Lab CPM 1

LAB CPM. NATIONAL CONTEXT DIFFERENCES IN CORPORAL PUNISHMENT AND DATING PARTNER VIOLENCE

• “An example of “macro” level research. Also called “societal level” research if the cases studied are societies.

• Compare to previous lab which used “Individual level” data

• Most of the Lab Projects from here on will use “macro” or societal level data

•The Research Question

The same question as for previous lab, but at the social system level and using “severe” assaults as the dependent variable:

Do nations where corporal punishment is used by many parents have a higher probability of students severely assaulting a dating partner?

Soc 695 Family Violence Research In World Perspective Murray A. Straus

Lab CPM 2

SAMPLE AND MEASURES

• SAMPLE: 32 nations covering every major world region

• INDEPENDENT VARIABLE = Corporal Punishment measured by Question 105. This is variable VS01 on the data cards.

“When I was less then 12 years old, I was spanked or hit a lot by my mother or father.”

1 = Strongly disagree2 = Disagree3 = Agree4 = Strongly Agree

The variable is the percent of students in each national context who were spanked a lot, as indicated by the percent choosing answers 2, 3, or 4.

• DEPENDENT VARIABLE = Severe violence against a dating partner, as measured by the Conflict Tactics Scales score for Severe assaults on a dating partner in the past year. (questions are on the next slide)

Lab CPM 3

CONFLICT TACTICS SCALES – VIOLENCE SCALE QUESTIONS

SPSS IDVNAME Q # ASSAULT – MINORCCAMS1 208 THREW SOMETHING AT PARTNER THAT COULD HURTCCAMS2 210 TWISTED MY PARTNER'S ARM OR HAIRCCAMS3 218 PUSHED OR SHOVED MY PARTNERCCAMS4 246 GRABBED MY PARTNERCCAMS5 254 SLAPPED MY PARTNER

ASSAULT - SEVERECCASS1 222 USED A KNIFE OR GUN ON MY PARTNERCCASS2 228 PUNCHED PARTNER OR HIT PARTNER WITHCCASS3 234 CHOKED MY PARTNERCCASS4 238 SLAMMED PARTNER AGAINST A WALLCCASS5 244 BEAT UP MY PARTNERCCASS6 262 BURNED OR SCALDED MY PARTNER PURPOSECCASS7 274 I KICKED MY PARTNER

 

Lab CPM 4

HYPOTHESIS

• Write your hypothesis on the Lab Report Form.

• The hypothesis should use the word “nations” or more accurately “national contexts” to describe the cases

• The hypothesis could be different from the last lab because the cases are different and because the dependent variable is “severe” assaults, or it could be the same.

• Why might the results might be different for severe assaults?

Lab CPM 5

THE DATA

• DATA FOR EACH NATION IS ON A DATA CARD* To fit the data for a nation on one card, the card for each nation

has only about 80 of the 500+ variables* For purposes of this lab, each of you (or each team) will have the

data card for one or two of the nations

• THE VARIABLES ARE THE PERCENT OF STUDENTS IN EACH NATION OR THE AVERAGE FOR THE STUDENTS IN A NATION

, FOR EXAMPLE: -- The percent of students who were spanked a lot before age 12

-- The percent of students who severely assaulted a dating partner

THE CODE TELLS YOU THE VARIABLE THAT IS IN EACH BOX

• THE NAME OF THE NATION IS IN THE LOWER LEFT OF EACH CARD

Lab CPM 6

TOP HALF OF DATA CARD This is the data on the percent who severe y assaulted a partner (9% for this nation) This is cell 1-2.

Each cell of the data card has the score for one variable

Lab CPM 7

BOTTOM HALF OF DATA CARD

This is the data for the percent who were spanked or hit a lot before age 12 (52% for this nation.

The nation where the university is located

Lab CPM 8

The code tells you what is in each cell of the data cards

Lab CPM 9

Lab CPM 10

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Lab CPM 12

Lab CPM 13

SCATTER PLOT TO TEST THE HYPOTHESIS

• Each of you (or each team) will have a data card for one or two of the nations.

• We will go around the class and each of you will read the name of the nation and then read out the value for the X variable and then for the Y variable from your data card

• As each pair of scores is read out, everyone will put a tally mark in the cell of the table that corresponds to that combination of scores.

• The X axis (horizontal axis) variable is the percent in each nation who were “spanked or hit a lot before age 12”

Variable VS01_1 -- in 3rd row of data card, next to last box

The Y axis (vertical axis) variable is the percent in each nation who severely assaulted a dating partner.

Variable CTASSP_1 -- in first row, next to last box

Lab CPM 14

FITT A TREND LINE TO SHOW THERELATION BETWEEN THE PREVALENCE OF CORPORAL PUNISHMENT IN A COUNTRY AND THE PREVALENCE OF

ASSAULTING A DATING PARTNER

• For each column of the tabulation form, circle the middle number (this is the median)

• Take a card or ruler and connect the circles by a straight line.

• If there there is a tendency for the percent who were violent to a partner to increase from the left to the right side of the chart, .draw

a line that shows the trend by sliding a ruler or other straight edge over the chart to get the best fit

• When this line is fitted mathematically it is called a “regression line” If this were done on a computer, the program would also give you a correlation or regression coefficient that indicates how good the fit between the dots and the line.

• Computer generated regression line on next slide

Lab CPM 15

Percent Spanked or Hit A Lot Before Age 12 (VS01)

The correlation for this chart: .68, which is very high, but still deviations from the regression line.

What would this chart look like if r = .99 or 1.00? (perfect correlation)

What would it look like if r - .00 (no correlation)

Significance test shows p <.001 What does that mean?

Lab CPM 16

RESULTS AND DISCUSSION SECTION OF THE LAB REPORT

RESULTS SECTION (number & letter your answers)

1. How much corporal punishment was there? How much did it vary from nation to nation (identify the lowest and the highest rate)?

2. How much severe violence to partners was there? How much did it vary from nation to nation?

3. A. What is the relation of corporal punishment to hitting a dating partner? B. How close a relationship is there? C. Is the relation “statistically significant” and what does that show?

4. Anything else you noticed about the results?

DISCUSSION SECTION

What processes do you think could produce result 3? That is why do you think this relationship exists?

Lab CPM 17

WHAT HAS BEEN LEARN ED FROM THIS LAB?

RESULTS

• THE PREVALENCE OF CORPORAL PUNISHMENT WORLD-WIDE

• THE PREVALENCE OF VIOLENCE AGAINST DATING PARTNERS BY STUDENTS WORLD-WIDE

• WHETHER CORPORAL PUNISHMENT IS RELATED TO HOW VIOLENCE A COUNTRY IS

METHODS

• HOW A SCATTER PLOT CAN BE USED TO TEST A HYPOTHESIS

• AN UNDERSTANDING OF THE FOLLOWING RESEARCH TOOLS:Regression lineCorrelation or regression coefficientTest of significance

• AN EXPERIENCE WITH EVALUATING DATA AND INTERPRETING RESULTS

Lab CPM 18

Male students Female students

Lab CPM 19

MATERIALS NEEDED FOR THIS LAB

Data cards

Code for data cards

Power point hand out

Scatter plot form

Lab report forms

Lab CPM 20

TOP HALF OF DATA CARD

Lab CPM 21

BOTTOM HALF OF DATA CARD

Lab CPM 22

Rank12345678910111213141516171819202122

Hit by Parents when Under the Age of 12 (vs01)Site % USA-LOUISIAN 68.6MEX-JUAREZ 66.0CAN-WINNIPEG 64.4USA-MISSISSP 64.0USA-CINCINN 63.4HONGKONG 62.7USA-TX-N MEX 62.5KOR-PUSAN 58.8CAN-HAMILTON 58.4USA-UTAH 58.4CAN-LONDON 57.2NZL-CHRISTCH 55.2USA-TX-MEX 54.4CHE-FRENCH 51.9USA-NH 2 49.3USA-NH 1 44.0CHE-GERMAN 35.2CAN-MONTREAL 27.3PRT-BRAGA 23.5ISR-EMEKZYRL 22.8BRA-SAOPAULO 19.6NDL-AMSTRDAM 19.5

Hit by Parents When a Teenager

(vs02)Site % HONGKONG 56.4KOR-PUSAN 52.2PRT-BRAGA 45.5BRA-SAOPALO 40.0USA-MISSISSP 37.8USA-LOUISIAN 37.4USA-TX-MEX 34.5MEX-JUAREZ 30.1CAN-HAMILTON 26.5CAN-LONDON 26.4USA-CINCINN 26.2CAN-WINNIPEG 24.1USA-TX-N MEX 23.4CHE-FRENCH 20.4CAN-MONTREAL 19.2ISR-EMEKZYRL 19.2NZL-CHRISTCH 17.2USA-NH 1 16.8USA-UTAH 16.8CHE-GERMAN 16.8USA-NH 2 16.1NDL-AMSTRDAM 12.6

Hit by Non-Family Adults & Children as a Child (vs10)Site % HONGKONG 72.3KOR-PUSAN 62.8CHE-FRENCH 57.0NDL-AMSTRDAM 46.6MEX-JUAREZ 45.7CAN-LONDON 42.1PRT-BRAGA 39.5NZL-CHRISTCH 38.1USA-UTAH 37.2USA-CINCINN 36.2CAN-WINNIPEG 36.1CAN-HAMILTON 35.8USA-TX-MEX 35.4USA-LOUISIAN 35.2USA-NH 1 33.4USA-TX-N MEX 32.2USA-MISSISSP 30.6BRA-SAOPAULO 30.4USA-NH 2 29.0CAN-MONTREAL 28.0ISR-EMEKZYRL 27.1CHE-GERMAN 21.5

TABLE 1: CHILDHOOD PHYSICAL VIOLENCE VICTIMIZATION

Lab CPM 23

1-Feb-05, Page 1

Soc 697. Lab Project 3. Rate of Severe assaults on dating partner by Rate of Corporal Punishment of Students at Each Site. % AT EACH UNIVERSITY WHO SEVERELY ASSAULTED THEIR PARTNER (CTASSP_1) 31 30 29 28 27 26 25 24 23 22 21 20 19 18 17 16 15 14 13 12 11 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 0-

4 5-8

9-12

1316

1720

2124

2528

2932

3336

3740

4144

45 48

4952

5356

57 60

6164

6568

69 72

7376

7780

8184

8488

8992

9396

97 100

VSO1_1 PERCENT AT EACH UNIVERSITY WHO AGREED THAT BEFORE AGE 12 THEY WERE SPANKED OR HIT A LOT BY THEIR MOTHER OR FATHER 1

Name _____________________