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www.marineandcommerce.com // ULUSLARARASI DEN‹Z VE T‹CARETwww.marineandcommerce.com // ULUSLARARASI DEN‹Z VE T‹CARET

LARGESTS OF THE TANKER WORLDTANKER DÜNYASININ EN BÜYÜKLER‹LARGESTS OF THE TANKER WORLDTANKER DÜNYASININ EN BÜYÜKLER‹

MASAMICHI MOROOKA: WORTH PAYING IN ORDER TO SURVIVEAYAKTA KALMAK ‹Ç‹N BEDEL ÖDEMEYE DE⁄ER

COMPLEX SENTIMENTS IN TRANSPORT TAfiIMACILIKTA KARMAfiIK DUYGULAR

MASAMICHI MOROOKA: WORTH PAYING IN ORDER TO SURVIVEAYAKTA KALMAK ‹Ç‹N BEDEL ÖDEMEYE DE⁄ER

COMPLEX SENTIMENTS IN TRANSPORT TAfiIMACILIKTA KARMAfiIK DUYGULAR

which with a twist of fate was born also in 1863 and is an actorof crude oil and oil product transportation as important astankers, being considered such valuable is the business of same“precious mud”! As we said, if we enter into economy-politics of this matter, it would be necessary to prepare special journals.For that reason, we keep it short and turn back to our reportabout the top tanker shipping companies of the world and we putthem under the scope in this issue.

SEAS ARE FULL OF GIANTS

Transporting the oil and oil products by tankers has always beenvery important in the world trade. On the other side, the worldtrade that became increasingly globalized after 1980s paved theway for the increase in size, tank volume and therefore transportcapacity of the ships in tanker industry as well as in all otherfields of maritime transportation. When considered withoutdiscriminating between types, the largest cargo carrying ships ofour day, ULCCs (Ultra Large Crude Carriers) and VLCCs (VeryLarge Crude Carriers) are the works of oil trade which hasshapened the fate of 20th century, and appears like will intervenealso in twenty-first century.

When some vessels start to be identified by words like giant,gigantic, very large, and ultra large, a part of the industry

da bu denli de¤erli görülmesi ayn› “k›ymetli çamur”un ifli! Dedikya, e¤er bu iflin ekonomi-politi¤ine girersek özel dergiler yap-mam›z gerekir. O yüzden k›sa kesiyoruz ve bu say›m›zda mercekalt›na ald›¤›m›z dünyan›n en büyük tanker tafl›mac›lar› hakk›ndaraporumuza dönüyoruz.

DEN‹ZLER DEV DOLU

Ham petrol ve petrol ürünlerinin tankerlerle tafl›nmas› dünyaticaretinde her zaman çok önemli oldu. Öte yandan 1980’lerdensonra h›zla küreselleflen dünya ticareti, deniz tafl›mac›l›¤›n›nbütün di¤er alanlar›nda oldu¤u gibi tanker sektöründe de gemi-lerin boyutlar›n›n, tank hacimlerinin ve dolay›s›yla da tafl›ma kapasitelerinin artmas›na yol açt›. S›n›f ay›rt etmedenbak›ld›¤›nda bugün dünyan›n en büyük yük tafl›yan gemileri ULCC(Ultra Large Crude Carriers) ve VLCC’ler (Very Large CrudeCarriers), 20. Yüzy›l›n kaderini flekillendiren ve 21. Yüzy›la damüdahale edece¤i belli olan petrol ticaretinin eserleri.

Birtak›m araçlar dev, devasa, çok büyük, ultra büyük gibi sözcük-lerle tan›mlanmaya bafllad›¤›nda, o araçlar›n kullan›ld›¤› sektörkurulufllar›n›n bir bölümü de ayn› sözcüklerle tan›mlanabilir halegeliyor. Okurlar›m›zla bu sayfalar›m›zda paylaflt›¤›m›z liste, iflte odevlerin dünyas›n› resmediyor. Kuflkusuz dünya tanker filosununtümünü listelememiz mümkün de¤il. Yine de bu liste kimlerinpiyasan›n en güçlüleri oldu¤unu ve ülkelerin yerini yavafl yavafl

MARINE&COMMERCE TEMMUZ 2015 029

If we attempt to prepare a fileabout tanker shipping, probably wecannot finish it even if we devote a

whole issue of “marine&commerce”only for this purpose. For we have tostart the story back from theIndustrial Revolution where the commercial shipping began to utilizesteam. Indeed, the first commercialtanker was built in 1863 as a sailingvessel and the steam-powered oiltanker Vaderland was built byPalmers Shipyard and Iron Companyin England and delivered to itsBelgian owners in 1873. Namely, ahistory of 150 years.

Of course those 150 years is not theonly reason for a file about yesterdayand today of tanker shipping beinghighly sizable. What makes itimportant is the role played on thefate of the world by its cargo,namely oil rather than the history ofships. The fact that oil pipeline,

Tanker tafl›mac›l›¤› hakk›nda bir dosyahaz›rlamaya kalksak, herhaldemarine&commerce’›n bir say›s›n›

ay›rsak bile bitiremeyiz. Çünkü hikayeyianlatmaya ticari tafl›mac›l›¤›n istim tut-maya bafllad›¤› Sanayi Devrimi sürecindenbafllamam›z gerekir. Nitekim ilk ticaritanker yelkenli bir gemi olarak 1863’teinfla edildi, 1873’te ise buhar gücüyleçal›flan petrol tankeri Vaderland,‹ngiltere’de Palmers Tersanecilik veDemir fiirketi taraf›ndan infla edilerekBelçikal› sahiplerine teslim edildi. Yani150 y›ll›k bir tarihten söz ediyoruz.

Kuflkusuz tanker tafl›mac›l›¤›n›n dünü vebugünü hakk›ndaki bir dosyan›n fazlahacimli olmas›n›n tek nedeni 150 y›lde¤il. Onu gemilerin tarihinden çok,tafl›d›¤› yükün yani petrolün dünyan›nkaderi üzerinde oynad›¤› rol önemlik›l›yor. Ham petrol ve petrol ürünleritafl›mac›l›¤›n›n tankerler kadar önemli biraktörü olan ve kaderin garip bir cilvesiyle1863 y›l›nda do¤an petrol boru hatlar›n›n

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MARINE&COMMERCE JULY 2015028

LARGESTS OF THE TANKER WORLDTANKER DÜNYASININ EN BÜYÜKLER‹

YILMAZ ÖZTÜRK

Oil seals the fate of the World for a hundred and fifty years and the tankers that take the oil from production spots

and carry it to every single port of the earth draws the road map of that fate. Importance of tankers in maritime

transport will never end as long as the modern life’s need for oil and oil products continues. Namely, we will go on

preparing the “Top 10” of the World tanker shipping. Here comes the 2015 World Tanker Shipping Top 10!

Yüz elli y›ld›r dünyan›n kaderine petrol yön veriyor, onu üretim noktalar›ndan al›p yeryüzünün her liman›na

ulaflt›ran tankerler de bu kaderin yol haritas›n› çiziyor. Modern yaflam petrole ve petrol ürünlerine ihtiyaç

duydukça deniz tafl›mac›l›¤›nda da tankerler önemini sürdürecek. Yani dünya tanker tafl›mac›l›¤›n›n “Top

10”unu yapmaya devam edece¤iz. ‹flte karfl›n›zda Dünya Tanker Tafl›mac›l›¤› 2015 Top 10!

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institutions where those vehicles are used also becomesidentifiable with the same words. The list we share with ourreader in these pages illustrates the world of those giants. Of course, it is not possible to list whole of the world tankerfleet. Nevertheless, this list is enlightening enough to unroll the most powerful ones of the industry and to display that thecountries are gradually being replaced by international operating companies.

THE WINNER FROM JAPAN, SECOND FROM PERSIA

The largest oil shipping company of the world is based in Japan,an oil poor country like Turkey. The transport capacity oftankers owned by Mitsui-OSK (MOL) which was established in1884 is 15.8 million DWT; another 74,000 DWT tanker of thecompany is under construction. The fleet involves 40 VLCC, sixLR2, five Aframax, 12 LR1, 26 MR and 13 Handysize tankers.

NITC (National Iranian Tanker Company) takes place in thesecond rank. NITC, which was a corporate of Iranian NationalOil Company and became independent in 2009, moved up byadding 12 VLCCs to its fleet during the period between May2012-July 2013. There is no clear data about newbuildingtankers of the company who currently owns a 13.6 million DWTfleet. It is said that a number of Panamaxes are underconstruction in China instead of large tankers. Six aged VLCCs

uluslararas› iflletmeci flirketlerin almaya bafllad›¤›n› gözler önüneserecek kadar ayd›nlat›c›.

B‹R‹NC‹ JAPONYA’DAN, ‹K‹NC‹ ‹RAN’DAN

Dünyan›n en büyük petrol tafl›mac›l›¤› flirketi, Türkiye gibi petrolfakiri bir ülke olan Japonya’da bulunuyor. 1884 y›l›nda kurulmuflolan Mitsui-OSK’n›n (MOL) sahip oldu¤u tankerlerin tafl›ma ka-pasitesi 15.8 milyon DWT; halen 74,000 DWT’lik tanker de inflaaflamas›nda. Filoyu 40 VLCC, alt› LR2, befl Aframax, 12 LR1, 26 MR ve 13 Handysize tanker oluflturuyor.

‹ki numarada NITC (National Iranian Tanker Company) yeral›yor. ‹ran Ulusal Petrol fiirketi’nin bir kurulufluyken 2009

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MARINE&COMMERCE JULY 2015030

made a contract for newbuilding of 12 Suezmax tanker in recentdays. Thus, 606 thousand DWT will be added to the fleet.

Belgian tanker company Euronav ranked as five with its total12.5 million DWT tanker fleet. Indeed, Euronav was not such alarge company until the current year. However, the companymade a big leap when it purchased 15 VLCCs belonging toMaersk for 980 million dollars. Besides, the companyannounced that it is watching opportunity for other tankerpurchases in a period where surges are experienced in oilmarkets and distresses related with global economy neverrelieve. It is reported that Euronav has agreed with theinvestment institution OSG and will purchase three more VLCCand two Aframax tankers from Maersk.

BERMUDIAN, RUSSIAN, SAUDI

We see an international tanker operating company, FrontlineGroup in the sixth rank. There is 67 tankers in its 11.9 millionDWT fleet 24 of which are VLCC, 17 Suezmax, 10 LR2 and 16MR. Delivery of the Group’s order for two LR2 and five oilproduct tankers has started as of September of the last year andthose deliveries contributes to the growth of the fleet. Besides, it

sahip. Halen 22’si Suezmax, 12’si Aframax, yedisi LR2 ve üçüMR olmak üzere 44 çift cidarl› tankerden oluflan bir filosu ve 11tane de süreli kiralad›¤› tankeri bulunuyor. Teekay Tanker’inçeflitli ortak giriflim flirketlerde de pay› var. Toplam filo büyüklü¤ü12.5 milyon DWT olan Teekay, 12 Suezmax tanker inflas› için degeçti¤imiz günlerde bir anlaflma yapt›. Böylece filoya 606 binDWT daha eklenecek.

Belçikal› tanker flirketi Euronav toplam 12.5 milyon DWT tankerfilosuyla beflinci s›rada. Asl›nda içinde bulundu¤umuz y›la kadarEuronav bu denli büyük bir firma de¤ildi. Ancak Maersk’e ait 15 VLCC’yi 980 milyon dolara sat›n al›nca büyük bir s›çramagerçeklefltirmifl oldu. Üstelik firma, petrol piyasalar›nda büyükdalgalanmalar yafland›¤› ve küresel ekonomiye dair endiflelerin birtürlü azalmad›¤› bir dönemde yeni tanker sat›n al›mlar› için f›rsatkollad›¤›n› da duyurdu. Euronav’›n yat›r›m flirketi OSG ileanlaflt›¤› ve Maersk’ten üç tane daha VLCC ve iki de Aframaxtanker alaca¤› biliniyor.

BERMUDALI, RUS, SUUD‹

Alt›nc› s›rada bir uluslararas› tanker iflletme flirketi olan FrontlineGrubu bulunuyor. 11.9 milyon DWT’lik filosunda 24 VLCC, 17 Suezmax, 10 LR2, 16 MR olmak üzere 67 tanker var. Grubun

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MARINE&COMMERCE TEMMUZ 2015 033

are deployed for oil storage in the Persian Gulf presently. On theother side, there are 37 VLCC, nine Suezmax, five Aframax andthree product tankers in the Iranian tanker fleet. In anannouncement made by the head office inrecent days it is reported that the NITC isplanning to add 6 million DWT capacity to itsfleet by way of purchasing and building 25more tankers in conformity with IMO rules.

JAPAN, AMERICAN, BELGIAN

Another Japanese, NYK Group is in the thirdrank with 12.6 million DWT. The fleet iscomposed of 33 VLCC, four Aframax, fiveLR2, 24 MR and five chemical tankers. Thecompanies like Knutsen NYK OffshoreTankers and Stolt Nielsen are performingjoint-venture tanker shipping while NYKGroup operates 28 LNG tanker as well.

Teekay Group founded by Denmark origin USAcitizen J. Torben Karlshoej achieved a rapidgrowth with its Teekay Tankers put intopractice in May 2007 and placed in the forthrank. On the other side, the company owns thelargest shuttle tanker fleet of the world. It hasa double hull tanker fleet composed of 22Suezmax, 12 Aframax, seven LR2 and threeMR besides 11 time-chartered tankers. TeekayTankers also holds shares of various jointventure companies. Teekay’s total fleetcapacity is 12.5 million DWT and the company

y›l›nda özerkleflen NITC, May›s 2012-Temmuz 2013 aras›ndafiloya 12 VLCC’nin eklenmesiyle s›n›f atlad›. Halen 13.6 milyonDWT’lik bir filoya sahip olan flirketin yeni infla tankerleri

hakk›nda net bir veri yok. Büyük tankerleryerine birkaç Panamax’›n Çin’de inflahalinde oldu¤u konufluluyor. Alt› yafll› VLCChalen Basra Körfezi’nde ham petroldepolanmas›nda kullan›l›yor. ‹ran tankerfilosunda 37 VLCC, dokuz Suezmax, beflAframax ve üç ürün tankeri bulunuyor.Geçti¤imiz günlerde flirket merkezindenyap›lan aç›klamada, NITC’nin infla etme vesat›n alma yoluyla IMO kurallar›na uygun25 tankere daha sahip olarak filosuna 6milyon DWT kapasite eklemeyi planlad›¤›duyuruldu.

JAPON, AMER‹KAN, BELÇ‹KALI

Bir di¤er Japon firmas› NYK Grubu, 12.6milyon DWT ile üçüncü s›rada. Filoyu 33VLCC, dört Aframax, befl LR2, 24 MR vebefl kimyasal tanker oluflturuyor. NYKGrubu ayr›ca 28 LNG tankerini iflletirken,Knutsen NYK Offshore Tankers ve StoltNielsen gibi flirketlerle de ortak giriflimtanker tafl›mac›l›¤› ifli yap›yor.

Danimarka kökenli ABD vatandafl› J.Torben Karlshoej’in kurdu¤u Teekay Grubu,2007 Aral›k ay›nda hayata geçirdi¤i TeekayTanker ile h›zl› bir büyüme kaydetti vedördüncü s›raya yerleflti. Öte yandan flirketdünyan›n en büyük shuttle tanker filosuna

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MARINE&COMMERCE JULY 2015032

FIRST 20 FLAG OWNINGMAXIMUM NUMBER OF

TANKERSEN FAZLA TANKERE SAH‹P

‹LK 20 BAYRAKPanama // Panama 8,164Indonesia // Endonezya 7,738Japan // Japonya 5,260China // Çin 3,984USA // ABD 3,533Singapore // Singapur 3,529Liberia // Liberya 3,164Marshall Islands // Marshall Adalar› 2,829Russia // Rusya 2,505Hong Kong // Hong Kong 2,482Malta // Malta 2,001South Korea // Güney Kore 1,892Vietnam // Vietnam 1,764Malesia // Malezya 1,657India // Hindistan 1,609Philippines // Filipinler 1,428Greece // Yunanistan 1,417Bahamas // Bahamalar 1,413Italy // ‹talya 1,384Turkey // Türkiye 1,258

Source // Kaynak: Clarksons, as of 19.06.2015

iki LR2 ve befl petrol ürünleri tankeri siparifli 2014 Eylül ay›ndanitibaren teslim edilmeye baflland›, bunlar da filoyu büyütmeyedevam ediyor. Ayr›ca dünyan›n en büyük Suezmax filosuna sahipolan grubun iki Suezmax tanker daha sat›n almak üzere oldu¤ugelen haberler aras›nda.

Sovcomflot Grubu (SCF) 11.9 milyon DWT filoyla yedincis›rada. Eski petrol ürün tankerlerini satmaya yönelen SCF filosunu VLCC ve LR2’ler ile besleyecek bir yat›r›m stratejisiizliyor. SCF filosu 42 Aframax, 18 Suezmax, 28 MR, beflPanamax’tan olufluyor. Grup iki yeni infla VLCC’sinden birtanesini henüz teslim ald›.

‹ki Suudi flirketi, Bahri ile Vela’n›n birleflmesiyle ortaya ç›kan11.4 milyon DWT’lik tanker filosu, sekizinci s›raya yerleflti. Filodabiri depolama için kullan›lan 32 VLCC, bir Aframax, 24 kimyasaltafl›y›c›, biri LR1 dördü MR olmak üzere befl yeni teslim tankerbulunuyor. Filonun teknik ve ticari tüm yönetimini Bahri Grubuyap›yor. Grubun LPG ve kimyasal ürün tankerleri için piyasadaaraflt›rma yapt›¤› da duyuruldu.

S‹NGAPUR, BERMUDA

Singapur merkezli AET, 11.2 milyon DWT filosuyla dokuzuncus›rada. fiirket geçti¤imiz y›l dört eko-tasar›ml› VLCC alarakVLCC filosundaki gemi say›s›n› 13’e ç›karm›flt›. Asl›nda AET’nindaha fazla tankeri vard› fakat filo yaflland›¤› için birçok tankerinisatt›. Halen flirket Aframax ve VLCC’ler için bir yenileme pro-gram› haz›rl›¤›nda. 50 Aframax, dört Suezmax, iki DP shuttletanker (iki tane de yeni siparifl verdi), bir Panamax ve befl MRAET tanker filosunu oluflturuyor.

Bir di¤er uluslararas› iflletme flirketi olan Dynacom TankersManagement (DMT) 8.9 milyon DWT ile onuncu s›rada. 14VLCC, 23 Suezmax, alt› LR1 ve alt› da Panamax tankeri var.fiirket dört yeni infla Suezmax tankerin de yak›n zamanda filoyakat›laca¤›n› duyurdu.

is reported that the group, which owns the largest Suezmax fleetof the world, is about to purchase two more Suezmax tankers.

Sovcomflot Group (SCF) is at the seventh rank with its 11.9million DWT fleet. SCF is following an investment strategy forhaving a fleet composed entirely of VLCCs and LRs by sellingaged oil product tankers. SCF fleet is composed of 42 Aframax,18 Suezmax, 28 MR, five Panamaxes. Group has just receivedone of the two newbuilding VLCCs.

11.4 million DWT tanker fleet that come to light with themerger of two Saudi companies Bahri and Vela, is placed in theeighth rank. There are 32 VLLCs one of which used for storage,one Aframax, 24 chemical carriers, five newly delivered tankersone of which is LR1 and four MR in the fleet. Entire technicaland commercial administration of the fleet is carried out byBahri Group. It is reported that the group is conducting marketresearch for LPG and chemical product tankers.

SINGAPORE, BERMUDA

Singapore based AET is in the ninth rank with its 11.2 millionDWT fleet. The company increased the number of VLCCs in itsfleet to 13 by purchasing four eco-design VLCCs last year.Indeed, AET had more number of tankers but the company soldmany of them since the fleet was aged. Presently, the company ispreparing a renewal program for Aframax and VLCCs. AET fleetis composed of 50 Aframax, four Suezmax, two DP shuttletanker (besides, two newbuilding order is placed), one Panamaxand five MR tankers.

Another international operating company, Dynacom TankersManagement (DMT) ranked as tenth with its 8.9 million DWT.The company owns 14 VLCC, 23 Suezmax, six LR1 and sixPanamax tankers. The company announced that four newbuildingSuezmax tankers will join to the fleet soon.

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MARINE&COMMERCE JULY 2015034

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