Head and Neck Vascularisation

dr. Yudha FP

Arteries of head, face & neck

Arcus aorta

Truncus brachiocephalica

A. Carotis communis dekstra

A. Carotis interna

A. Carotis eksterna

A. Subclavia dekstra

A. Carotis communis sinistra

A. Carotis interna

A. Carotis eksterna

A. Subclavia sinistra

A R T E R I

5

6

Common carotids branch: ◦ Internal carotids◦ External

carotids

Subclavian: 3 branches◦ Vertebral

arteries ◦ Thyrocerical

trunk◦ Costocervical

trunk

Common carotid arteries◦ Main sources of blood supply to head, face and

neck◦ Located on either side of neck and divide into

internal and external carotid arteries Internal carotid artery

◦ Supplies brain, eyes, eyelids, forehead, nose and internal ear

External carotid artery◦ Supplies anterior(front) parts of scalp, ear, face,

neck and sides of head

8

•Berada di dalam “vagina carotica” bersama dengan vena jugularis interna dan N. Vagus

•Bercabang menjadi arteri carotis eksterna et interna setinggi cart. Thyroid

Arteri carotis comunis

ARTERI CAROTIS EKSTERNA

cabang :a.tiroidea superiora.lingualisa.facialisa.oksipitalisa.temporalis superficialisa. maksilaris

ARTERI CAROTIS EKSTERNA

11

◦ Enters skull through carotid canal

◦ Gives off: Ophthalmic artery

◦ Then divides into anterior and middle cerebral arteries (see next slides):together they supply 80% of cerebrum

ARTERI CAROTIS INTERNA

Circulus Arteriosus Willisi

Arteri Otak

15

*

**

*

R and L vertebral arteries* (from subclavians)Ascend through vertebral foramina of C6-C1 transverse processesThrough foramen magnum into skullJoin to form one Basilar artery*

16

Note how it loops around pituitary gland & optic chiasm

Basilar artery: branches divides into

posterior cerebral arteries

Posterior communicating arteries

Connect to middle cerebral arteries

Called:CIRCLE OF WILLIS

CIRCLE OF WILLIS

18

19

Angiogram

20

Middle cerebral arteries run through lateral fissures

Anterior cerebral arteries of each side, through anterior communicating artery, anastomose

(an anastomosis is a union)

arteriogram

VEINS OF THE HEAD AND NECK

VEINS OF THE HEAD AND NECK

SINUS SAGITALIS SUPERIOR VENA JUGULARIS INTERNA DEKSTRASINUS SAGITALIS INFERIOR VENA JUGULARIS INTERNA SINISTRAVENA EMISSARIA fs. Untuk menghubungkan vena intra dan ekstra cranial

Veins of the Head and neck Venous drainage

from the face is entirely superficial

All the venous drainage from the head and neck terminate in the internal jugular vein which join the subclavian vein to form the brachiocephalic vein behind the medial end of the clavicle

Veins of the Head and neck Facial vein:

◦ is formed by the union of the supraorbital and supratrochlear veins the medial canthus to form the angular vein

◦ Communicate with the cavernous sinus through the ophthalmic vein via the supraorbital

Facial vein: descend on the face behind

the facial artery to the lower border of the mandible

to be joined by the anterior division of the retomandibular vein

Joins the:◦ pterygoid plexus through

deep facial vein ◦ Cavernous sinus through

superior ophthalmic vein

Veins of the Head and neck

Retromandibular vein:◦ formed by the union of

superficial temporal and maxillary vein from the pterygoid plexus

◦ passes downwards in the substance of the parotid gland emerging from its lower border & divide into two divisions

Veins of the Head and neck

Pterygoid plexus: ◦ A network of very small

veins, lie around and within the lateral pterygoid muscle in the infratemporal region

◦ receive some of the veins that correspond to the inferior ophthalmic vein (internal carotid blood) and the deep facial vein.

Veins of the Head and neck

Pterygoid plexus: Drain into a pair of large,

short maxillary veins which join the superficial temporal vein to form the retromandibular.

Deep facial vein drain the plexus into the facial vein if the maxillary is occluded

Act as peripheral pump, to aid venous return by the pumping action of the muscle every time the mouth is opened.

Veins of the Head and neck Anterior division:

◦ joins the facial vein

Posterior division: ◦ pierces the deep

fascia and join the posterior auricular vein to form the external jugular vein.

It empty into the subclavian vein

Veins of the Head and neck

External jugular vein:◦ Begins behind the angle of the

mandible by the union of the posterior auricular and posterior division of the retromandibular veins.

◦ It descend obliquely, deep to the platysma, receive the posterior external jugular vein

◦ pierce the deep fascia just above the clavicle and drain into the subclavian vein

Veins of the Head and neck

Internal jugular vein:

◦ It receive blood from the brain, face and the neck.

◦ It emerges through the jugular foramen,as a continuation of the sigmoid sinus descend down in the neck, first behind then lateral to the internal carotid artery inside the carotid sheath

TERIMAKASIH