L2/11-124 - DKUUGstd.dkuug.dk/JTC1/SC2/WG2/docs/n4027.pdf · PreliminaryProposaltoEncodetheMultaniScriptinISO/IEC10646 AnshumanPandey unlesstheyoccurinisolation,inword-initialposition,orinone-syllableCVclusters.Consonantstheoreti-

ISO/IEC JTC1/SC2/WG2 N4027L2/11-1242011-04-26

Title: Preliminary Proposal to Encode the Multani Script in ISO/IEC 10646Source: Anshuman Pandey ([email protected])Status: Individual ContributionAction: For consideration by UTC and WG2Date: 2011-04-26

1 Introduction

This is a proposal to encode the Multani script in the Universal Character Set (UCS). The script is discussedin the following documents:

• N3766 L2/10-011 “A Roadmap for Scripts of the Landa Family”• N3768 L2/10-013R “Preliminary Proposal to Encode the Landa Script in ISO/IEC 10646”

In N3768 L2/10-013R, it was suggested that Multani be unified with Landa. Further research has indicatedthat Multani is sufficiently different from the basic Landa script and other related scripts to be consideredfor independent encoding.

2 Background

The Multani script is used for writing Seraiki (ISO 639-3: skr), a language of the Lahnda macrofamily ofIndo-Aryan spoken in the Punjab regions of India and Pakistan and in northern Sindh in Pakistan. Seraiki isalso known as Lahnda, Multani, Ochiki Punjabi, Southern Lahnda, and Wuch.

Multani is based upon the basic Landa model, but possesses additional letters that exist in the Landa-basedscripts of Sindh, such as Khudawadi and Khojki (see comparison in Figure 8). The script is also referred toas Karikki.

The script was used for mercantile activities. It was also used by the Baptist Missionary Press for printingChristian literature (see figures 3 and 7). Two different styles of Multani are attested. The letterforms used inthe printed Multani bible appear to be a stylized form of the Multani script used in the Uch region of Punjab.1This form differs from the script shown in the Linguistic Survey of India. The two forms of Multani shouldbe unified; variant forms may be managed at the presentation level through fonts.

The proposed character set is a combination of the two attested forms ofMultani. The proposed glyph shapesare based upon printed forms from Serampore bible, with additions from hand-written documents.

3 Writing System

3.1 Structure

Although Multani is based upon the Brahmi model, its structure is closer to an abjad than an alphasyllabary.There are three independent vowel letters and no combining vowel signs. Vowels are generally not written

1 Shackle 1983: 59.

1

Preliminary Proposal to Encode the Multani Script in ISO/IEC 10646 Anshuman Pandey

unless they occur in isolation, in word-initial position, or in one-syllable CV clusters. Consonants theoreti-cally possess the inherent vowel /a/, but since vowels are not explicitlymarked, the actual value is ambiguous.There is no .

3.2 Punctuation

The 𑊤 is used for marking the end of sentences.

3.3 Collation

The collating order follows that of Khudawadi.

3.4 Linebreaking

Characters behave as in Khudawadi.

3.5 Character Properties

11280;MULTANI LETTER A;Lo;0;L;;;;;N;;;;;11281;MULTANI LETTER I;Lo;0;L;;;;;N;;;;;11282;MULTANI LETTER U;Lo;0;L;;;;;N;;;;;11283;MULTANI LETTER E;Lo;0;L;;;;;N;;;;;11284;MULTANI LETTER KA;Lo;0;L;;;;;N;;;;;11285;MULTANI LETTER KHA;Lo;0;L;;;;;N;;;;;11286;MULTANI LETTER GA;Lo;0;L;;;;;N;;;;;11287;MULTANI LETTER GHA;Lo;0;L;;;;;N;;;;;11288;MULTANI LETTER CA;Lo;0;L;;;;;N;;;;;11289;MULTANI LETTER CHA;Lo;0;L;;;;;N;;;;;1128A;MULTANI LETTER JA;Lo;0;L;;;;;N;;;;;1128B;MULTANI LETTER JJA;Lo;0;L;;;;;N;;;;;1128C;MULTANI LETTER NYA;Lo;0;L;;;;;N;;;;;1128D;MULTANI LETTER TTA;Lo;0;L;;;;;N;;;;;1128E;MULTANI LETTER TTHA;Lo;0;L;;;;;N;;;;;1128F;MULTANI LETTER DDA;Lo;0;L;;;;;N;;;;;11290;MULTANI LETTER DDDA;Lo;0;L;;;;;N;;;;;11291;MULTANI LETTER DDHA;Lo;0;L;;;;;N;;;;;11292;MULTANI LETTER NNA;Lo;0;L;;;;;N;;;;;11293;MULTANI LETTER TA;Lo;0;L;;;;;N;;;;;11294;MULTANI LETTER THA;Lo;0;L;;;;;N;;;;;11295;MULTANI LETTER DA;Lo;0;L;;;;;N;;;;;11296;MULTANI LETTER NA;Lo;0;L;;;;;N;;;;;11297;MULTANI LETTER PA;Lo;0;L;;;;;N;;;;;11298;MULTANI LETTER PHA;Lo;0;L;;;;;N;;;;;11299;MULTANI LETTER BA;Lo;0;L;;;;;N;;;;;1129A;MULTANI LETTER BHA;Lo;0;L;;;;;N;;;;;1129B;MULTANI LETTER MA;Lo;0;L;;;;;N;;;;;1129C;MULTANI LETTER YA;Lo;0;L;;;;;N;;;;;1129D;MULTANI LETTER RA;Lo;0;L;;;;;N;;;;;1129E;MULTANI LETTER LA;Lo;0;L;;;;;N;;;;;1129F;MULTANI LETTER VA;Lo;0;L;;;;;N;;;;;112A0;MULTANI LETTER SA;Lo;0;L;;;;;N;;;;;112A1;MULTANI LETTER HA;Lo;0;L;;;;;N;;;;;112A2;MULTANI LETTER RRA;Lo;0;L;;;;;N;;;;;112A3;MULTANI LETTER RHA;Lo;0;L;;;;;N;;;;;112A4;MULTANI SECTION MARK;Po;0;L;;;;;N;;;;;

2


4 References

The American Bible Society. 1938. The Book of a Thousand Tongues: Being Some Account of the Transla-tion and Publication of All or Part of The Holy Scriptures Into More Than a Thousand Languages andDialects With Over 1100 Examples from the Text. Edited by Eric M. North. New York and London:Harper & Brothers.

Bagster, Samuel. 1848. The Bible of Every Land: A history of the Sacred Scriptures in every language anddialect into which translations have been made : illustrated with specimen portions in native characters,series of alphabets, coloured ethnographical maps, tables, indexes, etc. London: Samuel Bagster andSons.

Faulmann, Carl. 1880. Das Buch der Schrift: Enthaltend die Schriftzeichen und Alphabete aller Zeitenund aller Völker der Erdkreises. Zweite Vermehrte und verbesserte Auflage. Wein: Der Kaiserlich-Königlichen Hof- und Staatsdruckerei.

Grierson, George A. 1916. The Linguistic Survey of India. Vol. IX. Indo-Aryan Family. Central Group.Part I. Specimens of Western Hindī and Pañjābī. Calcutta: Office of the Superintendent of GovernmentPrinting, India.

———. 1919. The Linguistic Survey of India. Vol. VIII. Indo-Aryan Family. North-Western Group. PartIII. Sindhī and Lahndā. Calcutta: Office of the Superintendent of Government Printing, India.

Jensen, Hans. 1969. Die Schrift: In Vergangenheit und Gegenwart. Reprint der 3. Auflage. Berlin:Deutscher Verlag der Wissenschaften.

Pandey, Anshuman. 2010. “A Roadmap for Scripts of the Landa Family.” N3766 L2/10-011R. February 9,2010. http://std.dkuug.dk/JTC1/SC2/WG2/docs/n3766.pdf

———. 2010. “Preliminary Proposal to Encode the Landa Script in ISO/IEC 10646” N3768 L2/10-013R.February 9, 2010. http://std.dkuug.dk/JTC1/SC2/WG2/docs/n3768.pdf

Prinsep, James. 1837. Review: “A Grammar of the Sindhí Language, dedicated to the Right Honorable SirRobert Grant, governor of Bombay, byW. H.Wathen, Esq.” In Journal of the Asiatic Society of Bengal,vol. VI, pt. I (January to June 1837), pp. 347–354. Calcutta: Baptist Mission Press.

Shackle, Christopher. 1983. From Wuch to Southern Lahnda: A Century of Siraiki Studies in English.Multani: Bazm-e-Saqafat.

Serampore Missionaries. 1819. The Holy Bible containing the Old and New Testaments translated from theoriginals into the Mooltani Language. Vol II – Containing the New Testament. Serampore: MissionPress.

3


𑊀 𑊀

𑊁 𑊁

𑊂 𑊂

— 𑊃

𑊄 𑊄

𑊅 𑊅

𑊆 𑊆

𑊈 𑊈

𑊊 𑊊

— 𑊋

𑊌 —

𑊍 𑊍

—

𑊏 𑊏

— 𑊐

𑊑 𑊑

𑊒 𑊒

𑊓 𑊓

𑊔 𑊔

𑊕 𑊕

𑊖 𑊖

𑊗 𑊗

𑊘 𑊘

𑊙 𑊙

𑊚 𑊚

𑊛 𑊛

— 𑊜

𑊝 𑊝

𑊟 𑊟

𑊠 𑊠

𑊡 𑊡

— 𑊢

— 𑊣

Table 1: Comparison of Multani letterforms. Column ‘’: Grierson 1919; column ‘’: SeramporeMissionaries 1819.

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Printed using UniBook™(http://www.unicode.org/unibook/)

Date: 25-Apr-2011 1

112AFMultani11280

1128 1129 112A

𑊀

𑊁

𑊂

𑊃

𑊄

𑊅

𑊆

𑊈

𑊊

𑊋

𑊌

𑊍

𑊏

𑊐

𑊑

𑊒

𑊓

𑊔

𑊕

𑊖

𑊗

𑊘

𑊙

𑊚

𑊛

𑊜

𑊝

𑊟

𑊠

𑊡

𑊢

𑊣

𑊤

11280

11281

11282

11283

11284

11285

11286

11287

11288

11289

1128A

1128B

1128C

1128D

1128E

1128F

11290

11291

11292

11293

11294

11295

11296

11297

11298

11299

1129A

1129B

1129C

1129D

1129E

1129F

112A0

112A1

112A2

112A3

112A4

0

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

A

B

C

D

E

F

Printed using UniBook™(http://www.unicode.org/unibook/)

Date: 25-Apr-2011 2

112A4Multani11280

Vowels11280 𑊀 MULTANI LETTER A11281 𑊁 MULTANI LETTER I11282 𑊂 MULTANI LETTER U11283 𑊃 MULTANI LETTER E

Consonants11284 𑊄 MULTANI LETTER KA11285 𑊅 MULTANI LETTER KHA11286 𑊆 MULTANI LETTER GA11287 MULTANI LETTER GHA11288 𑊈 MULTANI LETTER CA11289 MULTANI LETTER CHA1128A 𑊊 MULTANI LETTER JA1128B 𑊋 MULTANI LETTER JJA1128C 𑊌 MULTANI LETTER NYA1128D 𑊍 MULTANI LETTER TTA1128E MULTANI LETTER TTHA1128F 𑊏 MULTANI LETTER DDA11290 𑊐 MULTANI LETTER DDDA11291 𑊑 MULTANI LETTER DDHA11292 𑊒 MULTANI LETTER NNA11293 𑊓 MULTANI LETTER TA11294 𑊔 MULTANI LETTER THA11295 𑊕 MULTANI LETTER DA11296 𑊖 MULTANI LETTER NA11297 𑊗 MULTANI LETTER PA11298 𑊘 MULTANI LETTER PHA11299 𑊙 MULTANI LETTER BA1129A 𑊚 MULTANI LETTER BHA1129B 𑊛 MULTANI LETTER MA1129C 𑊜 MULTANI LETTER YA1129D 𑊝 MULTANI LETTER RA1129E MULTANI LETTER LA1129F 𑊟 MULTANI LETTER VA112A0 𑊠 MULTANI LETTER SA112A1 𑊡 MULTANI LETTER HA112A2 𑊢 MULTANI LETTER RRA112A3 𑊣 MULTANI LETTER RRHA

Punctuation112A4 𑊤 MULTANI SECTION MARK

Figure 1: Proposed code chart and nameslist for Multani.

5


Figure 2: Excerpt from the printed Multani New Testament (from Serampore 1819: 1).

6


Figure3:

Hand-writtenform

ofMultaniscrip

t(from

Grie

rson

1919:3

15–316).

7


Figure 4: Arabic values of the Multani script shown in Figure 2 (from Shackle 1983: 59).

Figure 5: Arabic values of the Multani script shown in Figure 3 (from Shackle 1983: 56).

8


Figure 6: Comparison of Multani with Khudawadi and Marwari (from Prinsep 1837: 352).

9


Figure 7: A specimen of the New Testament printed in the Multani script (from The AmericanBible Society 1938: 202.)

10


Figure 8: Comparison of basic Landa with Multani (from Grierson 1919: 311)

11


Figure 9: Scripts of the Sharada family (from Jensen 1969: 366). Multani is classified separatelyfrom other ‘Landa’ scripts, ie. Khudawadi and ‘Sindhi-Schrift’.

12


Figure 10: Description of Multani and ‘Sindhi’, showing metal fonts (from Faulmann 1880: 121).

13


Figure 11: Table showing the Khudawadi (‘Sindhee’), Multani (‘Moultan’), and Sharada (‘Cash-merian’) scripts (from Bagster 1848: xliv).

14


𑊄 𑊺 𑈈 ਕ क 𑊅 𑊻 𑈉 ਖ ख 𑊆 𑊼 𑈊 ਗ ग — 𑊽 𑈋 — ॻ

𑊾 𑈌 ਘ घ — 𑊿 𑈍 ਙ ङ 𑊈 𑋀 𑈎 ਚ च 𑋁 𑈏 ਛ छ 𑊊 𑋂 𑈐 ਜ ज 𑊋 𑋃 𑈑 — ॼ

— 𑋄 — ਝ झ 𑊌 𑋅 𑈓 ਞ ञ 𑊍 𑋆 𑈔 ਟ ट 𑋇 𑈕 ਠ ठ 𑊏 𑋈 𑈖 ਡ ड 𑊑 𑋋 𑈗 ਢ ढ 𑊒 𑋌 𑈘 ਣ ण 𑊓 𑋍 𑈙 ਤ त 𑊔 𑋎 𑈚 ਥ थ

Table 2: Consonant letters of Multani, Khojki, Khudawadi, and Gurmukhi.

15


𑊕 𑋏 𑈛 ਦ द 𑊐 𑋉 𑈜 — ॾ

— 𑋐 𑈝 ਧ ध 𑊖 𑋑 𑈞 ਨ न 𑊗 𑋒 𑈟 ਪ प 𑊘 𑋓 𑈠 ਫ फ 𑊙 𑋔 𑈡 ਬ ब — 𑋕 𑈢 — ॿ

𑊚 𑋖 𑈣 ਭ भ 𑊛 𑋗 𑈤 ਮ म 𑊜 𑋘 𑈥 ਯ य 𑊝 𑋙 𑈦 ਰ र 𑋚 𑈧 ਲ ल 𑊟 𑋛 𑈨 ਵ व — 𑋜 — ਸ਼ श 𑊠 𑋝 𑈩 ਸ स 𑊡 𑋞 𑈪 ਹ ह — — 𑈫 ਲ਼ ळ 𑊢 𑋊 — ੜ — 𑊣 — — — —

Table 3: Consonant letters of Multani, Khojki, Khudawadi, and Gurmukhi.

16

Documents

L2/11-124 - DKUUGstd.dkuug.dk/JTC1/SC2/WG2/docs/n4027.pdf · PreliminaryProposaltoEncodetheMultaniScriptinISO/IEC10646 AnshumanPandey unlesstheyoccurinisolation,inword-initialposition,orinone-syllableCVclusters.Consonantstheoreti-