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Chemistry 5

Course Introduction

Chapter-1

18 September 2002


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Chemistry 5: The

TeamI. Lecturers

Charles Lieber

Sunney Xie


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Chemistry 5: The Team

II. Assistant Head Tutor & Lab

Coordinator: Gregg Tucci (tucci@fas)

III. Head TFs

Problems: Logan McCarty (mccarty@fas)

Sectioning: Andy Ho (aho@fas)

Laboratory:

Philippe de Rouffingnac (rouffign@fas)Robin Friedman (rfriedm@fas)

IV. Your TFs

V. Demonstrations: Daniel Rosenberg


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Chemistry & Greater Things?

Chem (5/7)


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Chemistry is central to much of todays and

tomorrows science and technology!

Chem (5/7)Biotechnology

Nanotechnology

Pharmaceuticals

Environment

Energy

Materials

Atmosphere

Electronics


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Pharmaceuticals & Biotechnology

(Example: Prof. Shair, CCB, Harvard)


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Chemistry is central to much of todays and

tomorrows science and technology!

Chem (5/7)Biotechnology

Nanotechnology

Pharmaceuticals

Environment

Energy

Materials

Atmosphere

Electronics


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Nanotechnology


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Chemistry 5 Fall 2002

Office Hours-- C. Lieber

Fridays 12:00 2:00 pm By appointment: [email protected]

Plans for First Half of Chem-5

MatterIts Properties and Measurement

Chapter 1; 1-lecture

Atoms and Atomic TheoryChapter 2; 1 lecture

Chemical Compounds

Chapter 3; 1-2 lectures

Chemical Reactions

Chapter 4; 1-2 lectures

Reactions in Aqueous Solutions

Chapter 5; 3 lectures

Gases


ThermochemistryChapter 7; 3 lectures

Electrons in Atoms



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Chem 5 Fall 2002

Questions:

If you have a question during lecture,please ask! Someone else is probably

wondering about the same point.


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Chemistry

What does the subject chemistry bring tomind?

Matter

Composition/Structure

Properties


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Chemistry

Matter(the stuff of chemistry) matter is physical material of universe

it is anything that has mass and occupies space

We will focus on matter composed ofelements from the periodic table


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Chemistry

Matter(the stuff of chemistry) matter is physical material of universe

it is anything that has mass and occupies space

We will focus on matter composed ofelements from the periodic table

Composition/Structure components of matter (e.g., atoms) and

relative proportions

how these components are connected in

together

PropertiesAttributes that we use to distinguish one

sample from another:

physical (e.g., hardness, color)

copper vs. silicon?

chemical (reactivity!)


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Chemical Properties & Change

What are chemical changes?

Chemical changes or reactions transform oneform of matter into different kinds with differentcompositions.

H2 H2/O2

H2O


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Chemical Properties & Change

What does chemical change imply aboutchemical properties?While reading a textbook of chemistry, I came upon the

statement nitric acid acts upon copper and I determined towhat this meant. In the interest of knowledge I was evenwilling to sacrifice one of the few copper cents then in my

possession. I put one of them on the table, opened a bottlelabeled nitric acid, poured some of the liquid on thecopper, and prepared to make an observation. But what wasthis wonderful thing I beheld? The cent was alreadychanged, and it was no small change either. A greenish-blueliquid foamed and fumed over the cent and over the table.The air became dark red. How could I stop this?.........

Ira Remsen, 1901

Compare Gold and Sodium?

Au + H2O

Na + H2O

Different substances react in different

ways have different chemical properties


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Classification of Matter

Mixtures and such?

matter

substance mixture

element compound

homgeneous heterogeneou

Atoms, molecules and such? Elements different types of atoms

Molecules & Macromolecules contain two ormore atoms

Can sample beseparated by

physical process?

No Yes

decomposed by

chemical process?

No Yes

uniform

throughout?

Yes No


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States of Matter Three common states of matter:

Solid

Liquid

Gas


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Density & Composition

What is difference between mass and

density?

extensive vs. intensive properties

density expectations?

Density is the mass in a unit volume of a

substance: density = mass/volume

Mass is an extensive property it depends onhow much.

Density is an intensive property it isindependent of the amount observed.


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Density: An Example

Vanadium Oxide, V2O5

Cool reaction of V2O5

1.0 g V2O5; ~0.30cm3 (ml)

Density = 1.0 g/0.30 cm3

=

1.0 g V2O550 g H2O2 in 50 ml

2.0 g hexadecyl amine

Density(initial) = 53 g/50 cm3

=

Density(final) = 53 g/?

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