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7/28/2019 L05_FaultModeling (5 days).ppt
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/l05faultmodeling-5-daysppt 1/18
Petrel workflow tools – 5 days introduction
course
Fault
Modeling
Pillar
Gridding
Zonation and
Layering
Facies
Modeling
Petrophysical
ModelingWell
Design
Volume
CalculationPlotting
Well
Correlation
Data Import
I n t r o
t o
P e t r e l
E
d i t I n p u t D a t a
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Fault Modeling Overview
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Fault Modeling Fault geometries
• Single faults
• Branching faults
• Crossing faults
• Faults dying out laterally
• Faults dying out vertically
• Reverse faults and normal faults• Vertical, linear, listric and curved
faults
• Truncating faults vertically -
various types
• Eroded faults
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Top Shape Point
Mid Shape Point
Base Shape Point
Line between Pillars
Fault Modeling Key Pillars
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Fault Modeling Fault shapes
Vertical fault Listric faultLinear fault Curved fault
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Fault sticks Digitize on surface
Digitize on 3D lines Digitize on X-sectionDigitize on seismic
Fault Modeling Input types
Polygons and/or well tops
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+ Shift
’Create fault from Fault
Polygons’
Fault Modeling Input - Fault polygons
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+ Shift
Fault Modeling Input - Fault sticks
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Fault Modeling Input – 2D grids
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Fault Modeling Input - Seismic
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Select entire Key Pillar
Select one shape point
Add new Key Pillar
between
Add new Key Pillar to end
Fault Modeling Editing Key Pillars
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Connect two faults
Disconnect faults
Fault Modeling Connecting faults
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Adjust shape points Adjust Key Pillars
Fault Modeling Connecting - Laterally
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Fault Modeling Automatic fault connection
The Extend distance is the
distance the faults are extended
to see if they reach and intersect
other faults
The Remove distance is the
minimum distance between two
inserted Key Pillars
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Fault Modeling Tying to well cuts
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Fault Modeling Philosophy of Key Pillar editing; Summary
Philosophy:
• Use as few Key Pillars as possible.• Use as few shape points as possible.
• Use enough Key Pillars and shape points to define the fault’s
form.
Remember:
• If the fault is not right and you must edit, the more pillars andshape points you have the harder those edits will be!
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Fault Modeling Summary
Fault modeling in Petrel is a drawing process where files representing fault data areused to define the initial form of the fault. The user creates these faults by using Key
Pillars. This is a roughly vertical line in the plane of the fault that is defined by 2, 3, or 5 points (shape points). A series of Key Pillars joined together laterally define theshape and aerial extent of a fault.
Once the Key Pillars are defined and joined for all faults, pillar gridding is performedwith only the Key Pillars used as fault input. This creates the 3D framework of cells.Each corner of a stack of cells is referred to as a pillar. These pillars are not the KeyPillars used to define the faults (although a few select Key Pillars are used in the final
set of pillars) but are very close to those starting pillars.
From this discussion it can be seen that fault models in Petrel approximate the input fault data but never actually use that data in the final construction of the fault models.Rather, the Key Pillars (an approximation of the data) are used to build the faultsurfaces in the final 3D grid. This normally does not create problems as long as theKey Pillars have been built to accurately represent the original data. A benefit of thisapproach is that when multiple data sources are available for the same fault and those
sources are in conflict with one another, those conflicts are not reflected in the final fault model.
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Fault Modeling
Exercise