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KU-BAND V-SAT

KU-Band

Ku Band VSAT

The Ku band ("kay-yoo" K-under band) is a portion of the electromagnetic

spectrum in the microwave range of frequencies from 11 to 18 GHz. BSNL Ku band

service works on:

- 11.637 GHz downlink frequency

- 14.437 GHz uplink frequency

Presently Ku Band Hub (Gateway) uses INSAT-3B satellite to provide

broadband packet-switched communications to a large number of user terminals.

VSAT technology is a secure and reliable medium to connect geographically

dispersed locations and represents a cost effective solution for users seeking an

independent communication network connecting to the global network. In a situation

where other connectivity options are not feasible, Ku Band VSAT offer value added

satellite based services capable of supporting internet, Local Area Network, voice,

Fax and can also provide powerful dependable private communication solutions.

What is VSAT?VSAT stands for Very Small Aperture Terminal. VSAT is a small earth station

which provides a communication link required to setup a satellite based

communication network. It is a small satellite dish diameter is typically 1.2-1.8 meters

for Ku-band systems that is capable of both receiving and sending satellite signals.

VSAT systems can be designed to serve both broadcast and interactive applications

whether data, voice or video, which are now being served by terrestrial lines.

VSAT Equipment is mainly consist of-

ODU ( Outdoor Unit )

IDU ( Indoor Unit )

Outdoor Unit (ODU):The outdoor unit system is specifically optimized for use with the Indoor Unit and

consists of:

Antenna (0.75m - 1.8m)

Block Upconverter (BUC) (1W-2W)

Low Noise Block-Downconverter (LNB)

Feed Assembly (Co-pol or X-pol)

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KU-Band

BUC :

Block Up Converter; Up converts and amplifies modem information for

transmission to the satellite. A BUC (Block Up-Converter) takes an L- band input

and transmits it upstream to the satellite on Ka, Ku, or C band.(1W,2W,4W BUC)

LNB :

Low Noise Block Down Converter; Down converts and amplifies signals

received from the satellite to the modem or receiver. In addition to amplifying the

signal, the LNB also converts the signal to a frequency usable by the In-Door-

Unit.

IDU ( Indoor Unit )• High Performance Satellite Terminal:

• Download speeds of up to 4 Mbps

• Upload speeds of up to 2 Mbps

• Flexible Interfaces:

• Ethernet 10/100 BaseT (RJ45)

• USB 1.1

• 100-240 V AC Power Supply

• -48 V DC,12 VDC Power SupplyVSAT ARCHITECTUREBRBRAITT JABALPUR Issue March - 07 2

ODU

IDU (IPX-5100)

Dish Power

LAN Link

Ethernet

SyncFeed horn

LNB

BUC

KU-Band

VSAT networks can be arranged in point to point, star, mesh, star/mesh, and

broadcast configurations. The preferred arrangement depends on the kind of

information flow the network will service. VSAT networks come in various shapes and

sizes ranging from star data system users with one site connected to an operator's

shared hub to many thousands based on a dedicated facility located at their own site.

Mesh systems have traditionally been somewhat smaller in size than star systems

- 5 to 30 sites used to be a good rule of thumb - but the average size of orders has

risen as prices have come down and some rural telephony networks now comprise

as many as several hundred or even thousands of sites.

A point to point network allows two-way communications between two VSAT

sites. A star network allows any number of VSAT sites to have two-way

communication with a central hub. A mesh network allows two-way communications

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KU-Band

between any VSAT sites in a network. A central hub is not necessary. Each site

communicates to another site with a single satellite hop.

There are three basic VSAT transmission types: TDMA, time-division multiple

access; DAMA, demand-assigned multiple access; and SPCP/MCPC, single/multiple

channels per carrier. Interactive VSAT systems come in two main network topologies

- star and mesh. The former tends to be based either on a shared access scheme

(TDM/TDMA), which is designed to support transactional processing applications, or

on a dedicated link (the satellite equivalent to a leased line). The latter usually uses

links which are set-up and torn-down on request to establish a direct link between

two sites on a demand assigned basis. Ku Band HUB (Earth Station) at

BANGALORE consists of :

1. Satellite antenna of 8.1 m – Cassegrain feed type.

2. Ku Band RF equipment and its control systems.

3. GATEWAY Networking Equipment with interfaces to Terrestrial Networks like

MLLN, MPLS and NIB.

VSAT SERVICES OFFERED

VSAT is an ideal satellite network that provides communications support for a

wide range of applications:

-Voice Application

-Facsimile

-E-learning

- Financial Management

- Data processing

- Reservation System

- Telemetry & Data Collection

- News Wire Services

- Private-Line Voice

- Virtual Private Networks

- Distance Education

- High Speed Internet Access

- Telemedicine

-Voice over IP Telephony

-Broadcast and Multicast

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KU-Band

High speed Broadband Internet

Satellite Terminals provides robust Broadband/Internet network of BSNL by

providing high speed Internet directly to the users with a nationwide coverage.

It delivers bandwidth on demand allowing efficient use of bandwidth making it

ideal for broadband access rollout to Small and Medium Enterprises (SMEs), public

Internet users (such as Internet Cafes / Browsing Centres), Apartments and

individual users.

It provides similar broadband and high speed Internet capabilities available on

BSNL

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KU-Band

Video Conferencing

based networks. By delivering these attributes BSNL's video conferencing

solution is unmatched. Video conferencing solution can be used for corporate

meetings, technical support functions, distance learning, telemedicine, job recruiting

interviews, direct-sales, legal work, telecommuting, and manufacturing.

Supports Client/Server based video conferencing with MPEG-4 protocol.

Flexible data speeds ranging from 64, 128, 256, 384 kbps and above

Broadcast and Multicast features - Supports both Point-to-Point and Point-to-

Multipoint conferencing.

Ideal for mass corporate training, internal corporate TV Broadcasting and e-

learning using Broadcast and Multicast features

VSAT TERMINAL FEATURES

Maximum Trans / Receive Data upto 2 Mbps with 10/100 Mbps Base-T

SERVICES OFFERED

Leased Lines through VSAT on IP platform: 4Kbps onwards

High speed Broadband Internet

VPN Networking

VoIP Telephony

Facsimile

Telemedicine

E-learning

IP multicasting, Video Conferencing, Video Streaming

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KU-Band

DIGITAL SATELLITE PHONE TERMINAL (DSPT)

Introduction:

Digital Satellite Phone Terminal System (DSPT system or DSPS) project involves

setting up a VSAT (Very Small Aperture Terminal) Based network for BSNL. The

system consists of HUB Station and Remote Digital Satellite Phone Terminals

working in Ku-Band (Transmit Frequency is 13.75-14.5 GHz and Receive is 10.7-

12.75 GHz). DSPT Network provides PSTN connectivity to rural, remote,

inaccessible and hilly areas via INSAT (Indian National Satellite) or leased

transponder for DTS network. The VSAT system works in a star topology using

DAMA (Demand Assigned Multiple Access) technology. For BSNL VSAT network the

Hub shall be located at Sikanderabad (A.P.), adjoining Delhi, in Uttar-Pradesh and

there shall be 15000 DSPT remotes located over several states in India with higher

proportions being in North, North East and East provinces.

Typical Network Configuration of DSPT system

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KU-Band

Overview of DSPT HUB:

The Hub of DSPT system will be composed of Indoor and Outdoor facilities. The

outdoor facility is a complete Antenna and RF path while the indoor comprises the

Hub Base-band and the other equipments:

The Hub of DSPT system comprises of Indoor facilities and Outdoor facilities.

Indoor facilities: Indoor facilities has following components,

a. Hub Base-band

b. Transit switch.

In the Indoor facility consists of redundant Hub-base band unit, a Transit switch to

provide connectivity to PSTN network, associated Data-Base servers, Billing system

consisting of Billing system Hardware and software, the data networking equipment

consisting Firewall, web-server, Authentication server and router to provide backend

connectivity to the Internet. The base-band and remotes have a NMS and its

database to configure and manage the entire VSAT-based network.

Outdoor facilities:

a. Antenna (8.1 Meter antenna assembly): In the Outdoor facility has an Extended

motion antenna assembly, which is controlled by 3-phase Elevation and Azimuth

motors. The Antenna consists of a Cass-grain Feed Horn with Hyperbolic dish at

focus of antenna.

b. RF path: RF path consists of Transmit chain and Receive chain.

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KU-Band

Transmit chain consists of

-ULPC (Up Link Power Control),

- Up Converter and

- SSPA (Solid State Power Amplifier) and

Receive chain consists of

- Trance reject filter,

- Radar reject filter,

- LNA (Low Noise Amplifier),

- Power divider and Down converter.

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