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8/11/2019 Kuwait Evaluating the Kuwaiti Wastewater Development Strategy
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Evaluating The Kuwaiti Wastewater Development
Strategy
Eng. Adel Al- saffarSection Head Of Sulaibiya WWTRP BOT PROJECT
Eng. Abdullah Al-Onaizi
Electrical Engineer BOT PROJECT
STATE OF KUWAIT
MINISTRY OF PUBLIC WORKS
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Key topics to be addressed:
1- Summary about State of Kuwait
2- The sector responsible for sanitation in the State of Kuwait3- Sewage system and networks
4- Wastewater treatment plants in the State of Kuwait
5- private sector involvement in infrastructure projects
6 the full re-use of treated wastewater (TSE)
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Introd
uction
toKuwait
State of Kuwait has a land area of17,818 km2
The population of Kuwait is 3.6million (June 2010)
About 98% of population live within
Kuwait Metropolitan Area, 810 km2
or 4.5% of total area
Kuwait is the only country in theworld without natural lakes orperennial rivers
Climate of Kuwait is dry, hot desertand annual evaporation farexceeds rainfall average of 125mmper year
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Introduction
toKuw
ait
Kuwait is part of a large regional desert
situated at low altitude.
Average diurnal temperature is 33C,
but drops as low as -3C in January.
Maximum temperature is 52C.
Annual rainfall is between 25 mm and
175 mm, most of this falling between
October and March. Winter also brings
fierce dust storms.
The harsh climate and the rapid growth
of demand on fresh water resources
due to increasing urbanization and
agricultural projects, leads to search
for alternative sources of water.
Population increase results in growing
volumes of municipal wastewater. This
leads to health and environmental
problems if not treated properly.
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Competence and responsibilities
The Ministry of Public Works
Study and design, construction and maintenance:
Roads and bridges Infrastructure for residential areas
Rain and sanitation networks and facilities
Various governmentalfacilities and buildings
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Sanitary Engineering Sector
The sanitary engineering sector in the Ministry of Public
Works is in charge of Wastewater Management and
the preparation of technical studies and technicalassistance to develop the facility and construction of
all projects related to the renewal of sewerage systems
and improving the performance of transfer stations
and collection and water treatment, and raising theefficiency of capacity of the networks to meet the rates
of population growth and urbanization and the steady
increase in the numbers of the population
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Per capita consumption of water in the Stateof Kuwait, compared with some of the world
Wateruseingallonspercapitaper
day
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Freshwater consumption in Kuwait
85%
residential area
utilities
industry
CommercialAgriculture
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0
500
1000
1500
2000
2500
2000 2005 2010 2015 2020 2025
m
illioncubicmetresperyear
Continued growing demand for fresh waterwill double production in 2025 to four timesthe current production
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Pollutants in Raw Sewage
Raw domestic sewage consists of physical andchemical compounds, microbes and viruses.
The physical compounds can be divided into99.9% water and 0.1% solids (pollutants). The
solids can by divided into dissolved solids (75%- 65%) and suspended solids (25% - 35%) whichare 50% settle-able suspended solids and 50%non settle-able solids.
The chemical compounds can be grouped into30% inorganic compounds such as salts, metals,grit and sand.
Remaining 70% are Organic Compounds suchas fats, carbohydrates and proteins.
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Desalination
Ground water
Water Reuse
WATER RESOURCES
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Desalination.
The installed desalination capacityexceeds 3000 million m3 yearly.
Representing about 50% of Worlds
desalination capacity.
Covers about 90% of thedomestic/industrial demand.
GCC capital investments for past twodecades is us $ 16 billion.
GCC needed investments for coming 20
years is about us $ 50 billion.
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Ground Water
Provides Majority Of Total Water Demand inGCC
Excessive withdrawal from aquifers in thepast years at a rate exceeding the naturalreplenishment led to :
Depletion.
Increase in the capital and operationalcost.
Increase in salinity.
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Waste Water Reuse
Solves two problems :
Environmental Pollution
Water Resource Deficit
Available in different alternatives: Secondary,
Tertiary, UF & RO.
Various applications depending on treatmentlevel
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Sewage Treatment
Sewage treatment is traditionally divided into the following stages:
Primary treatment, which is based on physical operations such as screening, de-
gritting and odour control.
Secondary treatment, which is biological treatment using activated sludge and
performed in bioreactors (aeration tanks) and classifiers.
Tertiary treatment, which applies physical and chemical operations such as
filtration and chlorination.
RO treatment, which applies ultra and micro filtration using Reverse Osmosis.
Sludge treatment, which applies physical and biological treatment operations such
as thickeners and digesters (aerobic).
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The Sewerage System in Kuwait
Th t & f t t t i
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The present & future strategiesfor the sanitary sector
A Replacement of deterred pipes(asbestos) with a better quality pipes that
have longer life time which can reaches 50years and over and can resists theaggressive soil from outside and the highlypolluted sewage from inside.
B - Replacing the old concrete manholeswith new lined manholes which can resistthe aggressive nature of the gases thatemissions from the sewage.
Renovation of old network as follows:
Th & f i
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C - Improving the slope of the sewer pipes in the hole network to gain thefollowing :
1- Faster flow inside the pipe (self cleaning).
2-Deleting old lifting and pumping stationsto reduce the operation , maintains andodor problems.
3-Constracting new 6 huge pumping stationswhich will replace the 21 old pumpingstations and there related lifting stations.
The present & future strategies
for the sanitary sector
N D T l S
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New Deep Tunnel Sewers
and Pumping Stations
Four main sub-catchments will be served by
the new system
1. Mishref PS Serves areas to the south and
east of the City centre and transfers sewage
to Ardiya PS and on to Sulaibiya SewageTreatment Plant (STP)
2. Riggae PS Serves areas to the north and
east of the city centre and also transfers to
the Ardiya/Sulaibiya system
3. Egaila PS Serves the south of the KuwaitMunicipal Area and transfers sewage to the
Riqqa STP.
4. Jahra PS Serves the Jahra catchment and
will transfer sewage to Kabd STP
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FUTUER SEWAGE NETWORK
MAIN GRAVITY LINES 100 Km
MAIN PRESSURE LINES 120 Km
NORTH
A7
Mishref
Egaila
Ardiya
JAHRA
PUMP
Sulaibiya
WWTWKABED
WWTW
Um Hyman
WWTW
MAIN PUMPING STATIOS (5)
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Jahra STP
Sulaibiya STP
Umm Al Hayman STP
Riqqa STP
Al Wafra STP
Failaka STP
Al Khiran STP
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Riqqa STP
Umm Al Hayman STP
SulaibiyaSTP
Al Khiran STP
Jahra STP
Sewage Treatment Plants in Kuwait
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KABD TREATMENT
PLANT
JAHRA
PUMPING
STATION
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Riqqa STP (Tertiary)
Treatment capacity 180,000 m3/day, currently receiving 220,000
m3/day. Under current Master Plan, sewage flows will be transferred
to new Umm Al Hayman STP by 2015.
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Umm Al Hayman STP (Tertiary)
Current treatment capacity of
27,000 m3/day and treating
20,000 m3/day.
Under the current Master Plan
this site will be expanded to
treat up to 650,000 m3/day.
Extensive Treated Sewage
Effluent (TSE) network proposed
for expanded works
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Sulaibiya STP, Reverse Osmosis
Sulaibiya is the largest STP in the world that uses Reverse Osmosis
(RO) technology as an advanced treatment for wastewater
Treated wastewater produced is potable water quality standard
and it treats 425,000 m3/day. The plant could be further expandedto treat a maximum of 600,000 m3/day.
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Sulaibiya STP(RO)
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RO Plant: 42 x 72 x 7 = 21,168 elements
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Quantity of Treated Wastewater, 2010
STP Site Wastewater
Received
TSE produced RO Product
Water
produced
Wastewater
converted to re-
usable product
m3/d m3/d m3/d %
Sulaibiya 430,000 - 340,000 80
Umm Al
Hayman
20,000 20,000 - 100
Riqqa 230,000 230,000 - 100
Jahra 120,000 120,000 - 100
Al Khiran 300 300 - 100
TOTAL 800,300 370,300 340,000 89
MEW
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Quality of Treated Wastewater, 2010
Parameter UNIT INFLOW TERTIARY R.O
Parameters
of irrigation
water
MEW
Parameters
of Drinking
water
PH 6.5- 8 6.5- 7.5 6-8 6.58 6.87.5
Conductivity s/cm 1200- 3000 1100- 2200 1500 515T.S.S. mg/L 100- 500 < 10 < 1 15 _
V.S.S. mg/L 70- 350 < 7.0 < 1 _ _
C.O.D. mg/L 250- 750 < 40 100 _
B.O.D 5 mg/L 100- 400 < 10 < 1 20 _
Grease & Oil mg/L 10- 50 NIL < 0.05 5 _
T.D.S. mg/L 700- 1800 800- 1500 < 100 _ 400
Chloride mg/L 200- 400 200- 400 _ 103
Ammonia mg/L 15- 50 1- 5 < 1 15 _
Nitrite mg/L 0.04- 0.7 0.1- 1.5 < 1 _ _
Total Count colony/100mL 2.40E+09 1E+03 NIL _ NIL
T.Coli colony/100mL 3.20E+08 400 NIL 400 NIL
F.Coli colony/100mL 4.10E+07 0 - 10 NIL 20 NIL
Salmonella colony/100mL 4.50E+06 NIL NIL _ NIL
Streptococci colony/100mL 1.40E+07 NIL NIL _ NIL
-
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WATER PARAMETERS
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Characteristics of treated wastewater
used for Irrigation
The quality of treated wastewater used for irrigation in
agriculture and landscaping falls within the standard limits laid
down by Kuwait EPA and Kuwait MPW.
Sulaibiya recycling plant is designed to comply with Kuwait EPAstandards, that are in line with other agricultural water reuse
standards such as USEPA standard
Product Water contains zero bacteria count
Product water contains lower levels of organics, solids andammonia than those required by potable water standards
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Reuse of Treated Wastewater
Treated wastewater (TSE) provides both moisture and
nutrients for the growth of plants and other vegetation.
Reuse of treated wastewater for irrigation and landscaping
has proved to be an important and alternate source forirrigation and other uses in Kuwait.
The volume of wastewater is estimated to be 70 to 80 % of
the potable water consumption by the population.
Treated wastewater is available to different standards inKuwait; Tertiary & RO Product Water
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Evolution of Wastewater Reuse
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Water Reuse in Kuwait
Solves two problems:
Environmental Pollution
Introduction of new strategic water source
Various Applications depending on treatment level
Seeking new applications for reuse, Sewer Cleaning?
Current Demand for TSE exceeds the available supply
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Distribution of Treated Water
Due to the huge demand for treated wastewater in different
areas in the State of Kuwait, it was necessary to construct
extensive TSE distribution networks as shown in the
following slides.
The TSE network consists of DMC (Data Monitoring Centre),
holding tanks of different sizes, pumping stations and long
pipelines of various diameters.
As a result of providing treated wastewater, a decrease in the
demand for freshwater has been noticed.
At the same time, the demand for the treated water
increased to a point that demand at this moment is more
than the available supply.
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KuwaitBorder
BubiyanIsland
FailakaIsland
N
Project A: 8 MIGD
Project B: 26 MIGD(B1&B2)
Project C: 16 MIGD
40 MIGD
40 MIGD
Project D: 25 MIGD
20 MIGD: Z Farms
0.5 MIGD scientific club
1.1 MIGDHunting & Chivalry Club
1 MIGDCivil AviationKuwait
Airport
1.5 MIGD Alshohada Farm
2 MIGD West Fintas
3.6 MIGD Umm Al Hayman
0.1 MIGD Omari & Rabiya Farm Future Projects :
Different Projects : Ongoing Projects :
DMC
Abdally
Farms
Wafra
Farms
Um-al Ramam Lake
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TSE Pipelines
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One TSE gravity DI pipeline(1100mm Dia) from Jahra
STP to Reservoirs in DMC.
TSE Pipelines
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Four effluent GRP pipelines (1400mm Dia) fromSulaibiya WWTP toReservoirs in DMC.
TSE Pipelines
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Uses of Treated Wastewater
Government of Kuwait is committed to make urban and suburban areas
greener and to encourage Agricultural Projects such as:
Beautification all over Kuwait with Landscaping
Crops and Alfalfa Locations :
~ Al Wafra Farms (RO) - (Crops)
~ Al Abdally Farms (RO) - (Crops)
~ Al Mutahida (Tertiary) - Alfalfa
~ Al Rabya (Tertiary)
~ Artificial lagoons: Um-Al Ramam Lake
Two Golf Courses, one built to International PGA Standards
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Treated Wastewater
Usage in Kuwait
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Golf Courses
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Golf course/Race track
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Alfalfa Farms
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Crops Strategic Projects Currently
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Strategic Projects Currently
Being Delivered
Agreement No. EF/S/121 Kuwait Sanitary
Master Plan. This project will deliver a
strategy for the development of Kuwaits
sanitary system until 2045. The Master Plan
will incorporate strategy related to the
development of sewers, pumping stations
and sewage treatment plants, as well as the
interaction with final effluent distribution
and sludge management. Agreement No. EF/S/83 Rehabilitation and
Improvement of Sewerage and
Infrastructure in Jleeb Al-Shuyoukh, Phase
XIII.
Strategic Projects currently
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Strategic Projects currently
being Tendered
Agreement No. EF/S/87 for Rehabilitation and Improvement of
Sewerage and Infrastructure in Al-Andalus, Gernata, Sabah Al-
Nasser Areas, Phase XV
Financial Models for Future Projects
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Financial Models for Future Projects
Private Sector Involvement
State of Kuwait keen to include Private sector to deliver Mega Projects in thecurrent 5-year Development Plan, 32 Projects identified
Law No. 7 of 2008 provides for Project Implementation through Public PrivatePartnerships (PPP), will raise Capital and Boost Efficiency
Partnerships Technical Bureau (PTB) established in 2008 under Decree No. 146to deliver PPP projects in Kuwait
Projects classified into 3 categories:
Less than KD 60 million (US $ 215 million)
Between KD 60-250 million (US $ 215-900 million)
More than KD 250 million
Current list of Mega Projects include:
Kuwait Metro and Rail
Roads Master Plan
Expansion of Kuwait International Airport
Development of Failaka Island
Az Zour Independent Water and Power Production
New Umm Al Hayman Sewage Treatment Plant
Financial Models for Future Projects
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Financial Models for Future Projects
Private Sector Involvement
New Umm Al Hayman STP procured through PPP
Ultimate capacity of new STP will be 650,000 m3/day
Cost of new Umm Al Hayman STP and related worksis about KD 450 million (US$ 1.6 Billion)
Related Works includes comprehensive TSENetwork
Transaction Advisory Services being tendered now
New STP and TSE Network will be operational by2015
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Summary
Water supplies are being put under increasing stress due topopulation, drought and per capita usage increase
Traditional view is that water is an inexpensive and freelyavailable product, this needs to be changed
Current Kuwait Sanitary Master Plan project is identifying thestrategy for expanding Kuwaits wastewater network and
treatment for the next 35 years
Kuwaits effluent reuse strategy involve TSE for beautification
as well as RO product water for crop irrigation
85% of Kuwaits wastewater is recycled into a reusable product.Current Demand exceeds Supply of TSE and RO product water
Economic restrictions on development of new facilities meansPPP is becoming a more attractive procurement method fordelivering the new Kuwaiti wastewater development facilities
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In Conclusion
The State of Kuwait currently Reuses all its treated wastewater
Major new wastewater treatment plant is planned for Umm AlHayman
Umm Al Hayman STP includes an extensive TSE network in thesouth in order to ensure total Reuse of all TSE produced
Private sector involvement in the delivery of Umm Al Hayman STPwill be sought through PPP
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Water Reuse represents a Genuine Water Resource that
Makes Perfect nvironmental and conomic Sense
hank you
for your kind attention