Kuliah 2, aromatheraphy

7/29/2019 Kuliah 2, aromatheraphy

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AromatherapyAdvanced Pharmaceutical Compounding


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Definition

Aromatherapy acts upon holistic principles

to awaken and strengthen energies and to

promote self-healing.


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History

Used for 5,000 years

1922 - Cayola & Garri demonstrated the

beneficial effects of essential oils on the

nervous system

Measured blood pressure & breathing

frequency Observed antibacterial properties


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Sources

Globules within or on the surface of plant

tissue

Produced by plants to attract beneficial

insects or detract harmful ones

Protects plants from infections


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Types of Oils

Vegetal oils and butters

Derived from seeds, nuts, fruits, and vegetables

Primarily used as carrier oil to dilute essential

oils

Examples

Cocoa butter, corn oil, coconut oil, olive oil, castoroil


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Types of Oils

Essential oils

Fragrant oils extracted from herbs, flowers, and

trees considered to be the essence of the plant

Examples

Lavender, camphor, eucalyptus, citronella, patchouli


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Compounding


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Types of Oils

Infused oils

Produced from plant materials that are extracted

with heat into a carrier oil medium

used for plants that yield very small amounts

Examples: aloe vera, arnica, calendula


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Uses

Anti-inflammatory (chamomile, lavender)

Antiseptic (thyme, ylang ylang)

Appetite stimulator (citrus oils)

Carminitive (rosemary,cascarilla bark)

Choleretic (wild thyme) Circulation stimulator (eucalyptus)

Deodorizer (patchouli)


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Compounding


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Compounding


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Uses

Expectorant (tea tree, eucalyptus)

Insecticide (citronella)

Sedative (valerian)


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Routes of Administration

Oral

Transdermal

Inhalation


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Oral

Bitter tasting

May irritate mucosal lining

Often formulated as capsules

Use only under supervision of experienced

practitioners

Continuous ingestion for long duration

leads to hepatotoxicity


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Transdermal

Avoids first pass effect

Lipid solubility allows for better penetration

of skin and BBB

Easy penetration: behind ears, eyelids,

inside wrist > soles, palms, forehead, scalp,

armpits > legs, buttocks, trunk, abdomen


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Compounding


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Methods of Transdermal

Administration

Compresses

Gargles/mouthwashes Sprays

Baths/Sitz baths

Massage


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Inhalation

Most common and effective route

Regarded as true aromatherapy

Incidence of adverse effects rare


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Methods of Inhalation

Aroma lamp

Humidifier

Facial steam baths

Tissues

Cotton swabs

Hands

Spray bottles

Vaporizers/diffusers


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Storage

Store in amber bottles

Avoid extreme temperature

Avoid exposure to air

Most oils may lose potency after one year

Exceptions: jasmine, patchouli, rose,

sandalwood, rosewood


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Healing Oil for Varicose Veins

Juniper 20 gtts

Cypress 20 gtts

Lemon 10 gtts

Mix 3.5 fluid ounces of calendula oil with

the above essential oils

Rub into affected area

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Kuliah 2, aromatheraphy