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the UID scheme at an estimated cost of Rs.8,814.75 crore which subsumes the

earlier approval of Rs.3,023.01 crore that comprises costs for issue of 20 crore

Aadhaar numbers through Multiple Registrars upto March 2012 and its printing

and delivery.

...................................................................................................................... What is

UIDAI? The Unique Identification Authority` of India (UIDAI) was established in

2009 and has been mandated to issue Unique Identification numbers to the

residents of India. The UID project is primarily aimed at ensuring inclusive growth

by providing a form of identity to those who do not have any identity. It seeks to

provide UID numbers to the marginalized sections of society and thus would

strengthen equity. Apart from providing identity, the UID will enable better

delivery of services and effective governance. What is AADHAR? Aadhaar is a 12

digit individual identification number issued by the Unique Identification

Authority of India on behalf of the Government of India. This number will serve as

a proof of identity and address, anywhere in India. Any individual, irrespective of

age and gender, who is a resident in India and satisfies the verification process

laid down by the UIDAI can enroll for Aadhaar. Each Aadhaar number will be

unique to an individual and will remain valid for life. Aadhaar number will help the

person to provide access to services like banking, mobile phone connections and

other Government and Non-Government services in due course. UIDAI RecentControversy.... UIDAI was constituted by the Government of India in January,

2009 as an attached office of the Planning Commission which has been authorised

to collect biometric data, has collected information from upto 200 million

residents and has been seeking an extension of its mandate. Whereas the

Registrar General of India (RGI) under the Home Ministry has also been tasked to

collect biometric data through the National Population Register as proposed in

Census 2011 and need to send that data to the UIDAI for de-duplication and

generation of Aadhar numbers. The problem had arisen because the HomeMinistry felt that the data collected by the UIDAI was not secure, and had not

been verified by a government servant. While the RGI has actually visited

households, the UIDAI has invited people to come to designated centres, where

the data collection has been done by hired organisations. This created a


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controversy that which authority is responsible for collecting data so that

duplication of work can be avoided and secure data can be obtained.

.. 1. The World Economic Forum is the global community of business,

political, intellectual and other leaders of society who are committed for

improving the state of the world. 2. The Forum aims at providing member

companies, governments and institutions the opportunity to work together to

address global challenges. 3. The Forum was founded in 1971 by Klaus Schwab, a

German-born business professor at the University of Geneva. 4. Originally named

as the "European Management Forum", changed to the World Economic Forum in

1987 and sought to broaden its vision further to include providing a platform for

resolving international conflicts. 5. The Forums headquarters are located on the

outskirts of Geneva in a town called Cologny. 6. It has three main governing

bodies: Foundation Board, International Business Council, and Managing Board. 7.

The Foundation Board, which has overall responsibility for establishing the long

term direction and objectives of the Forum, and which is comprised of

international public and private sector leaders. 8. The International Business

Council, which acts as an advisory body providing intellectual stewardship to the

Forum. 9. The Managing Board, which is the in-house management teamresponsible for the executive oversight and management of the activities and

resources of the Forum. 10. The Annual Meet 2012 held recently at Davos

(Switzerland) with a theme The Great Transformation: Shaping New Models.

In the wake of Thailand PM Yingluck Shinawatras Indias visit and her being

chief guest on R-Day ceremony, what can be the future possibilities strategic and

economic association of India with Thailand? And how much successful India willbe in strengthening its regional association with South East Asian and South Asian

nations with its Look East policy

Saffron And National Saffron Mission:


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Saffron is a spice derived from the flower of crocus commonly know as saffron

crocus.

Uses:

* Medicinal use in pharmaceutical industry.

* Used in perfumes and confetinary.

* Used in cooking around the world, to add taste and color.

Location:

In india it is mainly grown in the state of J&K and confined to the areas of

Pampore and Kistawara and other places as well.

Production:

* In 1990's the total area under saffron was 7000 hectares with an average

productivity of 10kg per hectare. Total annual production was around 40 tonnes.

* Presently the total area under saffron cultivation has been reduced to 3600

hectares and average productivity has decreased to 2kg per hectare which has

brought down the production around 12 tonnes per year.

National Saffron Mission:

* It is a centrally sponsered scheme launched by govt. of India in nov. 2010 for the

state of J&K.

* 367 crore rupees have been allocated for this scheme.

* As per this scheme 128 tube wells and distribution of 3715 sprinkle sets will be

done.

* Rupees 25000 per kanal will be given to the formers for replacemet of seedlings

and land preparations.

* weeders and Hotair dryess are being provided on 50% subsidy.


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* vermi composite units are being provided with assistance of 30000 rupees per

unit.

Recent government report states that there has been a 400 per cent

increase in counterfeit transactions in Indians financial channels.Even though

fake currency problem is not at an alarming level still it is a cause of concern.What

are the security features available in our currency.And what are the possible

measures that can be taken to curb this menace.

Besides the composition of UNSC, what are the reforms which India

is seeking in the working methods of the institution?

When was NRI voting allowed in India? What are the benefits to

India if NRIs vote in the Union and State elections? I feel that to give NRIs the

privelege of voting as a means of bringing in more investment from NRIs is not a

strong basis. It will further alienate the political class from the common man

struggling to survive in this country....

##CARBON CREDIT###

Carbon dioxide, the most important greenhouse gas produced by combustion of

fuels, has become a cause of global panic as its concentration in the Earth's

atmosphere has been rising alarmingly

Carbon credits are a part of international emission trading norms. They incentivise

companies or countries that emit less carbon. The total annual emissions are

capped and the market allocates a monetary value to any shortfall through

trading. Businesses can exchange, buy or sell carbon credits in international

markets at the prevailing market price.

India and China are likely to emerge as the biggest sellers and Europe is going to


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be the biggest buyers of carbon credits

**What is carbon credit?***

***kyoto Protocol: A mechanism under which countries that have been emitting

more carbon and other gases (greenhouse gases include ozone, carbon dioxide,

methane, nitrous oxide and even water vapour) have voluntarily decided that

they will bring down the level of carbon they are emitting to the levels of early

1990s.

A company has two ways to reduce emissions. One, it can reduce the GHG

(greenhouse gases) by adopting new technology or improving upon the existing

technology to attain the new norms for emission of gases. Or it can tie up with

developing nations and help them set up new technology that is eco-friendly,

thereby helping developing country or its companies 'earn' credits.

India, China and some other Asian countries have the advantage because they are

developing countries. Any company, factories or farm owner in India can get

linked to United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change and know the

'standard' level of carbon emission allowed for its outfit or activity. The extent towhich I am emitting less carbon (as per standard fixed by UNFCCC) I get credited

in a developing country. This is called carbon credit.

***How does it work in real life?

Assume that British Petroleum is running a plant in the United Kingdom. Say, that

it is emitting more gases than the accepted norms of the UNFCCC. It can tie up

with its own subsidiary in, say, India or China under the Clean Development

Mechanism. It can buy the 'carbon credit' by making Indian or Chinese plant moreeco-savvy with the help of technology transfer. It can tie up with any other

company like Indian Oil , or anybody else, in the open market.

***What is Clean Development Mechanism?

Under the CDM you can cut the deal for carbon credit. Under the UNFCCC,


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charter any company from the developed world can tie up with a company in the

developing country that is a signatory to the Kyoto Protocol. These companies in

developing countries must adopt newer technologies, emitting lesser gases, and

save energy.

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