KS4 Respiration

5/19/2018 KS4 Respiration

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KS4 Biology

Respiration


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Contents

Respiration

Anaeroi! respiration

S"##ary a!ti$ities

Releasing energy

Rate of respiration

Aeroi! respiration


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%nergy for life

Every living cell in your body needs energy& The average

adult has about 50 million million cells thats a lot of energy!

In body cells, the energy needed for life comes from the

chemical energy stored in gl"!ose&

energy

Where does all this energy come from?


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'(at is needed for releasing energy)

What other s"stan!eis needed for energy to be releasedfrom this fuel?

urning is a chemical reaction in hich energyis released

in the form of heat&

)f"el o*ygen


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'(at does t(e ody need for releasing energy)

The bodys energy"releasing #rocess de#ends on the

digesti$e syste#and the reat(ing syste#$

%o does the bodys energy"releasing #rocess com#are

ith releasing energy from ood?

What are the substances su##lied by these systems?

) ))

gl"!oseis the f"el

su##lied bythe digestive system

o*ygeno*ygen

is su##lied bythe breathing system


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,l"!oseand o*ygenenter the body

in different ays,

Where are these substances needed

and ho do they get there?

&lucose and o'ygen are

trans#orted around the body

by the !ir!"latory syste#$

Bloodfloing in blood vesselsta(es these im#ortant substances

to here they are needed the

ody-s !ells$

.ransport aro"nd t(e ody

but are needed at

the same destinations$


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In the bodys cells, the chemical energy stored in gl"!ose

is usually released by a chemical reaction ith o*ygen$

.(e ody-s energyreleasing pro!ess

What is this energy"releasing #rocess called?

gl"!oseo*ygen

energy

respiration

Why does every living cell need a constant su##ly of

glucose and o'ygen?


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Contents

Respiration


S"##ary a!ti$ities

Releasing energy

Rate of respiration

Aeroi! respiration


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)es#iration is the #rocess used by the bodys cells

to release the chemical energy stored in glucose$

When o*ygen is involved in this energy"releasing #rocess,

it is called aeroi! respiration$

What do you thin( aerobic means?

*erobic res#iration is an effi!ient pro!essthat generates

enough energy to su##ly the hole body$

+ur bodies #erform aerobic res#iration most of the time,

as long as the su##ly of o'ygen remains high enough$

'(at is aeroi! respiration)

aeroi! wit( o*ygen-


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'aste prod"!ts of aeroi! respiration

Breat(ing inobtains the o'ygen needed for aerobic

res#iration$%o does the body get rid of the aste #roducts?

Breat(ing o"tremoves the aste #roducts of aerobicres#iration$

%o can the aste #roducts of this reaction be identified?

*erobic res#iration releases energy that is useful$

This #rocess is a chemical reaction beteen glucose ando'ygen hich also generates waste prod"!ts$

)gl"!ose o*ygen ) energy


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'aste prod"!ts 5 li#ewater test

imeater turns cloudy hen !aron dio*ide#asses through$What does this test tell you about aerobic res#iration?

+ne aste #roduct of aerobic res#iration must be-

2&lo gently

through a stra

into the limeater$

3&*fter a short time,

the limeater

turns !lo"dy$

li#ewaterstraw

1&Ta(e a test tube

of li#ewater,

a !learli.uid$

!aron dio*ide&


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'aste prod"!ts 5 see yo"r reat( test

'ater $apo"rcondenses into a li.uid and becomes visible$What does this test tell you about aerobic res#iration?

*nother aste #roduct of aerobic res#iration must be-

What ha##ens hen you

breathe outonto a cold

#ane of glass?

What ha##ens hen you

breathe outon a free/ing

cold day?

In both cases, you can see some of the air that you have

breathed out$ Why?

water $apo"r

water&


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Aeroi! respiration7 s"##ary

ummari/e the #rocess of aerobic res#iration in a sentence$

*erobic res#iration is a chemical reaction so it can also be

summari/ed in a word e8"ation$

What is the ord e.uation for this vital chemical reaction?

*erobic res#iration is a chemical reaction

that ta(es #lace in all living cells,

in hich gl"!osereacts ith o*ygen

to #roduce !aron dio*ideand water

and stored chemical energy is released$



Aeroi! respiration7word e8"ation

!aron

dio*idegl"!ose o*ygen water

!arondio*ide

watero*ygengl"!ose

energy

energy


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Aeroi! respiration7 word e8"ation a!ti$ity



Aeroi! respiration7 8"i9


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Contents

Respiration


S"##ary a!ti$ities

Releasing energy

Rate of respiration

Aeroi! respiration



.(e rate of respiration

*erobic res#iration is a chemical reaction and so has a rate$

Is the rate of this reaction alays the same?

1our body re.uires different a#o"ntsof energy de#ending

on ho active you are$o the rate of aerobicres#iration

!(angesde#ending on the amount of energy needed$

2uring hat ty#e of activities, does the rate of aerobic

res#iration in!reaseso that #ore energycan be released?

!arondio*ide

gl"!ose o*ygen water energy



When does the body need to release more energy?

:ow #"!( energy is needed)

2uring hich ty#e of activities is the rate of aerobic

res#iration higher?

not $ery a!ti$e

low energyre8"ire#ents

$ery a!ti$e

(ig( energyre8"ire#ents



;ifferent energy needs

%o does the body res#ond to these different rates of

aerobic res#iration?

(ig( energy need

These e'tremely different activities both need energy from

aerobic res#iration but is the rate of this reactionthe same?

low energy need

low rate ofaeroi! respiration

(ig( rate ofaeroi! respiration



.(e ody-s response to low energy needs

2uring slee#, the bodys energy needs are low

and so the rate of aerobic res#iration is slow

"t steady$

%o does this affect the amount of glucose

and o'ygen needed?

%o does this affect the heart rate and breathing rate?

3nder these resting conditions, the body has #lenty of time

to inhale o'ygen and the blood is able to su##ly enough

lowenergy

need

low rate ofaeroi!

respiration

low de#andfor gl"!ose

and o*ygen

slow (eartand reat(ing

rates

glucose and o'ygen to the bodys cells$



.(e ody-s response to (ig( energy needs

2uring running, the bodys energy needs are(ig(

and so the rate of res#iration in!reasesto meet

this demand$

%o does this affect the amount of glucose and

o'ygen needed?

%o does this affect the heart rate and breathing rate?

(ig(energy

need

(ig( rate ofaeroi!

respiration

(ig( de#andfor gl"!ose

and o*ygen

fast (eartand reat(ing

rates

3nder these tougher conditions, the body has to or( hard

to su##ly enough glucose and o'ygen to the bodys cells

for aerobic res#iration to #roduce enough energy$

C t t



Contents

Respiration


S"##ary a!ti$ities

Releasing energy

Rate of respiration

Aeroi! respiration


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Respiration wit(o"t o*ygen

2uring anaeroi! respiration, glucose brea(s don into a

substance called la!ti! a!idand so#e energyis released$

What do you thin( anaerobic means?

la!ti!a!id

energygl"!ose

+ur bodies can only release energy ithout o'ygen for a

short #eriod of time$

anaeroi! wit(o"t o*ygen-

*naerobic res#iration involves the in!o#plete reakdown

of glucose and so releases less energythan aerobicres#iration$

A i i ti d ti


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Anaeroi! respiration7word e8"ation

la!ti!

a!idgl"!ose

la!ti!a!idgl"!ose

energy

energy

.( l it( i i ti



.(e prole#s wit( anaeroi! respiration

*naerobic res#iration is useful to the body hen energy is

needed in a hurry$

There are two prole#sith anaerobic res#iration

*naerobic res#iration releases #"!( less energyfrom

glucose com#ared to aerobic res#iration$

actic acid is a poisono"s aste #roduct$

Why is anaerobic res#iration notthe best ay to get energy

from glucose?

la!ti!a!id

gl"!ose energy

'( i l ti id ( f l)



'(y is la!ti! a!id so (ar#f"l)

La!ti! a!idis the #roduct of anaerobic res#iration and is

(ar#f"lbecause it can sto# muscles from doing their 6ob$

If lactic acid builds u# in muscle cells, it sto#s muscles from

contracting and rela'ing and they become fatig"ed$

The muscles acheand the body e'#eriences !ra#p, hich

forces the body to sto# hat it is doing and rest$

Why can anaerobic res#iration only be carried out for short

#eriods of time?

Re!o er and getting rid of la!ti! a!id



Re!o$ery and getting rid of la!ti! a!id

*fter anaerobic res#iration> the body is in

re!o$eryand must get rid lactic acid$

The body is no at rest but the breathing rate

and heart rate remain high$ Why does this ha##en?

!arondio*ide

la!ti!a!id

o*ygen water

Why do the breathing and heart rates return to normal

after a fe minutes of recovery?

la!ti!a!id

energygl"!ose

?*ygenis needed to get rid of la!ti! a!idby turning it

into carbon dio'ide and ater$

?*ygen det "ild "p


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?*ygen det 5 "ild "p

2uring aeroi!res#iration, muscles get energy from

glucose by 7#aying for it ith o'ygen$

2uring anaeroi! respiration, muscles get energy fromglucose but do not pay- for itith o'ygen$

!arondio*ide

gl"!ose o*ygen water energy

la!ti!a!id

gl"!ose energy

When and ho is this o'ygen debt 7#aid off?

This means that an o*ygen detis created$

?*ygen det pay off


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It is the o'ygen needed to get rid of lactic

acid that #ays bac( the o'ygen debt$

?*ygen det 5 pay off

The o*ygen detcaused by anaerobic

res#iration is #aid off during the re!o$ery

periodafter e'ercise$

!arondio*ide

la!ti!a!id

o*ygen water

o*ygento pay a!ko*ygen det-

When is the o'ygen debt com#letely #aid off?

Anaeroi! respiration7word e8"ation a!ti$ity


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Anaeroi! respiration7word e8"ation a!ti$ity

Contents


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Contents

Respiration


S"##ary a!ti$ities

Releasing energy

Rate of respiration

Aeroi! respiration

'(i!( type of respiration)


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'(i!( type of respiration)

@"ltiple !(oi!e 8"i9


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@"ltiple!(oi!e 8"i9

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KS4 Respiration