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1 Kompartmentsyndrom – diagnostik, behandling och komplikationer © Jorma Styf och Studentlitteratur 2003 Litteratur kapitel 1–18 Referenser till kapitel 1 1. Blandy JP, Fuller R. Ischemic myositis of the leg muscles from exercise. J Bone Joint Surgery 1957; 39-B:679–693. 2. Bradley EL. The anterior tibial compart- ment syndrome. Surg Gyn & Obstetrics 1973; 136:289–297. 3. Carr D, Frymoyer JW, Gilbertson L. The lumbodorsal fascial compartment. Orthop Trans 1984; 252. 4. Carter AB, Richards RL, Zachary RB. The anterior tibial syndrome. The Lancet 1949; 19:928–934. 5. Edwards EA. The anatomic basis for ischemia localized to certain muscles of the lower limb. Surg Gyn Obstr 1953; 97:87–94. 6. French EB, Price WH. Anterior tibial pain. Brit Med J 1962; 6:1290–1296. 7. Gaspard DJ, Cohen JLL, Gaspar MR. Decompression dermotomy: A limb salvage adjunct. J A M A 1972; 220:831– 833. 8. Gershuni DH, Yaru NC, Hargens AR, Lie- ber RL, O’Hara RC, Akeson WH. Ankle and knee position as a factor modifying intracompartmental pressure in the human leg. J Bone Joint Surg 1984; 66– A:1415–1419. 9. Klock JC, Sexton MJ. Rhabdomyolysis and acute myoglobinuric renal failure following heroin use. West J Med 1973; 119:5–8. 10. Leach RE, Hammond G, Stryker WS. Anterior tibial compartment syndrome: Acute and chronic. J Bone Joint Surg 1967; 49-A:451–463. 11. Matsen FA. Compartmental syndrome: – A unified concept. Clin Orthop 1975; 113:8–14. 12. Mubarak S, Owen CA. Compartment syndrome and its relation to the Crush syndrome: A spectrum of disease. Clin Orthop 1975; 113:81–89. 13. Mubarak SJ. Exertional compartment syndrome, Chapter 14. Ed. Mubarak S, Hargens A, W.B. Saunders 1981; 209– 226. 14. Nakhostine M, Styf JR, Leuven SV, Hargens A, Gershuni DH. Intramuscular pressure varies with depth. – The tibialis anterior muscle studied in 12 volun- teers. Acta Orthop Scand 1993; 64:377– 381. 15. Reneman RS. The anterior and the late- ral compartmental syndrome of the leg due to intensive use of muscles. Clin Orthop Rel Res 1975; 113:69–80. 16. Rorabeck CH, Macnab I, Wadell JP. Anterior tibial compartment syndrome: A clinical and experimental review. Canadian J Surg 1972; 15:249–257. 17. Schein M, Wittman DH, Aprahamian CC, Condon RE. The abdominal compartment syndrome: the physio- logical and clinical consequences of ele- vated intra-abdominal pressure. J Am Coll Surg 1995; 180:745–753. 18. Sejersted OM, Hargens AR, Kardel KR, Blom P, Jensen Ö, Hermansen L. Intra- muscular fluid pressure during isometric contraction of human skeletal muscle. J Appl Physiol 1984; 56:287–295. 19. Starling EH. On the absorption of fluids from the connective tissue spaces. J Phy- siol (Lond.) 1896; 19:313–326. 20. Styf J. Chronic exercise-induced pain in the anterior aspect of the lower leg. – An overview of diagnosis. Am J Sports Med 1989; 7:331–339. 21. Styf J, Forsblad P, Lundborg G. Chronic compartment syndrome in the first dor- sal interosseous muscle. J Hand Surg 1987; 12A:757–762. 22. Veith RG. Recurrent compartmental syndromes due to intensive use of mus- cles. Compartmental Syndromes 1980; F.A. Matsen III:133–142. 23. Volkmann R. Ischaemic muscle paraly- ses and contractures. Clin Orthop 1881; 50:5–6.

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Litteratur kapitel 1–18

Referenser till kapitel 1

1. Blandy JP, Fuller R. Ischemic myositis ofthe leg muscles from exercise. J BoneJoint Surgery 1957; 39-B:679–693.

2. Bradley EL. The anterior tibial compart-ment syndrome. Surg Gyn & Obstetrics1973; 136:289–297.

3. Carr D, Frymoyer JW, Gilbertson L. Thelumbodorsal fascial compartment.Orthop Trans 1984; 252.

4. Carter AB, Richards RL, Zachary RB. Theanterior tibial syndrome. The Lancet1949; 19:928–934.

5. Edwards EA. The anatomic basis forischemia localized to certain muscles ofthe lower limb. Surg Gyn Obstr 1953;97:87–94.

6. French EB, Price WH. Anterior tibialpain. Brit Med J 1962; 6:1290–1296.

7. Gaspard DJ, Cohen JLL, Gaspar MR.Decompression dermotomy: A limbsalvage adjunct. J A M A 1972; 220:831–833.

8. Gershuni DH, Yaru NC, Hargens AR, Lie-ber RL, O’Hara RC, Akeson WH. Ankleand knee position as a factor modifyingintracompartmental pressure in thehuman leg. J Bone Joint Surg 1984; 66–A:1415–1419.

9. Klock JC, Sexton MJ. Rhabdomyolysisand acute myoglobinuric renal failurefollowing heroin use. West J Med 1973;119:5–8.

10. Leach RE, Hammond G, Stryker WS.Anterior tibial compartment syndrome:Acute and chronic. J Bone Joint Surg1967; 49-A:451–463.

11. Matsen FA. Compartmental syndrome:– A unified concept. Clin Orthop 1975;113:8–14.

12. Mubarak S, Owen CA. Compartmentsyndrome and its relation to the Crushsyndrome: A spectrum of disease. ClinOrthop 1975; 113:81–89.

13. Mubarak SJ. Exertional compartmentsyndrome, Chapter 14. Ed. Mubarak S,Hargens A, W.B. Saunders 1981; 209–226.

14. Nakhostine M, Styf JR, Leuven SV,Hargens A, Gershuni DH. Intramuscularpressure varies with depth. – The tibialisanterior muscle studied in 12 volun-teers. Acta Orthop Scand 1993; 64:377–381.

15. Reneman RS. The anterior and the late-ral compartmental syndrome of the legdue to intensive use of muscles. ClinOrthop Rel Res 1975; 113:69–80.

16. Rorabeck CH, Macnab I, Wadell JP.Anterior tibial compartment syndrome:A clinical and experimental review.Canadian J Surg 1972; 15:249–257.

17. Schein M, Wittman DH, AprahamianCC, Condon RE. The abdominalcompartment syndrome: the physio-logical and clinical consequences of ele-vated intra-abdominal pressure. J AmColl Surg 1995; 180:745–753.

18. Sejersted OM, Hargens AR, Kardel KR,Blom P, Jensen Ö, Hermansen L. Intra-muscular fluid pressure during isometriccontraction of human skeletal muscle. JAppl Physiol 1984; 56:287–295.

19. Starling EH. On the absorption of fluidsfrom the connective tissue spaces. J Phy-siol (Lond.) 1896; 19:313–326.

20. Styf J. Chronic exercise-induced pain inthe anterior aspect of the lower leg. – Anoverview of diagnosis. Am J Sports Med1989; 7:331–339.

21. Styf J, Forsblad P, Lundborg G. Chroniccompartment syndrome in the first dor-sal interosseous muscle. J Hand Surg1987; 12A:757–762.

22. Veith RG. Recurrent compartmentalsyndromes due to intensive use of mus-cles. Compartmental Syndromes 1980;F.A. Matsen III:133–142.

23. Volkmann R. Ischaemic muscle paraly-ses and contractures. Clin Orthop 1881;50:5–6.

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Referenser till kapitel 2

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2. Bernays AC. On ischemic paralysis andcontractures of muscles. Boston MedSurg J 1900; 542:539.

3. Blandy JP, Fuller R. Ischemic myositis ofthe leg muscles from exercise. J BoneJoint Surgery 1957; 39-B:679–693.

4. Bradley EL. The anterior tibial compart-ment syndrome. Surg Gyn & Obstetrics1973; 136:289–297.

5. Brooks B. Pathologic changes in muscleas a result of disturbances of circulation:An experimental study of Volkmann’sischemic paralysis. Arch Surgery 1922;5:118–216.

6. Bunnell S. Ischemic contracture, local,in the hand. J Bone Joint Surg 1953; 35-A:88–101.

7. Burch GE, Sodeman WA. The estimationof the subcutaneous tissue pressure by adirct method. J Clin Invest 1937; 16:845–850.

8. Carter AB, Richards RL, Zachary RB. Theanterior tibial syndrome. The Lancet1949; 19:928–934.

9. French EB, Price WH. Anterior tibialpain. Brit Med J 1962; 6:1290–1296.

10. Gardner RC. Impending Volkmann’scontracture following minor trauma tothe palm of the hand: A theory ofpathogenesis. Clin Orthop 1970;72:261–264.

11. Griffiths DL. Volkmann’s ischaemiccontracture. Brit J Surg 1940; 28:239–260.

12. Griffiths DL. The anterior tibial syn-drome: A chronic form. J Bone JointSurg 1956; 38 B:438.

13. Grunwald A, Silberman Z. Anterior tibi-al syndrome. JAMA 1959; 171:132–135.

14. Guyton AC. A concept of negative inter-stitial pressure based on pressures in im-planted perforated capsules. 1963;12:399–414.

15. Harris C, Riordan DC. Intrinsic contrac-ture in the hand and its surgical treat-ment. J Bone Joint Surg 1954; 36-A:10–20.

16. Hendersson Y, Oughterson AW, Green-berg LA, Searle CP. Muscle tonus, intra-muscular pressure and the venopressuremechnism. 1936; 261–268.

17. Hildebrand O. Die Lehre von den ische-mische Muskellahmungen und Kon-trakturen. Samml Klin Vortrage 1906;122:437.

18. Jepson PN. Ischaemic contracture: Expe-rimental study. Ann Surgery 1926;84:785–795.

19. Kinmonth JB, Simeone FA, Perlow V.Factors affecting the diameter of largearteries with particular reference to trau-matic spasm. Surgery 1949; 26:452–471.

20. Landerer AS. Gewebspannung in ihremEinfluss auf die Örtliche Blutbewegungund Lymphbewegung. Vogel, Leipzig1884.

21. Leriche R. Surgery of the sympatheticsystem. Indications and results. AnnSurg 1928; 88:449–469.

22. Leser E. Untersuchungen uber ischämi-schen Muskellahmungen und Muskel-kontrakturen. Sammel Klin Vortage1884; 249:2087–2114.

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24. Matsen FA, Mayo KA, Sheridan GW,Krugmire RB. Monitoring of intramuscu-lar pressure. Surg 1976; 79:702–709.

25. Mavor GE. The anterior tibial syndro-me. J Bone Joint Surg 1956; 38-B:513–517.

26. McMaster PD. Intermittent take-up offluid from the cutaneous tissue. J ExpMed 1941; 73:67–87.

27. Moed BR, Thorderson PK. Measure ofintracompartmental pressure a compari-son of the slit catheter side portedneedle and simple needle. J Bone JointSurg 1993; 75-A:231–235.

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28. Mubarak SJ, Hargens AR, Owen CA, Ge-retto LP, Akeson WH. The Wick cathetertechnique for measurement of intra-muscular pressure. J Bone Joint Surg1976; 58-A:1016–1020.

29. Murphy JB. Myositis. J A M A 1914;63:1249–1255.

30. Petersen F. Uber ischämische Muskellah-mungen. Arch Klin Chir 1888; 37:675.

31. Reneman RS. The anterior and lateralcompartment syndrome of the leg.Thesis. The Hague 1968; 27–91.

32. Reneman RS, Jageneau AHM. The in-fluence of weighted exercise on tissueintramuscular pressure in normal sub-jects and patients with intermittentclaudication. Scand J Clin Lab Invest1973; 128:37–42.

33. Rorabeck CH, Hardie R, Logan J.Compartmental pressure measure-ments: An experimental investigationusing the Slit catheter. J Trauma 1981;21:446–449.

34. Rorabeck CH, Macnab I, Wadell JP. An-terior tibial compartment syndrome: Aclinical and experimental review. Cana-dian J Surg 1972; 15:249–257.

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36. Seddon H. Volkmann’s ischemia. BritMed J 1964; 1:1587–1592.

37. Seddon HJ. Volkmanns ischaemia in thelower limb. J Bone Joint Surg 1966; 48-B:627–637.

38. Severin E. Umwandlung des musculustibialis anterior in narbengewebe nachUberanstrengung. 1943; 89:427–432.

39. Sheridan GW, Matsen FA. An animalmodel of the compartmental syndrome.Clin Orthop 1975; 113:36–42.

40. Sirbu CAB, Murphy MJ, White AS. Softtissue complications of fractures of theleg. Western Med 1944; 60:53–56.

41. Snashall PD, Lucas J, Guz A, Floyer MA.Measurement of interstitial fluid pressu-re by means of a cotton wick in manand animals: An analysis of the origin of

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42. Starling EH. On the absorption of fluidsfrom the connective tissue spaces. J Phy-siol (Lond.) 1896; 19:313–326.

43. Stenson NS. Elementorum myologiaespecimen, seu musculi descriptio geo-metrica. Cui accedunt canis carchariaedissectum caput, et dissectus piscis excanum genere. Quoted by Haller: Ele-menta Physiol 4:544. Florentinae, Subsigno Stellae, 1667; 4:123 pp, ill., 7 pl.

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45. Styf JR, Wiger P. Abnormally increasedintramuscular pressure in human legs:Comparison of two experimentalmodels. J Trauma 1998; 45:133–139.

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50. Wiger P, Styf JR. Effects of limb elevationon abnormally increased intramuscularpressure, blood perfusion pressure andfoot sensation: – An experimental studyin humans. J Orthop Trauma 1998;12:343–347.

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55. Zang Q, Styf J. Effects of limb elevationon increased intramuscular pressure onhuman tibialis anterior muscle bloodflow. Eur J Appl Physiol 2001; 85:567–571.

Referenser till kapitel 3

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14. Kutz JE, Singer R, Lindsay M. Chronicexertional compartment syndrome ofthe forearm: A case report. J Hand Surg1985; 10:302–304.

15. Lokiec F, Siev-Ner I, Pritsch M. Chroniccompartment syndrome of both feet. JBone Joint Surg 1991; 73-B:178–179.

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34. Styf J. Diagnosis of exercise-inducedpain in the anterior aspect of the lowerleg. Am J Sports Med 1988; 16:165–169.

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39. Styf J, Suurkula M, Körner L. Intra-muscular pressure and muscle bloodflow during exercise in chroniccompartment syndrome. J Bone JointSurg 1987; 69-B:301–305.

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41. Styf JR, Andersson G, Eriksson K. Expo-sure to vibrations increases intramuscu-lar pressure in the forearm. Personalcommunication. 2002.

42. Styf JR, Körner LM. Diagnosis of chronicanterior compartment syndrome in thelower leg. Acta Orthop Scand 1987;58:139–144.

43. Styf JR, Morberg P. The superficial pero-neal tunnel syndrome: results by de-compression. J Bone Joint Surg 1997;79-B:801–803.

44. Takebayashi S, Takazawa H, Sasaki R,Miki H, Soh R, Nishimura J. Chronicexertional compartment syndrome inthe lower leg: Localization and follow-up with Thallium -201 SPECT imaging. JNucl Med 1997; 38:

45. Wallensten R. Results of fasciotomy inpatients with medial tibial syndrome orchronic anterior compartment syn-drome. J Bone Joint Surg 1983; 65-A:1252–1255.

46. Zang Q, Styf JR. Abnormally elevated in-tramuscular pressure impairs muscleblood flow at rest after exercise. Manu-script 2002; Submitted.

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1. Abdul-Hamid AK. First dorsal interos-seus compartment syndrome. J BoneJoint Surg 1987; 12-B:269–272.

2. Abrahamsson SO, Sollerman C, Söder-berg T, Lundborg G, Rydholm U, Pet-tersson H. Lateral elbow pain caused byanconeus compartment syndrome: Acase report. Acta Orthop Scand 1987;58:589–591.

3. Abramowitz AJ, Schepsis A, McArthur C.Medial tibial syndrome. The role of sur-gery. Ortop Rev 1994; 23:875–881.

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5. Allen MJ, Barnes MR. Chronic compart-ment syndrome of the flexor muscles in

the forearm: A case report. J Hand Surg1989; 14B:47–48.

6. Berlemann U, Al-Momani Z, Hertel R.Exercise-induced compartment syn-drome in the flexor-pronator musclegroup: A case report and pressure mea-surements in volunteers. Am J SportsMed 1998; 26:439–441.

7. Black KP, Taylor DE. Current concepts inthe treatment of common compartmentsyndromes in the athletes. Sports Med1993; 15:408–418.

8. Blackman PG, Simmons LR, CrossleyKM. Treatment of chronic exertionalcompartment syndrome with massage:A pilot study. Clin J Sports Med 1998;8:14–17.

9. Bourne RB, Rorabeck CH. Compartmentsyndromes of the lower legs. ClinOrthop 1989; 240:97–104.

10. Davey JR, Rorabeck CH, Fowler PJ. Thetibialis posterior muscle compartment:An unrecognized cause of exertionalcompartment syndrome. Am J SportsMed 1984; 12:391–397.

11. Detmer DE, Sharpe K, Sufit RL, GirdleyFM. Chronic compartment syndrome:Diagnosis, management and outcomes.Am J Sports Med 1985; 13:162–170.

12. Fronek J, Mubarak SJ, Hargens AR, LeeYF, Gershuni DH, Garfin SR, et al. Mana-gement of chronic exertional anteriorcompartment syndrome of the lowerextremity. Clin Orthop 1987; 220:217–227.

13. Gelberman RH, Garfin SR, HergenroederPT, Mubarak SJ, Menon J. Compartmentsyndromes of the forearm: Diagnosisand treatment. Clin Orthop Rel Res1981; 161:252–261.

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16. Konno S, Kikuchi S, Nagaosa Y. The rela-tionship between intramuscular pressu-re of the paraspinal muscles and lowback pain. Spine 1994; 19:2186–2189.

17. Koskinen SK, Heinonen OJ, KormanoM. Magnetic resonance imaging in thediagnosis of chronic compartment syn-drome: A case report. Clin J Sports Med1993; 3:44–47.

18. Kutz JE, Singer R, Lindsay M. Chronicexertional compartment syndrome ofthe forearm: A case report. J Hand Surg1985; 10:302–304.

19. Kwiatkowski TC, Detmer DE. Anatomi-cal dissection of the deep posteriorcompartment and its correlation withclinical reports of chronic compartmentsyndrome involving the deep posteriorcompartment. Clinical Anatomy 1997;10:104–111.

20. Logan JG, Rorabeck CH, Castle GSP. Themeasurement of dynamic compartmentpressure during exercise. Am J SportsMed 1983; 11:220–223.

21. Lokiec F, Siev-Ner I, Pritsch M. Chroniccompartment syndrome of both feet. JBone Joint Surg 1991; 73-B:178–179.

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44. Styf J. Diagnosis of exercise-inducedpain in the anterior aspect of the lowerleg. Am J Sports Med 1988; 16:165–169.

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