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Digital & HD TV Pioneer and Poet of the Known Un- Owneds, Donald Rumsfeld. Known Un-Owneds: What We Know We Don’t Yet Have. Movies & TV. Stimulate Sight and Hearing. And?. Five Senses?. discrimination “cocktail-party effect”. Hearing (audio) - PowerPoint PPT Presentation
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Known Un-Owneds:What We Know We Dont Yet HaveDigital& HD TVPioneerand Poetof theKnown Un-Owneds,DonaldRumsfeld
Movies & TVStimulate Sight and HearingAnd?
Five Senses?Hearing (audio)loudness, pitch, duration, direction, depth, vector, rhythm, harmony, +Sight (video)brightness, color, shape, depth, transparency, vector, number, +Feeling (Tingler & motion seats)pressure, texture, moisture, fatigue, heat, thirst, hunger, nausea, pain, + Smell & Taste (Odorama, CP 5+1)discriminationcocktail-party effect
Vision We Already Have HDAdd 3-D3-D TV transmissions in 1928Increase color gamutIncrease dynamic resolutionWhy increase temporal or spatial resolution?Post-production optionsre-frame, stabilize, scan BG, slo-mo Perception evolves19533-D TVglasses
Perception is LearnedKittens deprived from birth of a particular type stimuluscannot perceive that type stimulus until it is learned
Human Perceptions Evolve1895Larrive dun trainen gare de La Ciotat1919Edison Tone Test
Human Perceptions Evolve1895Larrive dun trainen gare de La CiotatOne of my neighbors was so much captivated that she sprung to her feet... and waited until the car disappeared before she sat down again Henri de Parville, 1895
Human Perceptions Evolve1919Edison Tone Test"It did not seem difficult to determine in the dark when the singer sang and when she did not. The writer himself was pretty sure about it until the lights were turned on again and it was discovered that [the singer] was not on the stage at all and that the new Edison alone had been heard.Pittsburgh Post
Human Resolution Theory - 1862Snellen Chart20/20 (6/6) optotype
Resolution and Viewing Distance1 arc minute = 30 cycles per degree (cpd) NTSC 480 active lines = 88 = 7.15 x the picture height (PH)Similarly, 1080 lines = 18 = 3.16 x PH4K 36 = 1.54 x PHUDTV: 4320 lines = 72 = 0.69 x PHfor 9 viewing distance, screen height = 13LechnerDistance9 feetcourtesy Warner Bros. Technical Operations
Problems with 30-cpd Theory3 chart lines below 20/20April SMPTE Motion Imaging Journal:NHK Research on Human Factors in UHDTVpossible to distinguish between 78 and 156 cpd156 cpd is more than five times the 20/20 criterionrealness is a function of image detailrises rapidly to 50 cpd continues rising through 156 cpdBottom line: more rez workshigher-frequency content
But Lenses Have Issues20 40 60 80100 LP/mm100MTF%2/3-Inch HD(simplified from Small Format HD Acquisition, Larry Thorpe, Canon, 2005 SMPTE Fall Technical Conference)2/3-inch 1080-line HD = 100 lp/mmS35 4K 60 lp/mm2/3-inch 4320-line UD = 400 lp/mm1/6-inch 1080-line HD = 379 lp/mm
Fixing Optical Issues w/o OpticsCanon HJ17Ex7.7B, 36 glass elementsAstigmatism, coma, geometric, Petzval, & spherical aberrations,flare, ghosts, vignetting, light distribution, MTF, and diffraction?lateral chromatic aberration correction via LUT
Deconvolutionfrom The Scientist and Engineers Guide to Digital Signal Processing,by Steven W. Smith, Ph. D., California Technical Publishing
ConvolutionsLens focusCamera shakingExcess fogMultiple audio sourcesEchoesRoom toneknownblind
Holographic lenses
500-watt halogen light
Imaging Dynamic Range10,000,000:1 (>23-stop) contrast ratiocourtesy of Thomson
More Basic Known Un-OwnedsColor gamutWhy not all colors?
DisplaysDirect stimulation of the visual cortexEye projectionEye-tracking for data reductionPersonal vs. communitySound imagingheight
High-Frame-Rate Viewingpopped water balloonVision Research Phantom V12shoots 720p to ~7000 fpsField EmissionTechnologies240-fps displaycameras from AOS, CPL, DRS, Fastec, i-Movix, Kinor, NAC, Photo-Sonics, Photron, PCO, Redlake, Shimadzu, SVSi, VR, Weinberger, Weisscamarea forhuman-visiontraining?simulationnot HDTV
Temporal & Dynamic ResolutionDo we knowthe humanvisual limit of temporalresolution?Regardless,we know thateye trackingmakes movingobjects static
True 3-DJames Clar10x10x10 voxelmonochromeRabbitHoles Mediain Demo Room
InteractivityAre we storytelling or storymaking?Choices rapidly grow: 220=1,048,576
Artists Advance TechnologySatellite Arts Project, 1975: GEO latencyWorld Opera Project, 2009: fiber latencyReal time contrast compression, 1973Multilingual live HD subtitling, 2007Beyond-color imagingMilitary, too
Sometimes Both Together
Behind the ScenesThe storage bit bucketbuckets dont care about format
The universal IP address & ubiquitous wireless
Voice recognitionThought control?
Things Take Time& Perceived Need & ROI
The Future Is Really Big& No Matter How You Slice It,Theres Plenty for All