klod mone (1840-1926)

klod mone daibada saporto qalaq havrSi, SedarebiT dabali wris ojaxSi. man

adre gamomaJRavna mxatvruli niWi, kerZod saicrad zusti Tvali da saxasiaTo

niuansis (ferSi, tonSi Tu formaSi) dafiqsirebis unari. am niWis wyalobiT igi iqneba

yvelaze tipuri impresionisti impresionistTa Soris. SemTxveviTi ar aris, rom swored

misi suraTis _ "STabeWdileba _ mzis amosvla"

mixedviT 1937 wels pirvel damoukidebel mxatvarTa gamofenaze (fotograf nadaris

saxelsnoSi) Jurnalistebma dacinviT uwodes am mimarTulebas impresionizmi

(impresion mxatvrulad STabeWdilebas niSnavs). arada es saxeli sakmaod zustad

Seefereba am mxatvruli meTodis bunebas, romelic emyareba momntaluri

STabeWdilebis dafiqsirebas. 90-ian wlebSi, rodesac impresionizmi aRar iyo

aqtualuri, viRacam sezanTan axsena mone. "nu axsenebT mas" _ Tqva sezanma, _

"igi mxolod Tavlia." (gulisxmobda, rom Tvals ar mosdevda goni, gaazreba). magram

mciredi dafriqrebis Semdeg dasZina: "magram, RmerTo Cemo, rogori Tvali!". mones

swored am Tvisebis gamo masTan yvelaze savsed aris gamoxatuli is Zlieri

mxareebic, romlebic gansakuTrebiT maRal doneze gamovlinda impresinistTa 1870-

iani wlebis namuSevrebSi da is SezRuduli mxareebic, romlebmac 80-iani wlebidan

ganapirobes impresionizmis krizisi.

mane jer kide 16-17 wlis iyo, rodesac igi havrSi SeniSna Zalian kargma

fermwerma _ budenma. kerZod, mone xatavda karikaturebs Tanamoqalaqeebze,

romlebsac akravdnen erT-erTi maRaziis vitrinaze. isini SeniSna budenma da mixvda

ra did niWTan hqonda saqme. man monaxa mones ojaxi da urCia ymawvilis parizSi

gagzavna. parizSi igi male dauaxlovda missaviT axalgazrda renuars, romelTan

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erTadac dadioda akademiuri mimarTulebis pedagogTan gleierTan, Tumca amas igi

swori gzidan ar aucdenia. jer erTi, mas ukve hqonda miRebuli kagi gakveTilebi

budenisgan, romelmac mas gaagebina plenerze muSaobis mniSvneloba, mere

meorec, igi renuarTan, sisleisTan, pisarosTan erTad erkveoda Tanamedrove

mxatvrebSi _ vin iyo progresuli da vin ara. mas gansakuTrebiT izidavda koro Tavisi

ferwerulobiTa da mdodari valioriT.

60-iani wlebisTvis igi sxvebTan erTad intensiurad muSaobs da viTardeba.

1865 wels asrulebs "sauzmes mwvaneSi",

1866 wels "qalebi baRSi",

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sadac ukve kargad Cans misi Tvalis sizuste, misi unari "daiWiros" konkretuli

momenti, saxasiaTo detalebi. arsebiTad misi xedva ukve impresionistulia.

adamianebi, maTi qmedeba, detalebi erTiandebian peizaJis Suq-haerovan garemoSi,

Tumca koloristulad es jer kidev tradiciuli ferweraa. feri jer ar aris sufTa _ bevria

moyavisfro, monacrisfro, momwvano tonebi. TandaTanobiT Cndeba sufTa

feradovani laqebic: "baRi sent-edresSi" 1966 w.,

"terasa sent-edresSi" 1967 w.,

buneba, mwvane buCqebi, zurmuxtisferi zRva, wiTeli yvavilebi Tu droSis ferebi

mTlianobaSi suraTs ufro naTels xdian, magram ferT Sexameba jer kidev xisti da

meqanikuria, aklia ferweruli sifaqize da gaTamameba. mxatvruli meTodis sisrules

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aRwevs 69-70 wlebisTvis. "navebi arJanteiSi" 1869 w.

ukve Zalian cocxalia, Tavisuflad dawerili uamravi tonaluri niuansiT, magram feri jer

kidev mTlad sufTa araa. metia feris sisufTave 1870 wels Sesrulebul namuSevarSi

"oteli Savi kldeebi" _ qarSi haeris moZraoba saocradaa gadmocemuli.

70-iani wlebi misi mxatvruli meTodis gaSlisa da ayvavebis periodia. muSaobs

igi saocrad Zaldautaneblad da aRwevs mxatvruli enis, anu organizebuli masalis, feri

tonis zeTis im saocrad damajerebel gardasaxvas gamosaxulebaSi, anu

araCveulebriv opozicias asaxvis sagnis niSnebsa da enas (mxatvrul formas) Soris,

romelic impresionizmis mTavari miRwevaa. arasdros aravis ar gadmoucia aseTi

"gulaxdili" feriTa da "gulaxdili" monasmebiT ase zustad asaxvis sagani, anu buneba,

xmeleTi wyali, haeri, sagnebi erTian cocxal ferwerul zedapirze. es saocrebas hgavs.

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aseTebia: "regata arJanteiSi" (arJantei iyo parizis gareubani, romelic Zalian izidavda

impresionistebs),

cnobili "STabeWdileba _ mzis amosvla" 1872 an 1873, "kapucinebis bulvari" 1873,

"yayaCoebis mindori arJanteiSi" 1873,

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"bastiliis aRebis dResaswauli" 1878,

"sen lazaris rkinigzis sadguris" mTeli seria 1877.

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seriebze muSaoba damaxasiaTebelia monesTvis. misTvis ar arsebobs ori erTnairi

dRe, an Tundac dRis ganmavlobaSi droebi: dila, SudRe, saRamo. "kamila mone"

(coli) micvalebulis sudaraSic ki impresionistulad aris dawerili.

80-90-iani wlebidan saerTod impresionistebTan da gansakuTrebiT monesTan

aRiniSneba erTgvari krizisi. ferwera aranakleb Tu metad virtuozulia niuansebSi,

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ferSi, magram aklia is cocxali uSualoba, romelic 70-ian wlebs axasiaTebda, TiTqos,

erTgvarad TviTmiznuri xdeba: "ruanis taZris seria" (diliT, dRisT, saRamos) sul

sxvadasxvagvari ganaTebebiT,

"bel-ilis kldeebi",

"Stormi bel-ilSi".

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1899 wlisTvis modis axali seria _ "wylis liliebi", sadac mxatvari tkbeba bunebis

mravalferovnebiT,

"vaterloos xidi nislSi",

"Caring krosis xidi nislSi",

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"parlamentis Senoba londonSi",

fantastiuri ostatoba, magram TiTqos odnav TviTmiznuri. SemTxveviTi araa, rom

misma Tivis zvinebis seriam uzarmazari STabeWdileba moaxdina vasil kandinskize

imiT, rom sagani "gaqra" ferTa livlivSi. esec udavod biZgi iyo kandinskisTvis

abstraqtuli, usagno ferweris CamoyalibebaSi.

gvian wlebSi 1910-ianSi igi ukve aRiarebuli, mdidari aSenebs xelovnur tbas

wylis liliebiT da xatavs did panoebs am motivebze, romlebic Zalian efeqturia da

erTgvarad TviTmiznuri.

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