Kingdom Bacteria(Eubacteria)

Bacteria are more helpful than harmful!

Kingdom Bacteria

bacteria – a large group of microscopic one-

celled organisms that sometimes cause

disease

Binary Fission – a type of asexual reproduction

where one organism divides into two organisms

Reproduction of Reproduction of BacteriaBacteria

How?...-The one main

(circular) chromosome makes a copy of itself-Then it divides into

two bacteria

BINARY FISSION

Bacteria dividing Completed

Reproduction of Reproduction of BacteriaBacteria

Bacterial Cell & Nucleiod DNA Ring

DNA replication

Cell wall synthesis

Cell separation

How Are They Classified?• Bacteria are classified based on how they obtain energy

(get food):

1) Consumers (heterotrophs) - get their energy from other organisms (parasite or decomposer)

-parasites – organisms that feed on living things

-decomposers - get food from breaking down dead matter into simple chemicals

**(Bacteria are the #1 decomposer)

2) Producers (autotrophs)- bacteria that make their own food through photosynthesis

Shapes of Bacteria• Scientists often classify

bacteria by their shape:

– Spiral-shaped- (Spirilla) occur in single strands

– Rod-Shaped – (Bacilli) may occur singly or in chains

– Round-shaped – (Cocci) may occur singly or in pairs, chains, or clusters

How Do They Get Energy?

• Producers and Consumers (Parasite or Decomposer)

• Bacteria use osmosis and diffusion in order to take in water & nutrients so they can grow and

divide, as well as make the materials needed to survive.

• Osmosis – the movement of water through a membrane from an area of higher concentration to an area of lower concentration

• Diffusion – the tendency of a substance to move from an area of higher concentration to an area of lower concentration

Where Are They Found?

• Bacteria are found everywhere – they can be beneficial or harmful

Good for the Environment

• Life as we know it could not exist without bacteria!!

• Nitrogen-fixing bacteria consume nitrogen and change it into a form that plants can use.

• Nature’s recyclers- decomposers(Dead material/Waste would never decompose)

• Bioremediation-bacteria is used to clean up oil spills

Good for People

• Scientists can genetically engineer bacteria for many purposes, including the production of medicines, insecticides, cleaners, adhesives, foods, etc.

• Bacteria are used to make antibiotics to fight other bacteria.

• Insulin- Bacteria is used to help to make insulin

• Digestion-inside your gut

Feeding Time

• Every time you eat cheese, yogurt, buttermilk, or sour cream, you also eat a lot of lactic-acid bacteria

• The lactic acid acts as a preservative and adds flavor to the food

Harmful Bacteria

• Pathogenic bacteria cause diseases

• Pathogenic bacteria invade a host organism and obtain nutrients from the host’s cells (parasite)

• Bacterial Diseases: tooth decay,

ulcers, strep throat, food poisoning,

Lyme disease, Bubonic plague

Scientists believe that Archea and Bacteria are the oldest

forms of life on earth!!!!

• BrainPOP | Bacteria