king.jpschools.orgking.jpschools.org/.../128/2017/01/7.0-EOC-REVIEW-PAC… · Web viewUnderline the independent variable, circle the dependent variable, list 3 control variables

Name:___________________________________________ Period #:____BIG GOAL: 100% of Scientists will receive a score of GOOD or EXCELLENT on the Biology EOC

Unit 7 EOC Review: Packet 2 Thurs 11/14/13_______________________________________________________________________________________________

EOC Review Homework 2 (scored for completion) ________ / 4 QPs = 4 TEST GRADES

Inquiry Review1. Underline the independent variable, circle the dependent variable, list 3 control variables and write a hypothesis:

Question Control Variables Hypothesis

a. How does the amount of light affect the growth of a plant?

Soil type, amount of water, type of plant

If a plant receives more light then it will grow more.

b. How does the amount of oxygen in the water affect the oyster population?

Location of bed, salinity, depth of water

If the oyster population gets more oxygen then they will reproduce more.

c. How does the type of fertilizer used on a field affect the number of earthworms found there?

Location of the field, type of soilIf the fertilizer used on the field is high in Nitrogen content then the number of earthworms will be greater.

Cells Review2. Match each organelle with the description of its function.

Organelle Function

Cell wall J. A. Structure that contains DNA and directs cell activities

Lysosome H. B. Regulates what enters and exits cell

Ribosome E. C. Packages proteins and lipids

Endoplasmic Reticulum G. D. Captures energy from sun and converts to chemical energy (site of photosynthesis)

Nucleus A. E. Small structure that synthesizes protein

Cytoplasm I. F. Stores water and nutrients

Golgi C. G. Tubes and sacs that transport protein

Cell Membrane B. H. Sac filled with digestive chemicals

Chloroplast D. I. Jelly-like substance within the plasma membrane

Vacuole F. J. Additional support & protection for prokaryotic and plant cells

Mitochondria K. K. Structure that turns oxygen & sugar into ATP energy (site of cellular respiration)

3. List 3 differences between prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells _____________Prokaryotes are smaller, less

complex, and have no membrane bound organelles such as a

nucleus____________________________________________________________________________________

4. Compare active and passive transport, provide examples of each. Active transport requires energy to move

substances from a low concentration to a high concentration, against the concentration gradient, exp.

Endocytosis. Passive requires no energy, it is moving substances from a high conc. to a low conc., exp. Diffusion

5. Explain the role of enzymes in the function of cells _Enzymes allow cells to carry out metabolic chemical reactions

faster than normal by lowering the activation energy.__________________________________

Genetics Review6. List 3 differences between mitosis and meiosis Mitosis:is for growth and repair, it creates two daughter somatic

cells that are genetically identical to ea. other and the parent, they are diploid. Meiosis: is for reproduction, it

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creates four daughter gamete calls that are genetically different from ea. other and the parent, they are also

haploid.

7. Compare DNA and RNA (2 similarities, 2 differences DNA and RNA are both nucleic acids composed of

nucleotides, Both have sugar and phosphate backbones and nitrogen bases. DNA is double stranded and

contains thymine, while RNA is single stranded and has Uracil instead of Thymine.

8. Label the following as: homozygous, heterozygous, dominant, recessive, genotype, phenotype, trait (you may use more than one term for each)

HH Homozygous Dominant, Genotype Pp Heterozygous, Genotype

Brown Hair Phenotype, trait Lowercase letters Recessive

Tt Heterozygous, Genotype Green eyes Phenotype, trait

Capital letters Dominant Dd Heterozygous, Genotype

9. Read the description and determine the genotype of each parent. Use “B” and “b”.Description Parent 1 Genotype Parent 2 Genotype

A heterozygous parent is crossed with homozygous recessive parent Bb bb

Black fur is dominant over brown fur. A parent who is heterozygous is crossed with a parent with brown fur.

Bb bb

10. Complete the Punnett square (monohybrid cross) to answer the questions.Scenario Punnett Square Genotype Ratio Phenotype Ratio

A parent who is heterozygous is crossed with a parent who is homozygous recessive. Use “B” and “b”.

Brown hair (B) is dominant over blonde hair (b). A parent who is homozygous for brown hair is crossed with a parent who is blonde.

The gene for tall plants (T) shows complete dominance over the gene for short plants (t). A homozygous tall plant is crossed with a short plant.

11. Label the genotypes of each individual in the pedigrees below to determine the mode of inheritance. Explain.Pedigree Mode of Inheritance and >2 reasons how you know

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Sex Linked Recessive- males affected more than females, sick kids with healthy parents

Autosomal Dominant- males and females affected equally, sick kids with at least one sick parent

Autosomal Recessive- more women affected, sick kids with healthy parents

12. Define genetic engineering and describe 2 biotechnology techniques Genetic Engineering is changing an organism’s characteristics by modifying its DNA. Creation of recombinant DNA, Polymerase Chain Reaction

13. List 2 positive and 2 negative effects of advances in biotechnology ______More crops, hardier crops- Positive

____Negative- Ethical Concerns, Possible side effects of Genetically Modified

Crops_____________________________________________________________________________________

Evolution Review14. List the 4 types of evidence for evolution and explain why / how it provides support for the theory of evolution.

Type of Evidence Why / how it supports evolutionary theory

Anatomical (Anatomy) Homologous structures show how a common ancestor underwent divergent evolution. Analogous

Fossils Physical Record of change over time, know radioactive dating and relative dating

DNA similarities More DNA more recent common ancestor

Embryology Vertebrate embryos are similar in beginning because of common ancestor

15. Use the dichotomous key to ID the tree branch.

Ecology Review

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Pitch Pine



16. Write the balanced equation for photosynthesis_________

17. Write the balanced equation for cellular respiration______________

18. How are these 2 processes related? ________products of one are the reactants of the other_____

19. Contrast these 2 processes_ PS: takes place in autotrophs , changes solar energy into chemical energy

CR:__takes place in auto and heterotrophs, changes the chemical energy in glucose to ATP

20. What is ATP? Where is it made / stored in the cell? ____________Adenosine Triphosphate,

mitochondria_____________________________________

21. List 3 ways carbon dioxide (CO2) enters the atmosphere __________combustion, respiration,

decomposition_______________________________________________________________________________

22. Use the food web to answer the following questionsa. What organisms are the producers? Blossoms, nuts, bark,

leaves

b. What organisms are herbivores? bees, deer, mice, rabbit, insects

c. What organisms are the highest level consumers? Bear, wolf, red fox

d. Predict the effect if a virus kills all of the blossoms. It would lead to the bees extinction and cause the other insect population to decrease.

23. Create an energy pyramid from the food chain: leaves insects birds redfox bear. There is 200, 000 J of energy at the lowest level.

Systems & Health Review24. Match the body system to its function

System Function

Nervous B. A. Absorbs nutrients from food; Eliminates solid waste

Immune H. B. controls and coordinates body functions; responds to stimuli

Reproductive E. C. Filters & removes wastes, excess water & salt from blood; Maintains blood pH

Excretory C. D. Gas exchange (CO2 out, O2 in)

Endocrine G. E. Produces gametes and sex hormones

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Bear- 20J

Fox- 200J

Birds- 2000J

Insects- 20,000J

Leaves- 200,000J



Respiratory D. F. Transports nutrients around the body; Gas exchange (CO2 out, O2 in)

Digestive A. G. glands that release hormones

Circulatory F. H. Fights infection

25. List ways you can decrease your chances of getting the following diseases:

a. Flu or common cold___Wash hands, cover_mouth/nose when sneezing or coughing, flu vaccine before infection ___________________________________________________________________

b. Melanoma____use sunscreen, limit UV

exposure__________________________________________________________________________

c. Malaria or West Nile Virus _____Mosquito netting, Mosquito

spray_____________________________________________________________

d. STIs like chlamydia or herpes Protection,

Abstinance_______________________________________________________________

26. Explain what a vaccine is, how it works, and list at least 3 diseases that people get vaccinated against _________

_An injection of dead or weakened pathogens that allows the body’s to produce antibodies

MC Practice Qs

27. What does the DNA code direct the cell to manufacture?A. ProteinB. Amino acidsC. Hydrogen bondsD. Sugars

28. How do prokaryotic cells differ from eukaryotic cells?A. Prokaryotic cells are living and eukaryotic cells are non-livingB. Prokaryotic cells lack a true nucleus and membrane bound

organellesC. Prokaryotic cells are much larger than eukaryotic cells D. Prokaryotic cells require oxygen and eukaryotic cells do not

29. What do you call a molecule that speeds up a chemical reaction but is not changed by the reaction?A. ProductB. ReactantC. EnzymeD. protein

30. In grassland ecosystems, how do populations of herbivores respond to fluctuations in food resources?A. They migrateB. They hibernateC. They reproduceD. They estivate

31. Which correctly shows the biological organization from LEAST complex to MOST complex?A. Ecosystem population species tissueB. Species organism organ tissueC. Tissue organ organism populationD. Cell organ system organ ecosystem

32. One important way to control the spread of viruses is throughA. The use of vaccinesB. Wearing appropriate attireC. The use of other types of bacteriaD. The use of antibiotics

33. Biological pest control involves the use of one or several kinds of insects to act as predators or parasites to control other insect species that damage a particular area, usually a crop. This must be done without causing adverse effects to humans, animals or the larger environment. Which of the following insect activities would be the LEAST useful as a biological pest control mechanism?A. Some kinds of wasp lay their eggs on the bodies of aphids;

the larvae then eat the aphid as they grow.B. Lacewing larvae will eat almost any other insect of suitable

size, including caterpillars and aphids.C. Both adult ladybugs and ladybug larvae eat aphids and mites.D. Army ants swarm through a habitat, eating every insect

species they encounter.

34. Plants produce oxygen which animals use. Animals produce carbon dioxide which plants use. Predict the most likely outcome if airborne pollution blocked the sun’s rays so significantly that the percentage of living plants was decreased by 95%.A. Plants would quickly evolve to consume a

mixture of oxygen and carbon dioxideB. Animals would quickly evolve to begin

using carbon dioxideC. The atmosphere would fill with carbon

dioxide, and animals would begin to die.D. The atmosphere would fill with oxygen,

and animals would begin to die.

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35. Cell differentiation occurs between which 2 stages?

A. Stage 1 and 2B. Stage 2 and 3C. Stage 3 and 4D. Stage 4 and 5

36. Vscan developed by GE is a new pocket-sized ultrasound device. This device, no larger than a flip-phone, will allow doctors to see a patient’s internal organs at a glance. Which step will MOST help GE determine if this device is beneficial to doctors and patients?A. Developing color cases for the deviceB. Upgrading the device for use with wireless

technologyC. Testing the device in various hospitals around the

worldD. Telling children about the device

37. The removal efforts of the Water Chestnut Eradication project attempted to remove the invasive plant from American river systems. In 1999, 200, 000 lbs of water chestnuts were removed from Maryland waterways. In 2000, around 1,000 lbs were removed. In 2001, less than 500 lbs were removed. Which graph correctly represents this data?

38. A 200 gram fossil was discovered. Radiometric techniques determine the fossil contains about 105 grams of lead-207 and about 95 grams of uranium 235. Using the table, determine the approximate age of the fossil.

A. 350 million yearsB. 700 million yearsC. 34, 300 yearsD. 100 million years

39. What statement best explains why all the energy seen at the second and third level is not passed along to the top level?

A. Some is lost to the environment as heat, some is used for reproduction, movement and growth of organisms at that level

B. Some is used for decomposers, some is given away to other animals and some is used in machinery to keep the system clean

C. Most of it is used to evade predatorsD. Some is used to chew the food

40. Which nutrient cycle is depicted in the diagram?

A. WaterB. CarbonC. NitrogenD. phosphorus

41. Homeostasis is the term for relatively stable internal environment maintained by an organism. During physical exertion, animals begin to respire (breathe) heavily. What is the purpose of the heavy breathing?

A. To decrease heat lossB. To increase the amount of oxygen available to

cells and remove excess waterC. To increase the amount of oxygen available to

cells and remove carbon dioxideD. To increase the carbon dioxide available to cells

and remove oxygen

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A



42. Fabio did an experiment involving the growth of plants. Seedlings were planted in pots and then set up as shown in the diagram, which shows week 16 of the experiment. All of the plants were planted in the same type of soil, given the same amount of light and water, and were kept at constant temperature. Which of the following statements is a valid conclusion that Fabio can draw from his experiment?

A. The plants used in the experiment tend to grow toward their light sourceB. The plants used in the experiment will always tend to grow away from their light sourceC. All plants need a light sourceD. The size of the plant is a function of the amount of light it receives

43. A scientist is examining the amount of time it takes cells to complete the cell cycle. At the end of the experiment, he checks his data but it was not what he expected. Which of the following actions would help him verify his data?A. Repeat the experimentB. Publish the resultsC. Clean up the labD. Make a new hypothesis

44. Recently, researchers have used a gene found in fish, called the fat-1 gene, to create a variety of omega-3 pigs. Using your knowledge of biotechnology, how do you think researchers were able to produce this type of pig?A. Selective breedingB. Natural breedingC. Recombinant technologyD. Gel electrophoresis

45. Which of the following groups is the control group for the experiment described below?

A. Group 4B. Group 3C. Group 2D. Group 1

46. A free-living unicellular organism reproduces asexually. A student made a diagram of its life cycle. If the parent cell contains 2 chromosomes, how many chromosomes are contained within each daughter cell?A. 7B. 1C. 2D. 56

47. What is one benefit of genetically engineered plants?A. They are renewable resourcesB. They allow crops to be grown in many climatesC. They use chemicals that harm the earthD. They cause allergies

48. Which word below describes smallpox?A. Non-contagiousB. ContagiousC. HeretitaryD. Large

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49. Karen wants to win a blue ribbon at the fair this year for the largest tomato plants. She would like to compare two new plant foods on her tomato plants to see if they really make the plants grow larger. Karen designs an experiment to see which plant food induces plant growth. She uses the procedure below. Which part of the experiment is plant height?

A. ControlB. VariableC. DataD. Experimental

50. Which organelle is responsible for making food for the plant from sunglight?

A. Box A – chloroplastB. Box B – endoplasmic reticulumC. Box C – cell membraneD. Box D - vacuole

51. Research studies tagged the amino acid base uracil with a radioactive tag. They then measured the amount present in 3 samples. Which statement is a valid conclusion?

A. Sample A was an RNA moleculeB. Sample B was an RNA moleculeC. Sample B was a DNA moleculeD. Sample C was an RNA molecule

52. What type of animal do you predict has the greatest impact on the other members of the animal kingdom?

A. InvertebratesB. BirdsC. MammalsD. Reptiles

53. Which level of biological organization is shown in the picture?A. OrganB. Organ systemC. OrganismD. tissue

54. Which equation below correctly shows the process of cellular respiration?

55. What 2 organs are useful in excreting chemical toxins from the human body?A. Stomach and lungsB. Liver and kidneyC. Bladder and eyeD. Heart and skin

56. Josh went for a morning jog. What molecule must his muscle cells use for energy?A. ATPB. ADPC. DNAD. RNA

57. A cell is placed in a highly concentrated solution of glucose. What will most likely happen to the cell?A. It will shrinkB. It will swellC. It will remain the sameD. It will swell then shrink

58. Among land dwelling organisms, where does 100% of their needed energy ultimately come from?A. VolcanoesB. The sunC. The soilD. Water

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59. What do you predict would happen if another shark species moved into this area?

A. Initially, plankton and kelp populations would increaseB. Over time, otters and fish populations would increaseC. Initially, otter, fish and shark species would decreaseD. Over time, abalone, kelp and plankton will decrease

60. Which correctly lists the order of events that formed this cross section of rock?

A. First volcanic ash was deposited then layer Z, Y and X were deposited

B. First layers X,Y,Z were deposited then volcanic ash was deposited

C. First layers X,Y,Z were deposited then uplifted, then volcanic ash was deposited

D. First the earthquake occurred, then layer Z, Y and X were deposited. Finally, volcanic ash was deposited.

61. Which best represents osmosis?

62. Which of the following is the body’s internal reaction to the introduction of a foreign pathogen?A. MetabolismB. The presence of tears in the eyesC. HomeostasisD. The inflammation response

63. Which organ system can the human body survive without?A. The nervous systemB. The circulatory systemC. The digestive systemD. The reproductive system

64. Which best separates mammals from other organisms?A. They are endothermicB. They have teethC. They produce milkD. They use tools

65. What do AIDS, the common cold, smallpox and warts have in common?A. They are caused by bacteriaB. They are caused by virusesC. They are curableD. They are found in the natural environment

66. In 2010, according to the Centers for Disease Control, more people died from lung cancer than any other type of cancer. Which prevention method will decrease your chances of developing cancer?A. Eat a diet low in saturated fatB. Avoid tobacco productsC. Exercise dailyD. Decrease intake of refined sugars

67. Continuous subcutaneous insulin infusion (CSII) is a new device that delivers human insulin hormone throughout the skin. What disease is treated by using CSII?A. Heart diseaseB. Swine fluC. CancerD. Diabetes

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B



68. Animals use natural insulation to escape extremes in temperatures. Which of the following is LEAST likely an example of an animal using natural insulation?A. A woodpecker building a nest inside a treeB. Woodchuck hibernating inside a denC. Prairie dogs build underground coloniesD. A bird singing a mating song

69. What inheritance pattern is most likely demonstrated in the pedigree for widow’s peak shown below?A. Dominant traitB. Recessive traitC. Codominant traitD. Mutating trait

70. A fossil discovered in Africa contains 7.5g of protactinium-231 and 2.5 g of uranium-235. Which graph correctly shows the relationship between parent and daughter isotopes?

71. Which type of bird foot is best adapted to walking on the ground?

72. This figure shows the convection currents that often occur in microclimates near the shore. What statement offers the BEST explanation of this phenomena?

A. The Sun’s rays strike water more completely than land surfacesB. Bodies of water heat and cool slower than soilsC. Soils heat and cool slower than bodies of waterD. Solis reflect more light waves than bodies of water

73. Use the image to determine which fossil is the oldest.A. Fossil 1B. Fossil 2C. Fossil 3D. Fossil 4

74. Which component of blood is responsible for digesting and destroying disease-causing pathogens?A. PlateletsB. Plasma C. White blood cellsD. Red blood cells

75. Frost resistance is a genetically engineered trait with dominant inheritance. What percent of plants will be frost resistant from a cross of two heterozygous plants? A. 25%B. 50%C. 75%D. 100%

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C.

C



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king.jpschools.orgking.jpschools.org/.../128/2017/01/7.0-EOC-REVIEW-PAC… · Web viewUnderline the independent variable, circle the dependent variable, list 3 control variables