The peace treaty of Bucharest in August 1913 and f~rther agreements made in Istanbul in September forced Bulgaria to renounce the Dobrudsha aud Silistria in favor of Romania, the territory of Macedonia in favor of Serbia, and to cede the coastal parts of Egeia to Greece.

The participation of ~ntenegro in the Balkan War resulted in the en- largement of the little kingdom. The battle of Kum~uowo was symbolic revenge for the battle on the Kosowo Field in 1389.

In the mamory of the Balkan War, in 1913 King Ni~ola I founded a bronze- gilt commemorative medal, which is circular, in an average of 34 ram., a width of 2 ram. and a ~eight of 19.80 gr. The rim of the medal is slightly elevated on both sides. On the obverse the mlut used the old portrait of the medallist Schmartz, the profile of K~ng Nikola I adorned with a laurel wreath which had appeared on the med~l of 1910. The inscription in the upper part of the medal: NIKOLA I. KRAL CRNOGORSKI (NIK~LA I. KING OF MONTE~F~R0). In the lower part of the medal is a half-wreath formed on the left side by laurel snd on the right by oak. The ’branches are bound by a ribbon. The signature of the Viennese medallist Schmartz is absent.

On the reverse is a scene showin8 .au officer clothed in typical ~bntene- grin military costume, standing upon a plateau. This plateau is in the fore- ground covered By cannon, under whose barrel is a booted Turkish military drum and a Turkish flag. The officer is holding in his right hand a curving sabre, in his left the staff of the Montenegrin w~r-fla~, that is, a red flag edged with gold with the crowned golden Montenegrin eagle in the center. Visible in the backsround is the peak of the highest Montenegrin mountain, Lowtshen, in the distance, the summits of other Montenegrin mountains and behind them on the left side a radiate rising sun. Below the mountains is the ribbon of a river.

At top is the inscription: ~A OSVET~ KOSOVA 1389-1912-13 (FOR THE REVENGE OF KOSO~ 1389-1912-13).

To the upper rim of the medal is attached a cylindric~l loop in a width of 3 ram. The triangular ribbon is a ~ar-ribbon, composed of three equal stripes, red, blue and white. The width is 40 m~. The medal is bronze gilt.

The sympathies which led many European states and nations, especislly those of Slavic origin, to the mora! and material support of the Christian states of the Balkau Federation provided the initiative for the foundation of a non-official medal struck in Prague by the medallic firm B. Picb_l and which had only one purpose: To support the war effort of the B~J_kan Federation. These medals are found in four different coinages and two types, one on a ribbon and one as a table-medal.

The Montenegrin medal is struck in bronze, Is circular and ha~ an averase diameter of 35 ram, a width of 2.3 ram. and a ~ight of 16 gr. The medal’s rim is slightly raised on both sides. On the obverse we see the en face portrait of King Nikola I, whose breast is decorated by a rich row of orders and medals. At top is the inscription: NIK~ I. ~.M. KRAL CPS~Z GORE (H.M. NIKGLA I. KING OF MONTnLNEGRO). On the right side just under the portrait is the signature of the med~llist: PICHL PRAGA, in Oyrillic letters. On the reverse, which is the same for all four types, the center sho~m a patriarchal double-beamed cross, angled by rays. with a laurel wreath framing the flanks of the cross and a. crown of thorns lying at the bottom. On the rays is the inscription: IN !

On the upper medal’s rim is a very narrow and~sli@htly vertical positioned loop with a ring for the ribbon, triangular, red, blue aud white. Its width is again ~0 m~. The other varieties of the medal show o~verse for Serbia, the

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KING NIKGLA I. OF MONTENEGRO (1841-1921)