Kimmie Lockett Enviromental Branding through Design Thinking Process Book

8/20/2019 Kimmie Lockett Enviromental Branding through Design Thinking Process Book

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[ D R D M [ B C D I M L I V [ D V M [ D I K P G @ J J @ D E H B G D Y Y

Idsàl Yc`lg`la tmgds m cujml-bdltdrdi mpprhmbc

th tcd idsàl prhbdss, pmv`la tcd pmtc ohr jhrd

sàl` bmlt idsàl idb`s`hls. Idsàl Jmlmadjdlt `s tcd

hrbcdstrmt`hl mli dxdbut`hl ho prhkedj shev`la jdtchisth brdmtd jdml`laoue mli `lohrjdi sheut`hls. @ kde`dvd

Idsàl Jmlmadrs ièmtd tcd mppe`bmt`hl ho idsàl `l hur

dvdryimy dxpdr`dlbds7 rdid l`la idsàl ms m ohrj, mli

`lst`tut`la `t ms m jdtchi. Idsàl Jmlmadrs brdmtd tcd

bhli`t`hls th `llhvmtd, bheemkhrmtd, mli shevd tcrhuac m

kus`ldss mli idsàl ehvdodst.

DL_@[HLJDLYME K[MLI@LA

O @ L M E V [ H N D B Y RT K J @ Y Y D I Y H Y C D O M B T EY P H O Y C D I D R @ A L J M L M A D J D LY V [ H A [ M J M Y Y C D R M _ M L L M C B H E E D A D H O M [ Y M L I I D R @ A L

H L L H _ D J K D [ = 0 , ; 6 = 4 @ L V M [ Y @ M E O T E O @ E E J D LY H O Y C D [ D ] T @ [ D J D LY R O H [ Y C D I D A [ D D H O J M RY D [ H O M [ Y R @ L I D R @ A L J M L M A D J D LY.

YC[HTAC IDR@AL YC@LG@LA


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Ycd dei ho Idsàl Jmlmadjdlt `s m jhime`ty ohr vmeud brdmt`hl, tcrhuac wc`bc

prhkedjs mrd i`stdlidi `l tcd prhbdss ho brdmt`vd prhkedj shev`la. Yc`s stuiy wms

bhliubtdi th miirdss tcd b`rbuemthry prhbdss ho bhjjul`bmt`hl kdtwddl m krmli mli

tcd`r bhlsujdr ky wmy ho dlv`rhljdltme idsàl. Ycd hkndbt`vd ho tc`s stuiy ̀ s th brdmtd

jdtchis ohr mpprhmbc`la tc`s bhjjul`bmt`hl, kus`ldss, mli idsàl bcmeedlad. Ky

ulidrstmli`la wcdrd `li`rdbt bhjjul`bmt`hl hbburs -- `.d. tcrhuac bhehr tcdhry, wmyli`la, syjkhe`sj mli msshb`mt`hl -- krmli rdprdsdltmt`vds `l idb`s`hl-jmg`la rheds

mrd mked th kuèi dlv`rhljdlts tcmt spdmg th tcd`r mui`dlbd. Ky mbglhwedia`la tcd

rdemt`hlsc`p kdtwddl jmttdr mli jdml`la, m krmli jdssmad ̀ s jhrd doodbt`vdey iòousdi

mli ìdlt` di tcrhuac tcd bmebuemtdi burmt`hl ho mjk`dlt, v`sume, mli emyhut idsàl.

P H T M [ D Y C D M [ Y @ RYY C D K [ M L I @ R P H T [ J D I @ T JP H T [ D L _ @ [ H L J D LY @ R P H T [ B M L _ M RV M @ LY J D M V @ B Y T [ D

`ltrhiubt`hl


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Yc`s whrg `s idi`bmtdi th jy jhtcdr, wchsd strdlatc mli brdmt`v`ty

`lsp`rds mli bcmeedlads jd dvdry imy.

idi`bmt`hl


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@ whuei e`gd th mbglhwediad Kèe Edd, bcm`r ho Idsàl Jmlmamjdlt, ohr

mewmys putt`la stuidlts‐ subbdss mli wdeekd`la mt tcd thp ho c`s madlim.

@ whuei e`gd th tcmlg [da`lm [hwemli, wch ombè`tmtdi tc`s prhndbt, bcmeedladi

us, mli jmid us kdttdr idsàldrs. @ whuei mesh e`gd th tcmlg Rmrm Nhclshl,

wch tmuact jd tcd prhbdss ho idsàl rdsdmrbc mli buet`vmtdi jy bmpmb`ty

ohr mlmeys`s. Emstey, @ whuei mesh e`gd th rdbhal`zd jy pddrs, wch cmvd

brdmtdi m bueturd ho bheemkhrmt`hl, supphrt, mli mee-mrhuli ahhi v`kds.

mbglhwediadjdlts


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V[HNDBY O[MJ@LA =2

RTKNDBY HO RYTIP =9

V[HKEDJ RYMYDJDLY =9

YM[AD Y MT I@ DLB D =4

VT[VHRD HO V[HNDBY =4

RBHVD HO V[HNDBY =?

R@A@O@BMLBD HO RYTIP =3

tmked ho bhltdlts

V[HNDBY VHR@Y@HL@LA ;=

HVVH[YTL@YP RYMYDJDLY ;;

BHJVDY@YH[R MLMEPR@R ;2

^MA RYDVR ;4

_METD V[ HVHR @Y @H L 29

HLE@LDRR RYMYDJDLY 29

[DRDM[BC MBY@_@Y@DR MLI RPLYCDR@R 21

[DRDM[BC JDYCHIHEHAP 23

[DRDM[BC ]TDRY@HL JMY[@S 96

[DRDM[BC V[HYHBHER 9;

[DRDM[BC MBY@_@Y@DR 92

IMYM V[HBDRR @LA MLI MLMEPR@R 99

@LYD[_@DQR MY M AEMLBD 9?

RT[_DP [DRTEYR H_D[_@DQ 91

BMRD RYTI@DR 93

[DRDM[BC RVMBD O@LI@LAR 4?

[DRDM[BC @LR@ACYR


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IDR@AL HVVH[YTL@Y@DR ?=& B[@YD[@M. [DO[MJ@LA

HVVH[YTL@Y@DR OH[ IDR@AL ?;

IDR@AL B[@YD[@M ??

[DO[MJ@LA ?0

V[HYHYPVD ID_DEHVJDLY 1=& YDRY@LA

V[DE@J@LM[P BHLBDVYR 1;

BHLBDVY IDR@AL 14

BHLBDVY YDRY@LA O@LI@LAR 1?& V[HYHYPVDR

BCHRDL BHLBDVY & _ME@IMY@HL 32

O@LME IDR@AL YH JM[GDY 34

ML DL_ @[ HLJDLYME ID R@ AL 3? YH HE G@ Y

KTR@LDRR JHIDE BML_MR 09

@JVEDJDLYMY@HL VEML 04

BHLBETR@HLR & [DB‐R 01

BHLBETR@HLR 03

[DBHJJDLIMY@HLR 00

[DOD[DLBDR =66

MBMI DJ@B [DOD [DLBDR =6 6

KT^^-[D_@DQ RHT[BDR =6;

O@AT[DR =62

MVD LI @B DR =64

MV VDLI@S M> Y@ JDE@ LD =6 ?

MV VDLI@S K> R@ ALDI =6 3

BHLRDLY OH[JR

MV VDLI@S B> RT [_ DP == 6

[DRTEYR

MV VDLI@S I> @L YD[_ @DQ == ;

]TDRY@HLR & Y[MLRB@VYR

MV VDLI@S D> QH [G @LA QME E == 9

@L V[HA[DRR


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V[HNDBY O[MJ@LA


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@l tc`s stuiy, tcd Idsàl Yc`lg`la mpprhmbc wms mppe`di th krmli`la ky uldmrtc`la

idsàl hpphrtul`t`ds ohr mbc`dv`la krmli rdshlmlbd w`tc`l m sdrv`bd dlv`rhljdlt.

RTKNDBY HO RYTIP

Qcdl m pcys`bme spmbd `s tcd pr`jmry bhlldbt`hl kdtwddl m kus`ldss mli `ts

busthjdr, `t `s ulmvhìmked tcmt tcd bhlsujdr wèe kd `l udlbdi ky tcd kus`ldss‐s

dlv`rhljdltme idsàl (K`tldr, =00;). Ycd sdrv`bd `liustry‐s kus`ldss-th-bhlsujdr

jmrgdts‐ pr`jmry `ltdrmbt`hl w`tc tcd`r bhlsujdrs tmgds pembd `l m pcys`bme

dlv`rhljdlt. Ycd pcys`bme usdr dxpdr`dlbd cms moodbts hl bhlsujdrs‐ pdrbdpt`hls,

msshb`mt`hls, mli kdcmv`hrs thwmris m krmli. @o kus`ldss hwldrs mli tcd`r tdmj

ih lht bhlsìdr chw tcd sdrv`bd dlv`rhljdlt (mesh glhwl ms tcd sdrv`bdsbmpd) `s m

rd dbt`hl ho tcd krmli, krmli ìdlt`ty mli krmli msshb`mt`hl mrd j`spembdi. Qdee-

glhwl krmlis mrd kus`ldssds tcmt krmli mbrhss mee usdr thubcph`lts, `lbeui`la

idsàl`la tcd dxpdr`dlbds mli tcd dlv`rhljdlts wcdrd tcd sdrv`bd `s bhliubtdi.

Rjmee th jì-s`zd kus`ldssds, bhjpmrmt`vdey, cmvd `ssuds kuèi`la krmli rdshlmlbd.

Ohr tcdsd kus`ldssds, tcdrd `s tcd phss`kè`ty ohr vmeud brdmt`hl `l tcd bhlsb`hus doohrt

th bhjjul`bmtd tcd `ltdlidi krmli tcrhuac tcd sdtt`las mli v`sume i`sbhursd `l tcd`r

dlv`rhljdltme idsàl.

V[HKEDJ RYMYDJDLY

V [ H N D B Y O [ M J @ L A=9


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Ycd tmradt mui`dlbd ohr tc`s prhndbt mrd tcd brdmt`vd i`rdbthrs (hr m bhjpmrmked

phs`t`hl), sthrd idsàldrs, mli armpc`b idsàldrs ho sjmee th jdiùj-s`zdi kus`ldssds

w`tc`l tcd sdrv`bd `liustry.

YM[ADY MTI@DLBD

Ycd ohbus ho tc`s prhndbt wms th prdsdlt hpphrtul`t`ds ohr bhjjul`bmt`hl mli krmli`la `l

sdrv`bdsbmpds ky ulidrstmli`la tcd doodbts ho dlv`rhljdltme idsàl hl usdr pdrbdpt`hl.

VT[VHRD HO V[HNDBY

V [ H N D B Y O [ M J @ L A =4


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RBHVDHO V[HNDBYYcd bhltdxt ho tc`s prhndbt `s sdt `l m sdrv`bd kus`ldss‐s dlv`rhljdltme

emlisbmpd, `lvhev`la tcd stma`la mli mrrmladjdlt ho v`sume jmttdr

`lbeui`la emyhut, sàlmad mli armpc`bs, mjk`dlt idtmès, mli `ltdr`hr

idsàl dedjdlts.

Rdrv`bdsbmpd `s tcd stma`la mli mrrmladjdlt ho m kus`ldss‐sdlv`rhljdlt7 m kus`ldss tcmt whrgs w`tc`l tcd Rdrv`bd @liustry. @t

`lbeuids emyhut, sàlmad mli armpc`bs, mjk`mlbd, mli `ltdr`hr idsàl.

Ohr rdsdmrbc purphsds, tcd Rdrv`bd @liustry `s id ldi ms> kus`ldssds

tcmt dmrl rdvdlud ky sdee`la sdrv`bds mli/hr prhiubts.

Yc`s prhndbt `s ohbusdi hl Kus`ldss-th-Bhlsujdr (K;B) jmrgdts

`l tcd sdrv`bd `liustry, wcdl tcd kus`ldss‐s pr`jmry bhltmbt w`tc m

bhlsujdr tmgds pembd `l m pcys`bme spmbd.

Oàurd = Qched Ohhis `l Rmvmllmc. Adhra`m


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BHLYDLYR MLI RTKNDBY JMYYD[

Y@JDE@LD>0.4 QDDGR

EHBMY@HL> RM_MLMC, AM.

BHJJTL@BMY@HL IDR@AL

IDR@AL JMLMADJDLY

IDR@AL YC@LG@LA @L KTR@LDRR

RD[_@BDRBMVD YPVHEHAP

DL_@[HLJDLYME VRPBCHEHAP OH[ IDR@AL

_@RTME BHJJTL @BMY@H LR

K[MLI@LA

RDJ@HY@BR


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Ycd mppe`bmt`hl ho Idsàl Yc`lg`la th Dlv`rhljdltme Krmli`la wèe brdmtd phs`t`vd doodbts

ohr kus`ldss mli krmli`la prmbt`bds. Ycd `lbeus`hl ho bhjjul`bmt`hl tcdhr`ds `l tc`s stuiy

dxphsds `li`rdbt bhjjul`bmt`hl moodbt`la tcd usdr dxpdr`dlbd. Yc`s stuiy prdsdlts ml

hpphrtul`ty ohr kus`ldssds mli tcd`r usdrs th bhlldbt hl ml djht`hlme mli pcys`heha`bme

edvde us`la tcd syjkhe`b mli bhjjul`bmt`vd lmturd ho mdstcdt`bs.

Yc`s prhndbt wms brdmtdi ohr sbme`la sdrv`bd kus`ldssds th dxpehrd mli suksujd jdtchis ho

Idsàl Yc`lg`la bhjjul`bmt`hl idsàl w`tc`l tcd`r sdrv`bdsbmpd, `l tcd doohrts th jdi`mtd

kdtwddl tcd krmli `ltdlt`hl, brdmtdi ky tcd kus`ldss, mli krmli msshb`mt`hl, brdmtdi ky tcd

usdr. @t `s `jphrtmlt th ulidrstmli chw ml dlv`rhljdlt `s kd`la pdrbd`vdi ky tcd usdr. ―Ycd

kàadst j`stmgd `l bhjjul`bmt`hl `s mssuj`la `t cms hbburrdi,‚ (Drw`l, ;6=9). @o m kus`ldss

mihpts ldw hraml`zmt`hlme prhbdssds th `jprhvd tcd`r bhjjul`bmt`hl prhbdssds, tcdy wèe li

tcmt busthjdrs cmvd jhrd phs`t`vd msshb`mt`hls mli m kdttdr ulidrstmli`la ho tcmt kus`ldss.

Ohrtòy`la jy rheds ms m Idsàl Rtrmtda`st mli m Bhjjul`bmt`hl Idsàldr, bhliubt`la

tc`s stuiy `s ml hpphrtul`ty ohr jd th èeustrmtd tcd phs`t`vd doodbts bhjjul`bmt`hl idsàl

strmtda`ds cmvd hl arhw`la kus`ldssds.

R@AL@O@BMLBD HO RYTIP

V [ H N D B Y O [ M J @ L A=3


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V [ H N D B Y O [ M J @ L A =0

KTR@LDRR QH[EI BHLRTJD[ QH[EI

EHA@B DJHY@HL

Rukbhlsb`hus ids`rds

Djht`hlme msp`rmt`hls

Idsàl st`jue`

Aut `lst`lbt

Rdlshry dxpehrmt`hls

Eòd trmlsohrj`la ìdms

Yrdli mlmeys`s & ohrdbmst

Jmrgdt dvmeumt`hl

Rb`dltò`b survdys

Mui` ts

Krmli dvmeumt`hl

Krmli vmeìmt`hl

Krmli strmtday

Oàurd ; Krmlinmjj`la

Mimptmt`hl ho jhide ky Jmb Ahkd (Djht`hlme Krmli`la, EEB) hl tcd ―Krmlinmj‚ jdtchi th cujml`zd krmlis (Ehbgwhhi, ;660).


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V[HNDBY VHR@Y@HL@LA


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BHLBDLY[MY@HL HL MDRYCDY@B IDR@AL

BHLBDLY[MY@HL HL JM[GDY@LA RY[MYDAP

VCPR@BME TRD[ DSVD[@DLBDI@A@YME TRD[ DSVD[@DLBD

Tsdr @ltdrmbt`hl & Tsdr Dxpdr`dlbd

Idsàl

Armpc`b Idsàl

Krmli @idlt`tyIdsàl

F Ordsc Bhlsuet`la

[dtmè / KrmliDlv`rhljdlts

F E`pp`lbhtt

Krmli Mbt`vmt`hl

F E`pp`lbhtt

Yrmlsohrj`laBusthjdr

Dxpdr`dlbds

F Vrhpcdt

Bhjjul`bmt`hlRtrmtda`ds

F E`pp`lbhtt

Kuèi`la [dedvmltKrmlis

F Vrhpcdt Krmli`la & Vhs`t`hl`la

F GdethlBhlsujdrDxpdr`dlbd

Rtrmtday

F Gdethl

Dlv`rhljdltmeKrmli`la

F L`bd Krmli`lamadlby


F Gmcedr Remtdr


F Qc`tldy Mrbc`tdbts


F AdlsedrBurr dlt krmli`la strmtda`ds prmbt`bdi ky krmli jmlmadjdlt rjs

mrd bhjpmrdi hl twh i`jdls`hls> wcdtcdr tcdy mrd kmsdi hl tcdpcys`bme hr ià`tme usdr dxpdr`dlbd mli wcdtcdr tcdy mrd m jmrgdt`la

strmtday hr ml mdstcdt`b idsàl. Krmli`la `s rhhtdi `l tcd msshb`mt`vd

qume`t`ds ho dxpdr`dlt`me mli mdstcdt`b bhjjul`bmt`hl. Yhimy, jhst

krmli`la strmtda`ds mrd brdmtdi tcrhuac m jmrgdt`la ormjdwhrg. Yc`s

i`marmj rdprdsdlts m krmli`la hpphrtul`ty sdt `l tcd pcys`bme usdr

dxpdr`dlbd mli w`tc mdstcdt`b vmeud.

Krmli`la strmtda`ds `l tcd khtthj edot qumirmlt mrd omr rdjhvdi

orhj tcd `ltdlt`hl ho tc`s prhndbt mli wdrd i`spembdi orhj tc`s

mlmeys`s. Ycd uppdr ràct qumirmlt `s tcd hpphrtul`ty spmbd, hoodr`la

krmli vmeud tcrhuac tcd pcys`bme mli mdstcdt`b usdr dxpdr`dlbd.

Ohur bhjpdt`thr-bheemkhrmthrs wdrd ìdlt` di `l tc`s spmbd. Dmbc

Dlv`rhljdltme Krmli`la strmtday cms `ts hwl ul`qud mpprhmbc,

ìdlt` di hl tcd oheehw`la pmad.

BHJVDY@YH[R MLMEPR@R

Oàurd 2 Bhjpdt`thrs Mlmeys`s

V [ H N D B Y V H R @ Y @ H L @ L A ;2

Ycd keud strhgd ìdlt` ds tcd burrdlt pmttdrl ho krmli`la strmtda`ds, wc`bc vmeudm jmrgdt`la mpprhmbc th krmli`la mli pr`hr`t`zd tcd ià`tme usdr dxpdr`dlbd. @l tcdsdrv`bd `liustry, tcd pcys`bme usdr dxpdr`dlbd `s m pr`jd bhlbdrl.


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F L`bd Krmli`lamadlby


F Gmcedr Remtdr


F Qc`tldy Mrbc`tdbts


F Adlsedr

Qc`tldy Mrbc`tdbt‐s mpprhmbc th Dlv`rhljdltme Krmli`la ̀ s th pcys`bmeeyrdprdsdlt m bhjpmly‐s bueturd ohr ̀ jprhvdi krmli phs`t`hl`la mlibhjjul`bmt`hl. Ycdy usd m bhjk`lmt`hl ho mrbc`turd, `ltdr`hr idsàl, mlisàlmad mli armpc`bs th brdmtd ardmtdr krmli mwmrdldss.

Adlsedr‐s mpprhmbc th Dlv`rhljdltme Krmli`la ̀ s tcrhuac dxpdr`dlt`meidsàl. Yc`s idsàl madlby lis hpphrtul`t`ds ohr dlamadjdlt ky li`latcd jutume tdrr`thry kdtwddl usdr kdcmv`hr mli krmli `ltdlt`hl.

Gmecdr Remtdr ulidrstmlis tcmt pcys`bme dlv`rhljdlts mrd m gdy

thubcph`lt `l krmli`la, mli tcmt jmrgdt`la mehld `s `lsuo b`dlt `lbrdmt`la krmli pdrbdpt`hls. Ycd`r mpprhmbc `s th brdmtd m sthrytdee`ladxpdr`dlbd `l m pcys`bme spmbd.

L`bd `s m krmli`la madlby wc`bc tmgds m jmrgdt`la pdrspdbt`vd th

krmli`la mjk`dlt mli v`sume sdtt`las. Ycdy bhj`ld mrbc`tdbturd, `ltdr`hridsàl, emlisbmpd idsàl, armpc`b idsàl, mli mjk`dlt idsàl th brdmtdm krmli dxpdr`dlbd.

V [ H N D B Y V H R @ Y @ H L @ L A;9

Oàurd 2 Bhjpdt`thrs Mlmeys`s


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^MA, BHLY@ LTDI

Qcmt‐s yhur v`s`hl8Yh brdmtd jhrd pedmsmlt dlv`rhljdlts mli jhrd pedmsmltdxpdr`dlbds wc`bc rdsuet ̀ l `jprhvdi lmlb`me pdrohrjmlbd

Qcmt ih yhu wmlt th mbbhjpe`sc `l 4, =6, hr ;6 ydmrs8Yh bhltr`kutd th idsàl-bdltdrdi kus`ldssds w`tc hrà`lme,strmtda`b jmtdr`me

Qcmt wmvd mrd yhu rì`la8Ycd wmvd wc`bc iòousds Idsàl Yc`lg`la `l kus`ldss

Qcmt trdli ̀ s phwdr`la yhur kus`ldss8Ycd trdli th ohstdr Idsàl Yc`lg`la

Chw phwdroue ̀ s ̀ t8@t ̀ s kdbhj`la ̀ lbrdms`laey jhrd ldbdssmry

Chw bml yhu jmgd tc`s v`s`hl pmepmked mli dxb`t`la8Ky mppey`la prhbdssds th ̀ lbrdmsd phs`t`vd hraml`zmt`hlme kdcmv`hr

Vm`lt m v`vì p`bturd ho yhur krmliYh jmgd strmtda`b, mdstcdt`b idsàl bch`bds ohr pmbgma`la m kus`ldsstcrhuac `ts dlv`rhljdltme idsàl `l m wmy tcmt mttrmbts mli dlamadstcd usdr

Jmgd m e`st ho tcd trdlis tcmt wèe phwdr yhur subbdss

=. Brdmt`la idsàl-tc`lg`la-bdltdrdi kus`ldss prmbt`bds;. Idsàl`la hpphrtul`t`ds ohr bhjjul`ty dlamadjdlt ̀ l

tc`ri pembd dlv`rhljdlts2. Qcdl bhlsujdrs mrd hvdrst`juemtdi ky mivdrt`s`la, dlv`rhljdltme

krmli`la `s ml hpphrtul`ty th bhlldbt w`tc tcd usdr ky pr`j`la spmbds kmsdi hl usdr psybchehay mli cujml-bdltdrdi idsàl

;?


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^MA, BHLY@ LTDI

Qch scmrds tcd krmlisbmpd8Bhlsuetmt`hl sdrv`bds

Qch desd bhjpdtds ̀ l yhur bmtdahry8Bhlsuetmlts mli bhlsuet`la kus`ldssds ̀ l krmli`la, idsàl,mli strmtday

Qch bhjds rst, sdbhli, mli tc`ri ̀ l busthjdr‐s j`lis8

< krmli strmtday bhlsuet`la bhjpml`ds< tcdl `lidpdlidlt bhlsuetmlts< mli tcdl `lidpdlidlt idsàl strmtda`sts

O`li hut chw yhur krmli rmlgs w`tc busthjdrs mli tcdlidsàl m strmtday th kdbhjd lujkdr hld hr twh / hr, kdbhjdtcd rst jhvdr `l m ldw bmtdahry

i`vdrsd, juetì`sb`pe`lmry, rdsdmrbc

idjhlstrmt`la brdmt`vd maè`ty (`l bhlbdptume`zmt`hl,

idsàl, mli strmtday)

`ltdarmt`vd idb`s`hl jmg`la

doodbt`vd prdsdltmt`hl ho ìdms th be`dlts

Qcmt jmgds yhu tcd –hley‐8Ohbus`la hl tcd `l-pdrshl, kus`ldss-th-bhlsujdr dxpdr`dlbdmli sc`l`la eàct hl `li`rdbt bhjjul`bmt`hl prmbt`bds wc`bcmoodbt tcd usdr dxpdr`dlbd ky tmg`la m usdr-bdltdrdi mpprhmbc thidsàl`la mli krmli`la dlv`rhljdlts

Qcmt‐s tcd hld tc`la tcmt jmgds yhur krmli khtc iòodrdlt mlibhjpdee`la8Ruromb`la `li`rdbt bhjjul`bmt`hl mli idsàl prmbt`bds th li

hpphrtul`t`ds ohr dlv`rhljdltme jhi` bmt`hl mli idsàl

Bhjpedtd m s`jped hle`ldss stmtdjdltHur krmli `s tcd hley krmli`la strmtday tcmt idsàls dxpdr`dlbdsmli msshb`mt`hls kmsdi hl bhjjul`bmt`hl tcdhr`ds mli IdsàlYc`lg`la prhbdssds

mii idtmès ky mlswdr`la wcmt, chw, wch, wcdrd, wcdl mli wcy

wcmt dlv`rhljdltme krmli`la

chw bhjjul`bmt`hl mli idsàl jmlmadjdlt strmtda`dswch tcd sdrv`bd ̀ liustrywcdrd sdrv`dsbmpds- pcys`bme spmbdswcdl wcdl stmrt`la hr sbme`la yhur kus`ldsswcy brdmt`la krmli rdshlmlbd rdsuets ̀ l jhrd phs`t`vd krmli msshb`mt`hls

m

m

m

m

;1


28/118

^MA, BHLY@ LTDI

Qcmt schuei yhu mii hr suktrmbtYcdrd `s tcd hpphrtul`ty th mii chw th krmli khtc pcys`bme mliv`rtume dlv`rhljdlts

Qcmt dx`st`la krmli dedjdlts mrd ulidrj`l`la yhur hle`ldss8Dlv`rhljdltme Krmli`la strmtda`ds burrdltey kd`la prmbt`bdi

Qcmt ldw krmli dedjdlts bhuei strdlatcdl yhur hle`ldss8

Ts`la tcd tcdhry ho sdj`ht`bs `l bhlnulbt`hl w`tc dlv`rhljdltmepsybchehay hoodrs m jhrd ̀ lohrjdi pdrspdbt`vd hlbhjjul`bmt`la th tcd usdr

Chw ih tcd rdjm`l`la dedjdlts meàl w`tc yhur v`s`hl8

Qch ehvd yhu8Ycd sdrv`bd `liustry, dspdb`meey smeds-jht`vmtdi kus`ldssds

Chw bml yhu jmlmad tcd ―a`vds mli adts‚ sh dvdryhld‐s cmppy8Ky ulidrstmli`la tcmt Dlv`rhljdltme Krmli`la ihds lht jdml`lvdst`la ̀ l m bhjpedtd idsàl hvdrcmue7 krmli`la yhur dlv`rhljdltbhuei jdml mii`la, suktrmbt`la, hr jhiòy`la jmttdr sh tcmt `t `sjhrd mpprhpr`mtdey rd dbt`vd ho tcd `ltdlidi krmli

Ky ulidrstmli`la m krmli lht ms ml hraml`zmt`hl, kut ms ml ìdlt`ty,Dlv`rhljdltme Krmli`la scmpds mli burmtds m sdtt`la wcdrd m krmli

`s v`s`ked mli dxpdr`dlt`me

Jmgd m e`st ho mee burrdlt mli pemlldi hoodr`las mli krmli dedjdlts

Ycd mjk`dlt mli v`sume jmttdr wc`bc bhltr`kutd th tcd krmli `jmad,ulidrstmli`la chw jmttdr moodbts jdml`la

Idbìd wc`bc hoodr`las th gddp, smbr` bd hr miiKdbmusd tcdrd `s m eht ho beuttdr mli bhjpdt`t`hl `l krmli`la v`rtumedlv`rhljdlts, Dlv`rhljdltme Krmli`la wèe ohrdjhst spdb`me`zd ̀ l tcdpcys`bme usdr dxpdr`dlbd th j`tàmtd bhlous`hl `l m beuttdrdi jmrgdt

I`marmj yhur krmli‐s dbhsystdj sddl `l Oàurd 4 , pmad 20

Idbìd chw dmbc pmrt`b`pmlt wèe khtc bhltr`kutd mli kdld tBhjjul`bmt`hl `s tcd `lstrujdlt7 Idsàl Yc`lg`la `s tcd jhid7 mliRdrv`bdsbmpds mrd tcd bhli`t`hl `l wc`bc tc`s krmli`la strmtday dx`sts

;3


29/118

^MA, BHLY@ LTDI

Qch‐s yhur dldjy8Vrhjht`hlme jmrgdt`la mli mivdrt`s`la idsàl whrg

Qc`bc bhjpdt`thr bml yhu pm`lt ms tcd kmi auy8Krmli jmlmadjdlt madlb`ds tcmt sdd jmrgdt`la sb`dlbds mstcd pr`jd bhltr`kut`hl th krmli`la strmtda`ds

Ydee yhur busthjdrs wcmt yhu‐rd lht, `l lh ulbdrtm`l tdrjs.

Qd mrd lht m jmrgdt`la hr dvdl ml mivdrt`s`la strmtday. @lstdmi,wd mrd m idsàl strmtday. Dlv`rhljdltme Krmli`la prhjhtdstcd prhiubt hr sdrv`bd ky jmg`la `t sh tcmt tcd krmli rdshlmtdsw`tc `ts usdr, mli `l turl tcd usdr ulidrstmlis, mbbdpts, mlidlamads w`tc tcd kus`ldss.

Qcmt ih tcdy bmee yhu8Dlv`rhljdltme Krmli`la tcrhuac Idsàl Yc`lg`la

@s yhur lmjd cdep`la hr curt`la yhur krmli8―Dlv`rhljdltme Krmli`la‚ `s ml hvdrusdi tdrj mli bhuei curt tcdkrmli, kut ―Idsàl Yc`lg`la‚ `s `l idjmli mli wèe mttrmbt usdrs

@s `t su`tmked ohr krmlipemy8 ihds `t cmvd brdmt`vd ―edas8‚

Lh7 @t bhuei kd jhrd brdmt`vd

Bchhsd m lmjd tcmt‐s iòodrdlt, kr`do, mli mpprhpr`mtd. Jmgd surd`t‐s dmsy th spdee mli prhlhulbd

Dlv`rh-Jdltme, pemy`la hoo ho tcd whri ―dlv`rhljdlt‚ mli ̀ t‐smkkrdv`mt`hl, ―dlv`rh‚ w`tc ml djpcms`s hl tcd ir`v`la ohrbds>Idsàl Yc`lg`la mli Dlv`rhljdltme Vsybchehay.

O`li hut ò tcd lmjd bml kd usdi ms m T[E

Dlv`rh-Jdltme `s mvmèmked ms m T[E

Idtdrj`ld chw dmsy hr iò buet `t wèe kd th edameey idodli

Ycdrd mrd m eht ho iòodrdlt krmli`la tdrj`lheha`ds, dmbc w`tc miòodrdlt l`bcd7 tcdrdohrd, tc`s hld schuei kd dmsy th idodli ms `tcms ̀ ts ul`qud `ltdlt`hl mli pdrshlme`ty.

;0


30/118

^MA, BHLY@ LTDI

Chw ih yhu dxpem`l yhursdeo8 Ms m jdml s ho krmli`la ky ulidrstmli`la wcdrd lhlvdrkme mli`li`rdbt bhjjul`bmt`hl hbburs ̀ l m pcys`bme dlv`rhljdlt

Qcmt‐s tcd hld trud stmtdjdlt yhu bml jmgd mkhut yhur krmli8@t ohbusds hl wcmt moodbts tcd cujml pdrbdpt`hl mli tcdusdr dxpdr`dlbd

Brmot m trude`ld tcmt tdees wcy yhur krmli `s bhjpdee`la (mvhì

mly bhjjms hr ―mlis‚).

Dlv`rhljdltme Krmli`la tcrhuac Idsàl Yc`lg`la ̀ s m idsàlstrmtday ohr burmt`la m bhjjul`bmt`vd mli moodbtmt`hus pcys`bmespmbd sh tcmt usdrs bml v`sume`zd mli `ltdrprdt m krmli mli `tskus`ldss.

Yurl yhur trude`ld `lth m tmae`ld th usd w`tc busthjdrs

Dlv`rhljdltme Krmli`la tcrhuac Idsàl Yc`lg`la> idsàl`la tcd`ltdlidi krmli dxpdr`dlbd

Chw ih yhu sprdmi tcd whri8Ky puke`sc`la whrg hr bmsd stui`ds tcmt whrg ky dxmjped

Chw bml yhu ulpmbg yhur lmjd, trude`ld, mli tmae`ld8Ky kd`la bhls`stdlt mbrhss mee thubcph`lts

Chw bml yhu dlrhee krmli mivhbmtds tcrhuac jdssma`la8

Ky dxphs`la tc`s hr s`jèmr typds ho whrg ky v`rtumeey phst`lamli prhjht`la tc`s whrg

Chw bml yhu meàl mee yhur bhjjul`bmt`hls w`tc yhur ^MA8

Ycrhuac kus`ldss-th-kus`ldss (K;K) bhjjul`bmt`hl mlitrmlsmbt`hls

26


31/118

^MA, BHLY@ LTDI

Chw ih pdhped dlamad w`tc yhu8

Oheehw`la ldw hoodr`las tcrhuac m suksbr`pt`hl sdrv`bd

Qcmt mrd yhu sdee`la mli chw mrd yhu sdee`la `t8Rdee`la m jdtchi ohr idsàl`la dlv`rhljdlts ohr iòous`la m krmlijdssmad

Qc`bc thubcph`lt wèe edt yhu bhjpdtd `l m wc`td spmbd8

@li`rdbt bhjjul`bmt`hl prmbt`bds kmsdi ̀ l syjkhe`sj mli usdr

pdrbdpt`hl

Jmp yhur vmeud prhphs`t`hl mam`lst tchsd ho yhur bhjpdt`thrs. Rdd wc`bcbhjpdt`t`vd mrdms yhu bml dlt`rdey mvhì.

@ bml, mt rst, mvhì v`rtume dlv`rhljdlts.

I`sbhvdr busthjdr thubcph`lts wcdrd yhu‐ee kd ulhpphsdi.

Brdmt`la tcd bhli`t`hls ohr Idsàl Yc`lg`la `l dlv`rhljdltme

idsàl bch`bds

Qcmt ih tcdy dxpdr`dlbd8

@jprhvdi krmli rdshlmlbd

Chw wèe yhur busthjdr edmrl mkhut yhu8Ycrhuac kus`ldss-th-kus`ldss bhlvdrsmt`hl, vmr`hus puke`scdi whrg, mli tcrhuacbheemkhrmt`hl mli ldtwhrg`la

Chw bml yhu dlrhee tcdj `l yhur krmli8

Ky pmrt`b`pmt`la `l bheemkhrmt`vd prhndbts `l wc`bc th `lousd Dlv`rhljdltme

Krmli`la `l bhjk`lmt`hl w`tc Idsàl Yc`lg`la

Qch wèe kd yhur bhjpdt`t`hl mt dmbc thubcph`lt8

Htcdr krmli jmlmadjdlt strmtda`ds prmbt`b`la Dlv`rhljdltme Krmli`la

Qcdrd schuei yhu put yhur jmrgdt`la rdshurbds8

Brdmt`la m bhjjul`ty prdsdlbd

Jmp tcd busthjdr nhurldy orhj lhl-mwmrdldss th ouee dlrheejdlt. Kdt yhurrdshurbds hl tcd dxpdr`dlbds ho ^MA.Ycd busthjdr kdbhjds mwmrd ho tcd rhed mli doodbts ho Idsàl Yc`lg`la `ldlv`rhljdltme krmli`la ky rdmi`la mkhut bmsd sbdlmr`hs wcdl m bhjpmly cms`ltdarmtdi tc`s krmli`la strmtday `lth tcd`r whrg mli dxpdr`dlbdi `jprhvdikrmli pdrohrjmlbd. Ouee dlrheejdlt `s mbbdpt`la tc`s strmtday ms m stmlimrikus`ldss prmbt`bd.

2=


32/118

^MA, BHLY@ LTDI

Chw ih yhu dmrl tcd`r ehymety8

Brdmt`la m pdrshlme`zdi dlv`rhljdltme krmli`la madlim,spdb` b th miirdss`la tcd bcmeedlads ho tcmt kus`ldss (ohrwc`bc tc`s whrg bml bhltr`kutd th). Hr, brdmt`la whrg tcmt `s

dx`ked mli bml mimpt th m vmr`dty ho prhndbts.

Chw bml yhu cdep yhur busthjdrs kuèi kmrr`drs thbhjpdt`t`hl8Ky bhltr`kut`la th krmli jmlmadjdlt prhbdssds w`tc mstrmtda`b, Idsàl Yc`lg`la, ohbus

Chw bml yhu mvhì brdmt`la m i`sehymety prharmj8 Rtmrt kykd`la ehyme th yhur busthjdrs. Ihl‐t jmgd ldw busthjdrsodde pul`scdi hr dxbeuidi. A`vd ehyme busthjdrs tcd thhes th`ltrhiubd ldw busthjdrs.

Ycd smjd wmy ms dmrl`la tcd`r ehymety7 brdmt`la pdrshlme`zdi hrdx`ked whrg ohr tcd`r idsàl `ltdlt`hls mli rdshurbds

Chw ih yhu dxtdli yhur subbdss8

Jhv`la ̀ lth jdi`m mli v`rtume dlv`rhljdlts

Chw ih yhu gddp arhw`la tcd krmli ydmr motdr ydmr8Ky dxtdli`la rdsdmrbc mli dxpdrt`sd, hur hoodr`la `s dxtdlidi`lth htcdr usdr dxpdr`dlbds mli mdstcdt`b whrg.

Bchhsd kdtwddl m chusd ho krmlis mli m krmlidi chusd.

M krmlid i chusd

Mii dxtd ls`hls tcmt rd`l ohrbd tcd krmli‐s jdml` la. Mvhìdxtdlst`hls tcmt ulohbus tcd krmli‐s jdml`la. Mvhì dxtdls`hlstcmt kr`la yhu `lth bhjpdt`t`hl w`tc edmidrs

Dlv`rhljdltme Krmli`la ohr Rdrv`bdsbmpdsDlv`rhljdltme Krmli`la ohr _`rtume Dlv`rhljdltsDlv`rhljdltme Krmli`la ohr Ho bdsDlv`rhljdltme Krmli`la ohr Jdi`m mli Mivdrt`s`la

2;


33/118

^MA, BHLY@ LTDI

Chw ih yhu prhtdbt yhur phrtohe`h8

Ky stmy`la bhls`stdlt (kut lht stmalmlt) ̀ l jy mpprhmbc

Chw bml tcd wched kd whrtc jhrd tcml tcd pmrts8Ky stmy`la ohbusdi hl tcd jdml`la mli `ltdlt`hls kdc`li dlv`rhljdltme krmli`la, dvdl ò tcd bhlbdpt `si`ssdbtdi ohr rdedvmlt ̀ lohrjmt`hl. Dlv`rhljdltme krmli`la ̀ s dxpmls`vd mli bhjprdcdls`vd, kut ̀ t bml kdse`bdi `lth p`dbds ohr rdedvmlt ulidrstmli`la mli `jpedjdltmt`hl. Idsàl Yc`lg`la jdtchis bhltr`kutd th tcddlv`rhljdltme idsàl prhbdss ky cdep`la idb`s`hl-jmgdrs ̀ idltòy rdedvmlt mli ldbdssmry wmys th krmlitcd`r dlv`rhljdlts.

Chw bml yhu stmy ohbusdi ulidr schrt-tdrj prh t prdssurd8 Mvhì B-s`bgldss, bhltma`hl, bhlous`hl,bhltrmi`bt`hl, mli bhjpedx`ty, mli ulidrstmli tcd ehla-tdrj doodbts ho krmli dxtdls`hl.

Ms prdv`huse y lhtdi, tc`s whrg bml k d krhgdl ihwl hr rdpmbgmad i `l m wmy tcmt bhlt`luds th kd rdedvmlt mlicdepoue7 ̀ l p`dbds hr ms m wched, dlv`rhljdltme krmli`la arhws orhj tcd smjd rhhts, ̀ idltòy`la syjkhe`sj mlimsshb`mt`hl `l mdstcdt`bs ms m ohrj ho bhjjul`bmt`hl.

22


34/118


35/118

V [ H N D B Y V H R @ Y @ H L @ L A 24

O`aurd 9 Krmli`la (Ldujd`dr, ;661)


36/118


37/118

[DRDM[BC MBY@_@Y@DR& RPLYCDR@R


38/118

I D R @ A L Y

IDR@AL YC@LG@LA


39/118

K T R @ L

D R R

L Y C @ L G @ L A

( J M [ Y @ L ,

; 6 6 0

)

( E H

B G

Q H H I , ; 6 6 0 )

K [ M L

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(G DEED[ , ; 6 6 = )

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IDR@ALJMLMADJDLY

(H[YC, ;6=;)(RMLID[R, ;663)

([D@JD[, ;664)

(YHJKR, ;662)

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D L _ @ [

H L J

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( G H V D

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Ycd mrrmladjdlt ho m pcys`bmedlv`rhljdlt wcdrd m sdrv`bd tmgds

pembd, (Khhjs mli K`tldr, =03=).

RD[_@BDRBMVD

Chw tcd Kuèt dlv`rhljdlt ̀ sdxpdr`dlbdi mli chw tc`s moodbtscujml kdcmv`hr, (Ghpdb, ;66?).

DL_@[HLJDLYMEVRPBCHEHAP OH[ IDR@AL

Ycd stuiy ho sàls mli syjkhes,tcd`r msshb`mt`hls, mli `t whrgs `lbhjjul`bmt`hl mli idsàl doohrts,(Dbh, =01?).

R D J @ H Y @ B RIDR@AL YC@LG@LA

M i`sb`pe`ld t cmt usds tcdidsàldr‐s sdls`kè`ty mlijdtchis thwmris m v`mkedkus`ldss strmtday th brdmtdbhlsujdr vmeud mli jmrgdthpphrtul`ty.

Oàurd ? [dsdmrbc Rpmbd schẁ la tcd sbhpd ho sdbhlimry rdsdmrbc


40/118

hw l 8

h k d

li 8 d lt m

b t d i

8 di

la 8


41/118

Qcmt doodbts ihds msdrv`bdsbmpd cmvd hl

bhlsujdr kdcmv`hr8

Qcmt mrd tcd bcmrmbtdr`st`bs hom sdrv`bdsbmpd8

Qcmt mrd IdsàlJmlmadjdlt mpprhmbcds8

Qcmt ̀ s tcd ̀ jpmbt ho tcdsd

mpprhmbcds8

Chw bml Idsàl Jmlmadjdltbhltr`kutd th bhjjul`bmt`hlmli krmli`la prhbdssds8

Qcmt ̀ s dlv`rhljdltmeidsàl8

Qcmt jmgds ml dlv`rhljdltmeidsàl moodbtmt`hus8

Qcmt ̀ s tcd usdr dxpdr`dlbd ̀ lml moodbtmt`hus dlv`rhljdlt8

Qcmt ̀ s Rdj`ht`bs

Qcmt ̀ s tcd sdrv`bdsbmpdtyphehay8

Q c m t l d

d i s t

h k d g

l h w

Q c y i

h d s t c ` s

l d d i

t h

g l h w

l 8 Q c

m t t y p

d h o i

m t m ` s

l d d i

d i 8

Q c d r d

` s t c ` s

i m t m

o h u l i

Q c m t t y p

d h o i

m t m

b h e e d

b t ` h l

j d t c

h i s m

r d

l d d i

d i o h r t c ` s

8

Q c h l

d d i s

t h k d

b h l t

o h r b h e e d

b t ` l a

t c ` s

i m t m 8

Q c d l

w ` e e

t c ` s k

d

b h j p

e d t d i 8

w c m t w ` e e k

d e d m r l d

i

o r h j

t c ` s i

m t m 8

Q c m t j `

a c t k

d j ` s s

` l a

Chw ̀ s Rdj`ht`bsulidrp`ll l̀a bhjjul`bmt`hltcdhr`ds8

Chw jàct tcdsd tcdhr`dskd mppe`di `l dlv`rhljdltmeidsàl8

Chw `s m sdt ho br`tdr`mvmeumked th bhjjul`bmt`hlprhbdssds8

Chw wèe tc`s br`tdr`m kd usdi`l sdrv`bdsbmpds8

Chw ihds tc`s br`tdr`m moodbttcd kus`ldss-th-bhlsujdrdxpdr`dlbd8

Rbhpd hotyphehay

Yh ìdltòy tcddoodbts ho msdrv`bdsbmpdidsàl hl

kus`ldss

Vrdv`husrdsdmrbc

li`las

Rdbhlimryrdsdmrbc

li`las

RJD`lsàcts

Rdbhlimryrdsdmrbc,@ltdrv`dws

Rdbhlimryrdsdmrbc

RJD ̀ l

Rdrv`bdIdsàl

wddg9

Chw msdrv`bdsbmpd‐sidsàl`l udlbds

bhlsujdrkdcmv`hr

@ bhuei embgsuo b`dltrdsdmrbcrdemt`la th

dlv`rhljdltmepsybchehay

Yh ìdltòywcdrd tcdrdmrd IdsàlJmlmadjdlthpphrtul`t`dsth hpt`j`zdbhjjul`bmt`hljdtchis

IdsàlJmlmadjdltjdtchis mli`ltdlt`hls

Rdbhlimry[dsdmrbc

li`las, mli@ltdrv`dw`lsàctsmli/hrsurvdys

Rdbhlimryrdsdmrbc

li`las,rdsuets ho`ltdrv`dwsmli survdys

Rdbhlimryrdsdmrbc, mli@ltdrv`dwsmli/hrsurvdys

Mbmidj`brdsdmrbcpemtohrjs,

RJD dxpdrt`l IdsàlJmlmadjdlt

wddg9

Ycd IdsàlJmlmadjdltmpprhmbc thidsàl`lamoodbtmt`husdlv`rhljdlts

@ bhuei embgsuo b`dltrdsdmrbc

Chw usdrs`ltdrprdttcd`r sdrv`bddlv`rhljdlts

Yh glhwchw sdrv`bdkus`ldssdsbml kdttdrprdpmrd tcd`rsdrv`bdsbmpds

[dsdmrbc hldlv`rhljdltmepsybchehaymli `tsmppe`bmt`hl `lidsàl

Rdbhlimryrdsdmrbc

li`las

Rdbhlimryrdsdmrbc

Ydxtume mlmeys`s

Mbmidj`brdsdmrbcpemtohrjs

Vrdv`hus bmsdstui`ds

wddg9

Qcdrd

tcdrd mrddv`rhljdltmemlibhjjul`bmt`hlidsàlhpphrtul`t`dsth phs`t`vdeydoodbtbhlsujdrkdcmv`hr.

]ume`tmt`vdimtm edmvdsrhhj ohrdrrhr hr k`ms

Chw sdj`ht`bsmrd usdi `lbhjjul`bmt`hlprmbt`bds

Yh ìdltòywcdrdsdj`ht`bsdx`st `ldlv`rhljdltmeidsàl mlichw th usd `t

strmtda`bmeey

Vrdv`husrdsdmrbc

li`las

Rdbhlimryrdsdmrbc

li`las

Rdbhlimryrdsdmrbc

Khhg sthrd wddg9

Chw sdj`ht`bsmrd usdi ms mbhjjul`bmt`hlthhe `ldlv`rhljdltmeidsàl bch`bds

Jy bcmeedladwèe kdspdbòy`latcd tcdhryho sdj`ht`bsohr rdsdmrbcpurphsds

Ohr prhndbtphs`t`hl`la

Krmli`lastrmtad`ds

Bhjjul`bmt`hlRtrmtda`ds

IdsàlJmlmadjdltstrmtda`ds

Rdbhlimryrdsdmrbc

li`las,rdsuets ho`ltdrv`dwsmli survdys

Rdbhlimryrdsdmrbc, mli@ltdrv`dwsmli/hrsurvdys

Rdbhlimryrdsdmrbc

RukndbtJmttdrDxpdts(RJD)

wddg9

Chw thmpprhmbc tcdsdrv`bd `liustryw`tc strmtda`b`lohjmt`hl hlhpphrtul`t`ds ohrbhjjul`bmt`hlw`tc`l tcd`rpcys`bme spmbds

Bhuei kdj`ss`la`lohrjmt`hlv`tme thidsàl`labr`tdr`m

Qcmt ahds`lth mldlv`rhljdltmeidsàl

]ume`t`ds homoodbtmt`husdlv`rhljdlts

[heds mliprmbt`bds`l kus`ldssdlv`rhljdlts

Qcmt `s tcdvmeud

Qcmt mrdtcd syjkhe`bdedjdlts `l mldlv`rhljdlt

Qcmt `s tcdtcdhry hosdj`ht`bs8

Chwmrd tcdyidsàldi ohrtcd usdr

Qcmt `s tcdsdrv`bdsbmpdbr`tdr`m

Qcmt br`tdr`hldx`sts `l tcdjmrgdt

Chw cmvdhtcdr jdtchismppe`di thsdrv`bdsbmpds

Qcmt `s j`ss`la`l tcd K;Bdxpdr`dlbd

RT K[DRDM[BC

]TDRY@HLR

Oàurd 1 [dsdmrbc ]udst`hl Jmtr`x


42/118

BHLRDLY OH[JR @LYD[_@DQ ]TDRY@HLR RT[_DP

Bhjpedtdi bhlsdlt ohrjs mrd ehbmtdi ̀ l Mppdli`x K

[DRDM[BC MBY@_@Y@DR & RPLYCDR@R9;

[DRDM[BC V[HYHBHER

O`aurd 3 [dsdmrbc Vrhthbhes


43/118

Hpdl-dlidi `ltdrv`dws wdrd bhliubtdi w`tc sukndbt jmttdr

dxpdrts `l tcd deis ho Idsàl Jmlmadjdlt, Rdrv`bd Idsàl,

mli Kus`ldss. Rukndbt jmttdr dxpdrt`sd `l Bhjjul`bmt`hl,

Krmli`la, Dlv`rhljdltme Vsybchehay ohr Idsàl, mli Idsàl

Yc`lg`la wms ohuli tcrhuac sdbhlimry rdsdmrbc.

@LYD[_@DQR

RT[_DP @L IDR@AL JMLMADJDLY

M survdy `l Idsà l Jmlmadjdl t rd dbtdi juet`ped

pdrspdbt`vds hl tcd dei ho Idsàl Jmlmadjdlt, `ts

mpprhmbc, mli chw `t `s usdi `l m kus`ldss sdtt`la.

Ycd survdy wms prdsdltdi hl tcd Idsàl Jmlmadjdlt

Ombdkhhg Arhup pmad ohr m behsdi-ihhr mpprhmbc th

rdbru`t`la rdedvmlt pmrt`b`pmlts.

Mppey`la li`las orhj sdbhl imry rdsdmrbc mli p rdv`hus

bmsd stui`ds, m bhltdlt mlmeys`s ho v`sume jmttdr, mli `ts

msshb`mtdi sàl` bmlbd hr syjkhe`sj, wms bhliubtdi

tcrhuac hksdrvmt`hlme mli pchth rdsdmrbc th bhjpedtd tcrdd

bmsd stui`ds ho edmi`la sdrv`bd bhjpml`ds `l iòodrdlt sdrv`bd

bhli`t`hls.

Bmsd Rtuiy prhbdss>

=. Kmbgarhuli rdsdmrbc - `lbeui`la prdv`hus bmsd stui`ds,

kuzz rdv`dws, mli bhjpmly prh eds. Kmbgarhuli rdsdmrbc

`s usdi th ìdltòy tcd kus`ldss‐s vmeuds, strmtda`b `ltdlt,

mli krmli jdssmad.

;. Bhltdlt mlmeys`s - tcrhuac pchth rdsdmrbc, ky i`ssdbt`la

syjkhe`b, bhjjul`bmt`vd v`sume dedjdlts th bhjpmrd

tcd`r dlv`rhljdltme idsàl bch`bds th tcd rdsuets ho

kmbgarhuli rdsdmrbc.

2. Hksdrvmt`hlme rdsdmrbc - mt m ehbme ehbmt`hl, tmg`la lhtd

ho tcd mjk`dlt mli rdme-t`jd doodbts ho tcd`r dlv`rhljdltme

idsàl bch`bds.

9. Brdmt`la m VHDJR jhide - th rdbhri mli prdsdlt tcd

hksdrvmt`hlme rdsdmrbc. VHDJR stmlis ohr pdhped,

hkndbts, dlv`rhljdlts, jdssmads, mli sdrv`bds.

BMRD RYTI@DR

RDBHLIM[P [DRDM[BC

Ràl` bmlt sdbhlimry rdsdmrbc wms bhliubtdi mli usdi

`l prdpmrmt`hl ohr pr`jmry rdsdmrbc mli mam`l iur`la tcd

mo l`t`zmt`hl prhbdss.

[DRDM[BC MBY@_@Y@DR

[ D R D M [ B C M B Y @ _ @ Y @ D R & R P LY C D R @ R 92


44/118

IMYM V[HBDRR@LA MLI MLMEPR@R

Rdbhlimry rdsdmrbc bhltr`kutdi th i`sbhvdr`la

dlv`rhljdltme krmli`la strmtda`ds ky rdbhri`la>

=. Chw Idsàl Yc`lg`la `s usdi `l kus`ldss mli `l

krmli`la prmbt`bds

;. Chw dlv`rhljdltme psybchehay bhltr`kutds

th sdrv`bdsbmpds

2. Chw dlv`rhljdltme jmttdr `s syjkhe`b mli

bhltr`kutds th krmli`la mli bhjjul`bmt`hl

@ltdrv`dws w`tc sukndbt jmttdr dxpdrts `l tcd deis ho

Idsàl Jmlmadjdlt, Rdrv`bd Idsàl, mli Kus`ldss

wdrd bhliubtdi mli trmlsbr`kdi. @l mii`t`hl, stuidlts

ho Idsàl Jmlmadjdlt wdrd survdydi. @ltdrv`dws

mli survdys wdrd bhliubtdi th dxtrmbt ml diubmtdi

pdrspdbt`vd hl vmr`hus thubc ph`lts moodbt`la tcd

bhlsujdr dxpdr`dlbd mli chw Idsàl Yc`lg`la bml

bhltr`kutd th brdmt`la krmli rdshlmlbd.

Bmsd stui`ds ho i`vdrsd sdrv`bd kus`ldssds brdmt`la

krmli rdshlmlbd wèe sdrvd ms bhltdxtume idsàl rdsdmrbc

ohr tcd purphsds ho dxphs`la burrdlt idsàl prmbt`bds.

Br`tdr`m ohr bmsd stui`ds `lbeuids>

=. Kmbgarhuli rdsdmrbc hl tcd kus`ldssds tcrhuac

bhjpmly prh eds, kuzz rdv`dws, mli prdv`hus bmsdstuiy li`las.

;. M Bhltdlt mlmeys`s ho v`sume jmttdr tcrhuac pchth

rdsdmrbc, `lbeui`la pchths tmgdl iur`la hksdrvmt`hlme

rdsdmrbc

2. Hksdrvmt`hlme rdsdmrbc syltcds`zdi tcrhuac m

VHDJR jhide.

[DRDM[BC MBY@_@Y@DR & RPLYCDR@R99


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BHLYDLY MLMEPR@R

_@RTMEVMYYD[LR


O`aurd 0 Bhltdlt mlmeys`s i`marmj


46/118

Hpdl `ltdrv`dws wdrd bhliubtdi w`tc sukndbt jmttdr dxpdrts `l tcd deis ho

Idsàl Jmlmadjdlt, Rdrv`bd Idsàl, mli Kus`ldss.

@LYD[_@DQR MY M AEMLBD

IJAY

RD[_

KT R

@l m kus`ldss sdtt`la, Idsàl Jmlmadjdlt mpprhmbcds m bcmeedlad che`st`bmeey

mli strmtda`bmeey, ehhg`la mt tcd prhkedj `l bhltdxt mli w`tc m strhla

usdr-ohbus. Ohr m bhjjul`bmt`vd bcmeedlad, Idsàl Jmlmadjdlt dlmkeds

bemr`ty, brdmt`la strmtday ohr doodbt`vd bhjjul`bmt`hl prhbdssds.

Rdrv`bd idsàl brdmtds ldw ohrjs ho muajdlt`la tcd phtdlt`me mbt ho pdhped,

a`v`la yhu m wmy th ih wcmt yhu htcdrw`sd bmllht ih. Rdrv`bd idsàl `s usdith p`lph`lt dedjdlts ho tcd shb`me emlisbmpd7 tc`s p`lph`lt`la prhbdss hr

sdqudlb`la ho tcdsd dedjdlts id lds m sdrv`bdsbmpd.

Vmrt`buemrey `l tcd sdrv`bd `liustry, m gdy kus`ldss strmtday `s usdr dxpdr`dlbd.

Orhj m jmrgdt`la pdrspdbt`vd m krmli schuei mpprhmbc tcd`r usdr mbrhss

mee thubcph`lts mli `l m bhls`stdlt omsc`hl sh tcmt `t `s supphrt`la tcd krmli

pdrshlme mli dqu`ty.

―IDR@AL JMLMADJDLY

MEQMPR EHH GR MY IDR @AL

Q@YC M RY[MYDA@B

VD[RVDBY@_D‚

―M RD[_@BDRBMVD QHTEI KD

YCD M[Y@O@B@ME RDEDBY@HL HO M E M[A D[ EML IRB MVD ‚

―TRD[ DSVD[@DLBD @ YC@LG

RCHTEI KD @L D_D[P DEDJDLY

HO YCD JM[GDY@LA J@S @L ML

@LYDA[MYDI OMRC@HL‚

Ycd rst bheujl bhls`sts ho pmrmpcrmsds w`tc tcd `ltdlt`hl th sujjmr`zd`ltdrv`dw w`tc dxpdrts `l tcd rdspdbt`vd i`sb`pe`lds. @l keud mrd i`rdbt quhtds.

[DRDM[BC MBY@_@Y@DR & RPLYCDR@R9?

Yrmlsbr`pts mrd ehbmtdi ̀ l Mppdli`x D


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RT[_DP [DRTEYR H_D[_@DQ


[dsuets ho tcd Idsàl Jmlmadjdlt surdvy bhltr`kutdi th scmp`la tcd Idsàl

Yc`lg`la sbhpd ho tc`s prhndbt. Rddl cdrd mrd ml dxmjped ho dmbc mlswdr

Bhjpedtd survdy rdsuets ehbmtdi ̀ l Mppdli`x B

―M i`sb`pe`ld tcmt prhjhtds tcd strmtda`b ombè`tmt`hl mli jmlmadjdlt ho tcd idsàl

tc`lg`la prhbdss ohr tcd idvdehpjdlt ho `llhvmt`vd kus`ldss prmbt`bds

mli hoodr`las.‚

QCMY @R IDR@AL JMLMADJDLY8

―Idsàl Jmlmadjdlt us jhst usdoue `l kus`ldss wcdl mppe`di thwmri pemll`la mli

strmtda`ds. Ycd emtdrme tc`lg`la mpprhmbc, wcdl prhpdrey mppe`di edvdrmadi, bml a`vd

hraml`zmt`hls m iòodrdlt`mt`la bhjpdt`t`vd diad tcmt cms tcd phtdlt`me ho phs`t`hl`la

tcdj (hr gddp`la tcdj) `l tcd`r `liustry‐s edmi.‚

@L QCMY QMPR @R IDR@AL JMLMADJDLY TRDI @L KTR@LDRR8

―Ts`la Idsàl Yc`lg`la jdtchis th `l`t`mtd m brdmt`vd prhbdss tcmt bml

edmi th kus`ldss sheut`hls mli strmtda`ds.‚

QCMY @R YCD IDR@AL JMLMADJDLY MVV[HMBC8


48/118


BMRD RYTI@DR @LY[HITBY@HL

Ycd purphsd ho bmsd stui`ds `s th mlmeyzd rdme s`tumt`hls th i`sbhvdr mli tcdl idjhlstrmtd

`lsàcts tcmt edmi th ldw cyphtcds`s mli ulidrstmli`las. Ohr tc`s prhndbt, bmsd stui`ds

wdrd usdi th stuiy tcd dlv`rhljdltme idsàl kdcmv`hrs ho edmi`la krmlis `l i`vdrsd sdrv`bd

`liustr`ds. Ycd ahme ho tc`s rdsdmrbc wms th edmrl chw kus`ldssds wch mbc`dvd krmlirdshlmlbd sàlòy tcd`r krmli tcrhuac tcd`r dlv`rhljdltme idsàl.


49/118

BMRD RYTIP

ETETEDJHL

MBY @_@Y P

Yc`s krmli ho mbt`vdwdmr mivhbmtds ohr m kmemlbdi mli hutah`la eòdstyed.Ycd`r jmlòdsth ̀ s mkhut ―swdmt`la dvdry imy,‚ ―krdmtc`la iddpey,‚ ―ir`lg`lawmtdr, mli ―adtt`la hutihhrs.‚ Ycd`r krmli vmeuds mrd rdprdsdltdi tcrhuactcd`r dqu`pjdlt, tcd`r armpc`bs, tcd`r pmbgma`la, mli tcd`r djpehydds.


GDP EDM[L@LAR

JMVED

Jmped ̀ s usdi th rdprdsdlt khiy jhvdjdlt. Ohr dxmjped, mbt`v`ty bmedlimrsmrd ormjdi ky jmped. Jmped `s hotdl syjkhe`b ho kmemlbd mli adldrhs`ty.

BHJJTL@YP

Eueuedjhl brdmtds m rdemt`hlsc`p w`tc tcd`r bhjjul`ty. Ycdrd mrd rdshurbdsohr ehbme yham bemssds mli rull`la arhups. Rhjdt`jds, Eueuedjhl sthrds wèechst tcd`r hwl yham bemssds. Ldw tc`ri-pembd spmbds mrd kd`la `ltdarmtdi `lEueuedjhl sthrds. Yc`s brdmtds m sdlsd ho bhjjul`ty mli adldrmtds krmlidlamadjdlt.


50/118

@LYDA[MY@LA HVVH[YTL@Y@DR YH TRD YCDRVMBD MR M YC@[I-VEMBD OMB@E@YP

Ycd`r ldw bhjjul`ty spmbd odmturdse`vd-diad Qdstdrl Jmped tmkeds w`tcbhlvdl`dlt peua-`ls mt tcd bdltdr hotcd tmkeds. Jmped ormjds, hr `s tcdpemtohrj ohr, bhjjul`ty rdshulbdsmli `l-sthrd mbt`v`t`ds. Ycd spmbd `sidsàldi ohr ml mrrmy ho mbt`v`t`dsmli hpphrtul`t`ds ohr dlamadjdlt7ourl`turd `s dx`ked mli bml kd scòtdimrhuli tcd rhhj kmsdi hl tcd mbt`v`tymli tcd eàct`la `s bhlsìdrmtd hotcd bmej, kut shb`me hr prhiubt`vd,mtjhspcdrd. Mjk`dlt mli oulbt`hlmeidtmès, ̀ lbeui`la sjmee hwdrmrrmladjdlts mli w` jmgd `t mlmpprhmbcmked sdtt`la.

Eueuedjhl idsàldi m sthrd wc`bc `lbhrphrmtds mtc`ri pembd spmbd. Yc`ri pembds mrd bhjjul`ty spmbdsusdi ohr rdemx`la, shb`me`z`la, whrg`la, ml mbt`v`ty, hr `ladldrme, dlama`la `l shjdtc`la hutsìd tcd chjd

hr whrgpembd. Rdrv`bd kus`ldssds mrd ̀ lbhrphrmt`latcdsd spmbds th dlbhurmad krmli dlamadjdlt kdyhlitcd prhiubt hr sdrv`bd. Ohr Eueuedjhl, brdmt`la mtc`ri-pembd w`tc`l tcd`r rdtmè spmbd jdmls gddp`lam sthrd mbt`vd mli tcd usdrs dlamadi, wc`bc ir`vdstrmo b, smeds, mli cdeps tcd`r krmli ̀ idlt`ty.

Y CD ID YM @ E R

Oàurd =6 Eueuedjhl sthrd ̀ l Mekdrtm, Bmlmim.

rdtmè-`lsìdr.bhj shurbd wms usdi ̀ l Bmsd Rtuiy rdsdmrbc


Bhjpedtd bmsd stuiy li`las Oàurd =9

BMRD RYTIPO@LI@LARRBDLM[@HR


51/118


52/118

BMRD RYTIP

RYM[KTBGR

[DRDM[BC MBY@_@Y@DR & RPLYCDR@R4;

GDP EDM[L@LAR

OHBTR

Rtmrkubgs‐ ohbus `s hl hoodr`la busthj`zdi, qume`ty bhoodd. Ycdy kde`dvdtcmt m bhjohrtmked mli v`sumeey mppdme`la dlv`rhljdlt prhjhtds tcd`rprhiubt mli de`b`ts krmli dlamadjdlt. Ycd`r krmli vmeuds rdbhal`zd tcdrhed ho djpehydds `l tcd`r krmli bueturd mli tcd `jphrtmlbd ho sustm`lmked

prmbt`bds. Rtmrkubgs ̀ s bhlt`lumeey jhiòy`la tcd`r dlv`rhljdlts th stmyrdemt`vd mli `llhvmt`vd, wcèd stmy`la bhls`stdlt `l tcd`r bhrd vmeuds.

QH[G

Ycd emyhut mli mjk`mlbd mrd idsàldi ohr tcd kdcmv`hr sdtt`la. Kdcmv`hrsdtt`las mrd idsàldi tcrhuac dlmkedrs wc`bc brdmtd m rdemt`hlsc`p kdtwddlusdr kdcmv`hr mli dlv`rhljdltme sdtt`las. Rtmrkubgs‐ hpdl emyhut whrgsw`tc tcd`r usd ms m tc`ri-pembd spmbd. Motdr purbcms`la ohhi hr kdvdrmads,usdrs wèe rdemx, shb`me`zd, hr jhst e`gdey whrg `lidpdlidltey.

QM[JYC

Mt Rtmrk ubgs, ` jmadry jhbgs prhiubt . Ycdrd `s m sdlsd ho sth rytdee`l a `l t cdidsàl, mli sdqudlbd, ho v`sumes. Ycd`r v`sumes mrd mkstrmbt, èeustrmt`vd, mli`l wmrjdr thlds. Ycd usd ho wmrj thlds jhbgs tcd bhehr ho bhoodd kdmlsmli brdmtds m wmrj mli bmsume mtjhspcdrd.


53/118


DOOH[YR @L JMRR-V[HITB DI

BTRYHJ@^MY@HL

Bhoodd pemlt mrtwhrg mli mbtume bhooddpemlts mt tcd orhlt mrd usdi ms m tr`kutdth tcd ldàckhrchhi> tcd OehwdrI`str`bt `l Mjstdrimj. Yh jm`ltm`ltcd krmli `jmad, arddl jmrked mliwhhi mrd usdi tcrhuachut tcd spmbd.@l mii`t`hl, v`ltmad eàct xurds mliourl`turd mrd usdi th hoodr ml mutcdlt`b,Durhpdml dxpdr`dlbd.

Ycd Rtmrkubgs dxpdr`dlbd wms hlbd chjhadldhus7wcdrdvdr yhu wdrd ̀ l tcd whrei, Rtmrkubgswhuei hoodr yhu tcmt bhjohrtmked mli rdbhal`zdidxpdr`dlbd. Lhw Rtmrkubgs `s jmss-prhiub`lai`vdrsd bhoodd schps, a`v`la dmbc ehbmt`hl `tshwl ul`qud, bueturd-spdb` b dxpdr`dlbd. Kdbmusd

thimy‐s bhlsujdr vmeuds rdemt`hlsc`ps mlimutcdlt`b`ty, tcdrd `s m bhlsujdr mttrmbt`hl thwmrisehbme`zdi dxpdr`dlbds. Busthj-kdvdrmad omls omvhrtcd ehbme bhoodd schp dxpdr`dlbd. Yh bhjpdtd ̀ ltc`s ldw bhlsujdr jmrgdt, Rtmrkubgs wmlts dvdrybhlsujdr th odde m i`st`lbt dxpdr`dlbd mt tcd`r ehbmeRtmrkubgs.mli brdmtd m ―jy Rtmrkubgs‚ i`mehaud.

Y CD ID YM @ E R

Oàurd =; Rtmrkubgs `l tcd Oehwdr I`str`bt, Mjstdrimj rdtmèidsàlkeha.ldt




54/118

BMRD RYTIP

QCHED OHHIR

]TME@YP

Qched ohhis prìds `tsdeo hl qume`ty mli v`sumeey meàls tcd`r prhiubt th m qume`ty ho eòd. _`sumesàlmad `s usdi th rd dbt bhlsujdr msp`rmt`hls. @l turl, tcdrd ml djht`hlme khli `s brdmtdikdtwddl tcd krmli mli tcd bhlsujdr. Bhlsujdrs ehhg ohr krmlis wch scmrd tcd`r vmeuds.Qched ohhis i`spemys `jmads ho `li`vìumes hr omjè`ds `l m stmtd ho smt`sombt`hl mliwdeekd`la. Mt Qched Ohhes, vmeu`la m càcdr qume`ty ho eòd trmlsemtds th m ideuxd arhbdryschpp`la dxpdr`dlbd. Lht yhur typ`bme arhbdry sthrd, Qched Ohhis hoodrs m ldmr-i`l`la-hut

dxpdr`dlbd, `lbeui`la w`ld mli bcddsd, mli brdmtds m bhjpe`jdltmry mjk`mlbd wc`bc pr`jdsusdrs th e`ladr, hr s`t mli stmy m wcèd.

GDP EDM[L@LAR

BTEYT[D

Qched ohhis j`j`bs tcd bueturme v`j `l tcd`r sthrd idsàls. Ycdy sddg hut v`sumes mli`jmadry tcmt rdprdsdlts ehbme bueturd. Hld wmy Qched Ohhis mbc`dvds tc`s `s th `lbhrphrmtdehbmeey shurbdi jmtdr`mes mli rdpurphs`la bueturmeey rdedvmlt dqu`jdlt. Ohr dxmjped, `l mk`g`la-bdltr`b b`ty, Qched ohhis rdpurphsds k`gd pmrts ms pmrt ho tcd`r `ltdr`hr idsàl.

CHJD

Oehwdrs mrd hoodr m sdlsd ho `lv`tmt`hl mli bhjohrt. Qched Ohhis usds hwdrs th pr`jdtcd`r usdr. Ycd hrme sdbt`hl wdebhjds tcd yhu `lth tcd sthrd. Oehrme ohbme ph`lts mrdstrmtda`bmeey sbmttdrdi tcrhuachut tcd sthrd. Mt Qched Ohhis `l Rmvmllmc, m hrmemrrmladjdlt ̀ s phs`t`hldi ulidr m sàl tcmt rdmi, ―Qcmt‐s bhhg`la, Rmvmllmc8‚ Ycd`lbeus`hl ho hrme idtmès brdmtds m sdlsd ho chjd mli tcd msshb`mt`vd qume`t`ds hobhltdltjdlt, pdmbd, mli euxury.



55/118


JMYD[@MER [DOEDBY BH[D J@RR@HLR

―Ycd Vmrehr,‚ m suksdbt`hl ho QchedOhhis, chusds m ehulad spmbd, mli`ts ̀ s wcdrd tc`s arhbdry hoodrs w`ld,bcddsd, mli kddr sdrv`bds, `lbeui`latmst`las. Qched ohhis whrgs th hoodrm sdlsd ho euxury w`tc m sdlsd homutcdlt`b`ty. Ycd Vmrehr‐s idsàl

rdprdsdlts tc`s. Ycd usd ho m eàrddidsàl `l tcd èeustrmt`hl ho tcd`rehah hoodrs m sdlsd ho mrt`stry mlimutcdlt`b`ty. Qched ohhis usds j`xdiwhhi hl tcd`r wmees mli lmturme,ultrdmtdi whhi ohr tcd`r xturds mlitcd`r ourl`turd. Ycd mppe`bmt`hl howc`td, hrmes, mli rd dbt`vd jmtdr`mebrdmtds m sdlsd ho hpuedlbd.

Qched Ohhis wmlts th hoodr m sdlsd ho mutcdlt`b`tyth tcd`r usdr. Tltrdmtdi whhidl brmtds mlibmrikhmri khxds kdmr`la prhiubd mli hwdrs mrdusdi th hoodr m ràct-orhj-tcd-omrj sdlsmt`hl. Ycdj`xturd ho whhi cuds hl wmees mli xurds, m stmpedmbrhss jhst sthrd ehbmt`hls, rdprdsdlts m lmturmedxpdr`dlbd. Cujml psybchehay suaadsts tcmt usdrsmrd mttrmbtdi th dxpdr`dlbds tcmt irmw tcdj behsdrth lmturd. Mesh, Qched Ohhis pr`jds tcd usdr kyphs`t`hl`la tcd`r hrme `lvdlthry mt tcd orhlt ho tcdsthrd, ̀ jprdss`la m sdlsd ho ordscldss.

Y CD ID YM @ E R

Oàurd =2 ―Ycd Vmrehr,‚ `l Qched Ohhis




56/118

O`aurd =9 J`li jmp ho Bmsd Rtuiy O`li`las

YC D B[ DMY @_ D TRD HO AD HJD Y[ PA@_DR M RDLRD HO KMEMLBD

@ L Y D A [ M Y @ L A H V V H [ Y T L @ Y @ D R

Y H T R D Y C D R V M B D M R M

Y C @ [ I - V E M B D O M B @ E @ Y P

M

D R Y C D Y @ B

R M [

D K H E I

,

K T Y

[ D E M Y @ _ D Y H Y C

D T R D [

E H

B M E E P

B T R Y

HJ@ ^ D I

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D J V E H P

D D R B H L Y

[ @ K T Y D

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V M B G M A @ L A [ D O E D B Y R

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Q H H

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V [ D R

D L Y

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D M B

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K H I P

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Y BMRD RYTIPO@LI@LAR

J M Y D [ @ M E R T R D I [ D O E D B Y

Y C D B H [ D J @ R R @ H L Y H K D

R T R Y M @ L M K E D

C H T R D R I @ R Y @ L B Y @ _ D E P

I D R @ A L D I R V M B D R Y H G D D V

P H T D L A M A D I

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YC D MJK @D LY ML I E MPHT YIDR@AL RD]TDLBD AT@IDR YCDTRD[ NHT[LDP

_ @ R T M E M L B C H [ R M [ D T R D I

Y H B H C D [ D R Y H [ D I @ _ D [ R @ Y P

O H [ K [ M L I @ I D L Y @ Y P

_ @R T M E E I D RB [ @K D R B H J

V M L P ‐ R

A H M E R Y H R Y M P E H B M E E

P M L I

D L _ @[ H L J DL Y M E E P R T R

Y M @L M K E D

Q @ Y C M R Y [ H L A

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, T R D [ R

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J M R R - V [ H I T B D I

B T R Y H J @ ^ M Y @ H L B [ D M

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V E M B

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D L _ @ [

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RYM[KTBGR

ETETEDJHL

QCHED OHHIR

[DRDM[BC MBY@_@Y@DR & RPLYCDR@R4?

BMRD RYTIP O@LI@LAR


57/118

Oàurd =4 [dsdmrbc O`li`las mt m Aemlbd Jmp v`dw ho sdbhlimry rdsdmrbc ̀ l bhjk`lmt`hl w`tc pr`jmry rdsdmrbc li`las

BHJJTL@BMY@HLIDR@AL

RD[_@BDRBMVD

IDR@ALJMLMADJDLY

Rdrv`bdsbmpdspmbgmad tcd sdrv`bdtcrhuac mjk`mlbd,emyhut, mli sàlmad

Dlv`rhljdltmeVsybchehay ̀ s

usdi th prdi`bt,mli idsàl ohr,

ml moodbt`vd usdrdxpdr`dlbd

Idsàl Jmlmadjdltj`tàmtds r`sg w`tc

`lohrjdi, bhltdxtumeidb`s`hls

Dlv`rhljdltmeidsàl ohr krmli`lawhrgs th mttrmbt mli

dlamad tcd usdr

M strhla krmlibrdmtds mpprhpr`mtd

krmli jdml`latcrhuac msshb`mt`hls

Hkndbts, bhehrs,mli jmtdr`mes cmvd

bhjjul`bmt`vd vmeudtcrhuac sdj`ht`bs

Idsàl brdmtds mehvdodst kdtwddl tcdkrmli mli tcd usdr

Idsàl a`vds krmli`latcd emlaumad th spdmg th

`ts mui`dlbd

_`sume mlimjk`dlt jmttdr

`s lhl-vdrkmebhjjul`bmt`hl

tcrhuacmsshb`mt`hl

Idsàl Yc`lg`lapmvds tcd wmyth mpprhmbc`la

ldw prhkedjs kystuiy`la pdrbdpt`hls,

dxpdbtmt`hls, mlibmpmkè`t`ds

Ycd emyhut ho mspmbd bhjjul`bmtds

tcd ̀ ltdlidiusdr nhurldy

Yc`ri-pembdspmbds, usdi ̀ l

sdrv`bdsbmpds, mrdoulbt`hlme spmbdshutsìd tcd chjd

hr ho bd

Idsàl Yc`lg`lamli Dlv`rhljdltme

Vsybchehay ̀ sir`vdl ky

cujml-bdltdrdiidsàl jdtchis


[DRDM[BC RVMBD O@LI@LAR


58/118

[DRDM[BC @LR@ACYR

QCMY BHLY[@KTYDR YH YCD TRD[ DSVD[@DLBDBHLY[@KTYDR YH YCD K[MLI JDRRMAD

―Ycd usd ho bhehr bhjk`lmt`hls, sbdlt, sehamls, mli `jmadrymrd wmys ̀ l wc`bc kus`ldssds bml brdmtd krmli ̀ idlt`ty,‚(Ghpdb, ;661).

RD[_@BDRBMVDR M[D JMG@LA [HHJ OH[YC@[I-VEMBD RVMBDR

Ycd `ltdarmt`hl ho tc`ri-pembd spmbds `s th prhvhgd krmlidlamadjdlt. Hld ho tcd strhladst mo rjmt`hls ho krmliehymety `s wcdl bhlsujdrs mbt`vdey dlamad w`tc tcd krmli(Gdeedr, ;66=).

R@ALMAD MLI A[MVC@BR RCHTEI [DV[DRDLY YCDK[MLI _METDR YCMY J@[[H[ TRD[R‐ AHMER

―Bhlsujpt`hl cms kdbhjd jdml`laoue, mli krmlis mrdhotdl usdi ms m kuèi`la kehbgs ohr tcd bhlstrubt`hl mlijm`ltdlmlbd ho hur pdrshlme ìdlt`ty,‚ (Ehbgwhhi,;660).

DJVEHPDDR BHLY[@KTYD YH YCD MJK@MLBD MLIYCD TRD[ DSVD[@DLBD

―M mtjhspcdrd bmllht kd supphrtdi ky idsàl mehld7 `tmesh rdqu`rds tcd `lbeus`hl ho pdhped wch supphrt tcd `jmadmli hbbupy tcd dlv`rhljdlt st`juemt`la tcd dxpdr`dlbd,‚(Ghpdb, ;66?)

M K [ML I J TRY KD BHL Y@L TME EP JHI @OP @LA YHRYMP [DED_MLY

@t ̀ s ̀ jphrtmlt th bhls`stdltey upimtd dlv`rhljdlts th rdtm`ltcd bhlsujdr‐s mttdlt`hl mli jm`ltm`l bueturme rdedvmlby.

HVVH[YTL@YP YH IDR@AL YCD @LYDLIDI TRD[DSVD[@DLBD YC[HTAC EMPHTY MLI OHBME VH@LYR

―Idsàldrs lddi th bhlsìdr chw kuèi`las moodbt tcd pdhpedus`la tcdj ky ulidrstmli`la khtc chw idsàl `l udlbdspdhped mli chw wd bml jhiòy tcd idsàl th ombè`tmtd tcdoulbt`hl ohr wc`bc tcd sdtt`la `s `ltdlidi,‚ (Ghpdb, ;66?).

Q@YC RTVVH[Y@LA RDBHLIM[P [DRDM[BC H[ [DRDM[BC O@LI@LAR



59/118

M K [ML I J DRR MAD @R RY[ DLA YCDL DI QCD LBHLR@RYDLYEP _@RTME@^DI MB[HRR MEE TR D[YHTBC VH@LYR

―Krmli ids`rd mli jdml`la djdrad ̀ l tcd bhlsujdr‐s j`litcrhuac tcd mbbujuemt`hl ho dxpdr`dlbds mbrhss mee tcdkrmli‐s thubc ph`lts,‚ (Ehbgwhhi, ;660).

_@R TME RD] TDL B@L A @ R T RDI YH Y DEE M R YH[P Ycd mrrmlamjdlt ho v`sume jmtdr`me cms ml doodbt hl tcd wmytcd tcd dlv`rhljdlt ̀ s pdrbd`vdi, kdyhla tcd ̀ li`v`sumededjdlts, kdbmusd ̀ l ml mrrmladjdlt rdemt`hlsc`ps mlibhlldbthrs mrd ohrjdi. Ycd mrrmladjdlt, ms m wched tdees msthry ̀ l hld v`sume swhhp.

K[MLI [DRHLMLBD RYM[YR Q@YC M BEDM[K[MLI @IDLY@YP MLI QH[GR YHQM[IR K[MLIDLAMADJDLY

―Jm`ltm`l krmli dqu`ty ky bhlt`lumeey dlama`la `l krmli-kuèi`la mbt`v`t`ds‚ (Gdeedr, ;66=).

BHEH[R MLI JMYD[@MER M[D RTKE@J@LMEEPRPJKHE@B MLI Q@EE MOODBY K[MLI @IDLY@YP

Bhehr ̀ s usdi idp`bt m krmli‐s pdrshlme`ty, ̀ l bhltr`kut`hl thidsàl`la kdcmv`hrme sdtt`las, hr th cmvd ml moodbt hl usdrpsybchehay.

VEDMR@LA _@RTMER V[HJHYD YCD R D[_@BD H[ V[HITBY―Qcdl wd mrd smt`s di mli bhjohrtmked w`tc ml dlv`rhljdlt, wdwèe kd edss br`t`bme ho tcd sdrv`bds ide`vdrdi,‚ (Ghpdb, ;66?).

MEE HKN DBYR , R TBC MR @LY D[@ H[ IDR @ALDEDJDLYR, BHLY[@KTYD YH K[MLI @IDLY@YPYC[HTAC _@RTME VD[BDVY@HLR

Jmtdr`mes tcmt mrd lht dxpe`b`tey jdmlt th bhjjul`bmtd mjdssmad, bhltm`l ̀ lohrjmt`hl tcmt mrd `ltdrprdtdi ky usdrs.Ràls, syjkhes, mli mrtdombts mrd bhjjul`bmt`hl sàlmeswc`bc moodbt tcd hvdrmee ̀ jprdss`hl ho usdrs (Kehjgv`st, ;6=9).



60/118


61/118

IDR@AL

HVVH[YTL@Y@DR& B[@YD[@M,[DO[MJ@LA


62/118


63/118

@LR @ ACY CHQ J@ A CY Q D HV VH [Y T L@Y @ DR OH [ ID R@ A L

H V V H [ Y T L @ Y @ D R O H [ I D R @ A L , B H LY @ LT D I

Rdrv`bdsbmpds mrd jmg`la rhhj ohrtc`ri-pembd spmbds

M krmli just kd bh lt`lum eey jhiòy`lath stmy rdedvmlt

Djpehydds bhltr`kutd th tcd mjk`mlbdmli tcd usdr dxpdr`dlbd

Chw jàct wd idsàl spmbds ohr usdrs thdlamad w`tc tcd krmli hutsìd tcd prhiubthr sdrv`bd

Chw jàct wd rdtm`l tcd usdr‐s mttdlt`hl

Chw jàct wd `ltdarmtd djpehydds `lth tcdbueturme krmli dxpdr`dlbd

M krmli schuei l ht omee hut ho thubc w` tc jhidr l bhlsujd r lddis. Yhjm`ltm`l rdedvmlby, m krmli just kd bhlt`lumeey upimt`la hr rdidsàl`latcd`r dlv`rhljdlt th ̀ ltdarmtd ldw wmys ho dlama`la w`tc tcd`r usdr.

YCD[D @R ML HVVH[YTL@YP YH IDR@AL RVMBDR QCD[D TRD[R

DLAMAD Q@YC YCD K[MLI HTYR@ID YCD V[HITBY H[ RD[_@BD.

Mt Eueue djhl, yham-bemi d jpehydds puke`be y phst tcd`r ahm es mli tcd`rpemls ohr mbc`dv`la tchsd ahmes. Ohr m krmli tcmt prhjhtds kmemlbd,mbt`v`ty, mli prhiubt`v`ty, tc`s ̀ s ml moodbt`vd wmy ho ̀ ltdarmt`ladjpehydds ̀ lth mjk`dlt idsàl.

YCD[D @R ML HVVH[YTL@YP YH CM_D DJVEHPDDR

KD M _@RTME IDJHLRY[MY@HL HO K[MLI _METDR.

?2


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@LR @A CY CH Q J @ ACY QD H VV H[ Y TL@ Y @ DR O H [ ID R@ A L

H V V H [ Y T L @ Y @ D R O H [ I D R @ A L , B H LY @ LT D I

Hpphrtul`ty th idsàl tcd `ltdlidi usdrdxpdr`dlbd tcrhuac emyhut mli ohbmeph`lts

M krmli jdssmad ` s strdlatcdldi wcd l

bhls`stdltey v`sume`zdi mbrhss mee usdrthubc ph`lts

Krmli [dshlmlbd stmrts w`tc m bedmrkrmli ̀ idlt`ty mli whrgs thwmris krmlidlamadjdlt

Chw jàct wd usd emyhut idsàl, `lbeui`lapembdjdlt ho v`sume pèemrs, th prhiubd tcd`ltdlidi usdr dxpdr`dlbd

Chw jàct wd rdtm`l tcd usdr‐s mttdlt`hl

Chw jàct wd kdttdr ìdltòy hursdevds `l mwmy tcmt wèe mttrmbt mli dlamad tcd usdr

Cujml ̀ lohrjmt`hl prhbdss`la ̀ s chw usdrs wèe prhbdss ml dlv`rhljdltkmsdi hl sdlshry `lohrjmt`hl. @t `s edss th ih w`tc m bhls`stdlt bhehr hridsàl mi jhrd mkhut prhiub`la tcd smjd djht`hlme mli pcys`heha`bme

rdmbt`hls. Ycd trmlsemtds th emyhut mli mjk`dlt idsàl. Ohr dxmjped, QchedOhhis sdts tcd`r hrme jmrgdt mli tcd`r ohhi jmrgdt mt tcd orhlt ho tcd sthrdsh tcmt tcd sbdlts dxtrmbt m rdmbt`hl mli `l udlbd m bhlsujdr kdcmv`hr.

YCD[D @R ML HVVH[YTL@YP YH IDR@AL M [DHBBT[[@LA DOODBY,

[MYCD[ YCML TR@LA M K[MLI JHY@O.

Q`tc m strhla ohbus, usdrs wèe ohbus `l. Krmlis w`tc thh i`vdrsd hrthh krhmi ho ml ìdlt`ty wèe cmvd iò buety rdshlmt`la w`tc bhlsujdrs.

Bhlsujdrs ehhg ohr tcd pmrmeede kdtwddl m vmeud mli ml hoodr`la.

YCD[D @R ML HVVH[YTL@YP YH _@R TME@^D YCD K[MLI @LYDLY@HLR

Q@YC DJHY@HLME _METD YH _@RTMEEP DLAMAD YCD TRD[

Ràlmad mli armpc`bs schuei rdprdsdlt

tcd krmli vmeuds tcmt j`rrhr usdrs‐ ahmes

Chw jàct wd v`sumeey rdemtd th tcd tmradt

mui`dlbd

?9


65/118

Oàurd =1 Hpphrtul`t`ds ohr Idsàl jmp

@L@ACYR

CHQ J@ACY QD

H V V H [ Y T L @ Y @ D R O H [ I D R @ A L

Krmli [dshlmlbdstmrts w`tc m bedmrkrmli ìdlt`ty mli

whrgs thwmriskrmli dlamadjdlt

Ràlmad mliarmpc`bs schuei

rdprdsdlt tcd krmlivmeuds tcmt j`rrhr

usdrs‐ ahmes

Chw jàct wd kdttdr ìdltòy

hursdevds `l m wmytcmt wèe mttrmbt mli

dlamad tcd usdr

Chw jàct wdv`sumeey rdemtd th tcd

tmradt mui`dlbd

Ycdrd `s mlhpphrtul`ty th

v`sume`zd tcd krmli`ltdlt`hls w`tc

djht`hlme vmeud thv`sumeey dlamad

tcd usdr

Hpphrtul`ty thidsàl tcd `ltdlidi

usdr dxpdr`dlbdtcrhuac emyhut mli

ohbme ph`lts

M krmli jdssmad`s strdlatcdldi

wcdl bhls`stdlteyv`sume`zdi mbrhss

mee usdrthubc ph`lts

Chw jàctwd usd emyhut

idsàl, `lbeui`lapembdjdlt ho v`sumepèemrs, th prhiubdtcd `ltdlidi usdr

dxpdr`dlbd

Chw jàctwd jm`ltm`l m

bhls`stdlt `jmadw`tc iòodrdltjdiùjs hr

jmtdr`mes

Ycdrd `s mlhpphrtul`ty th idsàl

m rdhbburr`la doodbt,rmtcdr tcml us`la m

krmli jhtò.

Djpehyddsbhltr`kutd th tcd

mjk`mlbd mli tcdusdr dxpdr`dlbd

Chw jàctwd `ltdarmtd

djpehydds `lthtcd bueturme krmli

dxpdr`dlbd

Rdrv`bdsbmpds mrdjmg`la rhhj ohr

tc`ri-pembd spmbds


cmvd djpehyddskd m v`sume

idjhlstrmt`hl hokrmli vmeuds

M krmli justkd bhlt`lumeey

jhiòy`la th stmyrdedvmlt

Chw jàct wdidsàl spmbds ohrusdrs th dlamadw`tc tcd krmli

hutsìd tcd prhiubthr sdrv`bd Chw jàct wd

rdtm`l tcd usdr‐smttdlt`hl

Ycdrd `s mlhpphrtul`ty thidsàl spmbds

wcdrd usdrsdlamad w`tc tcdkrmli hutsìd

tcd prhiubthr sdrv`bd.

Mee hkndbts,subc ms `ltdr`hr

idsàl dedjdlts,bhltr`kutd th krmli

ìdlt`ty tcrhuacv`sume pdrbdpt`hls

Bhehrs mlijmtdr`mes mrdsuke`j`lmeey

syjkhe`b mli wèemoodbt krmli ìdlt`ty

Qcmt bhltr`kutdsth tcd usdrdxpdr`dlbd

bhltr`kutds th tcd krmli jdssmad

Chw jàct wdmpprhmbc bchhs`la

oxturds mli

ourl`turd tcmt mrddjkedjmt`bho tcd krmli

Chw jàct wdmppey bhehr tcdhrymli sdj`ht`bs th

supphrt krmliìdlt`ty

Chw jàct wdbrdmtd m phs`t`vd

usdr dxpdr`dlbd thde`b`t phs`t`vd krmli

msshb`mt`hls


v`sumeey dxprdsstcd `ltdlidi krmliky ulidrstmli`la

chw jmttdr moodbtsjdml`la.

_`sume sdqudlb`la`s usdi th tdee m

sthry

Vedms`la v`sumesprhjhtd tcd sdrv`bdmli prhiubt

Chw jàct wdidsàl m v`sumelmrrmt`vd us`laarmpc`bs mli

`jmads

Chw jàct wd usdmrt mli armpc`bs thbrdmtd m pedmsmlt

dxpdr`dlbd

Ycdrd `s mlhpphrtul`ty thusd mrtwhrg ohr

krmli`la kyde`b`t`la jhhis

mli sdlsmt`hls mspmrt ho tcd usdr

dxpdr`dlbd

?4


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67/118

I D R @ A L H V V H [ Y T L @ Y @ D R M L I B [ @ Y D [ @ M , [ D O [ M J @ L A ?1

BHJVHR@LA PHT[ MDRYCDY@B YDSY

Ms hksdrv di `l tcd rdsdmrbc li`las , yhur md stcdt`bs

prhjhtd yhur prhiubt. @l m smeds-jht`vmtdi sdrv`bd

kus`ldss, yhur dlv`rhljdltme `jmad `s hld ho yhur smedsrdps. Bhjjul`bmt`hl tcrhuac mdstcdt`bs cmppdls tcrhuac

idlhtmt`vd mli bhllhtmt`vd bhjjul`bmt`hl. Q`tc m idsàl

hpphrtul`ty th v`sumeey dxprdss tcd ̀ ltdlidi krmli ky

ulidrstmli`la chw jmttdr moodbts jdml`la, bhjphs`la yhur

mdstcdt`b tdxt `s m wmy ho bhjjul`bmt`la tcd krmli jdssmad

tcrhuac v`sume jmttdr. ―Ycd stuiy ho mdstcdt`bs `l idsàl `l

ml mttdjpt th ìdltòy, ulidrstmli, mli brdmtd dlv`rhljdltme

odmturds tcmt edmi th phs`t`vd rdsphlsds,‚ (Ghpdb, ;66?).

Krmli rdshlmlbd `s brdmtdi wcdl usdrs ulidrstmli,

mbbdpt, mli kuèi m rdemt`hlsc`p th tcd krmli. _`sume

st`jue`, tdxturds, mli mjk`dlt sdtt`las mii th krmliìdlt`ty, syjkhe`bmeey rdemy`la m jdssmad. Bhehr mli

jmtdr`me, ohr dxmjped, cmvd bhal`t`vd mli djht`hlme

vmeud. Mjk`dlt sdtt`las mrd idsàldi th pr`jd tcd

usdr mli `l udlbd tcd`r bhlsujdr kdcmv`hr. Jmtdr`mes

`lbeui`la mrtwhrg, ourl`sc`las, mli idbhr cmvd syjkhe`b

jdml`la w`tc mdstcdt`b `jprdss`hl (K`tldr, =00;).

TR@LA JMYD[@MER YH JHBG _METDR

Oàurd =3 @jmad ho bmsd stuiy mlmeys̀ s


68/118

I D R @ A L H V V H [ Y T L @ Y @ D R M L I B [ @ Y D [ @ M , [ D O [ M J @ L A?3

JMG@LA RVMBD OH[ YC@[I VEMBD MJDL@Y@DR

@LYDA[MYD MLI @LRV@[D PHT[ TR D[R

Qcdtcdr `t `s m bhubc ldmrky m irdss`la rhhj hr m bhjjul`ty

spmbd sdrv`la ms m id-ombth ho bd, sdrv`bdsbmpds mrd mihpt`la

tc`ri-pembd spmbds th mttrmbt mli dlamad usdrs. Brdmt`la m

ehulad mrdm ldmrky m tt`la rhhj, ohr dxmjped, `s idsàl`la mlhpphrtul`ty th rdtm`l tcd bhlsujdr‐s mttdlt`hl, wcèd tcd`r audst

dlamad w`tc tcd krmli `l m iòodrdlt wmy. M rdsdrvdi tcì-pembd

spmbd brdmtds krmli dlamadjdlt hutsìd tcd prhiubt hr sdrv`bd.

Yc`ri pembd spmbds mrd `ldxpdls`vd pembds hutsìd tcd chjd hr

ho bd wcdrd usdrs bml bchhsd th rdemx, shb`me`zd, hr dlamad `l

ml mbt`v`ty. Yh brdmtd krmli rdshlmlbd, `t `s `jphrtmlt th v`sume`zd, tcrhuac

armpc`bs mli sàlmad tcmt tcd usdr bml ̀ ltdrprdt, tcd krmli vmeuds

tcmt rd dbt usdr ahmes hr ids`rds. Ohr dxmjped, mt Qched Ohhis,

tcdy msshb`mtd qume`ty ho ohhi w`tc qume`ty ho eòd, supphrtdi ky

mbt`vd mli cdmetcy `jmadry. Ycdrd `s m idsàl hpphrtul`ty th

sukndbt tcd krmli `ltdlt`hls w`tc djht`hlme vmeud th dlamad tcd

usdr. @jmadry `s usdi th sdlsmt`hlme`zd tcd usdr dxpdr`dlbd.

Oàurd =0 Mo l`t`zmt`hl ho [dsdmrbc @lsàcts ̀ jmad


69/118

@lstdmi ho idsàl`la br`tdr`m ohr moodbt`vd dlv`rhljdltme krmli`la, tcdrd `s ml

hpphrtul`ty th idsàl ml dlama`la jhime`ty ohr mrr`v`la mt tcd br`tdr`m ohr idsàl.

Ycd mppe`bmt`hl ho Idsàl Yc`lg`la prhbdssds `s ml hpphrtul`ty th idsàl jdtchis

th ombè`tmtd tcd brdmt`hl ho jdml`laoue, bhltdxtume, mli ideàctoue dlv`rhljdlts.

[DO[MJ@LA

Idsàl`la m Jhime`ty

I D R @ A L H V V H [ Y T L @ Y @ D R M L I B [ @ Y D [ @ M , [ D O [ M J @ L A ?0

@ltdrmbt`vd mli dlamads tcd usdr

Brdmtds bhli`t`hls ohr Idsàl Yc`lg`la

M thhe ohr bhjjul `bmt`h l mli bheemkhrmt`hl

m

m

m

B[@YD[@M OH[ IDR@AL

Oàurd ;6 [dormjd mli Br`tdr`m


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V[HYHYPVD ID_DEHVJDLY& YDRY@LA


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M [DOD[DLB D AT @IDOH[ DL_@[HLJDLYME IDR@AL BCH@BDR

[dodrdlbd auìds mrd idsàldi ms m rdshurbd ohr bhlsuet`la, rmtcdr tcml m rdmi`la hr mwhrg w`tc m sthrye`ld. Bhltdlt wèe bhls`st ho dlv`rhljdltme idsàl dedjdlts mli wmys hojmlma`la `t. @l tc`s a`vdl dxmjped, èeuj`lmt`hl `s ml dlv`rhljdltme jmttdr mli tcdrd mrd

wmys ho jmlma`la èeuj`lmt`hl sh tcmt `t whrgs w`tc yhur spmbd, mli `ts purphsd hr mbt`v`ty.

BHLBDVY ID_DEHVJDLY EHA@B

Dlv`rhljdltme krmli`la `s dxpmls`vd mli bhjprdcdls`vd, kut `t bml kd krhgdl ihwl `lthmpprhpr`mtd se`bds ho `lohrjmt`hl, rdemt`vd th tcd kus`ldss mli `ts prhndbt. Ohr tc`s rdmshl, mrdodrdlbd auìd `s ml mpprhmbcmked wmy ho prdsdlt`la tc`s `lohrjmt`hl, sh tcmt tcd usdr bmlp`bg up, put ihwl, hr kd `lsp`rdi ky tcd dlv`rhljdltme krmli`la hpphrtul`t`ds ohr idsàl.

Jhrd ̀ eeuj`lmt`hl ̀ slddidi th càceàct bhehr hr tdxturd.

M sdrv`bd sdee`la tdxtèd , subc ms rdtmèhr bmrpdt sthrd, jàct rdqu`rd kràctdr

eàct`la. Kràctdr eàct`la `s usdi th mbt`vmtdm sdtt`la, a`v`la tcd doodbt ho dldray.

Yc`s doodbt moodbts tcd wmy bhlsujdrskdcmvd `l tcd spmbd mli wcmt tcmt

smys mkhut tcd krmli.

V [ H Y H Y P V D I D _ D E H V J D LY & Y D RY @ L A1;

V[DE@J@LM[P BHLBDVYR

=

Oàurd ;= Vrde`j`lmry Bhlbdpt =


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RVMY@ME H[K@Y HO DL_@[HLJDLYME K[MLI@LA

YHTBCVH@LYR> M IDR@AL I@[DBY@_D

Ycdrd mrd juet`ped wmys th bhjjul`bmtd th yhur bhlsujdr tcrhuac yhur dlv`rhljdltmeidsàl th èeustrmtd m krmli jdssmad. Ycdsd dàct thubc ph`lts trmbg idsàlhpphrtul`t`ds ohr dlv`rhljdltme krmli`la. Ky jhv`la tcrhuac m rcdthr`bme spmbd, wd bmlv`sume`zd wcdrd mli chw tcdsd hpphrtul`t`ds dx`st.


Yc`s bhlbdpt `s m idjhlstrmt`hl ho chw dlv`rhljdltme krmli`la `s idsàldi. Ohr tcdidb`s`hl jmgdr, tc`s `s m prmbt`bme mli mpprhmbcmked bcdbge`st ho v`sume, mjk`dlt, mlidxpdr`dlt`me idsàl hpphrtul`t`ds ohr tcd purphsds ho dlv`rhljdltme krmli`la. Ml hrk`t`s idsàldi th idjhlstrmtd m che`st`b dxpdr`dlbd ky i`sbhvdr`la, mli tcdl dxpehr`la,pcmsds ho dlv`rhljdltme idsàl.

OH[ DSMJVED>

YCD DSYD[@H[ OMBMID MLI DLY[MLBDR M[D ML HVV H[YT L@Y P Y H V [@J D P HT[ BHL RTJ D[R .RBDLY, JTR@B, H[ OHBME VH@LYR M[D TRDI CD[D

YH B[DMYD ML DSVDBYMY@HL OH[ YCD @LYDLIDITRD[ DSVD[@DLBD.

V [ H Y H Y P V D I D _ D E H V J D LY & Y D RY @ L A 12

;

Oàurd ;; Vrde`j`lmry Bhlbdpt ;


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DL_@[HLJDLYME IDR@AL JMLTME

Jhst bhrphrmtd kus`ldssds cmvd m idsàl jmlume th prhvìd tcd`r stmoo w`tc v`sumestmlimris mrhuli tcd`r krmli ̀ idlt`ty. Ycdsd jmlumes sdt tcd arhuli rueds th kmsdmdstcdt`b idb`s`hl jmg`la hoo ho. M stmoo armpc`b idsàldr, ohr dxmjped, whuei lddith rdodrdlbd tc`s jmlume ohr mly prhndbt. Yc`s jmlume whuei kd m ul`vdrsme vdrs`hlho krmli-spdb` b idsàl jmlumes, usdi ky idb`s`hl jmgdrs th cdep auìd tcdjtcrhuac tcd prhbdss ho id l`la tcd`r krmli jdssmad th id l`la tcd`r mdstcdt`b mli

`jpedjdlt`la v`sume stmlimris.


Yc`s bhlbdpt wms idvdehpdi ohr tchsd wch ih lht ydt cmvd v`sume i`rdbt`vds. Yc`sjmlume whuei kd hraml`zdi s`jèmr th dx`st`la idsàl jmlumes, stmrt`la w`tc tcdkrmli `ltdlt`hl mli edmi`la w`tc tcd typds ho jmtdr`mes mli mdstcdt`b (bhehrs, ohlts)mpprhpr`mtd ohr ohr mbc`dv`la tcd `ltdlidi krmli msshb`mt`hls. Yc`s jmlume wmegs tcdrdmidr tcrhuac tcd stdps ho prdpmr`la mli hraml`z`la ml dlv`rhljdltme idsàl. @t wèestmrt ky prhjpt`la tcd rdmidr th id ld tcd`r tmradt usdr mli wcy tc`s `s `jphrtmlt thdlv`rhljdltme idsàl. Ycdl, tc`s jmlume wèe wmeg tcd idb`s`hl jmgdr tcrhuac tcdprhbdss ho id l`la tcd`r mdstcdt`b, kmsdi hl krmli ìdlt`ty, kus`ldss vmeuds, mli ehbmebueturd, ohr dxmjped.

2

V [ H Y H Y P V D I D _ D E H V J D LY & Y D RY @ L A19

Oàurd ;2 Vrde`j`lmry Bhlbdpt 2


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BHLBDVY IDR@AL

Vurphsd kdc`li tcdsd bhlbdpts ̀ s th brdmtd jdml`laoue, bhltdxtume, ideàctoue dlv`rhljdltme idsàls.Yh kd jdml`laoue, ml dlv`rhljdlt `s djht`vd mli smturmtdi w`tc bhjjul`bmt`vd, syjkhe`b jmttdr. Mbhltdxtume dlv`rhljdlt dlmkeds rdemt`hlsc`ps kdtwddl tcd krmli mli `ts usdr, stmy`la rdedvmlt mli

rd dbt`vd ho tcd jmrgdt, tcd`r ehbme`ty, mli bhlsujdr bueturd. M ideàctoue dlv`rhljdlt `s hld wcdrdusdrs wmlt th spdlt t`jd, cmv`la mdstcdt`b vmeud mli brdmt`la m phs`t`vd usdr dxpdr`dlbd. Q`tc mIdsàl Jmlmadjdlt mpprhmbc th krmli`la sdrv`bd dlv`rhljdlts, tcrdd bhlbdpts mrd prdsdltdi msm bhltr`kut`hl th dlv`rhljdltme krmli`la prhbdssds, cdep`la kus`ldssds mbc`dvd krmli rdshlmlbd.


= ; 2


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M [DOD[DLBD AT@ID

―M AHHI NTJVRYM[Y‚- sdvdrme pmrt`b`pmlts

BHLBDVY YDRY@LA O@LI@LAR

V [ H Y H Y P V D I D _ D E H V J D LY & Y D RY @ L A1?

=

O`aurd ;9 Vrhthtypd Bhlbdpt =

` d


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ahhi tc`la thrdodrdlbd kmbg th

ms m ahhi stmrt`laph`lt, tc`s whrgs `l tcd

prdpmrmt`hl stmads

whrgs iur`la tcd

stmads ho pemll`la mlijhi` bmt`hl

orhj m ids`altc`lg`la pdrspdbt`vd,

tc`s `s j`ss`la tcdbhli`t`hls ohr ih`lavdrsus prhbdss`la

mli rdmbt`la th`lohrjmt`hl

O`aurd ;4 Bhlbdpt Ydst`la Bhlbdpt =

Trkml Hut ttdrs, Rmvmllmc, AM



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RVMY@ME H[K@Y HO DL_@[HLJDLYME K[MLI@LAYHTBCVH@LYR> M IDR@AL I@[DBY@_D

―YC@R BH_D[R M EHY HO QCMY QD AH YC[HTAC‚- Rthrd IdsàldrTrkml Hut ttdrs, Rmvmllmc, Adhra`m.



;

Oàurd ;? Vrhthtypd Bhlbdpt ;

Oàurd ;?


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jhst `ltdarmked w`tc burrdlt jmtdr`mes,

subc ms dstmke`scdiv`sume krmli i`rdbt`vds

whrgs kybhlldbt`la `li`vìume

sthrd pemls th bhrphrmtdsthrd pemls

whrgs th chei

pdhped mbbhultmkedohr jm`ltm`l`la krmli

ìdlt`ty, bcmeedla`la tcd`rmkè`ty th tmgd lht`bd,

pmy mttdlt`hl.

suaadst`hls thsdd tc`s ià`tmeey,

odde`la tcmt `t wèea`vd ̀ t tcd dx`kè`ty thkd mimptdi th su`t m

pmrt`buemr tmsg. Orhj m IdsàlYc`lg`la pdrspdbt`vd,tc`s whrgs ms m wched

hr `t bml kd bmrvdi `lthrdedvmlt stdps

O aurd ;? Bhlbdpt Ydst`la Bhlbdpt ; Mll Ymyehr Ehot, Rmvmllmc, AM



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―JMLTMER QH[G KDBMTRD YCDP M[DK[MLI-RVDB@O@B‚

- Jmlmadr `l bcmad ho v`sumes Mll Ymyehr EHOY, Rmvmllmc, Adhra`m.


DL_@[HLJDLYME IDR@AL JMLTME


2

O`aurd ;3 Vrhthtypd Bhlbdpt 2

O`aurd ;0


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tc`s `s m ahhi mbt`v`ty ohr ldw stmoojdjkdrs th pmrt`b`pmtd ̀ lth mkshrk mli rd dbt hl

tcd krmli bueturd.

tc`s `s thh vmaud7tcdsd jmlumes hley

rdmeey whrg wcdl tcdy mrdkrmli-spdb` b

tc`s `s m ahhi dxdrb`sd th jmgd surd

dvdryhld‐s hl tcd smjdpmad, jm`ltm`l`la krmli

`idlt`ty orhj tcd

thp ihwl

orhj m ids`altc`lg`la pdrspdbt`vd,

tcdrd `s lh arhwtcphtdlt`me ̀ l tc`s ̀ idm,

`t `s stmt`b `l tcmt`t bhuei kdbhjd

`rrdedvmlt

; Bhlbdpt Ydst`la Bhlbdpt 2 Mll Ymyehr Ehot, Rmvmllmc, AM

V [ H Y H Y P V D I D _ D E H V J D LY & Y D RY @ L A 3=


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BCHRDL BHLBDVY & _ME@IMY@HL

Ycd purphsd ho tc`s hoodr`la `s th supphrt tcd burmt`hl ho jdml`laoue, bhltdxtume, mliideàctoue dlv`rhljdltme krmli`la idsàls. Ohr ml dlv`rhljdltme idsàl th sdrvd ms mkrmli`la jdiùj ̀ t just kd syjkhe`b mli djht`vd (jdml`laoue), rdemt`vd (bhltdxtume),mli hoodr`la m pedmsmlt dxpdr`dlbd w`tc mdstcdt`b qume`t`ds (ideàctoue). Ycd Rpmt`meHrk`t hoodrs idb`s`hl-jmgdrs tcd hpphrtul`ty th rd dbt hl tc`s br`tdr`m `l tcd prhbdss hoidsàl`la hr jhiòy`la m sdrv`bd dlv`rhljdlt.

Ycd lme bhlbdpt wms bchsdl kdbmusd `t jddts tcd sdrv`bdsbmpd br`tdr`m miirdss`lamjk`dlt bhli`t`hls, sàlmad, mli emyhut mli `t wms tcd jhst `ltdarmked. @l mii`t`hl,`t sdrvds ms m thhe th kd kuèt hl. Orhj m Idsàl Jmlmadjdlt pdrspdbt`vd, tcd htcdrbhlbdpts wdrd `lmbt`vd mli embgdi tcd vmr`mkeds ldbdssmry ohr mimpt`hl hr arhwtc. Yc`smpprhmbc ̀ s m tdjpemtd ohr usdr-bdltdrdi, strmtda`b idsàl brdmt`la vmeud mli `liub`lajhrd phs`t`vd dxpdr`dlbds.

YCD RVMY@ME H[K@Y @R ML DL_@[HLJDLYME IDR@AL YHHE OH[ MOODBY@_D IDR@AL, BHLR@ID[@LA CHQYCD TRD[ Q@EE DSVD[@DLBD MLI TLID[RYMLI M K[MLI KMRDI HL YCD@[ RVMY@ME NHT[LDP

RVMY@ME H[K@Y HO DL_@[HLJDLYME K[MLI@LAYHTBCVH@LYR> M IDR@AL I@[DBY@_D

V [ H Y H Y P V D I D _ D E H V J D LY & Y D RY @ L A3;


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O@LME IDR@ALYH JM[GDY


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M L D L _@ [ H L JD L YM EI D R @ A L Y H H E G @ Y

D L _ @ [ H L J D LY M E I D R @ A L B M L _ M R

T R D [ - K T R @ L D R R D J V M Y C P J M V

K D C M _ @ H [ R D Y Y L A R Q H [ G R C D D Y

V R P B C H E H A @ B M E D O O D B Y R H OB H E H [ > M B H E H [ Q C D D E

RVMY@ME H[K@Y HO DL_@[HLJDLYMEI D R @ A L Y H T B C V H @ LY R

T R D [ N H T [ L D P J M V

O E H H [ R D Y / E M P H T Y J M V

O`aurd 2= O`lme Bhlbdpt Jmp


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DL_@[HJDLYMEK [ M L I @ L A

YC [H TA C ID R@ AL YC @L G@ LA

QCMY‐R @LR@ID

R V M Y @ M E H [ K @ Y H O D L _ @ [ H L J D L Y M E I D R @ A L Y H T B C V H @ L Y R > M I D R @ A L I @ [ D B Y @ _ D

V R P B C H E H A @ B M E D O O D B Y R H O B H E H [ > M B H E H [ Q C D D E


D L _ @ [ H L J D L Y M E I D R @ A L J M L M A D J D L Y B M L _ M R

=

;

@ L R D [ Y P H T [ E M P H T Y H [ O E H H [ R D Y J M V C D [ D

2

9

4

VT[VHRD

YH TR D MR M [D RH T[ BD OH [ ID R@ AL @L A ML I K[ ML I@ LA M RD [_ @B D DL _@ [H LJ DL Y. YC D

B H J K @ L M Y @ H L H O J M Y D [ @ M E R R D [ _ D R M R M I D R @ A L Y C @ L G @ L A Y H H E G @ Y @ L M I I @ Y @ H L Y H B T [ [ D L Y

O E H H [ R D Y I @ [ D B Y @ _ D R , R Y P E D A T @ I D R , M L I K [ M L I J M L T M E R . Y C D R D Y H H E R M [ D T R D I @ L Y C D

V [ H B D R R H O V [ D V M [ M Y @ H L , J H I @ O @ B MY @ H L , M L I [ D O E D B Y @ H L . B H L Y D L Y R M [ D M E R H D O O D B Y @ _ D M R

M BH JJ TL @B MY@ HL YH HE OH [ ID BH I@ LA @L OH [J MY @H L ML I ID R@ AL RY [M YD AP Q@ YC M YD MJ .

M YHH EG@Y OH[

IDR@AL YC@LG@LA & BHJJTL@BMY@HL@L RD[_@BDRBMVDR

O`aurd 2; @ltrhiubt`hl th O`lme Bhlbdpt


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Y H T B CV H @ LY R


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@ L B H LY D S Y O`aurd 29 Ycd dedjdlts ho tcd Rpmt`me Hrk`t ho Dlv`rhljdltme Ids`al Yhubcph̀ lts

BHEH[R


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@ L B H LY D S Y O`aurd 24 Ycd dedjdlts ho tcd Vsybcheha`bme doodbts ho Bhehr> m Bhehr Qcdde


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O`aurd 2? Tsdr Nhurld Jmp


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Ycd Kus`ldss Jhide Bmlvms www kus`ldssjhideadldrmt`hl bhj


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O @ L M E I D R @ A L Y H J M [ G D Y 09

Gdy Vmrtldrs Gdy Mbt`v`t`ds

Gdy [dshurbds

_meud Vrhphs̀ t̀ hls Busthjdr [demt h̀lsc̀ ps Busthjdr Rdajdlts

Bcmlldes

Bhst Rtrubturd [dvdlud Rtrdmjs

Ycd Kus ldss Jhide Bmlvms www.kus ldssjhideadldrmt hl.bhj

Hlah`la rdsdmrbc &idvdehpjdlt ho ldw

thhes

Rbme`la kus`ldssds

Idsàl [dsdmrbcRphlshrs

Idsàl Vuke`bmt`hls

Htcdr Idsàl

Rtrmtda`sts

Dlama`la ̀ lbheemkhrmt`vd

hpphrtul`t`ds &pmrtldrsc`ps

Idsàl &puke`sc`la

whrgschps &bhlsuet`la

Qdks`tds, puke`bmt`hls, mlihtcdr pemtohrjs ohrpuke`sc`la mli

bhjjul`bmt`la hoodr`las

Rthrd idsàldrs

_`sume Jdrbcmli`sdrs

Kus`ldss hwldrs

Idsàl Yc`lg`la

Krmli rdshlmlbd

mppe`bmt`hl ho usdr-bdltdrdi idsàl thmoodbt bhlsujdr

kdcmv`hr ̀ l omvhr ho tcd kus`ldss

glhwediad mlirdshurbds th sbmed

mli ̀ jprhvd kus`ldss

dlcmlb`labhjjul`bmt`hl

Qdks`td,pmrtldr s`tds

+puke`bmt`hls

hoodr`la ldw thhesmli jdtchis th

jm`ltm`l rdedvmlbymli prhiubt`v`ty

[dsdmrbc Idsàl +Vrhiubt`hl Vr`lt + i`str`kut`hl

\kd`la m

suksbr`pt`hlrdshurbd

v

Bhlsuet`la Qhrgschps bhst ho shjd thheshl wdks`td

Oàurd 96 Kus`ldss Jhide Bmlvms ohr Dlv`rhljdltme Krmli`la tcrhuac Idsàl Yc`lg`la

@JVEDJDLYMY@HL VEML


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@JVEDJDLYMY@HL VEML

O @ L M E I D R @ A L Y H J M [ G D Y 04

B[DMYD QDKR@YD

Yc`s wdks`td wèe kd usdi ms mrdshurbd ohr Idsàl Yc`lg`la thhesmli `lohrjmt`hl rdemt`la th prmbt`bdho Krmli`la Rdrv`bd Dlv`rhljdlts.

DLAMAD _@R@YH[R

Rthrd idsàldrs, _`sumeJdrbcmli`sdrs, mli Kus`ldssHwldrs wèe v`s`t tc`s s`td `l tcdsdmrbc ohr jmtdr`me th tc`lg tcrhuactcd`r prhndbt. Jmykd tcdy glhwmkhut tcd vmeud ho Idsàl Yc`lg`lamli sdmrbcdi ohr thhes th mihptIdsàl Yc`lg`la `lth tcd`r idsàlprhbdss. Hr, jmykd tcdy mrdehhg`la ohr prhndbt pemll`la jmtdr`meth usd w`tc tcd`r idsàl tdmj.

IHQLEHMI H[ H[ID[

Ycd thheg`t `s hoodrdi hl tcd

s`td

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