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Just For Kids! Just For Kids! $ 3XEOLFDWLRQ 7KDW·V $ 3XEOLFDWLRQ 7KDW·V $ 3XEOLFDWLRQ 7KDW·V Kids’ World News www.kidsworldnews.net Volume 1, Issue 6, February 2015 We Welcome You to Check Out 0ur Website www.kidsworldnews.net February 2015 Northern Edition Serving Gratiot, Isabella & Clare Counties FREE For Kids To Enjoy! Coloring Contest Entry Inside! See Page 2 For Details

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Page 1: Kidsworld Northern 02- 04-15

A New Informational Publication That‛s

Just For Kids!Just For Kids!Kids’ World News www.kidsworldnews.net Volume 1, Issue 6, February 2015

We Welcome You to Check Out 0ur Website www.kidsworldnews.net

February 2015Northern EditionServing Gratiot,Isabella & Clare

Counties

FREEFor Kids To Enjoy!

ColoringContest

Entry Inside!See Page 2For Details

Page 2: Kidsworld Northern 02- 04-15

Thanks!Thanks! To All Of Our Sponsors Who Are Helping Us ToProvide Great Information To Kids And Parents

Hi Kids!It’s A Great Day

At Kids’ WorldWhat a wonderful month February is! February is full of celebrations as well

as the shortest month of the year! Here’s five reasons we celebrate! Wecelebrate Black History month where we remember and honor importantmen, women and historical events that changed our nation and the world.Ground Hog Day was February 2nd. The 100th Day of School is celebratedin classrooms with fun activities and creative projects for students to enjoy.Valentine’s Day is the 14th. It’s the celebration of love, where we show ouraffection for friends and family with cards, candy and classroom parties.President’s Day is February 16th. Wow! That’s a lot of celebrations!We would like to thank our wonderful sponsors who help us bring this paper

to you each month and thank you for reading it! Have a happy February!Chris

Kids’ World News www.kidsworldnews.net February 2015, Page 2

Kids’ World NewsAnnual Coloring

Contest RulesPlease join us by participating in the coloring

contest! The coloring contest rules are as follows:Enter the contest by coloring the picture providedon the Coloring Corner page 15 in this Kids’World News paper. There will be a first place win-ner from each grade (from each county) - kinder-garten, 1st grade, 2nd grade, 3rd grade, 4thgrade, 5th grade and 6th grade. The winner willreceive prizes provided by some of our sponsorsincluding: A Kids’ World News certificate and t-shirt! The entries must be received by Kids’ WorldNews no later than March 9, 2015 or picked upat your school office. They can also be mailedin to Kids’ World News, 2418 Mount Hope, Oke-mos, MI 48864. The winners will be announcedon or before April 14, 2015 when the April editioncomes out!

if you would like to see Kids’ World News at your school or if you would like to be one of our proud sponsors,please call 989-429-4259 (e-mail: [email protected]). If you would like to submit an article from yourschool, e-mail: [email protected] Kids’ World News is designed to give exposure to all area schools,recognition of students and staff members. We welcome imput from all our area schools. We do however, re-serve the right to edit.

If you could fly anywhere in theworld, where would it be and why?

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Kids’ World News www.kidsworldnews.net February 2015, Page 3

When I was in 4thgrade I enrolled in a Sat-urday morning art class. Iwas very worried that Iwould not be able to learnto draw. My teacherbegan my art lessons byteaching me to draw car-toon characters such asMickey Mouse and Goofy.I soon discovered thatlearning to drawing car-toon figures was fun andcreative. As my confi-dence in drawing grew, Isoon was drawing realis-tic things well too. Cartoon figures don’t have to be perfect. Actually, they should not be drawn

to look too real. Cartoon figures have silly faces or features that make us seeour world in a fun way. The dictionary describes a cartoon as a “sketch or draw-ing, usually humorous” meaning, it’s not an exact copy of what something re-ally looks like. As with learning anything in life, starting slowly helps us buildskills to achieve larger things down the road. So get out your markers and pen-cils and start drawing!

Project: Step by Step Cartoon Face

Follow steps 1-7 to create a dog face.Practice these steps several times. Try changing ear shape and size. Make eyes smaller or larger. Create a different animal by changing the ears. Color your cartoon friend, or leave it black and white. If yours looks a little different than the samples, that is great! Use your new friend to make a card for someone. Most of all have fun.

Discover ArtThrough

Cartooning!

Page 4: Kidsworld Northern 02- 04-15

Having Fun ThisWinter Outdoors!

Kids’ World News www.kidsworldnews.net February 2015, Page 4

Being physically active is great exercise! So this winter whenthere’s snow outside, bundle up in warm, waterproof clothing andenjoy the outdoors! You can always take breaks and come insideto warm up and have something to drink. Here’s some ideas of funthings to do this winter.

MAKE A SNOW ANGEL!First, lay down on your

back in the snow andmove your legs and armsin and out a few times.Then stand up and take agood look at the snow!You’ve made a snowangel.

BUILD AN IGLOOMake your own playhouse with

snow! Get an old shoebox or plasticbox shaped like one. Fill it with pack-ing snow, pat it down and turn it up-side down where you want your igloo

to be! When the snow comes out of your box, it will look like abuilding brick. Keep adding the snow bricks and stacking themuntil you have the shape you desire. You can even make snowfurniture that way.

STRIKE OUTFirst mound up snow to create three bases and a pitcher’s

mound like in baseball. They should be about 2 feet high and 20feet apart. Next, build a tin can pyramid on each base. The chal-lenge is to knock down the stacks in order from first to third baseby throwing snowballs from the pitcher’s mound. The person who

succeeds with theFEWEST pitches isthe winner.

GET ON A ROLLPair up for this con-

test in which the ob-ject is to finish withthe biggest snowball!Each pair stands atthe start line. At thesame time the gamebegins. The contestends when the teamscan no longer rolltheir snowballs orwhen you run out ofsnow.

BUILD A SNOW-MAN

There are manyways to build a snow-man. Some build their snowmen by making a big mound and thencarving it out. A favorite for many is to make it out of large snow-balls!When there’s a few inches of packing snow on the ground it’s a

good time to begin. Make a ball out of snow and place it on theground in front of you. Start rolling it away from you and pack it oc-casionally with your hands. Keep doing this until it is the size youwant for the base. Then do the same for the mid-section. Packsome extra snow inbetween the balls to make it stick together.Each section should be smaller than the next. The last ball is forthe head. After the snowman is assembled, it’s time to get creative! The

snowman needs a face - you can use coal, rocks, buttons or any-thing dark and round for the eyes. A carrot stick makes a greatnose. The mouth can be shaped with the coal or even a stickabout the right size. Then spruce it up with an old scarf or hat. Ifyou decide you want arms - use sticks by pushing them into thesides of the middle section! Your snowman is complete!

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Page 5: Kidsworld Northern 02- 04-15

Kids’ World News www.kidsworldnews.net February 2015, Page 5

How Many Words Can You Make FromThe Word

V A L E N T I N E _______ _______ _______ _______ _______ _______ _______ _______

2 4 7 4 1 6 8 5

Solve TheseAdditionPyramidPuzzles!

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Page 6: Kidsworld Northern 02- 04-15

Kids exercise all the time without even thinking about it. Justbeing active, like when you run around outside or play dodge ballat school is a kind of exercise. What else counts as exercise?Playing sports, dancing, doing push-ups and even reaching downto touch your toes. When you exercise, you’re helping build astrong body that will be able to move around and do all the stuffyou need it to do.

Exercise Makes Your Heart HappyYou may already know that your heart is a muscle. It works hard,

pumping blood every day of your life. You can help this importantmuscle get stronger by doing aerobic exercise!What is aerobic? Aerobic means “with air” so aerobic exercise

is a kind of activity that requires oxygen. When you breathe, youtake in oxygen and if you’re doing aerobic exercise, you may no-tice you’re breathing faster than normal. Aerobic activity can getyour heart pumping, make you sweaty, and quicken your breath-ing.When you give your heart this kind of workout on a regular basis,

your heart will get even better at its job - delivering oxygen (in theform of oxygen-carrying blood cells) to all parts of your body.Aerobic exercises include swimming, basketball, ice or roller

hockey, jogging (or walking quickly), in-line skating, soccer, cross-country skiing, biking or rowing. And don’t forget that skipping,jumping rope, and playing hopscotch are aerobic activities.

Exercise Strengthens MusclesAnother kind of exercise can help make your muscles stronger.

Did you ever to a push-up or swing across the monkey bars at theplayground? Those are exercises that can build strength. Byusing your muscles to do powerful things, you can make themstronger. Exercises and activities that build strong muscles arepush-ups, pull-ups, running, in-line skating and bike riding.

Exercise Makes You FlexibleCan you touch your toes easily without yelling ouch? Most kids

are pretty flexible, which means that they can bend and stretchtheir bodies without too much trouble. This kind of exercise often

Exercise Does MoreThan You Think!

feels really good, like when you take a big stretch in the morningafter waking up. Being flexible is having “full range or motion,”which means you can move your arms and legs freely without feel-ing tightness or pain. It’s easy to find things to do for good flexibilitysuch as tumbling, gymnastics, yoga, dancing (especially ballet)and martial arts. Simple stretches such as touching your toes orside stretches are good too!

Exercise Keeps The BalanceFood gives your body fuel in the form of calories, which are a

kind of energy. Your body needs a certain amount of calories everyday just to function, breathe, walk around and do all the basic stuff.But if you’re active, your body needs an extra measure of caloriesor energy. If you’re not very active, your body won’t need as manycalories. Whatever your calorie need is, if you eat enough to meetthe need, your body weight will stay about the same. If you eatmore calories than your body needs, it may be stored as excessfat.

Exercise Makes You Feel GoodIt feels good to have a strong, flexible body that can do all the ac-

tivities you enjoy - like running, jumping and playing with yourfriends. But you may not know that exercise can actually put youin a better mood.When you exercise, your brain releases a chemical called en-

dorphins which may make you feel happier. It’s just another rea-son why exercise is cool!

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Page 7: Kidsworld Northern 02- 04-15

Rules For The Kitchen!1. Always ask an adult if you can use the kitchen.2. Have all the ingredients before you start.3. Wash your hands before you touch food.4. Wear an apron or towel to keep your clothes clean.5. Always clean up when you are finished.

Cookin’ FunCookin’ Fun

Kids’ World News www.kidsworldnews.net February 2015, Page 7

Heart Shaped Pizza

Prepared Pizza DoughMozzarella Cheese, shreddedPizza SauceToppings of your choice

Spread out the pizza dough and cut into balls using a smallbowl. Shape it by forming the top of the circle like the top of aheart. Make a point on the bottom half. Top with pizza sauce,cheese and toppings of your choice. Then bake until done usingthe standard pizza directions.

Valentine Crispy Treats

1/2 cup butter10 cups Crispy Rice Cereal9 cups Miniature Marshmallows2 cups Candy Hearts (tiny red spiceones)Candy Hears (the ones with messages)3/4 cups Miniature Chocolate ChipsRed Food Coloring

Melt butter and marshmallows in a sauce pan over low heatand stir until smooth. In a large bowl, mix rice cereal, candyhearts (tiny red ones) and miniature chocolate chips together. Tomarshmallow mixture, blend in 2 drops of red food coloring. Addmarshmallow mixture to cereal mixture and stir quickly to com-bine them. Spread out in a large buttered pan and smooth withbuttered hands. While warm, press on the candy hearts withmessages and space them about 2 inches apart. Refrigerate andcut into squares.

Valentine Pretzels

White Chocolate ChipsWhole Pretzel RodsRed, white and/or pink sprinklesWax paper

Melt chocolate in the microwave - besure to stir it often until smooth. Dip 1/2of the pretzel rod in the chocolate andplace on the wax paper. After thechocolate has hardened, dip again andthen roll the pretzel rod in the sprinkles.Place it on a new sheet of wax paper toharden.

Page 8: Kidsworld Northern 02- 04-15

Kids’ World News www.kidsworldnews.net February 2015, Page 8

The Skeels Christian School elementary studentsmade 125 Christmas cards that were sent to soldiersfrom all branches of the armed forces at a base inTexas. The project began in the 1st grade with thegoal of each student making a Christmas card for asoldier. The project took off and the students wentwell beyond that goal! Great job students!

Kindergarten: Kage Greenfield, Blake McKinney,Miley Kenny, Kaden McCullough, Raymond CosgroveFirst Grade: Mason Heintz, Aric Sauve, Charlie Beck-with, Cadence HardySecond Grade: Destiny Tuma, Riley Woodworth,Alexis Letts, John Sprague, Blake Goudy

Kindergarten: Anthony Cardenas, Whitleigh Dickin-son, Aliyana Quintero, Caitlin Kirby, Donovan WoodFirst Grade: Chelsea Bayn, Elecktra Loughin,Khelder Hathaway, Alexis DavisSecond Grade: Alex Worthing, Russell Davis,Samuel Taliercio-Mowen, Tyler Fox-Poag, AllisonWhitaker

For the past three months we have been providing common core standardsfor K-2nd students and showing Larson students at work. We are nowpleased to announce the 2nd Grade students having mastered those stan-dards with all A’s and B’s for Tri #1 . Nice work Honor Roll students!Honor Roll Students earning A’s And B’s, * denotes all A’s : Kaitlyn Bailey,

Tamara Bennett, Evan Brazier, Paige Burgess, Savannah Buzzelli*,Johnathon Cischke-Sprague, Russell, Davis, Ayla Dennis*, Katelyn Dennis*,Tyler Fox-Poag, Jack Guildenstern, Malory Gray, Matthew Haynie, ReedKeysor, Hannah Kimball, Gabe Lewis, Savannah Lowes, Elianna Maczyn-ski*, Gabriella Maul, Kaylei Millspaugh, Breann Miracle, Amelia Neal, Rem-ington Osterloh, Kaylyn Outinen, Raegan Parrett*, Hunter Piasecki, BrookeRadzialowski, Leila Ramirez, Arionna Robinson, Jada Rouleau, Makayla-Lee Rousseau, Bailey Rumsey, Wilbur Schmucker, J’Lynn Schoon-maker, Tyler Sehy, Madison Seney, Zachary Shook, Ava Snyder, HalieTrabilsy*, Destiny Tuma, Isabella Valenzuela, Allison Whitaker, LoganWilliams, Kegan, Woodworth, Riley Woodworth*, Mathew Yankee. Con-gratulations to these students and their parents.

LarsonElementary

Good Citizensfor December

2014.

LarsonElementary

Good Citizensfor November

2014.

Page 9: Kidsworld Northern 02- 04-15

Kids’ World News www.kidsworldnews.net February 2015, Page 9

The elk or wapiti is one of the largest species of deer in the worldwith only the moose being larger. Plus - the elk is one of the largestmammals in North America.Wild elk live in forest and forest edge habitats. They feed on

grasses, plants, leaves and bark. There are wild elk herds, butsome elk have been domesticated and are farm raised. They havebeen raised commercially on farms or ranches since before 1900. Male elks, called “bulls” have large antlers which shed every year.

The males bugle call is one of the most distinctive calls in nature.Their bugling can be heard miles away. Females are attracted tothe males that bugle more often and are the loudest. It is heardmost commonly in the morning and late in the day. Mature bullslive in a harem with approximately 20 females or “cows.” They arechallenged by other bulls and must defend their harem. They size

each otherup walkingback andfourth andthen theyengage ina n t l e rwres t l i ng .The maturebull weighs800 to 1100pounds!

Femaleshave noa n t l e r s .They weigh

from 550 to 600pounds. Babiesare called “heifercalves” (females)or “bull calves”(males). It is rarethat a female pro-duces twins. Theyare known to begood mothers.These babies re-main with theirmother for aboutone year. In cap-tivity, elk live about20 years or more. In the wild, that changes to 10 to 13 years.They are farmed for many reasons which include meat produc-

tion and velvet collection. The meat is a red meat and tastes gen-erally like a mix of beef and venison. It is higher in protein andlower in fat than either beef or chicken.Their velvet is collected and sold to markets in east Asia where

it is used in medicine. The mature bull may produce 30 to 40pounds of velvet per year. The elk looses their antlers every yearin March and regrows new ones. Antlers can be used in art work,furniture and novelties. Their hides have been used for hundredsof years for tepee coverings, blankets, clothing and shoes.Current estimates for numbers of elk farms and farmed elk total

800 farms and 35,000 elk in Canada, and 1,200 farms and 70,000elk in the United States.

Elk Farming InNorth America

Page 10: Kidsworld Northern 02- 04-15

Kids’ World News www.kidsworldnews.net February 2015, Page 10

The Violin!One of the best known instruments in the orchestra is the violin

which is played with a bow. It is the highest pitched instrument inthe violin family.The violin consists of several parts - the front, the ribs, the neck,

the fingerboard, the pegbox, the scroll, the bridge, the tailpieceand the f-holes. The violin has four strings which are fastened tothe tailpiece, rest over the fingerboard and run to the pegbox. Atthe pegbox, the strings are attached to tuning pegs and by turningthese pegs, the violin can be tuned. By the musician changing fin-ger positions on the strings, different notes are made. The bow isdrawn across the strings which make the tone.The violin can be traced back to Italy in the early 1500’s. It

evolved from two other stringed instruments, the fiddle and the lirada braccio, which were both stringed instruments. The known de-veloper of the violin was Andrea Amati.In the 17th and 18th centuries, the craft of violin making began.

Artists such as Antonio Stradivari, Giuseppe Guarneri and JacobStainer made them in their workshops. At this time, the violins had

a shorter neck, the bridgewas flatter, they had ashorter fingerboard andthe strings were made ofgut.At first, the violin wasn’t

very popular and consid-ered low status socially.But by the 1800’s, wellknown composers likeClaudio Monteverdi usedthe violin in operas. Theviolin began to gain somestature in the Baroque pe-riod as more known com-

posers began using the violin in their works. One of these com-posers was Johann Sebastian Bach. By the mid-18th century,the violin was a vital part in instrumental music. During this pe-riod, violins emerged as the leading section in an orchestra.However, it was not until the 19th century that violin virtuososemerged. People such as Giovanni Viotti, Isaac Stern, MischaElman and Nathan Milstein became world famous for their skill.

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Page 11: Kidsworld Northern 02- 04-15

Kid’s World News www.kidsworldnews.net February 2014, Page 11

On November 19, 1831, James Garfield was born in a logcabin in what is now Moreland Hills, Ohio. He was the last of thelog cabin presidents. Fatherless at 17 months old, he wasbrought up by his mother Eliza Ballou, his sisters and his uncle.They had to work for everything starting at a young age. Hiseducation was local in Orange City Schools, then Eclectic Insti-tute (later called Hiram College) and then transferring toWilliams College in Massachusetts. He graduated in 1856 asan outstanding student.On November 11, 1858, he married Lucretia Randolph. They

had a large family of seven children.He preached for a short time at Franklin Circle Christian

Church. Then taught at Eclectic Institute as an instructor in clas-sical languages before he became the president of the institutefrom 1857 to 1860. Garfield studied law privately and was ad-mitted to the Ohio bar in 1860.He was elected as an Ohio State Senator in 1859. There, he

worked at encouraging the Southern states back into the Union.With the start of the Civil War, Garfield was commissioned as alieutenant colonel in the 42nd Regiment of Ohio volunteers. In1862, he led a brigade at Middle Creek, Kentucky against theConfederate troops which was successful. The Confederateshad 5,000 men and 12 cannons, Garfield had only 1,100 men.The battle was one of the most important minor battles of the

war. Atthe age of31, he be-came aBrigadierGeneral.In 1862,

he waselected tothe Con-gress. Atthe urgingof Lincoln,he re-s i g n e dfrom them i l i t a r y

James AbramGarfield

Our 20th President (1881)

and took his post. Garfield repeatedly won re-election for 18years and became the leading Republican in the House. Hewas elected as a United States Senator (while still in the Houseof Representatives) in 1880, but became president instead.He was elected President by a margin of 10,000 popular

votes. He was the first member of the House of Representa-tives to be elected President. As President, he took a standagainst political corruption. The growing strength of his admin-istration and popularity continued to grow.Garfield was shot in a Washington railroad station on July 2,

1881, twice. One bullet grazed his arm and the other enteredhis back and lodged itself somewhere in his body. He died Sep-tember 19, 1881, living only a few months after being shot.Garfield became the second president to be assassinated -Abraham Lincoln being the first. He also served the secondshortest term as President of the United States.Birthplace of

President Garfield

Page 12: Kidsworld Northern 02- 04-15

Kid’s World News www.kidsworldnews.net February 2015, Page 12

There are some legends when it comes to Valentine’sDay. We automatically have given cards, candy, gifts toour loved ones and just assume the holiday has alwaysbeen. But every holiday begins somewhere and here aresome of the legends.It was named after St. Valentine. Just who is that mys-

terious patron saint? St. Valentine was a priest thatserved during the third century in Rome. When EmperorClaudius II decided that single men made better soldiersthan those with wives and families, he outlawed marriagefor young men since they were the potential soldiers. Thepriest named Valentine, who realized the wrongness ofthis decree, went against Claudius II and married couplesin secret. This was against the law. When his actionswere discovered, Claudius ordered that he be put todeath.According to another legend, Valentine actually sent the

first “Valentine” greeting himself. While in prison, it is be-lieved that Valentine fell in love with a young girl - whomay have been the jailor’s daughter - who came and vis-ited him. Before his death, it is said that he wrote her a letter which he signed, “from your Valentine” and that expression is

still used today. Valentine’s Day cards did not become popular until the 18th cen-

tury in Western countries. Handmade cards were often the gifts, butconfections like chocolate were given also. The first person thatmass produced paper valentine’s in America was Ester A. Howlandin the late 19th century. Now over 1 billion Valentine’s Day cardsare sent every year.

Here’s Some Trivia!In Wales, wooden love spoons were carved and given as gifts on

February 14th. Hearts, keys and keyholes were favorite decorationson the spoons. The decoration meant, “You unlock my heart.”In the Middle Ages, young men and women drew names from a

bowl to see who their valentines would be. They would wear thesenames on their sleeves for one week. To wear your heart on yoursleeve now means that it is easy for other people to know how youare feeling.In some countries, a young woman may receive a gift of clothing

from a young man. If she keeps the gift, it means she will marryhim!

ColorMe!

Valentine’s DayTrivia!

Page 13: Kidsworld Northern 02- 04-15

Kids’ World News www.kidsworldnews.net February 2015, Page 13

Tell your friend or family member to picktheir favorite number between 1 and 9, but

don't tell you what it is!

Tell them that through the magic of theircalculator, you will show them your

number.

Using the calculator, have them multiplytheir number by 9.

Now have them multiply that number by12,345,679. (1 thru 9, skipping the 8)

TAH DAH... The calculator shows themtheir number -- 9 times!

Try It!

Example 1:Favorite number = 5

5 x 9 = 4545 x 12345679 = 555,555,555

Here’sSomethingFun ToShare

With YourFriendsAnd

Family!

Can You Solve TheseProblems?

= ______

= ______

= ______

= ______

= ______

= ______

24 ÷ 4

42 ÷ 7

18 ÷ 3

63 ÷ 9

90 ÷ 10

36 ÷ 2

Here’s Some Challenges!Thomas is going Valentine's Day shop-ping for his sweetheart. He wants to pur-chase a sweater for $54.44, a box ofchocolates for $22.95 and a dozen rosesfor $36.99. Show how much moneyThomas needs:

Sweetness Candy Shop is preparing forthe Valentine rush. Mr. Sweet estimatesthat he will have to prepare 25 boxes ofchocolate and each box has 9 chocolatesin it. How many chocolates will his staffhave to make to fill the 25 boxes?

Subtract down and across.Then subtract the totals

you calculated. The answeracross should equalthe answer down.

7498 4511

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Page 14: Kidsworld Northern 02- 04-15

Kids’ World News www.kidsworldnews.net February 2015, Page 14

Let’s Learn AboutYour Heart

Did you know that your heart is a muscle? It’s one of many youhave in your body. The heart though, is a special muscle that per-forms almost like a pump. Your heart is located in the middle ofyour chest and a little to the left. It’s about the size of a fist.The right side of your heart receives the blood from your body

and pumps it to your lungs. The left side receives the blood fromyour lungs and pumps it out to your body. How does this pumpwork? Before each heart beat, your heart fills with blood. Then ithas a muscle contraction (it squeezes) to shove the blood in theheart to its destination. The heart continually “beats” during yourlifetime. Doctors listen to the heart beat with a stethoscope.There are four different sections of your heart called chambers.

Two on the right side of your heart and two on the left side. Eachside has one at the top and one on the bottom. The two top cham-bers are called the atria (the singular form is atrium). The atriachambers on the right and left fill with blood returning to the heartfrom the body and lungs. Down through the middle of your heart isa thick wall of muscle called the septum which separates the leftside and the right side of the heart. Working together, the atria fillwith blood, dump it into the ventricles (the bottom chambers), theventricles contract (beats) and pumps the blood out of the heart.Then the atria fills back up with blood.Inside the heart are four valves. These valves let blood in and

then close. Two of the heart valves, called mitral and tricuspidvalves, let the blood flow from the atria to the ventricles. The othertwo are called aortic and pulmonary valves. They control the flowof blood as it leaves the heart. All these valves work to keep theblood flowing in the right direction. They open to let blood throughand then quickly close to keep it from flowing the wrong way.When the blood leaves your heart, it circulates. Circulation is themovement of blood through the heart and around the body. Howdoes it do that? It leaves the heart through tubes called blood ves-sels. These blood vessels are called arteries which carry the bloodaway from the heart and veins that carry the blood back to theheart.

What does this blood do? Blood keeps your body working cor-rectly. It carries oxygen and nutrients to all of the body’s cells. Theleft side of your heart sends the oxygen blood to all parts of yourbody. Your body takes the oxygen out of the blood and uses it inyour cells. Then the cells make carbon dioxide and other stuff thatgets carried away by the blood.The blood returning in the veins enters the right side of the heart

through the Vena Cava. The superior vena cava brings the bloodinto the heart from the chest, arms, neck and head. The inferiorvena cava collects the blood from the parts of the body locatedbelow the heart. The right ventricle pumps that blood into the lungsfor removal of the carbon dioxide. So when we breathe, we exhalethe carbon dioxide. When we inhale, we bring fresh oxygen intoour lungs and begin the blood process all over again returning theblood to the left side of the heart. It takes less than 60 seconds topump blood to every cell in your body!

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tions, and homes. This means a lot of their wildlife is being threat-ened. High at the top of the Monte Cristo mountain, there is a cloudforest in a national preserve. The governments of El Salvador, Hon-duras, and Guatemala are all working to protect this piece of na-ture.• Although there is no official religion, Catholicism is the most com-monly practiced religion. • Major agricultural exports include coffee, sugar, corn, rice, shrimp,and beef. • There is a lot of biodiversity in El Salvador! The ocelot is native tothe country, as well as the torogoz, which is the national bird. Manyorganizations are working to protect the forests and wildlife. • Their forests are growing! It is one of the only countries where re-forestation is taking place.

Republic OfEl Salvador

• El Salvador is the smallest country in Central America. It is onlyabout 8,100 square miles. It is the only Central American countrythat doesn’t have a coastline on the Caribbean Sea. El Salvadorborders the Pacific Ocean on the south, and the countries ofGuatemala to the west and Honduras to the north and east.• The capital of El Salvador is San Salvador. • The population is over 6 million people!• The currency of El Salvador is the U.S. dollar. El Salvador hasthe third-largest economy in South America and has been themost industrialized country in the region. • The government is a republic.• El Salvador has a tropical climate, with a dry and a wet season.Hurricanes can occur, but not very often. More common naturaldisasters in El Salvador are droughts and heavy rainfall. • El Salvador is known for it’s volcanoes! The country suffers fromfrequent earthquakes and volcanic activity. • The most commonly spoken and official language in El Salvadoris Spanish. • El Salvador gained independence from Spain in 1821 and againfrom the Central American Federation in 1939. September 15 istheir national holiday. • El Salvador is known for it’s beaches as well! Some of the beau-tiful beaches are home to international surfing competitions. • The El Salvador flag has two colors and a crest in the middle.The two colors are blue and white.• The most popular sport in El Salvador is soccer.• Many forests in El Salvador have been used for wood, planta-

An activevolcano inYzalco,

El Salvador

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