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esults: Subjects were 73 men and 61 women with an average age of7.8± 9.53 years. Themajority of patients hadmore than 2 cardiovascularisk factors.ypertension was classified as mild in 51%, moderate in 39% and severe in0% of the subjects. It was complicated by nephropathy in 15%, retinopa-hy in 23% and cerebrovascular events in 18%.s well as antihypertensive therapy, 63% of patients went on a low-saltiet, 46% had regular physical activity, and 47% stopped smoking. After 3onths of treatment and depending on the level of hypertension, 58% of

he treated patients were well versus 42% who were not.onclusion: Hypertension treatment is well established under variousuidelines, however the lifestyle change is very important and therescription of antihypertensive drugs is essential if more patients under-oing treatment are to get well.

oi:10.1016/j.jomh.2011.08.075

Abstract ID: #0100

opic: Non-Urology/Lifestyle Issues (smoking, alcohol, drug abuse, mennd their weight, sport injury, the violent man)

ICKING THE HABIT; A BIOPSYCHOSOCIAL ACCOUNT OFNGAGINGMEN RECOVERING FROMDRUGMISUSE IN REGULARECREATIONAL FOOTBALL

. Dunn ∗, B. Drust, D. Flower, D. Richardson

John Moores University, Liverpool, United Kingdom

ackground: Latest findings reveal that 7.3% of men (aged 16–59 years) inhe UK currently use illegal drugs (Hoare & Moon, 2010). Drug misusean have severe adverse health and social consequences (WHO, 2004).articipation in regular physical activity can aid recovery from substanceisuse (Terry-McElrath et al, 2011). This study explored the biological,sychological and social effects of engaging men recovering from drugisuse in regular physical activity through a Football in the Communityrogramme at an English Premier League Football Club.aterials & Methods: 9 men (mean± SD: age 34± 10 years, height.75± 0.16m, mass 78.0± 16.5kg) recovering from drug misuse engagedn a 12 week programme consisting of 4hours of football traininger week. Indices of health and fitness (body composition, blood pres-ure, resting heart rate and intermittent endurance) and psychologicalellbeing were measured pre and post intervention. A practitioner-cum-esearcher role was adopted to include immersion in the planning andelivery of the programme. Social issues were discussed with participantshrough informal client–researcher interactions and data were collatedhrough field notes, observations and personal reflections.esults: Intermittent endurance performance increased 117% from220± 114m to 2650± 1004m. Total body mass, fat mass and % fatecreased from 78.0± 16.5kg; 16.3± 6.6kg; 21.5± 5.1% to 74.9± 15.2kg;3.1± 6.6 kg and 17.8± 5.2%, respectively, while lean muscle mass alsoncreased (48.5± 23.4 kg to 55.6± 10.7kg). No real changes were observedn bone mineral density, blood pressure or resting heart rate. Positivehanges were recorded and observed in participants’ self-efficacy andttitude toward their health. Participants expressed that the programmerovided structure to their otherwise chaotic lives. Positive developmentsn social capital were also evidenced within the programme as the partic-pants appeared to develop aspects of social bonding.onclusion: Participation in regular recreational football can consider-bly improve the overall health, fitness and psychological wellbeing of

en recovering from drug misuse. Furthermore, this research highlightsnderlying benefits of regular physical activity for this population suchs its importance in the development of structure and social capital.

oi:10.1016/j.jomh.2011.08.076

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ISMH Congress 2011 Abstracts

Abstract ID: #0094IFESTYLE AND NUTRITION PECULIARITIES AS RISK FACTORSOR PRECANCEROUS SKIN LESIONS AND PREMATURE SKIN AGE-NG IN LATVIAN CITIZENS

. Janovska1,∗, J. Voicehovska2

Latvian University, Riga, Latvia, 2 Riga Stradins University, LV1010, Latvia

ackground: There are many risk factors for developing skin malignancynd premature skin ageing, such as ultraviolet radiation (UV), smoking,nd a lot of other harmful factors, which can damage the skin estheticallys well as functionally.ur aim was to analyze the main risk factors for the development ofrecancerous skin lesions, to identify factors which impact on prematurekin ageing in young adult Latvian citizens, aged from 16–40 years, bynvestigating their life habits and attitudes towards tanning facilities andhealthy lifestyle.aterials & Methods: This prospective randomized study took place at alinic of esthetic dermatology in Riga, Latvia. In total 35 patients in the6–40 year age group were included. We interweaved and objectivelynspected this group of patients. Inspection included such componentss: state of skin; patient’s phototype by Fitzpatrick scale; intensity of skinigmentation; existence of telangiectasia on facial skin and its intensity.eborrheic keratosis and skin dryness level were also obtained. We ana-yzed any interconnections between risk factors and skin precancerousesions on the body, such as actinic keratosis. All data were analyzed usingxcel and SPSS 16.0 for Windows.esults: The main risk factors in this group of young adults were: smoking,5.7%; past history of sunburn, 54.3%; and use of indoor tanning facilities,5.7%. We found that 22. 9% of patients did not use any kind of sunscreen.n terms of education level, 51.4% of participants had attended higherducation, and 31% had a secondary level education. Therefore, level ofducation impacts on tanning facilities inmen, as well as smoking, whichs an inseparable part of the tanning habit for women. In conclusion, theain risk factors for premature skin ageing and developing skin can-er are: age (P<0.001), use of indoor tanning facilities (P= 0.002), chronicisease (P= 0,010).onclusion: Most of the alterations found on photo-aged skin were pre-iously considered to be caused by UV wavelengths. Seborreic keratosisncreases beyond solarium visiting, as well as lentigo type pigmentation;nd the hands and back are impacted in particular.

oi:10.1016/j.jomh.2011.08.077

Abstract ID: #0068COMMUNITY SURVEY OF YOUNG ADULTS USING RECRE-

TIONAL KETAMINE

.K. Mak1,∗, K.H.S. Yip1, C.Y. Man2

Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China, 2 North District Hospital,ong Kong, China

ackground: A multidisciplinary outreach volunteer clinic was set up inommunity centers to assess the physical, psychological and urologicaltatus of teenagers with a history of ketamine abuse.aterials & Methods: 66 teenagers, aged 13–25 years, were recruited andssessed in 6 clinic sessions from July–September 2009. Urological assess-ent included self-completion questionnaires on pelvic-pain, urgencynd frequency (PUF), uro-flowmetry, post-void bladder scan and kidneyltrasonography. Physical fitness and cognitive function were assessedy physiotherapists. Mood and anxiety disorders were assessed using theeck Anxiety Inventory (BAI) and the Beck Depression Inventory (BDI),oth self-completion questionnaires. The amount of ketamine usage wasstimated from the weight of table salt using an electronic balance. Theetamine dose perweekwas calculated as theweight of table salt in gramsultiplied by the frequency of ketamine usage per week.esults: 24% of the subjects were female. First drug abuse was as early

s age 10 and 77% reported recreation as the main reason for drugbuse. The commonest drug being abused was ketamine (>97%) followedy nimetazepam (51%), cocaine (45.7%) and cannabis (39.4%). Ketaminebuse for more than 24 months was observed to have a higher PUFymptom score (6.16 vs 3.92; P= 0.043) and bother score (2.68 vs 1.42;

jmh Vol. 8, No. 3, pp. 208–245, 2011 233