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EE 5
230
- Gen
erat
or C
ontr
olW
ed O
ct 2
7, 2
004
•Ke
y R
efer
ence
s (u
sefu
l in
getti
ng u
p to
spe
ed):
•El
ectri
c M
achi
ne F
unda
men
tals
, 2nd
Ed.
, S.J
. Cha
pman
, McG
raw
-Hill,
©19
91, s
ectio
n8-
9: P
aral
lel O
pera
tion
of A
C G
ener
ator
s.•
Pow
er S
yste
m A
naly
sis,
C.A
. Gro
ss, 2
nd E
d., W
iley,
©19
86, s
ectio
ns 1
2.3,
12.
4, 1
2.5.
•
Pow
er S
yste
m A
naly
sis,
J.J
. Gra
inge
r, W
.D. S
teve
nson
, McG
raw
-Hill,
©19
94, s
ectio
n13
.6: A
utom
atic
Gen
erat
ion
Con
trol.
•Po
wer
Sys
tem
Sta
bilit
y an
d C
ontro
l, P.
Kun
dur,
McG
raw
-Hill,
©19
94, C
h.8:
Exc
itatio
nSy
stem
s; s
ectio
ns 9
.1 a
nd 9
.2: G
over
ning
Sys
tem
s.
•D
ynam
ic S
imul
atio
n of
Ele
ctric
Mac
hine
ry, C
.M. O
ng, P
rent
ice
Hal
l, ©
1998
.
Dro
op C
hara
cter
istic
(sta
ble
char
acte
ristic
to c
ontro
l PSC
HED
and
freq
).•
Neg
ativ
e sl
ope,
typi
cally
abo
ut 5
% o
n m
achi
ne b
ase.
•Se
t poi
nt is
no-
load
freq
uenc
y (P
SCH
ED in
ters
ects
at 6
0 H
z).
•O
pen
loop
erro
r giv
es in
sigh
ts in
to b
efor
e, a
fter,
trans
ition
.AG
C (A
utom
atic
Gen
erat
or C
ontro
l)se
e Fi
g.13
.8 o
f Gra
inge
r/Ste
v.•
Prim
arily
con
trols
P a
nd fr
eq (Q
als
o im
porta
nt, 2
003
Blac
kout
)•
Sche
dule
d G
ener
atio
n, S
CE,
AC
E.
•C
ombi
ned
droo
p ch
arac
teris
tic fo
r Are
a, F
requ
ency
bia
s B f
•
Area
-to-a
rea
flow
s.
•Sc
hedu
led
line
flow
s - o
pera
ted
by R
TOs
toda
y.