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Key Literary Key Literary TermsTerms
alliterationalliterationRepetition of initial consonant Repetition of initial consonant
sounds in neighboring words.sounds in neighboring words.Ex: In clichés: sweet smell of Ex: In clichés: sweet smell of
success, a dime a dozensuccess, a dime a dozen
Can you name the song and identify Can you name the song and identify the lines with alliteration?the lines with alliteration?
allusionallusion A brief reference to a person, event, A brief reference to a person, event,
or place, real or fictitious, or to a or place, real or fictitious, or to a work of art. Also, reference to a work of art. Also, reference to a famous historical or literary figure or famous historical or literary figure or event.event.
Can you name the song and identify Can you name the song and identify the allusion? Hint: Forrest Gumpthe allusion? Hint: Forrest Gump
characterizationcharacterizationHow a writer develops characters. How a writer develops characters.
Includes: (1) showing appearance, Includes: (1) showing appearance, (2) displaying actions, (3) revealing (2) displaying actions, (3) revealing thoughts, (4) speech, & (5) the thoughts, (4) speech, & (5) the reactions of others.reactions of others.
How does the narrator in this song How does the narrator in this song characterize his subject?characterize his subject?
conflictconflictThe struggle between two forces:The struggle between two forces:Character vs. CharacterCharacter vs. Character
Character vs. SelfCharacter vs. Self Character vs. SocietyCharacter vs. Society
Character vs. Nature/SupernaturalCharacter vs. Nature/Supernatural
Character vs. SocietyCharacter vs. Society
What is the conflict in this song?
euphemismeuphemism
Substitution of an agreeable or at least Substitution of an agreeable or at least non-offensive expression for one whose non-offensive expression for one whose plainer meaning might be harsh or plainer meaning might be harsh or unpleasant.unpleasant.
Ex: Sanitation engineer Ex: Sanitation engineer
Pre-owned vehiclesPre-owned vehicles
Protein SpillProtein Spill
Area Denial MunitionsArea Denial Munitions
figurative languagefigurative language
Speech or writing that departs Speech or writing that departs from literal meaning in order from literal meaning in order to achieve a special effect or to achieve a special effect or meaning; speech or writing meaning; speech or writing employing figures of speech.employing figures of speech.
Ex: hyperbole, metaphor, Ex: hyperbole, metaphor, simile, personificationsimile, personification
foreshadowingforeshadowing
The use of hints or clues to The use of hints or clues to suggest what will happen later suggest what will happen later in literature.in literature.
genregenre
A category of artistic, musical, or A category of artistic, musical, or literary composition characterized literary composition characterized by a particular style, form, or by a particular style, form, or content.content.
Ex: Rock, rap, hip-hop, country, Ex: Rock, rap, hip-hop, country, etc.etc.
hyperbolehyperbole
Exaggeration. The opposite of Exaggeration. The opposite of hyperbole is understatement. hyperbole is understatement.
imageryimagery
Language that appeals to the senses. Language that appeals to the senses. Six basic kinds of imagery: visual Six basic kinds of imagery: visual (sight), auditory (sound), olfactory (sight), auditory (sound), olfactory (smell), gustatory (taste), tactile (smell), gustatory (taste), tactile (touch), & kinesthetic (movement).(touch), & kinesthetic (movement).
ironyirony
Situational: when the results of Situational: when the results of a situation are the opposite of a situation are the opposite of what was expectedwhat was expected
Ex: A firehouse burnsHow is this song ironic?
ironyirony
Verbal : Where the meaning is Verbal : Where the meaning is intended to be the exact opposite intended to be the exact opposite of what the words actually mean.of what the words actually mean.
ironyirony
Dramatic: a discrepancy Dramatic: a discrepancy between what the character between what the character knows and what the reader knows and what the reader knows to be true; the reader knows to be true; the reader knows something the knows something the character does not know.character does not know.
metaphormetaphorA comparison of two generally unlike A comparison of two generally unlike
things meant to illuminate truth. things meant to illuminate truth. Direct metaphors use "is" to make Direct metaphors use "is" to make the comparison explicit. Implied the comparison explicit. Implied metaphors suggest the comparison.metaphors suggest the comparison.
Can you name this song and identify Can you name this song and identify the lines with metaphors?the lines with metaphors?
onomatopoeiaonomatopoeia
Sounds are spelled out as Sounds are spelled out as words; or, when words words; or, when words describing sounds actually describing sounds actually sound like the sounds they sound like the sounds they describe.describe.
oxymoronoxymoron
A contradiction in terms.A contradiction in terms.
Ex: Jumbo shrimp, pretty uglyEx: Jumbo shrimp, pretty ugly
paradoxparadox
an assertion seemingly opposed to an assertion seemingly opposed to common sense, since the common sense, since the elements of it cancel each other elements of it cancel each other out, but has truth in it.out, but has truth in it.
personificationpersonification
A kind of metaphor in which A kind of metaphor in which human characteristics are human characteristics are given to a creature, an idea, or given to a creature, an idea, or an object.an object.
Ex: The sun smiled down; it was Ex: The sun smiled down; it was a beautiful day.a beautiful day.
point of viewpoint of viewThe identity of the narrative The identity of the narrative
voice; the person or entity voice; the person or entity through whom the reader through whom the reader experiences the story. May be experiences the story. May be third-person (no narrator; third-person (no narrator; omniscient or limited) or first-omniscient or limited) or first-person (narrated by a character person (narrated by a character in the story). in the story).
settingsettingTime & place where a story occurs. Time & place where a story occurs.
What’s the setting of this slide?What’s the setting of this slide?
similesimile
An indirect relationship where one An indirect relationship where one thing or idea is expressed as being thing or idea is expressed as being similar to another. Similes contain similar to another. Similes contain the words “like” or “as.”the words “like” or “as.”
““Life is like a box of chocolates. Life is like a box of chocolates. You never know what you’reYou never know what you’re gonna get.”gonna get.”
sound devicessound devices
Sound devices (or musical Sound devices (or musical devices) are the various ways a devices) are the various ways a poet uses the sound of words in poet uses the sound of words in his or her poetry to make the his or her poetry to make the poem have a musical quality. poem have a musical quality. Examples: repetition, Examples: repetition, alliteration, rhyme, rhythm, alliteration, rhyme, rhythm, assonance, onomatopoeia.assonance, onomatopoeia.
Symbol/symbolismSymbol/symbolism
A symbol is a person, A symbol is a person, place, thing or idea that place, thing or idea that stands for something else. stands for something else.
tonetone
The writer's attitude toward his The writer's attitude toward his readers and his subject; his mood readers and his subject; his mood or moral view. A writer can be or moral view. A writer can be formal, informal, playful, ironic, formal, informal, playful, ironic, and especially, optimistic or and especially, optimistic or pessimistic. What is the tone of pessimistic. What is the tone of this song?this song?
tragedytragedy
A story that ends with a negative A story that ends with a negative or unfortunate outcome which or unfortunate outcome which was essentially avoidable, was essentially avoidable, usually caused by a flaw in the usually caused by a flaw in the central character’s personality. central character’s personality.
How is this song tragic?How is this song tragic?
tragic flawtragic flaw
The single characteristic (usually The single characteristic (usually negative) or personality disorder negative) or personality disorder which causes the downfall of the which causes the downfall of the protagonist.protagonist.
Hubris: Excessive pride or self-Hubris: Excessive pride or self-confidence.confidence.
tragic herotragic heroA protagonist who comes to a bad A protagonist who comes to a bad
end as a result of his own behavior, end as a result of his own behavior, usually cased by a specific usually cased by a specific personality disorder or character personality disorder or character flawflaw
Ex: Caesar, Antigone, OedipusEx: Caesar, Antigone, Oedipus
WORKS CITEDWORKS CITEDBraiman, Jay. “Literary Devices.” Braiman, Jay. “Literary Devices.” Mr. Braiman’s English OnlineMr. Braiman’s English Online. .
30 July 2007 <http://mrbraiman.home.att.net/lit.htm>30 July 2007 <http://mrbraiman.home.att.net/lit.htm>Cremona, Joey. “The History of the Janus Masks.” Cremona, Joey. “The History of the Janus Masks.” The Comedy The Comedy
Tragedy Mask PageTragedy Mask Page. Oct. 2006. 30 July 2007 . Oct. 2006. 30 July 2007 <http://www.angelfire.com/art/masks/maskhistory.html>.<http://www.angelfire.com/art/masks/maskhistory.html>.
Fry, Michelle.”Fry, Michelle.”Glossary of Literary Terms By Michelle Glossary of Literary Terms By Michelle Fry.” Fry.” Counter Attack.Counter Attack. 30 July 2007 30 July 2007 <http://www.sassoonery.demon.co.uk/litterms.htm><http://www.sassoonery.demon.co.uk/litterms.htm>
Harris, Robert. “A Glossary of Literary Terms.” Harris, Robert. “A Glossary of Literary Terms.” Virtual Salt.Virtual Salt. 4 Jan. 4 Jan. 2004. 30 July 2007 <http://www.virtualsalt.com/litterms.htm>.2004. 30 July 2007 <http://www.virtualsalt.com/litterms.htm>.
Hogue, Dawn. “Literary Terms to Know.” Hogue, Dawn. “Literary Terms to Know.” Cyber English 9Cyber English 9. 23 Aug. . 23 Aug. 2006. 30 July 2007 2006. 30 July 2007 <http://www.sheboyganfalls.k12.wi.us/cyberenglish9/Gen_Info/li<http://www.sheboyganfalls.k12.wi.us/cyberenglish9/Gen_Info/literary%20terms.htm>terary%20terms.htm>
WORKS CITEDWORKS CITED
Scaife, Ross. “A Glossary of Rhetorical Terms with Examples.” Department of Modern & Classical Languages, Literatures, & Cultures. 22 Dec. 2004. University of Kentucky. 31 July 2007 <http://www.uky.edu/AS/Classics/rhetoric.html#19>.