Name: ___________________________________________Date: _____________ Hour: ________

Cancer ProjectSummative Assessment, Unit 1

Name: ___________________________________________Date: _____________ Hour: ________

Directions:1. Complete the page(s) – answer questions/follow directions – for each checkpoint to earn the points for

that checkpoint.2. Make sure that you turn in each checkpoint on time.3. Use the rubric on each page to check yourself as you complete the checkpoint.

Goal:Design a solution to a complex real-world problem by breaking it down into smaller, more manageable problems that can be solved through engineering.

Complex Real-World Problem: Cancer

Key facts from the WHO Cancer Webpage:

● Cancers figure among the leading causes of morbidity and mortality worldwide, with approximately 14 million new cases and 8.2 million cancer related deaths in 2012.

● The number of new cases is expected to rise by about 70% over the next 2 decades.● Among men, the 5 most common sites of cancer diagnosed in 2012 were lung, prostate, colorectum,

stomach, and liver cancer.● Among women the 5 most common sites diagnosed were breast, colorectum, lung, cervix, and

stomach cancer.● Around one third of cancer deaths are due to the 5 leading behavioural and dietary risks: high body

mass index, low fruit and vegetable intake, lack of physical activity, tobacco use, alcohol use.● Tobacco use is the most important risk factor for cancer causing around 20% of global cancer deaths

and around 70% of global lung cancer deaths.● Cancer causing viral infections such as HBV/HCV and HPV are responsible for up to 20% of cancer

deaths in low- and middle-income countries.● More than 60% of world’s total new annual cases occur in Africa, Asia and Central and South

America. These regions account for 70% of the world’s cancer deaths.● It is expected that annual cancer cases will rise from 14 million in 2012 to 22 within the next 2

decades.Cancers to Choose From: See Attached list from cancer.gov

Your Job:1. Choose a type of cancer to study.2. Research your cancer to determine:

a. What happens in the body to allow the cancer that you chose to form.b. What environmental factors may cause the cancer that you chose to begin to form or impact

its growth.c. Whether the cancer that you chose can be inherited, if so explain how it is transmitted, and

how this causes the cancer to be more likely to form.d. What the cancer does to the body as it grows.e. How this particular cancer is treated currently, and how is this treatment different from the

way that other cancers are treated?3. Use your research and what we learn in class to develop an idea for engineering a potentially less

damaging, more effective cancer treatment for the cancer of your choice.4. Create a presentation for a science fair type of display (tri-fold poster) incorporating research about

your chosen cancer topic.5. Present your project to a room of students in a science fair format – we will circulate and ask questions

and you will have to tell us about your cancer topic and your treatment design.

Name: ___________________________________________Date: _____________ Hour: ________

In order to do your job properly:1. We are going to ask you to meet certain checkpoints to help you figure out what is going on along the

way.a. Each checkpoint will be counted for points as determined by your teacher.b. Each checkpoint will help you to meet some of the above requirements for the presentation and

learn more about your cancer at the molecular and cellular level.c. A list of checkpoints and due dates will be listed.d. You will be provided with a packet to help you meet the checkpoints.

2. You will be provided with a rubric for grading each checkpoint and the overall project.3. You will be provided with internet resources to access for research.

Final Due Date:

Presentation Dates:

Works Cited

“Cancer.” WHO. N.p., Feb. 2015. Web. 20 Aug. 2015.

“Cancer Types.” National Cancer Institute. N.p., n.d. Web. 25 Sept. 2015.

Name: ___________________________________________Date: _____________ Hour: ________

Cancer Project Checkpoints and Due Dates

Checkpoint Date Due Goal of Checkpoint

1 ● The student has chosen a specific type of cancer to research that no one else is researching.

2 ● The student can describe methods currently used to treat cancer.

3 ● The student can describe methods currently used to treat the cancer that they chose.

4● The student has a written explanation for how cancer begins in the body.● This explanation includes: The events of the cell cycle, the purpose of each

checkpoint, and the potential impact of replication errors on the cell cycle.

5

● The student can describe potential specific environmental hazards that can lead to cancer.

● The student has highlighted specific environmental hazards that can lead to the cancer that they have chosen and the genetic impact they have.

6

● The student has a written explanation for how cancers, or the tendency to get cancer, can be inherited (i.e., the genetic basis, such as a mutation in a key regulatory gene).

● The student also indicates in their explanation whether there is a risk of inheriting the cancer, or the tendency to get the cancer, that they have chosen.

7● The student has a written explanation for how inheriting a tendency to get cancer

can make cancer more likely to form (explain this on the molecular level of genes and checkpoints -- e.g., oncogenes and tumor suppressor genes).

8● The student has a written explanation for what the cancer they chose to study

does to a person’s body as it grows (symptoms), whether the cancer is likely to metastasize or not, and what metastasis of the cancer will do to the body.

9● The student has a written description of a new method for treating the cancer that

they chose to study that is potentially more effective and less damaging to the cells/body of an individual receiving the treatment.

10 ● The student has created a properly formatted works cited page and has examples of in-text (parenthetical) citations in APA format.

11 ● The student has written and answered 5 questions to ask peers during the presentation session.

12● The student has put the above information into a tri-fold poster for presentation

that contains visual aids to illustrate important points during the presentation of the material to the audience.

Name: ___________________________________________Date: _____________ Hour: ________

Rubric for Cancer Project Grading

Criteria 0pt 2pts 4pts

Type of Cancer The student didn’t choose a cancer to research.

The student picked a group of cancers to study/didn’t clearly indicate which cancer he/she was studying.

The student clearly picked a single type of cancer to study.

Methods used to currently treat cancer Wasn’t addressed

Listed several methods used but didn’t not describe what the methods actually did

Listed several methods, explained why they were used, and what they did to the cancer and to the health of the person who would be using the methods

Methods used to treat your cancer specifically Wasn’t addressed

Listed several methods used but didn’t not describe what the methods actually did

Listed several methods, explained why they were used, and what they did to the cancer and to the health of the person who would be using the methods

How does cancer start in the body? Not addressed

The written explanation includes some of the underlined information in the 2pt column, but not all of it.

This explanation clearly includes: The events of the cell cycle, the purpose of each checkpoint, and the potential impact of replication errors on the cell cycle, and a discussion concerning how changing genes can induce cancer in a cell.

List of Environmental Hazards that can Lead to

CancerNot Addressed

The student has described environmental hazards that can lead to cancer, but does not specify which lead to their cancer; or provides no explanation of either

The student has highlighted the specific environmental hazards that can lead to the cancer that they have chosen and the student explains how these environmental hazards impact the checkpoints or genes that control the cell cycle.

Inheriting Cancer Not Addressed The student has a written explanation for how cancers, or the tendency to get cancer, can be inherited, but does not

The student has a written explanation for how cancers, or the tendency to get cancer, can be inherited, and also

Name: ___________________________________________Date: _____________ Hour: ________

apply the information to the cancer that they have chosen to research.

indicates in their explanation what the risk of inheriting the cancer of choice/risk of inheriting an increased chance of getting the chosen cancer is.

Student includes the gene suspected to be influencing the tendency to get their chosen cancer, and its inheritance pattern.

Inheriting Cancer & The Cell Cycle Not Addressed

The student has a written explanation for how inheriting a tendency to get cancer can make cancer more likely to form in general terms.

The student has a written explanation for how inheriting a tendency to get cancer can make cancer more likely to form (explain this on the molecular level of genes and checkpoints).

The explanation includes a discussion of any malformed/missing proteins that may impact the checkpoints, and the genes associated with those proteins.

What does cancer do to a body? Not addressed

Lists symptoms of the chosen cancer without explanation for how those symptoms might arise.

Lists symptoms of the chosen cancer and indicates how the cancer physically changed the body and caused those symptoms to occur (describes at least 2 symptoms).

Metastasis Not addressed

Indicates that metastasis could happen, but does not provide detail of what it is or how the body will be affected.

Indicates the likelihood of metastasis of this cancer, and what will happen to the cancer and the body in the event of metastasis, including the most likely organs to be affected by this event.

New methods for treating a cancer

Not addressed Indicates that there are new treatments and may

Describes a treatment regimen that includes new

Name: ___________________________________________Date: _____________ Hour: ________

describe them in general terms (ex: there is a new chemotherapy), but does not indicate precisely what the new treatments are or do to the body/cancer.

Says that the cancer is reduced and the body is not harmed as much by the new treatment (in that general form).

treatments (clinical studies) that would help a person for whom traditional treatments aren’t working.

The student explains how the new treatment regimen will ensure the continued health of the patient during and after treatment.

CitationsThere are no works cited or examples of in-text (parenthetical) citations.

There are either parenthetical citations within the presentation or a works cited page (APA format).

If both are present, there are substantial mistakes in formatting on the works cited page or there are many missing parenthetical citations.

There are properly used parenthetical citations and a properly formatted works cited page (APA format). All necessary material (including paraphrased material) is cited properly.

Presentation:Questions for Presenters

Did not create questions to ask presenters.

Has 5 questions, but they are simple to answer/or are supposed to be listed on the board, or are not appropriate to the project.

Has 5 questions to ask presenters, appropriate to the project, and require more than few words to answer (i.e., not “yes/no” answers)

Presentation:Answering Questions from

AudienceCannot answer questions at all.

Can readily and accurately answer some questions addressed to them.

Can readily and accurately answer all questions addressed to them.

Presentation:Tri-Fold Poster

Did not create the poster for presentation.

The poster is ½ complete, or has incomplete components.

Completely created the poster for presentation; demonstrated time and effort.

Poster Meets All Criteria Does not contain any of the required criteria.

Missing one or more of the listed criteria, Contains all listed criteria,

Total: ___________ /60 Comments:

Name: ___________________________________________Date: _____________ Hour: ________

Checkpoint 1: Pick a Specific Cancer Topic

Due Date: ____________________________

Criteria 0pt 2pts 4pts

Type of CancerThe student didn’t choose a cancer to

research.

The student picked a group of cancers to study/didn’t

clearly indicate which cancer he/she was studying.

The student clearly picked a single type of cancer to study.

First Choice: 1. Cancer topic: ___________________________________

2. Body system/organ/tissue affected: ______________________________

3. 3 interesting facts about this cancer/why I would want to research it:

a.

b.

c.

Second Choice: 1. Cancer topic: ___________________________________

2. Body system/organ/tissue affected: ______________________________

3. 3 interesting facts about this cancer/why I would want to research it:

a.

b.

c.

Third Choice:1. Cancer topic: ___________________________________

2. Body system/organ/tissue affected: ______________________________

3. 3 interesting facts about this cancer/why I would want to research it:

a.

b.

c.

Works Cited:

Name: ___________________________________________Date: _____________ Hour: ________

Checkpoint 2: Methods Used to Currently Treat Cancer in General

Due Date: ____________________________

Criteria 0pt 2pts 4pts

Methods used to currently treat

cancer in generalWasn’t addressed

Listed several methods used but didn’t not describe what the

methods actually did

Listed several methods, explained why they were used, and what they

did to the cancer and to the health of the person who would be using the

methods

1. List 5 methods used to currently treat cancer in general:

2. Describe each of the 5 treatments:

Treatment Effect on cancer Effect on health of patient

Works Cited:

Checkpoint 3: Methods Used to Currently Treat Your Cancer Specifically

Name: ___________________________________________Date: _____________ Hour: ________

Due Date: ____________________________

Criteria 0pt 2pts 4pts

Methods used to treat your cancer

specificallyWasn’t addressed

Listed several methods used but didn’t not describe what the methods actually did

Listed several methods, explained why they were used, and what they did to the cancer and to the health of the person who would be using the methods

1. List 3-5 different methods used to currently treat your specific cancer:

2. Describe each of your 3-5 treatments:

Treatment Effect on cancer Effect on health of patient

Works Cited:

Checkpoint 4: How Cancer Starts in the Body

Due Date: ____________________________

Criteria 0pt 2pts 4pts

How does Not addressed The written explanation This explanation clearly includes: The events

Name: ___________________________________________Date: _____________ Hour: ________

cancer start in the body?

includes some of the underlined information in the 2pt column, but not all of it.

of the cell cycle, the purpose of each checkpoint, and the potential impact of replication errors on the cell cycle, and a discussion concerning how changing genes can induce cancer in a cell.

1. Draw a cell cycle diagram below. Label the G1, S, G2, and M phases.

2. On the cell cycle diagram above, include the three major checkpoints at the appropriate places. Describe the purpose of each checkpoint:

3. What is a potential impact of replication errors on the cell cycle? Explain.

4. How can changing genes (especially tumor suppressor genes and oncogenes) cause cancer in a cell?

Works Cited:

Checkpoint 5: Environmental Hazards that Can Lead to Cancer

Due Date: ____________________________

Criteria 0pt 2pts 4pts

List of Not Addressed The student has described The student has highlighted the specific

Name: ___________________________________________Date: _____________ Hour: ________

Environmental Hazards that can Lead to

Cancer

environmental hazards that can lead to cancer, but does not specify which lead to their cancer; or provides no explanation of either

environmental hazards that can lead to the cancer that they have chosen and the student explains how these environmental hazards impact the checkpoints or genes that control the cell cycle.

1. What are some environmental hazards that can cause cancer IN GENERAL? (Think of examples of carcinogens, mutagens, or alkylating agents.)

2. Explain how these environmental hazards impact the checkpoints or genes that control the cell cycle. List the environmental hazard and then check the appropriate effect on the genes. You must complete all 5.

Environmental Hazard Type of impact on tumor suppressor gene

Type of impact on oncogene

❏ Increases function❏ Decreases function❏ No impact

❏ Increases function❏ Decreases function❏ No impact

❏ Increases function❏ Decreases function❏ No impact

❏ Increases function❏ Decreases function❏ No impact

❏ Increases function❏ Decreases function❏ No impact

❏ Increases function❏ Decreases function❏ No impact

❏ Increases function❏ Decreases function❏ No impact

❏ Increases function❏ Decreases function❏ No impact

❏ Increases function❏ Decreases function❏ No impact

❏ Increases function❏ Decreases function❏ No impact

If after researching questions 3 and 4 you have not found any environmental hazards linked to your cancer, pick one of the following cancers to complete the checkpoint - mesothelioma, skin cancer, leukemia, lung cancer.**If there are no environmental factors that cause your cancer, then make sure you indicate that on your poster board**

3. What are some environmental hazards that can cause YOUR SPECIFIC cancer?

Name: ___________________________________________Date: _____________ Hour: ________

4. Explain how these environmental hazards can lead to the development of your cancer (be specific for any known genes related to your cancer).

Works Cited:

Checkpoint 6: Inheriting Cancer

Due Date: ____________________________

Criteria 0pt 2pts 4pts

Name: ___________________________________________Date: _____________ Hour: ________

Inheriting Cancer Not Addressed

The student has a written explanation for how cancers, or the tendency to get cancer, can be inherited, but does not apply the information to the cancer that they have chosen to research.

The student has a written explanation for how cancers, or the tendency to get cancer, can be inherited, and also indicates in their explanation what the risk of inheriting the cancer of choice/risk of inheriting an increased chance of getting the chosen cancer is.

Student includes the gene suspected to be influencing the tendency to get their chosen cancer, and its inheritance pattern.

1. What are genes?

2. How are traits passed down from parents to their offspring?

3. If an immediate family member has a specific type of cancer, why could that possibly increase your risk of also getting that cancer in your lifetime?

4. How can cancer be inherited? Describe the genetic basis, i.e., a mutation in a key regulatory gene.

5. What, if any, gene is involved in inheriting your specific cancer? What is its inheritance pattern? (i.e., autosomal recessive, sex-linked, etc.) If your cancer is not inherited, be sure to include that on your board. If you cancer is not inherited use either Hereditary nonpolyposis colorectal cancer (HNPCC) or Hereditary Breast cancer to answer the question.

6. Answer ONE of the following questions based off of your specific cancer. If you can’t answer either use HNPCC or Hereditary Breast Cancer to answer it.

a. What is the likelihood of developing your cancer based off of a genetic mutation?

b. What percentage of people have the genetic mutation from question 5 that also have your cancer?

Works Cited:

Checkpoint 7: Inheriting Cancer & The Cell Cycle

Due Date: ____________________________

Criteria 0pt 2pts 4pts

Name: ___________________________________________Date: _____________ Hour: ________

Inheriting Cancer & The Cell

Cycle

Not Addressed

The student has a written explanation for how inheriting a tendency to get cancer can make cancer more likely to form in general terms.

The student has a written explanation for how inheriting a tendency to get cancer can make cancer more likely to form (explain this on the molecular level of genes and checkpoints).

The explanation includes a discussion of any malformed/missing proteins that may impact the checkpoints, and the genes associated with those proteins.

1. How are genes and proteins related?

2. Discuss the role of p53 as a tumor suppressor gene.

3. What does the p53 protein do? Describe some of its jobs related to the cell cycle.

4. If someone inherits a mutated tumor suppressor gene or oncogene, how does this impact the proteins that regulate the cell cycle?

5. In your own words, describe why someone who inherits a “cancer gene” is more likely to get cancer sometime during his/her lifetime.

Works Cited:

Checkpoint 8: What Cancer Does to a Body & Metastasis

Due Date: ____________________________

Criteria 0pt 2pts 4pts

Name: ___________________________________________Date: _____________ Hour: ________

What does cancer do to a body?

Not addressed

Lists symptoms of the chosen cancer without explanation for how those symptoms might arise.

Lists symptoms of the chosen cancer and indicates how the cancer physically changed the body and caused those symptoms to occur (describes at least 2 symptoms).

Metastasis Not addressed

Indicates that metastasis could happen, but does not provide detail of what it is or how the body will be affected.

Indicates the likelihood of metastasis of this cancer, and what will happen to the cancer and the body in the event of metastasis, including the most likely organs to be affected by this event.

1. List the symptoms associated with your chosen cancer.

2. Describe at the cellular/tissue/organ level what is physically causing those symptoms to occur (explain 2 different symptoms).

3. What is metastasis?

4. What is the likelihood that your cancer will metastasize?

5. Which organs would likely be affected by metastasis? Explain.

Works Cited:

Checkpoint 9: New Methods for Treating Cancer

Due Date: ____________________________

Name: ___________________________________________Date: _____________ Hour: ________

Criteria 0pt 2pts 4pts

New methods for treating a

cancer

Not addressed

Indicates that there are new treatments and may describe them in general terms (ex: there is a new chemotherapy), but does not indicate precisely what the new treatments are or do to the body/cancer.

Says that the cancer is reduced and the body is not harmed as much by the new treatment (in that general form).

Describes a treatment regimen that includes new treatments (clinical studies) that would help a person for whom traditional treatments aren’t working.

The student explains how the new treatment regimen will ensure the continued health of the patient during and after treatment.

1. In addition to the traditional cancer treatments performed, briefly describe any new treatments on the market or that are in the various phases of clinical testing.

2. How do these treatments specifically target your chosen cancer while reducing impact on the body?

3. Design a new treatment regimen that would help a person from whom traditional treatments are not working. Describe in detail how the treatment would work.

Works Cited:

Checkpoint 10: Citations

Due Date: ____________________________

Name: ___________________________________________Date: _____________ Hour: ________

Criteria 0pt 2pts 4pts

Citations

There are no works cited or examples of in-text (parenthetical) citations.

There are either parenthetical citations within the presentation or a works cited page (APA format).

If both are present, there are substantial mistakes in formatting on the works cited page or there are many missing parenthetical citations.

There are properly used parenthetical citations and a properly formatted works cited page (APA format). All necessary material (including paraphrased material) is cited properly.

In English class, you must provide in-text (parenthetical) citations as well as a Works Cited reference for each source that you used. You must do the same for this project--in APA format. 1. Use the Works Cited entries in this packet (the citations on each checkpoint page) and any online resources to

create a proper Works Cited page. This page must be attached to the back of your poster.

APA works cited information: https://owl.english.purdue.edu/owl/section/2/10/

2. You have done a lot of research for this project! The tough part now is to find the most important and relevant information to include on your poster. However, you must give credit where it is due. Any information THAT IS NOT YOUR OWN WORK, including paraphrased material, must be cited.

3. Now that you have a general idea of what information to include, you must create in-text citations for each piece of information you are posting. These in-text citations will be embedded into the text you type up that will be attached to your poster board.

APA in-text citations basics: https://owl.english.purdue.edu/owl/resource/560/02/

4. Provide 2 examples of in-text (parenthetical) citations that will appear on your board below:

Checkpoint 11: Presentation Questions

Name: ___________________________________________Date: _____________ Hour: ________

Due Date: ____________________________

Criteria 0pt 2pts 4pts

Presentation:Questions for

Presenters

Did not create questions to ask presenters.

Has 5 questions, but they are simple to answer/or are supposed to be listed on the board, or are not appropriate to the project.

Has 5 questions to ask presenters, appropriate to the project, and require more than few words to answer (i.e., not “yes/no” answers)

1. Write 5 questions about cancer in general that may be a bit of a challenge for another student to answer (i.e., it will take more than 1-5 words to answer, so avoid “yes/no” responses).

2. Write down how you would answer the questions that you wrote above for your specific cancer.

Checkpoint 12: Poster

Name: ___________________________________________Date: _____________ Hour: ________

Due Date: ____________________________

Criteria 0pt 2pts 4pts

Presentation:Tri-Fold Poster

Did not create the poster for presentation.

The poster is ½ complete, or has incomplete components.

Completely created the poster for presentation; demonstrated time and effort.

Poster Meets All Criteria

Does not contain any of the required criteria.

Missing one or more of the listed criteria. Contains all listed criteria.

Make sure that your poster contains each of the following:

❟ A title, heading labels, your name, class period.

❟ At least 3 large pictures/diagrams/images related to your cancer.

❟ An overview of your cancer and a description of the normal function of the system/organ/tissue that your cancer affects.

❟ A list and brief description of current treatments for your cancer.

❟ A description of how environmental hazards can lead to your cancer.

❟ A description of how your cancer or the tendency to get your cancer can be inherited, if applicable.

❟ A description of how your cancer affects the regulatory controls (genes and checkpoints) of the cell cycle (summarize checkpoint #7 questions)

❟ A description of at least two symptoms caused by your cancer.

❟ An explanation of metastasis, the likelihood of your cancer metastasizing, and what metastasis of your cancer will do to the person.

❟ A description of a treatment regimen for your cancer that will be more effective while reducing the impact on the body.

❟ Make sure that you also include in-text (parenthetical) citations and a works cited page in proper APA format.

We will be presenting the cancer projects in a science fair style. There will be _____ presenters each day. You should have a 1-2 minute presentation prepared for your audience. After your presentation, your classmates will ask their 5 questions and will be evaluating your ability to answer their questions. This is an additional 4 points of the project grade! (See the rubric → Presentation: answering questions from audience). You will be giving your presentation multiple times to new groups of people as they circulate around the room.