KETONE BODY ANALYSIS

By: Dr. Beenish Zaki

LEARNING OBJECTIVES

SKILL: At the end of the practical session, the student

shall be able to detect the presence of ketones by qualitative analysis.

  KNOWLEDGE  At the end of the session the student shall be

able to explain and interpret the principle of Ketone body analysis and its clinical application

CAUSES OF KETONURIA

Ketonuria occurs in association with  

Fever Anorexia Starvation Prolonged vomiting Fasting Diabetic ketoacidosis Pregnancy Strenuous exercise

INTERFERING FACTORS 

Carbohydrate free diet will cause ketonuria.

Certain drugs like : Isopropyl Alcohol Insulin Metformin Levodopa

METHOD

Rothera’s nitroprusside test

PROCEDURE

Experiment

Saturate 5 ml of urine with solid ammonium sulphate. Add 0.5 ml of sodium nitroprusside. Mix and add 0.5 ml of concentrated ammonia slowly through the side of the test tube. Do not mix

METHOD and PRINCIPLE

Method: Rothera’s nitroprusside test Principle :

Ketone bodies react with sodium nitroprusside to produce purple coloring at the junction of the two layers

Ammonium sulphate removes the impurities

Ammonia provides the alkaline medium

PROCEDURE

Experiment Observation Inference

Saturate 5 ml of urine with solid ammonium Sulphate. Add 0.5 ml of sodium nitroprusside. Mix and add 0.5 ml of concentrated ammonia slowly through the side of the test tube. Do not mix

Purple colored ring is observed

Presence of Ketone bodies acetoacetic acid and acetone