KenyaGAP Mbithi Stephen

7/31/2019 KenyaGAP Mbithi Stephen

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KenyaGAPAddressing Small Scale NeedsWithin GLOBALG.A.P.

Dr Stephen Mbithi

CEO,Fresh Produce Exporters Association of Kenya(FPEAK)[email protected] gsm +254 722 716956

GlobalGap conference -17 Oct 08 Koln



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KenyaGAP-the Standard

Originated as FPEAK Code of Practice –existed for more than 12 years/ self regulation

Benchmarked to EUREPGAP in August 2007Re- benchmarking now to GLOBALGAP

Innovative aspects included,No Change to GLOBALGAP fundamentals

Enhanced aspects (beyond Globalgap scope) e.g.social chapter (CSR/HEBI aspects)

Implementation:

FPEAK organizes training/group or individual farmerscapacity buildingIndependent third Party auditsNo Duplication: GlobalGAP and KenyaGAP certificationin parallel



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Kenyan Horticulture at Glance

Total sector: about 2bn US$ valueDomestic and exports each about 1bn USD(2007 figures)

1.5 mil farmers total, 4.5 mil peopledependent (direct and indirect)

About 150 000 farmers in export horticulture

240 exporters,Small, medium, large and groups

Flowers 55% value, and fruits and veges 45%Basis for small-scale compliance to KenyaGAP



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Standards- the basis for Trade

Standards are passport to tradeThey are necessary, in local and domesticmarkets

kenyaGAP now contracted by DomesticSupermarket to implement standards on fruits andveges

They are the Basis for BULKING,Without it, small scale would be out of internationaltrade



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The Small Scale- Export ChallengeOrganized – Efficient

Centralization and uniformization necessaryFor economies of scale, and for Standards

Not producing then seeking markets, but the marketorganizes production

Large-Scale-small-scale cooperationOr independent groups

Large-Small :Main Difference –in large, the players are calledworkers, and in small, they are owners

(in Kenya, for large scale its 1.5people per acre, and smallscale is about 3 people per acre)

Small Scale: resource limitedUse of plant production products limited to absolutelynecessaryInterceptions and exceedances so far not different forthe two groups



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Small – Scale:Necessary and Unavoidable

Landholding decreasingKenya-About 2.5-4 acres in high potential areas

High value crops – the only socio-economic answerExpansion of large farms most feasible through large-smallcollaboration

Its bite-size.Horticulture is resource and knowledge intensive

Developing countries credit system not ready for numerous largescale farming systemsKenya experience: profit per kg highest in under 4acres or over 50acres

Agriculture, still Africa's Economic mainstayOur chance to participate in globalization, (sun and waterplenty and soils are good

Needed, a definite strategy to integrate Small ScaleInto global trade.Carbon Miles debate unfortunate



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KenyaGAP-GLOBALGAP CooperationGlobalgap too critical for our farmers trade

Criticizing within the family, not from outside

Active encouragement by GlobalgapIndependent –tough- benchmarking process

Stakeholder collaboration essentialNational taskforce (Govt-private sector)International best practices

Was an expensive processPIP collaboration and funding played a critical rolePIP,GTZ and DFID – creating a pool of knowledge/

consultantsGlobalGAP Smallholder consultation is Key

Structured input to the formal process



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The Unfinished Business

The High Costs IssueFocusing on compliance

Modifying certification processCertification should never be a bigger business than farming itself

The Duplication, multiplicity issue

Lets compete on compliance, not compliance methods(variety of standards)13 standards in Kenya horticulture, more coming

The EU DG-Dev/Unctad processThe WTO SPS Committee Consultations

Pros and Cons of private standards

The Complexity issue

‘A measure, and way of attesting it, commensurate to thehazard, not more restrictive’ Structured engagement with small scale in DevelopingCountries



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In Conclusion….

Small Scale Export FarmersAre organized, efficientThey DO MEET GLOBALGAP standardKenyaGAP – GlobalGAP collaboration isworkingThe horticulture export figures andgrowth of the sector is evidence

… and MRL/interception reports showthat small scale is not higher risk



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AHSANTE(Thank You)

Documents

KenyaGAP Mbithi Stephen