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8/8/2019 Keizrul - Professionalism and Code of Conduct Compatibility Mode
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Dato’ Paduka Prof. (Dr) Ir. Hj. Keizrul bin Abdullah
Adjunct Professor
July
2008
1
n vers enaga a ays a
21 September 2010
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1. What is a Profession?
2. Main Characteristics of a Profession
.
4. Code of Professional Conduct
5. Offences and PenaltiesJuly
2008
26. Q & A
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1. What is a Profession?
2. Main Characteristics of a Profession
.
4. Code of Professional Conduct
5. Offences and PenaltiesJuly
2008
36. Q & A
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• A vocation founded upon specialised
•The application of specialised knowledgeo a su ec , e , or sc ence
• Professional activity involves systematic
knowledge and proficiency
• Distinguished from other occupations dueJuly
2008
4
to their level of legal recognition
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• A vocation founded upon specialised
•The application of specialised knowledgeo a su ec , e , or sc ence
• Professional activity involves systematic
knowledge and proficiency
• Distinguished from other occupations dueJuly
2008
5
to their level of legal recognition
8/8/2019 Keizrul - Professionalism and Code of Conduct Compatibility Mode
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• Professionalisation is
• Social process whereby a trade or
occupation transform into a professionof the highest integrity and competence
• Establish acceptable qualification to
differentiate qualified from unqualifiedoccupational closure
July
2008
6
• Form a professional body/associationto oversee the conduct of the members
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• Professionalisation is
• Social process whereby a trade or
occupation transform into a professionof the highest integrity and competence
• Establish acceptable qualification to
differentiate qualified from unqualifiedoccupational closure
July
2008
7
• Form a professional body/associationto oversee the conduct of the members
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• Professionalisation
• Historical background
July
2008
8
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July
2008
9Blacksmith
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July
2008
10Cobbler
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Healer
July
2008
11
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Learning through
July
2008
12
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• Professionalisation
• Historical background
• Craftsmen form associations based on
• Aim to control ‘secrets’, ‘mysteries’,July
2008
13
ar s o e r cra s
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Guilds
July
2008
14
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July
2008
15
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• Professionalisation
• Historical background
• Craftsmen form associations based on
• Aim to control ‘secrets’, ‘mysteries’,July
2008
16
ar s o e r cra s
• Take oath of secrecy
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• Professionalisation
• Historical background
• or pro ess on rom a n oswear (an oath)”
• Adhere to ethical standards
• To be roficient and com etentJuly
2008
17•
To uphold good name of profession
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1. What is a Profession?
2. Main Characteristics of a Profession
.
4. Code of Professional Conduct
5. Offences and PenaltiesJuly
2008
186. Q & A
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1) Skill based on theoretical knowledge
2) Professional association
3 Extensive eriod of education involved -usually to tertiary level
4 Testin of com etence throu h
prescribed exams
July
2008
19
upgrading of skills (CPD)
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6) Practitioners licensed
7) Work autonomy
8 Code of rofessional conduct or ethics
9) Self regulating and independent fromovernment
10) Element of public service and altruism
July
2008
20
xc us veness, monopo y, occupa ona
closure
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12) Control of fees and advertising
13) High status and rewards
14 Offer reassurance to clients
15) Inaccessible body of knowledge (to theuninitiated
16) Indeterminacy of knowledge some of
July
2008
21
experience
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1) Skill based on theoretical knowledge
2) Professional association
3 Extensive eriod of education involved -usually to tertiary level
4 Testin of com etence throu h
prescribed exams
July
2008
22
upgrading of skills (CPD)
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1) Skill based on theoretical knowledge
2) Professional association
3 Extensive eriod of education involved -usually to tertiary level
4 Testin of com etence throu h
prescribed exams
July
2008
23
upgrading of skills (CPD)
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1) Skill based on theoretical knowledge
2) Professional association
3 Extensive eriod of education involved -usually to tertiary level
4 Testin of com etence throu h
prescribed exams
July
2008
24
upgrading of skills (CPD)
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1) Skill based on theoretical knowledge
2) Professional association
3 Extensive eriod of education involved -usually to tertiary level
4 Testin of com etence throu h
prescribed exams
July
2008
25
upgrading of skills (CPD)
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July
2008
26
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- also known as the IEM, the Institution is a
Civil Society Organisation formed in 1959reg s ere w e eg s rar o oc e es
- Ob ective of the Institution is to romote
and advance the science and professionof all aspects of engineering
July
2008
27
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1) Skill based on theoretical knowledge
2) Professional association
3 Extensive eriod of education involved -usually to tertiary level
4 Testin of com etence throu h
prescribed exams
July
2008
28
upgrading of skills (CPD)
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REGISTRATION OF
Assessment Examination
July
2008
29
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1) Skill based on theoretical knowledge
2) Professional association
3 Extensive eriod of education involved -usually to tertiary level
4 Testin of com etence throu h
prescribed exams
July
2008
30
upgrading of skills (CPD)
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PROFESSIONALDEVELOPMENT
PROFESSIONAL ENGINEERS
(CPD)July
2008
31
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Every Professional Engineer is requiredto start accumulating 50 CPD hours per
year on average over 3 years with effectfrom 1st January 2005
July
2008
32
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Activities
n orma earn ng c v es
c) Conference and Meetingd) Presentation of Papers
f) Industry Involvement (mainly for
July
2008
34
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Summary of CPDSummary of CPD
Max. Per YearTimes Weighted FactorType
Max. 201 x - on job learningInformal learning
Training activities
Max. 100.5 x- private studyActivities
Max. 3010 xPresentation of Pa ers
Meeting
Max. 301 xServices activities
Max. 301 xIndustry Involvement
(for Academic)
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6) Practitioners licensed
7) Work autonomy
8 Code of rofessional conduct or ethics
9) Self regulating and independent fromovernment
10) Element of public service and altruism
July
2008
36
xc us veness, monopo y, occupa ona
closure
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eg s ra on oEn ineers Act 1967
July
2008
37
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Category of RegistrationCategory of Registration
A. Professional Engineer
B. Graduate EngineerC. Tem orar En ineer
D. Engineering Consultancy Practice (ECP)
ii) Multi Disciplinary
iii) Sole Proprietorshipiv Partnershi
July
2008
38E. Accredited Checker
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Need for RegistrationNeed for Registration
,
No person shall, unless he is a registeredProfessional Engineer, practise, carry on
business or take up employment whichrequires him to carry out or performprofessional engineering services
July
2008
39
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Need for RegistrationNeed for Registration
,
No person shall, unless he is a registeredProfessional Engineer, be entitled to
describe himself or hold himself outunder any name, style or title bearing thewords “Professional Engineer” or the
equivalent thereto in any other language
July
2008
40
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Need for RegistrationNeed for Registration
,
No person shall, unless he is a registeredProfessional Engineer, be entitled to use
the abbreviation “Ir” before his name orthe abbreviation “P.Eng.” after his name
July
2008
41
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PenaltyPenalty
,
Any person, sole proprietorship,partnership or body corporate who
contravenes section 7 or 8, or subsection7A(1), 24A(1) or 24B(5), shall be guilty ofan offence and shall, on conviction, be
liable to a fine not > RM 50,000, or toimprisonment for a term not > 3 years, or
July
200842
both
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6) Practitioners licensed
7) Work autonomy
8 Code of rofessional conduct or ethics9) Self regulating and independent from
overnment
10) Element of public service and altruism
July
200843
xc us veness, monopo y, occupa ona
closure
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6) Practitioners licensed
7) Work autonomy
8 Code of rofessional conduct or ethics9) Self regulating and independent from
overnment
10) Element of public service and altruism
July
200844
xc us veness, monopo y, occupa ona
closure
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12) Control of fees and advertising
13) High status and rewards
14 Offer reassurance to clients15) Inaccessible body of knowledge
which can only be acquired through
July
200845
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6) Practitioners licensed
7) Work autonomy
8 Code of rofessional conduct or ethics9) Self regulating and independent from
overnment
10) Element of public service and altruism
July
200846
xc us veness, monopo y, occupa ona
closure
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1. What is a Profession?
2. Main Characteristics of a Profession
.
4. Code of Professional Conduct
5. Offences and PenaltiesJuly
2008476. Case Studies
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• Ethics major branch of philosoply
• Synonym for “morally correct” or justified se o us e mora pr nc p es oobligation, rights and ideals
•
Issue of ethics arise
specialistknowledge of the professional, and how the
July
200848
when providing a service to the public
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• En ineer ossess s ecialist knowled eand training
• service provided will be to the client’s best
interest• Engineer must not use the specialist
knowledge and training to exploit the Client -.
frightening client to accept conservative (andmore expensive) design
July
200849
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• What is a Code of Ethics?• A set of internally enforced rules or
regulations that members of the professionmus o ow
• The main intention is to ensure public
safety, prevent exploitation of the client,and preserve the integrity of the profession
July
200850
• A code may or may not have the same
status as a law
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Legal & I llegal & Et icaEthical
I llegal & Unethical
Legal & Unethical
July
200851
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• What is a Code of Ethics?
• The Code of Professional Conduct
Malaysia Registration of Engineers
• Failure to observe this Code is anJuly
200852
n r ngemen o e eg s ra on o
Engineers Act 1967
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1. What is a Profession?
2. Main Characteristics of a Profession
.
4. Code of Professional Conduct
5. Offences and PenaltiesJuly
2008536. Q & A
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• Ethics relates to morality difficult to
• For purpose of enforcement provide ao e o on uc
• Code of Conduct set of rules outlining
the responsibilities of or proper practicesfor an individual
July
200854
• Outline the principles, values, standards,
rules of behaviour
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1) Responsibility to Society
2) Responsibility to the Profession
3 Res onsibilit to the Client/Em lo er4) Responsibility to our Colleagues
July
200855
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1) Responsibility to Society
Purpose of Engineering to improveliving conditions and quality of life of
oc e y ommun y
Hence in carrying out his work, the
Engineer has a duty of care to Societyand the Environment
July
200856
Must always ensure public safety and
health
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1) Responsibility to Society
Respect nature maintain ecologicalbalance
Seek solutions compatible withprinciples of sustainable development
Conservation of natural resources
July
200857
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2) Responsibility to the Profession
Commit to professionalism
U hold di nit standin andreputation of profession
F lfill r f i n l l
knowledge and adopt goodengineering practices
July
200858
Refrain from performing services
unless competent
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2) Responsibility to the Profession
Be creative acquire latesttechnological knowledge
Improve skills and raise standards
July
200859
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3) Responsibility to the Client/Employer
Render service with sincerity fullcompetency and creativity
Act at all times in the legitimateinterest of the Client and achieve
project goals Perform duty impartially with integrity
July
200860
and faithfulness
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3) Responsibility to the Client/Employer
Inform Client of any conflict of interest
Establish mutual trust Not to accept remuneration which
r i in n n m n
July
200861
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4) Responsibility to our Colleagues
Engineers tend to work in teamscooperate with Specialists in other
sc p nes e s
Emphasize coordination and
cooperation and improve efficiency ofexecution
July
200862
Not to injure reputation or business of
others
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4) Responsibility to our Colleagues
Not to directly or indirectly attempt totake over others’ work
Ensure continuity of professionalcontributions
Share technical experiences
July
200863
professionals
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REGISTRATION OF
PART IV
CODE OF PROFESSIONALJuly
200864CONDUCT
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. very eg s ere ng neer s a a atimes uphold the dignity, high standing
July
200865
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Responsibility to employer,Responsibility to employer,
clients or professionclients or profession
24. A Registered Engineer in his
responsibility to his employer, client orthe profession shall have full regard tothe public interest
July
200866
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Discharge of dutiesDischarge of duties
25. (1) A Registered Engineer shall dischargehis duties to his employer or client as thecase may be with complete fidelity
(2) Except with the permission of hisemployer, a Registered Engineer shall notaccep any remunera on or serv cesrendered other than from his employer
July
200867
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Reputation etc. of a RegisteredReputation etc. of a Registered
26. A Registered Engineer shall notmaliciously injure or attempt to
ma c ous y n ure w e er rec y orindirectly, the professional reputation,
Registered Engineer
July
200868
Canvassing and advertising prohibitedCanvassing and advertising prohibited
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g g pg g p
27. A Registered Engineer shall not -
(a) canvass or solicit professional
employment;
or any other payment for the introductionof his professional employment;
x m y ,advertise in any manner or form inconnection with his profession; or
(d) provide professional engineeringservices to any person, unless the scope
July
200869
written agreement between both parties
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A Registered Engineer inA Registered Engineer inrivate ractice not to racticerivate ractice not to ractice
with any person whosewith any person whose
.Engineering Consultancy Practice shallnot practise engineering with any
person whose registration has beencancelled
July
200870
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es r c ons on ma nges r c ons on ma ngpayments or placing contractspayments or placing contracts
29. A Registered Engineer in an EngineeringConsultancy Practice shall not be amedium of payment made on his client's
client nor shall he, in connection with
contracts or orders except with theauthority of and on behalf of his client
July
200871
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es r c ons on en er nges r c ons on en er ngprofessional partnershipprofessional partnership
30. A Professional Engineer in privatepractice shall not without the approval ofthe Board enter into professional
par ners p w any person o er an aProfessional Engineer in private practice,
,
Quantity Surveyor or a Licensed LandSurve or
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200872
A Registered Engineer in privateA Registered Engineer in private
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over the work of anotherover the work of another
31. A Registered Engineer shall not directly orn rect y -
(a) su lant or attem t to su lantanother Registered Engineer ;
or in connection with engineering work ofany kind which to his knowledge has
July
200873
already been entrusted to another a
Registered Engineer; or
Reg. 31
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Registered Engineer acting for thesame client unless he has :
(i) obtained the consent of thatother Registered Engineer; or
(ii) been formally notified by theclient that the services of that other
ng neer ave een term nate naccordance with the provisions of any
July
200874
other Engineer and the client
Restrictions on being a director,Restrictions on being a director,
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mem er or s are o er omem er or s are o er ocontracting and manufacturingcontracting and manufacturing
company, etc.company, etc.
32. (1) Except with the prior approval of the
Board a re istered En ineer in an ECPshall not be a director or executive of orsubstantial shareholder in or agent for
any contracting or manufacturingcompany or firm or business related to
July
200875
Restrictions on being a director,Restrictions on being a director,
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mem er or s are o er omem er or s are o er ocontracting and manufacturingcontracting and manufacturing
company, etc.company, etc.
32. (2) If such approval is given, suchRegistered Engineer shall not undertakeany contract work wherein he is engagedas a consulting engineer in such project
"
build" project
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200876
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. very reg s ere ng neer w e ac ng n
his professional capacity shall disclose
a director or member of or substantial
shareholder in or a ent for ancontracting or manufacturing companyor firm or business or has any financialnterest n any suc company or rm or
business, with which he deals on behalf
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200877
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1. What is a Profession?2. Main Characteristics of a Profession
.
4. Code of Professional Conduct
5. Offences and PenaltiesJuly
2008786. Q & A
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REGISTRATION OFENGINEERS ACT 1967
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200879
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the penalties that can be meted out
1) Offender is not registered with BEM
ECP
•
• For Type (2) Disciplinary case
• Type (1) offence includes possible
imprisonment sentence (quasi-criminal)
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the penalties that can be meted out
1) Offender is not registered with BEM
ECP
•
• For Type (2) Disciplinary case
• Type (1) offence includes possible
imprisonment sentence (quasi-criminal)
Type (1) Court CaseType (1) Court Case
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,
No person shall, unless he is a registeredProfessional Engineer, practise, carry onbusiness or take up employment whichrequires him to carry out or performprofessional engineering services
July
200882
Type (1) Court CaseType (1) Court Case
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,
No person shall, unless he is a Prof.Engineer be entitled to use Ir. or P.Eng. …or describe himself or hold himself outunder any name, style or title … whichmay reasonably be construed to imply
that he is a Professional EngineerJuly
200883
Type (1) Court CaseType (1) Court Case
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,
No person shall, unless he is a Prof.Engineer use or display any sign, board,card or other device representing orimplying that he is a ProfessionalEngineer
July
200884
Type (1) Court CaseType (1) Court Case
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,
No person or body, other than aProfessional Engineer or an ECP, shall beentitled to submit plans, engineeringsurveys, drawings, schemes, proposals,reports, designs or studies to any person
or authority in MalaysiaJuly
200885
Type (1) Court CaseType (1) Court Case
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~ ,
Obtaining registration by false pretences;Forges, alters or counterfeits anycertificate of registration;Impersonating a registered Engineer;Buy or sell any certificate of registration;
Contravening Section 24A(1) or 24B(5)(Also applicable to Registered Engineer )July
200886
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Penalty
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200887
PenaltiesPenalties -- Type (1)Type (1)
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,
Any person, sole proprietorship,partnership or body corporate whocontravenes section 7 or 8, or subsection7A(1), 24A(1) or 24B(5), shall be guilty ofan offence and shall, on conviction, be
liable to a fine not > RM 50,000, or toimprisonment for a term not > 3 years, orJuly
200888
both
PenaltiesPenalties -- Type (1)Type (1)
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,
Any person, sole proprietorship,partnership or body corporate whocontravenes section 7 or 8, or subsection7A(1), 24A(1) or 24B(5), shall be guilty ofan offence and shall, on conviction, be
liable to a fine not > RM 50,000, or toimprisonment for a term not > 3 years, orJuly
200889
both
PenaltiesPenalties -- Type (1)Type (1)
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,
Any person, sole proprietorship,partnership or body corporate whocontravenes section 7 or 8, or subsection7A(1), 24A(1) or 24B(5), shall be guilty ofan offence and shall, on conviction, be
liable to a fine not > RM 50,000, or toimprisonment for a term not > 3 years, orJuly
200890
both
PenaltiesPenalties -- Type (1)Type (1)
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,
Any person, sole proprietorship,partnership or body corporate whocontravenes section 7 or 8, or subsection7A(1), 24A(1) or 24B(5), shall be guilty ofan offence and shall, on conviction, be
liable to a fine not > RM 50,000, or toimprisonment for a term not > 3 years, orJuly
200891
both
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the penalties that can be meted out
1) Offender is not registered with BEM
ECP
•
• For Type (2) Disciplinary case
• Type (1) offence includes possible
imprisonment sentence (quasi-criminal)
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Penalty
July
200893
PenaltiesPenalties -- Type (2Type (2))
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-,
(a)Issuance of a written warning orreprimand
(b)Imposition of a fine not exceedingRM 50,000
(c)Suspension of registration for a period
not exceeding 2 years(d)Cancellation of registrationJuly
200894
(e)Any combination of (a) to (d)
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1. What is a Profession?
2. Main Characteristics of a Profession
.
4. Code of Professional Conduct
5. Offences and PenaltiesJuly
2008956. Q & A
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Case Examples
July
200896
Case Example 1Case Example 1
1) Y d i i Sh i M ll f
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1) You are designing a Shopping Mall for a
following alternatives :
2 Alternative A Pro ect cost RM 100 million,Annual cost RM 5 million
3) Alternative B Project cost RM 150 million,
nnua cos m on4) Alternative C Project cost RM 140 million,
5) Which alternative will you recommend to yourClient?
July
200897
Case Example 2Case Example 2
1) Y d i i Sh i M ll f
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1) You are designing a Shopping Mall for a.
Service Station in the basement of the Mall. In
your opinion, this will have fire and safetyconsequences.
2) What will you do?
e en s ns s en on s proposa anask you to incorporate mitigating measures toalleviate our concerns on fire and safet .
4) What will you do?
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200898
Case Example 3Case Example 3
1) Yo are the designer for a 4 lane Road Bridge
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1) You are the designer for a 4-lane Road Bridge.
2) Your Engineer boss ask you to use a Factorof Safet of 4 as the brid e is an im ortantlink and will be heavily used.
3) What will you do?
4) From your enquiries and research, you findthat a FoS of 4 is too excessive.
July
200899
Case Example 4Case Example 4
1) You are designing the M&E component of a
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1) You are designing the M&E component of a
2) Your friend who is selling Brand X Air-con askou to recommend his roduct
3) Will you accept his request?
4) After considering all the various Brands in themarket, you find that Brand X gives the bestvalue for money.
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2008100
Case Example 5Case Example 5
1) You are buying some computers for your
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1) You are buying some computers for your
number of suppliers. One of the supplier is
your family-owned company.2) What will you do?
3) Another supplier offers you a free personal
compu er you w uy rom m.4) What will you do?
supplier giving the best deal. The supplier israteful and sends ou a ham er as a thank-
July
2008101
you gesture.
6) Will you accept his gift?
Case Example 6Case Example 6
1) Your Company wants to purchase a Tunnel
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1) Your Company wants to purchase a Tunnel
evaluate several models from different
suppliers. One of the supplier offers you aree tr p to apan to nspect t e r .
2) Will you accept their offer?
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2008102
Case Example 7Case Example 7
1) You work as an Engineer in a Factory
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1) You work as an Engineer in a Factory.
2) You notice a leak in one of the machines andoil is ourin into a drain that leads to a river.
3) You report to your boss but he says the mainpriority is to complete a big order on time.
ou can o e repa rs a er e or er sdelivered.
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2008103
Case Example 8Case Example 8
1) You work for a construction company that is
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1) You work for a construction company that is- .
2) Your employer ask you to reduce the numberof steel bars to save costs.
3) What will you do?
4) Your employer gives you a letter certifying
that he takes all responsibility for instructingyou to reduce the number of steel bars.
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2008104
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• upon specialised educational training
• Professional Code of Conduct set ofrules and re ulations
• The main intention is to ensure publicsafety, prevent exploitation of theClient, and preserve the integrity of theProfession
• Infringement against the Code can
invoke penalties including disbarment
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Thank You
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2008106