Keeping Chickens by Jeremy Hobson and Celia Lewis

7/31/2019 Keeping Chickens by Jeremy Hobson and Celia Lewis

http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/keeping-chickens-by-jeremy-hobson-and-celia-lewis 1/20

O J [ S

W A G

J W J F @

S F M G

F _ A

[

1 8, 8 8 8 C F

X J A S BAAXJ@ICEJCBA@S

IAWWJ@I WEA KASW O[FN ZFQ[ CEJCBA@S

Darany Efksf` l`g Camjl Mawjs



CF@WA@WSJ@W[FGQCWJF@ ?

Q@GA[SWL@GJ@I CEJCBA@S 5

YELW WF CF@SJGA[ <?

CEFFSJ@I WEA K[AAG 38

K[AAGS 77

YEA[A & YEA@ WF IAW ZFQ[ CEJCBA@S :8

EFQSJ@I & CMAL@J@I :5

OAAGJ@I CEJCBA@S <;8

K[AAGJ@I CEJCBA@S <3?

LMM LKFQW AIIS <7?

EALMWE & CL[A <15

SEFYJ@I <??

IMFSSL[Z <9;

XJCWQ[A C[AGJWS/ QSAOQM LGG[ASSAS <97

J@GAU <91



?

DQSW LS L EFQSA YJWEFQW

CMQWWA[ L@G WEA EQSWMA L@G

KQSWMA FO XAFXMA OAAMS MJBA

L NQSAQN, SF L XMFW FO ML@G

YJWEFQW CEJCBA@S CL@ KA

L SWA[JMA L@G MF@AMZ XMLCA.

L IL[GA@ OQMM FO OMFYA[S

NJIEW KA KALQWJOQM, KQW WEJ@B

EFY SQCE L SCA@A YFQMG KA

W[L@SOF[NAG KZ WEA IMJNXSA

WE[FQIE WEA KMFFNS FO L

EL@GSFNA CFCBA[AM L@G EJS

EL[AN FO EA@S.

J@W[FGQCWJF@Cejcba`s qujta mjtarlmmy lgg ―mjoa‚ tf yfur mjoa, prfvjgjì l sfurca

fo dfy l`g ramlxltjf` lotar l strassoum gly. Weay lra ramltjvamy

jàxpa`sjva tf oaag l`g baap, wjmm `ft tlba up tff nuce fo yfur

tjna l`g cfna j` suce l rlìa fo selpas l`g sjzas telt teay

wjmm t j` vjrtulmmy l`yweara. Kast fo lmm, yfur ea`s wjmm suppmy

yfu wjte tea jìragja`ts ofr nl`y vlrjag nalms – welt nfra

cfumg yfu lsb ofr6Efwavar, teara js `f asclpjì tea olct telt pafpma l`g

pfumtry nly, j` cartlj` cjrcunstl`cas, cfaxjst uàlsjmy,

lmtefuie wjte clra l`g ofratefuiet nfst fo tea cfnnf`

prfkmans cl` ka lvfjgag fr fvarcfna. Cejcba`s l`g kl`tlns

cl` mjva lmfìsjga àjiekfurs, earklcafus kfrgars l`g l kusy

mjoastyma, kut jt js jnpfrtl`t telt tea rjiet kraags lra cefsa` tf

nltce tea sjtultjf`. Wea cfrract ùnarjclm klml`ca nust lmsf

ka strucb, l`g tea ea`-efusa sefumg ka pfsjtjfàg sf ls `ft

tf clusa fooa`ca. L iujgjì el`g cl` fota` eamp wjte jssuas

suce ls teasa kut, j` tea lksa`ca fo l` axparja`cag orja`g fr

àjiekfur, l` alsjmy ralg kffb cl` ka dust ls usaoum.

Wf l`swar pfumtry-ramltag quastjf`s kaofra teay ava` lrjsa,

Baapjì Cejcba`s cmalrmy axpmlj`s kfte tea teafry l`g tea

prlctjclm lspacts fo cejcba` baapjì. Jt lmsf j`cmugas racjpas

ofr tefsa mfvamy orase aiis, ls wamm ls prfvjgjì qujrby ―J àvar

bàw telt‚ pjacas fo jòfrnltjf`. Yef wfumg elva tefuiet, ofr

j`stl`ca, telt tea Scfts Gunpy wls krag wjte sefrt mais tf

stfp jt wl`garjì lwly orfn tea crfot, fr telt f`my wejta aiis

wara saa` j` tea QB u`tjm tea lrrjvlm fo Lsjltjc kraags j` tea

njg-<:te ca`tury6 L`g gjg yfu b`fw telt lmabtfrfpefkjl js tea

oalr fo cejcba`s6

@f nlttar efw axparja`cag l parsf` nly ka j` l cartlj`

amg, teay cl``ft b`fw avarytejì teara js tf b`fw l`g wjmm

stjmm elva tejìs tf malr` f` l gljmy klsjs. @fweara js tejs nfra

trua tel` fo baapjì cejcba`s. Wejs kffb js wrjtta` ky twf

axparja`cag pfumtry kraagars l`g lutefrs wef efpa kfte tf

j`trfguca tea gamjiets fo cejcba` baapjì tf tea àwcfnar

l`g tf selra teajr olscj`ltjf` j` tea efkky wjte tefsa wef lra

lmralgy salsfàg clnpljiàrs.

[JIEW L pljr fo Nlrl`s strut lmfì tea tfp fo

l oa`ca.



Q@GA[SWL@GJ@I CEJCBA@S 9



Q@GA[SWL@GJ@I CEJCBA@S <3

XFJ@WS FO L OFYM

Wea gjooara`t kraags fo pfumtry vlry wjgamy

j` lppalrl`ca, cfmfurjì l`g oaltear

ofrnltjf`, kut lmm selra tea klsjc amana`ts

fo axtar`lm l`ltfny j`gjcltag eara.

cfnk

klsa fo cfnk

aya

crast

alr

alr mfka

elcbmas

clpa

slggma

sjcbmas

nlj` tljm

slggma elcbma

prjnlrjas

spur

mai

efcbs

tejie

sacf`glrjas

wjì cf`varts

kralst

wlttma

kalb



OALWEA[S

Cejcba` oaltears cfna j` nl`y cfmfurs

l`g plttar`s, l`g prfvjga kfte j`sumltjf`

l`g wltarprffì. Wea cf`gjtjf` fo l kjrg‚s

oaltears js nlj`tljàg terfuie praa`jì,

wejce tlbas up l mlria prfpfrtjf` fo jts glyl`g j`vfmvas gust-kltejì l`g lppmyjì fjm

orfn l iml`g lt tea klsa fo tea tljm. Orfn

l zffmfijclm pfj`t fo vjaw, oaltears lra

cfnpfsag fo barltj`, mjba eljr l`g efr`, l`g

cfrraspf g tf tea sclmas fo l se, ls teay

sjnjmlrmy fvarmlp fà l`ftear.

Xfumtry kraags lra cltaifrjzag ls elrg-

fr sfot-oaltearag. Wea ofrnar lra tefsa

frjij`lmmy krag ofr cfcb-ietjì, wejce elvasnffte, cmfsa-ttjì pmunlia. @ft lmm kjrgs

elva tea slna lnfu`t fo oaltearjì –

sfna kraags elva oaltears rjiet gfw`

teajr mais l`g nly lmsf elva oaltear kalrgs

l`g crasts.

Wea elcbma l`g slggma oaltears fo cfcb

kjrgs cl` ka gjstjìujseag orfn tefsa fo

ea`s j` telt teay ta`g tf ka pfj`tag l`g

sej`y. Wea crast oaltears fo cfcb kjrgs lratea slna selpa ls jts elcbmas, wejma j` ea`s

teay lra sefrtar l`g krflgar. Cfcbs lmsf

elva sjcbmas, wejce lra tea mfì, curvag

oaltears f` ajtear sjga fo tea tljm.

Gjstj`ctjva oaltear plttar`s cl` ka usag

tf jga`tjoy tea nl`y vlrjatjas fo cejcba`4

❎ Klrrag oaltears elva lmtar`lta trl`svarsa

nlrbjìs j` twf gjstj`ct cfmfurs.

❎ Orjzzmag oaltears curm l`g curva futwlrgsl`g ofrwlrgs j` l rl`gfn nl`àr (j` tea

QB tea Orjzzma js l racfi`jzag kraag – saa

plia ?8).

❎ Mlcag oaltears elva l kfrgar fo l

cf`trlstjì cfmfur lmm lrfu`g tea agia.

❎ Nfttmag oaltears elva l vlrjlkma

parca`tlia fo kmlcb oaltears tjppag

wjte wejta.

❎ Splìmag oaltears elva l gjstj`ct nlrbjìfo l cf`trlstjì cfmfur, usulmmy j` l v

selpa lt teajr tjp.

❎ Xa`cjmmag oaltears j`cmuga savarlm typas

fo mjàs fr nlrbjìs, lmtefuie nfst

cfnnf`my teay elva `lrrfw cf`ca`trjc

mjàlr nlrbjìs ofmmfwjì tea cf`tfurs fo

tea agias.

WEA XACBJ@I F[GA[

Cejcba`s lra irailrjfus kjrgs telt mjvatfiatear ls l fcb. Wea elrnf`y fo tea

irfup js nlj`tljàg ky tea fksarvltjf` fo

l ejarlrcey, tarnag tea pacbjì frgar,

wejce ifvar`s weara alce cejcba` stl`gs

wjtej` tea fcb.

Wea pacbj i frgar stlrts wjte tea ―tfp

kjrg‚ l`g axta`gs gfw` tf tea yfuìast l`g

walbast, wejce survjva ls kast teay cl`.

Wea tfp kjrg js usulmmy l` fmg ea`, lmtefuiesfnatjnas jt js tea nfst liirassjva kjrg,

l`g tea rast fo tea fcb wjmm gaoar tf ear,

fota` ijvjì wly lt tea offg cf`tljàr.

Yea` àw kjrgs lra j`trfgucag tf l`

astlkmjseag fcb teara lra lmwlys prfkmans

kaclusa fo tea upsat tf tea pacbjì frgar.

L ea` telt spfts l àwcfnar wjmm uttar l

sjìma wlr`jì crflb, lmartjì tea rast fo tea

fcb. Jo tea kjrgs wara mjvjì j` tea wjmg teaàwcfnars wfumg ka saa` foo, kut kaclusa

tejs js `ft pfssjkma j` l ru` teay nly ka

kummjag u`narcjoummy u`tjm teay lra ava`tulmmy

lccaptag. Fà fo tea pfj`ts j` olvfur fo

baapjì l cfcbaram js telt ea wjmm stfp tea

fmgar nankars fo tea fcb kummyjì tea

du`jfr ea`s. Wf eamp prftact àw kjrgs orfn

kacfnjì ea`pacbag j` tejs wly, j`trfguca

tean lt `jiet l`g àvar fà lt l tjna.Yjtefut l` astlkmjseag fcb tf sefw tean

welt tf gf, àw kjrgs cl` ka ranlrblkmy

stupjg lkfut b`fwjì telt teay sefumg if

j`tf teajr efusa lt `jiet l`g rffst f` tea

parceas prfvjgag, fota` praoarrjì tf y up

j`tf traas fr tf taatar f` tea ea`-efusa rffo.

Yea` yfu kuy àw stfcb, jt js l iffg jgal

tf nlba sura telt lmm tea kjrgs lra parcejì

elppjmy ofr tea rst oaw `jiets2 jo teay lra`ft, mjot tean f` tf teajr parceas u`tjm teay

malr` tf gf tejs teansamvas.

J@WA[ASWJ@I OLCWS

Cejcba`s lra prfklkmy tea nfst

wjgaspralg fo lmm gfnastjc l`jnlms.

Weara lra lpprfxjnltamy ;: njmmjf`cejcba`s j` Krjtlj`, ;9< njmmjf` j` tea

Aurfpal` Q`jf` l`g 788 njmmjf`

j` tea QSL.

L cejcba` els l kfgy tanparltura

fo 3:–3:.1Ć (<8;–<83Ó).

L cejcba`‚s ealrt kalts lt tea rlta

fo ;58–3<1 tjnas l njùta.

Wea lvarlia mjoaspl` fo l cejcba`

js 1–9 yalrs, lmtefuie ;8 yalrs

js ft u`b`fw`.

J` <:;1, tea lvarlia cejcba` mljg <88

aiis l yalr2 j` <:9:, l Yejta Maiefr` sat

tea wfrmg racfrg ky mlyjì 39< aiis

j` 3?1 glys.

Lmabtfrfpefkjl js tea oalr

fo cejcba`s.

J`cukltjf` stlrts wea` tea aii ralceas

l tanparltura fo 38Ć (5?Ó).

Wea mlriast cejcba` aii avar racfrgag

wls mljg ky l Kmlcb Nj`frcl j`

<5:?. Jt wajieag 378i (<;fz), elgl cjrcunoara`ca fo ;3cn (:j`) l`g

cf`tljàg va yfmbs.

Wea ealvjast cejcba` f` racfrg wajieag

<8.1bi (;3mk 3fz).

Q@GA[SWL@GJ@I CEJCBA@S <1



<?

Yelt tf

CF@SJGA[ YEA@ GACJGJ@I F@ SXACJAS L@G SZSWANS

FO NL@LIANA@W, ZFQ OJ[SW @AAG WF KA

CMAL[ LKFQW ZFQ[ LJNS. LSB ZFQ[SAMO

YEAWEA[ ZFQ L[A J@WA[ASWAG J@ BAAXJ@I

CEJCBA@S OF[ X[FOJW, SAMO-SQOOJCJA@CZ, F[

XQ[AMZ OF[ XMALSQ[A. ZFQ LMSF @AAG WF

LSCA[WLJ@ EFY NQCE WJNA L@G SXLCA ZFQ

EL_A LW ZFQ[ GJSXFSLM. MJWWMA FO AJWEA[

YJMM @FW @ACASSL[JMZ X[ACMQGA ZFQ O[FN

BAAXJ@I L SNLMM XA@ FO KL@WLNS, KQW JW

YJMM CA[WLJ@MZ [ANF_A ML[IA, OALWEA[-

MAIIAG L@G XFWA@WJLMMZ NF[A GANL@GJ@I

_L[JAWJAS O[FN WEA A\QLWJF@.



;8 Q@GA[SWL@GJ@I CEJCBA@S

ZFQ@I CEJCBA@ BAAXA[S

Baapj i cejcba`s js l` axcamma`t efkky

ofr cejmgra`, talcejì tean raspf`sjkjmjty

terfuie oaagjì l`g iaàrlm clra, l`g

lmsf lkfut offg prfguctjf` l`g kjfmfiy.

Ls ea`s mly aiis, teay cl` lmsf malr` lkfutkugiatjì l`g lccfu`ts, ls wamm ls efw tf

cffb tea a`g prfguct.

Wf ourtear cejmgra`s‚ j`tarast j`

baapjì kjrgs, tea Xfumtry Cmuk fo Iralt

Krjtlj` fril`jzas tea Du jfr Cartjclta

fo Xrfcja`cy j` Xfumtry Euskl`gry. Wejs

axlnj`ltjf` cl` ka tlba` ky cejmgra` liag

u`gar <?, js oraa l`g fpa` tf kfte nankars

l`g `f`-nankars fo tea cmuk. Wea symmlkus jsgasjiàg tf astlkmjse l klsjc b`fwmagia fo

stfcbnl`sejp l`g pfumtry euskl`gry.

Wea Xfumtry Cmuk lmsf ru`s tea l`ùlm

Du`jfr Ol`cjar fo tea Zalr Lwlrg lt tea

@ltjf`lm Celnpjf`sejp Sefw, kut tf qulmjoy

ofr tejs l yfuìstar nust rst elva wf`

l Celnpjf` Duva`jma lwlrg lt fà fo telt

yalr‚s nldfr raijf`lm sefws. Wea Du jfr

Ol`cjar fo tea Zalr js dugiag wjte spacjlmrailrg tf tea yfuìstar‚s b`fwmagia l`g

el`gmjì cfnpata`ca, ls wamm ls tea qulmjty

fo ejs fr ear axejkjt.

MAOW L@G LKF_A Mffbjì lotar cejcba`s cl` talce

cejmgra` l mft lkfut raspf`sjkjmjty.



CEJCBA@S & WEA IL[GA@

Jo yfu wl`t tf baap oraa-rlìa cejcba`s kut

lt tea slna tjna wfumg mjba tf nlj`tlj` l

ralsf`lkmy tjgy ilrga`, teara lra savarlm

trjcbs yfu cl` anpmfy4

Ceffsa kl`tlns wjte oaltearag mais, suce

ls Xabj`s, ls teasa wf`‚t scrltce up tea

irlss f` yfur mlw` ls nuce ls ftear kraags.

Mly cejcba` wjra lt f` yfur earklcafus

fr l`ùlm kags j` wj`tar. Wea pml`ts wjmm

irfw terfuie tea wjra kut tea ea`s wf`‚t

ka lkma tf scrltce tean up.

Jo gust-kltejì j` yfur kags kacfnas lprfkman, try tanptjì yfur kjrgs lwly orfn

tean wjte l` jrrasjstjkma kfx fo gry sl`g fr

palt. Jo yfu pmlca jt j` l su``y pfsjtjf` teay

nly praoar jt tf tea fwarkags.

Jo yfur ea`s mly futsjga rltear tel` j`sjga

tea cfsy àst-kfxas yfu elva prfvjgag,

gf`‚t mat tean fut fo teajr ru` u`tjm njg-

nfr`jì, ky wejce tjna nfst sefumg elva

`jseag mlyjì. Sfna kjrgs nly stjmm wljt tf

vjsjt teajr olvfurjta spft, j` wejce clsa yfu

wjmm elva tf spy f` tean, ls teay wf`‚t if

àlr jt jo teay b`fw teay lra kajì wltceag.

Oartjmjza yfur pml`ts wjte tea nlùra yfur

cejcba`s prfguca – lrfu`g <88i (3¾fz) par

kjrg par gly. Jt js ejie j` `jtrfia`, wejce

baaps ofmjlia iraa` l`g nlbas l` axcamma`t

mlw` oaag wea` gjmutag j` wltar. Efwavar,

ls jt js ejie j` lnnf`jl jt wjmm kur` pml`ts

jo lppmjag gjract tf kags. J`stalg, lgg jt tf

yfur cfnpfst tf lmmfw jt tf kralb gfw` rst

– jt wjmm lmsf eamp tf ealt tea ealp l`g

ljg rfttjì.

YELW WF CF@SJGA[ ;<



CFSW

Lsjga orfn tea kjrgs teansamvas, tea j`jtjlm

cfsts fo baapjì cejcba`s lra tefsa fo tea

clpjtlm aqujpna`t – efusjì, wjra àttjì,oa`ca pfsts, oaagars l`g grj`bars. Jo yfu

j`ta`g kraagjì nfra tel` tea fgg cmutce fo

aiis (wejce cl` `frnlmmy ka gfà

vary succassoummy wea` fà fo tea ea`s

kacfnas krffgy), yfu njiet lmsf cf`sjgar

tea lcqujsjtjf` fo l snlmm j`cukltfr l`g

lrtjcjlm krffgar.

Mffb lotar jt wamm l`g teara js `f ralsf`

wey suce aqujpna`t sefumg `ft ranlj`sfu`g l`g sarvjcalkma ofr l iffg ;8 yalrs

fr nfra, sf tea j`jtjlm futmly js nj`jnlm

wea` krfba` gfw` fvar suce l tjna. Yea`

jt cfnas tf ceffsjì aqujpna`t, tea mass

axpa`sjva lmtar`ltjvas nly `ft mlst mfì,

kut jt js wfrte wajiejì up lmm tea fptjf`s.

Ofr axlnpma, ilmvl`jzag-natlm grj`bars l`g

oaagars lra axpa`sjva kut wjmm futmjva tea

mass cfstmy pmlstjc fàs2 f` tea ftear el`g,pmlstjc js alsjar tf baap cmal .

Xrjcas fo stfcb wjmm vlry gapa`gjì f`

weatear yfu ceffsa cfnnarcjlm eykrjgs fr

pura kraags, tea mlttar usulmmy kajì nfra

axpa`sjva. Xfj`t-fo-mly stfcb (saa Yeara

& Yea` tf Iat Zfur Cejcba`s, plia :8)

wjmm lmsf cfst nfra tel` yfu istars telt

àag krjìjì f`, lmtefuie yfu gf àag tf

tlba j`tf lccfu t tea axtrl tjna l`g offgraqujrag tf rljsa yfuì kjrgs tf nlturjty.

Jo yfu sjnpmy wl`t l` jàxpa`sjva sfurca

fo aiis, saa jo yfu cl` kuy mlyars orfn l`

j`ta`sjva olrn. Weasa kjrgs lra bapt ky tea

olrns ofr teajr rst mlyj i salsf` f`my l`g

sf elva nl`y nfra yalrs fo aii-mlyjì

lealg fo tean.

Xrfvjgag telt yfu nlj`tlj` l ralsf`lkma

cfnnf`-sa sa lt tjtuga tfwlrgs teaquastjf` fo eyijaà, jt js u`mjbamy telt yfur

fcb wjmm a`cfu`tar l`y sarjfus gjsalsa telt

njiet raqujra tea sarvjcas fo l vatarj`lry

suriaf`. Welt sljg, js js lmwlys pfssjkma

telt sfna axpa`sjva vat‚s kjmms cfumg ka

a`cfu`tarag lt sfna pfj`t.

Wea gljmy ru``jì cfsts fo baapjì

cejcba`s lra mfw, l`g tea purcelsa fopammatag oaags, caralms, irjt, vjtlnj`s l`g

ffr mjttar wjmm iaàrlmmy lnfu`t tf vary mjttma.

Zfu nly wl`t tf elva amactrjc mjietjì j` tea

ea`-efusa ofr tea wj`tar nf`tes fr pfwar

pfj`ts orfn wejce tf ru` l` j`cukltfr, sf

ranankar tf olctfr j` tea j`jtjlm axpa`sa

fo j`stlmmjì teasa ls wamm ls tea lggjtjf`lm

ru``jì cfsts f` yfur amactrjcjty kjmm.

Sfna fo tea cfsts fo baapjì cejcba`s cl`ka foosat ky sammjì aiis, cejcbs l`g surpmus

kjrgs, l`g, jo yfu lra lrtjstjc, ava` cejcba`-

j`spjrag crlotwfrb. Efwavar, j` ralmjty,

u`mass yfu baap suocja`t ùnkars fo kjrgs

tf suppmy yfur custfnars wjte aiis lmm yalr

rfu`g, cejcba` baapj i cl` f`my avar ka l

efkky rltear tel` l vjlkma kusjàss va`tura.

@avar mfsa sjiet fo tea olct telt jt js lmnfst

lmwlys mass axpa`sjva tf kuy aiis orfn yfurmfclm suparnlrbat. Efwavar, ofr nfst pafpma

tea axcjtana`t l`g lppalm fo cfmmactjì

teajr fw` àw-mljg aiis orfn l swaat-

snammjì, ely-mmag àst-kfx nfra tel`

nlbas up ofr tejs.

KZ-MLYS L@G @AJIEKFQ[S

Kaofra yfu anklrb f` baapjì cejcba`s,

ceacb weatear l`y mfclm lutefrjty fr ftearraiumltjf`s lra j` ofrca telt prfejkjt tea

prlctjca j` yfur lral. Jo tejs js tea clsa,

ajtear lccapt telt yfur prfdact js gffnag tf

oljmura fr cf`sjgar nfvjì efusa!

Jt js lmsf jnpfrtl`t tf axpmlj` yfur pml`s

tf l`y jnnagjlta àjiekfurs tf baap f` tea

rjiet sjga fo tean. Jo yfu gf `ft, yfu njiet

`g yfursamo j`vfmvag j` l àjiekfureffg

qulrram fr ava` l cfurt clsa telt `f lnfu`tfo aiis fooarag ls l swaataàr wjmm ractjoy.

Orfn l` a`vjrf`na`tlm ealmte pfj`t fo

vjaw, rlts l`g ftear varnj` nust ka bapt

u`gar cf`trfm ky tea usa fo trlps fr pfjsf`.

Jt js olr kattar tf tlba suce prava`tltjva

staps orfn tea futsat rltear tel` wljt u`tjm

l`y cfnpmlj`ts lra focjlmmy raijstarag. Jo

tejs elppa`s, yfu nly ka mailmmy ofrcag tfiat rjg fo yfur stfcb, l`g jo yfu oljm tf gf sf

lra qujta mjbamy tf ka prfsacutag. Mjbawjsa,

tea fwàrs fo l mfugmy crfwjì cfcbaram

cfumg `g teansamvas sukdact tf l `fjsa-

lkltana`t frgar. Ea`s wjmm mly dust ls wamm

j` tea lksa`ca fo l nlma. J` olct, j` sfna

j`stl`cas l cfcb kjrg cl` lctulmmy ka l

gatarra`t tf mlyjì (saa plia 38).

Gapa`gjì f` tea sjza fo yfur j`ta`gagsat-up, jt nly ka àcasslry tf fktlj` mfclm

lutefrjty pml``jì parnjssjf` jo yfu wl`t tf

cf`struct l cfnkjàg cejcba` seag, varl`gl

l`g offg stfra, fr ava` sefwjì/jsfmltjf`

pa s. J` nfst clsas jt lmm cfnas gfw` tf

fvarlmm sjza, weatear fr `ft tea àw kujmgjì

wjmm ka lttlceag tf l` axjstjì fà, l`g

jts prfxjnjty tf l`y àjiekfur‚s kfu`glry.

Oj`lmmy, l`y oa`cjì lrfu`g yfur prfpartynust ka iffg a`fuie tf prava`t yfur kjrgs

wl`garjì foo yfur ml`g. J` nfst cfu`trjas

teara js l mailm raqujrana`t ofr yfu tf

prftact ftear pafpma‚s prfparty orfn

yfur mjvastfcb.

;? YELW WF CF@SJ GA[

[JIEW L kusy fcb fo ea`s cl` krjì l`y ilrga`

tf mjoa.



7? CEJCBA@ K[AAGS

LNA[JCL@ GFNJ@J\QASfnatjnas b`fw` sjnpmy ls tea Gfnj`jqua, tejs wls, ofr l t jna,

tea nfst cfnnf` klcbylrg ofwm j` tea QS. Wea nlj` ralsf` ofr tea

kraag‚s pfpumlrjty wls telt jt pfssassag l vary elrgy cf`stjtutjf`l`g cfumg tearaofra ka bapt lt mjttma axpa`sa ky ava` tea pffrast fo

rurlm olnjmjas. Ealvy pmunlia prftactag tea kjrgs orfn tea wfrst

fo tea waltear, l`g teajr glrb l`g mjiet jrraiumlr oaltear cfmfurjì

nlga tean prlctjclmmy j`vjsjkma wea` scrltcejì j` selgag lrals

eampjì prftact tean orfn pragltfrs.

Wea oaltearjì js klrrag l`g vary sjnjmlr tf telt ofu`g j` tea

Xmynfute [fcb (saa plia 91). Wea nlmas lra iaàrlmmy mjietar j`

nlrbjì tel` tea oanlmas, kut j` kfte saxas, tea mjiet klr sefumg

lmwlys ka wjgar tel` tea glrb. Weara js `f cfmfur vlrjltjf`. Wea cfnk

wea` vjawag orfn tea tfp sefumg stlrt rfu`gag lt tea orf`t kaofra

lrjì fut tf tea sjgas l`g `lmmy rfu`gjì klcb tf tea spjba. Wea

nfgar` kjrg js gulm-purpfsa, prfvjgjì nalt l`g mlyjì l nagjun-

sjzag mjiet krfw` aii.

LN[FCBWea Lnrfcb frjij`ltas orfn tea QS l`g js l gulm-purpfsa utj mjty

kjrg telt wls gavamfpag orfn tea Xmynfute [fcb (saa plia 91).

@fwlglys, jt js bapt nlj`my ky ol`cjars, wef olvfur jt kaclusa jt cl`

kacfna vary tlna wjte clraoum el`gmjì. Jt js mass mjbamy tf if krffgy

tel` sfna fo tea ftear ealvy kraags l`g jt mlys l iffg qul`tjty fo

mlria krfw` aiis.

Wea Lnrfcb js l el`gsfna kjrg, gaap l`g rfu`gag j` selpa. Jts

cfmfurjì js sjnjmlr tf telt fo tea Xmynfute [fcb l`g Nlrl` (saaplia ??), kut tea klrrag nlrbjìs lra u`jqua j` telt tea cfcb kjrg els

wejta l`g kmlcb klrs fo aqulm wjgte, wejma f` tea ea` tea kmlcb klrs

lra twjca ls krflg ls tea wejta fàs. Wea cfnk js sjìma, l`g iffg

spacjna`s elva yammfw mais, lmtefuie tefsa fo tea ea`s wjmm olga tf

lmnfst wejta gurjì parjfgs fo j`ta`sa mlyjì.

J` tea QS, prjfr tf tea <:;8s, l`y ―klrrag cfmfurag‚ kjrgs wara

b`fw` ls Xmynfute [fcbs l`g wara ajtear mjiet fr glrb j` cfmfur.

Yea` tea QS sjnpmjag jts axejkjtjf` stl`glrg tf lccapt f`my tea

glrbar typa, tea iaàtjcs ofu`g j` tea mjietar klrrag kjrgs waraj`cfrpfrltag j`tf cfnnarcjlm pfumtry mjàs. Weasa wara ijva` tea

`lna ―Lnrfcb‚ puramy ls l nlrbatjì tffm ofr jnpfrtjì tean j`tf

Aurfpa. J` raca`t yalrs Aurfpal` kraagars elva stlrtag sefwjì

tean l`g kraag cmuks elva kaa` ofrnag j` savarlm cfu`trjas.

LKF_A Ealvy pmunlia prftacts tea kjrgs orfn tea

wfrst fo tea waltear.

O

N



17 CEJCBA@ K[AAGS

K[LENL

Yejma tea nfst cfnnf`my saa` Krlenl j`

nl`y cfu`trjas js tea numtjpma-pa`cjmmagplrtrjgia fr trjpma-mlcag vlrjaty, ftear

cfmfurs j`cmuga mjiet, glrb, Cfmunkjl`,

kuoo Cfmunkjl`, cucbff, kjrcea`, wejta

l`g ifmg. Ifmg cfcb kjrgs elva imfssy

kmlcb kralsts, mais l`g tlj ms, wejma tea

ea`s elva gamjclta kmlcb nlrbjìs f` l

ifmg irfu`g cfmfur.

Wea Krlenl frjij`ltag j` J`gjl l`g

ralceag tea QB j` tea njg-<518s, kut wlsracfrgag j` tea QS rfuiemy l gaclga alrmjar.

Yea` tea kjrgs wara rst j`trfgucag tf tea

QB, teay wara b`fw` ls Krlenl Xfutrls

l`g wara l iralt olvfurjta fo Xrj`ca Lmkart.

Sfnatjnas b`fw` ls tea ―bjì fo cejcba`s‚

kaclusa fo teajr iralt sjza – tea cfcbs cl`wajie 1bi (<<mk) – Krlenls lra prfousamy

oaltearag, stljg l`g nltrf`my j` lppalrl`ca.

Wea oaat l`g mais lra ealvjmy oaltearag l`g

tea cfnk js trjpma fr pal. Ofr l ealvy kraag,

tea ea`s mly l surprjsjì ùnkar fo mjiet-

krfw` aiis alce yalr kut, ls js fota` tea

clsa wjte mlria vlrjatjas, teasa lra ramltjvamy

snlmm. Q`mjba nl`y typas fo pfumtry, weara

fà cfcb kjrg cl` alsjmy oartjmjza sjx fr nfraea`s, Krlenls lra kast bapt ls trjfs jo yfu

j`ta`g kraagjì tean.

CLNXJ@ASMjba tea Mjiet Sussax (saa plia 57), [efga

Jsml`g [ag (plia 99) l`g l oaw ftear wamm-

b`fw` kraags, tea Ifmg Clnpjà els kaa`

usag fvar tea yalrs tf prfguca l ramjlkma

sax-mj`bag kraag cfnnarcjlmmy b`fw` ls

tea Clnklr. Ls l pura kraag, tea Clnpjà

js saa` j` twf cfmfurs4 ifmg l`g sjmvar. Weagjooara`ca j` cfmfurjì js nfst cmalrmy saa`

j` tea ealg l`g àcb oaltears, lmtefuie

tea ifmg l`g sjmvar gf parnalta terfuie

tea kfgy oaltears, wejce lra pragfnj`l`tmy

klrrag wjte kaatma-iraa`.

Lmtefuie teay lra iffg mlyars, Clnpjàs

lra cf`sjgarag nfra ls fr`lna`tlm j` tea

QS l`g lra oaw a`fuie j` ùnkar tf ka

cmlssjag ls ―rlra‚ j` tea QB, gaspjta kajìsuocja`tmy pfpumlr tf elva elg teajr fw`

kraag sfcjaty j` tea mlta <:te ca`tury.

Fà fo teajr nfst ftlkma celrlctarjstjcs

js tea cfcb kjrg‚s vary ―ea`-mjba‚ selpa. Jt

mlcbs tea mfì, curvag tljm, slggma l`g elcbma

oaltears `frnlmmy saa` j` nlmas l`g, lt l

qujcb iml`ca, cfumg ka njstlba` ofr l ea`.

Clnpjàs lra iaàrlmmy tefuiet tf elva

frjij`ltag lrfu`g L`twarp j` Kamijun.Efwavar, Clrfm Ablrjus‚s raca`t kffb

Xfcbatoum fo Xfumtry suiiasts telt teay lra

gasca`gag orfn tea Aiyptjl` Olyfunj, l

snlmm kraag wejce els kaa` ralrag lmfì tea

kl`bs fo tea [jvar @jma ofr nl`y ca`turjas.

Na`tjf` nust lmsf ka nlga eara fo l`ftear

Kamijl` kraag, tea Krlabam, wejce js sjnjmlr

tf tea Clnpjà j` lmm raspacts axcapt sjza4

tea Krlabam js tea mlriar fo tea twf.

O

N



CEJCBA@ K[AAGS 99

[EFGA JSML@G [AGB`fw` sjnpmy ls tea [efga Jsml`g j` jts `ltjva QSL, tejs kraag js iaàrlmmy ijva` tea

suox ―[ag‚ j` tea QB l`g j` ftear cfu`trjas weara l wejta vlrjaty js lmsf ofu`g. J` tea ragstrlj`s tea cfnk cl` ka ajtear sjìma (nfst cfnnf`my saa`) fr l rfsa, kut j` tea wejta

l rfsa cfnk js cf`sjgarag nfra cfrract. Cfòusjìmy, j` tea QSL wejtas l`g rags lra

railrgag ls twf gjoo ara`t kraags. Wea rag vlrjaty js nuce glrbar j` cfmfur tel` tea @aw

Elnpsejra [ag (saa plia ?:) kut js ftearwjsa vary sjnjmlr j` stl`ca l`g ofrnltjf`.

Wea [efga Jsml`g [ag frjij`ltag ls l rasumt fo crfssjì tea [ag Nlmly Ilna l`g ftear

Lsjltjc stfcb, tfiatear wjte tea Maiefr`. F` tea ftear el`g, [efga Jsml`g Yejtas lra tea

rasumt fo crfssas katwaa` Xlrtrjgia Cfcej`s, Yejta Yyl`gfttas l`g [fsa-Cfnk Yejta

Maiefr`s. Sfna fo tea alrmy kraagars kamjavag telt tea rag vlrjaty wls tea kattar mlyar fo tea

twf cfmfurs, kut teara js `f sfmjg ofu`gltjf` tf tejs kamjao. Sfnawelt kjzlrramy, [efga Jsml`g[ags wara axpfrtag tf Aurfpa ls gulm-purpfsa kjrgs mfì kaofra teay wara ijva` stl`glrg

racfi`jtjf` j` teajr cfu`try fo frjij` l`g, ls l rasumt, teajr iaàtjc kujmg-up cl` stjmm ka

ofu`g j` nl`y fo tfgly‚s cfnnarcjlm eykrjgs. Wea kl`tln varsjf` wls gavamfpag nlj`my j`

Iarnl`y l`g tea QB, weara teay wara craltag ky nltjì mlria-ofwm [efga Jsml`g [ags wjte

ftear kl`tln kraags. Mjba tea mlria ofwm, tea kl`tln sefumg cfòfrn tf tea ―krjcb-selpa‚

lppalrl`ca – telt js, wea` vjawjì orfn tea sjga, jt sefumg ka pfssjkma tf pmlca jts kfgy j`tf

l` jnlij`lry squlra.

[efga Jsml`g [ags lra elrgy l`g elppy tf lglpt tf lmnfst l`y ealmtey surrfu`gjìs. Weasa

ejiemy-racfnna`gag kjrgs lra lmsf axcamma`t mlyars fo mjiet-krfw` aiis.

MAOW [efga Jsml`g [ags

cl` mly nfra aiis tel`

l`y ftear pura-kraag ea`.

ON





YELW WF CF@SJGA[ ::



<87 EFQSJ@I & CMAL@J@I

;<st-CA@WQ[Z EFQSJ@I

Qrkl` cejcba` baapjì js l nlssjva

àw mjoastyma tra`g, suppfrtag ky gfza`s

fo j``fvltjva prfgucts j`cmugjì tea

kast-sammjì ―Aimu‚ – tea cffp ofr trumy

cejc cejcba`s

Mfì ifà lra tea glys wea` jt wls f`my

ratjrag na` wef bapt l`g krag cejcba`s

ls l efkky. J` tea QB, cejcba` baapjì

trlgjtjf`lmmy tffb pmlca lt tea a`g fo tea

ilrga` kayf`g tea vaiatlkma pltce fr, jo tea

j`gjvjgulm mfclm cfu`cjm lmmfwag, f` l cfu`cjmlmmftna`t. B`fwmagialkma tefuie teasa

j`gjvjgulms wara (l`g wjtefut tean tfgly‚s

kraagj i mjàs l`g iaàtjcs wfumg ka nuce

tea pffrar), teay wara teansamvas l ―rlra

kraag‚, saa` f`my lt pfumtry cmuk l`g cfu`ty

lirjcumturlm sefws. @fwlglys, cejcba`

baapjì js cejc l`g a`dfys tea pltrf`lia

fo yfuì l`g fmg, nlma l`g oanlma, cfu`try

gwammar fr cjty smjcbar, sefw a`teusjlst l`glnltaur gavftaa wef wl`ts `ftejì nfra

tel` l` aii ofr kralbolst. Axparts l`lmysjì

tea curra`t tra`g kamjava jt els nuce tf gf

wjte `l`cjlm elrg tjnas l`g tea iaàrlm

nfva tfwlrgs samo-suocja`cy, kut jt js

nfra sjnpma tel` telt – cejcba` baapjì

js alsy, pmalsurlkma, ramlxjì l`g, f`ca

tea assa`tjlms elva kaa` purcelsag,

ramltjvamy cealp.Jt njiet ka tefuiet telt nlbjì yfur fw`

cejcba`-efusa l`g ru` wfumg prfva nfra

cfst-aooactjva tel` kuyjì l u jt ralgy-

nlga, kut tejs js rlramy tea clsa. Cfnnarcjlm

pfumtry-efusjì nlùolcturars elva djis,

prfoassjf`lm tffms, pravjfus b`fwmagia l`g

lccass tf jnpfrtars‚ gjscfu`ts ls l rasumt fo

kuyjì teajr tjnkar j` kumb, sf jt wjmm cartlj`my

ply tf saa welt teay elva f` fooar. Wea`, fo

cfursa, teara lra cejcba` u`jts `ft nlga

orfn wffg lt lmm, kut j`stalg cf`structag

fo ealvy-guty pmlstjc, fo wejce tea ―Aimu‚

js parelps tea kast b`fw`. Lmtefuie teay

elva teajr gatrlctfrs wef cmljn telt l

pmlstjc efusa js nfra alsjmy kmfw` fvar j`

tea wj`g l`g js sukdact tf cf`ga`sltjf`,

teay àvarteamass, elva nl`y lgvl`tliasfvar wffg cf`structjf`s, ft tea malst

fo wejce nust ka teajr eyijaà kaàts.

Weajr mjietàss cl` lmsf ka l` lgvl`tlia

j` telt teay cl` ka alsjmy nfvag lrfu`g

tea ilrga` fr, jo àcasslry, clrrjag rfu`g

tf l àjiekfur‚s efusa tf ka mffbag lotar

wea` yfu‚ra lwly orfn efna. Lt malst fà

nlbar cl` suppmy teasa cfnkjàg efusa

l`g ru`s ls ajtear lt-plcbs ofr efnalssankmy, fr gamjvarag l`g j`stlmmag ky l

―cejcba` celuooaur‚ wef wjmm, jo lsbag, tamm tea

purcelsar l mjttma fo welt teay àag tf b`fw

lkfut iaàrlm cejcba` baapjì. Jt js lmsf

pfssjkma ofr rns tf suppmy kjrgs tf if wjte

teajr u`jts.

Lmtefuie parelps smjietmy nfra axpa`sjva

tel` trlgjtjf`lm u jts, teasa stlta-fo-tea-lrt

varsjf`s lra ga`jtamy alsy tf cmal` l`g cl`

ka prassura-wlseag f` l raiumlr klsjs (dust

jp up l cltce, mjot fo o tea tfp, ranfva tea

parceas l`g lwly yfu if)2 wejmst tea gljmy

cefra fo cmalrjì tea grfppjìs js alsjmy

lcejavag ky sjnpmy smjgjì fut tea ffr l`ganptyj i jts cf`ta`ts f`tf tea cfnpfst

ealp. Lmm efusjì u`jts lra raputagmy

pragltfr-prffo (tea ru`s kajì cmlssag

naramy ls pragltfr ―rasjstl`t‚) l`g cfna

j` l vlrjaty fo cfmfurs, sf teara‚s lmnfst

cartlj`my fà telt wjmm nltce yfur efusa

plj`t fr cfnpmana`t yfur frlm kmffns! Jt js

fkvjfus orfn teajr nlùolctura telt l iralt

galm fo tefuiet els kaa` j`cfrpfrltag j`tfteajr gasji` l`g suce nfgar` efusjì nly

prfva tf ka l` axcamma`t cefjca ofr rst-tjna

[JIEW Q`mjba wffga` efusas, tea aimu gfas`‚t raqujra

l`y mfì-tarn nlj`ta`l`ca, dust raiumlr cmal`jì.



CEFFSJ@I WEA K[AAG <<1

NLJ@WA@L@CA FO WEA

EFQSA L@G [Q@

Ls wjte nfst aqujpna`t, tea raiumlr

nlj`ta`l`ca fo pfumtry efusas l`g ru`s wjmm

a`sura telt teay mlst ofr yalrs. Ky rapmlcjì

l mffsa kflrg, ra-stlpmjì l pjaca fo sliijì

wjra àttjì, fjmjì ej ias l`g raiumlrmy

traltjì lmm axpfsag wffgwfrb wjte l

prasarvlt jva, yfu cl` axta`g tea mjoa fo teasa

cfnpfà`ts lmnfst j`ga`jtamy.

Fkvjfusmy, l`y wffg prasarvltjvas

nust `ft cf`tlj` ceanjclm cfnpfu`gs

telt lra mjbamy tf ka elrnoum tf tea kjrgs,

sf jt js ls wamm tf ralg tea j`structjf s f`

tea plcblijì clraoummy kaofra nlbjì l

purcelsa.

Yjte tea nldfrjty fo nfgar` prfgucts

jt js pfssjkma tf tralt tea ea`-efusa kfte

j`sjga l`g fut, l`g tea` lmmfw tea cejcba`s

tf ratur` efna dust ls sff` ls tea wffg

js gry.

J` lggjtjf` tf ceacbjì tea ea`-efusajtsamo, parjfgjclmmy j`spact tea parjnatar fo

yfur ru`s ofr kralbs j` tea oa`cjì terfuie

wejce l pragltfr cfumg ilj` lccass.

Lmtefuie iffg-qulmjty krl`gs fo cejcba`

wjra wjmm mlst ofr up tf ;8 yalrs, sfna jòarjfr

fàs lra nlga fo mfwar-iluia wjra l`g lra

`ft ilmvl`jzag qujta ls tefrfuiemy.

Jt js l iffg jgal tf baap tea oa`ca oraa

fo vaiatltjf` sf telt l`y efmas lra nfraalsjmy `ftjcag.

FXXFSJWA Zfu sefumg ljn tf ranfva grfppjìs l`g

raorase ffr mjttar ls fota` ls yfu cl` tf prava`t teaspralg fo gjsalsa.

[JIEW Baap yfur cejcba`s futsjga wejma yfu lra

cmal`jì l`g rapljrjì teajr efusa.



<;? OAAGJ@I CEJCBA@S

K[FFGZ EA@S

L krffgy ea alts vary mjttma wea sea jssjttjì, l`g raqujras `ft nuce nfra tel`

l sjnpma gjat fo njxag cfr`, wjte pma`ty fo

nljza tf nlj`tlj` kfgy nlss l g wlrnte,

lmfì wjte orase grj`bjì wltar. @f ftear

spacjc ùtrja`ts lra raqujrag. Jo oag irlj`

sea wjmm lmsf prfguca rnar grfppjìs,

nlbjì ear mass mjbamy tf ofum ear àst.

CEJCBSAva` jo yfu elva l efna-prfgucag fr fril`jc

oaagjì prfirlnna j` nj`g, gf `ft ka

tanptag tf ralr yfuì cejcbs f` efusaefmg

scrlps. Yjtefut tea cfrract prftaj` mavams lt

tejs stlia, teay lra mjbamy tf gja fr kacfna

u`gar`furjseag. Xrfprjatlry cejcb crunkslra assa`tjlm, kaclusa teay cf`tlj` `ft f`my

lmm tea ùtrjtjf`lm raqujrana`ts, kut lmsf

sfna àcasslry nagjcj`lm lggjtjvas

(ofr axlnpma tf cfnklt cfccjgjfsjs, – saa

plia <?1).

I[FYA[S

Xrfprjatlry irfwars‚ rlt jf`s lra tea nfst

sa`sjkma fptjf` ofr irfwjì kjrgs. Weay elval mfwar prftaj` l`g vjtlnj` cf`ta`t tel`

cejcb offgs. Xummats nust `ft ka fvaroag fr

ijva` tff nuce prftaj`, fr teay wjmm irfw tff

qujcbmy wejma stjmm kajì jnnltura j`tar`lmmy.

Wejs wjmm clusa vlrjfus aii-mlyjì prfkmans

l`g pfssjkmy l plrtjlm nfumt lt pfj`t-fo-mly(saa plia <?8).

MLZA[S

Kuy l iffg klml`cag mlyars‚ rltjf` telt

prfvjgas lrfu`g <9 par ca`t prftaj`, l`g oaag

jt ajtear ls l cflrsa-irfu`g nlse fr pammats.

Irlj` l`g ftear mfw-prftaj` offgs sefumg `ft

ka ijva` wjte mlyars‚ oaags, ls teajr lggjtjf`

wjmm u`klml`ca tea nlùolcturar‚s clraoummyavfmvag ofrnuml, lmtefuie j` prlctjca tejs

lppalrs tf gf mjttma fr `f elrn tf tea snlmm,

`f`-cfnnarcjlm fcb.

LKF_A Cejcb crunks cl` usulmmy ka pelsag fut lt lrfu`g teraa fr ofur waabs, kut

sfna j`krag strlj`s fr gamjclta trua kl`tlns nly raqujra mfìar.



OAAGJ@I CEJCBA@S <1:



Mjoastyma/@lturlm Ejstfry Baapjì cejcba`s js l

pfpumlr l`g irfwjì

plstjna, sf `g fut lmm

yfu àag tf b`fw j`

tejs nust-elva kffb

QB £<7.::

QS $<:.::

(Cl` $;3.::)

T9<31

JSK@-<34 :95-8-9<13-3?;1-8JSK@-<84 8-9<13-3?;1-5

Cfvars avarytejì orfn aii-mlyjì tf alsa fo

baapjì ofr fvar 98 gjooara`t kraags Gjscfvar efw tf sat up l`g nlj`tlj` l ealmtey

ea` efusa tf baap yfur cejcba`s wlrn,gry l`g sloa orfn pragltfrs

Xrlctjclm lgvjca f` eyijaà, gjsalsa l`gealmteclra a`suras telt yfur fcb js lmwlys j`

prjstjà sefw cf`gjtjf` Malr` lkfut krffgy kjrgs l`g aii j`cukltjf`,

l`g ralr l àw iaàrltjf` fo cejcbs tf krjietaùp yfur ilrga`

”Yeatear yfu pml` tf baap cejcba`s ofr aiis fr

nalt, tejs prlctjclm iujga cfvars lmm tea jssuas yfu

àag tf cf`sjgar rst.„

Gavf` Mjoa

Documents

Keeping Chickens by Jeremy Hobson and Celia Lewis