Kazakh (in Arabic Script)

Letters of the Alphabet

Initial Medial Final Alone Romanization

a ا ا ا ا ä ٵ -- -- ٵ

b ب ب ب ب v ۆ ۆ ۆ ۆ g گ گ گ گ ğ ع ع ع ع d د د د د e ه ه ه ه j ج ج ج ج z ز ز ز ز y ي ي ي ي k ك ك ك ك q ق ق ق ق l ل ل ل ل m م م م م n ن ن ن ن ñ ڭ ڭ ڭ ڭ o و و و و ö ٶ -- -- ٶ

p پ پ پ پ r ر ر ر ر s س س س س t ت ت ت ت w ۋ ۋ ۋ ۋ u ۇ ۇ ۇ ۇ ü ٴۇ -- -- ٴۇ

f ف ف ف ف x ح ح ح ح h ه ه ه ه č چ چ چ چ š ش ش ش ش i ى ى ى ى

Initial Medial Final Alone Romanization

ï ىٴ -- -- ىٴ

ʼ (alif) ٴ -- -- ٴ

RULES OF APPLICATION

Letters Which May Be Romanized in Different Ways Depending on Their Context

1. When a hamzah appears as part of the vowel ٵ (ä), ٶ (ö), ٴۇ (ü), or ىٴ (ï), it is not romanized separately. When a high hamzah ( ٴ ) appears with any other letter at the beginning of a word, it is romanized as alif ( ʼ ).

är رٵözi ىزٶüšinši ىشنىشٴۇïlim مىلىٴ

but

ʼmalim مىلامٴʼsoz زوسٴʼtubir رىبۇتٴʼtili ىلىتٴ

2. Romanize foreign words that occur in a Kazakh context and are written in Kazakh letters according to these rules for romanizing Kazakh.

evfemyzm مزيمهفۆه

3. Follow the rules for the capitalization of English.