Katina Peck7th Grade Science

WeatherWhat the outside air is like at a certain

place and time.Weather can be described as:

o How hot or cold it is,o How wet or dry it is,o How many clouds are in the sky, ando How windy it is.

ClimateWhat the weather of a place is like over a long

time. Just think how the weather is different for each season of the year. Lots of different things can affect what the climate is such as:How much sunlight, wind and water a place

gets,Mountains, oceans and rivers that are in an

area,What the soil is like, and the kind of plants that are growing.

MeteorologistScientists who study weather and climate are

called meteorologists.

Meteorologists measure a lot of different things that make up the weather such as:• Precipitation• Wind• Temperature

PrecipitationThe amount of rain and/or snow that falls.

HumidityThe amount of water in the air.

WindMeteorologists study what direction the wind

is coming from and how fast the wind is blowing.

TemperatureThe temperature of the air.The temperature of the ground/soil.The temperature of water (oceans and lakes).

TechnologySatellites

Orbits Earth taking pictures of clouds from space.Computers

Use data to create forecasts.Barometers

Measures air pressure.Thermometers

Measures temperature.Rain gauges

Measures precipitation.Anemometer

Measures wind speed.Radar

Uses radio signals to determine where precipitation is falling and how fast clouds are moving.

Air PressureAir pressure depends on the density of air,

or how close together its molecules are. Air lower in the atmosphere is more dense

than air above, so air pressure down low is greater than air pressure higher up.

Temperature affects air pressure:In cold air, the molecules are more closely

packed together.In warm air, the molecules are further apart. Cold air is denser!!!

Rising and Sinking of AirWarm air is less dense, so it rises.

Cold air is denser, so it sinks.

WindWind often moves from areas where it’s

colder to areas where it’s warmer.

The larger the temperature difference, the stronger the wind.