kanun patrika-Sawon 2066 - Supreme Court of Nepalo g+= *!!& ;fpg, @)^^ –)))^ _ jf

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lg0f{o g+= *!!$ ;fpg, @)^^

;jf]{Rr cbfnt, laz]if Ohnf;dfggLo GofofwLz >L /fdk|;fb >]i7

dfggLo GofofwLz >L /fds'df/k|;fb zfxdfggLo GofofwLz >L ;'zLnf sfsL{

d'2f g+= )^$–WS–))##cfb]z ldltM @)^%.!!.!%.%

d'2fM– pTk|]if0f k/dfb]z ;d]t .l/6 lgj]bsM– sf7df8f}+ lhNnf hf]/kf6Luf=lj=;= jf8{ @ j:g] s]bf/ d}gfnL

lj?4ljkIfLM–;~rfns ;ldlt, /fli6«o afl0fHo a}+s

s]Gb|Lo sfof{no ;d]t

§ ;dfgtfsf ] xssf ] k |yd zt {;dfgtfsf ] xssf ] k |yd zt {;dfgtfsf ] xssf ] k |yd zt {;dfgtfsf ] xssf ] k |yd zt {;dfgtfsf ] xssf ] k |yd zt {sfg"gsf] b[li6df cyf{t\ sfg"gsf]sfg"gsf] b[li6df cyf{t\ sfg"gsf]sfg"gsf] b[li6df cyf{t\ sfg"gsf]sfg"gsf] b[li6df cyf{t\ sfg"gsf]sfg"gsf] b[li6df cyf{t\ sfg"gsf];dfgtfk "0 f { gL lt / Jojxf/sf ];dfgtfk "0 f { gL lt / Jojxf/sf ];dfgtfk "0 f { gL lt / Jojxf/sf ];dfgtfk "0 f { gL lt / Jojxf/sf ];dfgtfk "0 f { gL lt / Jojxf/sf ];'lglZrttfdf x'g] .;'lglZrttfdf x'g] .;'lglZrttfdf x'g] .;'lglZrttfdf x'g] .;'lglZrttfdf x'g] .

-k|s/0f g+=^_§ /fHoåf/ f gful/ssf ;DaGwdf/ fHoåf/ f gful/ssf ;DaGwdf/ fHoåf/ f gful/ssf ;DaGwdf/ fHoåf/ f gful/ssf ;DaGwdf/ fHoåf/ f gful/ssf ;DaGwdf

ul/g] Jojxf/, pknAw x'g] ;'ljwf,ul/g] Jojxf/, pknAw x'g] ;'ljwf,ul/g] Jojxf/, pknAw x'g] ;'ljwf,ul/g] Jojxf/, pknAw x'g] ;'ljwf,ul/g] Jojxf/, pknAw x'g] ;'ljwf,cj;/ cflbdf lje]b ug{ gx'g] .cj;/ cflbdf lje]b ug{ gx'g] .cj;/ cflbdf lje]b ug{ gx'g] .cj;/ cflbdf lje]b ug{ gx'g] .cj;/ cflbdf lje]b ug{ gx'g] .

§ gful/ssf] ;dfgtfsf] xs eGgfn]gful/ssf] ;dfgtfsf] xs eGgfn]gful/ssf] ;dfgtfsf] xs eGgfn]gful/ssf] ;dfgtfsf] xs eGgfn]gful/ssf] ;dfgtfsf] xs eGgfn];dfgx¿sf aLrdf ;dfg /;dfgx¿sf aLrdf ;dfg /;dfgx¿sf aLrdf ;dfg /;dfgx¿sf aLrdf ;dfg /;dfgx¿sf aLrdf ;dfg /c;dfgx¿sf aLrdf c;dfgc;dfgx¿sf aLrdf c;dfgc;dfgx¿sf aLrdf c;dfgc;dfgx¿sf aLrdf c;dfgc;dfgx¿sf aLrdf c;dfgJojxf/ ug'{ kg]{ eGg] x'g] .Jojxf/ ug'{ kg]{ eGg] x'g] .Jojxf/ ug'{ kg]{ eGg] x'g] .Jojxf/ ug'{ kg]{ eGg] x'g] .Jojxf/ ug'{ kg]{ eGg] x'g] .

-k|s/0f g+=&_§ P]g lgoddf ePsf] Joj:yfnfO{ gofFP]g lgoddf ePsf] Joj:yfnfO{ gofFP]g lgoddf ePsf] Joj:yfnfO{ gofFP]g lgoddf ePsf] Joj:yfnfO{ gofFP]g lgoddf ePsf] Joj:yfnfO{ gofF

P ]g lgodn ] h ] hlt xb;DdP ]g lgodn ] h ] hlt xb;DdP ]g lgodn ] h ] hlt xb;DdP ]g lgodn ] h ] hlt xb;DdP ]g lgodn ] h ] hlt xb;Ddlg/Gt/tf, arfp jf ;+/If0f u/]sf]lg/Gt/tf, arfp jf ;+/If0f u/]sf]lg/Gt/tf, arfp jf ;+/If0f u/]sf]lg/Gt/tf, arfp jf ;+/If0f u/]sf]lg/Gt/tf, arfp jf ;+/If0f u/]sf]5, ;f ] xb;Dd dfq sfod /xg]5, ;f ] xb;Dd dfq sfod /xg]5, ;f ] xb;Dd dfq sfod /xg]5, ;f ] xb;Dd dfq sfod /xg]5, ;f ] xb;Dd dfq sfod /xg]x f ] . ;f ] afx ]s k ' / fgf ] vf/ ]hxf ] . ;f ] afx ]s k ' / fgf ] vf/ ]hxf ] . ;f ] afx ]s k ' / fgf ] vf/ ]hxf ] . ;f ] afx ]s k ' / fgf ] vf/ ]hxf ] . ;f ] afx ]s k ' / fgf ] vf/ ]he };s ]sf ] P ]g lgodsf ] Joj:yfe };s ]sf ] P ]g lgodsf ] Joj:yfe };s ]sf ] P ]g lgodsf ] Joj:yfe };s ]sf ] P ]g lgodsf ] Joj:yfe };s ]sf ] P ]g lgodsf ] Joj:yfsfod /xg g;Sg] .sfod /xg g;Sg] .sfod /xg g;Sg] .sfod /xg g;Sg] .sfod /xg g;Sg] .

§ k'/fgf] lgodsf] Joj:yfnfO{ gofF P]gk'/fgf] lgodsf] Joj:yfnfO{ gofF P]gk'/fgf] lgodsf] Joj:yfnfO{ gofF P]gk'/fgf] lgodsf] Joj:yfnfO{ gofF P]gk'/fgf] lgodsf] Joj:yfnfO{ gofF P]glgodn] lg/Gt/tf, arfp jf ;+/If0flgodn] lg/Gt/tf, arfp jf ;+/If0flgodn] lg/Gt/tf, arfp jf ;+/If0flgodn] lg/Gt/tf, arfp jf ;+/If0flgodn] lg/Gt/tf, arfp jf ;+/If0flbPsf]df klg To;kl5 cfPsf] P]glbPsf]df klg To;kl5 cfPsf] P]glbPsf]df klg To;kl5 cfPsf] P]glbPsf]df klg To;kl5 cfPsf] P]glbPsf]df klg To;kl5 cfPsf] P]glgodn] ;f ] lg/Gt/tf, arfp jflgodn] ;f ] lg/Gt/tf, arfp jflgodn] ;f ] lg/Gt/tf, arfp jflgodn] ;f ] lg/Gt/tf, arfp jflgodn] ;f ] lg/Gt/tf, arfp jf;+/If0fsf] Joj:yf sfod /fv]g eg];+/If0fsf] Joj:yf sfod /fv]g eg];+/If0fsf] Joj:yf sfod /fv]g eg];+/If0fsf] Joj:yf sfod /fv]g eg];+/If0fsf] Joj:yf sfod /fv]g eg]To;/L lg/Gt/tf, arfp jf ;+/If0fTo;/L lg/Gt/tf, arfp jf ;+/If0fTo;/L lg/Gt/tf, arfp jf ;+/If0fTo;/L lg/Gt/tf, arfp jf ;+/If0fTo;/L lg/Gt/tf, arfp jf ;+/If0fug{ 5f8]sf ] ldltb]lv ;f] Joj:yfug{ 5f8]sf ] ldltb]lv ;f] Joj:yfug{ 5f8]sf ] ldltb]lv ;f] Joj:yfug{ 5f8]sf ] ldltb]lv ;f] Joj:yfug{ 5f8]sf ] ldltb]lv ;f] Joj:yf:jtM vf/]h eP ;/x x'g] .:jtM vf/]h eP ;/x x'g] .:jtM vf/]h eP ;/x x'g] .:jtM vf/]h eP ;/x x'g] .:jtM vf/]h eP ;/x x'g] .

-k|s/0f g+=*_

lgj]bs tkm{jf6M ljåfg jl/i7 clwjQmfåos[i0fk|;fb e08f/L / ab|Laxfb'/ sfsL{Pj+ ljåfg clwjQmfx¿ s]bf/ d}gfnL,lqnf]rg uf}td, xl/k|;fb pk|]tL, aunf/]UdL

ljkIfL tkm{jf6M ljåfg clwjQmfx¿ k"0f{dfg zfSo,ef]nfgfy 9'+ufgf, /d]z sfsL{, dfwjjf:sf]6f, ;'/h clwsf/L, g/xl/ cfrfo{,k|]dk|;fb kf08] / xl/s'df/ g]kfn

cjnlDjt ghL/M§ ;c a'n]l6g, @)^@, jif{ !@, cÍ @$, k[i7 !*§ g]sfk @)%#, lg0f{o g+=^!*(, k[i7 #%*§ @)%^ ;fnsf] l/6 g+= ##*(,§ @)%^ ;fnsf] l/6 g+= #!(!,§ g]sfk @)%!, cÍ #, lg0f{o g+=$*&%, k[i7 !$#;Da4 sfg"gM§ a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yf;DaGwL cWofb]z,

@)^! sf] bkmf (!§ /fli6«o afl0fHo a}+s sd{rf/L lgodfjnL,

@)@# sf] lgod #$-!_§ /fli6«o afl0fHo a}+s sd{rf/L lgodfjnL,

@)## sf] lgod (, #$, *&,§ /fli6«o afl0fHo a}+s sd{rf/L -;]jf zt{_

lgodfjnL, @)$# sf] lgod #$, (#§ /fli6«o afl0fHo a}+s sd{rf/L lgodfjnL,

@)%) sf] lgod %^, !)(, !!*

*!!$ *!!$ *!!$ *!!$ *!!$ - s]bf/ d}gfnL lj=/f=jf a} +s s]=sf= ;d]ts]bf/ d}gfnL lj=/f=jf a} +s s]=sf= ;d]ts]bf/ d}gfnL lj=/f=jf a} +s s]=sf= ;d]ts]bf/ d}gfnL lj=/f=jf a} +s s]=sf= ;d]ts]bf/ d}gfnL lj=/f=jf a} +s s]=sf= ;d]t

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g]kfng]kfng]kfng]kfng]kfn sfg"gsfg"gsfg"gsfg"gsfg"g klqsf,klqsf,klqsf,klqsf,klqsf, @)^^@)^^@)^^@)^^@)^^, ;fpg, ;fpg, ;fpg, ;fpg, ;fpg

cfb]zGof=/fdk|;fb >]i7 MGof=/fdk|;fb >]i7 MGof=/fdk|;fb >]i7 MGof=/fdk|;fb >]i7 MGof=/fdk|;fb >]i7 M g]kfnsf] cGtl/d

;+ljwfg, @)^# sf] wf/f #@ tyf wf/f !)&-!_-@_adf]lhd o; cbfntdf bfo/ x'g cfPsf] k|:t'td'2fsf] ;+lIfKt tYo Pj+ 7x/ o; k|sf/ 5M–

d lgj]bs ljkIfL afl0fHo a}+sdf ldlt@)#$.@.@ sf] kqcg';f/ P] @$ ut]b]lv ;]jfk|j]z u/L #) jif{ ;]jf cjlw k'u]sf] sf/0fn]@)^$.@.@$ af6 clgjfo{ cjsfz lbOPsf] afl0fHoa}+ssf] k"j{ sd{rf/L x'F . ;]jf k|j]z ubf{ a}+sn]dnfO{ lbPsf] lgo'lQm kqdf tkfO{sf] ;]jf zt{;'ljwf / xs /fli6«o afl0fHo a}+s lgodfjnL,@)@# cg';f/ x'g]5 egL pNn]v ePsf] / ljkIfL/fli6«o afl0fHo a}+sn] g]kfn /fi6« a}+ssf] :jLs[ltlnO{ agfPsf] sd{rf/L ;]jf ljlgodfjnL, @)^!sf] lgod %# sf] k|fjwfgcg';f/ ldlt @)^$.@.@$af6 d lgj]bsnfO{ ;]jf cjlw #) jif{ k'u]sf]sf/0f clgjfo{ cjsfz lbOPsf] / pd]/sf] xb^) jif{ dfq sfod u/L k]G;g lbg] egL @)^$.#.!$df lg0f{o u/]sf]n] ;f] s'/fdf lrQ ga'emL a}+ssd{rf/L ljlgodfjnL, @)^! sf] lgod !!( dfsd{rf/Lsf] lgo'lQm x'Fbf sfod lghsf] ;]jf zt{/ cGo ;'ljwf lghnfO{ dsf{ kg]{ u/L ablng] 5}gegL ;+/If0f ul//x]sf] cfwf/;d]t b]vfO{ dlgj]bs lgo'lQm x'Fbf sfod /x]sf] /fli6«o afl0fHoa}+s sd{rf/L lgodfjnL, @)@# sf] lgod (,#$-!_ tyf *& n] cjsfzsf] pd]/ xb ^% jif{tf]s]sf] 5 / xfnsf] lgodfjnLn] ;d]t ;]jfsf]zt{ ;'ljwfx¿ dsf{ kg]{ u/L jblng] 5}g egLUof/]06L u/]sf] / d]/f] lgo'lQmkqdf tkfO{sf] ;]jfcjlw /fli6«o afl0fHo a}+s sd{rf/L lgodfjnL,@)@# cg';f/ x'g]5 egL pNn]v u/]sf]n] pQmlgodfjnLsf] sfg"gL Joj:yf;d]tsf cfwf/dfafFsL pd]/ cjlw yk u/L lgo'lQm x'Fbfsf] zt{cg';f/pd]/ jif{ ̂ % g} sfod u/L k]G;g ;'ljwf pknAw

u/fO{ kfpmF egL b=g+=!!( ldlt @)^$.$.!# dfljkIfL /fli6«o afl0fHo a}+s;dIf lgj]bg u/]sf]dfs/La ( dlxgfkl5 ldlt @)^%.!.% r=g+= #^(^-s_ @@^.%^ sf] kqaf6 tkfO{n] dfu u/]adf]lhd^% aif{sf] pd]/ xb sfod u/L k]G;g lbg gldNg]egL n]lvPsf] kq @)^%.!.*.! df dnfO{ a'emfOPsf]/ a}+ssf k"j{ sd{rf/L dxfk|jGws >L a]vfdfgl;Fx;d]t nufot @)$(.%) leq cjsfz kfO{k]G;gdf /x]sf a}+Í sd{rf/LnfO{ a}+sn] k]G;gtyf pkbfg /sd pknAw u/fpFbf pd]/ jif{ ^%g} sfod u/L pknAw u/fPsf] / dnfO{ ;f];'ljwfaf6 al~rt u/fOPsf] 5 . /fli6«o afl0fHoa}+s sd{rf/L lgodfjnL, @)%) sf] lgod %^ n]a}+sn] s'g} sd{rf/Lsf] pd]/ %* jf ;]jf cjlw#) jif{ k"/f ePkl5 lghnfO{ a}+s ;]jfaf6 clgjfo{cjsfz lbOg]5 eGg] k|fjwfg /flvPtfklg ;f]lgod nfu" x'g'eGbf cl3 a}+sdf lgo'Qm sd{rf/Lsf];]jf zt{ jf cGo ;'ljwf lgh lgo'lQm x'Fbf tf]lsPsf]zt{ljk/Lt dsf{ kg]{ u/L jblng] 5}g egL ;f]xL@)%) sf] lgodfjnLsf] lgod !!* df plNnlvtk|fjwfgnfO{ pNn+3g ug{ ldNg] xf]Og / ;f] xb;Ddul/Psf] ;+zf]wg d lgj]bssf] xsdf nfu" ug{gldNg] ePsf]n] pQm Joj:yf g]kfnsf] cGtl/d;+ljwfgsf] wf/f !@,!#,!*-#_ / !( åf/f dnfO{k|Tofe"t df}lns xs Pj+ a}+s tyf ljQLo;+:yf;DaGwL cWofb]z, @)^! sf] bkmf (! sf]pkbkmf @-u_ ;d]tsf] ljk/Lt ePsf]n] pQm ^%aif{nfO{ ̂ ) sfod ug]{ u/]sf] Joj:yf / lgj]bsnfO{^% jif{ sfod gug]{ lg0f{o pTk|]if0fsf] cfb]zn]ab/ u/L ^% jif{ g} sfod u/L lgj[lQe/0f lbg'egL ljkIfLx¿sf gfddf k/dfb]z hf/L ul/kfpFmeGg] ;d]t Joxf]/fsf] l/6 lgj]bg .

o;df s] s;f] ePsf] xf] < lgj]bgdfuadf]lhdsf] cfb]z lsg hf/L x'g' gkg]{ xf] <ljkIfLx¿af6 lnlvt hjfkm dufO{ cfPkl5 jf

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cjlw gf3]kl5 lgodadf]lhd k]z ug'{ eGg] o;cbfntsf] cfb]z .

a}+ssf] jxfn /x]sf] ljlgodfjnL, @)^!adf]lhd geO{ vf/]h eO;s]sf] lgodcg';f/;'ljwf kfpg' kg]{ eGg] ljkIfLsf] dfu s'g} klgb[li6af6 sfg"g;Ddt 5}g . o; a}+sn] lbg];'ljwf;DaGwL s'/f ;f/jfg laifo ePsf]n], h'gavtdf cjsfz lbg] lg0f{o ePsf] xf] ;f]xL avtsf]ljlgoddf pNn]v ePadf]lhd ;]jf ;'ljwfpknAw u/fpg' a}ssf] wd{ xf] . To;}n] h'g–h'gldltb]lv a}+s df lgod nfu" eof] tt\ tt\ ldltb]lva}+sdf lgo'lQm x'g] gofF k|j]zL sd{rf/Lx¿sf]xsdf dfq tL gofF lgodx¿df plNnlvt ;]jfcjlwsf] pd]/ xb tf]lsP adf]lhd afWofTds?kdf nfu" x'g] s'/f xf]Og . ;+zf]wg jf gofFagfO { hf/L ul/Psf ;a} lgodx¿ ;a}sd{rf/Lx¿nfO{ ;dfg ?kdf nfu" x'G5 . gofFlgod hf/L x'Fbf Tof] lgod k'/fgf sd{rf/Lx¿nfO{nfu" x'Fb}g eGg] xf]Og . ljkIfLn] eg] h:tf] cfˆgf]lgxLt :jfy{ k"/f x'g] ePdfq s'g} sfg"g 7Ls x'g]geP dfGo gx'g] eGg] xf]Og . sfg"gsf] JofVofljkIfLn] eg]h:tf] :j]R5frf/L t/Lsfaf6 ug{ldNb}g . To;}n] ljkIfLsf] l/6 lgj]bg ts{xLg Pj+k"0f{tM u}/sfg"gL ePsf]n] vf/]h ul/kfpFm eGg];d]t Joxf]/fsf] /fli6«o afl0fHo a}+s ;~rfns;ldlt, P] sf k|d'v sfof{sf/L clws[t P]= a}+ssf]dfgj ;+zf]wg ljefusf] lnlvt hjfkm .

/fli6«o afl0fHo a}+ssf] ;fljs sd{rf/LlgodfjnL , @)@# k6s–k6s ;+zf]wg x'Fb} @)$#df gofF lgodfjnL jgL @)@# sf] lgodfjnLk|lt:yfkg ePsf] / @)%) ;fndf cfP/ k'gM@)$# ;fnsf] lgodfjnLnfO{ klg k|lt:yfkg u/LgofF lgodfjnL NofOPsf] / o; lgodfjnLn]sd{rf/Lsf] pd]/ %* jif{ jf ;]jf cjlw #) jif{h'g klxn] k'U5 ;f]xL cfwf/df pQm a}+ssf]sd{rf/Ln] ;]jfaf6 clgjfo{ cjsfz kfpg]

Joj:yf u/]sf]df pQm Joj:yfdf ;xdt e} s'g}ph"/L jf lj/f]w gu/L lg/Gt/ ;]jf/t\ /xL /x]sf]dfpQm lgodfjnL ;d]t vf/]h e} gofF sd{rf/LljlgodfjnL, @)^! hf/L eO{ pQm ljlgodfjnLdfePsf] Joj:yfcg';f/ ;]jf cjlw #) jif{ k'u]sf]sf/0fn] cjsfz kfPkl5 dfq l/6 lgj]bg lbg'sfg"g Gofo tyf ljlwzf:q ;Ddt x'g ;Sb}g .@)%) ;fnsf] lgodfjnLn] g} ;]jf cjlw #)jif{ jf %* jif{ pd]/ k'u]kl5 clgjfo{ cjsfzkfpg] u/L u/]sf] Joj:yfn] ljkIfLsf] ;]jf ug]{cjlw sd ePsf]df c;xdt ePsf] eP pQmsd{rf/L lgodfjnL, @)%) NofpFbf g} c;xdltJoQm u/L ph"/L ug'{kg]{ xf] . ljkIfLn] To;f] ug'{ePsf] 5}g . ct M ljkIfLsf] l/6 lgj]bg cg'lrtljnDa Pj+ ;Ddflgt cbfntaf6 k|ltkflbtl;4fGt;d]tsf] cfwf/df vf/]hefuL 5, vf/]hul/kfpFm eGg] ;d]t g]kfn /fi6« a}+ssf] lnlvthjfkm .

lgodadf]lhd k]zL ;"rLdf r9L o;Ohnf;;dIf k]z x'g cfPsf] k|:t't d'2fdf lgj]bs/ ljkIfLsf] tkm{af6 b]xfodf n]lvP adf]lhd jl/i7clwjQmfx¿ tyf clwjQmfx¿n] ax; ug'{eof] –

lgj]bssf] tkm{af6 :jo+ lgj]bs clwjQmf s]bf/d}gfnL

ljkIfL /fli6«o jfl0fHo a}+Ísf] @)#$.@.@$sf] kqcg';f/ ;]jfdf k|j]z u/]sf]df @)^$.@.@$df #) jif{ pd]/ k'u]sf] cfwf/df clgjfo{ cjsfzlbOPsf] / ;]jf k|j]z ubf{sf] /fli6«o jfl0fHo a}+ssd{rf/L ljlgodfjnL, @)@# ePsf] / pQmlgodfjnLadf]lhd g} ^% jif{ pd]/n] x'g]lgj[lQe/0fnufotsf ;]jf ;'ljwf dnfO{ lbg'kg]{dfglbOPsf]n] Ps} k6s Pp6} ;]jf ;d"x;DaGwLlgodfjnLsf] cfwf/df ;]jf k|j]z u/]sf s;}n]s; }n ] ^% jif { pd ]/sf ] lx;fjn ]lgj[lQe/0fnufotsf ;'ljwf kfPsf / dnfO{

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glbPsf]n] /fli6«o jfl0fHo a}+ssf] pQm sfo{;+ljwfgåf/f k|Tofe't ;dfgtf;DaGwL k|fjwfgsf]ljk/Lt ePsf]n] jfl0fHo a}+ssf] dnfO{ ^% jif{pd]/sf] lx;fan] lgj[lQe/0f glbg] u/L ePsf]lg0f{o ab/ u/L ^% jif{ pd]/ xbn] kfpg] ;]jf;'ljwf lbg' k/dfb]z hf/L xf];\ .

lgj]bssf tkm{af6 lqnf]rg uf}tdo; d'2fdf Docrtine of Tenure, Doctrine

of Pleasure / Doctrine of Equality sf] k|Zg;lGgxLt 5 . @)@# ;fnsf] lgodfjnLn] u/]sf]Pensionary Joj:yfnfO{ @)$# ;fnsf] lgodn];d]t arfp u/L /fv]sf]df @)%) ;fnsf] lgodn]Absolutely Negate u/]sf] 5, People under same

circumstances nfO{ lje]b ug]{ u/L lgoddfJoj:yf ul/Psf] 5 . o;/L Psk6s arfpul/Psf] Joj:yfnfO{ lagfcfwf/ sf/0f k|lts"nc;/ kfg]{ u/L ;+zf]wg ug{ ldNg] xf]Og . To;sf/0flgj]bsnfO{ lgj[lQe/0fdf c;/ kg]{ u/L ePsf];+zf]wgsf] Joj:yf / ;f]xL Joj:yfsf] cfwf/dfePsf] lg0f{o;d]t ;dfgtfsf] l;4fGt;d]tsf]lj?4 ePsf]n] ab/ u/L ;fljssf] Joj:yfadf]lhdlgj]bs dfuadf]lhd lgj[lQe/0f lbg' egL cfb]zhf/L x'g'k5{ .

lgj]bs tkm{af6 al/i7 clwjQmf ab|Laxfb'/ sfsL{@)@# ;fnsf] lgodfjnLsf] ̂ % jif{ xbn]

k ]G;g kfpg] Joj:yfnfO{ @)$# ;fnsf]lgodfjnLsf] bkmf #$ n] Reaffirm u¥of] .sd{rf/Lsf] pd]/ ^) jif{sf] ePkl5 cjsfz lbg]u/L @)$# ;fnsf] lgodn] Joj:yf u¥of] . of]lgod k|f/De ePsf avt sd{rf/Lx¿sf] xsdfpd]/sf] xb 5f]6\ofPsf] gdflgg] egL ;f]xL lgodn]Clause /fvL lbof] . To:t} lgodsf] !!* n] ;]jfzt{df dsf{ kg]{ u/L gablng] egL Joj:yf ;d]tu¥of] . l;4fGttM What has been set that is

intended eGg] xf] . lgod !!* / lgod %^ nfO{;Fu;Fu} x]l/g'kb{5 . pQm lgodn] khgLaf6 k'gMlgo'lQm lng'kg]{ t u/]sf] xf]Og xf]nf . To;sf/0fklg b'j} lgodsf] Joj:yfsf] Scope x]/L b'j}Joj:yf sfod /xg] u/L JofVof ul/g'kb{5 .lgj]bsn] kfpg] ;'ljwf;DaGwL s'/f vf];]sf] xf]eGg] JofVof ul/g] xf] eg] Tof] Cut of Date ;Ddsfxsdf of] Joj:yf aflemG5 / Ultra Vires x'ghfG5 . b'ljwf ePdf ;'ljwf lgj]bssf] xsdfhfG5 . Same document at the same time valid

/ Invalid xF'b}g . Doctrine of pleasure service

period df nfUg ;S5 t/ kfpg] ;]jf ;'ljwfdfnfUg ;Sb}g . Doctrine of Pleasure / Doctrine

of Tenure aLrsf] leGgtfdf cbfnt :ki6 x'g'h?/L 5 . k|Ltdh+u /f0ff / /fdafa' sfˆn]sf]case df JofVof eP klg logdf Equality /Docrtrine of ultra vires sf] Issue p7fOPsf] 5}g .Delegated Legislatation Parent Act /Constitutional Provision leq /xg' kb{5 ;f] ePsf]cj:yf 5}g .

lgj]bssf] tkm{af6 clwjQmf >L xl/k|;fb pk|]tLDiscrimination sf ] nf lu Reasonable

classification x'g'kb{5 . @)%) ;fnsf] lgoddfo:tf] Reasonability 5}g . lnlvt hjfkmdf klgReasonability b]vfpg ;s]sf] kfOFb}g . @)$#;fnsf] lgodfjnLn] ^% jif{;Dd egL ;+/If0flbg] t/ @)%) ;fnsf] lgodfjnLn] To:tf] ;+/If0flbg g;s]sf] sf/0f v'nfpg g;s]sf]n] l/6 hf/Lx'g'kb{5 .

lgj]bssf] tkm{af6 clwjQmf >L aunf /]UdL1fgaxfb'/ adnfO{ lzIff P]gdf ;+zf]wg

ePkl5 z}lIfs of]Uotf gk'u]sf] egL :t/ 36'jfu/]sf]df 36'jf ug{ gldNg] egL o; cbfntaf6@)$@.$.!) df cfb]z ePsf] 5 . Psk6s ;]jf

540540540540540


;'ljwf lng of]Uo ePkl5 p;sf] lnlvt d+h"/Lj]u/of]Uo ePsf JolQmnfO{ s;/L cof]Uo u/fpg ldN5< lgj]bsn] ^% jif{ pd]/ xbn] k]G;g kfpg]Joj:yfadf]lhd g} k]G;g kfpg' kb{5 .

lgj]bs tkm{af6 jl/i7 clwjQmf >L s[i0fk|;fbe08f/L

lgj]bs @)#$ ;fndf ;]jf k|j]z ubf{a}+s;Fu ^% jif{sf] pd]/;Dd sfd u5'{ olb ltdLu/fpF5f} eg] egL ;]jf k|j]z u/]sf x'g\ . ^% jif{sfd u/fpg] zt{df k|j]z u/]sf] dnfO{ ;]jfaf6x6fpF5f} eg] d}n] ;]jf k|j]z ubf{ ePsf] zt{adf]lhd ^% jif{ a/fa/sf] ;'ljwf b]pm eGg] dfuxf] . lgodn] lgj]bsn] kfpg] ;]jf ;'ljwf kl/jt{gu/]sf] cy{ ug{ ldNb}g . of] Joj:yfkl5 ;]jf k|j]zug]{sf xsdf ePsf]n] lgj]bsn] ^% jif{ pd]/xbn] kfpg] ;'ljwf kfpg'k5{ .

/fli6«o jfl0fHo a}+ssf] tkm{af6 clwjQmf >L k"0f{dfgzfSo

@)@# ;fnsf] lgodnfO{ lgj]bsn]:jLsf/ u/L ;]jf k|j]z u/]sf x'g\ . o:tf]sd{rf/Ln] To:tf] lgodfjnLdf ePsf] ;+zf]wgk|lt:yfkg ;d]tnfO{ :jLsf/ u/]sf] dfGg'kg]{ x'G5 .o;/L sd{rf/L lgodfjnLdf lgh @)^$ ;fn;Ddcyf{t cjsfz x'g'eGbf cl3;Dd ePsf] ;a};+zf]wg / lgodsf] k|lt:yfkg ;d]tnfO{ :jLsf/]sf]dfGg'kg]{ x'G5 . cfkm" axfn /x]sf] cjlwdf @)%)/ @)^! ;fnsf] lgodnfO{ :jLsf/ u/L /x]sf]cj:yfdf cjsfz k|fKt ul/;s]kl5 Ultra Vires

eGg ldNg] x'Fb}g . ljwfogsf] l;4fGtcg';f/ ;dfgtxsf] ljwflosfnfO{ cl3sf] ljwfogn] aGb]hnfufpg ;Sb}g . Pp6f ;+;bn] agfPsf] P]gsf]Joj:yf ljk/Lt csf]{ lgjf{rg ;+;bnfO{ P]gagfpg /f]Sg ;lsg] x'Fb}g . oxL s'/f Delegated

Legislation sf] xsdf klg nfu" x'G5 .

/fli6«o jfl0fHo a}+ssf] tkm{af6 >L ef]nfgfy 9'+ufgf;+jt\ @)%^ ;fnsf] l/6 g+= ##(*

/fdafa' zdf{ sfˆn] lj= /fli6«o jfl0fHo a}+s;d]t ePsf] d'2f / @)%^ ;fnsf] l/6 g+= #!(!k|Nxfbh+u /fo lj= /fli6«o jfl0fHo a}+s;d]t ePsfd'2fx¿df k|:t't ljjfbsf] lg/f]k0f o; cbfntaf6e};s]sf] cj:yf x'Fbf c;dfg Jojxf/ ul/of] jf^% jif{sf] k]G;g lbOPg eGg] lhsL/ nfUg} g;Sg]k|s[ltsf] ePsf]n] l/6 vf/]h xf];\ .

/fli6«o jfl0fHo a}+ssf] tkm{af6 clwjQmf >L /d]zsfsL{

;/sf/nfO{ cfˆgf] sd{rf/Lsf] ;]jf cjlwlgwf{/0f ug{ clwsf/ ePsf] egL ;/sf/Lsd{rf/Lsf ;DaGwdf - g]sfk @)%# lg=g+=^!*^k[ #%* _ o; cbfntn] lg0f{o ul/;s]sf] 5 .lgj]bs cfkm" axfn /x]sf] cj:yfdf ;+zf]lwtJoj:yfnfO{ :jLsf/ u/L @)%) ;fnb]lv @)^$;fn;Dd r'k nfu]/ a:g' eof] . dsf{ k/]sf] eP;f]xL ;dodf ab/ u/fpg nfUg' kg]{df ;f] gu/Lcjsfz ePkl5 dfq l/6 lgj]bg lbPsf]n] l/6vf/]h x'g'k5{ .

/fli6«o jfl0fHo a}+ssf] tkm{af6 clwjQmf >L dfwjjf:sf]6f

lgod agfpg] clwsf/ /fli6«o jfl0fHoa}+s P]gn] a}+snfO{ k|bfg u/]sf]df lgj]bsn]To;nfO{ r'gf}tL lbg ;Sg' ePsf] 5}g . /fi6«a}+ssf] cg'dlt lnO{ /fli6«o jfl0fHo a}+s P]gn]lbPsf] clwsf/ k|of]u u/L lgod ag]sf] xf] .lgodsf] Joj:yf s'g P]gsf] s'g bkmf;Fu aflemPsf]xf] eGg] k|i6 pNn]v lgj]bgdf 5}g . ;fy} lgj]bssfo{/t\ /xFbfs} cj:yfdf @)$#,@)%) / @)^!u/L tLg k6s lgodfjnL k|lt:yfkg ePsf] 5o;/L tLg–tLg k6s lgod k|lt:yfkg x'Fbf r'k

541541541541541


nfu]/ a:g] lgj]bsnfO{ clxn] cbfntn] ;xof]uug{;Sg] xf]Og .

/fli6«o jfl0fHo a}+ssf] tkm{af6 clwjQmf >L ;'/hclwsf/L

@)%) ;fnsf] lgodfjnLsf] Joj:yfn]g} ^% jif{sf] pd]/;DaGwL k|fjwfg x6fPsf] /;f]xL Joj:yfnfO{ @)^! ;fnsf] ljlgodfjnLn]lg/Gt/tf lbPsf] cj:yf 5 . dfgL cfPsf]lgodfjnLnfO{ cjsfz kfPkl5 Ultra Vires eGggldNg] egL o; cbfntsf] ljz]if Ohnf;af6-g]sfk @)%^ c+s $ lg=g+= ^^(& k[ @%( _lg0f{o ePsf] ;d]t cj:yf x'Fbf l/6 lgj]bg vf/]hx'g] cj:yfsf] ePsf]n] vf/]h xf];\ .

/fli6«o jfl0fHo a}+ssf] tkm{af6 clwjQmf >L g/xl/cfrfo{

s'g} klg lgsfodf sfo{/t\ sd{rf/L ;f]lgsfo;Fu ;DalGwt P]g lgod / ltgdf ;do;dodf x'g] kl/jt{g tyf k|lt:yfkg ;d]taf6aflwg] x'g\ . g ls cfkm" k|j]z ubf{sf] cj:yfsf]dfq P]g lgodaf6 . lgj]bs k|j]z ubf{sf]lgodfjnL P]gn] lbPsf] clwsf/ k|of]u u/L P]gn]tf]s]sf] k|lqmof;d]t k"/f u/L lgh ;]jfdf k|j]zu/]kl5 tLg–tLg k6s k|lt:yfkg e};s]sf /;f]nfO{ lgj]bsn] ;dod} r'gf}tL glbPaf6 :jLsf/ul/a;]sf] dfGg'kg]{ ePsf]n] lgj]bg vf/]h x'g'k5{ .

/fli6«o jfl0fHo a}+ssf] tkm{af6 clwjQmf >Lk|]dk|;fb kf08]

lgj ]bs sfg "g clws [t ePsf ]n ]lgodfjnL agfpFbf, ;+zf]wg ubf{ jf k|lt:yfkgubf{ sfg"g zfvfsf] k|ToIf ck|ToIf ;FnUgtf jf;xefuLtf x'g'kb{5 .

@)%) / @)^! ;fnsf lgodfjnLagfpFbf cfkm" ;d]t ;lDdlnt e} lgodfjnL

agfPsf] x'Fbf tL lgodsf] Joj:yf Ultra Vires

eGg] lghnfO{ xs /xFb}g . ;dfgx¿sf aLrc;dfg Jojxf/ ul/g' x'Gg eGg] l;4fGt;dfgtfsf] xf] . @)%) / @)^! ;fnsf] lgodfjnLnfu" e} cjsfz kfPsfx¿ aLr lae]b u/]sf]b]vfpg ;Sg' ePsf] 5}g . lgj]bg vf/]h xf];\ .

/fli6«o jfl0fHo a}+ssf] tkm{af6 clwjQmf >Lxl/s'df/ g]kfn

g]kfn /fi6« a}+snfO{ ljkIfL agfpg' kg]{sf/0f lgj]bsn] lgj]bgdf v'nfpg' ePsf] 5}g ./fi6« a}+sn] tyf ljQLo ;+:yf ;DaGwL P]g, @)^#sf] bkmf (! adf]lhd ljlgodnfO{ :jLs[lt;DdlbPsf] xf] . cjsfz / gf]s/L ug]{ cjlw tf]Sg] /to ug]{ /fi6« a}+ssf] lhDd]jf/L x}g . of] ;+ljwfgsf]wf/f !)&-!_ sf] ljifo xf]Og / ljz]if Ohnf;dfcfpg] ljifo klg xf]Og . of] ljifo wf/f !)&-@_cGtu{tsf] ljifo xf] . lgj]bsn] Legislative

Biasness eof] eGg] s'/fsf] k'li6 ug{ ;Sg' ePsf]5}g . l/6 vf/]h x'g] cj:yfsf] x'Fbf vf/]h xf];\ .

ljåfg sfg"g Joj;foLx¿sf] pk/f]Qmax; lhsL/ ;d]t ;'gL lg0f{otkm{ ljrf/ ubf{b]xfosf k|Zgx¿df ljrf/ u/L lgisif{df k'Ug'kg]{cj:yf b]lvof] .

!= s 'g } k lg lgsfodf sfo {/t \sd{rf/Lx¿nfO{ k|bfg ug]{ ;]jf ;'ljwf ;f]sd{rf/L pQm lgsfodf k|j]z ubf{sf] ;]jfzt{;DaGwL sfg"gcg';f/ k|bfg ug'{kg]{ xf]< jf ;do / kl/l:yltcg';f/ kl/dfh{gjf ;+zf]wg ePsf] ;]jf zt{;DaGwLsfg"gcg';f/ k|bfg ug'{kg]{ xf] <

@= lgj]bsn] bfjL u/] h:tf] ;dfgtfsf] jlv{nfklg0f{o ePsf] 5 5}g <

#= ;]jfsf zt{;DaGwL laifodf ljutdfePsf] Joj:yfnfO{ ;+zf]wg x'Fbf arfp

542542542542542

ul/Psf]df ;f] Joj:yf k'gM;+zf]wg xF'bfarfpsf] Joj:yf gul/Psf]df ;f]sf] kl/0ffds] x'g] xf] <

$= lgj]bg dfuadf]lhdsf] cfb]z hf/L x'g]xf] xf]Og <

pk/f]Qm k|Zgx¿sf ;DaGwdf ljj]rgfug'{cl3 lgj]bsn] lgj]bgdf pNn]v u/]sf sfg"gLJoj:yf oxfF pNn]v ug'{ ;fGble{s x'g hfG5 .

lgj ]bs /f l i6 «o jf l0 fHo a } +ssf ]sd{rf/Lsf] ?kdf lgh ;]jf k|j]z ubf{sf] /fli6«ojfl0fHo a}+s P]g @)#! sf] bkmf %!, h;n] pQma}+snfO{ lgod agfpg] clwsf/ lbPsf] 5, ;f]b]xfoadf]lhd /x]sf] 5 eGg] Joj:yf u/L b]xfo-!_ df cfˆgf] sfd sf/f]af/ Jojl:yt ?kdf;~rfng ug{ / o; P]gsf] p2]Zo sfof{lGjt ug{a}+sn] lgod agfpg ;Sg]5 .

t/ ;f] lgod >L % sf] ;/sf/af6 :jLs[tx'g' kg]{5 eGg] / b]xfo -@_ df pkbkmf -!_ n]lbPsf] clwsf/sf] ;j{dfGotfdf s'g} k|lts"n k|efjgkg]{ u/L a}+sn] b]xfosf] ;a} jf s]xL ljifox¿dflgod agfpg ;Sg]5 eGg] Joj:yf u/L b]xfo -u_ df a}+ssf sd{rf/Lx¿sf] lgo'lQm a9'jf, ;?jf,avf{;L, tna, eQf, pTkfbg, lga[lQe/0f, labf,cfr/0f, cg'zf;g ;d]t ;]jfsf] zt{x¿ /u7gaf/], lgod agfpg ;Sg] clwsf/ lbPsf]b]lvG5 .

/fli6«o jfl0fHo a}+sn] /fli6«o jfl0fHoa}+s sd{rf/L ;]jf ljlgodfjnL, @)^! ldlt@)^!.(.!^ af6 nfu" ubf{sf] a}+s tyf ljQLo;+:yf;SaGwL cWofb]z, @)^! nfu" e}/x]sf] b]lvG5 .pQm cWofb]zsf] bkmf (! / lgj]bsn] @)^$.@.@$df clgjfo{ cjsfz kfpFbf nfu" /x]sf] a}+s tyfljQLo ;+:yf;DaGwL P]g, @)^# sf] bkmf (! hf]x'ax' ldN5 ;f] sfg"gL Joj:yf x]bf{ pQm sfg"gLJoj:yfn] a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yfnfO{ ljlgdo

agfpg] clwsf/ k|bfg u/]sf] b]lvG5 . pQm sfg"gLJoj:yfsf] b]xfo -!_ df cfˆgf] sfd sf/f]af/;'Jojl:yt?kn] ;~rfng ug{ / o; P]gsf] p2]Zosfof{lGjt ug{ Ohfht k|fKt ;+:yfn] ljlgodagfpg ;Sg]5 . To:tf] ljlgod /fi6« a}+saf6:jLs[t ePkl5 nfu" x'g]5 eGg] sfg"gL Joj:yf/x]sf] / b]xfo -@_ df pkbkmf -!_ n] lbPsf]clwsf/sf] ;j{dfGotfdf s'g} k|lts"n k|efj gkg]{u/L Ohfht k|fKt ;+:yfn] b]xfosf] ;a} jf s]xLlaifox¿df lgod agfpg ;Sg]5 eGg] sfg"gLJoj:yf u/L b]xfo -@_ sf] -u_ df Ohnf; k|fKt;+:yfsf sd{rf/Lx¿sf] lgo'lQm, a9'jf, ;?jf,avf{;L, tna, eQf, pkbfg, lgj[lQe/0f, ljbf,cfr/0f, cg'zf;g;d]t ;]jfsf zt{ / u7gaf/],ljlgod agfpg ;Sg] clwsf/ lbPsf] b]lvG5 .lgj]bsn] cfˆgf] lgj]bg lhsL/df pNn]v u/]sf/fli6«o jfl0fHo a}+ssf] sd{rf/L lgodfjnL /ljlgodfjnLsf sfg"gL Joj:yfx¿ b]xfoadf]lhd/x]sf] kfOG5 M–

-s_ /fli6«o jfl0fHo a}+ssf] sd{rf/L lgodfjnL,@)@# sf ] -!_ lgod ( sf ] Joj:yfb]xfoadf]lhd /x]sf] 5M–

æo; lgodfjnLadf]lhd cGoyf x'g]dfafx]s a}+ssf] k|To]s sd{rf/L k};¶L jif{sf]pd]/ gk'u];Dd cfˆgf] kbdf axfn /xg]5 .Æ

-@_ lgod #$ sf] Joj:yf b]xfoadf]lhd/x]sf] 5 M–

clgjfo{ cjsfzMclgjfo{ cjsfzMclgjfo{ cjsfzMclgjfo{ cjsfzMclgjfo{ cjsfzM– -!_ ^% k};¶L jif{ pd]/k'u]sf k|To]s sd{rf/LnfO{ a}+ssf] gf]s/Laf6cjsfz lbOg]5 .

t/ a}+ssf] lxtsf] lgldQ s'g}sd{rf/Lsf] ;]jfsf] cfjZostf clgjfo{b]lvPdf ;~rfns ;ldltn] a9Ldf Ps jif{sf]Dofb yk ug{;Sg]5 .


543543543543543


-@_ @% klRr; jif{;Dd nuftf/ a}+ssf]gf]s/L u/L ;s]sf] sd{rf/LnfO{ lghn]jf ;~rfns ;ldltn] rfx]df a}+ssf];]jfaf6 cjsfz lng] cg'dlt jf cfb]zlbg ;Sg]5 .

-#_ lgod *& sf] Joj:yf b]xfo adf]lhd5M

Æ;]jfsf zt{ dsf{ kg]{ u/L ablnggx'g]M– s'g} sd{rf/L jf ;Nnfxsf/sf]lgo'lQm x'Fbf kfPsf] ;'ljwf jf xs lghnfO{dsf{ kg]{ u/L ablng ;lsg] 5}g .Æ

-v_ /fli6«o jfl0fHo a}+ssf] sd{rf/L -;]jf zt{_lgodfjnL, @)$# sf]-!_ lgod #$ sf] Joj:yf b]xfoadf]lhd 5M–cjsfz -!_ sd{rf/Lsf] pd]/ ̂ ) jif{ ePkl5lghnfO{ a}ssf] gf]s/Laf6 cjsfz lbOg]5 .

t/,-s_ of] lgodfjnL k|f/De x'g'eGbf cl3 lgo'lQm

ePsf sd{rf/Lsf] xsdf ;f] sd{rf/Llgo'lQm x'Fbf sfod /x]sf] lgodåf/flgwf{l/t cjsfzsf] pd]/nfO{ of]lgodn] 5f]6\ofPsf] dflgg] 5}g .

-v_ a}+ssf] nflu s'g} sd{rf/Lsf] ;]jf clgjfo{jf jf~5gLo b]lvPdf clws[t:t/sf]eP ;~rfns ;ldltn] / ;xfos :t/jf ;f ]eGbf tNnf ] :t/sf ] ePdxfk|aGwsn] a9Ldf @ jif{ Dofb ykug{ ;lsg] 5 .

o;/L yk ePsf cjlwdflghn] a9'jfsf] nflu pDd]bjf/ x'gkfpg] 5}g .

-u_ of] lgodfjnL k|f/De x'Fbf axfn /x]sf]sd{rf/Ln] ;f7L jif{ pd]/ k"/f ePkl5cjsfz lng rfx]df sDtLdf tLg

dlxgfcufj} a}+snfO{ lnlvt ;"rgf lbO{cjsfz lng ;Sg]5 .

-@_ @) -aL;_ jif{;Dd nuftf/ a}+ssf]gf]s/L u/L ;s]sf] sd{rf/Ln] pklgod-!_ adf]lhd pd]/ gk'Ub} a}+ssf] ;]jfaf6cjsfz lng rfx]df clws[t:t/sf] eP;~rfns ;ldltn] ;xfos :t/ jf;f]eGbf tNnf] :t/sf] eP dxfk|jGwn]lghnfO{ cjsfz lng] cg'dlt lbg;Sg]5 .t/ k|To]s jif{ ;~rfns ;ldltn] lgwf{/0fu/]sf] sf]6fleq dfq :j]lR5s cjsfzlng kfpg] 5 .

-#_ @) -aL;_ jif{ ;]jf cjlw k'u]sf a}+ssd {rf/LnfO { clws [t:t/sf ] eP;~rfns ;ldltn] / ;xfos:t/ jf;f]eGbf tNnf]:t/sf] eP dxfk|jGwsn]lghnfO{ cjsfz lng] cg'dlt lbg;Sg]5 .

-@_ lgod (# sf] Joj:yf b]xfoadf]lhd 5M–Æ;]jfsf] zt{ dsf{ kg]{ u/L ablng gx'g]Ma}+ssf] sd{rf/L ;Nnfxsf/sf] lgo'lQmx'Fbf sfod /x]sf] lghsf] ;]jf zt{ jfcGo ;'ljwf lghnfO{ dsf{ kg]{ u/L ablng]5}g .Æ

-u_ /fli6«o jfl0fHo a}+s sd{rf/L lgodfjnL,@)%) sf ] lgod %^ sf ] Joj:yfb]xfoadf]lhd 5M–

-!_ Æclgjfo{ cjsfzM a} +ssf ] s'g }sd{rf/Lsf] pd]/ %* jif{ jf #) jif{;]jf cjlw k"/f ePkl5 lghnfO{ a}+ssf];]jfaf6 clgjfo{ cjsfz lbOg]5 .

t/ of] lgodfjnL k|f/De x'g'eGbfcl3 lgo'lQm ePsf sd{rf/Lsf] pd]/sf]xsdf ^) jif{ pd]/ k'Ug afFsL cjlw

544544544544544

hf]8L dfq lgj[lQe/0f jf pkbfg lbOg]5 .

-@_ lgod !!* sf] Joj:yf b]xfoadf]lhd5M

Æ;]jfsf] zt{ dsf{ kg]{ u/Lablng gx'g]M a}+ssf] sd{rf/Lsf] lgo'lQmx'Fbf sfod /x]sf] lghsf] ;]jf zt{ jfcGo ;'ljwf lghnfO{ dsf{ kg]{ u/L ablng]5}g .Æ

-3_ /fli6«o jfl0fHo a}+s sd{rf/L ;]jfljlgodfjnL, @)^! sf]

-!_ lgod %# sf] Joj:yf b]xfoadf]lhd 5M–

Æclgjfo{ cjsfzM–a}+ssf] s'g} sd{rf/Lsf]

pd]/ %* jif{ jf #) jif{ ;]jf cjlw k"/fePkl5 lghnfO{ a}+s ;]jfaf6 clgjfo{cjsfz lbOg]5 . a}+ssf] ;'/Iff ;DaGwLsfd ug]{ sd{rf/Lsf] xsdf lghsf] pd]/%% jif{ jf #) jif{ ;]jf cjlw k"/fePkl5 lghnfO{ a}+s ;]jfaf6 clgjfo{cjsfz lbOg]5 .

t/ sd{rf/L lgodfjnL, @)%)k|f/De x'g'eGbf cl3 lgo'lQm ePsfsd{rf/Lsf] pd]/sf] xsdf ^) jif{ pd]/k'Ug afFsL cjlw hf]8L dfq lgj[lQe/0fjf pkbfg lbOg]5 .

-@_ lgod !)( sf] Joj:yf b]xfoadf]lhd5M–

Æ;]jfsf] zt{ dsf{ kg]{ u/L abNggx'g]M sd{rf/Lsf] lgo'lQm x'Fbf sfod/x]sf] lghsf] ;]jf zt{ jf cGo ;'ljwflghnfO{ dsf{ kg]{ u/L ablng] 5}g .Æ

@= pQm sfg"gL Joj:yfsf] cfwf/dflgj]bsn] cfkm" /fli6«o jfl0fHo a}+ssf] sd{rf/LlgodfjnL, @)@# adf]lhd ;]jf k|j]z u/]sf] /;]jf k|j]z ubf{ /fli6«o jfl0fHo a}+ssf sd{rf/Ln]clgjfo{ cjsfz kfpg] pd]/ ^% jif{ sfodePsf]df ;f] Joj:yfnfO{ /fli6«o jfl0fHo a}+ssd{rf/L -;]jf zt{_ lgodfjnL, @)$# sf] lgod#$ sf] Joj:yfn] ;fljs lgodadf]lhd k|j]zu/]sf sd{rf/Lx¿sf] xsdf arfpsf] Joj:yfu/]sf ] t/ /fli6«o jfl0fHo a} +s sd{rf/LlgodfjnL,@)%) / /fli6«o jfl0fHo a}+s sd{rf/L;]jf ljlgodfjnL, @)^! n] eg] To; k|sf/sf]arfpsf] Joj:yf u/]sf] b]lvFb}g . /fli6«o jfl0fHoa}+sn] lgj]bsnfO{ #) jif]{ ;]jf cjlwsf] cfwf/dfcjsfz lbO{ ^) jif{sf] gf]s/L cjlwsf] dfqk]G;g ;'ljwf lbg] u/L lg0f{o u/]sf]n] ;f] lg0f{o //f l i6 «o jf l0 fHo a } +s sd {rf/L ; ]jfljlgodfjnL,@)^! hf/L eO{ axfn /x]sf]df ;f]@)^! ;fnsf] ljlgodfjnLn] clgjfo{ cjsfzsf]pd]/ %* jif{ ;]jf cjlw #) jif{ k'u]kl5 clgjfo{cjsfz x'g] egL ePsf] Joj:yf ;+ljwfgdf ePsf];dfgtfsf] l;4fGt k|lts"n egL ;f] lgod %#cdfGo u/L ;fljs lgodadf]lhd ̂ % jif{ pd]/n]x'g] k]G;g ;'ljwf lbg' egL k/dfb]z hf/L ul/kfpFmeGg] d'Vo lgj]bg lhsL/ b]lvG5 .

#= o; lgj]bs @)#$.@.@$ b]lv/fli6«o jfl0fHo a}+ssf] ;]jfdf k|j]z u/L :yfoL;]jf cjlw #) jif{ k'uL @)^$.@.@$ df clgjfo{cjsfz kfPsf] sd{rf/L b]lvPsf] / ;]jf k|j]zubf{ axfn /x]sf] /fli6«o jfl0fHo a}+ssf] sd{rf/LlgodfjnL,@)@# axfn /xL ;f]sf] lgod #) -!_n] clgjfo{ cjsfzsf] pd]/ ^% jif{ tf]s]sf]dfxfn ;f]sf] ;§f nfu" /x]sf] sd{rf/L ljlgodfjnL,@)^! nfu" /x]sf]df clgjfo{ cjsfzsf] pd]/%* jif{ ;]jf cjlw #) jif{ k'u]kl5 clgjfo{cjsfz x'g] egL sfg"gL Joj:yf ePsf] 5 .


545545545545545


/fli6«o jfl0fHo a}+ssf] sd{rf/L lgodfjnL, @)@#,/fli6«o jfl0fHo a}+s sd{rf/L ;]jf zt{ lgodfjnL,@)$# af6 vf/]h ePsf], /fli6«o jfl0fHo a}+ssd{rf/L - ;]jf zt{ _ lgodfjnL, @)$# /fli6«ojfl0fHo a}+s sd{rf/L lgodfjnL, @)%) af6vf/]h ePsf] / /fli6«o jfl0fHo a}+s sd{rf/L;]jf zt{ lgodfjnL, @)%) /fli6«o jfl0fHo a}+ssd{rf/L ;]jf ljlgodfjnL, @)^! af6 vf/]h e}xfn /fli6 «o jfl0fHo a} +s sd{rf/L ;]jfljlgodfjnL, @)^! axfn /x]sf] cj:yf 5 ./fli6«o jfl0fHo a}+s sd{rf/L ;]jf zt{ lgodfjnL,@)$# / /fli6«o jfl0fHo a}+s sd{rf/L lgodfjnL,@)%) /fli6«o jfl0fHo a}+s P]g, @)#! sf] bkmf%! sf] clwsf/ k|of]u u/L tTsfnLg >L % sf];/sf/sf] :jLs[lt lnO{ /fli6«o jfl0fHo a}+sn]agfPsf]df ljjfb 5}g . oL lgj]bs /fli6«o jfl0fHoa}+ssf] sd{rf/L lgodfjnL, @)@# axfn /x]sf]cj:yfdf ;]jf k|j]z u/]sf]n] cfˆgf] xsdf ;f]xLcj:yf axfn /x]sf] lgod nfu" x'g] eGg] syg5 . t/ /fli6«o jfl0fHo a}+ssf] sd{rf/L lgodfjnL,@)@# sf] lgod #$-!_ df clgjfo{ cjsfzsf]pd]/ ^% jif{sf] eGg] Joj:yf eP klg lgj]bsn]cfˆgf] xsdf ;f] ^% jif{ k"/f ePkl5 cjsfzlbg'kg]{df ;f] pd]/ gk'Ub} cjsfz lbPsf] lgodljk/Lt eof] eGg] bfjL 5}g . lgj]bs ;]jf k|j]zubf { / f l i6 «o jf l0 fHo a } +ssf ] sd {rf/LlgodfjnL,@)@# sf] lgod #$ sf] Joj:yfn]sd{rf/Ln] clgjfo{ cjsfz lng] pd]/ ^% jif{/x]sf]df ;f]nfO{ k|lt:yfkg u/]sf] /fli6«o jfl0fHoa}+s sd{rf/L - ;]jf zt{ _ lgodfjnL, @)$# n];f] pd]/nfO{ 36fO{ ^) jif{ sfod u/]sf] t/lgodfjnL k|f/De x'g'eGbf cl3 lgo'lQm ePsf]sd{rf/Lsf] xsdf cjsfzsf] pd]/ 5f]6\ofPsf]gdflgg] eGg] Joj:yf u/]af6 ;fljssf] /fli6«ojfl0fHo a}+ssf] sd{rf/L lgodfjnL , @)@# sf]lgod #$ sf] Joj:yf sd{rf/Lx¿sf] xsdf gofF

lgodsf] Joj:yf nfu" gx"g] u/L arfpsf] Joj:yfu/]sf] b]lvG5 . /fli6«o jfl0fHo a}+s sd{rf/LlgodfjnL, @)%) sf] lgod %^ df ePsf]Joj:yfn] To:tf] arfpsf] Joj:yfnfO{ sfodg/fvL pQm lgodfjnL k|f/De x'g'eGbf cl3 lgo'QmePsf sd{rf/Lsf] pd]/sf] xsdf ^) jif{ afFsLcjlw hf]8L dfq lgj[lQe/0f jf pkbfg lbOg]5eGg] Joj:yf u/]sf] / pQm Joj:yfnfO{ /fli6«ojfl0fHo a}+s sd{rf/L ;]jf ljlgodfjnL, @)^!sf] lgod %# sf] Joj:yfn] ;d]t sfod /fv]sf]b]lvG5 . P]g sfg"g ;do / kl/l:yltsf]cfjZostfg';f/ gofF aGg], ag]sf]df ;+zf]wgx'g] jf e}/x]sf] vf/]h x'g] xf] . To;}n] P]g sfg"gsf]Joj:yf ;w}sf nflu l:y/ /xg] laifo xf] egLeGg ldNg] xf]Og . ;do / kl/l:yltcg';f/;+zf]wg jf vf/]h ul/Psf] ljifonfO{ cGoyf u/Lcfkm" lgo'Qm x'Fbf sfod /x]sf] Joj:yf g} cfˆgf]xsdf ;bfsf nflu sfod /xL /xg'k5{ egL eGgsfg"g Pj+ Gofosf b[li6n] ldNb}g . ;+zf]wg ePsf]Joj:yf lgj]bssf xsdf dfq nfu" x'g] ge} ;du|;+u7gdf /x]sf sd{rf/Lx¿sf] xsdf ;dfg?kn]nfu" x'g] ljifo xf] . s'g} klg sd{rf/L s'g} klg;+u7gdf ;f] ;+u7gsf] gLlt / P]g lgodadf]lhdlgo'Qm ePkl5 o:tf gLlt Pj+ P]g lgoddf sfg"gn]lbPsf] clwsf/ k|of]u u/L ;do–;dodf x'g];+zf]wgaf6 x'g] kl/jlt{t Joj:yfdf lghnfO{P]g lgoddf g} cGoyf Joj:yf u/L 5'6 jf ;+/If0flbPdf afx]s clgjfo{ ?kdf dfGg}k5{ . o;/L;+zf]wg e} sfod ePsf] gLlt P]g lgod ;a}sd{rf/L-x¿sf xsdf ;dfg ?kn] nfu" x'g] x'G5 .cfˆgf] sd{rf/Ln] ;]jf ug]{ Go"gtd\ / clwstd\pd]/, tna eQf, lgj[lQe/0f h:tf s'/f gLltuts'/f ePsf] / Jo:yfks ( Employer ) n] g} lgwf{/0fug]{ x'Fbf To;/L /fli6«o jfl0fHo a}+s ;~rfns;ldltn] /fli6«o jfl0fHo a}+s P]g, @)#! sf] bkmf%! adf]lhd k|Tof]lht clwsf/adf]lhd sd{rf/Lsf]

546546546546546

;]jf zt{;DaGwL lgodfjnL agfO{ To;df cl3sf]Joj:yfnfO{ ;+zf]wg, kl/dfh{g / yk36 u/]sf]nfO{cGoyf eGg g;lsg] x'G5 . ;fy} /fli6«o jfl0fHoa}+ssf] sd{rf/L lgodfjnL, @)@# nfO{ k|lt:yfkgu/L /fli6«o jfl0fHo a}+s sd{rf/L - ;]jf zt{ _lgodfjnL, @)$# / ;f] nfO{ k|lt:yfkg u/L/fli6«o jfl0fHo a}+s sd{rf/L lgodfjnL, @)%)df g} cjsfzsf] pd]/ / kbfjlw;DaGwL k"j{Joj:yfnfO{ x]/km]/ u/]sf] / ;f]xL Joj:yfnfO{/fli6«o jfl0fHo a}+s sd{rf/L ;]jf ljlgodfjnL,@)^! n] ;d]t lg/Gt/tf lbPsf]nfO{ ;+ljwfg;FuaflemPsf] egL eGg gldNg] x'G5 . o:t} ljifo;dfj]z ePsf] ;+jt\ @)^) ;fnsf] l/6 g+= $^lgj]bs /fd]Zj/k|;fb l3ld/] lj= k|wfgdGqL tyfdlGqkl/ifb\sf] sfof{no ;d]t ePsf] lgj]bgdf- ;=c=a'n]l6g jif{ !@ c+s @$ k"0ff{Í @)@ k[i7!* @)^@ _ / ;+jt\ @)%@ ;fnsf] l/6 g+=@$(*lgj]bs ;'bz{gaxfb'/ l;Fx lj= ;fdfGo k|zf;gdGqfno ;d]t ePsf] l/6 lgj]bgdf -g]sfk @)%#c+s $ k[i7 #%* lg=g+= ^!*( _ df lghfdtL;]jfdf sfo{/t\ lgj]bssf] pd]/ %* jif{ k"/fePsf] / gf]s/L #) jif{ k"/f e};s]sf]df lgj]bs;]jf k|j]z ubf{ lghfdtL ;]jf lgoddf cjsfzsf]pd]/ ^# jif{ ePsf]n] ;f] cjlw;Dd axfn /xg'k5{ eGg] lgj]bg lhsL/ k'Ug g;Sg] egL l/6lgj]bg vf/]h ePsf] kfOG5 . To;}u/L ;+jt\ @)%^;fnsf] l/6 g+= ##(* lgj]bs /fdafa' zdf{ sfˆn]ljkIfL /fli6«o jfl0fHo a}+s s]Gb|Lo sfof{no;d]tePsf] l/6 lgj]bgdf cjsfz kZrft\ kfOg];'ljwfx¿sf] xsdf l/6 lgj]bs /fdafa' zdf{sfˆn]n] @)%@.(.@@ df clgjfo{ cjsfz kfPsf]/ ;f] ldltdf /fli6«o jfl0fHo a}+s sd{rf/LlgodfjnL, @)%) axfn /xL pQm lgodfjnLnfu" x'g'eGbf klxn]sf] lgodadf]lhd ;'ljwfkfpg'k5{ egL dfu u/]sf] ;Gbe{df /fli6«o jfl0fHoa}+s sd{rf/L lgodfjnL @)%) sf] lgod %^

k|f/De x'g 'eGbf klxn] cl:lgo'lQm ePsfsd{rf/Lx¿sf] pd]/sf] xsdf ^) jif{ k'Ug afFsLcjlw hf]8L dfq lgj[lQe/0f jf pkbfg lbOg]eGg] ls6fgL;fy Joj:yf ul/Psf] x'Fbf ;f] xbg3fO{ ^% jif{ k'Ug afFsL cjlw hf]8L ;'ljwfkfpg] egL k/dfb]zsf] cfb]z hf/L ul/kfpFm eGg]lgj]bg lhsL/ adf]lhd l/6 hf/L x'g g;Sg] x'Fbfl/6 lgj]bg vf/]h x'g] egL l/6 lgj]bg vf/]hePsf] kfOG5 .

$= To;}u/L ;+jt\ @)%^ ;fnsf]l/6 g+= #!(! lk|tdh+u /f0ff lj=/fli6«o jfl0fHoa}+s s]Gb|Lo sfof{no ;d]t ePsf] l/6 lgj]bgdfd lgj]bsnfO{ /fli6«o jfl0fHo a}+s sd{rf/LlgodfjnL, @)%) sf] lgod %^ adf]lhd tkfO{sf]pd]/ #) jif{ :yfoL ;]jf cjlw k'u]sf] egL clgjfo{cjsfz lbOPsf] / d}n] @)@@.!!.@^ df lgo'lQmkq a'emL @)@@.!@.# b]lv ;]jf z'? u/]sf] / d;]jf k|j]z ubf{sf] /fli6«o jfl0fHo a}+s sd{rf/LlgodfjnL, @)@# sf] lgod ( n] a}+ssf] k|To]ssd{rf/L ^% jif{ pd]/ gk'u]~h]n;Dd cfˆgf]kbdf axfn /xg]5 eGg] Joj:yf /x]sf] / /fli6«ojfl0fHo a}+s sd{rf/L lgodfjnL, @)%) sf] lgod!!* n] a}+ssf] sd{rf/Lsf] lgo'lQm x'Fbf sfod/x]sf] ;]jfsf] zt{ jf cGo ;'ljwf lghnfO{ dsf{kg]{ u/L ablng] 5}g egL k|Tofe"t u/]sf]n] dnfO{@)%#.!!.@% b]lv cjsfz lbg] u/]sf] lg0f{o ab/3f]lift u/L xs k|rng u/fOkfpmF egL k/]sf] l/6lgj]bgdf cjsfz lbFbfsf cj:yfdf axfn /x]sf]lgodfjnLn] pd]/ %* jif{ / gf]s/L cjlw #)jif{ ePkl5 clgjfo{ cjsfz lbg] Joj:yf u/]sf]b]lvPsf] cj:yfdf lgj]bssf] :yfoL gf]s/L cjlw#) jif{ ePkl5 lgj]bsn] :jtM cjsfz kfpg] g}b]lvof] . /fli6«o jfl0fHo a}+s sd{rf/L lgodfjnL,@)%) sf] lgod %^ adf]lhd clgjfo{ cjsfzlbPsf] b]lvPaf6 lghnfO{ lbPsf] cjsfzsfg"g;Ddt g} b]lvPsf] / lgod %^ sf]


547547547547547


k|ltjGwfTds jfSof+zadf]lhd ^) jif{ pd]/ k'UgafFsL cjlw hf]8L lgj[lQe/0f jf pkbfg glbOPsf]jf lgodfjnLadf]lhd cGo ;'ljwf glbOPsf] eGg]dfu bfjL;d]t ePsf] gb]lvFbf lgj]bg vf/]hx'G5 egL l/6 lgj]bg vf/]h ePsf] kfOG5 . P]glgodx¿ ;do–;dodf ;dofg's"n ;+zf]wg /kl/jt{g e}/xg] / o; cbfntaf6 k|ltkflbtpk/f]Qm sfg"gL l;4fGtx¿df c;xdt x'g'kg]{s'g} sf/0f klg gePsf]n] lgj]bsn] kfpg] ;]jf;'ljwf cfkm" ;]jf k|j]z ubf{ sfod /x]sf]lgodfjnLadf]lhd g} kfpg'k5{ eGg] lhsL/;Fu;xdt x'g ;lsPg .

%= k|Zg g+=@ sf ;DaGwdf ljrf/ubf{, /fli6«o jfl0fHo a}+ssf] sd{rf/L lgodfjnL,@)@# n] u/]sf] clgjfo{ cjsfzsf] Joj:yfnfO{/fli6«o jfl0fHo a}+s sd{rf/L -;]jf zt{_ lgodfjnL,@)$# n] arfp u/L /fv]sf]df /fli6«o jfl0fHoa}+s sd{rf/L lgodfjnL, @)%) n] ;f] Joj:yfnfO{arfp u/]sf] b]lvFb}g . oxL arfpsf] Joj:yfsfod /lx/x]sf] cj:yfdf k"j{ sd{rf/L tTsfnLgdxfk|jGws >L j]vfdfg l;Fxn] @)$#.(.!& dfpd]/sf sf/0f tTsfn axfn /x]sf] /fli6«o jfl0fHoa}+s sd{rf/L - ;]jf zt{ _ lgodfjnL, @)$#adf]lhd ̂ % jif{sf] pd]/ k"/f u/L cjsfz lnPsf]eGg] /fli6«o jfl0fHo a}+ssf] lnlvt hjfkmaf6b]lvG5 . lgj]bsn] lgh a]vfdfgnfO{ ^% jif{ k"/fePkl5 cjsfz lbO{ ;]jf ;'ljwf klg ^% jif{sf]lbOPsf] t/ cfkm"nfO{ pQm ;'ljwfaf6 al~rtu/L ;dfgtfsf] xsaf6 ;d]t al~rt ul/Psf]egL lhsL/ lng'ePsf] b]lvG5 . o; ;Gbe{df;dfgtf;DaGwL cjwf/0f s:tf] cjwf/0f xf] /o; cbfntn] o; ljifonfO{ s;/L lnPsf] 5eGg] ljifodf s]xL ljj]rgf x'g' ;fGble{s x'gcfof] .

^= ;dfgtfsf klg ljleGg kf6fx'G5g\ tLdWo] sfg"gsf] b[li6df ;dfgtf

(Equality before Law) / sfg"gsf] ;dfg ;+/If0f(Equal protection of law) eGg] b'O{ s'/f dxTjk"0f{5 . sfg"gsf] b[li6df ;dfgtf (Equality before

Law) eGg] zAbfjnL ljlwzf:qL P=le= 8fO;]n]k|ltkfbg u/]sf] sfg"gsf] /fhsf] lgoddf cfwfl/tePsf] kfOG5 . t;y{, o;nfO{ sfg"gL /fhsf]Pp6f lgodsf] ?kdf c+u|]hL sdg n k|0ffnLdfc+uflnPsf] 5 / o;} k|0ffnLsf] pkhsf] ?kdflnOPsf] kfOG5 . o; cbfntn] Pp6f l/6 of]gsf/fTds b[li6sf]0f ( Negative Concept ) xf] .o;n] s'g} klg JolQm ljz]ifsf] nflu s'g} vf;;'ljwf k|bfg u/]sf] x'Fb}g . sfg"g;dIf ;a} a/fa// ;dfg x'G5g\ . ;fwf/0f sfg"g;dIf ;a} ju{sf];dfg?kdf ;+/If0f ePsf] x'G5 -afa'/fd kf}8]nlj= dlGqkl/ifb\ ;lrjfno g]sfk @)%!, c+s #,lg=g+= $*&%, k[=!$#_ egL l;4fGt k|ltkfbgu/]sf] 5 . ;dfgtfsf] xssf] k|yd zt{ sfg"gsf]b[li6df cyf{t sfg"gsf] ;dfgtfk"0f{ gLlt /Jojxf/sf] ;'lglZrttf xf] .

&= ;dfgtfsf ] xs;DaGwLcjwf/0ffsf] csf]{ kIf sfg"gsf] ;dfg ;+/If0f(Equal Protection of Law) nfO{ dflgG5 .k|fs[lts, cfly{s x}l;ot, ;+:s[lts, wfld{s cflbsfsf/0f dflg; c;dfg /x]sf]n] k"0f{?kdf ;dfgtfsf]k|of]u x'g ;Dej x'Fb}g . t;y{ ;dfg kl/l:yltdf/x]sfx¿nfO{ ;dfg / c;dfg kl/l:yltdf/x]sfx¿nfO{ c;dfg Jojxf/ ul/g' kb{5 eGg]dfGotf /flvG5 . o;}n] o;nfO{ ;dfgtfsf] xssf];sf/fTds kIf elgG5 . p:t} kl/l:yltdf /x]sf;dfgx¿ aLr c;dfg Jojxf/ ul/g' dfq xf]Ogc;dfgx¿sf aLr ;dfg Jojxf/ ul/g' klg of]l;4fGtsf] k|lts"n /x]sf] dflgG5 . pxL sfg"g;a}dfly ;dfg?kn] nfu" x'g'k5{ / kl/l:yltnfO{jf:t} gu/L ;d:t b]zel/ / ;a} JolQmx¿sfaLr ;dfg?kdf nfu" x'G5 eGg] xf]Og . ;dfgtfk"0f{/ lg/k]If ge} ;fk]lIfs ljifo xf] . o;sf] ;fk]Iftf

548548548548548

nlIft ju{sf] x}l;ot cj:yf Ifdtf cflb ;Fu;DalGwt x'G5 . p:t} kl/l:ylt p:t} x}l;ot,Ifdtf ePsf JolQmx¿ Pp6f ju{ x'g\ . /fHoåf/fgful/ssf ;DaGwdf ul/g] Jojxf/, pknAw x'g];'ljwf, cj;/ cflbdf lje]b ug{ kfOGg eGg]o;sf] dd{ xf] . gful/ssf] ;dfgtfsf] xs eGgfn];dfgx¿sf aLrdf ;dfg / c;dfgx¿sfaLrdf c;dfg Jojxf/ ug'{ kb{5 . /fli6«o jfl0fHoa}+s sd{rf/L -;]jf zt{_ lgodfjnL, @)$# axfn/x]sf] cj:yfdf cjsfz kfpg] a]vfdfg l;Fx //fli6«o jfl0fHo a}+s sd{rf/L ;]jf ljlgodfjnL@)^! nfu" /x]sf] cj:yfdf cjsfz lng] oLlgj]bssf] x}l;ot ;dfg egL lsdfy{ eGg ldNb}g .

*= ca t];|f] k|Zg ;]jfdf zt{;DaGwL ljifodf ljutdf ePsf] Joj:yfnfO{;+zf]wg x'Fbf arfp ul/Psf]df ;f] Joj:yf k'gM;+zf]wg x'Fbf arfpsf] Joj:yf gul/Psf]df ;f]sf]kl/0ffd s] x'g] xf] eGg] ;DaGwdf ljrf/ ubf{,P]g lgoddf ePsf] Joj:yfnfO{ gofF P]g lgodn]h] hlt xb;Dd lg/Gt/tf, arfp jf ;+/If0fu/]sf] 5, ;f] xb;Dd dfq sfod /xg] xf] . ;f]afx]s k'/fgf] vf/]h e};s]sf] P]g lgodsf] Joj:yfsfod /xg ;Sg] xf]Og . k'/fgf] P]g lgods}Joj:yf k"/} sfod /xg] xf] eg] ;f] vf/]h ug'{ /gofF agfpg'sf] s'g} cy{ /xb}g . k'/fgf] lgodsf]Joj:yfnfO{ gofF P]g lgodn] lg/Gt/tf, arfpjf ;+/If0f lbPsf]df klg To;kl5 cfPsf] P]glgodn] ;f] lg/Gt/tf, arfp jf ;+/If0fsf] Joj:yfsfod /fv]g eg] To;/L lg/Gt/tf, arfp jf;+/If0f ug{ 5f8]sf] ldltb]lv ;f] Joj:yf :jtMvf/]h eP ;/x x'G5 . To;sf/0f /fli6«o jfl0fHoa}+s sd{rf/L lgodfjnL, @)@# sf] Joj:yfnfO{/fli6«o jfl0fHo a}+s sd{rf/L - ;]jf zt{ _lgodfjnL, @)$# n] arfp u/L lg/Gt/tf lbO/xg]t/ /fli6«o jfl0fHo a}+s sd{rf/L lgodfjnL @)%)sf] lgod %^ n] ;f] lgoddf pQm lgod k|f/De

x'g'eGbf klxn] lgo'lQm ePsf sd{rf/Lx¿sf]pd]/sf] xsdf ;d]t ^) jif{ k'Ug afFsL cjlwhf]8L dfq lgj[lQe/0f jf pkbfg lbOg] eGg]ls6fgL;fy Joj:yf ul/Psf] / ;f]xLadf]lhdxfnsf] /fli6«o jfl0fHo a}+s sd{rf/L ;]jfljlgodfjnL @)^! h'g a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yf;DaGwL cWofb]z, @)^! sf] bkmf (! n] lbPsf]clwsf/ k|of]u u/L ag]sf] 5, df klg ;f]xL @)%);fnsf] Joj:yfnfO{ lg/Gt/tf lbPsf] b]lvG5 ./fli6«o jfl0fHo a}+s sd{rf/L lgodfjnL, @)%)sf] lgod %^ df sd{rf/Lsf] pd]/ %* jif{ jf;]jf cjlw #) jif{ k'u]kl5 clgjfo{ cjsfzkfpg] Joj:yfadf]lhd lghsf] ;]jf cjlw #)jif{ k"/f ePsf] eGg] cfwf/df cjsfz lbPsf]eGg] s'/f lgj]bgsf] k|s/0f g+= ! df pNn]vePsf] 5 . /fli6«o jfl0fHo a}+s sd{rf/L lgodfjnL,@)%) df ePsf] Joj:yfnfO{ lg/Gt/tf lbO{ xfnrfn' /x]sf] /fli6«o jfl0fHo a}+s sd{rf/L ;]jfljlgodfjnL @)^! cfPsf]df lgj]bsn] cGoyfeGg ;s]sf] b]lvFb}g . ;f]xL Joj:yfadf]lhd lghn]cjsfz kfPsf] b]lvG5 . ;+zf]lwt ljlgodsf] s'g}Joj:yfnfO{ :jLsf/ ug{ / s'g} Joj:yfnfO{c:jLsf/ ug{ ldNg] x'Fb}g . ;fy} ;+ljwfg;Fulgodsf] Joj:yf aflemPsf] eGg' dfq kof{Kt x'Fb}g .s] s:tf] cfwf/ / sf/0f ;+ljwfg;Fu aflemPsf]xf] < lgj]bsn] ;f] :ki6?kdf pNn]v ug{ ;s]sf]kfOFb}g . ;+ljwfg;Fu s'g} lgod aflemPsf] 5egL eGg' dfq kof{Kt x'Fb}g / ;f] aflemPsf] cfwf// sf/0f lbg ;Sg'kg]{df ;f] lgj]bgdf v'nfOPsf]5}g . dsf{ k/]sf] eP lgoddf ;+zf]wg x'Fbfs};dodf of] o; Joj:yfaf6 cfkm"nfO{ dsf{ k¥of]egL tTsfn pkrf/sf] dfu{ cjnDag ug'{kg]{df;f] klg u/]sf] kfOPg . o;af6 oL lgj]bsn] oltnfdf] ;do;Dd lgodnfO{ kfngf u/L a;]kl5;f]xL lgodnfO{ cGoyf eGg ldNg] cj:yf klgxF'b}g .


549549549549549


(= ca rf }yf ] k |Zg lgj ]bgdfuadf]lhdsf] cfb]z hf/L x'g] gx'g] ;DaGwdfljrf/ ubf{ /fli6«o jfl0fHo a} +s sd{rf/LlgodfjnL, @)@# sf] ;'ljwf kfpg' kg]{ bfjLlnPsf lgj]bsn] /fli6«o jfl0fHo a}+s sd{rf/L;]jf ljlgodfjnL, @)^! adf]lhdsf] pd]/sf]cfwf/df geO{ #) jif{ ;]jf cjlwsf] cfwf/dfcjsfz lbPsf]nfO{ :jLsf/ u/L ;f] nfO{ r'gf}tLglbPsf], lgj]bsn] ;]jf k|j]z ubf{sf cj:yfsf]lgodfjnLsf] Joj:yfadf]lhd ge} xfn axfn/x]sf] lgodfjnLadf]lhd ;'ljwf kfpg] ePsf],a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yf;DaGwL cWofb]z, @)^! /xfn nfu" /x]sf] a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yf ;DaGwLP]g, @)^# sf] bkmf (! -@_ -u_ n] lbPsf] clwsf/k|of]u u/L /fli6«o jfl0fHo a}+ssf] ;~rfns;ldltn] xfnsf] /fli6«o jfl0fHo a}+s sd{rf/L;]jf ljlgodfjnL, @)^! agfPsf] b]lvPsf] //fli6«o jfl0fHo a}+ssf] ;~rfns ;ldltnfO{clVtof/ lbg] pQm sfg"gL Joj:yfnfO{ lgj]bsn]r'gf}tL glbO{ :jLsf/ u/L a;]sf] b]lvPsf] / dft[P]gnfO{ :jLsf/ u/L a;]kl5 ;f]adf]lhd ag]sf]lgod ljlgodnfO{ lgj]bsn] :jLsf/ u/]sf]dfGg'kg]{ x'Fbf / xfnsf] /fli6«o jfl0fHo a}+s sd{rf/L;]jf ljlgodfjnL, @)^! adf]lhdsf] ;'ljwf lbOPgeGg] lgj]bg lhsL/ ge} ;fljssf] /fli6«o jfl0fHoa}+ssf] sd{rf/L lgodfjnL, @)@# adf]lhdsf];'ljwf lbOPg eGg] lgj]bg eGg] lgj]bg lhsL/ePsf]n] /fli6«o jfl0fHo a}+ssf] sd{rf/L lgodfjnL@)@# adf]lhd lgj[lQe/0f kfpg' kg]{ eGg] lgj]bgsfg"g;+ut b]lvg cfPg .

ctM plNnlvt a'Fbf k|df0f ;d]taf6lgj]bssf] dfuadf]lhd /fli6«o jfl0fHo a}+ssd{rf/L ;]jf ljlgodfjnL @)^! sf] lgod %#;+ljwfg;Fu aflemPsf] gb]lvFbf dfuadf]lhdsf]cfb]z hf/L ug{ ldn]g . l/6 lgj]bg vf/]h x'g]

7x5{ . bfo/Lsf ] nut s§f u/L ldl;nlgodadf]lhd a'emfOlbg" .pQm /fodf ;xdt 5fF} .Gof=/fds'df/k|;fb zfxGof=;'zLnf sfsL{Olt ;+jt\ @)^% ;fn kmfu'g !% ut] /f]h % z'ed\\

Ohnf; clws[tM gf/fo0f kGyL

lg=g+= *!!% ;fpg, @)^^

;jf]{Rr cbfnt, k"0f{ Ohnf;dfggLo GofofwLz >L /fdk|;fb >]i7

dfggLo GofofwLz >L bfdf]b/k|;fb zdf{dfggLo GofofwLz >L tflx/ cnL cG;f/L

kmf}=k'=O{=g+=–)^%–CF–))!@km};nf ldltM @)^^.#.$.%

d'2f M– st{Jo Hofg .

k'g/fj]bs ÷jfbLM z'saxfb'/ /fO{sf] hfx]/Ln] g]kfn;/sf/

lj?4k|ToyL { ÷k|ltjfbLM ;'g;/L lhNnf, w/fg

gu/kflnsf j8f g+= !! d+unjf/] a:g]cho /fO{ ;d]t

z'? km};nf ug]{Mdf=lh=Gof= >L xl/s'df/ kf]v/]n

k'g/fj]bg km};nf ug]{Mdf=sf=d'=d'=Gof= >L sfdfgGbk|;fb b]jdf=Gof= >L v]d/fh zdf{

§ cbfnt;dIf OGsf/ /xFb}df ;kmfOcbfnt;dIf OGsf/ /xFb}df ;kmfOcbfnt;dIf OGsf/ /xFb}df ;kmfOcbfnt;dIf OGsf/ /xFb}df ;kmfOcbfnt;dIf OGsf/ /xFb}df ;kmfOkfpg] eGg ] x ' Fb }g . clwsf/k | fKtkfpg] eGg ] x ' Fb }g . clwsf/k | fKtkfpg] eGg ] x ' Fb }g . clwsf/k | fKtkfpg] eGg ] x ' Fb }g . clwsf/k | fKtkfpg] eGg ] x ' Fb }g . clwsf/k | fKtclwsf/L;dIfsf] jofgnfO{ ;dy{gclwsf/L;dIfsf] jofgnfO{ ;dy{gclwsf/L;dIfsf] jofgnfO{ ;dy{gclwsf/L;dIfsf] jofgnfO{ ;dy{gclwsf/L;dIfsf] jofgnfO{ ;dy{gug ] { cGo tYox¿ 5g \ eg ] tLug ] { cGo tYox¿ 5g \ eg ] tLug ] { cGo tYox¿ 5g \ eg ] tLug ] { cGo tYox¿ 5g \ eg ] tLug ] { cGo tYox¿ 5g \ eg ] tL

550550550550550

tYox¿nfO { 36gfsf ] ;du|tf; FutYox¿nfO { 36gfsf ] ;du|tf; FutYox¿nfO { 36gfsf ] ;du|tf; FutYox¿nfO { 36gfsf ] ;du|tf; FutYox¿nfO { 36gfsf ] ;du|tf; FubfFh]/ x]g' {kg] { .bfFh]/ x]g' {kg] { .bfFh]/ x]g' {kg] { .bfFh]/ x]g' {kg] { .bfFh]/ x]g' {kg] { .

-k|s/0f g+=#_§ h;sf ] kf ]nsf cfwf/df ;Gbe {h;sf ] k f ]nsf cfwf/df ;Gbe {h;sf ] k f ]nsf cfwf/df ;Gbe {h;sf ] k f ]nsf cfwf/df ;Gbe {h;sf ] k f ]nsf cfwf/df ;Gbe {

p7]sf] xf] :jo+n] g} ls6fgL;fy ge}p7]sf] xf] :jo+n] g} ls6fgL;fy ge}p7]sf] xf] :jo+n] g} ls6fgL;fy ge}p7]sf] xf] :jo+n] g} ls6fgL;fy ge}p7]sf] xf] :jo+n] g} ls6fgL;fy ge};'g]sf ] egL JoQm u/]sf ] sygsf;'g]sf ] egL JoQm u/]sf ] sygsf;'g]sf ] egL JoQm u/]sf ] sygsf;'g]sf ] egL JoQm u/]sf ] sygsf;'g]sf ] egL JoQm u/]sf ] sygsfcfwf/df s; }nfO { Hofg;DaGwLcfwf/df s; }nfO { Hofg;DaGwLcfwf/df s; }nfO { Hofg;DaGwLcfwf/df s; }nfO { Hofg;DaGwLcfwf/df s; }nfO { Hofg;DaGwLs;"/df s;"/bf/ 7x¥ofpg gldNg] .s;"/df s;"/bf/ 7x¥ofpg gldNg] .s;"/df s;"/bf/ 7x¥ofpg gldNg] .s;"/df s;"/bf/ 7x¥ofpg gldNg] .s;"/df s;"/bf/ 7x¥ofpg gldNg] .

§ s]jn cleof]u nufpg' dfq s;"/s]jn cleof]u nufpg' dfq s;"/s]jn cleof]u nufpg' dfq s;"/s]jn cleof]u nufpg' dfq s;"/s]jn cleof]u nufpg' dfq s;"/:yf lkt ug ] { cfwf/ x 'g ;Sb }g,:yf lkt ug ] { cfwf/ x 'g ;Sb }g,:yf lkt ug ] { cfwf/ x 'g ;Sb }g,:yf lkt ug ] { cfwf/ x 'g ;Sb }g,:yf lkt ug ] { cfwf/ x 'g ;Sb }g,cleof]u k|dfl0ft ug]{ bfloTj klgcleof]u k|dfl0ft ug]{ bfloTj klgcleof]u k|dfl0ft ug]{ bfloTj klgcleof]u k|dfl0ft ug]{ bfloTj klgcleof]u k|dfl0ft ug]{ bfloTj klgjfbL kIfn] jxg ug'{k5{ . kmf}hbf/LjfbL kIfn] jxg ug'{k5{ . kmf}hbf/LjfbL kIfn] jxg ug'{k5{ . kmf}hbf/LjfbL kIfn] jxg ug'{k5{ . kmf}hbf/LjfbL kIfn] jxg ug'{k5{ . kmf}hbf/Ld '2 fdf z +sfsf ] e/df s; }nfO {d '2 fdf z +sfsf ] e/df s; }nfO {d '2 fdf z +sfsf ] e/df s; }nfO {d '2 fdf z +sfsf ] e/df s; }nfO {d '2 fdf z +sfsf ] e/df s; }nfO {s;"/bf/ 7x¥ofpg gldNg] .s;"/bf/ 7x¥ofpg gldNg] .s;"/bf/ 7x¥ofpg gldNg] .s;"/bf/ 7x¥ofpg gldNg] .s;"/bf/ 7x¥ofpg gldNg] .

-k|s/0f g+=$_k'g/fj]bs jfbL tkm{af6Mljåfg ;xGofoflwjQmf>L an/fd zdf{k|ToyL{ k|ltjfbL tkm{af6McjnlDjt ghL/M;Da4 sfg"gM§ Hofg;DaGwLsf] !#-!_ g+= / !#-#_ g+=§ k|df0f P]g, @)#! sf] bkmf !)

km};nfGof=/fdk|;fb >]i7MGof=/fdk|;fb >]i7MGof=/fdk|;fb >]i7MGof=/fdk|;fb >]i7MGof=/fdk|;fb >]i7M k'g/fj]bg cbfnt

wgs'6fsf] ldlt @)^@.(.@! sf] km};nfpk/ Gofok|zf;g P]g, @)$* sf] bkmf (-!_-v_ adf]lhdldlt @)^#.%.% df jfbLsf] k'g/fj]bg k/]sf] /o;} d'2fdf k|ltjfbL cho /fO{sf] k'g/fj]bg k/Lo; cbfntaf6 ldlt @)^#.(.!@ df g} km};nfeO;s]sf ] b ] lv Fbf jfbL g]kfn ;/sf/sf ]k 'g/fj ]bgsf ] xsdf ;dfg:t/sf ] ; +o 'QmOhnf;af6 ljrf/ ug{ gldNg] eO{ k"0f{ Ohnf;dfk]z ug'{ egL ePsf] cfb]zadf]lhd o; Ohnf;dfk]z x'g cfPsf] k|:t't d'2fsf] ;+lIfKt tYo / 7x/o; k|sf/ 5 M

lhNnf wgs'6f cfxfn] l:yt k'/fgf] d"nuf]7 3/df /x]sf] a'jf kbdaxfb'/ /fO{ cfdfhoelQm /fO{nfO{ ldlt @)^).&.@& ut] /fltcGbfhL @=)) ah]sf] ;dodf c1ft JolQmx¿cfO{ afa'cfdfnfO{ wfl/nf] xltof/n] k|xf/ u/La]xf]; 3fOt] agfO{ # tf]nf a/fa/sf ;'gsf uxgf/ gub ?=#(,))).– 8fFsf u/L km/f/ ePsf /afa'sf] d[To' ePsf] x'Fbf ck/fwLnfO{ vf]htnf;u/L sfg"gadf]lhd xb};Ddsf] sf/jfxL ;hfoul/kfpmF eGg] ;d]t Joxf]/fsf] hfx]/L b/vf:t .

d[ts kbdaxfb'/ /fO{sf] b]j|] sfgsf] aLrefuaf6 b]j]|ufnftkm{ % OGr nDafOsf] wfl/nf]xltof/n] sf6]sf], bfOg] s'd kftf]df & OGr nDafO{wfl/nf] xltof/n] sf6]sf], ulx/f] rf]6 / lgnf] rf]6b]lvPsf] eGg] ;d]t Joxf]/fsf] nfz k|s[lt d'r'Nsf .

d[ts kbdaxfb'/sf] 6fpsf] k5fl8 kl§sfFwdf wfl/nf] xltof/åf/f ulx/f] rf]6 nfuLcToflws /Qm>fj ePsf] sf/0f d[To' ePsf] eGg];d]t Joxf]/fsf] nfz k/LIf0f k|ltj]bg .

hoelQm /fO{sf] z/L/sf] ljleGg efudfafF;sf] ef6fn] s'6]sf] lgn8fd / xftdf v's'/Ln]sf6]sf] ulx/f] rf]6 /x]sf] eGg] ;d]t Joxf]/fsf]lghsf] 3fp hfFr s]z kmf/d .

d]/f] >LdfgnfO{ wfl/nf] xltof/ v's'/Lk|of]u u/L df/]sf] / dnfO{ ;d]t 3fOt] agfO{;'gsf uxgf / gub 8fFsf u/L nfg] dWo]sf oLcho /fO{ klg Ps x'g\ eGg] ;d]t Joxf]/fsf]hoelQm /fO{n] u/L lbPsf] ;gfvt sfuh .

;'/h /fO{, ljgf]b tfdfË, /Ghg /fO{,ljgf]b /fO{, cljgf; /fO{, bLks yfkf / d;d]teO{ tfd|fª d]nfdf uO{ 8fO{; v]nfpFbf k};f;lsPsf]n] n'6kf6 ug]{ of]hgf agfO{ kms]{sf]dfaf6f]df PsfGtdf kbdaxfb''/ /fO{sf] 3/ kg]{ x'Fbflgh kbdaxfb'/nfO{ v's'/L, a~r/f]n] xfgLhoelQm /fO{;d]tnfO{ 3fOt] agfO{ ;'gsf uxgf/ gub 8fFsf u/]sf] xf] eGg] ;d]t Joxf]/fsf]

*!!% *!!% *!!% *!!% *!!% - g]kfn ;/sf/ lj= cho /fO{ ;d]tg]kfn ;/sf/ lj= cho /fO{ ;d]tg]kfn ;/sf/ lj= cho /fO{ ;d]tg]kfn ;/sf/ lj= cho /fO{ ;d]tg]kfn ;/sf/ lj= cho /fO{ ;d]t

551551551551551


k | ltjfbL cho /fO {sf ] clwsf/k | f Ktclwsf/L;dIfsf] aofg .

lhNnf wgs'6f cfxfn] uf=lj=;=jf8{ g+=@ l:yt kbdaxfb'/ /fO{sf] 3/sf] l;s'jfsf] vf6df;'lt/x]sf] cj:yfdf kbdaxfb'/ /fO{nfO{ wfl/nf]xltof/ v's'/L k|xf/ u/L df/]sf] / d[tssf] >LdtLhoelQm /fO{nfO{ 3fO{t] agfPsf] eGg] ;d]tJoxf]/fsf] 36gf:yn d'r'Nsf .

ldlt @)^).&.@& ut] /flt hfx]/jfnfsfafa' kbdaxfb'/nfO{ df/L hoelQmnfO{ 3fO{t]agfPsf] / wgdfn 8fFsf u/]sf] ;'g]sf] xf] . pQm36gf cljgf; /fO{, bLks yfkf, ;'/h tfdfª ,ljgf]b tfdfª, ljgf]b /fO{ / /~hg /fO{ ;d]tn]u/]sf x'g\ eGg] ;d]t Joxf]/fsf] Odfg l+;+x /fO{;d]tn] u/L lbPsf] j:t'l:ylt d'r'Nsf .

k|ltjfbL cho /fO{, ;'/h nfdf, ljgf]btfdfª, cljgf; /fO{, ljgf]b /fO{ / bLks yfkf;d]tn] hfx]/jfnfsf] afa' kbdaxfb'/nfO{ lghs}3/df wfl/nf] xltof/ v's'/L, a~r/f] k|xf/ u/La]xf]; agfO{ df/L / cfdf hoelQmnfO{ 3fOt]agfO{ ;'gsf uxgf / gub;d]t 8fFsf u/L nu]sf]Joxf]/f ldl;n ;+nUg sfuh k|df0f / k|ltjfbLcho /fO{sf] aofgaf6 k'li6 x'g cfPsf]n]lghx¿sf] pQm s;"/ Hofg;DaGwL] dxnsf]!#-!_ g+= tyf rf]/Lsf] !$-$_ g+= adf]lhdsf]ck/fw x'Fbf lghx¿nfO{ Hofg;DaGwL dxnsf]!#-!_ g+= tyf rf]/Lsf] !$-$_ g+= adf]lhd ;hfoul/kfpmFF eGg] ;d]t Joxf]/fsf] cleof]u kq .

k|jLg /fO{, ls/0f /fO{, s'df/ /fO{, cd/;'Aaf, ljdn ;'Aaf, ;~h' tfdfª / d;d]t jf/bftePsf] elgPsf] ldlt / ;dodf tfd|fª d]nfdflyof}+ . plNnlvt jf/bft d;d]t eO{ 36fPsf]eGg] Joxf]/f em"7f xf] . ;'/h nfdf, ljgf]b tfdfª,cljgf; /fO{, ljgf]b /fO{ / bLks yfkf ;d]tn]ck/fw u/]sf x'g\ eGg] ;'g]sf] x'F . t;y{ d}n]cleof]u dfubfjLcg';f/sf] s;"/ gu/]sf]n]

cleof]u bfjLaf6 km';{b ul/kfpmF eGg] ;d]tJoxf]/fsf] k|ltjfbL cho /fO{sf] cbfnt;dIfsf]aofg .

tTsfn k|fKt cfwf/ k|df0faf6 k|ltjfbLcho /fO{n] cf/f]lkt s;"/ u/]sf] xf]Ogg\ egLljZjf; ug{;Sg] cj:yf gx'Fbf kl5 7x/]adf]lhdx'g] u/L k|ltjfbLnfO{ c=j+= !!* g+= sf] b]xfo @adf]lhd k'k{Ifsf] lglDt y'gfdf /fVg' eGg] ;d]tJoxf]/fsf] ldlt @)^).!@.* sf] y'g5]s cfb]z .

km/f/dWo]sf k|ltjfbLx¿sf gfddfjf/]G6;lxtsf] Dofb hf/L ug' { eGg] ldlt@)^).!@.* sf] cfb]zfg';f/ km/f/ k|ltjfbLx¿sfgfddf jf/]G6;lxtsf] Dofb hf/L ePsf]dfk|ltjfbLx¿ /Ghg /fO{, cljgf; /fO{, ljgf]b /fO{,;'/h nfdf / ljgf]b tfdfª Dofbdf xflh/ x'ggcfO{ u'hf/L a;]sf] .

hfx]/Ldf plNnlvt 36gf sf]–s;n] s]–s;/L 36fP dnfO{ s]xL yfxf 5}g . jf/bft ePsf]elgPsf] ldlt / ;dodf d cfˆg} 3/df lyPF .k|ltjfbL cho /fO{n] d]/f] gfd lsg kf]n]sf x'g\pg} hfg"g\ . cleof]u kq Joxf]/fdf n]lvPsf]s;"/df d]/f] s'g} lsl;dsf] ;+nUgtf 5}g, t;y{d}n] ;kmfO kfpg' kg]{ xf] eGg] ;d]t Joxf]/fsf]Dofbdf xflh/ x'g cfPsf k|ltjfbL bLks yfkfn]cbfnt;dIf u/]sf] aofg .

k|ltjfbL ;'/h nfdf, ljgf]b tfdfª, ljgf]b/fO{, cljgf; /fO{ tyf /~hg /fO{sf gfpFdf hf/LePsf] Dofb ldlt @)^!.#.& df tfd]n ePsf]dfk|ltjfbLx¿ Dofbdf xflh/ geO{ u'hf/L a;]sf]n]jfbL k|ltjfbLsf ;fIfL a'em\g' eGg] ;d]t Joxf]/fsf]ldlt @)^!.*.!$ sf] cfb]zfg';f/ ;'saxfb'/ /fO{,c?0f s6'jfn, b]jL /fO{ / nfzaxfb'/ /fO{n]cbfnt;dIf u/]sf] askq .

km/f/ k|ltjfbLx¿sf gfdsf] c+z /f]Ssfug'{ eGg] ;d]t Joxf]/fsf] ldlt @)^!.!).^ sf]cfb]zfg';f/ c+z /f]Ssfsf] nflu n]vL k7fPsf]df

552552552552552

km/f/ k|ltjfbLx¿sf] c+z /f]Ssfsf] d'r'Nsf eO{r=g++ %#%& sf] kq ;fy k|fKt ePsf] .

k|ltj]bsx¿ k|=;=lg=u0f]zk|;fb e§/fO{/ k|=x=pk]Gb| k/fh'nLnfO{ lemsfO{ a'em\g' eGg]ldlt @)^!.!@.@( df ePsf] cfb]zfg';f/lghx¿nfO{ a'em\g lhNnf ;/sf/L jsLn sfof{nowgs'6fdfkm{t kqfrf/ ePsf]df lghx¿ pkl:ytx'g gcfPsf .

k|ltjfbLdWo]sf cho /fO{n] clwsf/k|fKtclwsf/L;dIf u/]sf] aofg, ;f] aofgnfO{ 3fphfFr s]z kmf/fdn] k'li6;d]t u/]sf], k|ltjfbLsf]o; cbfntdf ePsf] jofg / lghsf] ;fIfLsf]askqdf Ps?ktf geO{ lj/f]wfefif b]lvPsf],>LdtL hoelQm /fO{ jf/bftsf] k|ToIfbzL{ ePsf]/ lghn] oL k|ltjfbL cho /fO{;d]tn] k|:t'tjf/bft 36fPsf] egL :ki6 pNn]v u/L o;cbfntdf cfO{ askq ;d]t u/]af6 k|ltjfbLcho /fO{n] cf/f]lkt Hofg;DaGwLsf] s;"/ u/]sf]7x/]sf]n] lghnfO{ Hofg;DaGwL dxnsf] !# -#_g+= adf]lhd hGds}b x'g] 7x5{, ;fy} csf{ k|ltjfbLbLks yfkfsf] xsdf cf/f]lkt s;"/df OGsf//xL o; cbfntdf aofg u/]sf], lghn] cf/f]lkts;"/ u/]sf] eGg] k|ltj]bg lbg] k|ltj]bs k|x/Lx¿pkl:yt u/fO{ cleof]unfO{ k'li6 u/]sf] cj:yfklg ldl;naf6 gb]lvPaf6 e/kbf{] k|df0fsf]cefjdf k|ltjfbL bLks yfkfn] cleof]u bfjLaf6;kmfO kfpg] 7xg{'sf ;fy} 8fFsftkm{sf] dfubfjLtkm{ s]jn hfx]/L b/vf:tdf dfq pNn]vePsf], 8fFsftkm{ cg';Gwfg u/]sf] ldl;naf6gb]lvO{ gubL, lhG;L s'g} ;fdfg a/fdb ePsf]gb]lvPaf6 k|ltjfbLx¿n] 8fFsf ;d]t u/]sf] eGg]k|df0fsf] cefj b]lvFbf 8fFsftkm{sf] cleof]u bfjLk'Ug g;Sg] 7x5{ eGg] ;d]t Joxf]/fsf] z'? wgs'6flhNnf cbfntsf] ldlt @)^@.#.( sf] km};nf .

k|ToIfbzL{ tyf kLl8t hoelQm /fO{n]k|x/Ldf u/]sf] sfuh Pj+ hfx]/jfnf;d]tn]

cbfntdf cfO{ u/]sf] askq tyf k|ltjfbL cho/fO{;d]tsf] cg';Gwfg clwsf/L Pj+ cbfntdfu/]sf] aofg;d]taf6 lgh k|ltjfbL bLks yfkf36gf:yndf pkl:yt eO{ jf/bft 36fpg ;+nUgb]lvPaf6 lghnfO{ ;d]t s;"/bf/ 7x¥ofpg' kg{]dflghnfO{ ;kmfO lbg] 7x¥ofPsf] wgs'6f lhNnfcbfntsf] km};nf q'l6k"0f{ x'Fbf ;f] km};nfnfO{ ab/u/L cleof]u dfu bfjLadf]lhd g} lgh k|ltjfbLbLks yfkfnfO{ ;hfo ul/kfpFm . ;fy} 8fFsfePsf] xf] eGg] s'/f ;'saxfb'/ /fO{sf] hfx]/Laf6b]lvO/x]sf], k|=;=lg= u0f]zk|;fb e§/fO{ ;d]tsf]k|ltj]bg Joxf]/fn] k'li6 u/]sf] 5 . k|x/Ldf sfuhug{] nfzaxfb'/ /fO{;d]tn] n]vfOlbPsf] j:t'l:yltd'r'Nsfdf ;d]t 8fFsf ePsf] s'/f pNn]v ePsf]b]lvG5 . k|:t't d'2fsf cGo % hgf k|ltjfbLxfn;Dd km/f/ g} /x]sf] l:ylt / k|ltjfbL bLksyfkf klg jf/bft ePsf] bz dlxgfkl5 dfqxflh/ x'g cfPsf] b]lvPsf]n], 8fFsf ePsf] gubLlhG;L j/fdb x'g g;Sg' :jfefljs b]lvG5 .8fFsf ug{] p2]Zoaf6 g} k|ltjfbLx¿n] d[tskbdaxfb'/ /fO{nfO{ wfl/nf] xltof/n] sf6L df/]sfn]z'? wgs'6f lhNnf cbfntn] 8fFsftkm{sf] dfubfjL k'Ug g;Sg] 7x¥ofPsf] km};nf ab/efuLx'Fbf ab/ u/L 8fFsf tkm{ ;d]t ;hfo ul/kfpmFeGg] ;d]t Joxf]/fsf] jfbL g]kfn ;/sf/sf] tkm{af6k'g/fj]bg cbfnt wgs'6fdf k/]sf] k'g/fj]bgkq .

k |:t 't d '2fdf b 'O { j6f 5 '§ f5 '§ }lj/f]wfefifk"0f{ hfx]/L kg{ cfPsf]n] ;f]tkm{ s'g}ljj]rgf gePsf], clwsf/ k|fKt clwsf/L;dIf;xL u/ egL u/fPsf] aofgnfO{ cfwf/ lnPsf],d}n] cbfnt;dIf u/]sf] OGsf/L aofgnfO{k|df0fdf u|x0f gul/Psf], k|x/Lx¿ cbfntdfpkl:yt eO{ cleof]u bfjLnfO{ k|dfl0ft u/fpgg;s]sf] cj:yf x'FbfxF'b} dnfO{ ;kmfO lbg' kg{]dfhGds}bsf] ;hfo ug{] u/]sf] wgs'6f lhNnf


553553553553553


cbfntaf6 ePsf] km};nf q'l6k"0f{ x'Fbf pQm km};nfpN6L u/L e"m7f] cleof]uaf6 km';{b kfpmF eGg];d]t Joxf]/fsf] k|ltjfbL cho /fO{n] sf/fuf/zfvf wgs'6fdfkm{t k'g/fj]bg cbfnt wgs'6fdfu/]sf] k'g/fj]bg lhsL/ .

o;df cf/f]lkt Hofg;DaGwL s;"/ 7x/ePtkm{ k|ltjfbL cho /fO{sf] / k|ltjfbL bLksyfkfnfO{ cleof]u bfjLaf6 ;kmfO lbg] u/L ePsf]km};nfpk/ g]kfn ;/sf/sf] k'g/fj]bg k/]sf]b]lvPsf]df km};nfdf ljj]lrt cfwf/ b'j} kIfnfO{lrQ ga'em]sf] b]lvFbf c=j+= @)@ g+= adf]lhdjfbL g]kfn ;/sf/sf] k'g/fj]bg ;DaGwdfk|ltjfbLx¿nfO{ lemsfpg] / k|ltjfbLsf] k'g/jf]bg;DaGwdf g]kfn ;/sf/nfO{ ;"rgf lbO{ cfPkl5jf cjlw JotLt ePkl5 lgodadf]lhd k]z ug{'eGg] ;d]t Joxf]/fsf] ldlt @)^@.^.^ sf] k'g/fj]bgcbfntsf] cfb]z .

o;df 36gf:yn nfz hfFr d'r'Nsf,zj k/LIf0f k|ltj]bg;d]taf6 d[ts kbdaxfb'//fO{sf] st{Joaf6 d[To' ePsf] b]lvFbf k|ltjfbLdWo]sf cho /fO{n] cbfnt;dIf cf/f]lkt s;"/dfOGsf/L aofg u/]sf] ePklg lghsf] df}sfdfclwsf/ k|fKt clwsf/L;dIf ePsf] ;fljtL aofg,36gfsf k|ToIfbzL{ d[tssf] >LdtL hoelQm/fO{n] oL k|ltjfbLx¿n] v's'/L k|xf/ u/]sf] egLaofg u/]sf] / lgh hoelQm /fO{nfO{ klg s'6kL6u/]sf]df lghsf] 3fp s]z kmf/ddf Cut Injury

pNn]v ePsf] b]lvFbf lgh k|ltjfbL cho /fO{sf]cbfnt;dIf u/]sf] OGsf/L aofg / ;f]nfO{k|dfl0ft ug{] lghsf] ;fIfLsf] aofgdf Ps?ktfg/x]af6 OGsf/L k|dfl0ft x'g cfPsf] ;d]t gkfO{+bfk|ltjfbL cho /fO{n] Hofg;DaGwLsf] s;"/ u/]sf]7x5{ . hxfF;Dd oL k|ltjfbLx¿nfO{ c=j+= !&#g+= adf]lhd k|ToIfbzL{n] ;gfvt ug{ g;s]sf]eGg] k|Zgtkm{ x]bf{ clwsf/ k|fKt clwsf/L;dIfsf]k|ltjfbLsf] ;fljtL tyf jf/bftdf pkl:yt /x]sf]

k|dfl0ft cfwf/ / oL k|ToIfbzL{n] b]v]sf] cj:yfnfO{cfkm" ;d]tnfO{ s'6kL6 u/]sf] l:ylt cj:yfn]k|dfl0ft ePsf] l:yltdf c=j+= !&# g+= sf] cfwf/af6;gfvt g} x'g'k5{ eGg] klg g/x]sf] ;d]tcfwf/af6 z'? cbfntn] lghnfO{ Hofg;DaGwLdxnsf] !#-#_ g+= adf]lhd hGd s}b x'g] 7x¥ofPsf]km};nf ldn]s} kfOG5 .

k|ltjfbL bLks yfkfsf] xsdf larf/ubf{ lghn] OGsf/ /xL cbfnt;dIf aofg u/Lcsf{ ;xcleo'Qmn] ck/fw u/]sf] egL cbfntsf]jofgsf] hjfkm g+= !$ df kf]n u/] klg pQmegfO{ ;'g]sf] xf] eGg] x'Fbf / ;'g]sf]nfO{ k|df0flng gldNg] x'gfn] oL k|ltjfbL;d]tn] cf/f]lkts;"/ u/]sf] egL k|ltj]bs k|x/Lx¿ pkl:yt u/fO{cleof]u bfjLnfO{ k'li6 u/fpg g;s]sf] /k|ToIfbzL{n] cbfnt;dIfsf] jskqsf] ;=h=%df bLks yfkf ;d]tsf] gfpF pNn]v u/] klglghn] s] s'g k|sf/af6 xltof/ xfgL df/]sf] xf]eGg] pNn]v ug{ g;sL cg';Gwfgsf] qmddf@)^).!!.!^ df bLkssf] gfpF vf]Ng ;d]t g;s]sf],b]vF] lrg] eGg] ;Dd /x]sf]df lghsf] ;+nUgtfd[tssf] st{Jo u/]sf]df /x]sf] kfO{b}g . To;tkm{k|ltjfbL bLks yfkfnfO{ ;kmfO lbg] u/]sf] z'?km};nf ldn]sf] kfOG5 . hxfF;Dd 8fFsf ;d]tsf]s;"/ oL k|ltjfbLx¿n] u/]sf] eGg] tkm{ x]bf{8fFsftkm{ cg';Gwfg ePsf] eP 8fFsf ePsf] gublhG;L a/fdb ePsf] x'g'kg{] ;f] b]lvFb}g . ;f]sf]cltl/Qm 8fFsftkm{ cGo cfwf/ k|df0fx¿ ;d]t/xg' kg{] ;f] gePsf] x'Fbf ;d]t 8fFsfdf ;hfou/L lauf] e/fO{ kfpmF eGg] cleof]u bfjL gk'Ug]7x/fO{ u/]sf] km};nf;d]t ldn]s} kfOG5 eGg];d]t Joxf]/fsf] k'g/fj]bg cbfnt wgs'6fsf]ldlt @)^@.(.@! sf]] km};nf .

k|:t't d'2fdf d[tsnfO{ wfl/nf] xltof/v's'/L k|xf/ u/L st{Jo u/L df/]sf] s'/fdf ljjfbg} g/x]sf] cj:yfdf k|ltjfbLnfO{ Hofg;DaGwLsf]

554554554554554

!#-!_ g+= adf]lhd ;hfo ug'{kg]{df !#-#_ g+=adf]lhd ;hfo u/]sf] km};nf q'l6k"0f{ /x]sf] 5 .k|ltjfbL cho /fO{n] :jLsf/ u/]sf] b'O{j6f tYox¿dWo] st{Jo Hofgtkm{sf] tYonfO{ k|df0fdf u|x0fu/L 8fFsftkm{sf] tYonfO{ u|x0f ul/Psf] 5}g,km/f/ /x]sf cleo'Qmx¿n] lnO{ uPsf] wgdfnnfO{j/fdb x'g g;s]sf] eGg] cfwf/df 8fFsftkm{sf]cleof]u bfjL k'Ug g;Sg] 7x¥ofPsf] km};nfljjflbt /x]sf] 5 . df}sfdf kqmfp k/]sf cho/fO{n] k|ltjfbL bLks yfkf ;d]t eO{ jf/bftu/]sf] egL pNn]v u/]sf] / jf/bftdf k/L 3fOt]ePsL hoelQm /fO{n] klg bLks yfkf;d]tnfO{jf/bftdf ;+nUg JolQmsf ¿kdf pNn]v u/]sf]cj:yfdf cbfnt;dIf OGsf/ /x]s} cfwf/dflgh k|ltjfbL bLks yfkfnfO{ ;kmfO lbg] 7x¥ofPsf]k'g/fj]bg cbfnt wgs'6fsf] km};nf ldn]sf] 5}g .t;y{ k|ltjfbL cho /fO{sf] xsdf Hofgtkm{sf]bfjL kl/jt{g u/L / 8fFsftkm{ cho /fO{nfO{ /st{Jo Hofg tyf 8fFsftkm{ bLks yfkfnfO{ ;kmfOlbg] u/L ePsf] k'g/fj]bg cbfnt wgs'6fsf]km};nf ;f] xb;Dd pN6L u/L k|ltjfbL cho /fO{tyf bLks yfkfnfO{ cleof]u bfjLadf]lhd ;hfou/L kLl8tnfO{ k|ltjfbLx¿af6 lauf];d]t e/fO{kfpmF eGg] ;d]t Joxf]/fsf] jfbL g]kfn ;/sf/sf]k'g/fj]bg kq .

o;df k|ltjfbL cho /fO{nfO{ d'n'sLP]g, Hofg;DaGwLsf] !#-!_ g+= sf] bfjL ePsf]df!#-#_ g+= adf]lhd ;hfo u/]sf] k'g/fj]bgcbfntsf] km};nfpk/ g]kfn ;/sf/sf] k|:t'tk'g/fj]bg k/]sf] b]lvPsf] t/ lgh k|ltjfbL cho/fO{nfO{ ePsf] ;f] ;hfopk/ lghn] o; cbfntdfkmf}=k'=g+= #&@$ sf] k'g/fj]bg bfo/ u/L ldlt@)^#.(.!@ df o; cbfntaf6 ;b/ x'g] 7x/Lkm};nf eO;s]sf] b]lvFbf g]kfn ;/s–f/sf] k|:t'tk'g/fj]bgpk/ ;dfg:t/sf] Ohnf;af6 ljrf/ug{ gldNg] x'Fbf ;jf]{Rr cbfnt lgodfjnL, @)$(

sf] lgod #-3_ adf]lhd k|:t't k'g/fj]bg k"0f{Ohnf;df k]z ug'{ eGg] ;d]t Joxf]/fsf] o;cbfnt ;+o'Qm Ohnf;af6 ldlt @)^%.!!.$ dfePsf] cfb]z .

lgodadf]lhd k]z x'g cfPsf] k|:t'td'2fdf ;Dk"0f{ ldl;n cWoog u/L x]bf{ a'jfkbdaxfb'/ /fO{ / cfdf hoelQm /fO{ uf]7 3/df/x]sf] ;dodf ldlt @)^).&.@& ut] /flt cGbfhL@=)) ah]sf] ;dodf c1ft JolQmx¿ cfO{ afa'cfdfnfO{ wfl/nf] xltof/n] k|xf/ u/L a]xf]; 3fOt]agfO{ ;'gsf uxgf / gub;d]t 8fFsf u/L km/f/ePsf / afa'sf] d[To' ePsf] x'Fbf sfg"gadf]lhdsf/jfxL ul/kfpmF egL k/]sf] hfx]/Lsf cfwf/dfcg';Gwfg x'Fbf kqmfp k/]sf cho /fO{n] cfkm" /cGo JolQmx¿ ;d]t eO{ PsfGtdf /x]sf]kbdaxfb''/ /fO{sf] 3/df k;L lgh kbdaxfb'/nfO{v's'/L, a~r/f]n] xfgL hoelQm /fO{;d]tnfO{ 3fOt]agfO{ ;'gsf uxgf / gub 8fFsf u/]sf] egLclwsf/k|fKt clwsf/L;dIf aofg u/]sf] b]lvG5 .To;afx]s 36gf:yn d'r'Nsf, nfz k|s[ltd'r'Nsf, j:t'l:ylt d'r'Nsf / zj k/LIf0f k|ltj]bg;d]tsf cfwf/df cho /fO{;d]tsf k|ltjfbLx¿n]kbdaxfb'/nfO{ lghs} 3/df wfl/nf] xltof/ v's'/L,a~r/f] k|xf/ u/L a]xf]; agfO{ df/L / hoelQm/fO{nfO{ 3fOt] agfO{ ;'gsf uxgf / gub;d]t8fFsf u/L nu]sf] k'li6 x'g cfPsf]n] lghx¿nfO{Hofg;DaGwL dxnsf] !#-!_ g+= tyf rf]/Lsf] !$-$_ g+= adf]lhd ;hfo ul/kfpmF eGg] cleof]ukq bfo/ ePsf] b]lvG5 . k|ltjfbL cho /fO{cbfnt;dIf pkl:yt e} jofg ubf{ s;"/ u/]sf]s'/fdf OGsf/ /x]sf 5g\ eg] csf{ k|ltjfbL bLksyfkfn] 36gfk|lt g} cgle1tf k|s6 u/L OGsf/Ljofg lbPsf 5g\ . z'? cbfntn] k|ltjfbL cho/fO{n] cf/f]lkt s;"/ ck/fw u/]sf]n] lghnfO{Hofg;DaGwL dxnsf] !#-#_ g+= adf]lhdhGds}bsf] ;hfo x'g], csf{ k|ltjfbL bLks yfkfn]


555555555555555


cleof]u bfjLaf6 ;kmfO kfpg] / 8fFsftkm{sf]cleof]u bfjL k'Ug g;Sg] 7x¥ofO{ u/]sf] km};nfpk/ jfbL g]kfn ;/sf/ / k|ltjfbL cho /fO{sf]k'g/fj]bg k/]sf]df k'g/fj]bg cbfnt wgs'6fn]z'? km};nf ;b/ x'g] 7x¥ofPpk/ o; cbfntdfjfbL g]kfn ;/sf/ / k|ltjfbL cho /fO{sf] 5'6[f5'6[}k'g/fj]bg kg{ cfPsf] cj:yf b]lvG5 . t/ cho/fO{sf] k'g/fj]bgsf xsdf o; cl3 g} ldlt@)^#.(.!@ df o; cbfntsf] ;+o'Qm Ohnf;af6k'g/fj]bg cbfnt wgs'6fsf] km};nf ;b/ x'g]7x¥ofO{ km};nf e};s]sf] ;Gbe{df jfbL g]kfn;/sf/sf] k|:t't k'g/fj]bgsf] xsdf ;dfg:t/sf];+o'Qm Ohnf;af6 ljrf/ ug{ gldNg] eO{ k"0f{Ohnf;df k]z ug'{ egL ePsf] cfb]zadf]lhdk|:t't d'2f o; Ohnf;;dIf k]z x'g cfPsf]b]lvG5 .

plNnlvt tYo /x]sf] k|:t't d'2fdfk'g/fj]bs÷jfbL g]kfn ;/sf/sf tkm{af6pkl:yt x'g' ePsf ljåfg ;xGofoflwjQmf >Lan/fd zdf{n] k|ltjfbLx¿sf] klxnf] p2]Zo g}8fFsf ug]{ /x]sf] eGg] s'/f hfx]/L b/vf:t /k | ltjfbL cho /fO {sf ] clwsf/k | f Ktclwsf/L;dIfsf] jofgaf6 k'li6 e}/x]sf] / k|:t'td'2fdf ;Fu;Fu} ePsf 8fFsf / st{Jo Hofg;DaGwLjf/bftdWo] 8fFsfnfO{ cnu u/L Hofgtkm{ dfqaf]Ng gldNg], ;fy} k|ltjfbL dWo]sf bLks yfkfklg s;"/bf/ /x]sf] eGg] s'/f csf{ k|ltjfbL cho/fO{sf] jofgaf6 b]lvO{ /x]sf] l:yltdf To;tkm{Wofg g} glbO{ ePsf] k'g/fj]bg cbfnt wgs'6fsf]km};nf q'l6k"0f{ /x]sf] x'Fbf pN6L u/L cleof]ubfjLadf]lhd ;hfo x'g'k5{ egL ax; ug'{eof] .

k|:t't d'2fdf ljBdfg /x]sf] tYo, jfbLg]kfn ;/sf/sf tkm{af6 k/]sf] k'g/fj]bgkq /Ohnf;;dIf k]z ePsf] ax; a'Fbf ;d]tnfO{ b[li6utu/L x]bf{ k|:t't d'2fdf b]xfosf k|Zgx¿sf] lg?k0fu/L lgisif{df k'Ug'kg]{ b]lvG5 –

!= k|:t't d'2f;Fu ;DalGwt 36gfqmdsfcfwf/df Hofg;DaGwLsf] !#-!_ / P]= sf] !# -#_ g+= dWo] s'g g+= cg';f/sf] s;"/ ck/fwePsf] cj:yf 5 < / k|ltjfbL cho /fO{nfO{!#-#_ g+ adf]lhd ;hfo ug]{ u/]sf] k'g/fj]bgcbfnt wgs'6fsf] km};nf ldn]sf] 5 jf 5}g <

@= cleof]u kqdf bfjL lnOPh:tf] s;"/ck/fwdf k|ltjfbLdWo]sf bLks yfkfsf];+nUgtf b]lvG5 jf b]lvFb}g < / lgh bLksyfkfnfO{ ;kmfO lbg] 7x¥ofPsf] xb;Ddk'g/fj]bg cbfnt wgs'6fsf] km};nf ldn]sf]5 5}g <

#= k|:t't d'2fdf cleof]u kqdf bfjLlnOPsf] 8fFsftkm{sf] dfu bfjL k'Ug ;Sg]cj:yf 5 5}g < / 8fFsftkm{sf] cleof]u dfubfjL k'Ug g;Sg] 7x¥ofPsf] k'g/fj]bg cbfntwgs'6fsf] km};nf ldn]sf] 5 5}g <

@= ;j{k|yd klxnf] k|Zgdf ljrf/u/f}F . Hofg;DaGwLsf] !#-!_ g+= / !#-#_ g+= sfaLrsf] km/s 5'6\ofpFbf s] s:tf] xltof/sf] k|of]uePsf] 5 / sf] s;sf] rf]6n] d/]sf] xf] eGg]v'n]sf] 5 5}g eGg] h:tf ljifodf :ki6 x'g'h?/L x'G5 . To;sf nflu d[tssf] d[To'sf] sf/0f,z/L/df b]lvPsf 3fp rf]6sf] cj:yf / k|s[ltnfO{ulxl/P/ x]g'{kg]{ x'Fbf hfx]/L b/vf:t, nfz hfFrd'r'Nsf, zj k/LIf0f k|ltj]bg, k|ltjfbLsf] syg/ cGo ;Da4 k|df0fx¿sf] ljZn]if0f ug'{ cfjZosx'G5 . k|ydtM hfx]/L b/vf:tsf] Joxf]/fnfO{ x]bf{ldlt @)^).&.@& ut] /flt @=)) jh]sf] ;dodfPs hgf c1ft JolQmn] ;'lt/x]sf] cj:yfdf /x]sfcfkm\gf afa' kbdaxfb'/ /fO{nfO{ 6fpsf]sf] bflxg]kl6[ PSsf;L xltof/n] k|xf/ u/]sf] / k|xf/sf]rf]6 vKg g;sL s/fpFbf cfdfn] yfxf kfO{k|ltsf/ ug{ vf]Hbf cfdf hoelQm /fO{nfO{ ;d]t

556556556556556

sfgsf] dflyNnf] efu 6fpsf] / bflxg] xTs]nfdf;d]t xltof/n] k|xf/ u/L /QmfDo] agfPsf], ToxLk|xf/af6 afa'sf] d[To' ePsf]n] zj jL=kL=sf]O/fnf:jf:Yo lj1fg k|lti7fgsf] zj u[xdf /fvL cfdfsf]pkrf/ ;f]xL k|lti7fgdf e}/x]sf] cj:yf ;d]tbzf{O{ cfjZos sf/jfxL ul/kfpmF egL d[tssf5f]/f z'saxfb'/ /fO{sf] hfx]/L k/]sf] b]lvG5 .hfx]/L b/vf:t kZrft\ ul/Psf] 36gf:yn÷nfzhfFr d'r'Nsfdf d[ts nfzsf] b]a|] sfgsf] aLrefuaf6 b]a|] ufnftkm{ % O~r nDafO{sf] wfl/nf]xltof/n] sfl6Psf] ulx/f] rf]6 /x]sf] eGg] Joxf]/fpNn]v ul/Psf] 5 eg] zj k/LIf0f k|ltj]bgdfd[To'sf] sf/0fdf Injury to brain and lung as a

result of sharp weapon injury to head and back

of right shoulder elgPsf] 5 . To;}u/L 3fOt]hoelQm /fO{sf] 3fp hfFr s]z kmf/fd -Injury

Report_ df Physical assault -Hit by Khukuri

and Bamboo Stick_ eGg] Joxf]/f pNn]v ul/Psf]5 . 36gfsf] k|ToIfbzL{sf ¿kdf /x]sL /cfkm}+;d]t 3fOt] ePsL hoelQm /fO{n] k|x/L;dIful/lbPsf] sfuhdf ;'lt/x]sf cfkm\gf kltnfO{p7fO{ sf6\g] lxsf{pg] u/]kl5 kL8f vKg g;sLlrRofPsf kltsf] cfjfh ;'gL aflx/ cfO{ x]bf{a~r/f], v's'/Ln] z/L/sf] ljleGg efudf k|xf/u/]sf] b]vL arfp ug{ vf]Hbf cfkm"nfO{ ;d]tv's'/Ln] 6fpsf]df k|xf/ u/L 3fOt] t'NofPsf]Joxf]/f pNn]v u/]sL 5g\ . k|ltjfbLdWo] k|x/L;dIfpkl:yt x'g] cho /fO{n] d[ts kbdaxfb'/nfO{v's'/L / a~r/f];d]tn] k|xf/ ePsf] s'/fnfO{:jLsf/ u/]sf 5g\, t/ pgsf] jofgdf klg s;}n]d'v y'g]sf], s;}n] v's'/Ln] k|xf/ u/]sf], ;'/hnfdfn] a~r/f] l6kL 6fpsf]df lxsf{O{ e"O{+dfn8fPsf] eGg] ;d]tsf] Joxf]/f pNn]v 5 . k|:t'td'2fdf ;+sng e} jfbL kIfaf6 k]z ul/Psfk|df0fx¿dWo] s'g} klg k|df0faf6 of] o;n] df/]sf]jf o;}sf] rf]6n] d/]sf] eGg] slxF st}af6

:ki6¿kdf v'n]sf] kfO{+b}g . 36gfsf] k|ToIfbzL{/ cfkm}+;d]t 3fOt] ePsL hoelQm /fO{n] ;d]tkmnfgfn] u/]sf] k|xf/n] cfkm\gf kltsf] d[To' ePsf]egL v'nfpg ;s]sf] cj:yf 5}g . lghn]cbfnt;dIf u/]sf] jskqdf klt kbdaxfb'/P]of, cfYyf egL lrRofpFbf s] eP5 egL jQLxftdf lnP/ aflx/ cfpFbf kltnfO{ a~r/f] cflbn]xfgL 9fln;s]sf /x]5g\ egL n]vfPaf6 klg sf]s;sf] rf]6af6 kbdaxfb'/ /fO{sf] d[To' ePsf]xf] eGg] ;DaGwdf :ki6tf b]lvFb}g . o;/Lxltof/sf] k|xf/af6 3fOt] e} To;}sf] rf]6af6kbdaxfb'/ /fO{sf] d[To' ePsf] eGg] tYodf ljjfbgePsf] ePtfklg sf] s;n] 5f8]sf] s] s:tf]xltof/sf] rf]6n] Hofg d/]sf] xf] eGg] v'Ng ;s]sf]cj:yf b]lvPg .

#= k | ltjfbL cho /fO {nfO {Hofg;DaGwLsf] !#-#_ g+ adf]lhd ;hfo ug]{u/]sf] k'g/fj]bg cbfnt wgs'6fsf] km};nf ldn]gldn]sf] eGg] klg o;} k|Zgaf6 lg?k0f x'g'kg]{x'Fbf 36gfdf cho /fO{sf] ;+nUgtfsf] ljifodfklg ljj]rgf x'g'kg]{ b]lvG5 . k|ltjfbL cho /fO{sf];+nUgtfsf] ;DaGwdf 36gfsf k|ToIfbzL{ Pj+36gfdf cfkm";d]t 3fOt] ePsL hoelQm /fO{sf]syg / k|ltjfbL cho /fO{ :jo+sf] jofg dxTjk"0f{b]lvG5 . k|ltjfbL cho /fO{n] clwsf/ k|fKtclwsf/L;dIf u/]sf] jofgdf 3/aflx/ l;s'jfdf;'lt/x]sf kbdaxfb'/ /fO{nfO{ p7fO{ lghnfO{ 8/qf; b]vfO{ lgh;Fu ePsf] ;DklQ dfUbf s/fPsfn]lghnfO{ s;}n] d'v y'Gg], s;}n] v's'/Ln] k|xf/ug]{ / s;}n] a~r/f] k|xf/ ug]{ u¥of}+ eGg] ;d]tsf]Joxf]/f pNn]v u/]sf 5g\ eg] cbfnt;dIfpkl:yt e} jofg ubf { cfkm "n ] cleof ]ubfjLadf]lhdsf] s;"/ gu/]sf] egL s;"/ u/]sf]s'/fnfO{ OGsf/ u/]sf 5g\ . o;/L cbfnt;dIfs;"/ u/]sf] s'/fdf OGsf/ /x]sf k|ltjfbLsf]clwsf/k|fKt clwsf/L;dIfsf] jofgsf] k|fdfl0fs


557557557557557


d"No s] x'g] eGg] k|Zg p7\g' :jfefljs 5 . t/,cbfnt;dIf OGsf/ /xFb}df ;kmfO kfpg] eGg]x'Fb}g . clwsf/k|fKt clwsf/L;dIfsf] jofgnfO{;dy{g ug]{ cGo tYox¿ 5g\ eg] tL tYox¿nfO{36gfsf] ;du|tf;Fu bfFh]/ x]g'{kg]{ x'G5 . k|:t'td'2fdf k|ltjfbLn] clwsf/k|fKt clwsf/L;dIfsf]jofgdf 36gfsf] k[i7e"ld, 36gfdf cfkm\gf];+nUgtf / xftxltof/sf] k|of]u / k|xf/;d]tsf;a} s'/fx¿ l;nl;n]jf/ ¿kdf pNn]v u/]sf5g\ . pgsf] ;f] syg hfx]/L b/vf:t, 36gfsfk|ToIfbzL{ hoelQm /fO{sf] egfO, nfz hfFrd'r'Nsf / 3fp hfFr s]z kmf/fddf b]lvPsf]3fp rf]6sf] k|s[lt ;d]taf6 ;dly{t x'g k'u]sf]5 . hxfF;Dd k|ltjfbLn] cbfnt;dIf u/]sf]cfkm\gf] OGsf/L jofgsf] ;dy{gdf k]z u/]sf];fIfL k|df0fsf] ;Gbe{ 5, lghsf ;fIfL b]jL /fO{sf]jskq / k | ltjfbLsf ] jofgsf aLrdf;fd~h:otf sfod x'g ;s]sf] b]lvFb}g . b]jL/fO{n] jf/bftsf] ldltdf k|ltjfbL w/fgl:yt cfkm\g}3/df /x]sf] egL eg]sf] b]lvG5 eg] k|ltjfbL:jo+n] eg] cfkm" ;f] ldltdf wgs'6fsf] tfd|fªd]nfdf uPsf] atfPsf 5g\ . k|ltjfbLn]clwsf/k|fKt clwsf/L;dIf u/]sf] sfuhdf gk9L;xL u/]sf] egL ;f] sfuhdf pNn]v ePsf] Joxf]/faf/] cfkm" cgle1 /x]sf] b]vfpg vf]h]sf] ePtfklg;f] sfuhdf ;xL ug{sf nflu k|x/Ln] n:s'6kL6gu/]sf] s'/f klg lgh :jo+n] g} :jLsf/ u/]sf5g\ . To;/L clwsf/k|fKt clwsf/L;dIf jofgubf{ cfkm" k"0f{¿kdf ;r]t cj:yfdf /x]sf],cfkm"nfO{ s'g} k|sf/sf] afWotf, bjfj, k|efj jfoftgfsf] cj:yf g/x]sf] eGg] s'/f lghsf]cbfnt;dIfsf] jofgaf6 b]lvPsf] x'Fbf lghsf]pQm sygnfO{ k|df0f P]g, @)#! sf] bkmf ( sf;Gbe{df lghsf lj?4df k|df0fdf lng x'g]sygsf ¿kdf lng ldNg] g} b]lvG5 . o;} ;Gbe{dfk|df0f P]g, @)#! sf] bkmf !) nfO{ klg x]g'{

;fGble{s x'g cfpF5 . ;f] bkmfdf /x]sf] sfg"gLJoj:yf o; k|sf/ /x]sf] 5 M-!_ s'g} sfd 36gf jf cj:yfsf ;DaGwdf

b]xfosf s'g} JolQmn] df}sfdf jf To;sf]tTsfn cl3 jf kl5 JoQm u/]sf] s'/fk|df0fdf lng x'G5M-s_ ;f] sfd ug]{ jf ;f] sfd, 36gf

jf cj:yf k|ToIf ¿kdf b]Vg] jfyfxf kfpg] JolQm, jf

-v_ ;f] sfd, 36gf jf cj:yfaf6kLl8t ePsf JolQm .

of] sfg"gL Joj:yfsf cfwf/df 36gfnfO{k|ToIf b]Vg] / To;af6 kLl8t;d]t ePsL hoelQm/fO{sf] sygnfO{ k|:t't d'2fdf k|d'v cfwf/ agfpg;lsg] cj:yf b]lvG5 . lghn] k|x/L;dIf u/]sf]sfuhdf oL k|ltjfbL cho /fO{nfO{ 36gf:yndfb]v]sf]n] lrg]F egL ;gfvt;d]t ul/lbPsf]cj:yfdf k|ltjfbL cho /fO{n] cbfnt;dIf u/]sf]OGsf/L jofg lghnfO{ ;kmfO lbg] cfwf/ aGg;Sb}g . t;y{ lgh k|ltjfbL cho /fO{nfO{Hofg;DaGwL s;"/ u/]sf] egL Hofg;DaGwLdxnsf] !#-#_ g+ adf]lhd hGd s}bsf] ;hfoug]{ u/]sf] k'g/fj]bg cbfnt wgs'6fsf] km};nfldn]s} b]lvG5 .

$= ca, bf];|f] k|Zgdf ljrf/ ubf{s;"/ ck/fwdf k|ltjfbLdWo]sf bLks yfkfsf];+nUgtf /x] g/x]sf] ;Gbe{df x]g'{kg]{ b]lvG5 .36gfdf k|ltjfbL bLks yfkfsf] ;+nUgtfsf] ;Gbe{csf { k |ltjfbL cho /fO {n ] clwsf/k|fKtclwsf/L;dIfsf] jofgsf qmddf p7fPsf]b]lvG5 . To;afx]s hfx]/L b/vf:t / 36gfnfO{k|ToIf b]Vg] / To;af6 kLl8t;d]t ePsL hoelQm/fO{sf] k|x/L;dIfsf] sfuhdf ;d]t 36gfdf lghk|ltjfbL bLks yfkfsf] ;+nUgtf /x]sf] eGg] s'/fv'Nb}g . k|ltjfbL cho /fO{n] clwsf/k|fKtclwsf/L;dIf u/]sf] jofgsf qmddf bLks

558558558558558

yfkfnfO{ ;d]t d'5]sf] ePtfklg lgh /fO{n]cbfnt;dIf cfO{ u/]sf] jofgdf 36gfdf bLksyfkfsf] ;+nUgtfsf] ljifonfO{ ;'gL yfxf kfPsf]eGg] ¿kdf JoQm u/]sf 5g\ . To;/L h;sf]kf]nsf cfwf/df bLks yfkfsf] ;+nUgtfsf] ;Gbe{p7]sf] xf] lgh :jo+n] g} ls6fgL;fy ge} ;'g]sf]egL JoQm u/]sf] sygsf cfwf/df dfq s;}nfO{Hofg;DaGwL s;"/df s;"/bf/ 7x¥ofpg ldNg]x'Fb}g . bLks yfkf :jo+ klg cbfnt;dIf pkl:yteO{ jofg u/]sf 5g\ . lghsf] jofgdf 36gfsf;DaGwdf k"/} cgle1tf k|s6 u/L cfkm"n] k|ltjfbLcho /fO{nfO{ glrg]sf], jf/bftsf] ldlt / ;dodfcfkm" cfkm\g} 3/df /x]sf] egL pNn]v ePsf]kfOG5 . pgsf] ;f] sygnfO{ v08g ug]{ lsl;dsfs'g} klg k|df0f jfbL kIfaf6 k]z x'g ;s]sf]b]lvFb}g . s]jn cleof]u nufpg'dfq s;"/ :yflktug]{ cfwf/ x'g ;Sb}g, cleof]u k|dfl0ft ug]{ bfloTjklg jfbL kIfn] jxg ug'{ k5{ . kmf}hbf/L d'2fdfz+sfsf] e/df s;}nfO{ s;"/bf/ 7x¥ofpg ldNb}g .ctM csf{ k|ltjfbL cho /fO{n] kf]n u/]sf] eGg]afx]s s'g} klg :jtGq k|df0fåf/f k|ltjfbL bLksyfkf s;"/ ck/fwdf ;+nUg /x]sf] eGg] jfbLkIfn] b]vfpg g;s]sf] x'Fbf lgh bLks yfkfnfO{;kmfO lbg] 7x¥ofPsf] k'g/fj]bg cbfnt wgs'6fsf]km};nf ldn]s} b]lvG5 .

%= ca, k 'g/fj ]bs jfbLn ]d'Vo¿kdf lhsL/ lnPsf] 8fFsftkm{sf] dfu bfjLk'Ug ;Sg] cj:yf 5 5}g < eGg] clGtd k|Zgdfljrf/ ubf{ hfx]/L b/vf:tdf Hofg;DaGwL s;"/ck/fw ;Fu} 8fFsf;d]t u/]sf] eGg] Joxf]/f pNn]vePsf] b]lvG5 . k|ltjfbL cho /fO{sf] clwsf/k|fKt clwsf/L;dIf jofgdf klg 8fFsf ug]{p2]Zon] uO{ 8fFsf ug]{ qmddf kbdaxfb'/ /hoelQm /fO{nfO{ xltof/n] k|xf/ u/]sf] ;Gbe{pNn]v u/]sf 5g\ . o; afx]s hoelQm /fO{n]k|x/L;dIf u/]sf] sfuhdf klg s]xL gub /

uxgf 8fFsf u/L nu]sf] Joxf]/f n]vfOlbPsf]kfOG5 . plNnlvt sygs} cfwf/df cleof]u kqdf8fFsftkm{sf] dfu bfjL lnOPsf] cj:yf ldl;naf6b]lvG5 . To;afx]s 8fFsf u/L nu]sf] elgPsfgub / uxgfnufotsf ;fdfgx¿ s;}af6 j/fdbePsf] cj:yf 5}g eg] 8fFsf u/L nu]sf] elgPsf;'gsf uxgf s] s] lyP eGg] h:tf cfwf/e"ts'/f ;d]t g t hfx]/L b/vf:tdf v'nfOPsf] 5,g t hoelQm /fO{ :jo+n] g} k|x/L;dIfsf] sfuhdfv'nfpg ;s]sf] kfOG5 . To;/L 8fFsftkm{ xr'jfsf]e/df pNn]v ul/Psf ] hfx ]/L Joxf ]/f /k|x/L;dIfsf] sfuhnfO{ dfq cfwf/ agfP/cleof]u kqdf dfu bfjL lnOPsf] b]lvG5 .cleof]u kq / jfbL g]kfn ;/sf/sf tkm{af6o; cbfntdf k/]sf] k'g/fj]bg kqdf klg 8fFsftkm{sf yk k|df0fx¿sf] pNn]vg ul/Psf] b]lvFb}g .ctM 8fFsftkm{sf] dfu bfjL k'Ug ;Sg] vfnsfk|df0fx¿ k]z ug{ g;s]sf] / To;tkm{ 5'6[}cg';Gwfg u/L bfjLsf] ;dy{gsf cfwf/x¿h'6fpg g;s]sf] cj:yf;d]tnfO{ b[li6ut ubf{8fFsftkm{sf] dfu bfjL k'Ug g;Sg] 7x¥ofO{ ePsf]k'g/fj]bg cbfnt wgs'6fsf] km};nf dgflzj g}b]lvG5 .

^= t;y{ dfly ul/Psf] ljZn]if0f;d]tsf cfwf/df k | ltjfbL cho /fO {n ]Hofg;DaGwL dxnsf] !#-#_ g++ adf]lhdsf] s;"/ck/fw u/]sf] 7x¥ofO{ lghnfO{ ;f]xL dxnadf]lhd hGds}bsf] ;hfo ug]{ / csf{ k|ltjfbLbLks yfkfnfO{ cf/f]lkt s;"/af6 ;kmfO lbg]u/]sf] / 8fFsftkm{sf] cleof]u dfubfjL k'Ugg;Sg] 7x¥ofPsf] z'? wgs'6f lhNnf cbfntsf]km};nfnfO{ ;b/ u/]sf] k'g/fj]bg cbfntwgs'6fsf] ldlt @)^@.(.@! sf] km};nf ldn]s}b]lvFbf ;b/ x'g] 7x5{ . k'g/fj]bs÷jfbL g]kfn;/sf/sf] k'g/fj]bg lhsL/ k'Ug ;Sb}g . ;fy}o; cbfntdf k/]sf] k|ltjfbL cho /fO{sf]


559559559559559


k'g/fj]bgsf /f]xdf o; cbfntsf] ;+o'QmOhnf;af6 ldlt @)^#.(.!@ df ePsf] km};nfdfklg k'g/fj]bg cbfnt wgs'6fsf] km};nf ;b/x'g] 7x/]sf] x'Fbf To;nfO{ cGoyf ul//xg' kg]{b ] lvPg . of ] km };nfsf ] hfgsf/LdxfGofoflwjQmfsf] sfof{nonfO{ lbO{ k|:t't d'2fsf]bfo/Lsf] nut s6[f u/L ldl;n lgodfg';f/ u/La'emfOlbg" .

pQm /fodf xfdL ;xdt 5f}+ .Gof=bfdf]b/k|;fb zdf{Gof=tflx/ cnL cG;f/LOlt ;+jt\ @)^^ ;fn c;f/ $ ut] /f]h % z'ed\\Ohnf; clws[tM pd]z sf]O/fnf

lg0f{o g+= *!!^ ;fpg, @)^^

;jf]{Rr cbfnt, k"0f{ Ohnf;dfggLo GofofwLz >L an/fd s]=;L=

dfggLo GofofwLz >L bfdf]b/k|;fb zdf{dfggLo GofofwLz >L uf}/L 9sfn

d'2f g+= @)^$–WF–)))#cfb]z ldltM @)^%.!).@#.

ljifo M– pTk|]if0f k/dfb]z .

l/6 lgj]bs M /]zdaxfb'/ kf}8]n ;d]tlj?4

ljkIfL M :jf:Yo tyf hg;+Vof dGqfno ;d]t

§ Ps } ljifodf leGg–leGg lg0f {oPs } ljifodf leGg–leGg lg0f {oPs } ljifodf leGg–leGg lg0f {oPs } ljifodf leGg–leGg lg0f {oPs } ljifodf leGg–leGg lg0f {oePsf] egL cf}NofPsf d'2fdf leGg–ePsf] egL cf}NofPsf d'2fdf leGg–ePsf] egL cf}NofPsf d'2fdf leGg–ePsf] egL cf}NofPsf d'2fdf leGg–ePsf] egL cf}NofPsf d'2fdf leGg–leGg ljifodf ePsf ] lg0f {onfO {leGg ljifodf ePsf ] lg0f {onfO {leGg ljifodf ePsf ] lg0f {onfO {leGg ljifodf ePsf ] lg0f {onfO {leGg ljifodf ePsf ] lg0f {onfO {lnP/ Ps } lai fodf km/s–km/slnP/ Ps } lai fodf km/s–km/slnP/ Ps } lai fodf km/s–km/slnP/ Ps } lai fodf km/s–km/slnP/ Ps } lai fodf km/s–km/slg0f{o ePsf] egL eGg gldNg] .lg0f{o ePsf] egL eGg gldNg] .lg0f{o ePsf] egL eGg gldNg] .lg0f{o ePsf] egL eGg gldNg] .lg0f{o ePsf] egL eGg gldNg] .

§ cfkm " dWo ]sf cGo lgj ]bsx¿n]cfkm " dWo ]sf cGo lgj ]bsx¿n]cfkm " dWo ]sf cGo lgj ]bsx¿n]cfkm " dWo ]sf cGo lgj ]bsx¿n]cfkm " dWo ]sf cGo lgj ]bsx¿n]lbPsf ] lgj]bgdf o; cbfntaf6lbPsf ] lgj]bgdf o; cbfntaf6lbPsf ] lgj]bgdf o; cbfntaf6lbPsf ] lgj]bgdf o; cbfntaf6lbPsf ] lgj]bgdf o; cbfntaf6

lg0f {o gx ' Fbf lgj ]bg gu/L pQmlg0f {o gx ' Fbf lgj ]bg gu/L pQmlg0f {o gx ' Fbf lgj ]bg gu/L pQmlg0f {o gx ' Fbf lgj ]bg gu/L pQmlg0f {o gx ' Fbf lgj ]bg gu/L pQmlgj]bgdf o; cbfntaf6 l/6 hf/Llgj]bgdf o; cbfntaf6 l/6 hf/Llgj]bgdf o; cbfntaf6 l/6 hf/Llgj]bgdf o; cbfntaf6 l/6 hf/Llgj]bgdf o; cbfntaf6 l/6 hf/Lx'g] u/L cfb]z ePkl5 ;f] lgj]bgx'g] u/L cfb]z ePkl5 ;f] lgj]bgx'g] u/L cfb]z ePkl5 ;f] lgj]bgx'g] u/L cfb]z ePkl5 ;f] lgj]bgx'g] u/L cfb]z ePkl5 ;f] lgj]bglbPsf ] b ] lvG5 . t;y { k | :t 'tlbPsf ] b ] lvG5 . t;y { k | :t 'tlbPsf ] b ] lvG5 . t;y { k | :t 'tlbPsf ] b ] lvG5 . t;y { k | :t 'tlbPsf ] b ] lvG5 . t;y { k | :t 'tlgj ]bgsf ] lji foj:t ' x ]b f { Ps }lgj ]bgsf ] lji foj:t ' x ]b f { Ps }lgj ]bgsf ] lji foj:t ' x ]b f { Ps }lgj ]bgsf ] lji foj:t ' x ]b f { Ps }lgj ]bgsf ] lji foj:t ' x ]b f { Ps }ljifodf leGg leGg lg0f{o ePsf]ljifodf leGg leGg lg0f{o ePsf]ljifodf leGg leGg lg0f{o ePsf]ljifodf leGg leGg lg0f{o ePsf]ljifodf leGg leGg lg0f{o ePsf]ge } k |:t 't lgj ]bgsf ] ljifoj:t'ge} k |:t 't lgj ]bgsf ] ljifoj:t'ge} k |:t 't lgj ]bgsf ] ljifoj:t'ge} k |:t 't lgj ]bgsf ] ljifoj:t'ge} k |:t 't lgj ]bgsf ] ljifoj:t'k m/s ePsf ] b ] lvPsf ]n ] ; +o 'Qmkm/s ePsf ] b ] lvPsf ]n ] ; +o 'Qmkm/s ePsf ] b ] lvPsf ]n ] ; +o 'Qmkm/s ePsf ] b ] lvPsf ]n ] ; +o 'Qmkm/s ePsf ] b ] lvPsf ]n ] ; +o 'QmOhnf;n] g} x]g' {kg]{ .Ohnf;n] g} x]g' {kg]{ .Ohnf;n] g} x]g' {kg]{ .Ohnf;n] g} x]g' {kg]{ .Ohnf;n] g} x]g' {kg]{ .

-k|s/0f g+=%_

l/6 lgj]bs tkm{af6MljkIfL tkm{af6McjnlDjt ghL/M§ ;+jt\ @)%% ;fnsf] l/6 g= #^*%§ ;+jt\ @)^) ;fnsf] l/6 g+=##%) / #@**§ ;+jt\ @)%% ;fnsf] l/6 g+= #^)%§ l/6 g+= )^$–WF–)))$ v'dnfn /]UdL

lj=:jf:Yo dGqfno ;d]t§ l/6 g+= )^$–WF–)))% lji0f'k|;fb ;'j]bL

lj=:jf:Yo dGqfno ;d]t§

;Da4 sfg"gM§ nf]s;]jf cfof]u -sfo{ljlw_ P]g, @)$*

sf] bkmf !@-!_§ lghfdtL ;]jf lgodfjnL, @)%) sf]

lgod @%-@_

cfb]z!= o;df oL lgj]bg :jo+n] @)%%

;fndf cfkm"nfO{ lkog kbaf6 x6fpg] lg0f{olj?4 l/6 bfo/ ubf{ ;f] lg0f{o sfg"g;Ddt\ 7x/fO{sfod x'g] u/L o; cbfntn] z'egfy clwsf/L;d]t lj?4 nf]s;]jf cfof]u ;d]t ePsf] @)%%;fnsf] l/6 g+=#^*% af6 lg0f{o ePsf] sf/0fbfjL u/]sf] lkog kbdf xs g/x]sf JolQmn] xfn

560560560560560

c? JolQm l/6 lgj]bs ltnsk|;fb nfld5fg] lj?4nf]s;]jf cfof]u sdnkf]v/L ;d]t ePsf] pTk|]if0fd'2f ;+jt\ @)^) ;fnsf] l/6 g+= #@** / l/6 g+=##%) l/6 lgj]bs e"kfn l;F yfkf lj?4 lhNnf:jf:Yo sfof{no :ofËhf;d]t ePsf] pTk|]if0fd'2faf6 ab/ u/fPsf]n] d}n] klg lkog kbdfsfd ug{ kfpg'k5{ egL @)%(.!).@ sf] lg0f{o /;f] lg0f{onfO{ sfof{Gjog ug{ ldlt @)%(.!).%sf] kq ab/ u/fpg pNn]v u/]cg';f/ o;cbfntaf6 bf]xf]/f] k/L ePsf] lg0f{onfO{ l;/fgyfkL k|:t't l/6 lgj]bg k/]sf] b]lvG5 . o;cj:yfdf sfg"gadf]lhd ;]jfaf6 x6fpg] u/]sf]a}w egL o; cbfntn] @)%*.!@.!@.@ df 7x/fO{;s]sf] lg0f{osf] cfwf/df lbPsf] lg0f{o tyfkqfrf/x¿ g} k'gM o; cbfntn] ;+jt\ @)^) sf]pk/f]Qm l/6 g+= #@**,##%) / #!$! sflg0f{ox¿af6 ab/ u/]sf] b]lvg cfPaf6 o;cbfntsf b'O{ l8lehg j]~raf6 k/:k/ lj/f]wLlg0f{o ePsf] sf/0f k|:t't l/6 lgj]bgsf] d'2fdflg0f{o ug{ o; cbfntsf] pk/f]Qm lg0f{odWo] s'glg0f{onfO{ cfwf/ dfgL lg0f{o ug]{ eGg] jf/]dfsl7gfO{ o; j]~r;dIf pkl:yt x'g cfof] . o;/Lo; cbfntaf6 Ps k6s ;xL 7x/fPsf] ldlt@)%).!@.!@ sf] ;+o'Qm Ohnf;sf] lg0f{o cg'¿k;f] lg0f{o sfof{Gjog ug{ @)%(.!).@ sf]lg0f{onfO{ ldlt @)^@.#.*.$ df l8lehg j]~raf6}ab/ ePsf] km};nfnfO{ cfwf/ dfgL lg0f{o ug]{s'/fdf uDeL/ sfg"gL k|Zg pkl:yt ePsf]n] o;j]~raf6 lg0f{o ug{ sl7gfO{ ePaf6 Ps} laifosfs'/fdf o; cbfntsf] Ps l8lehg j]~raf6km};nf eO{ clGtd e};s]kl5 ;f]xL ljifodf ;f]lg0f{osf] k|lts"n x'g] u/L csf]{ l8lehg j]~raf6km};nf;d]t sfof{Gjog e};s]sf] l:yltdf ;f]xLlaifosf] d'2f sfof{Gjog e};s]sf] km};nfsf]hl/ofaf6 p7L cfPdf kl5Nnf] d'2f x]g{] j]~rn]s'g km};nfnfO{ cfwf/ lng'kg]{ xf] eGg] sfg"gL

k|Zgsf] ;dfwfgfy{ ;jf]{Rr cbfnt lgodfjnL ,@)$( sf] lgod # -!_ -v_ adf]lhd k"0f{ Ohnf;k]z ug'{ eGg] ;+o'Qm Ohnf;sf] ldlt @)^$.@.@*sf] cfb]zadf]lhd k|:t't d'2f o; Ohnf;;dIfk]z x'g cfPsf] b]lvof] .

@= lgj ]bsx¿ ;d ]t e } o;cbfntdf bfo/ u/]sf] ;+jt\ @)%% ;fnsf] l/6g+= #^*% df lj1fkg g+=@.)%$.%% sf] lhNnf:jf:Yo sfof{no :ofËhfsf] lj1fkgcg';f/sf]k/LIffdf ;fd]n e} ;f] k/LIff pQL0f{ u/L@)%%.@.!* df :yfoL lgo'lQm kfO{ sfo{/t\ /x]sf]cj:yfdf nf]s;]jf cfof]u klZrdf~rn If]qLolgb]{zgfno kf]v/faf6 pQm lhNnf :jf:Yosfof{no :ofËhfsf] lkog kbsf] kbk"lt{;DaGwLsfo{ clgoldt ePsf] 7x/ u/L lhNnf :jf:Yosfof{nonfO{ n]v]sf] nf]s;]jf cfof]u klZrdf~rnIf]qLo lgb]{zgfno kf]v/fsf] ldlt @)%%.#.!%r=g+= @#!* sf] kq / ;f];Fu ;DalGwt 7x/lg0f{o / sfd sf/jfxLx¿ ab/ ul/kfpmF eGg]/x]sf]df o:tf] lgo'lQmnfO{ clgoldt 7x/ ug]{u/L clwsf/k|fKt nf]s;]jf cfof]u If]qLolgb]{zsaf6 lg0f{o ePsf] kmfOnaf6 b]lvg cfPsf]/ lgj]bg lhsL/ adf]lhd tNnf] tx zffvfclws[taf6 lg0f{o ePsf] gb]lvPsf]n] k|:t't l/6dfljrf/ ul//xg' k/]g egL l/6 vf/]h ePsf] kfOG5 .

#= ;+jt\ @)^) ;fnsf] l/6 g+=##%) / l/6 g+=#@** sf l/6 lgj]bsx¿ lgj]bgpQm lj1fkg g+= @.)%$.%% df ;kmn eO{k/LIf0fsfn ;dfKt e} ;s]kl5 xfdLx¿sf] lgo'lQm@)%(.@.!* df :jf:Yo dGqfno ;lrj :t/af6ab/ ug]{ lg0f{o ePsf]n] @)%(.!).% af6 nfu"x'g] u/L tkfO{sf] :yfoL lkog kbsf] lgo'lQm ab/cjsfz lbPsf] 5 egL lhNnf :jf:Yo sfof{no:ofËhfn] cjsfz lbPsf]n] pQm cjsfz lbglg0f{o ab/ ul/kfpmFF eGg] ePsf]df lgj]bsx¿nfO{k/LIf0fsfn k"/f ePkl5 @)%(.!).@ sf]

*!!^ *!!^ *!!^ *!!^ *!!^ - /]zdaxfb'/ kf}8]n ;d]t lj=:jf:Yo dGqfno ;d]t /]zdaxfb'/ kf}8]n ;d]t lj=:jf:Yo dGqfno ;d]t /]zdaxfb'/ kf}8]n ;d]t lj=:jf:Yo dGqfno ;d]t /]zdaxfb'/ kf}8]n ;d]t lj=:jf:Yo dGqfno ;d]t /]zdaxfb'/ kf}8]n ;d]t lj=:jf:Yo dGqfno ;d]t

561561561561561


lg0f{ocg';f/ ;]jfaf6 cjsfz lbPsf] b]lvFbf ;f]cjsfz lbg] u/L ePsf] ljkIfL lhNnf hg :jf:Yosfof{nosf] pQm ldlt @)%(.!).@ sf] lg0f{o /@)%(.!).% b ] lv nfu " u/L lbPsf ]cjsfzkqnufot o; ;DaGwdf eP u/]sf lg0f{o/ sfdsf/jfxL sfg"gcg'¿k ePsf] gb]lvPsf]egL ab/ ul/ lgj]bsnfO{ ;]jfdf k'g/\jxfnL ug'{egL k/dfb]zsf] cfb]; hf/L ePsf] b]lvG5 .

$= o;/L ;+jt\ @)%% ;fnsf] l/6g+= #^*% df nf]s;]jf cfof]u - sfo{ljlw _ P]g,@)$* sf] bkmf !@-!_ cg';f/ kbk"lt{;DaGwLsf/jfxLsf] lg/LIf0f ubf{ nf]s;]jf cfof]uaf6clwsf/ k|Tofof]hg ePadf]lhd l/Qm kbk"lt{ ug]{sfo{ljlwsf] lgb]{lzsf, @)%! sf] bkmf %,$@ /$$ df plNnlvt k|lqmof k"/f gu/]sf] egL tYoutcfwf/df kbk'lt{;DaGwL sf/jfxL clgoldt 7x/ug]{ clwsf/ eP gePsf] ;DaGwdf lg0f{o ePsf]b]lvG5 eg], ;+jt\ @)^) ;fnsf] l/6 g+= ##%) /#@** df lghfdtL ;]jf lgodfjnL, @)%) sf]lgod @%-@_ adf]lhd lgwf{l/t k|lqmof / zt{sf]kfngf gu/L lgo'lQm u/]sf] cj:yfdf To;/L lgo'lQmePsf] sd{rf/LnfO{ x6fpg ;lsg] t/ To;/Llgo'lQm ePsf] sd{rf/Lsf] k/LIf0fsfnleq n]vLcfPdf ;f]xL cjlwleq x6fpg'kg]{5 egL lgo'lQmclgoldt 7x/ ePsf] v08df k/LIf0fsfnleqdfq x6fpg ;lsg] cGoyf ;b/ x'g hfg] eGg]AofVof ePsf] b]lvG5 . o;/L ;+o'Qm Ohnf;n]cf}+NofPsf] Ps} ljifodf leGg leGg lg0f{o ePsf]egL cf}NofPsf d'2fdf ePsf] lg0f{o x]bf{ tL d'2fdfleGg–leGg ljifodf lg0f{o ePsf] b]lvG5 .o;/L leGg–leGg laifodf ePsf] lg0f{onfO{ lnP/Ps} laifodf km/s–km/s lg0f{o ePsf] egL ;+o'QmOhnf;n] k"0f{ Ohnf;df k7fPsf] cfb]z ldn]sf]b]lvPg .

%= t/ k|:t't d'2f / pk/f]Qm d'2fsf]tYo ;dfg eP klg k|:t't d'2fsf lgj]bsx¿

lhNnf :jf:Yo sfof{no :ofËhfaf6 ldlt@)%%.@.!* df Ps jif{sf] k/LIf0fsfndf /xg]u/L :yfoL lgo'lQm ePsf]df ;f] lgo'lQmsf] k|lqmofclgoldt ePsf ] egL nf ]s;]jf cfof ]uklZrdf~rn If ]qLo sfof {no kf ]v/faf6r=g+=@#!* ldlt @)%%.#.!% sf] kqaf6 n]vLcfPsf]n] pQm kq / ;f];Fu ;DalGwt 7x/lg0f{o;d]t ab/ ul/kfpmFF egL k/]sf] ;+jt\ @)%%;fnsf] l/6 g+= #^)% sf] lgj]bg o; cbfntaf6ldlt @)%*.!@.!@ df vf/]h ePsf] / oLlgj]bsx¿ ;d]t pQm lgj]bgsf lgj]bs ePsf]cj:yf ldl;naf6 b]lvG5 . pQm lgj]bg vf/]hePkl5 nf]s;]jf cfof]u klZrdf~rn If]qLosfof {no kf ]v/fsf ] pQm kqsf ] cfwf/df@)%(.!).% af6 nfu' x'g] u/L cjsfz lbPsflgj]bsx¿ dWo] e"kfn l;Fx yfkfn] o; cbfntdf;+jt\ @)^) ;fnsf] l/6 g+= ##%) ldlt@)^).!).@&.# df / ltnsk|;fb nfld5fg] /z'egfy clwsf/Ln] ;+jt\ @)^) ;fnsf] l/6 g+=#@** ldlt @)^).(.#) df o; cbfntdf bfo/u/]sf]df o; cbfntaf6 ldlt @)^@.#.* df l/6hf/L x'g] u/L lg0f{o ePsf] b]lvG5 . pQm @)^);fnsf b'O{ j6f l/6 lgj]bgx¿df l/6 hf/L ug]{u/L cfb]z hf/L ePkZrft\ cyf{t pQm d'2fsf]cfb]znfO{ ;d]t ljrf/ u/L oL l/6 lgj]bgx¿l/6 g+= )^$–WF–)))$ lgj]bs v'dndn /]UdLaL=:jf:Yo dGqfno ;d]t ePsf] d'2f ldlt@)^@.(.!# df l/6 g+= )^$–WF–)))# lgj]bs/]zdaxfb'/ kf}8]n ;d]t lj= :jf:Yo dGqfno;d]tePsf] d'2f ldlt @)^@.&.$ df / l/6 g+= )^$–WF–)))% lgj]bs lai0f'k|;fb ;'j]bL lj= :jf:YodGqfno ;d]t ePsf] d'2f ldlt @)^@.!@.!* dfbtf{ ePsf] b]lvG5 . o;/L cfkm"dWo]sf cGolgj]bsx¿n] lbPsf] lgj]bgdf o; cbfntaf6lg0f{o gx'Fbf lgj]bg gu/L pQm lgj]bgdf o;cbfntaf6 l/6 hf/L x'g] u/L cfb]z ePkl5 ;f]

562562562562562

*!!& *!!& *!!& *!!& *!!& - afns[i0f g]pkfg] lj=/fi6«kltsf] sfof{no ;d]t afns[i0f g]pkfg] lj=/fi6«kltsf] sfof{no ;d]t afns[i0f g]pkfg] lj=/fi6«kltsf] sfof{no ;d]t afns[i0f g]pkfg] lj=/fi6«kltsf] sfof{no ;d]t afns[i0f g]pkfg] lj=/fi6«kltsf] sfof{no ;d]t

lgj]bg lbPsf] b]lvG5 . t;y{ k|:t't lgj]bgsf]ljifoj:t' x]bf{ Ps} ljifodf leGg–leGg lg0f{oePsf] ge} k|:t't lgj]bgsf] ljifoj:t' km/s ePsf]b]lvPsf]n] ;+o'Qm Ohnf;n] x]g]{ ljifo ePsf] x'Fbfk|:t't d'2fsf] k"0f{ Ohnf;sf] nut s§f u/Llgodfg';f/ ;+o'Qm Ohnf;df k]z ug"{ .Gof=an/fd s]=;L=Gof=bfdf]b/k|;fb zdf{Gof=uf}/L 9sfnOlt ;+jt\ @)^% ;fn df3 @# ut] /f]h z'ed\\Ohnf; clws[tM gf/fo0f k|;fb kGyL

lg0f{o g+= *!!& ;fpg, @)^^

;jf]{Rr cbfnt ;+o'Qm Ohnf;;DdfggLo k|wfg GofofwLz >L dLgaxfb'/ /fodfemL

dfggLo GofofwLz >L an/fd s]=;L=;+jt\ @)^% ;fnsf] l/6 g+= )^%–WO–)))^

cfb]z ldltM @)^^.$.(.^ljifoM– pTk|]if0fo'Qm k/dfb]z .

lgj]bsM sf7df8f}+ lhNnf sf7df8f+} dxfgu/kflnsfj8f g+= #@ a:g] clwjQmf afns[i0fg]pkfg]

lj?4ljkIfLM /fi6«klt 8f= /fdj/0f ofbj, /fi6«kltsf] sfof{no, zLtn lgjf; ;d]t

§ ;fj{hlgs ;/f ]sf/sf ] ljifo olQ;fj{hlgs ;/f ]sf/sf ] ljifo olQ;fj{hlgs ;/f ]sf/sf ] ljifo olQ;fj{hlgs ;/f ]sf/sf ] ljifo olQ;fj{hlgs ;/f ]sf/sf ] ljifo olQg} xf ] eg]/ ls6fgL ug{ ;lsGg .g} xf ] eg]/ ls6fgL ug{ ;lsGg .g} xf ] eg]/ ls6fgL ug{ ;lsGg .g} xf ] eg]/ ls6fgL ug{ ;lsGg .g} xf ] eg]/ ls6fgL ug{ ;lsGg .t/ o; ;DaGwdft/ o; ;DaGwdft/ o; ;DaGwdft/ o; ;DaGwdft/ o; ;DaGwdf ;+ljwfgcGtu{t;+ljwfgcGtu{t;+ljwfgcGtu{t;+ljwfgcGtu{t;+ljwfgcGtu{tcbfntaf6 lg?k0f x'g'kg{] ljjfbsf]cbfntaf6 lg?k0f x'g'kg{] ljjfbsf]cbfntaf6 lg?k0f x'g'kg{] ljjfbsf]cbfntaf6 lg?k0f x'g'kg{] ljjfbsf]cbfntaf6 lg?k0f x'g'kg{] ljjfbsf];Gbe{df ;fj{hlgs ;/f]sf/sf] cy{;Gbe{df ;fj{hlgs ;/f]sf/sf] cy{;Gbe{df ;fj{hlgs ;/f]sf/sf] cy{;Gbe{df ;fj{hlgs ;/f]sf/sf] cy{;Gbe{df ;fj{hlgs ;/f]sf/sf] cy{ubf{ sfg"gsf] l;df leq g} /x]/ ug'{ubf{ sfg"gsf] l;df leq g} /x]/ ug'{ubf{ sfg"gsf] l;df leq g} /x]/ ug'{ubf{ sfg"gsf] l;df leq g} /x]/ ug'{ubf{ sfg"gsf] l;df leq g} /x]/ ug'{cfjZos x'g] .cfjZos x'g] .cfjZos x'g] .cfjZos x'g] .cfjZos x'g] .

-k|s/0f g+=@_

§ ;fj{hlgs kb wf/0f ug{] JolQmnfO{;fj{hlgs kb wf/0f ug{] JolQmnfO{;fj{hlgs kb wf/0f ug{] JolQmnfO{;fj{hlgs kb wf/0f ug{] JolQmnfO{;fj{hlgs kb wf/0f ug{] JolQmnfO{kbsf] zky lng sfg"gL ¿kdf g}kbsf] zky lng sfg"gL ¿kdf g}kbsf] zky lng sfg"gL ¿kdf g}kbsf] zky lng sfg"gL ¿kdf g}kbsf] zky lng sfg"gL ¿kdf g}clgjfo{ x'g] .clgjfo{ x'g] .clgjfo{ x'g] .clgjfo{ x'g] .clgjfo{ x'g] .

-k|s/0f g+=$_§ ;+ljwfgsf] ;+/If0f / kfngf ug'{kg]{ { ];+ljwfgsf] ;+/If0f / kfngf ug'{kg]{ { ];+ljwfgsf] ;+/If0f / kfngf ug'{kg]{ { ];+ljwfgsf] ;+/If0f / kfngf ug'{kg]{ { ];+ljwfgsf] ;+/If0f / kfngf ug'{kg]{ { ]

pk/f i6 «k ltnfO { / fhgL ltspk/f i6 «k ltnfO { / fhgL ltspk/f i6 «k ltnfO { / fhgL ltspk/f i6 «k ltnfO { / fhgL ltspk/f i6 «k ltnfO { / fhgL ltsultljlwd'Qm /fVg] ;+ljwfgsf] :ki6ultljlwd'Qm /fVg] ;+ljwfgsf] :ki6ultljlwd'Qm /fVg] ;+ljwfgsf] :ki6ultljlwd'Qm /fVg] ;+ljwfgsf] :ki6ultljlwd'Qm /fVg] ;+ljwfgsf] :ki6p2]Zo x' Fbf pk/fi6«kltn] cfkm"nfO{p2]Zo x' Fbf pk/fi6«kltn] cfkm"nfO{p2]Zo x' Fbf pk/fi6«kltn] cfkm"nfO{p2]Zo x' Fbf pk/fi6«kltn] cfkm"nfO{p2]Zo x' Fbf pk/fi6«kltn] cfkm"nfO{/fhgLlts JolQmsf] x}l;otdf /fVg'/fhgLlts JolQmsf] x}l;otdf /fVg'/fhgLlts JolQmsf] x}l;otdf /fVg'/fhgLlts JolQmsf] x}l;otdf /fVg'/fhgLlts JolQmsf] x}l;otdf /fVg'plrt b]lvg gcfpg] .plrt b]lvg gcfpg] .plrt b]lvg gcfpg] .plrt b]lvg gcfpg] .plrt b]lvg gcfpg] .

-k|s/0f g+=%_§ ;/f ]sf/ gePsf ] c;DalGwt jf;/f ]sf/ gePsf ] c;DalGwt jf;/f ]sf/ gePsf ] c;DalGwt jf;/f ]sf/ gePsf ] c;DalGwt jf;/f ]sf/ gePsf ] c;DalGwt jf

c;/ gkg { ] kIfnfO { cbfnt;Ddc;/ gkg { ] kIfnfO { cbfnt;Ddc;/ gkg { ] kIfnfO { cbfnt;Ddc;/ gkg { ] kIfnfO { cbfnt;Ddc;/ gkg { ] kIfnfO { cbfnt;Ddaf]nfpg' emGem6 jf b'Mv lbg' xf] .af]nfpg' emGem6 jf b'Mv lbg' xf] .af]nfpg' emGem6 jf b'Mv lbg' xf] .af]nfpg' emGem6 jf b'Mv lbg' xf] .af]nfpg' emGem6 jf b'Mv lbg' xf] .To;}n] o:tf] cj:yf gk/f]; eGgsfTo;}n] o:tf] cj:yf gk/f]; eGgsfTo;}n] o:tf] cj:yf gk/f]; eGgsfTo;}n] o:tf] cj:yf gk/f]; eGgsfTo;}n] o:tf] cj:yf gk/f]; eGgsfvflt/ cbfntn] o:tf ljjfb;Fuvflt/ cbfntn] o:tf ljjfb;Fuvflt/ cbfntn] o:tf ljjfb;Fuvflt/ cbfntn] o:tf ljjfb;Fuvflt/ cbfntn] o:tf ljjfb;Fu;DaGw g/x ]sf c;DalGwt jf;DaGw g/x ]sf c;DalGwt jf;DaGw g/x ]sf c;DalGwt jf;DaGw g/x ]sf c;DalGwt jf;DaGw g/x ]sf c;DalGwt jflg0f {oaf6 c;/ gkg{ ] JolQmnfO {lg0f {oaf6 c;/ gkg{ ] JolQmnfO {lg0f {oaf6 c;/ gkg{ ] JolQmnfO {lg0f {oaf6 c;/ gkg{ ] JolQmnfO {lg0f {oaf6 c;/ gkg{ ] JolQmnfO {ljkIfL agfPsf ] eP klg cj:yfljkIfL agfPsf ] eP klg cj:yfljkIfL agfPsf ] eP klg cj:yfljkIfL agfPsf ] eP klg cj:yfljkIfL agfPsf ] eP klg cj:yfx ] / L cbfntn ] lnlvt hjfkmx ] / L cbfntn ] lnlvt hjfkmx ] / L cbfntn ] lnlvt hjfkmx ] / L cbfntn ] lnlvt hjfkmx ] / L cbfntn ] lnlvt hjfkmgdufpg klg ;Sg] .gdufpg klg ;Sg] .gdufpg klg ;Sg] .gdufpg klg ;Sg] .gdufpg klg ;Sg] .

§ ;+ljwfg Pj+ sfg"gn] /fi6«kltnfO{;+ljwfg Pj+ sfg"gn] /fi6«kltnfO{;+ljwfg Pj+ sfg"gn] /fi6«kltnfO{;+ljwfg Pj+ sfg"gn] /fi6«kltnfO{;+ljwfg Pj+ sfg"gn] /fi6«kltnfO{ljz ] i f f lwsf/ -ljz ] i f f lwsf/ -ljz ] i f f lwsf/ -ljz ] i f f lwsf/ -ljz ] i f f lwsf/ -Privilege _ jf_ jf_ jf_ jf_ jfpGd'lQm -pGd'lQm -pGd'lQm -pGd'lQm -pGd'lQm -Immunity_ k|bfg gu/]sf]_ k|bfg gu/]sf]_ k|bfg gu/]sf]_ k|bfg gu/]sf]_ k|bfg gu/]sf]cj:yfdf /fi6«kltsf] cg'kl:yltdfcj:yfdf /fi6«kltsf] cg'kl:yltdfcj:yfdf /fi6«kltsf] cg'kl:yltdfcj:yfdf /fi6«kltsf] cg'kl:yltdfcj:yfdf /fi6«kltsf] cg'kl:yltdf/fi6«kltaf6 ul/g] sfo{ ;DkGg ug{]/fi6«kltaf6 ul/g] sfo{ ;DkGg ug{]/fi6«kltaf6 ul/g] sfo{ ;DkGg ug{]/fi6«kltaf6 ul/g] sfo{ ;DkGg ug{]/fi6«kltaf6 ul/g] sfo{ ;DkGg ug{]pk/f i6 «k ltnfO { sfg "g ljk/Ltpk/f i6 «k ltnfO { sfg "g ljk/Ltpk/f i6 «k ltnfO { sfg "g ljk/Ltpk/f i6 «k ltnfO { sfg "g ljk/Ltpk/f i6 «k ltnfO { sfg "g ljk/LtePsf sfo{sf ;DaGwdf cbfntLePsf sfo{sf ;DaGwdf cbfntLePsf sfo{sf ;DaGwdf cbfntLePsf sfo{sf ;DaGwdf cbfntLePsf sfo{sf ;DaGwdf cbfntLsf/jfxLaf6 pGd'lQm k|bfg u/]sf]sf/jfxLaf6 pGd'lQm k|bfg u/]sf]sf/jfxLaf6 pGd'lQm k|bfg u/]sf]sf/jfxLaf6 pGd'lQm k|bfg u/]sf]sf/jfxLaf6 pGd'lQm k|bfg u/]sf]eGg g;lsg] .eGg g;lsg] .eGg g;lsg] .eGg g;lsg] .eGg g;lsg] .

-k|s/0f g+=^_§ ;+ljwfg;ef ;b:onfO{ ;+ljwfg;ef;+ljwfg;ef ;b:onfO{ ;+ljwfg;ef;+ljwfg;ef ;b:onfO{ ;+ljwfg;ef;+ljwfg;ef ;b:onfO{ ;+ljwfg;ef;+ljwfg;ef ;b:onfO{ ;+ljwfg;ef

;b:o lgjf {rg cWofb ]zsf ] bkmf;b:o lgjf {rg cWofb ]zsf ] bkmf;b:o lgjf {rg cWofb ]zsf ] bkmf;b:o lgjf {rg cWofb ]zsf ] bkmf;b:o lgjf {rg cWofb ]zsf ] bkmf%(s n ] Joj:yf u/ ]adf ] lhd%(s n ] Joj:yf u/ ]adf ] lhd%(s n ] Joj:yf u/ ]adf ] lhd%(s n ] Joj:yf u/ ]adf ] lhd%(s n ] Joj:yf u/ ]adf ] lhddft[efiffdf zky lng 5"6 lbP h:t}dft[efiffdf zky lng 5"6 lbP h:t}dft[efiffdf zky lng 5"6 lbP h:t}dft[efiffdf zky lng 5"6 lbP h:t}dft[efiffdf zky lng 5"6 lbP h:t}pk/fi6 «kltnfO { ; + ljwfgn] lxGbLpk/fi6 «kltnfO { ; + ljwfgn] lxGbLpk/fi6 «kltnfO { ; + ljwfgn] lxGbLpk/fi6 «kltnfO { ; + ljwfgn] lxGbLpk/fi6 «kltnfO { ; + ljwfgn] lxGbL

563563563563563


efiffdf zky lng 5"6 glbPsf ]efiffdf zky lng 5"6 glbPsf ]efiffdf zky lng 5"6 glbPsf ]efiffdf zky lng 5"6 glbPsf ]efiffdf zky lng 5"6 glbPsf ]cj:yfdf pk/fi6 «kltn] g ]kfnsf ]cj:yfdf pk/fi6 «kltn] g ]kfnsf ]cj:yfdf pk/fi6 «kltn] g ]kfnsf ]cj:yfdf pk/fi6 «kltn] g ]kfnsf ]cj:yfdf pk/fi6 «kltn] g ]kfnsf ]cGtl/d ;+ljwfgsf] wf/f #êm -@_cGtl/d ;+ljwfgsf] wf/f #êm -@_cGtl/d ;+ljwfgsf] wf/f #êm -@_cGtl/d ;+ljwfgsf] wf/f #êm -@_cGtl/d ;+ljwfgsf] wf/f #êm -@_sf] Joj:yf cg';/0f u/L cg';"rL–sf] Joj:yf cg';/0f u/L cg';"rL–sf] Joj:yf cg';/0f u/L cg';"rL–sf] Joj:yf cg';/0f u/L cg';"rL–sf] Joj:yf cg';/0f u/L cg';"rL–!s sf] 9fFrfdf /fi6«klt;dIf kb!s sf] 9fFrfdf /fi6«klt;dIf kb!s sf] 9fFrfdf /fi6«klt;dIf kb!s sf] 9fFrfdf /fi6«klt;dIf kb!s sf] 9fFrfdf /fi6«klt;dIf kbtyf uf]kgLotfsf] zky lng'sf] c?tyf uf]kgLotfsf] zky lng'sf] c?tyf uf]kgLotfsf] zky lng'sf] c?tyf uf]kgLotfsf] zky lng'sf] c?tyf uf]kgLotfsf] zky lng'sf] c?ljsNk b ] lvg cfp Fb }g . o;ljsNk b ] lvg cfp Fb }g . o;ljsNk b ] lvg cfp Fb }g . o;ljsNk b ] lvg cfp Fb }g . o;ljsNk b ] lvg cfp Fb }g . o;ljk/Ltsf] sfo{ ;+ljwfg;Ddt x'gljk/Ltsf] sfo{ ;+ljwfg;Ddt x'gljk/Ltsf] sfo{ ;+ljwfg;Ddt x'gljk/Ltsf] sfo{ ;+ljwfg;Ddt x'gljk/Ltsf] sfo{ ;+ljwfg;Ddt x'gg;Sg] .g;Sg] .g;Sg] .g;Sg] .g;Sg] .

-k|s/0f g+=!^_

§ pk/fi6 «k ltn ] lxGbL efi f fdfpk/f i6 «k ltn ] lxGbL efi f fdfpk/f i6 «k ltn ] lxGbL efi f fdfpk/f i6 «k ltn ] lxGbL efi f fdfpk/f i6 «k ltn ] lxGbL efi f fdf/fi6 «klt;dIf lng ' ePsf ] lxGbL/fi6 «klt;dIf lng ' ePsf ] lxGbL/fi6 «klt;dIf lng ' ePsf ] lxGbL/fi6 «klt;dIf lng ' ePsf ] lxGbL/fi6 «klt;dIf lng ' ePsf ] lxGbLefiffsf ] zky g ]kfnsf ] cGtl/defiffsf ] zky g ]kfnsf ] cGtl/defiffsf ] zky g ]kfnsf ] cGtl/defiffsf ] zky g ]kfnsf ] cGtl/defiffsf ] zky g ]kfnsf ] cGtl/d;+ljwfg, @)^# sf] wf/f #êm -@_;+ljwfg, @)^# sf] wf/f #êm -@_;+ljwfg, @)^# sf] wf/f #êm -@_;+ljwfg, @)^# sf] wf/f #êm -@_;+ljwfg, @)^# sf] wf/f #êm -@_Pj+ cg';"rL–!s k|lts"n x'g'sf] ;fy}Pj+ cg';"rL–!s k|lts"n x'g'sf] ;fy}Pj+ cg';"rL–!s k|lts"n x'g'sf] ;fy}Pj+ cg';"rL–!s k|lts"n x'g'sf] ;fy}Pj+ cg';"rL–!s k|lts"n x'g'sf] ;fy}g]kfnsf] cGtl/d ;+ljwfg, @)^#g]kfnsf] cGtl/d ;+ljwfg, @)^#g]kfnsf] cGtl/d ;+ljwfg, @)^#g]kfnsf] cGtl/d ;+ljwfg, @)^#g]kfnsf] cGtl/d ;+ljwfg, @)^#sf] efjgf ljk/Lt e} ;+ljwfgcg's"nsf] efjgf ljk/Lt e} ;+ljwfgcg's"nsf] efjgf ljk/Lt e} ;+ljwfgcg's"nsf] efjgf ljk/Lt e} ;+ljwfgcg's"nsf] efjgf ljk/Lt e} ;+ljwfgcg's"nb ] lvg cfp Fb }g . o:tf ]b ] lvg cfp Fb }g . o:tf ]b ] lvg cfp Fb }g . o:tf ]b ] lvg cfp Fb }g . o:tf ]b ] lvg cfp Fb }g . o:tf ]; + ljwfgljk/Lt sfo{n] ;+j }wflgs;+ljwfgljk/Lt sfo{n] ;+j }wflgs;+ljwfgljk/Lt sfo{n] ;+j }wflgs;+ljwfgljk/Lt sfo{n] ;+j }wflgs;+ljwfgljk/Lt sfo{n] ;+j }wflgsdfGotf kfpg g;Sg] . dfGotf kfpg g;Sg] . dfGotf kfpg g;Sg] . dfGotf kfpg g;Sg] . dfGotf kfpg g;Sg] . -k|s/0f g+=!*_

lgjb]s tkm{af6M ljåfg clwjQmfx¿ >L afns[i0fg]pkfg], >L eLdfh' {g cfrfo{, >Ldfwjs'df/ a:g]t, >L s'df/ /]UdL, >Ll6sf/fd e6[/fO{, >L rGb|sfGt 1jfnL/ >L ljsf; e6[/fO{

ljkIfL tkm{af6M ljåfg gfoj dxfGofoflwjQmf>L s'df/ r'8fn / ljåfg clwjQmf >Lldlyn]zs'df/ l;Fx

cjnlDjt ghL/M g]= sf= k= @)$* lg=g+= $$#),g]sfk @)^@ lg=g+= &^!*

;Da4 sfg"gM§ g]kfnsf] cGtl/d ;+ljwfg, @)^# sf]

wf/f %-!_, @&-#_, #^s -#_, #êm -@_, #^5-

#_, $@, %#, %(s-!_, &!-@_, **, !)&-@_,!^% / cg';"rL !, !-s_

cfb]zGof=dLgaxfb'/ /fodfemLMGof=dLgaxfb'/ /fodfemLMGof=dLgaxfb'/ /fodfemLMGof=dLgaxfb'/ /fodfemLMGof=dLgaxfb'/ /fodfemLM g]kfnsf]

cGtl/d ;+ljwfg, @)^# sf] wf/f #@ Pj+ !)&-@_ adf]lhd o; cbfntdf bfo/ x'g cfPsf]k|:t't l/6 lgj]bgsf] l6kf]6 / cfb]z o; k|sf/5M

d lgj]bs sfg"g Joj;foLsf] ¿kdfsfd u/]sf] / ;+j}wflgs, sfg"gL Pj+ ;fj{hlgs;/f]sf/sf] ljifodf cbfntaf6 zflGtk"0f{ ¿kdfljjfb ;dfwfg u/fpg k|oTgzLn /x]sf] Psg]kfnL gful/s x'F . ;fj{ef}d g]kfnL hgtfn];+ljwfgadf]lhd lgjf{lrt ePsf /fi6«klt /pk/fi6«kltn] @)^%.$.* ut] a]n'sf #M)) ah]u/ ]sf ] zkyu |x0fdf /f i6 «k ltn ] k |wfgGofofwLz;dIf ;+ljwfgn] tf]s]adf]lhd zkylng' ePsf] t/ pk/fi6«kltn] zky lnFbf /fi6«kltn];+ljwfgsf] wf/f #êm-@_ adf]lhd zky jfrgu/]tfklg pk/fi6«kltn] lxGbL efiffdf zky lnPsf]s'/f ;a} g]kfnLn] ;'g]sf] ljlbt} 5 . ;+ljwfgsf]/Iff ug'{kg]{ pk/fi6«kltn] ;+ljwfgn] tf]s]eGbfljk/Lt x'g] u/L zky lng ldNg] gldNg], ;+ljwfgn]zkysf] 9fFrf / efiff to u/L ;s]kl5 To;sf]ljk/Lt vfPsf] zkyn] ;+j}wflgs dfGotf kfpg]gkfpg] / ;+ljwfg adf]lhdsf] zky glnPsfpk/fi6«kltn] ;+ljwfg adf]lhdsf] sfo{ ug{ kfpg]xf] xf]Og eGg] ljifodf p7]sf ljleGg ;+j}wflgsPj+ sfg"gL k|Zgx¿df lg/f]k0f ug{] clwsf/g]kfnsf] cGtl/d ;+ljwfgsf] wf/f !)&-@_ n]o; cbfntnfO{ k|bfg u/]sf] x'Fbf of] lgj]bg ug{cfPsf] 5' .

g]kfnsf] cGtl/d ;+ljwfg, @)^# sf]wf/f #êm-@_ df pk/fi6«kltn] cfkm\gf] sfo{ef/;DxfNg 'cl3 cg '; "rL–!s sf ] 9f Frfdf

564564564564564

/fi6«klt;dIf kb tyf uf]kgLotfsf] zky lng'kg{]5 eGg] ;+j}wflgs Joj:yf 5 . cg';"rL–!s dfg]kfnsf] cGtl/d ;+ljwfgk|lt k"0f{ akmfbf/ /xFb}pk/fi6«kltsf] sfdsfh k|rlnt sfg"gsf] cwLgdf/xL u5{' eGg] pNn]v x'Fbfx'Fb} pk/fi6«kltn] zkylnFbfb]lv g} ;+ljwfgsf] pNn+3g u/L ;+ljwfgn]gtf]s]sf] efiffdf zky lng'n] ;+ljwfgsf] ;+/If0fs;/L x'G5 cfkm} Fdf k|Zg lrGx p7]sf] 5 .;+ljwfg;ef ;b:onfO{ ;+ljwfg;ef ;b:o lgjf{rgP]g, @)^$ sf] bkmf %(s df cfkm\gf] dft[efiffdfzky lng 5"6 lbPsf] 5 eg] /fi6«klt /pk/fi6«kltnfO{ o:tf] 5"6 5}g . ;+ljwfg;ef df;b:o s'g} kf6L{, hft, hflt, ju{ If]qsf] k|ltlglwTjug{] x'g ;S5g\ . ;b:on] kbu|x0f ug'{eGbf klxnfkf6L{af6 /fhLgfdf lbg' kb{}g . t/ /fi6«klt jfpk/fi6«kltn] kf6L{sf] ;fwf/0f ;b:oaf6 ;d]t/fhLgfdf lbg' kg{] ePaf6 klg /fi6«klt /pk/fi6«klt s'g} kf6L{ ljz]ifsf] geO{ /fi6«sf] x'g]x'gfn] To:tf JolQmn] ;/sf/L sfdsfhsf] efiff;+ljwfgsf] cg';"rLdf pNn]v ePadf]lhd g} zkyvfg'kg{] x'G5 . ljkIfL pk/fi6«klt hGd]sf] lhNnfsf]dft[efiff d}ynL, ef]hk'/L jf cjlw x'g ;Sb5 .t/ lghsf] dft[efiff lxGbL x'g] ;Defjgf klg5}g . lgh ;jf{]Rr cbfntsf] e'=k"= GofofwLz e};s]sf] JolQm x'Fbf ;+ljwfgsf] cg';"rL–!s sf] efiffaf]Ng ghfg]sf] eGg ;lsg] klg xf]Og . pk/fi6«kltn];+ljwfgn] tf]s]adf]lhdsf] zky gvfPsf] cj:yfdf;fj{hlgs hjfkmb]xLsf] pk/fi6«kltsf] kbsf]lhDd]jf/L ;DxfNg ldNb}g . g]kfnsf] cGtl/d;+ljwfgsf] wf/f %-@_ n] b]jgfu/L lnlkdf g]kfnLefiff ;/sf/L sfdsfhsf] efiff x'g]5 eGg] pNn]vePsf] / pk/fi6«kltsf] kb ;+ljwfgadf]lhdsf];/sf/L kb ePsf] x'Fbf pk/fi6«kltn] zkyu|x0fug'{ eg]sf] ;/sf/L sfdsfh yfNg' xf] . ;/sf/Lsfdsfhdf ;+ljwfgsf] cg';"rL–!s adf]lhdsf]efiff g} k|of]u ug'{kg{] x'G5 .

pk/fi6«klt k/dfgGb emfn] g]kfnsf]cGtl/d ;+ljwfg, @)^# sf] wf/f %-@_, wf/f#êm-@_ / cg';"rL–!s ljk/Lt x'g] u/L @)^%.$.*df lnPsf] zky ;+ljwfgljk/Lt ePsf] x'FbfpTk|]if0fsf] cfb]zåf/f ab/ u/L ;+ljwfgsf] wf/f#êm-@_ / cg';"rL–!s adf]lhdsf] zky lnPkl5dfq pk/fi6«kltsf] sfo{ef/ ;DxfNg' egLk/dfb]zsf] cfb]z ;d]t hf/L u/L lgj]bgsf]clGtd lsgf/f gnfu];Dd pk/fi6«kltsf] sfo{ef/g;DxfNg' egL cGtl/d cfb]z ;d]t hf/L ul/kfpmFeGg] lgj]bssf] lgj]bg kq .

o;df s] s;f] ePsf] xf] < lgj]bssf]dfuadf]lhdsf] cfb]z lsg hf/L x'g gkg{] xf] <of] cfb]z k|fKt ePsf ldltn] af6fsf] Dofb afx]s& lbgleq dxfGofoflwjQmfsf] sfof{no dfkm{tlnlvt hjfkm k7fpg' egL /fi6«klt afx]ssfcGo ljkIfLx¿ pk/fi6«klt, k/dfgGb emf tyfg]kfn ;/sf/, k|wfgdGqL tyf dlGqkl/ifb\sfof{nonfO{ ;"rgf k7fO{ lbg' . l/6 lgj]bsclwjQmf afns[i0f g]pkfg] Pj+ lghsf tkm{sfljåfg sfg"g Joj;foLx¿ 6Lsf/fd e§/fO{;d]tn] cGtl/d cfb]z ;d]t hf/L u/L d'2frfF8f] lsgf/f x'g] cj:yf x'g'kb{5 egL lnPsf]lgj]bg lhsL/sf ;DaGwdf ljrf/ ubf { ,g]kfnsf] cGtl/d ;+ljwfg, @)^# sf] wf/f #^5sf ] pkw f/ f -@ _ s f ] cj:y fd f d fqpk/fi6«kltaf6 sfo{x¿ ;Dkfbg x'g] ;+j}wflgsJoj:yf / ljifoj:t'sf] ufDeLo{tfnfO{ Wofgdf/fvL & lbgleq lnlvt hjfkm dufpg] cfb]zePsf] cj:yfdf xfn dfuadf]lhdsf] cGtl/dcfb]z hf/L ul//xg' k/]g . ljjfbdf cfPsf];+j}wflgs ljifosf] clGtd lg/fs/0f g} l56f]x'g pko'Qm b]lvPsf]n] lnlvt hjfkm k/]kl5k|:t't lgj]bgnfO{ cu|flwsf/ lbO{ lgodadf]lhdk]z ug'{ eGg] o; cbfntsf] Ps GofofwLzsf]cfb]z .


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ljkIfL lgj]bssf] o; sfof{nosf] s]s:tf] sfd sf/jfxLaf6 xsclwsf/ xgg\ ePsf]5 ;f] s'/fsf] :ki6 lhsL/ glnO{ lagfcfwf/ /sf/0f o; sfof{nonfO{ ljkIfL agfpg ldNb}g .pk/fi6«kltn] cfkm\gf] sfo{ef/ ;DxfNg] tyf zkylng] ljifo /fhgLlts k|s[ltsf] ljifo ePsf]n] ;f]ljifo Gofoof]Uo (Justicial) x'g ;Sb}g . h'g ljifoGofoof]Uo x'Fb}g To:Tff] ljifodf cbfntn] Goflos/f]xaf6 Goflos lg/f]k0f ug{ g;Sg] x'gfn] To:Tff]ljifodf k/]sf] l/6 lgj]bg k|yd b[li6df g}vf/]hefuL 5 . pk/fi6«kltn] cGtl/d ;+ljwfgsf]cg';"rL–!s adf]lhdsf] 9fFrfdf kb tyfuf]kgLotfsf] zky lng'kg]{ Joj:Yff /x]sf] 5 .pk/fi6«kltn] ;+j}wflgs Joj:yfadf]lhd g]kfnLefiffdf n]lvPsf] zkysf] 9fFrfdf ;d]t x:tfIf/ug'{ ePsf]nP´:] of] ljifodf Goflos lg?k0feO/xg' kg]{ xf]Og . lgj]bssf] lgj]bg vf/]hul/kfpmF egL g]kfn ;/sf/ k|wfgdGqL tyfdlGqkl/ifb\sf] sfof{nosf] tkm{af6 k|fKTf x'g cfPsf]lnlvt hjfkm .

;fljs g]kfn clw/fHosf] ;+ljwfg,@)$& n] g]kfnL efiffnfO{ /fi6« efiffsf] ¿kdf /g]kfnL efiffafx]s cGo ;j} dft[efiffnfO{ /fli6«oefiffsf] ¿kdf :yflkt u/] klg xfn sfod /x]sf]g]kfnsf] cGtl/d ;+ljwfg, @)^# n] g]kfnLefiffnufot g]kfndf af]lng] ;a} dft[efiffx¿nfO{/fi6« efiffsf ¿kdf dfGotf k|bfg u/]sf] 5 .g]kfnsf /fhg]tfx¿n] ;do ;dodf lxGbL efiffsf];Gbe{df JoQm u/]sf ljrf/cg';f/ klg lxGbLefiff g]kfndf af]lng] dft[efiff / ;Dks{ efiffsf]¿kdf /lxcfPsf] 5 . O{=;= @))! df lnPsf]eflifs ;/sf/L tYofÍ cg';f/ g]kfndf af]lng](# efiffdWo] lxGbL efiff !^ cf}+ :yfgdf pNn]v/x]sf] 5 . g]kfnsf ljleGg efiffefifLx¿ aLrsf];Dks{ efiffsf] ¿kdf af]lng] ljleGg efiffx¿dWo] lxGbL efiff klg Ps ePsf] x'Fbf cGtl/d

;+ljwfgsf] wf/f % cg';f/ lxGbL efiff klg /fi6«efiffs} ¿kdf kb{5 . g]kfndf lxGbL dft[efiff /ljleGg ;d'bfon] a'em\g] ;Dks{ efiff ePsf]n];a} ;d'bfon] zkysf] cy{ / dd{ ;xhtfsf;fy a'em\g ;s"g eGg] clek|fon] d}n] zky afrgubf{ lxGbL efiff k|of]u u/]sf] x'F . pk/fi6«kltkbsf] zky lnFbf lxGbL / g]kfnL efiff cyf{t b'j}efiffdf /x]sf] b'O{j6f j]Unfj]Un} zkykqdfx:tfIf/ u/L zkyu|x0f] :sf] sfo{ ;DkGg ePsf]5 . zkyu|x0f ;DkGg ePkZrft\ d}n] cfkm\gf]kbLo lhDd]jf/Lcg';f/sf ] sfd sf/jfxLul/cfPsf] 5' . pk/fi6«klt kb u|x0f ug{ s'g}lglZrt efiff hfg]s} x'g' kb{5 jf af]Ng' kb{5eGg] s'/f g]kfnsf] cGtl/d ;+ljwfgn] Joj:yfu/]sf] 5}g . /fhgLlts kbflwsf/Ln] zky lng]ljifo /fhgLlts k|s[ltsf] ljifo ePsf]n] To:tf]ljifo cbfntsf] Goflos lg?k0fsf] If]qleq kb{}g .;+ljwfg jf sfg"gsf] JofVof ubf{ k|rlnt sfg"g,sfg"gL Joj:yf, Jojxf/, k/Dk/f, ;d;fdloskl/l:ylt / cfjZostf;d]tnfO{ dWogh/ /fvLJofVof ug'{kg]{{] x'G5 . Goflos lg?k0fsf nflu;Ddflgt cbfntdf k|:t't ug{] s'g} klg ljjfbsfNklgs jf cg'dflgt geP/ oyfy{dfcbfntaf6 lg?k0f x'g ;Sg] k|s[ltsf] x'g'kb{5 .zky zAb;Fu dfq ;DalGwt x'Fb}g of] efjgfTdss'/f klg xf] . zkysf] 9fFrf / zky lnFbfsf]jflrt lxGbL efiffdf zkysf] dd{, cy{ / efjgfdfst} s'g} km/s /x]sf] 5}g . g]kfnsf] cGtl/d;+ljwfg, @)^# sf] wf/f #^s -#_ n] /fi6«kltnfO{;+ljwfgsf] ;+/Ifssf] ¿kdf c+uLsf/ u/]sf] 5 ./fi6«kltsf] cg'kl:yltdf /fi6«kltaf6 ul/g]sfo{x¿ pk/fi6«kltaf6 ;Dkfbg x'g] egL cGtl/d;+ljwfgsf] wf/f #^5 -@_ df ;+j}wflgs k|fjwfg/x]sf] 5 . d pk/fi6«kltnfO{ kb tyf uf]kgLotfsf]zky lng nufpg' ePsf /fi6«kltsf gfddfcbfntaf6 lnlvt hjfkm dfu gug{] cfb]z

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ePaf6 /fi6«kltsf] cg'kl:yltdf sfd ug{] dpk/fi6«kltnfO{ ljkIfL agfO{ lnlvt hjfkm dfuug{ ldNb}g . ljkIfL lgj]bsn] cfkm\gf] nf]slk|otfsfnflu / d]/f] JolQmut rl/qdf cf3ft k'¥ofpg]p2]Zon] bfo/ u/]sf] To:tf] c;+j}wflgs l/6 lgj]bgvf/]hefuL 5 vf/]h ul/kfpmF egL pk/fi6«kltk/dfgGb emfsf] tkm{af6 k|:t't x'g cfPsf] lnlvthjfkm .

o;df o:t} ljifoj:t' ;dfj]z ePsf]lgj]bs v8fgGb e08f/Lsf] l/6 lgj]bg b/kL7u/] pk/ k/]sf] lgj]bgdf /lhi6«f/af6 s}lkmotk|ltj]bg dfu ePsf]df ;f] lgj]bg xfn s'gcj:yfdf 5, btf{ eO{ sf/jfxLo'Qm cj:yfdfeP ;f] ldl;n ;d]t ;fy} /fvL / btf{ gePsf]eP ;f]sf] hfgsf/L ldl;n ;fd]n /fvL lgodfg';f/k]z ug'{ eGg] o; cbfnt ;+o'Qm Ohnf;sf]@)^%.%.#) sf] cfb]z .

lgodadf]lhd cfhsf] b}lgs d'2f k]zL;"rLdf r9L Ohnf;;dIf k]z x'g cfPsf] k|:t'tlgj]bgdf lgj]bssf] tkm{af6 :jo+ lgj]bs ljåfgclwjQmf afns[i0f g]pkfg], ljåfg clwjQmfx¿eLdfh'{g cfrfo{, dfwjs'df/ a:g]t, s'df/ /]UdL,6Lsf/fd e§/fO{, rGb|sfGt 1jfnL / ljsf;e6[/fO{n] g]kfnsf] cGtl/d ;+ljwfg, @)^# sf]wf/f #êm -@_ df pk/fi6«kltn] cfkm\gf] sfo{ef/;DxfNg ' cl3 cg '; "rL–!s sf ] 9f Frfdf/fi6«klt;dIf kb tyf uf]kgLotfsf] zky lng'kg{]5 eGg] pNn]v ePsf] 5 . ;f]xL ;+ljwfgsf]cg';'rL–!s df /fi6«klt Pj+ pk/fi6«kltn] lng]zkysf] 9fFrf g]kfnL efiffdf n]lvPsf] 5 . cGtl/d;+ljwfgsf] wf/f #^s -#_ df ;+ljwfgsf] ;+/If0f/ kfng ug'{ /fi6«kltsf] k|d'v st{Jo x'g]5 eGg]Joj:yf /x]sf] 5 eg] ;f]xL ;+ljwfgsf] wf/f #^5-@_ df /fi6«kltsf] cg'kl:yltdf /fi6«kltaf6 ul/g]sfo{x¿ pk/fi6«kltaf6 ;Dkfbg ul/g]5 eGg]Joj:yf ePadf]lhd /fi6«kltsf] lhDd]jf/L k"/f

ug'{kg{] bfloTj ePsf pk/fi6«kltn] klg ;+ljwfgsf];+/If0f / kfngf ug'{ lghsf] klg st{Jo x'gcfpg] x'G5 . cGtl/d ;+ljwfgsf] wf/f % sf]pkwf/f -!_ df g]kfndf af]lng] ;a} dft[efiffx¿/fi6«efiff x'g\ egL pNn]v u/]sf] 5 eg] ;f]xLwf/fsf] pkwf/f -@_ df b]jgfu/L lnlkdf g]kfnLefiff ;/sf/L sfdsfhsf] efiff x'g]5 eGg] pNn]vePaf6 s] b]lvG5 eg] pk/fi6«kltn] ug{] zkysfo{qmd ;/sf/L sfdsfhleqs} ePsf] x'Fbflghsf] zky klg ;+ljwfgadf]lhd g]kfnL efiffd}lng'kg{] x'G5 . ;+ljwfgdf zkysf] 9fFrf g]kfnLefiffdf tf]lsPsf] cj:yfdf ;+ljwfgsf] ;+/If0fug{] k|d'v st{Jo ePsf pk/fi6«kltn] klg g]kfnLefiffdf zky lng' kg{]df g]kfnL efiffdf zkyglnO{ g]kfnsf] /fi6«efiff g} gePsf] lxGbL efiffdfzky lng'nfO{ ;+ljwfgsf] ;+/If0f / kfng u/]sf]eGg] b]lvFb}g .

pk/fi6«klt k/dfgGb emfn] lng] zkyJolQmn] lng] zky xf]Og . s'g} klg JolQmnfO{;fj{hlgs hjfkmb]xLsf] kbdf ;+:yfut u/fpFbfzky u/fOG5 . k|fs[lts JolQmn] j}wtf kfpg]sfd ug{sf] nflu zky u/fpg] ul/G5 . zkylng'sf] cy{ ;+ljwfg / sfg"gsf] ;jf{]RrtfnfO{dfGotf lbg' / To;sf] kfng ug'{ klg xf] . h'gkbflwsf/Ln] ;+ljwfgsf] cIf/;M kfng ub{}g To:tf]kbflwsf/Ln] sfg"gtM kb u|x0f u/]sf] dfGgldNb }g . pk/fi6 «k lt k/dfgGb emfn ];+ljwfgadf]lhd zky glnPsf] x'Fbf pxfF ;+:yfs[tx'g ;Sg'ePsf] 5}g .

pk/fi6«kltn] zky lnGg eGg ;Sg' x'G5 .t/ zky lnFbf ;+ljwfgn] Joj:yf u/] adf]lhd g}lng'kg{] x'G5 . pk/fi6«kltn] ;fj{hlgs kb wf/0fug{] / To;sf] ;'ljwf pkef]u ug{] t/ ;fj{hlgshjfkmb]xLsf] kbdf /xg] JolQmn] cfkm\gf ]cf]xf]bfcg';f/ kfng ug'{kg]{{] ;+j}wflgs k|fjwfgnfO{dflGbg eGg ldNb}g . g]kfnsf] cGtl/d ;+ljwfgn]


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jfWofTds u/]sf] s'/fnfO{ pk/fi6«kltn] :j]lR5sagfpg ldNb}g . jt{dfg cGtl/d ;+ljwfgn]lghnfO{ s'g} pGd'lQm glbPsf] cj:yfdf ;+ljwfgsf]cIf/;M kfng ug'{kg]{{] x'G5 . pk/fi6«kltn] ;+ljwfgadf]lhdsf] zky glnP pk/ k|Zg p7fO{cbfntdf cfPsf] ljjfbnfO{ cbfntn] Goflosk'g/fjnf]sgsf] dfWodaf6 x]g{ ldNb}g eGgldNb}g . ;+ljwfgsf] ;+/If0f / kfng ug{] bfloTjePsf pk/fi6«kltn] cGtl/d ;+ljwfgsf] wf/f#êm-@_ / cg';"rL–!s adf]lhd tf]lsPsf] 9fFrfdfplNnlvt efiffsf] ljk/Lt x'g] u/L u/]sf] zky;+ljwfg;Ddt ePsf] eGg ldNb}g . To:tf]c;+j}wflgs ¿kdf lnPsf] zky pTk|]if0fsf]cfb]zåf/f ab/ u/L lbO{ cGtl/d ;+ljwfgsf] wf/f#êm-@_ / cg';"rL–!s adf]lhdsf] zky vfPkl5dfq pk/fi6«kltsf] sfo{ef/ ;DxfNg' egLk/dfb]zsf] cfb]z hf/L x'g'kb{5 egL ug'{ ePsf]ax; ;d]t ;'lgof] .

To;}u/L g]kfn ;/sf/, k|wfgdGqL tyfdlGqkl/ifb\sf ] sfof {nosf] tkm{af6 gfoadxfGofoflwjQmf s'df/ r'8fnn] ;+ljwfgsf];+/If0f / kfngf ug'{kg]{{] bfloTj /fi6«kltsf] xf] ./fi6«kltaf6 pk/fi6«kltsf] lxGbL efiffsf] zkynfO{u|x0f ul/Psf] 5 . /fi6«kltnfO{ ljkIfL agfO{ lnlvthjfkm dfu ul/Psf] 5}g . pk/fi6«kltnfO{ k'gMzky u/fpg' egL cfb]z lbg ;lsg] cj:yf5}g . pk/fi6«kltnfO{ zky u/fpg] kbflwsf/L/fi6«kltn] s'g} k|ltlqmof ghgfPsf] cj:yfdf zky:jtM :jLsfo{ 5 . g]kfnsf] cGtl/d ;+ljwfgdfpk/fi6«klt x'g g]kfnL efiff af]Ng / n]Vg hfg]sf]x'g' kb{5 eGg] sxLF st} pNn]v 5}g . cGtl/d;+ljwfg g]kfnL efiffdf n]lvPsf] x'Fbf zkysf]9fFrf klg g]kfnL efiffdf g} /flvPsf] ;Dd xf] .;+ljwfgdf plNnlvt 9fFrfdf n]lvPsf] efiffdfg} zky lng'kg{] eGg] s'g} ;+j}wflgs Joj:yfePsf] 5}g . cGtl/d ;+ljwfgn] tf ]s]sf ]

9fFrfadf]lhd g} zky lnPsf] x'Fbf efiff km/skb{}df zky g} ab/ x'g] cj:yf cfpFb}g . lgj]bssf]lgj]bg vf/]h x'g'kb{5 egL ug'{ ePsf] ax;;'lgof] .

ljkIfL pk/fi6«klt k/dfgGb emfsf]tkm{af6 ljåfg clwjQmf ldlyn]zs'df/ l;+xn]g]kfnsf] cGtl/d ;+ljwfg, @)^# sf] wf/f %-!_df g]kfndf af]lng] ;a} dft[efiffx¿ /fi6« efiffx'g\ eGg] pNn]v ePsf] 5 . ;g\ @))! df lnPsf]hgu0fgfdf g]kfndf af]lng] (# efiff dWo] lxGbLefiff af]Ng]sf] :yfg !^ cf}+ ePsf] cj:yfdf lxGbLklg g]kfnsf] /fli6«o efiff cGtu{tsf] efiff xf]OgeGg ldNb}g . cGtl/d ;+ljwfgn] pk/fi6«kltn]ug{] zkysf] 9fFrf;Dd tf]s]sf] 5 . zky lnFbfs'g efiffdf lng'kg{] xf] eGg] s'/fdf ;+ljwfg df}gePsf] x'Fbf g]kfndf w]/} k|sf/sf /fi6« efiff ePsf]x'Fbf h'g JolQm h'g efiff kl/jf/leqsf] xf] To;n]To;} efiffdf zky lng ldNb}g eGg ;+ljwfgtMldNb}g . g]kfnL efiff n]Vg / af]Ng ghfGg] jfgaf]Ng] JolQmn] pk/fi6«kltsf] kb u|x0f ug{ ;Sb}geGg ldNb}g . pk/fi6«kltn] lxGbL efiffdf zkyafrg u/L ;f] zkynfO{ /fi6«kltn] :jLsf/ u/Lpk/fi6«kltsf] kb;d]t u|x0f u/L ;s]kZrft\lghsf] zky sfg"g;Ddt 5}g ab/ x'g'kb{5 egLlbPsf] lgj]bssf] lgj]bg dgf]ut Pj+ cfkm" k|rf/dfcfpg] p2]Zon] dfq lbPsf] x'Fbf To:tf] lgj]bgvf/]h x'g'kb{5 egL ug'{ ePsf] ax; ;d]t ;'lgof] .

lgj]bs Pj+ ljkIfLtkm{af6 /xg' ePsfljåfg clwjQmfx¿sf] ax; ;'gL cfh lg0f{o;'gfpg tfl/v tf]lsPsf]df lgj]bg Joxf]/f,ljkIfLx¿sf] lnlvt hjfkm, lgj]bs / ljkIfLtkm{af6 /xg' ePsf sfg"g Joj;foLsf] jx;nfO{dWogh/ /fvL x]bf{ o; cbfntn] b]xfosfljifodf ljrf/ u/L lg0f{o lbg'kg{] b]lvg cfof] –-s_ lgj]bssf] lgj]bg lbg] xsb}of 5 jf 5}g <-v_ zkysf] d"n p2]Zo s] xf] < lsg zky lnOG5 <

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-u_ pk/fi6«kltaf6 lnlvt hjfkm dfUg ldNg] jfgldNg] s] xf] <

-3_ pk/fi6«kltn] lng] zky ;DaGwdf sfg"gn] s]s:tf] Joj:yf u/]sf] 5 / lnPsf] zky sfg"g;Ddt/x] g/x]sf] s] xf] <

-ª_ lgj]bssf] dfuadf]lhdsf] cfb]z hf/L x'g' kg{]gkg{] s] xf] <

@= ;j{k|yd -s_ k|Zgtkm{ ljrf/u/L x]bf{ lgj]bs sfg"g Joj;fodf ;+nUg clwjQmfb]lvg cfpg' ePsf] 5 . /fi6«kltn] ;+ljwfgsf]wf/f #êm -@_ adf]lhd zky jfrg u/]tfklgpk/fi6«kltn] lxGbL efiffdf zky lnPsf] ;a}g]kfnLn] ;'g]sf], /fi6«kltsf] cg'kl:yltdfpk/fi6«kltn] ;+ljwfgsf] /Iff ug'{kg]{{]df ;+ljwfgn]tf]s]eGbf ljk/Lt x'g] u/L zky lng gldNg] egLk|:t't lgj]bg bfo/ ePsf]df cfkm\gf] nf]slk|otfsfnflu JolQmut rl/qdf cf3ft k'¥ofpg] p2]Zon]lgj]bg bfo/ u/]sf] x'Fbf vf/]h x'g'kg{] eGg] egfO{pk/fi6«kltsf] /x]sf] b]lvg cfof] . k|:t't lgj]bgg]kfnsf] cGtl/d ;+ljwfg, @)^# sf] wf/f !)&-@_ cGtu{t bfo/ ePsf] b]lvG5 . wf/f !)&-@_n] æo; ;+ljwfgåf/f k|bQ df}lns xssf] k|rngsf]nflu jf csf{] pkrf/sf] Joj:yf gePsf] jfcsf]{ pkrf/sf] Joj:yf ePklg ;f] pkrf/ckof{Kt jf k|efjxLg b]lvPsf] cGo s'g} sfg"gLxssf] k|rngsf] nflu jf ;fj{hlgs xs jf;/f]sf/sf] s'g} ljifodf ;dfj]z ePsf] s'g};+j}wflgs jf sfg"gL k|Zgsf] lg?k0fsf] nflucfjZos / pko'Qm cfb]z hf/L u/L To:tf] xssf]k|rng u/fpg] jf ljjfb 6'Ëf] nufpg] c;fwf/0fclwsf/ ;jf{]Rr cbfntnfO{ x'g]5Æ eGg] Joj:yf/x]sf] kfOof] . k|:t't ljjfbdf lgj]bs ;+ljwfgåf/fk|bQ df}lns jf sfg"gL xssf] k|rng lgldQcbfnt k|j]z u/]sf] ge} ;fj{hlgs ;/f]sf/sf]ljifodf ;dfj]z ePsf] ;+j}wflgs k|Zgsf;DaGwdf cbfnt k|j]z u/]sf] b]lvG5 . lnlvt

hjfkmdf lgj]bs cfkm\gf] nf]slk|otf lgldQcbfnt k|j]z u/]sf] elgPsf] 5 . lgZro g};fj{hlgs ;/f]sf/sf] ljifo cufl8 ;f/]/ k|ToIfjf k/f]If¿kdf cfkm\gf] lghL :jfy{ jf cfkm\gf]nf]slk|otf lgldQ cbfnt k|j]z ug'{ zf]egLos'/f] x}g tyflk s'g} ljjfb ;fj{hlgs ;/f]sf/sf]5 / To;df ;+j}wflgs jf sfg"gL k|Zg ;lGgxLt5 eg] To:tf] ;+j}wflgs jf sfg"gL k|Zg ;dfj]zePsf] ;fj{hlgs dxTjsf] ljifonfO{ nf]slk|otfsf]lgldQ cbfnt k|j]z u/]sf] egL kG5fpg pko'Qmx'Fb}g . ;fj{hlgs ;/f]sf/sf] ljifodf ;dfj]zePsf] ;+j}wflgs jf sfg"gL k|Zgsf ;DaGwdfcbfnt k|j]z ug{] xsflwsf/ -Locus Standi_ sf;DaGwdf /fw]Zofd clwsf/L lj?4 g]kfn ;/sf/dlGqkl/ifb\ ;lrjfno -g]sfk @)$*, lg=g+= $$#)_df ljifb\ ¿kdf ljj]rgf Pj+ JofVof e} ;f]JofVofnfO{ cbfntn] cg'z/0f u/L lg/Gt/tf k|bfgub{} cfPsf] 5 . ;fj{hlgs ;/f]sf/sf] ;DaGwdf;f] lg0f{odf æ;j{;fwf/0f hgtf jf s'g}hg;d'bfosf] ;fd"lxs lxt jf :jfy{sf] k|ltlglwTjug{] jf To:tf] lxt jf :jfy{ cg's"n jf k|lts"nk|efj kfg{] s'g} klg s'/f ;fj{hlgs ;/f]sf/sf]ljifo aGb5 . b]zsf] ;'/Iff, zf;g Joj:yf,;fdflhs zflGt, hg;fwf/0fsf] lzIff, :jf:Yo,g}ltstf, b]zsf] cfly{s cj:yf, d"No j[l4,;+ljwfgdf /fHo gLltsf lgb{]zs l;4fGtsf] ¿kdfJojl:yt ;fdf lhs Gofosf s '/ fx¿dfhg;fwf/0fsf] ;/f]sf/ /x]sf] x'G5 . oyfy{df;fj{hlgs ;/f]sf/sf] ljifo olt g} xf] eg]/ls6fgL ug{ ;lsGg . t/ o; ;DaGwdf Pp6fs'/f] s] a'em\g' cfjZos 5 eg] ;+lj˜wfgcGtu{tcbfntaf6 lg?k0f x'g'kg{] ljjfbsf] ;Gbe{df;fj{hlgs ;/f]sf/sf] cy{ ubf{ sfg"gsf] ;Ldfleq g} /x]/ ug'{ cfjZos x'G5 . t;y{ pQm;+j}wflgs Joj:yfcGtu{t s'g} ljifonfO{;fj{hlgs ljjfbsf] ¿kdf o; cbfntdf


569569569569569


Nofpgsf] nflu sfg"g jf ;+ljwfgdf cfwfl/tx'g'kb{5Æ eGg] o; cbfntsf] k"j{ wf/0ff /x]sf];Gbe{df /fi6«kltsf] cg'kl:yltdf /fi6«kltaf6ul/g] sfo{x¿ pk/fi6«kltaf6 ;DkGg x'g] ;+j}wflgsJoj:yfsf] kl/k|]Iodf /fi6«sf] pk/fi6«klt h:tf]dxTjk"0f{ kbsf] zky ;+ljwfgsf] Joj:yfcg'¿kgePsf] eGg] k|Zg ;fj{hlgs ;/f]sf/sf] ljifo/x]sf] Goflos lg/f]k0fsf] dfkb08leq kg{] /;+ljwfgtM o; cbfntaf6 lg/f]k0f x'g'kg{] ljifoePsf] o:tf] dxTjk"0f{ ;fj{hlgs ;/f]sf/sf]ljifosf ;DaGwdf p7]sf] ;+j}wflgs k|Zgsf;DaGwdf sfg"g Joj;foLsf] ¿kdf /x]sflgj]bsnfO{ cbfnt k|j]z ug{] xsclwsf/ -Locus

Standi _ gePsf] eGg ;'xfpg] b]lvPg .#= æg]kfn clw/fHosf] ;+ljwfg,

@)$& sf] wf/f #! n] >L % af6 u/L jS;]sf] s'g}sfdsf] ;DaGwdf cbfntdf k|Zg p7fOg] 5}gegL pGd'lQm lbPsf] cj:yf klg o; cbfntaf6g]kfn clw/fHosf] ;+ljwfg, @)$& n] ;fdflhs,/fhgLlts Pj+ cfly{s ;d'Ggltsf] cfwf/ g]kfnclw/fHosf] ;+ljwfg, @)$& sf] ;+j}wflgsJoj:yfnfO{ :jLsf/ u/L ;+j}wflgs ;jf{]Rrtfsf]cjwf/0fnfO{ u|x0f u/]sf] 5 . ;+ljwfgsf] wf/f@& sf] pkwf/f -#_ df >L % af6 g]kfnL hgtfsf];jf{]Qd lxt / ;d'Ggltsf] nflu ;+ljwfgsf] kfngf/ ;+/If0f u/L jS;g]5 eGg] Joj:yf ePsf]n];+j}wflgs Joj:yfaf6 dfq g]kfnL hgtfsf];jf{]Qd lxt x'g] ePaf6 g]kfnL hgtfsf] lxtlgldQ ;+ljwfgsf] kfngf / ;+/If0fsf] bfloTj;+ljwfgn] >L % df tf]s]sf] cj:yf 5 . ;+j}wflgsJoj:yf g} g]kfnL hgtfsf] ;j{tf]d'vL k|ultsf]cfwf/ eGg] s'/fsf] c7f]6 ;+ljwfgsf] /x]sf] /;+j}wflgs ;jf{]Rrtfsf] cjwf/0ffnfO{ :jLsf/ul/Psf ] l:yltdf /fHo zlQm ;+j }wflgsJoj:yfljk/Lt k|of]u ePsf] egL ;+j}wflgs ljjfbp7fO{ ;jf{]Rr cbfnt k|j]z u/]sf]df ;jf{]Rr

cbfntaf6 ;+j}wflgs k|Zgsf] lg?k0f gx'g] xf]eg] g]kfnL hgtfsf] zflGt / pGgltsf] ;+j}wflgscfwf/df lj£g cfpg ;Sg] l:ylt kg{ ;Sb5 .;+j}wflgs ljjfbx¿ clgl0f{t /xg' x'Fb}g . o;sf];dfwfg pko'Qm dfWodaf6 geP ckm\7\of/f] /c;xh kl/l:ylt l;h{gf x'g hfG5 / /fHo Joj:yfc;xh cj:yfdf k'Ug hfG5 . ;+ljwfg tyfsfg"gsf] ;+/If0f hgtfsf] xssf] k|rng jf;+j}wflgs ljjfbsf] Goflos lg/f]k0fsf] lhDd]jf/L;+ljwfgsf] wf/f ** n] ;jf{]Rr cbfntnfO{;'lDkPsf] ;+j}wflgstfsf] k|Zgdf ;jf{]Rr cbfntk|j]z ug{ gkfpg] eGg ;+ljwfg cg's"n x'Fb}gÆegL lgj]bs /fhLj k/fh'nL lj?4 e|i6frf/lgoGq0f zfxL cfof]u, xl/x/ ejg nlntk'/;d ]tdf -g ]sfk @)^@, lg=g + + = &^!*_;+j}wflgstfsf] k/LIf0f ePsf] b]lvG5 . ;+ljwfgd"n sfg"g ePsf] / o;sf] kfngf ug'{ k|To]sJolQmsf] st{Jo ePsf] x'Fbf ;+j}wflgstfsf] k|Zgdfcbfnt ljz]if uDeL/ Pj+ lhDd]jf/ x'g cfjZosx'G5 .

$= cj -v_ k|Zgtkm{ ljrf/ u/f}F .g]kfnsf] cGtl/d ;+ljwfgsf] efu @$ wf/f !^%sf] pkwf/f -@_ n] ljifo jf k|;Ën] csf{] cy{gnfu]df o; ;+ljwfgdf JoQm ePsf s'/fx¿sf]cwLgdf /xL sfg"g JofVof;DaGwL k|rlnt sfg"gLJoj:yf g]kfn sfg"gsf] JofVofdf nfu" eP;/xo; ;+ljwfgsf] JofVofdf klg nfu" x'g]5 eGg]Joj:yf ePsf] / sfg"g JofVof ;DaGwL P]g,@)!) sf] bkmf @ v08 -t_ n] zkynfO{, æof]zAbn] wd{ efs\g'sf] ;§f P]gn] k|lt1f jf 3f]if0ffug{ kfpg] JolQmn] u/]sf] k|lt1f jf 3f]if0ffnfO{;d]t hgfpF5Æ eGg] kl/efiff u/]sf] b]lvof] .sfg"g JofVof;DaGwL P]g, @)!) sf] bkmf @v08 -t_ n] zky zAbsf] kl/efiff u/]sf], of]kl/efiffaf6 ;+ljwfgdf ePsf] zkysf] cy{ a'em\gd2t k'Ug] tyf JofVofdf ;xfos x'g] b]lvG5 .

570570570570570

;fj{hlgs kb wf/0f ug{] JolQmn] sfg"gn]tf]s]adf]lhdsf] zky lng] sfo{ ;DkGg ePkl5dfq sfo{ef/ ;DxfNg of]Uo dflgG5 / kb;FuufFl;Psf] ;'ljwf zkykl5 dfq k|fKt x'G5 . zkylnPkl5 zkyk|lt sfg"gL Pj+ g}lts b'j} bfloTjl;h{gf x'G5 . zky lnFbf cfkm"n] u/]sf] 3f]if0ff jfk|lt1fk|lt jkmfbf/ jf k|ltj4 /xg' jfG5gLo7flgG5 . kbsf] zky lnbf cfkm"n] u/]sf] k|lt1fk|lts"nsf] sfo{ kbcg';f/sf] cfr/0f 7flgg ;Sb}g/ zky k|lts"nsf] sfo{ dxfcleof]u jf kbd'Qmsf]cfwf/ aGg ;Sb5 . o;}n] ;fj{hlgs kb wf/0fug{] JolQmnfO{ kbsf] zky lng sfg"gL¿kdf g}clgjfo{ x'G5 . pk/fi6«kltn] cfkm\gf] sfo{ef/;DxfNg'cufl8 kb tyf uf]kgLotfsf] zky lng'kg{]sfg"gL Joj:yf ePsf]df zkysf] efiff lxGbLePsf] lxGbL efiff klg g]kfnLn] a'em\g] /fi6« efiffs}¿kdf kb{5 t;y{ lxGbL efiffdf lnPsf] zkynfO{cGoyf dfGg gldNg] eGg] egfO /x]af6 efiffsf]s'/f]df afx]s cGtl/d ;+ljwfgsf] Joj:yfadf]lhdkb tyf uf]kgLotfsf] zky lng'kg{] tYonfO{:jLsf/ g} u/]sf] b]lvFbf zkysf] p2]Zo /cfjZostf tkm{ ljz]if rrf{sf] cfjZostf b]lvgcfPg .

%= cj -u_ k|Zgtkm{ ljrf/ u/f}F .pk/fi6«kltn] cfkm\gf] lnlvt hjfkmdf /fhgLltskbflwsf/Ln] zky lng] ljifo /fhgLlts k|s[ltsf]ljifo ePsf]n] To:tf] Goflos lg/f]k0fsf] If]qleqkb{}g egL pNn]v ug'{ ePaf6 pk/fi6«kltn] cfkm"nfO{/fhgLlts kbflwsf/Lsf] ¿kdf /fv]sf] b]lvgcfof] . pk/fi6«kltsf] kb /fhgLlts xf] jf s:tf]xf] eGg] ;DaGwdf ;+j}wflgs, sfg"gL Joj:yf g}x]g'{kg{] x'G5 . g]kfnsf] cGtl/d ;+ljwfg, @)^#sf] wf/f #^5 -#_ n], ælgjf{rg, dgf]gog jflgo'lQmåf/f k"lt{ x'g] s'g} /fhgLlts kbdf axfn/x]sf] s'g} JolQm pk/fi6«kltsf] kbdf lgjf{lrtePdf lghsf] To:tf] kb :jtM l/Qm x'g]5Æ eGg]

Joj:yfn] pk/fi6«kltdf lgjf{lrt JolQm lgjf{lrtx'g'k"j{ /fhgLlts JolQmsf] x}l;ot jf kbdf /x]sf]x'g ;Sg] ePtfklg pk/fi6«kltdf lgjf{lrt ePkl5To:tf] /fhgLlts x}l;ot ;dfKt x'g] :ki6;+j}wflgs Joj:yf b]lvg cfof] . /fhgLltsJolQm eGg] ljlQs} s'g} /fhgLlts bn jf;+u7g;Fu ;DalGwt /fhgLlts ljrf/wf/f, bz{gjf sfo{qmdk|lt k|ltj4 ;/sf/ lgdf{0f Pj+;~rfngnufot /fhgLlts ultljlw;Fu;DalGwt x'G5 . xfd|f] ;+j}wflgs Joj:yfadf]lhd/fi6«kltsf] cg'kl:yltdf /fi6«kltsf] sfd ;Dkfbgug{] pk/fi6«klt s'g} /fhgLlts bn jf ;+u7g jfs'g} bnsf] /fhgLlts ljrf/wf/f jf bz{g jfsfo{qmd;Fu ;DalGwt ge} ;+ljwfgsf] ;+/If0f /kfngfsf ] lhDd ]jf/L af ]s ]sf ] dxTjk "0 f {kbflwsf/Lsf ¿kdf ;+ljwfgn] /fv]sf] b]lvG5 .u0ftGq ef/tsf] ;+ljwfgsf] wf/f %# n] ;+j}wflgsJoj:yfadf]lhd k|of]u x'g] u/L sfo{sf/0fL clwsf//fi6«kltnfO{ k|bfg u/]sf] 5 . ;+o'Qm /fHocd]l/sfsf] /fi6«kltnfO{ ef/tsf] /fi6«klt eGbfJofks csf{] zAbdf k"0f{¿kdf sfo{sfl/0fL clwsf/;'lDkPsf] b]lvG5 . t/ g]kfnsf] cGtl/d ;+ljwfg,@)^# sf] wf/f #&-!_ n] g]kfnsf] sfo{sfl/0fLclwsf/ dlGqkl/ifb\df lgxLt /fv]sf] 5 . wf/f#^s-#_ n] u0ftGq ef/t jf ;+o'Qm /fHocd]l/sfdf h:tf] sfo{sfl/0fL clwsf/ /fi6«kltdfgtf]sL ;+ljwfgsf] ;+/If0f / kfngf ug{' /fi6«kltsf]k|d'v st{Jo x'g]5 egL tf]s]sf] 5 . em§ jf;txL ¿kdf x]bf{ pk/fi6«klt /fhgLlts kb h:tf]nfUg ;Sb5 . t/ g]kfnsf] cGtl/d ;+ljwfgsf]wf/f #^5 -@_ n] /fi6«kltsf] cg'kl:yltdf/fi6«kltaf6 ul/g] sfo{ cyf{t cGtl/d ;+ljwfgsf]wf/f #^s-#_ sf] Joj:yfadf]lhd ;+ljwfgsf];+/If0f / kfngf ug'{kg]{{] pk/fi6«kltnfO{ /fhgLltsultljlwd'Qm /fVg] ;+ljwfgsf] :ki6 p2]Zo x'Fbf


571571571571571


pk/fi6«kltn] cfkm"nfO{ /fhgLlts JolQmsf]x}l;otdf /fVg' plrt b]lvg cfpFb}g .

^= d pk/fi6«kltnfO{ kb tyfuf]kgLotfsf] zky lng cfpg' ePsf /fi6«kltsf]gfddf cbfntaf6 lnlvt hjfkm dfu gug{] cfb]zePaf6 /fi6«kltsf] cg'kl:yltdf sfd ug{] dpk/fi6«kltnfO{ ljkIfL agfO{ lnlvt hjfkm dfuug{ ldNb}g egL lhsL/ lnPsf] kfOof] . cGtl/d;+ljwfgsf] wf/f !)&-@_ cGtu{t kg{] lgj]bgdfsf/0f b]vfp cfb]zcGtu{t lnlvt hjfkm dufpg]sfo{ Audi Alterm Partem csf{] kIf cyf{t c;/kg{] kIfsf] s'/f ;'g eGg] l;4fGtdf cfwfl/t 5 .s'g} JolQmsf] xslxt jf :jfy{ uFfl;Psf JolQmnfO{c;/ kb{5 eg] To:tf] JolQmnfO{ cfkm\gf] s'/feGg lbg'kb{5 eGg] k|fs[lts Gofosf] ;j{dfGol;4fGt xf] . of] :jR5 ;'g'jfOsf] :jl0f{d lgodklg xf] . ;/f]sf/ gePsf] c;DalGwt jf c;/gkg{] kIfnfO{ cbfnt;Dd af]nfpg' emGem6 jfb'Mv lbg' xf] . To;}n] o:tf] cj:yf gk/f];´:\eGgsf vflt/ cbfntn] o:tf ljjfb;Fu ;DaGwg/x]sf c;DalGwt jf lg0f{oaf6 c;/ gkg{]JolQmnfO{ ljkIfL agfPsf] eP klg cj:yf x]/Lcbfntn] lnlvt hjfkm gdufpg klg ;Sb5 .s'g} kbflwsf/LnfO{ cbfntL sf/jfxL of Goflosk|lqmofaf6 ;+ljwfg jf sfg"gn] s'g} ljz]ifflwsf/-Privilege_ jf pGd'lQm -Immunity_ lbPsf]cj:yfdf To:tf kbflwsf/L cj:yfcg';f/ Goflosk|lqmofaf6 pGd'Qm x'G5g\ / To:tf JolQmnfO{cbfntn] s]xL g;f]Wg ;Sb5 jf lnlvt hjfkmgdfUg ;Sb5 . u0ftGq ef/tsf] ;+ljwfgsf] wf/f#^! n] ef/tsf] /fi6«kltnfO{ s]xL Goflosk|lqmofaf6 d'Qm /fv]sf] 5 . ;+o'Qm /fHo cd]l/sfsf/fi6«kltnfO{ klg of] pGd'lQm k|fKt 5 . g]kfnsf]cGtl/d ;+ljwfg jf sfg"gn] /fi6«kltnfO{ s'g}ljz]ifflwsf/ -Privilege_ jf pGd'lQm k|bfg u/]sf]cj:yf b]lvb}g . pk/fi6«klt cfkm}n] /fi6«kltsf]

ljz]ifflwsf/ -Privilege_ jf pGd'lQm -Immunity_sf ;DaGwdf s]xL eGg vf]Ng ;Sg' ePsf] 5}g .;+ljwfg Pj+ sfg"gn] /fi6«kltnfO{ ljz]ifflwsf/ -Privilege_ jf pGd'lQm -Immunity_ k|bfg gu/]sf]cj:yfdf /fi6«kltsf] cg'kl:yltdf /fi6«kltaf6ul/g ] sfo { ;DkGg ug{ ] pk/fi6 «kltnfO {sfg"gljk/Lt ePsf sfo{sf ;DaGwdf cbfntLsf/jfxLaf6 pGd'lQm k|bfg u/]sf] eGg ;lsg]cj:yf ePg . To;df klg pk/fi6«klt ljkIfLdfqge} lgj]bg bfjLaf6 k|:t't ljjfbsf] lg0f{oaf6c;/ k'Ug ;Sg] JolQm ePaf6 pk/fi6«kltaf6lnlvt hjfkm dfu ug{ gldNg] eGg] egfOljz]ifflwsf/ -Privilege_ jf pGd'lQm -Immunity_sf] cefjdf / csf{ kIfsf] s'/f ;'g -Audi

Alterm Partem_ eGg] k|fs[lts Gofosf] :jl0f{dl;4fGtaf6 ldNg] b]lvg cfPg .

&= cj -3_ k |Zgtkm { cyf {tpk/fi6«kltn] lng] zky ;DaGwdf sfg"gn] s]s:tf] Joj:yf u/]sf] 5, lnPsf] zky sfg"g;Ddt/x] g/x]sf] s] xf] < o;tkm{ ljrf/ u/L x]bf{,g]kfnsf]cGtl/d ;+ljwfg, @)^# sf] wf/f #êm -@_ n],æpk/fi6«kltn] cfkm\gf] sfo{ef/ ;DxfNg'cl3cg';"rL–!s sf] 9fFrfdf /fi6«klt;dIf kb tyfuf]kgLotfsf] zky lng' kg{]5Æ eGg] Joj:yfu/]sf]df cg';"rL–!s lgDg adf]lhd /x]sf]kfOof] –

wf/f #^r / wf/f #êm sf] pkwf/f -@_ ;Fu;DalGwt

-/fi6«klt tyf pk/fi6«kltn] lng] kb tyfuf]kgLotfsf] zkysf] 9fFrf_

d -/fi6«klt÷pk/fi6«kltsf] k"/f gfd_============ d'n's / hgtfk|lt k"0f{ jkmfbf/ /xL;Tolgi7fk"j{s k|lt1f u5'{÷ O{Zj/sf] gfddf zky

572572572572572

lnG5' ls g]kfnsf] /fhsLo ;Qf / ;fj{ef}d;Qfg]kfnL hgtfdf /x]sf] g]kfnsf] cGtl/d ;+ljwfg,@)^# k|lt k"0f{ jkmfbf/ /xFb} /fi6«klt÷pk/fi6«kltkbsf] sfdsfh k|rlnt sfg"gsf] cwLgdf /xLd'n's / hgtfsf] ;f]emf] lrtfO{, s;}sf] 8/ gdfgL,kIfkft gu/L, k"jf{u|x jf v/fj efjgf glnO{Odfgbf/Ltfsf ;fy ug{]5' / cfkm\gf] st{Jokfngfsf] l;nl;nfdf cfkm"nfO{ hfgsf/LdfcfPsf] s'/f d kbdf axfn /xFbf jf g/xFbfh'g;'s} cj:yfdf klg sfg"gsf] kfngf ubf{ afx]sc? cj:yfdf s'g} lsl;daf6 klg k|s6 jf ;Í]tug]{ 5}g .gfd, y/M======== ============ ========ldltM======= ===== ;xLM ====== =======

pk/fi6«kltn] ;+jt\ @)^% ;fn ;fpg* ut] a'wjf/ b]xfoadf]lhd zky ug'{ ePsf]b]lvG5 .pk/fi6«klt s] kb tyf uf]kgLotf s] zkyd} k/dfgGb emf /fi6« cf}/ hgtf s] k|lt k"0f{akmfbf/ /xt] x'P ;Tolgi7fk"j{s k|lt1f s/tfx'F÷O{Zj/ s] gfd d]+ zky n]tf x'F ls g]kfn s]/fhsLo;Qf cf}/ ;fj{ef}d;Qf g]kfnL hgtf d]+k|Tofe"t lsof uof g]kfn s] cGtl/d ;+ljwfg,@)^# k|lt k"0f{ jkmfbf/ /xt] x'P pk/fi6«kltkbs] sfdsfh k|rlnt sfg"g s] cwLg d]+ /xt]x'P Pjd\ /fi6« cf}/ hgtf s] ;jf{]kl/ lxtsf]X[bofª\ud s/s] ls;Lsf 8/ g dfgs], kIfkftg s/s], k"jf{u|x cyjf v/fj efjgf g n]s/OdfGbf/L s] ;fy s?Fuf cf}/ ckg] st{Jo kfngs] l;nl;nf d]+ ckg] hfgsf/L d]+ cfO{ x'O{ jftd}+ kb d]+ /xt] jf gxL+ /xt] lh; ls;L cj:yf d]+eL sfg"g s] kfng s] l;jfo cGo ls;L cj:yfd]+ ls;L eL k|sf/ ;] k|u6 jf ;ª\s]t gxL s?Fuf .

gfd, y/M k/dfgGb emf;xLM ====== ==========

ldltM ;+jt\ @)^% ;fn ;fpg * ut] a'wjf/ z'ed\

*= cGo kb f lwsf/ Lx¿sf ];DaGwdf s] s:tf] zkysf] Joj:yf u/]sf] /x]5egL g]kfnsf] cGtl/d ;+ljwfgsf] wf/f $@ n]æk|wfgdGqLn] /fi6«klt;dIf pkk|wfgdGqL,dGq L , / fHodGqL tyf ;xfos dGqLn ]k|wfgdGqL;dIf cfkm\gf] kb / uf]kgLotfsf]zkyu|x0f ug'{kg]{ { ]5Æ eGg];Dd Joj:yf u/]sf]t/ zkysf] 9fFrf eg] ;+ljwfgn] tf]s]sf] b]lvgcfPg . tyflk k|wfgdGqL, pkk|wfgdGqL, dGqL,/ f HodGq L , ;x fosdGq Lx¿n ] / f i6 « k ltpk/fi6«kltsf] lgldQ tf]s]sf] 9fFrfadf]lhd lng]kl/kf6L ljsf; ePsf] b]lvg cfof] . o;}kl/k] |Iodf ;+ljwfg;ef ;b:osf] zkyu|x0f;DaGwdf s] s:tf] Joj:yf /x]sf] 5 egL x]bf{g]kfnsf] cGtl/d ;+ljwfg, @)^# n] vf; s]xLJoj:yf gu/]sf] / ;+ljwfg;ef ;b:o lgjf{rgcWofb]z, @)^% sf] bkmf %(s n] b]xfosf]Joj:yf u/]sf] kfOof] –

%(s -!_ bkmf # adf]lhd lgjf{lrt jfdgf]gog ePsf] ;b:on] ;+ljwfg;ef jf o;sf]s'g} ;ldltsf] klxnf] a}7sdf efu lng'cl3;+ljwfg;efsf] cWoIftf ug{] JolQm;dIf cg';"rL–^ adf]lhdsf] 9fFrfdf kb tyf uf]kgLotfsf] zkylng' kg{]5 .

t/ ;+ljwfgsf] wf/f &! sf] pkwf/f -@_adf ] lhd cWoIftf ug{ ] ;b:on] pkl:yt;b:o;dIf cfkm} zky lng' kg{]5 .

-@_ s'g} ;b:on] cfkm\gf] dft[efiffdf zkylng rfx]df To:tf] ;b:on] pkbkmf -!_ adf]lhdsf]zkysf] Joxf]/f cfkm\gf] dft[efiffdf cg'jfb u/L;f] cg'jfbsf] k|lt ;+ljwfg;ef jf o;sf] s'g};ldltsf] klxnf] a}7sdf efu lng' tLglbgcufj}Joj:yflksf–;+;bsf] dxf;lrjnfO{ pknAwu/fpg' kg{]5 eGg] Joj:yf u/L lgDg 9fFrf tf]s]sf]kfOof]] .


573573573573573


-bkmf %(s ;Fu ;DalGwt_-;+ljwfg;ef ;b:on] lng] kb tyf

uf]kgLotfsf] zkysf] 9fFrf_

d -;DalGwt ;b:osf] k"/f gfd_==== ======d'n's / hgtfk|lt k"0f{ jkmfbf/ /xL ;Tolgi7fk"j{sk|lt1f u5'{÷ O{Zj/sf] gfddf zky lnG5' lsg]kfnsf] /fhsLo ;Qf / ;fj{ef}d;Qf g]kfnLhgtfdf /x]sf] g]kfnsf] cGtl/d ;+ljwfg, @)^#k|lt k"0f{ jkmfbf/ /xFb} ;+ljwfg;efsf] ;b:o kbsf]sfdsfh k|rlnt sfg"gsf] cwLgdf /xL d'n's/ hgtfsf] ;f]emf] lrtfO{, s;}sf] 8/ gdfgL,kIfkft gu/L, k"jf{u|x jf v/fj efjgf glnO{kbLo uf]kgLotf sfod /fvL Odfgbf/Lsf ;fyug{]5' .

gfd, y/M====== ======================ldltM======== ================ ;xLM ===== ======

(= pk/f]Qm Joj:yfaf6 /fi6«kltpk/fi6«kltn] kb tyf uf]kgLotfsf] zky lng'kg]{u/L ;+ljwfgn] Joj:yf u/L ;+ljwfgd} 9fFrftf]s]sf], k|wfgdGqL, pkk|wfgdGqL, dGqL, /fHodGqL/ ;xfos dGqLn] kb tyf uf]kgLotfsf] zkylng'kg{] ;+ljwfgn] Joj:yf u/]sf] t/ zkysf]9fFrf ;+ljwfg jf sfg"gn] gtf]s]sf] ePklg /fi6«klttyf pk/fi6«kltn] lng] kb tyf uf]kgLotfsf]zkysf] 9FfrfnfO{ k|of]u u/L Jojxf/df NofOPsf],;+ljwfg;ef ;b:osf] zky ;+ljwfg;ef ;b:olgjf{rg cWofb]z, @)^% n] u/]sf] / zkysf]9Ffrf klg tf]lsPsf] cj:yf b]lvof] .

!)= ljleGg efiffefifLx¿ aLrsf];Dks{ efiffsf] ¿kdf jf]lng] ljleGg efiffx¿dWo] lxGbL klg Ps efiff ePsf] x'Fbf cGtl/d;+ljwfgsf] wf/f % cg';f/ lxGbL efiff klg /fi6«s}

efiffsf] ¿kdf kb{5 . zkysf] cy{ / dd{;xhtfsf;fy a'em\g ;s"g eGg] clek|fon] d}n]zky afrg ubf{ lxGbL efiff k|of]u u/]sf] x'F eGg]lnlvt hjfkmaf6 b]lvFbf lxGbL efiffdf zkyjfrg u/]sf] tYonfO{ pk/fi6«kltn] :jLsf/ g}u/]sf] b]lvof] . g]kfnsf] cGtl/d ;+ljwfg, @)^#sf] cg';"rL–!s df /fi6«klt tyf pk/fi6«kltn]lng] kb tyf uf]kgLotfsf] 9fFrf b]jgfu/L lnlkdfg]kfnL efiffdf /flvPsf] 5 . g]kfnsf] cGtl/d;+ljwfg, @)^# sf] wf/f % n] lgDg Joj:yfu/]sf] 5M–

/fi6«efiffM/fi6«efiffM/fi6«efiffM/fi6«efiffM/fi6«efiffM -!_ g]kfndf af]lng] ;a} dft[efiffx¿/fi6« efiff x'g\ .

-@_ b]jgfu/L lnlkdf g]kfnL efiff;/sf/L sfdsfhsf] efiff x'g]5 .

-#_ pkwf/f -@_ df h'g;'s} s'/fn]lvPsf] eP tfklg :yfgLo lgsfo tyfsfof{nodf dft[efiff k|of]u ug{ s'g} afwf k'¥ofPsf]dflgg] 5}g . To;/L k|of]u ul/Psf] efiffnfO{ /fHon];/sf/L sfdsfhsf] efiffdf ¿kfGt/0f u/Lclen]v /fVg]5 .

!!= pk/f]Qm Joj:yfaf6 g]kfndfaf]lng] ;a} dft[efiff /fi6« efiff x'g], b]jfgfu/Llnlkdf g]kfnL efiffnfO{ ;/sf/L sfdsfhsf]efiff x'g] / :yfgLo lgsfo tyf sfof{nodfdft[efiff k|of]u ug{ ;lsg], To;/L k|of]u ul/Psf]dft[efiffnfO{ ;/sf/L sfdsfhsf] efiff cyf{tb]jgfu/L lnlkdf g]kfnL efiffdf ?kfGt/0f ul//fVg'kg{] Joj:yf u/]sf] kfOof]] .

!@= g]kfnsf] cGtl/d ;+ljwfg,@)^# sf] wf/f %-@_ n] b]jgfu/L lnlkdf g]kfnLefiff ;/sf/L sfdsfhsf] efiff tf]s]sf]df ;f]xLwf/fsf] pkwf/f -#_ n] :yfgLo lgsfo tyfsfof{nodf dft[efiff k|of]u ug{ ;lsg] u/L 5"6

574574574574574

lbPsf] t/ To;/L k|of]u ePsf] dft[efiffnfO{sfdsfhsf] efiffdf ?kfGt/0f u/L /fVgkg{] eGg]Joj:yfn] dft[efiffsf] k|of]u :yfgLo lgsfo tyfsfof{no;Dd ;Lldt u/]sf] :ki6 5 . ;+ljwfg;ef;b:o lgjf{rg cWofb]z, @)^% sf] bkmf %(sdf ;+ljwfg;ef ;b:on] cg';"rL–^ adf]lhdsf]9fFrfdf kb tyf uf]kgLotfsf] zky ug{] ug'{kg]{{]Joj:yf u/L zkysf] 9fFrf klg lbPsf]dfcWofb]zsf] bkmf %(s sf] pkbkmf -@_ n] s'g};b:on] cfkm\gf] dft[efiffdf zky lng rfx]dfTo:tf] ;b:on] zkysf] Joxf]/f cfkm\gf] dft[efiffdfcg'jfb u/L ;f] cg'jfbsf] k|lt ;+ljwfg;ef jfo;sf] s'g} ;ldltsf] klxnf] a}+7sdf efu lng'tLg lbgcufj } Joj:yf lksf–; +;bsf ]dxf;lrjnfO{ pknAw u/fpg' kg{]5 eGg] Joj:yf;+ljwfg;ef ;b:osf ;DaGwdf u/]af6 cfkm\gf]dft[efiffdf s'g} ;+ljwfg;ef ;b:on] zky lngrfx]df zkysf] Joxf]/f cfkm\gf] dft[efiffdf cg'jfbu/L Joj:yflksf–;+;bsf] dxf;lrjnfO{ a'emfpg]Joj:yfn] sfg"gn] tf]s]sf] zkysf] cg'jfbk"0f{?kaf6 7Ls Pj+ b'?:t eP gePsf] x]l/g];d]t P]gsf] p2]Zo /x]sf] / To;/L cfkm"n] lnPsf]zkysf] k|ltdf x:tfIf/ ug'{kg]{ { ] Joj:yfaf6;+ljwfg;ef ;b:on] dft[efiffdf zky ubf{ s]xLk|lqmof tf]s]sf], tf]s]sf] k|lqmof cjnDag u/Ldft[efiffdf zky lng ;Sg] 5"6 lbPsf] b]lvG5 .zky lng] sfo{ ;/sf/L sfd xf]Og eGg ldNg]cj:yf b]lvg cfpFb}g . sfg"gn] ;'ljwf jf 5"6lbPsf] cj:yfdf afx]s c? cj:yfdf ;/sf/Lsfdsfh b]jgfu/L lnlkdf g]kfnL efiffdf ;DkGgx'g'kg{] g]kfnsf] cGtl/d ;+ljwfgsf] efjgf /Joj:yf :ki6¿kdf /x]sf] 5 .

!#= ;fj{hlgs kb wf/0f ug{] JolQm;a}sf] zkyu|x0f ;df/f]x Hofb} dxTjk"0f{ x'G5 .To;df klg /fi6«klt, pk/fi6«klt, k|wfgdGqL,k|wfgGofofwLzsf] zky 7"nf] dxTjsf ;fy

x]l/G5 . zkysf] 9fFrf / To;leq k/]sf zAbzky lnFbf st} 5'6\g hfG5 jf s'g} zAb tndfly kb{5 ls egL Hofb} xf]l;of/Lsf ;fy zkylng] sfo{ ;DkGg ul/G5 .

!$= @), hgj/L, @))( df ;+o'Qm/fHo cd]l/sfsf $$ cf}+ /fi6«klt jf/fs cf]afdfn]cfkm\gf] kbsf] zky lnP . ;+o'Qm /fHo cd]l/sfsf];+ljwfgsf] wf/f # n] /fi6«kltn] lng] zkylgDgadf]lhd tf]s]sf] 5M

"I do so solennly swear (or affirm)

that I will faithfully execute the office of

President of the United States, and will to

the best of my ability, preserve protect and

defend the Constitution of United States"

t/ /fi6«kltn] zky lnFbf zkysf]9fFrfdf /x]sf] Faithfully nfO{ zkydf /flvPsf]qmd cg';f/ gk9L Faithfully cflv/df cyf{tUnited States kl5 /fv]/ zky lnP . Faithfully

cflv/df /x]/ zkysf] efjgf s]xL cGt/ kb{}glyof] . tyflk zkysf] 9fFrf ;+ljwfgdf lbPsf]df9fFrfcg';f/ gePsf] sf/0f ;Defljt vt/f /ljjfbaf6 d'Qm /xg k'gM @@, hgj/L @))( df;+ljwfgdf /x]sf] 9fFrfdf /fi6«klt jf/fs cf]afdfn]bf];|f] k6s zky lnP .

!%= g]kfnsf] cGtl/d ;+ljwfgn]sfg"gL /fHosf] cjwf/0ff cfTd;ft\ u/]sf] 5 .;+ljwfgsf] wf/f ! n] ;+ljwfgnfO{ d"n sfg"gsf]¿kdf /fv]sf] 5 . sfg"gsf] /fHodf sfg"g ;jf{]kl/x'G5 . sfg"geGbf dfly sf]xL x'Fb}g . cGtl/d;+ljwfgsf] wf/f !-@_ df ;+ljwfgsf] kfngf ug'{k|To]s JolQmsf] st{Jo x'g]5 egL tf]s]sf] 5 .;+ljwfgljk/Lt hfg jf ug{ s;}nfO{ 5"6 5}g .

!^= g]kfnsf] cGtl/d ;+ljwfg,@)^# sf] wf/f #êm -@_ n] pk/fi6«kltn] cfkm\gf]


575575575575575


sfo{ef/ ;DxfNg' cufl8 cg';"rL–!s sf] 9fFrfdf/fi6«klt;dIf kb tyf uf]kgLotfsf] zky lng'kg{]5 eGg] Joj:yf ePsf] / ;+ljwfgsf] wf/f %n] b]jgfu/L lnlkdf g]kfnL efiff ;/sf/Lsfdsfhsf] efiff x'g]5 eGb} :yfgLo lgsfo tyfsfof{nodf dft[efiff k|of]u ug{ afwf gk'Ug] t/To:tf] efiff ;/sf/L sfdsfhsf] efiffdf ?kfGtl/tul//fVg] eGg] ePkl5 pk/fi6«kltsf] dft[efifflxGbL ePs} cj:yfdf klg pk/fi6«klt kbsf]zkyu|x0f ;DaGwdf lxGbL efiff k|of]u x'g;Sg]cj:yf b]lvFb}g . g]kfnsf] cGtl/d ;+ljwfg, @)^#sf] wf/f #êm-@_ n] pk/fi6«kltn] cfkm\gf] sfo{ef/;DxfNg'cl3 cg';"rL–!s sf] 9fFrfdf /fi6«klt;dIfkb tyf uf]kgLotfsf] zky lng' kg{]5 eGg] ePkl5/ ;+ljwfg;ef ;b:onfO{ ;+ljwfg;ef ;b:olgjf{rg cWofb]zsf] bkmf %(s n] Joj:yfu/]adf]lhd dft[efiffdf zky lng 5"6 lbP h:t}pk/fi6kltnfO{ ;+ljwfgn] lxGbL efiffdf zkylng 5"6 glbPsf] cj:yfdf pk/fi6«kltn] g]kfnsf]cGtl/d ;+ljwfgsf] wf/f #êm -@_ sf] Joj:yfcg 'z/0f u/L cg '; "rL–!s sf ] 9f Frfdf/fi6«klt;dIf kb tyf uf]kgLotfsf] zky lng'sf]c? ljsNk b]lvg cfpFb}g . o; ljk/Ltsf] sfo{;+ljwfg;Ddt x'g ;Sb}g .

!&= cj -ª_ k|Zgtkm{ ljrf/ ubf{,cGtl/d ;+ljwfg, @)^# sf] wf/f #^5 -@_ n]/fi6«kltsf] cg'kl:yltdf /fi6«kltaf6 ul/g]sfo{x¿ pk/fi6«kltaf6 ;Dkfbg ul/g]5 eGg]Joj:yfaf6 /fi6«kltsf] cg'kl:yltdf dfqpk/fi6«kltn] /fi6«kltsf] sfd ug'{kg]{{] ;+j}wflgsJoj:yf ePsf], ;f] Joj:yfafx]s ;+ljwfg jfsfg"gn] pk/fi6«kltnfO{ cGo sfd st{Jo gtf]s]sf],/fi6 «klt cg'kl:yt e} /fi6 «kltsf ] sfdpk/fi6«kltn] u/]sf] egL lgj]bg 5nkmnsf] qmddfljkIfn] eGg g;s]sf] / g]kfn /fhkqaf6 klgo:tf] cj:yf gb]lvPaf6 pk/fi6«kltn] ;+ljwfgn]

tf]s]sf] /fi6«kltsf] sfd ul/;s]sf] eGg] b]lvgcfPg .

!*= g]kfnsf] cGtl/d ;+ljwfg,@)^# sf] cg';"rL–!s sf] zkysf] 9fFrfsf] Joxf]/fpk/fi6«kltnfO{ jfrg u/fpg /fi6«kltn] cg';"rL–!s adf]lhdsf] Joxf]/f k9]sf] ;f] Joxf]/fnfO{pk/fi6«kltn] lxGbLdf pNyf u/L cflwsfl/s ¿kdfafrg u/L zky lnPsf] / ;xL u/]sf] b]lvG5 .lnlvt hjfkmdf cg';"rL–!s adf]lhdsf] 9fFrfcyf{t b]jgfu/L lnlk g]kfnL efiffsf] zkydfklg ;xL u/]sf] elgPsf] 5 . zky k"/f x'g sfg"gn]tf]s]sf] clwsf/L;dIf jfrg clg ;xL b'j}cfjZos x'G5 . ;+ljwfgn] tf]s]sf] kbflwsf/Lcyf{t /fi6«klt;dIf zkyu|x0f ;df/f]xdfcg';"rL–!s sf] b]jgfu/L lnlksf] g]kfnL efiffsf]Joxf]/f gkl9Psf] cj:yfdf ;xL u/]sf] eGg]egfOaf6 pk/fi6«kltn] @)^%.$.* df lxGbLefiffdf /fi6«klt;dIf lng' ePsf] lxGbL efiffsf]zky dfly pNn]v ul/Psf sf/0f / cfwf/;d]taf6 g]kfnsf] cGtl/d ;+ljwfg, @)^# sf]wf/f #êm -@_ Pj+ cg';"rL–!s k|lts"n x'g'sf];fy} g]kfnsf] cGtl/d ;+ljwfg, @)^# sf] efjgfljk/Lt e} ;+ljwfg cg's"n b]lvg cfpFb}g . o:tf];+ljwfg ljk/Lt sfo{n] ;+j}wflgs dfGotf kfpgg;Sg] x'Fbf @)^%.$.* df pk/fi6«kltåf/f ul/Psf]c;+j}wflgs zky pTk|]if0fsf] cfb]zåf/f ab/x'G5 . ;+ljwfgsf] wf/f #êm -@_ adf]lhd zkylnPkl5 dfq pk/fi6«kltsf] sfo{ef/ ;DxfNg' egLk/dfb]zsf] klg dfu u/]sf]df pk/fi6«kltn]@)^%.$.* df lxGbLdf /fi6«klt;dIf ug'{ ePsf]zky g]kfnsf] cGtl/d ;+ljwfg, @)^# sf] wf/f#êm -@_ Pj+ cg';"rL–!s k|lts"n Pj+ ;+ljwfgsf]efjgf ljk/Lt ePsf sf/0f pTk|]if0fsf] cfb]zåf/fab/ ePsf] cj:yf 5 . lgjf{rg, dgf]gog jflgo'Qm h'g;'s} Joxf]/fåf/f k"lt{ x'g] kbdf lgjf{rg,dgf]gog jf lgo'Qm ePkl5 zkysf] sfo{ ;DkGg

576576576576576

ePkl5 dfq sfo{ef/ ;DxfNg of]Uo dflgG5 / of]ljGb' cfO{ k'u]kl5 klg zky lng] glng] s'/fJolQmsf] OR5fdf e/ kb{5 . lgjf{rg, dgf]gogjf lgo'lQmkl5 ;+ljwfg jf sfg"gn] clgjfo{ u/]sf]zky glnO{ kb Tofu ug{ ;Sb5g\ / zky glnO{kb Tofu ug{ To:tf JolQm :jtGq /xG5g\ . sfg"gn]zky lng}k5{ egL afWo ug{ ;Sb}g . zky ug{]sfo{ sfg"gn] afWo ug{ g;lsg] JolQmsf] OR5fdfe/ kg{] s'/f b]lvFbf o:tf] sfg"gn] afWo ug{g;lsg] s'/fdf zky lng' egL k/dfb]z cfb]zhf/L ug{' pko'Qm b]lvg cfPg . zky ab/ ePsf]cj:yf x'Fbf g]kfnsf] cGtl/d ;+ljwfgn] Joj:yfu/]adf]lhd zkysf] k|lqmofnfO{ cufl8 a9fO{pk/fi6«kltaf6 lnOg] zkynfO{ ;+ljwfg;DdtPj+ ljjfbd'Qm /fVg' cfjZos x'G5 . q'l6 ;'wf{gslxn] l9nf] x'Gg . pk/fi6«kltaf6 ;+ljwfg;Ddttl/sfaf6 zky lng] sfo{ ;DkGg x'g]5 eGg] o;cbfntsf] ljZjf; 5 . of] cfb]zsf] hfgsf/LdxfGofoflwjQmfsf] sfof{nodfkm{t ljkIfLx¿nfO{pknAw u/fO{ ldl;n lgodadf]lhd j'emfO{ lbg" .pQm /fodf ;xdt 5' .Gof=an/fd s]=;L=Olt ;+jt\ @)^^ ;fn ;fpg ( ut] /f]h ^ z'ed\\

lg0f{o g+= *!!* ;fpg, @)^^

;af]{Rr cbfnt, ;+o'Qm Ohnf;;DdfgLo sf=d'= k|wfgGofofwLz >L cg"k/fh zdf{

dfggLo GofofwLz >L k|]d zdf{;+jt\ @)^@ ;fnsf] b]=k'=g+ &(%!++

km};nf ldltM @)^^.#.#.$d'2fM– c+z .

k'g/fj]bs÷ k|ltjfbLM dLgaxfb'/sf] 5f]/f u08sLc~rn sf:sL lhNnf kf ]v/fpkdxfgu/kflnsf j8f g+=# a:g] jif{^! sf] gf/fo0faxfb'/ >]i7

lj?4ljkIfL jfbLM dLgaxfb'/sf] 5f]/f P]= P]= a:g]

jif{ %$ sf] /fdk|;fb >]i7 ;d]t

z'? km};nf ug]{df=Gof=>L lji0f'k|;fb kf}8]n

k'g/fj]bg km};nf ug]{Mdf=Gof=>L tflx/ cnL cG;f/Ldf=Gof= >L k'?iff]Qd k/fh'nL

§ dfgf] 5'l§Psf] jf dfgf] hf]l8Psf]dfgf] 5'l§Psf] jf dfgf] hf]l8Psf]dfgf] 5'l§Psf] jf dfgf] hf]l8Psf]dfgf] 5'l§Psf] jf dfgf] hf]l8Psf]dfgf] 5'l§Psf] jf dfgf] hf]l8Psf]lnvt u/]sf ] cj:yfdf /lhi6« ]zglnvt u/]sf ] cj:yfdf /lhi6« ]zglnvt u/]sf ] cj:yfdf /lhi6« ]zglnvt u/]sf ] cj:yfdf /lhi6« ]zglnvt u/]sf ] cj:yfdf /lhi6« ]zgu/fpg ' kg { ] j f WofTds sfg "g Lu/fpg ' kg { ] j f WofTds sfg "g Lu/fpg ' kg { ] j f WofTds sfg "g Lu/fpg ' kg { ] j f WofTds sfg "g Lu/fpg ' kg { ] j f WofTds sfg "g LJoj:yf /x]sf]df s]jn afa';+u dfgf]Joj:yf /x]sf]df s]jn afa';+u dfgf]Joj:yf /x]sf]df s]jn afa';+u dfgf]Joj:yf /x]sf]df s]jn afa';+u dfgf]Joj:yf /x]sf]df s]jn afa';+u dfgf]5 ' l§Psf ] / xh'/cfdf / afa'aLr5'l§Psf ] / xh'/cfdf / afa'aLr5'l§Psf ] / xh'/cfdf / afa'aLr5'l§Psf ] / xh'/cfdf / afa'aLr5'l§Psf ] / xh'/cfdf / afa'aLrk/]sf] d'2fdf klxn] jf/]; a;L kl5k/]sf] d'2fdf klxn] jf/]; a;L kl5k/]sf] d'2fdf klxn] jf/]; a;L kl5k/]sf] d'2fdf klxn] jf/]; a;L kl5k/]sf] d'2fdf klxn] jf/]; a;L kl5xh'/cfdfsf ] d[To'kl5 d'2f ;sf/xh'/cfdfsf ] d[To'kl5 d'2f ;sf/xh'/cfdfsf ] d[To'kl5 d'2f ;sf/xh'/cfdfsf ] d[To'kl5 d'2f ;sf/xh'/cfdfsf ] d[To'kl5 d'2f ;sf/u/]sf] sf/0fdfq bfh' efOsf aLrdfu/]sf] sf/0fdfq bfh' efOsf aLrdfu/]sf] sf/0fdfq bfh' efOsf aLrdfu/]sf] sf/0fdfq bfh' efOsf aLrdfu/]sf] sf/0fdfq bfh' efOsf aLrdfdfgf] 5'l§Psf] kof{Kt cfwf/ aGgdfgf] 5'l§Psf] kof{Kt cfwf/ aGgdfgf] 5'l§Psf] kof{Kt cfwf/ aGgdfgf] 5'l§Psf] kof{Kt cfwf/ aGgdfgf] 5'l§Psf] kof{Kt cfwf/ aGgg;Sg] .g;Sg] .g;Sg] .g;Sg] .g;Sg] .

-k|s/0f g+=$_§ /Ltk "j {ssf ] a08fkq gePsf ]/ Ltk "j {ssf ] a08fkq gePsf ]/ Ltk "j {ssf ] a08fkq gePsf ]/ Ltk "j {ssf ] a08fkq gePsf ]/ Ltk "j {ssf ] a08fkq gePsf ]

ca:yfdf gfjfnsn ] ul/ lbPsf ]ca:yfdf gfjfnsn ] ul/ lbPsf ]ca:yfdf gfjfnsn ] ul/ lbPsf ]ca:yfdf gfjfnsn ] ul/ lbPsf ]ca:yfdf gfjfnsn ] ul/ lbPsf ]lnvtdf 5'l§leGg e};s]sf] Joxf]/flnvtdf 5'l§leGg e};s]sf] Joxf]/flnvtdf 5'l§leGg e};s]sf] Joxf]/flnvtdf 5'l§leGg e};s]sf] Joxf]/flnvtdf 5'l§leGg e};s]sf] Joxf]/fpNn]v ePsf] eGg] cfwf/df dfqpNn]v ePsf] eGg] cfwf/df dfqpNn]v ePsf] eGg] cfwf/df dfqpNn]v ePsf] eGg] cfwf/df dfqpNn]v ePsf] eGg] cfwf/df dfqjfbLx¿n] kfpg] c+z h:tf] g};lu{sjfbLx¿n] kfpg] c+z h:tf] g};lu{sjfbLx¿n] kfpg] c+z h:tf] g};lu{sjfbLx¿n] kfpg] c+z h:tf] g};lu{sjfbLx¿n] kfpg] c+z h:tf] g};lu{sxsaf6 al~rt ug{ Gofosf dfGoxsaf6 al~rt ug{ Gofosf dfGoxsaf6 al~rt ug{ Gofosf dfGoxsaf6 al~rt ug{ Gofosf dfGoxsaf6 al~rt ug{ Gofosf dfGol;4fGt ;d]tn] gldNg] .l;4fGt ;d]tn] gldNg] .l;4fGt ;d]tn] gldNg] .l;4fGt ;d]tn] gldNg] .l;4fGt ;d]tn] gldNg] .

-k|s/0f g+=%_

k'g/fj]bs tkm{af6M ljåfg jl/i7 clwjQmf >La;Gt/fd e08f/L

ljkIfL tkm{af6M ljåfg jl/i7 clwjQmf >L xl/x/bfxfn / ljåfg clwjQmfåo >L /d0f>]i7 / /f]lxt/fh af:tf]nf

*!!* *!!* *!!* *!!* *!!* - gf/fo0faxfb'/ >]i7 lj=/fdk|;fb >]i7 ;d]t gf/fo0faxfb'/ >]i7 lj=/fdk|;fb >]i7 ;d]t gf/fo0faxfb'/ >]i7 lj=/fdk|;fb >]i7 ;d]t gf/fo0faxfb'/ >]i7 lj=/fdk|;fb >]i7 ;d]t gf/fo0faxfb'/ >]i7 lj=/fdk|;fb >]i7 ;d]t

577577577577577


cjnlDjt ghL/M g]sfk@)$(,c+Í !, lg=g+=$$^!, k[i7 (*

;Da4 sfg"gM§ c+zj08fsf] !* / #) g+=§ c=a+= @)@§ k|df0f P]g, @)#! sf] bkmf ^-s_

km};nfsf=d'=k |=Gof=cg"k/fh zdf { Msf=d'=k |=Gof=cg"k/fh zdf { Msf=d'=k |=Gof=cg"k/fh zdf { Msf=d'=k |=Gof=cg"k/fh zdf { Msf=d'=k |=Gof=cg"k/fh zdf { M Gofo

k|zf;g P]g, @)$* sf] bkmf (-!_u adf]lhdk'g/fj]bg k/L btf{ x'g cfPsf] k|:t't d'2fsf];+lIfKt tYo Pj+ 7x/ o; k|sf/ 5 –

ljkIfL dLgaxfb'/ lktf x'g'x'G5 . cfdfcl3 g} k/nf]s e} ;Sg' eof] . lktf dLgaxfb'/sf rf/ 5f]/fdf ljkIf gf/fo0faxfb'/ h]7f, dlkm/fbL zDe'nfn sfG5f xf}F . cl3 xfd|f aHo}nf]ss'df/L / lktf dLgaxfb'/sf aLr d'2f dfldnfkg{ uPsf] sf/0fn] aHo}sf] b]xj;fgkl5 ljkIfLgf/fo0faxfb'/n] d'2f ;sf/ ug'{ ePsf] lyof] .d'2f ;sf/ u/L To;tkm{sf] ;DklQ Psnf}6L vfpFnfegL lktf dLgaxfb'/sf] / dftfsf] ;d]t ljkIfLgf/fo0faxfb'/n] s'g} x]/ljrf/ ug'{ ePg .kmn:j¿k ljkIfL lktfn] ljleGg hUuf laqmL u/Lvr{ h'6fpg] sfd ug'{ ePtfklg /f]un] u|:t ePsLxfd|L cfdf k/nf]s x'g' eof] . zfob @)@@ ;fnlt/ xf] h:tf] nfU5, To;kl5 xfdL tTsfn gfafnsePsf] cj:yf xfdLdfly ljleGg ljkt / b'vcfOk/] otf lktf dLgaxfb'/sf] s'g} cfo>f]tgx''g'sf ;fy} j[4 x'Fb} hfg' ePsf] lyof] eg]csf]{tkm{ xfdLx¿ cfocfh{gljxLg e} n]vk9 /hLjg wfGg ;d]t c;dy{ lyof}F . tTsfn hflu/]x'g' ePsf ljkIfL gf/fo0faxfb'/n] xfd|f] s'g}x]/ljrf/ k'¥ofpg' ePg . cflv/ s]xL gnfuL@)@& ;fn h]7 !( ut]sf lbg tLg lsQf hUufxfn ljb]z uPsf ;flxnf efO{ s[i0faxfb'/sf]gfpFaf6 ljkIfL lktf ;+/Ifs e} laqmL u/fpg'

eP5 / laqm L ePsf ] hUufdf ljkIfgf/fo0faxfb'/n] cGoyf ug{ gkfcf];\ egL ljkIfLlktfn] To; k|sf/;Fu cfkm"nfO{ 5'l6Psf] afa' eGg]b]vfpg' ePtfklg j:t'tM 5'l§leGg ePsf] lyPg5}g, xfdL ;a} ;uf]ndf g} 5f}+ . To;kl5 ljkIfLgf/fo0faxfb'/n] xfdL;d]tsf] c+z xs nfUg] d"nls=g+= #!@ sf] /f] !@–&–!–!÷

$ sf] hUuf b'O{

lsQf u/L v]dgfy clwsf/L / ejfgLk|;fbaf:tf]nfnfO{ @)$*.*.@& df /fhLgfdf kfl/tul/lbg' ePsf]df xfdL ;d]tsf] lnvt ab/ /hfn;fhL d'2f k/L xfn k'g/fj]bg cbfntkf]v/fdf sfjf{xL rln/x]5 . pQm d'2fx¿df ljkIfgf/fo0faxfb'/n] k|ltjfb ubf{ cfkm" @)!* ;fnlt/dfgf] 5'l§Psf] eGg] / xfdLnfO{ @)@#.@)@$;fnlt/ lktf;Fu 5'l§Psf] eGg] hgfO{ ljkIf lktf/ ljkIf bfh'sf gfpFsf] hUufx¿ Psnf}6L vfg]ckljq p2]Zo lng' ePsf] b]lvG5 . ljkIfL @)!*;fndf / xfdL @)@#÷@)@$ ;fnlt/ xfdLgfafns x'Fb}sf cj:yf 5'l6Psf] eGg] em"7f xf],xfdL 5'l6Psf 5}gf}+ . xfdLnfO{ afNofj:yfb]lv g}k]6 kfNg s]xL sfd ug]{ afWotf k¥of] / xfdLn]cf– cfkm\gf] x}l;ot / Ifdtfcg';f/ C0fwg u/L;fOsn / df]6/;fO{sn dd{t ug]{ ld:qL sfdul/cfPsf 5f}+ . o;/L xfdL slt;Dd a:g] c+zj08fug' { k¥of ] egL xfdLn] @)$*.(.!% ut]ljkIfx¿;+u eGbf ljkIf lktfn] daf6 ltdLx¿sf]x]/ljrf/ x'g] g;Sg] e} xfNof] d Ho"Fbf] 5p~h]nc+z lbg ;lSbg, o:tf s'/f ug{ cfpg] ltdLx¿3/df ga; vfgnfpg lbg ;lSbg egL xfFshjfkm lbg' ePsf] / ljkIfL gf/fo0faxfb'/n] klgd]/f] gfpFsf] hUuf d]/f] Psnf}6L xf] , ltdLx¿n]kfpGgf}+ eGg' ePaf6 afWo e} cbfntsf] z/0fdfcfPsf5f}F . ctM xfdLx¿ kfFr c+lzof/ x'Fbf kfFrefusf] b'O{ efu c+zj08f ul/kfpmF eGg] ;d]tJoxf]/fsf] /fdk|;fb >]i7 / zDe'nfn >]i7sf]@)$*.!).!# sf] ;+o'Qm lkm/fb bfjL .

578578578578578

jfbL efOx¿n ] cfˆgf ] OHhtcfdbcg';f/ vfg nfpg gkfpsf] / c+z klggkfpsf] eP lktfhL;Fu dfq c+zdf bfjf ug'{k5{ .d]/f]pk/ c+zdf bfjf ug'{ cf}lrTok"0f{ 5}g . xfd|f]xh'/afaf aofgaxfb'/ !((( ;fndf k/nf]sx'g' ePsf] aHo} nf]ss'df/L;Fu lktfhL dLgaxfb'/@))! ;fndf dfgf] 5'l6Psf] / @)!) ;fndfj08fkq v8f u/L crn ;DklQsf] ljlwjtc+zj08f ePsf] s'/f ljjfb 5}g . lktfhL / d]/f]aLr ;f}+xfb{k"0f{ ;DaGw sfod x'g g;s]sf] /xh'/cfdf nf]ss'df/L j[4 cj:yfdf PSnf] hLjgljtfO/xg' ePsf]n] @)!* ;fndf d lktfhL;Fudfgf] 5"6L leGg e} d xh'/cfdf;+u a;L:ofxf/;';f/ vlt pklt PSn} u/L hLjg ofkgub}{cfPsf] 5' . d}n] lktfhLaf6 c+z efu kfPsf]5}g . lktfhL dLgaxfb'/sf] cJojxfl/s sf/0fn]cfˆg} 5f]/fx¿ lj?4 xh'/cfdf nf]ss'df/Ln]lbg'ePsf] d'2fdf d gf/fo0faxfb'/sf] jf/]; e}lnvt ab/ / hfn;fhL d'2f bfo/ u/L n8eL8ub} { cfPsf]df xh'/cfdfsf] @)@# ;fndf:juf{/f]x0f ePkl5 d Psf3/ ;uf]ndf a;]sf]gfltn] d'2f ;sf/ u/L >L ;jf]{Rr cbfntaf6;d]t km};nf e} xfn k'g/fj]bg cbfnt kf]v/fdfd'NtaLdf 5g\ . @)!* ;fndf dfgf] 5'§L leGg e}xh'/cfdf;+u Psf;uf]ndf a;]sf] / xh'/cfdfsf]:ju]{kZrft\ klg d'2fdf n8eL8 ub}{ cfPsfdfoL jfbLx¿n] lktfhL / xfdL 5f]/fx¿ Psf;uf]ndf5fF} eGg] jfbL bfjf em"7f xf], efOx¿n] @)@&;fn h]7 !( ut] nfnaxfb'/ u'?ªnfO{ k]jfsf] b'O{lsQf hUuf / lktfhLaf6 ljkIfL efOx¿n] c+zkfPsf] csf]{ Ps lsQf hUuf;d]t c+zsf] egL/fhLgfdf kfl/t u/L lb+bf lktfhL dLgaxfb'/;+u5'6L leGg ePsf] s'/f :jLsf/ u/L ;gfvtb:tvt;d]t u/]sf 5g\ . o;/L cf–cfkm\gf] 5'§f5'§}ePsf] / lktfhLn] klg a]r lavg ug'{ ePsf]efOx¿n] klg cfkm\gf] c+zefusf] hUuf laqmL

u/L t];|f]kl§ kf]v/fdf ;fOsn bf]sfg gof ahf/kf]v/fdf df]6/;fO{sn bf]sfg tyf 6]S;L cflb;d]t vl/b u/L Joj;fo ;~rfng ub}{ cfPsf]s'/faf6 klg d gf/fo0faxfb'/ >]i7 Psf3/;uf]ndf gePsf] / ljkIf efOx¿ 5'§L a]unePsf] eGg] s'/f k'li6 x'g cfpF5 . o;/L dnfO{7Ugsf] lgldQ lktfhL lbg] / tLg efO{ lng] u/Lxfn}sf] as;kq kf; u/]sfdf d]/f] ;Ddflgtcbfntdf d'2f kl//x]sf] 5 . o:tf] cj:yffdfxfdL rf/ efO{ / lktf Psf;uf]ndf 5f}+ eGg' em"7fxf] . d}n] pkef]u u/]sf] hUuf aHo}sf] c+z efu/ cfdfsf] k]jfwgn] /fhLgfdf lnPsf] hUufdWo]b'O{ lsQf v]t ljkIfsf efOx¿n] / Ps lsQfkfvf] d}n] pkef]u u/]sf] 5' . o;/L lktfhL;d]t;Fuaf6 d @)!* ;fndf dfgf] 5'§L leGg e}a]un a;]sf] s'/fnfO{ u'd/fxdf /fvL cfdfsf]d}n] kfPsf] k]jfsf] hUuf tyf dfgf] 5'l6Pkl5d]/f] lghL cfh{gaf6 lsg]sf] d]/f gfpFsf] hUufvfg] b"lift p2]Zon] em"7f lkm/fb lbPsf] dfq xf],t;y{ lkm/fb vf/]h u/L em"7f jfbL bfjLaf6 cnukm';{b lbnfO{ kfpmF eGg] ;d]t Joxf]/fsf]@)$(.$.@@ sf] gf/fo0faxfb'/ >]i7sf] k|ltpQ/lhsL/ .

o;df k|ltjfbLdWo]sf dLgaxfb'/ >]i7n]o; cbfntaf6 hf/L ePsf] ldlt @)$*.!@.!)df sfg"gadf]lhd tfd]n ePsf] Dofbdf k|ltpQ/glkm/fO{ z'? Dofb} u'hf/L a;]sf /x]5g\ .

o;df cbfntsf ljleGg ldltsfcfb]zfg';f/ jfbL k|ltjfbLaf6 k]z ePsf tfobftLkmf+6jf/L tyf ;f] kmf+6jf/Ldf plNnlvt hUufx¿sf]df=kf]=sf= af6 k|fKt /fhLgfdf tyf btf{;|]:tf;d]tsf] k|dfl0ft k|ltlnlk ldl;n ;fd]n/x]sf] / o;} nufpsf log} jfbL / log} k|ltjfbLx¿;d]t ePsf] b]=bf=g+= ̂ $( / ̂ %) sf lnvt ab/ul/kfpmF eGg] d'2fsf] ldl;n yfg b'O{ log} k|ltjfbLgf/fo0faxfb'/ >]i7 jfbL log} jfbL /fdk|;fb


579579579579579


>]i7;d]t k|ltjfbL ePsf] as;kq ab/ d'2fsf]b]=bf=g+= %^$ sf] ldl;n ;d]t bfo/L ldl;nx¿/ jfbL s[i0faxfb '/ > ]i7;d]t k | ltjfbLgf/fo0faxfb'/ >]i7 ;d]t ePsf] lnvt ab/d'2fsf k|df0f ldl;n ;d]t ;fy} /x]5g\ .

tfobftL kmfF6jf/Lx¿df plNnlvt u}x|>L ;DklQdWo] dfgf] 5'6\ofPsf] ldlteGbf cufl8sf]jfbL k|ltjfbLx¿sf] gfddf /x]sf] btf{ le8];Ddsf];DklQdf jfbL k|ltjfbLx¿ kfFr c+lzof/f b]lvFbfkfFr efu u/L tLg efu k|ltjfbLx¿sf] efu k/;f/L b'O{ efu c+z jfbLx¿n] 5'6\ofO{ lng kfpg]7x5{ eGg] z'? sf:sL lhNnf cbfntsf] ldlt@)%*.@.!) sf] km};nf .

pQm OG;fkmdf lrQ a'em]g . k]z ePsfk|df0fx¿sf] tyf d]/f] k|ltpQ/ lhsL/sf] s'g}d'NofÍg g} gu/L dgf]ut ¿kdf unt cy{ lgsfnLljkIfLx¿sf] em'7f lkm/fb bfjLdf dfq lge{/ u/LjfbLx¿n] kfFr efusf] b'O{ efu c+z kfpg] 7x¥ofO{u/]sf] z'? sf:sL lhNnf cbfntsf] km};nf q'l6k"0f{x ' Fbf ;f] km};nf pN6L u/L d]/f ] k|ltpQ/lhsL/adf]lhd u/L Gofo kfpmF eGg] ;d]tJoxf]/fsf] k|ltjfbL gf/fo0faxfb'/ >]i7n] o;cbfntdf k|:t't u/]sf] k'g/fj]bg lhsL/ .

pQm OG;fkmdf lrQ a'em]g . xfdLn] aS;kfPsf] lghL ;DklQ kmf+6jf/Ldf b]vfPsf] eGb}df;f] ;DklQ ;d]tdf kfFr j08f nfUg] egL z'?sf:sL lhNnf cbfntaf6 ePsf] km};nf ldn]sf]gx'Fbf ;f] km};nf pN6L u/L xfdLn] as; kfPsf];DklQ xfd|f] lghL 7x/ u/L j08f gnfUg] u/LGofo kfpmF eGg] ;d]t Joxf]/fsf] jfbL /fdk|;fb>]i7;d]tsf] tkm{af6 o; cbfntdf kg{ cfPsf]k'g/fj]bg lhsL/ .

jfbL / k|ltjfbLx¿ Psf3/sf afa' 5f]/fPj+ bfh'efO{ gftfsf JolQmx¿ ePsf]n] gftf tkm{ljjfb 5}g . oL jfbL k|ltjfbLx¿ kfFr c+lzof/fePsf / lghx¿ aLrdf sfg"gadf]lhd j08fkq

u/L 5'l§leGg gePsf] tYodf ;d]t d'v ldn]s}b]lvg cfpF5 . oL jfbL k|ltjfbLx¿ aLrc+zj08fsf] lnvt kfl/t ePsf] 5}g . o:tf]cj:yfdf jfbLx¿n] cfkm\gf] c+zefu 5'6\ofO{ lngkfpg] g} x'Fbf lkm/fb k/]sf] ldlt @)$*.!).!# sf]lbgnfO{ dfgf] 5'l§Psf] ldlt sfod u/L ;f]eGbfcl3Nnf] lbg cyf{t ldlt @)$*.!).!@ ut];Ddsf]j08f ug'{kg]{ rn, crn ;Dk"0f{ ;DklQsf] tfobftLkmf+6jf/L df+u ul/Psf]df jfbL / k|ltjfbLx¿n]k]z u/]sf tfobftL kmf+6jf/Ldf j08f gnfUg]egL b]vfPsf] ;DklQ dfgf] 5'l§Psf] ldlteGbfcufl8 g} vl/b u/L lnPsf] b]lvFbf To:tf] Psf3/;uf]ndf /x]sf] cj:yfdf h'g;'s} Joxf]/faf6h'g;'s} c+lzof/sf] gfddf vl/b u/L lnPsf] jfh'g;'s} c+lzof/fsf gfpFdf /x]sf] ePtfklg k|df0fP]g ,@)#! sf] bkmf ̂ -s_ cg';f/ To:tf] ;DklQdfPsf3/ ;uf]ndf /x]sf] ;a} c+lzof/fx¿sf] ;dfgc+z xs nfUg] x'Fbf ;f] ;DklQ ;d]tnfO{ kfFrefu nufO{ kfFr efusf] b'O{ efuaf6 Ps–Psefu jfbLx¿n] c+z 5'6\ofO{ lng kfpg] 7x¥ofPsf]z'?sf] km};nf ;f] xb;Dd ldn]sf] b]lvof] . jfbLk|ltjfbLx¿ aLr dfgf] 5'l§Psf] ldlt @)$*.!).!#eGbf cufj} ldlt @)$&.!.@! df jfbLx¿ dWo]sf/fdk|;fb >]i7 / afa'/fd kf}8]nn] ;+o'Qm ¿kdfIf]qaxfb'/ clwsf/Laf6 /fhLgfdf u/L lnPsf]ls=g+= !)() sf] hUuf /f]kgL $–!–)–@ dWo]cfwL h=/f]= @–*–)–! df jfbL /fdk|;fbsf] xsePsf] cfwf/df pQm hUufdf oL jfbL k|ltjfbLx¿kfFr} c+lzof/x¿sf] c+z xs /x]sf]n] pQm ls=g+=!)() dWo] cfwL hUuf /f]kgL @–*–)–! af6klg jfbL k|ltjfbLx¿n] a/fa/ c+z kfpg' kg]{dfz'?sf] km};nfsf] tkl;n v08df pQm lsQf pNn]vgu/]sf] xb;Dd sf:sL lhNnf cbfntn] ldlt@)%*.@.!) df u/]sf] km};nf s]xL pN6L eO{pQm h=/f]= @–*–)–! af6 k|ltjfbLx¿n] kfFrefusf] Ps–Ps efu c+z efu;Dd kfpg] 7x5{ .

580580580580580

To;afx]s jfbL / k|ltjfbLx¿sf] c? k'g/fj]bglhsL/ k'Ug ;Sb}g eGg] @)%(÷!÷@ sf] k'g/fj]bgcbfntsf] km};nf . efOx¿n] @)@& ;fn h]i7 !( ut]nfnaxfb'/ u'?ªnfO{ k]jfsf] b'O{ lsQf hUuf /lktfhLaf6 ljkIfL efOx¿n] c+z kfPsf] csf]{ !lsQf hUuf;d]t c+zsf] egL /fhLgfdf kfl/tu/L lb+bf lktfhL dLgaxfb'/;+u 5'l§leGg ePsf]s'/f / :jLsf/ u/L ;gfvt b:tvt;d]t u/]sf5g\ . o;/L cf–cfkm\gf] 5'§f5'§} ePsf] / lktfhLn]klg a]rg lavg ug'{ ePsf] efOx¿n] klg cfˆgf]c+z efusf] hUuf laqmL u/L t];|fkl§ kf]v/fdf;fO{sn bf]sfg gofF ahf/ kf]v/fdf df]6/;fOsnbf]sfg tyf 6]S;L cflb ;d]t vl/b u/L Joj;fo;~rfng ub}{ cfPsf] / d]/f] lghL cfh{gaf6vl/b u/]sf] ;DklQdfq d;Fu ePaf6 klg dgf/fo0faxfb'/ >]i7 Psf3/ ;uf]ndf gePsf] /ljkIf efOx¿ 5'l§O{ a]un ePsf] eGg] s'/f k'li6x'g cfpF5 . k]z ePsf k|df0fx¿sf] tyf d]/f]k|ltpQ/ lhsL/sf] s'g} d"NofÍg g} gu/L dgf]ut¿kdf unt cy{ lgsfnL ljkIfLx¿sf] em"7f lkm/fbbfjLdf dfq lge{/ u/L jfbLx¿n]] z'? sf:sLlhNnf cbfntaf6 jfbLx¿n] kfFr efusf] b'O{efu c+z kfpg] 7x¥ofO{ u/]sf] q'l6k"0f{ km};nf;b/ u/]sf] k'g/fa]bg cbfntsf] km};nf pN6Lu/L d]/f] k'g/fj]bg lhsL/adf]lhd u/L GofokfpmF eGg] ;d]t Joxf]/fsf] k|ltjfbL gf/fo0faxfb'/>]i7n] o; cbfntdf k|:t't u/]sf] k'g/fj]bg .

aHo} nf]ss'df/L / lktf dLgaxfb'/aLrrn]sf] c+z d'2fdf oL gf/fo0faxfb'/ >]i7 jfl/];a;L d'2f ;sf/ u/L ;DklQ k|fKt u/]sf] /dLgaxfb'/sf ] ;flxnf ] 5f ]/f s[i0faxfb'/n]nfnaxfb'/nfO{ @)@&÷@÷!(df kfl/t ul/lbPsf]/fhLgfdf lnvtdf afa';Fu 5'l6Psf] Aoxf]/f pNn]vu/L oL afbLx¿;d]t ;fIfL a;]sf] / afbLk|ltafbLx¿sf] btf{ lt/f] cnu–cnu eO{ ef]u

laqmL Aoaxf/af6 ;d]t cnu–cnu a;]sf]b]lvPsf] ca:yfdf lkm/fb k/]sf] lbgnfO{ dfgf]cnu ePsf] egL 7x/ u/]sf] km};nfdf c+za08fsf]!* tyf #) g+ sf] q'l6 b]lvPsf]n] 5nkmnsfnflu c+ a= @)@ g=adf]lhd afbL k|ltafbL lemsfO{nufpsf d'2fx¿ ;d]t ;fy} /fvL k]z ug'{ eGg]o; cbfntsf] cfb]z .

lgodadf]lhd b}lgs k]zL ;"rLdf r9Lk]z x'g cfPsf] k|:t't d'2fdf k'g/fj]bs k|ltjfbLgf/fo0faxfb'/ >]i7sf] tkm{af6 pkl:yt jl/i7ljåfg clwjQmf >L a;Gt/fd e08f/Ln] k|:t'td'2fdf ljjfb dfgf] 5'l§Psf] ldltdf xf] . c+zkfpg] jf lng' lbg'kg]{ s'/fdf b'j} kIfsf] ljjfbxf]Og . k'g/fj]bs gf/fo0faxfb'/ @)!* ;fndfg} afa';Fu cnu a;]sL xh'/cfdf nf]ss'df/L;+ua;L lghnfO{ kfntfn u/L afa' dLgaxfb'/xh'/cfdf nf]ss'df/L aLr d'2f k/]sf] cj:yfdfjf/]; tyf lghsf] k/nf]skl5 xh'/cfdfsf] d'2f;sf/ ;d]t u/]sf] l:ylt 5 . oL kIf ljkIfaLrdf c+zj08fsf] #) g+= cg';f/ cnu–cnutl/sfn] Jojxf/ e} Jojxf/ k|df0fsf] cfwf/dfcGo ljkIfLx¿n] afa' dLgaxfb'/;Fu c+z lnPsf]ePtfklg d]/f] kIf gf/fo0faxfb'/n] afa';Fu c+zlnPsf 5}gg\ . @)@&.@.!( sf] kfl/t /fhLgfdfsf]Joxf]/fn] oL jfbLx¿ cnu e} cfkm\gf] c+z lnO{a;]sf] k|dfl0ft ePsf] b]lvG5 . afa' dLgaxfb'/n]5'l§leGg ePsf] 5f]/f egL pNn]v ug'{ / /fdk|;fb>]i7n] Psf3/sf] afa' egL s[i0faxfb'/n] a]rlavgu/]sf] hUufdf ;fIfL a;L :jLs[lt hgfpg'n] ;d]t5'l§leGg e} a;]sf] k|dfl0ft x'g cfpF5 . To:t}@)$@.*.@% df lktf dLgaxfb'/n] gf/fo0faxfb'/>]i7afx]ssf tLg j6f 5f]/fx¿, /fdk|;fb,s[i0faxfb'/ / ZofdnfnnfO{ ls=g+= $!$ sf] %–#–#–!÷

@ hUuf xfn}sf] as; ul/lbPsf] ;d]taf6

lghx¿sf] aLrdf c+zj08f e} ;s]sf] s'/fdfljjfb b]lvFb}g . Jojxf/ k|df0fsf] cfwf/df cnu


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a;]sf]nfO{ c+zj08f ePsf] egL cbfntaf6:jLsf/ u/L ljleGg l;4fGt ;d]t k|ltkfbg ePsf5g\ . -g]sfk @)%) c+s ! lg=g+= $^&( k[=%_Ps k6s c+z e} ;s]sf] egL :jLsf/ u/]sf]cj:yfdf k'gM c+z dfu ug'{ k|df0f P]g, @)#! sf]bkmf #$ sf] ;d]t ljk/Lt b]lvG5 . gf/fo0faxfb'/Psf3/df g/x]sf] s'/f jfbL kIfn] k6s–k6s:jLsf/ ;d]t u/L /x]sf] l:yltdf k|df0f P]g,@)#! sf] bkmf %$ ;dt]sf] q'l6 u/L Jojxf/k|df0faf6 cnu e} ;s]sf jfbLnfO{ c+z lbnfpg]u/L ePsf] z'? km};nf ab/ ul/kfpmF eGg] ax;k|:t't ug'{eof] .

ljkIfL tkm{af6 pkl:yt ljåfg jl/i7clwjQmf tyf clwjQmfx¿ xl/x/ bfxfn, /d0f>]i7 tyf /f]lxt/fh af:tf]nfn] oL kIf ljkIfsfaLr c+zj08f gePsf] s'/fdf ljjfb 5}g . ljjfbs]jn dfgf] cnu ePsf] ldltdf dfq xf] . Jojxf/k|df0faf6 cnu e} ;s]sf] eGg] k'g/fj]bssf]egfO cfkm}df lj/f]wfef;k"0f{ 5 . afa' tyf efO{x¿aLr c+zj08f e} ;s]sf], t/ cfkm" dfgf] a]un e}a;]tfklg cfkm\gf] xsdf j08f gePsf] eGg]k'g/fj]bssf] egfOdf ;Totf b]lvb}g . c+z h:tf]g};lu{s xssf] l5gf]kmfgf] lnvtsf] cefjdf x'g;Sg] xf]Og . oL jfbL k|ltjfbLsf aLr c+zj08fePsf] lnvt b]lvFb}g . @)@&.@.!( sf] lnvtdf5'l§leGg ePsf] afa' tyf efO{ eg]sf] cfwf/dfdfGg 5'l§leGg Pj+ c+zj08f e} ;s]sf] dfGg;lsFb}g . xh'/cfdf ;Fu;Fu} a;]sf], xh'/cfdfn]jf/];gfdf lbPsf] tyf jf/];gfdf lbPsf] cj:yfdfxh'/cfdfsf] d[To' e} d'2f gflt gf/fo0faxfb'/n];sf/]sf] dfq cfwf/df afa' tyf efOx¿ aLrc+zj08f ePsf] Pj+ dfgf] a]un u/L a;]sf] eGgldNb }g . gf/fo0faxfb '/ > ]i7 xh'/cfdfnf]ss'df/Lsf] jf/]; a;]sf] cfwf/df dfq s;}sf]c+z xs d]l6g tyf Tof] cj:yfn] dfgf] 5'l§Psf]:yfg u|x0f ug]{ xf]Og . gf/fo0fk|;fbsf gfpFsf]

hUuf cfkm\gf] lghL 1fg / ;Lkaf6 dfgf] a]un e};s]kl5 vl/b u/]sf] eGg] s'/fsf] s'g} k|df0fb]lvFb}g . kl/jf/sf] h]7f] 5f]/f;d]t ePsf]n]Jojxf/df rnv]n u/]sf] xf] . pgfp lnvtdfc+zj08f e} ;s]sf] eGg] ;Gbe{;Fu hf]8]/ JolQmsf]c+z h:tf] g};lu{s xssf] ;DaGwdf cg'dfg ug{ldNb}g . oL kIf ljkIfx¿sf aLr /Ltk"j{ssf]c +zj08f gePsf ] s '/ f oL k 'g/fj ]bsgf/fo0faxfb'/n] cfkm\gf] c+zj08f gePsf] egLpNn]v u/]sf] tYoaf6 :yflkt x'G5 . o;/Lc+zj08f gePsf] eGg] s'/f k|dfl0ft e} /x]sf] Pj+lg:;f k|bfg u/L p4/0f ul/Psf] c;fGble{s Pj+unt ghL/sf cfwf/df dfq k 'g/fj ]bsdfubfjLadf]lhd ug'{kg]{ xf]Og ctM k'g/fj]bgcbfntaf6 ePsf] km};nf ;b/ sfod /fvL kfpmFeGg] ax; k|:t't ug'{eof] .

b'j} kIfaf6 pkl:yt ljåfg sfg"gJoj;foLx¿sf] ax; ;'gL lg0f{otkm{ ljrf/ ubf{z'? km};nf ldn]sf] 5 5}g . lg0f{o lbg'kg]{ b]lvof] .

@= cfdfsf] klxNo} k/nf]s e};s]sf]/ bfh' gf/fo0faxfb'/ h]7f] af7f] e} afa'dLgaxfb'/;d]tn] c+zj08f u/L lbg'xf];\ eGbfafa' tyf bfh'n] c+zj08fsf nflu ;xdt x'g\ePg . cfdf k/nf]s ePkl5 bfh' tyf afa'n]jf:tf gu/]sf]n] xfdLn] cnu Jojxf/ u/L cfPsf]dfc+zj08f u/f}F eGbf afa' tyf lktf c;xdtePsf]n] xfdL hDdf kfFr c+lzof/ x'Fbf kfFr efusf]b'O{ efu c+z kfpmFF eGg] bfjL ePsf] afa' tyfxh'/cfdf aLr @))! ;fndf dfgf] cnu e}@)!) ;fndf c+zj08f ePsf] xf] . afafdLgaxfb'/ / xh'/ cfdf nf]ss'df/LarL klglnvt ab/ hfn;fh d'2f k/]sf] / xh'//]vb]vug]{ sf]xL gx'Fbf afa' tyf efO{x¿;+u @)!* ;fndfdfgf] a]un e} xh'/cfdfsf] :ofxf/;';f/ ug'{sfcltl/Qm jf/]; e} xh'/cfdfsf] d'2f;d]t n8]sf]/ kl5 @)@# ;fndf xh'/cfdfsf] :juf{/f]x0fkl5

582582582582582

d'2f ;d]t ;sf/ u/]sf] lyP . efO˜x¿ tyfa'jfaLr @)@& ;fndf c+zj08f e} ;s]sf] t/d}n] a'jfaf6 c+z glnPsf] l:ylt xf] . d cnu e};s]kl5 cfh{g u/]sf] ;DklQ ;d]t vfg] lgot/fvL dnfO{ ljkIfL agfO{ c+z d'2f lbPsf] xf] .d}n] efOx¿nfO{ c+z lbg'kg]{ xf]Og eGg] k|ltjfbePsf] k|:t't d'2fdf z'? sf:sL lhNnf cbfntaf6jfbL bfjLadf]lhd kfFr efusf] b'O{ efu j08fkfpg] km};nf ePpk/ b'j} kIfsf] k'g/fj]bg k/Lk'g/fj]bg cbfnt kf]v/faf6 s]xL pN6L x'g] 7x/Lkm };nf ePpk/ oL k 'g/fj ]bs k | ltjfbLgf/fo0faxfb'/ >]i7sf] o; cbfntdf k'g/fj]bgk/]sf] cj:yf b]lvof] .

#= dLgaxfb'/sf rf/ 5f]/f h]7fgf/fo0faxfb'/, dflxnf s[i0faxfb'/, ;flxnf/fdk|;fb, Pj+ sfG5f zDe'nfn >]i7 e} cfdfsf]d[To' e};s]sf] cj:yf x'Fbf /fdk|;fb / zDe'nfnn] afa' tyf bfh';d]tnfO{ ljkIfL agfO{ c+zd'2f bfo/ u/]sf]df afa' dLgaxfb'/n] k|ltjfb g}gu/]sf] / oL gf/fo0faxfb'/ >]i7n] afa'af6 cfkm"n]c+z glnPsf] cj:yf x'Fbf c+z cfkm"n] kfpg' kg{]t/ cfˆgf] gfddf ePsf] hUuf hldg tyfa]rljvg u/]sf] ;DklQ afa' tyf bfh'efO;Fudfgf] cnu e} ;s]kl5 vl/b tyf cfh{g u/]sf]x'Fbf j08f gnfUg] tyf c+zj08fsf] #) g+= adf]lhdJojxf/ k|df0faf6 dfgf] a]un ePsf] :yflkt e};s]sf] cj:yf 5 egL d'Vo lhsL/ lnPsf]ePtfklg afa' tyf efOx¿ aLr /Ltk"j{ssf]c+zj08fsf] lnvt ePsf] tyf oL jfbL k|ltjfbLx¿Pscfk;df c+lzof/ gePsf] eGg] egfO/x]sf]b]lvg cfp+Fb}g . afa' tyf xh'/cfdf -aHo}_nf ]ss 'df/LaLr k/ ]sf ] d '2fdf k | ltjfbLgf/fo0faxfb'/ >]i7 jf/]; a;]sf] tyf aHo}sf]d[To'kZrft\ ;f]xL d'2fdf gf/fo0faxfb'/n] d'2f;sf/ u/]sf] cfwf/df cfkm" afa' tyf efOx¿;+udfgf] a]un u/L a;]sf] tYo :yflkt ug{ vf]h]

tfklg lnvt k|df0faf6 oL jfbL Pj+ k|ltjfbLaLrc+zj08f e} ;s]sf] jf dfgf] a]un ePsf] k|df0fsf]cefjdf c+zj08f e} ;s]sf] jf dfgf] a]un ePsf]dfGg gldNg] x'Fbf / k|ltjfbL gf/fo0faxfb'/n]cfˆgf] k|ltpQ/ kqdf cfkm"n] klg c+z lng af+sLg} 5 egL c+zj08f x'g jfFsL /x]sf] tYonfO{:jLsf/ u/L c+zj08f x'g afFsL /x]sf] tYodfd'v ldn]s} b]lvFbf jfbLx¿n] c+z kfpg] s'/fdfljjfb b]lvPg .

$= cj s] s'g ;DklQaf6 jfbLx¿n]c+z kfpg] xf] eGg] ;DaGwdf larf/ ubf{ oLk|ltjfbLn] cfkm" @)!* ;fndf lktfhL;Fu dfgf]a]un e} xh'/cfdf nf]ss'df/L;+u a;L lghnfO{nfngkfng u/]sf] @)@# ;fndf xh'/cfdfsf]d[To'kZrft\ cf–cfˆg} vltpklt u/L ;DklQcfh{g u/L hUuf hdLg hf]8]sf] x'Fbf cfˆgf gfpFdf/x]sf] ;DklQafx]s @)@&.@.!( d efO tyfa'afx¿sf aLr c+zj08f e} ;s]sf] tYo efOs[i0faxfb'/n] nfnaxfb'/ u'?ËnfO{ /fhLgfdf u/LlbFbfsf] /fhLgfdfsf] lnvtsf] k]6af]nL Joxf]/fdf:yflkt e} ;s]sf] egL lhsL/ lng' ePsf] b]lvG5 .k|:t't d'2fdf dfgf] 5'l§Psf] ldltsf af/]df ljjfb/x]sf] b]lvG5 . k|ltjfbL gf/fo0faxfb'/n] @)!*;fndf dfgf] 5'l§Psf] eGg] lhsL/ lnPtfklgdfgf] 5'l§Psf] ;DaGwdf oL jfbL k|ltjfbLaLrs'g} lnvt ePsf] kfOb}g . dfgf] 5'l§Psf] jfdfgf] hf]l8Psf] lnvt u/]sf] cj:yfdf /lhi6«]zgu/fpg' kg{] jfWofTds sfg"gL Joj:yf /x]sf]dfs]jn @)!* ;fndf afa';+u dfgf] 5'l§Psf] /@)@# ;fndf xh'/cfdf / afa'aLr k/]sf] d'2fdfklxn] jf/]; a;L kl5 xh'/cfdfsf] d[To'kl5 d'2f;sf/ u/]sf] sf/0fdfq bfh' efOsf aLrdf dfgf]5'l§Psf] kof{Kt cfwf/ aGg ;Sg] xf]Og .

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a;L lghsf] d[To'kl5 d'2f;d]t ;sf/ u/L lnO{lghsf] ;DklQ k|fKt u/]sf] ;d]t cfwf/dfc+zj08fsf] !* g+= / #) g+=;d]tsf] q'l6sfcfwf/df o; cbfntaf6 c=j= @)@ g+= adf]lhdljkIfL lemsfpg] cfb]z ePsf] b]lvG5 . k|ydtMnf]ss'df/L / dLgaxfb'/aLr c+z d'2f k/]sf]tYo ldl;naf6 b]lvg cfp+b}g . k|:t't d'2fsfk|ltjfbLn] cfˆgf] k|ltpQ/ kqdf nf]ss'df/Ln]dLgaxfb'/nfO{ lnvt ab/ / hfn;fh d'2f lbO{z'?df nf]ss'df/Lsf] tkm{af6 jf/]; a;]sf] / kl5lghsf] d[To'kZrft\ d'2f ;sf/ u/]sf] s'/fpNn]v u/]sf] kfOG5 . /Ltk"j{ssf] a08fkq gePsf]ca:yfdf @)@&.@.!( df gfjfns s[i0faxfb'/n]u/L lbPsf] lnvtdf 5'l§leGg e} ;s]sf] Joxf]/fpNn]v ePsf] eGg] cfwf/df dfq jfbLx¿n] kfpg]c+z h:tf] g};lu{s xsaf6 al~rt ug{ GofosfdfGo l;4fGt ;d]tn] ldNb}g . dfgf] 5'l§Psf]ldlt ;DaGwdf jfbL k|ltjfbLsf aLr d'v ldn]sf]s'/fdf ;f]xLadf]lhd / d'v gldn]sf] ;DaGwdflkm/fb k/]sf] cl3Nnf] lbgnfO{ g} dfgf] 5'l§Psf]ldlt sfod ug{'k5{ . -rGb|l;+x /fhk't lj?4lzjb]jL /fhk't g]sfk@)$(,c+s !,lg=g=$$^!k[= (*_ egL l;4fGTf k|ltkfbg e} /x]sf] ;Gbe{dfnf]ss'df/L / dLgaxfb'/aLr rNb} grn]sf] c+zd'2fdf jfl/]; a;L d'2f ;sf/ u/L k|ltjfbLgf/fo0faxfb'/ >]i7n] ;DklQ k|fKt u/]sf] eGg]unt tYo pNn]v ePsf] b]lvFbf pQm cfb]z;Fu;xdt x'g ;lsPg .

^= ctM oL jfbL k|ltjfbLx¿ Ps3/;uf]nsf afa' 5f]/f Pj+ bfh'efO gftfsf JolQmePsf]df ljjfb gb]lvPsf], jfbL k|ltjfbLx¿sfaLr sfg"gadf]lhd j08fkq gePsf] s'/fdf klgljjfb g/x]sf], sfg"gadf]lhd j08fkq ePsf]s'g} lnvt gePsf] cj:yfdf lkm/fb k/]sf] ldlt@)$*.!).!# nfO{ dfgf] 5'l§Psf] ldlt sfodu/L ;f]eGbf cufl8sf] ;a} jfbL k|ltjfbLx¿sf

gfpFdf /x]sf] jfbL tyf k|ltjfbLx¿n] k]z u/]sf]tfobftL kmf+6jf/Ldf pNn]v u/]sf] Psf3/;uf]nsf c+lzof/x¿dWo] h'g;'s} c+lzof/x¿sfgfddf /x]sf] ;DklQ ;uf]nsf] ;DklQ dflgg]k|df0f P]g, @)#! sf] bkmf ^-s_ sf] sfg"gLJoj:yfcg';f/ oL jfbL k|ltjfbLx¿sf gfpFdf/x]sf] ;Dk"0f{ ;DklQsf] ;a} c+lzof/x¿ aLr;dfg xs nfUg] x'+bf ;Dk"0f{ ;DklQnfO{ kfFr efunufO{ kfFr efusf] b'O{ efuaf6 Ps–Ps efujfbLx¿n] c+z 5'6\ofO{ lng kfpg] 7x¥ofPsf]@)%(.!.@ sf] k'g/fj]bg cbfnt kf]v/fsf] km};nfdgfl;j x'Fbf ;b/ x'g] 7x5{ . bfo/Laf6 nuts§f u/L ldl;n lgodfg';f/ u/L a'emfO{ lbg" .pQm /fodf d ;xdt 5' .Gof=k|]d zdf{Olt ;+jt\ @)^^ ;fn c;f/ # ut] /f]h $ z'ed\\Ohnf; clws[tM s[i0f/fdsf]O/fnf

lg0f{o g+= *!!( ;fpg, @)^^

;jf]{Rr cbfnt, ;+o'Qm Ohnf;dfggLo GofofwLz >L dLgaxfb'/ /fodfemLdfggLo GofofwLz >L s[i0fk|;fb pkfWofo

;+jt\ @)^# ;fnsf] kmf}=k'=g+= ====#*#$km};nf ldltM @)^%.!@.(.!

d'2fM 7uL .k'g/fj]bsM nlntk'/ lhNnf, nlntk'/ pk

dxfgu/kflnsf j8f g+= !$ tfN5Lv]na:g] gf/fo0f yfkf

lj?4k|ToyL{M /fh]Gb| dxh{g ;d]tsf] hfx]/Ln] g]kfn

;/sf/

z'? txdf km};nf ug]{Mdf=lh=Gof=>L hgfb{gaxfb'/ v8\sf

k'g/fj]bg txdf km};nf ug]{M

584584584584584

df=Gof=>L gGb/fh clwsf/Ldf=Gof=>L cnL csj/ lds/fgL

§ lglZrt ;dokZrft\ /sd lkmtf {lglZrt ;dokZrft\ /sd lkmtf {lglZrt ;dokZrft\ /sd lkmtf {lglZrt ;dokZrft\ /sd lkmtf {lglZrt ;dokZrft\ /sd lkmtf {ug ' {kg ] { bf loTj ePsf ] ;~rfnsug' {kg ] { bf loTj ePsf ] ;~rfnsug' {kg ] { bf loTj ePsf ] ;~rfnsug' {kg ] { bf loTj ePsf ] ;~rfnsug' {kg ] { bf loTj ePsf ] ;~rfns;ldltn] cfˆgf] bfloTj k"/f gu/]sf];ldltn] cfˆgf] bfloTj k"/f gu/]sf];ldltn] cfˆgf] bfloTj k"/f gu/]sf];ldltn] cfˆgf] bfloTj k"/f gu/]sf];ldltn] cfˆgf] bfloTj k"/f gu/]sf]/ lgh k | ltjfbLn ] cbfnt Pj +/ lgh k | ltjfbLn ] cbfnt Pj +/ lgh k | ltjfbLn ] cbfnt Pj +/ lgh k | ltjfbLn ] cbfnt Pj +/ lgh k | ltjfbLn ] cbfnt Pj +clwsf/k|fKt clwsf/L;dIf jofgclwsf/k|fKt clwsf/L;dIf jofgclwsf/k|fKt clwsf/L;dIf jofgclwsf/k|fKt clwsf/L;dIf jofgclwsf/k|fKt clwsf/L;dIf jofgubf { hfx ]/Ljfnx¿sf] jrt /sdubf { hfx ]/Ljfnx¿sf] jrt /sdubf { hfx ]/Ljfnx¿sf] jrt /sdubf { hfx ]/Ljfnx¿sf] jrt /sdubf { hfx ]/Ljfnx¿sf] jrt /sdlkmtf { ul/;lsPsf ] 5 egL eGglkmtf { ul/;lsPsf ] 5 egL eGglkmtf { ul/;lsPsf ] 5 egL eGglkmtf { ul/;lsPsf ] 5 egL eGglkmtf { ul/;lsPsf ] 5 egL eGgg;s]sf] cj:yfdf hfx]/L syg /g;s]sf] cj:yfdf hfx]/L syg /g;s]sf] cj:yfdf hfx]/L syg /g;s]sf] cj:yfdf hfx]/L syg /g;s]sf] cj:yfdf hfx]/L syg /cleof]u bfjL ;To ;fFrf] g} b]lvg] .cleof]u bfjL ;To ;fFrf] g} b]lvg] .cleof]u bfjL ;To ;fFrf] g} b]lvg] .cleof]u bfjL ;To ;fFrf] g} b]lvg] .cleof]u bfjL ;To ;fFrf] g} b]lvg] .

-k|s/0f g+=$_§ cfkm\gf] ;xsf/L ;+:Yffdf /fd|f] Jofhcfkm\gf] ;xsf/L ;+:Yffdf /fd|f] Jofhcfkm\gf] ;xsf/L ;+:Yffdf /fd|f] Jofhcfkm\gf] ;xsf/L ;+:Yffdf /fd|f] Jofhcfkm\gf] ;xsf/L ;+:Yffdf /fd|f] Jofh

lbg] egL cfsif{0f b]vfO{ /sd hDdflbg] egL cfsif{0f b]vfO{ /sd hDdflbg] egL cfsif{0f b]vfO{ /sd hDdflbg] egL cfsif{0f b]vfO{ /sd hDdflbg] egL cfsif{0f b]vfO{ /sd hDdfug{ nufO{ lghx¿n] dfu]sf jvtug{ nufO{ lghx¿n] dfu]sf jvtug{ nufO{ lghx¿n] dfu]sf jvtug{ nufO{ lghx¿n] dfu]sf jvtug{ nufO{ lghx¿n] dfu]sf jvt/sd lkmtf{ glbO{ ;+:Yff g} aGb u/L/sd lkmtf{ glbO{ ;+:Yff g} aGb u/L/sd lkmtf{ glbO{ ;+:Yff g} aGb u/L/sd lkmtf{ glbO{ ;+:Yff g} aGb u/L/sd lkmtf{ glbO{ ;+:Yff g} aGb u/Llx F8 ]sf ] sfo{nfO{ jrtstf{x¿nfO{lx F8 ]sf ] sfo{nfO{ jrtstf{x¿nfO{lx F8 ]sf ] sfo{nfO{ jrtstf{x¿nfO{lx F8 ]sf ] sfo{nfO{ jrtstf{x¿nfO{lx F8 ]sf ] sfo{nfO{ jrtstf{x¿nfO{unkmtdf kf/L wf]sf lbPsf] xf]Ogunkmtdf kf/L wf]sf lbPsf] xf]Ogunkmtdf kf/L wf]sf lbPsf] xf]Ogunkmtdf kf/L wf]sf lbPsf] xf]Ogunkmtdf kf/L wf]sf lbPsf] xf]OgeGg sfg"gtM gldNg] .eGg sfg"gtM gldNg] .eGg sfg"gtM gldNg] .eGg sfg"gtM gldNg] .eGg sfg"gtM gldNg] .

-k|s/0f g+=%_

k'g/fj]bs tkm{af6M ljåfg j}tlgs clwjQmf >L6]saxfb'/ /fjn

k|ToyL{ tkm{af6McjnlDjt ghL/M;Da4 sfg"gM§ d'n'sL P]g 7uLsf] !, $, & g+=§ ;xsf/L P]g, @)$*

km};nfGof=s[i0fk|;fb pkfWofoGof=s[i0fk|;fb pkfWofoGof=s[i0fk|;fb pkfWofoGof=s[i0fk|;fb pkfWofoGof=s[i0fk|;fb pkfWofoM k'g/fj]bg

cbfnt kf6gaf6 @)^!.*.@! df ePsf] km};nfpk/lrQ ga'emL k|ltjfbL kIfaf6 Gofo k|zf;g P]g,@)$* sf] bkmf (-!_ adf]lhd o; cbfntdfbfo/ x'g cfPsf] k|:t't d'2fsf] ;+lIfKt tYo /7x/ o; k|sf/ 5M–

xfdL hfx]/jfnfx¿n] k+rsGof arttyf C0f ;xsf/L ;+:yf lnld6]8 nugv]nnlntk'/df cfkm\gf] gfddf vftf vf]nL /sdhDdf ub}{ cfPsf]df xfdLx¿sf] hDdf ePsf]/sd lkmtf{ dfUg hfFbf pQm ;+:Yffsf cWoIfczf]ss'df/ kf7s, pkfWoIf t'n;LeQm >]i7,;lrj gjLg dxh{g, sf]iffWoIf gf/fo0f yfkf,;b:o ;fgf]efO v8\sf ;d]tsf JolQmx¿n] /sdlkmtf{ glbO{{ ldlt @)%*.*.! ut] lbg]5f}F egL@)%*.%.( sf] sflGtk'/ klqsfdf ;"rgf k|sfzgu/L @)%*.^.#) af6 ;+:Yffdf tfnf nufO{ efuLxfdLx¿sf] ?k}of 7uL u/]sfn] of] hfx]/L lbgcfPsf 5f} . plNnlvt art tyf C0f ;xsf/L; +:yfsf cWoIf czf ]s kf7s;d ]tsf;~rfnsx¿nfO{ kqmfp u/L sfg"gadf]lhdsf/jfxL u/L xfdLx¿n] cfkm\gf] vftfdf hDdfu/]sf] /sd ?= $@,))%%.– lbnfO{ e/fO{ kfpmFFeGg] Joxf]/fsf] /fh]Gb| dxh{g ;d]tsf !! hgfsf]hfx]/L bvf{:t .

xfdL hfx]/jfnfx¿n] k+rsGof jrttyf C0f ;xsf/L ;+:yf lnld6]8 nugv]nnlntk'/df vftf vf]nL hDdf u/]sf] /sd lkmtf{dfUbf glbO{ ;+:yfsf cWoIf czf]ss'df/ kf7s;d]tsf kbflwsf/Lx¿n] jrtstf{sf] /sd ldlt@)%*.*.! ut] lkmtf{ lbg]5f}F egL @)%*.^.#) dfsflGtk'/ b}lgs klqsfdf ;"rgf k|sfzg u/L;f]xL ldltaf6 ;+:yfsf] sfof{no aGb u/L efuLn'sL l5kL lx8]sfn] of] hfx]/L lbgcfPsf 5f}F .x fdLx¿n ] hDdf u/ ]sf ] ?=# ,^),@#(.–ljkIfLx¿af6 lbnfO { e/fO { lghx¿nfO {sfg"gadf]lhd sf/jfxL ul/kfpmF eGg] ;d]tJoxf]/fsf] g]d dxh{g ;d]tsf] !^ hgfsf] hfx]/Lb/vf:t .

d / d]/f] >LdtL hgs'df/L nfdf ;d]tn]nlntk'/ lhNnf nlntk'/ pk=d=g=kf=j8f=g+=^l:yt nugv]ndf /x]sf] k+rsGof art tyf

*!!( *!!( *!!( *!!( *!!( - gf/fo0f yfkf lj=g]kfn ;/sf/ gf/fo0f yfkf lj=g]kfn ;/sf/ gf/fo0f yfkf lj=g]kfn ;/sf/ gf/fo0f yfkf lj=g]kfn ;/sf/ gf/fo0f yfkf lj=g]kfn ;/sf/

585585585585585


;xsf/L ;+:Yff lnld6]8df vftfvf]nL hDdf u/]sf]?k}of lkmtf{ dfUbf glbO{{ jrtstf{x¿sf] /sdldlt @)%*.*.! ut] lkmtf{ ug]{ egL sflGtk'/klqsfdf ldlt @)%*.^.#) df ;"rgf k|sflztu/L ;f]xL lbgb]lv ;+:Yff aGb u/L ;+:Yffsf cWoIfczf]ss'df/ kf7s;d]tsf dflg;x¿ efuLn'lsl5kL a;]sfn] of] hfx]/L lbg cfPsf] 5' .ljkIfL ;+:yfgsf cWoIf ;lxtsf sfof{sfl/0fL;d]tnfO{ kqmfp u/L sfg"gadf]ldh ;hfo u/Ld / d]/f] >LdtL hg s'df/L nfdfsf] gfdaf6hDdf u/]sf] ?=!^,*)).– lbnfO{ e/fO{ kfpmF eGg];d]t Joxf]/fsf] k|]d nfdfsf] hfx]/L b/vf:t .

d}n] k+rsGof jrt tyf C0f ;xsf/L;+:Yff nugv]ndf vftf vf]nL hDdf u/]sf] /sd?=@,%$).– lkmtf{ dfUbf glbO{ @)%*.^.#) b]lv;+:Yff g} aGb u/L efuL lx8]sfn] pQm ;+:YffsfcWoIf;d]tsf kbflwsf/Lx¿nfO{ ks|fp u/LcfjZos sf/jfxL u/L d]/f] ?k}of lbnfO{ kfpmFeGg] ;d]t Joxf]/fsf] /fh]Gb| jflgofsf] hfx]/Lb/vf:t .

nlntk'/ lhNnfcGtu{t nugv]ndf /x]sf]k+rsGof jrt tyf C0f ;xsf/L ;+:yf lnld6]8dfvftf vf]nL hDdf u/]sf] /sd ?=$&)).– lkmtf{dfUbf glbO{{ ;+:yf g} aGb u/L efuL ;+:yfsfcWoIf czf ]s kf7s ;d]tsf kf Fr hgfkbflwsf/Ln] 7uL vfPsfn] kfFr hgfnfO{ g}kqmfp u/L cfjZos sf/jfxL u/L d]/f] ?=$&)).–lbnfO{ kfpmF eGg] ;d]t Joxf]/fsf] uLtf >]i7sf]hfx]/L b/vf:t .

k+rsGof jrt tyf C0f ;xsf/L ;+:Yfflnld6]8 nlntk'/cGtu{t nugv]ndf hDdf u/]sf]? #@$).– dnfO{ lkmtf{ glbO{ ;+:yf g} aGb u/Lefu ]sfn ] ; +:yfsf cWoIf;lxtsfkbflwsf/Lx¿nfO{ kqmfp u/L cfjZos sf/jfxLu/L d]/f] ?k}of lbnfO{ e/fO{ kfpmF eGg] ;flns/fdkl/of/sf] hfx]/L b/vf:t .

d}n] k+rsGof jrt tyf C0f ;xsf/L;+:yf lnld6]8sf] vftfdf hDdf u/]sf] ?k}of lkmtf{glbO{ sfof{no aGb u/L efu]sfn] pQm ;+:yfsfcWoIf;lxtsf kbflwsf/Lx¿nfO{ kqmfp u/Lsfg"gadf]lhd sf/jfxL u/L d]/f] ?=#$)).– lkmtf{lbnfO{ kfpmF eGg] ;d]t Joxf]/fsf] u0f]zk|;fbld>sf] hfx]/L b/vf:t .

k+rsGof art tyf C0f ;xsf/L ;+:Yfflnld6]8df d}n] vftf vf]nL hDdf u/]sf] ?=&().–lkmtf{ glbO{ ;+:yf aGb u/L efu]sfn] ;+:YffdfcWoIf;lxtsf kbflwsf/Lx¿nfO{ kqmfp u/Lsfg"gadf]lhd ;hfo u/L hDdf ePsf] /sdlkmtf{ lbnfO{ kfpmF eGg] ;d]t Joxf]/fsf] xl/s[i0fkl/of/sf] hfx]/L b/vf:t .

nlntk'/ lhNnfcGtu{t nlntk'/p=d=g=kf=j8f=g+= ̂ nugv]n l:yt k+rsGof arttyf C0f ;xsf/L ;+:yf lnld6]8df hDdf u/]sf]?k}of glbO{{ ;+:yfgsf] sfof{no;d]t aGb u/Lefu]sfn] of] hfx]/L lbg cfPsf] 5' . pQm ;+:yfsfcWoIf;lxtsf kbflwsf/Lx¿nfO{ kqmfp u/Lsfg"gadf]lhd sf/jfxL u/L d]/f] ? #*)).– lbnfO{kfpmF eGg] ;d]t Joxf]/fsf] zf/bf kl/of/sf] hfx]/Lb/vf:t .

k+rsGof jrt tyf C0f ;xsf/L ;+:yflnld6]8 nugv]ndf d}n] vftf vf]nL hDdf u/]sf]?=!$,#)).–lkmtf{ glbO{{ sfof{no g} aGb u/L efuLkm/f/ ePsfn] pQm ;+:yfsf cWoIf ;lxtsfkbflwsf/Lx¿nfO{ kqmfp u/L sfg"gadf]lhd;hfo u/L d]/f] ?k}of lbnfO{ e/fO{ kfpmF eGg];d]t Joxf]/fsf] /fhg ;'g'jf/sf] hfx]/L b/vf:t .

hfx]/jfnf /fh]Gb| dxh{g, v]d dxh{g;d]tsf hfx]/jfnfx¿n] xfdLx¿n] ;~rfngu/]sf] kGrsGof jrt tyf C0f ;xsf/L ;+:Yfflnld6]8 nugv]ndf vftf vf]nL ?k}of hDdfu/]sf] 7Ls xf] . xfdLx¿n] 7uL vfg] p2]Zon]?k}of hDdf u/fPsf] xf]Og . xfd|f] ;+:Yff;Fu} /x]sf]

586586586586586

EofnL6k ax'p2]ZoLo ;xsf/L ;+:yf aGb ePsf]n]To;sf] c;/ xfdLnfO{ k/]sf] xf] . jrt stf{x¿;j} Ps} rf]6L cfO{ ?k}of lkmtf{ dfu]sf /xfdLx¿sxfF hDdf ePsf] /sd ahf/df C0fk|jfx ePsf] / ;f] C0f ;dodf gp7\bfjrtstf {sf ] /sd lkmtf { ug { g;s]kl5jrtstf{x¿n] ;+:yfdf tf]8kmf]8 u/]sfn] xfdLn]jfWo e} ldlt @)%*.$.!^ af6 ;+:yfsf] sf/f]jf/aGb u/]sf xfF} . ldlt @)%*.*.! ut] ;Dd xfdLn]jrt stf{x¿nfO{ ?=$,)),))).– rf/ nfv /sde'QmfgL u/L ;s]sf 5f} egL clwsf/k|fKtclwsf/L;dIf k|ltjfbL gf/fo0f yfkfn] u/]sf]jofg sfuh .

hfx]/jfnf /fh]Gb| dxh{g, v]d dxh{g,k|]d nfdf, /fh]Gb| jflgof, uLtf >]i7, ;flns/fdkl/of/, /fhg ;'g'jf/;d]tsf dflg;x¿sf]hfx]/Lcg';f/ xfldx¿n] ;~rfng ul/cfPsf]k+rsGof jrt tyf C0f ;xsf/L ;+:yf lnld6]8dfvftf vf]nL /sd hDdf u/]sf]df cGo ;xsf/L;+:yfx¿ aGb ePsfn] vftfjfnfx¿ ;j} Ps}k6s ?k}of lkmtf{ dfUg cfPsf / xfd|f] ;+:YffdfhDdf u/]sf] /sd ahf/df nufgL e} C0f p7gafFsL x'Fbf tTsfn /sd e'QmfgL x'g g;Sbfvftfjfnfx¿n] ;+:yfdf tf]8+kmf]8+ ;d]t u/]sfn]xfdLn] /sd e'QmfgLsf] sfo{;Dd aGb u/]sf]xf] . hfx]/jfnfsf] ?k}of 7uL vfg] lgotaf6e'Qmfg gu/]sf] xf]Og 5}g egL k|ltjfbL ;fgf]efO{ v8\sfn] clwsf/k|fKt clwsf/L;dIf u/]sf]jofg sfuh .

d cWoIf, pkfWoIf t'n;LeQm >]i7,;lrj gjLg >]i7 -dxh{g_, sf]iffWoIf gf/fo0fyfkf ;b:o ;fgf]efO{ v8\sf ;d]t kfFr hgf eO{xfdLn] ;~rfng ul/cfPsf] kGrsGof jrt tyfC0f ;xsf/L ;+:yf lnld6]8df hfx]/jfnf /fh]Gb|dxh{g;d]tsf dflg;x¿n] hDdf u/]sf] /sdPs} k6s e'QmfgL dfUg cfPsf / xfd|f] ;xsf/Lsf]

/sd ahf/df nufgL e} tTsfn e'Qmfg x'g g;Sbf;+:yf tf]8kmf]8 ug]{ nufotsf 8/ wDsL lbPsf]x'Fbf ;+:yf aGb ug'{ k/]sf] xf] . xfdLn] 7uL vfg]p2]Zon] vftfjfnfx¿sf] hDdf ePsf] /sde'QmfgL lbgnfO{ /f]s]sf] xf]Og eGg] k|ltjfbL czf]ss'df/ kf7sn] clwsf/k|fKt clwsf/L;dIf u/]sf]jofg .

d}n] k+rsGof jrt tyf C0f ;xsf/L;+:yf ln=;d]tdf vftf vf]nL hDdf u/]sf]?=@^,)&&.– dnfO{ lkmtf{ gu/L ;+:yf aGb u/LefuL lxF8]sfn] pQm ;+:yfdf sfo{/t\ JolQmx¿nfO{kqmfp u/L sfg"gadf]lhd sf/jfxL u/L d]/f]?k}of lbnfO{ e/fO{ kfpmF eGg] ;d]t Joxf]/fsf]s'df/ vqLsf] hfx]/L .

k+rsGof jrt tyf C0f ;xsf/L ;+:yflnld6]8df vftf vf]nL hDdf u/]sf] ?=#),))).–lkmtf{ glbO{ ;+:yfsf kbflwsf/Lx¿ efu]sfn] kqmfpu/L sfg"gadf]lhd sf/jfxL u/L ?k}of ;d]tlbnfO{ kfpmF eGg] ;d]t Joxf]/fsf] hfgsL du/sf]hfx]/L .

d}n] vftf vf]nL hDdf u/]sf] ?=%^&).–dnfO{ e'QmfgL glbO{ k+rsGof jrt tyf C0f;xsf/L ;+:yf lnld6]8sf kbflwsf/Lx¿n] ;+:yfaGb u/L efuL lx8]sfn] lghx¿nfO{ kqmfp u/Lsfg"gadf]lhd sf/jfxL u/L ?k}of lbnfO{ kfpmFeGg] nfnaxfb'/ yfkfsf] hfx]/L b/vf:Tf .

d}n] vftf vf]nL hDdf u/]sf] ?=^(%).–lkmtf{ glbO{ k+rsGof jrt tyf C0f ;xsf/L;+:yf lnld6]8sf sfo{sf/Lx¿ efuL ;+:yf;d]taGb u/]sfn] pQm ;+:yfsf sfo{sf/L;d]tnfO{kqmfp u/L sfg"gadf]lhd sf/jfxL rnfO{ ;hfou/L d]/f] ?k}of lbnfO{ kfpmF eGg] ;d]t Joxf]/fsf]/ldtf dxh{gsf] hfx]/L b/vf:Tf .

d}n] vftf vf]nL hDdf u/]sf] ?=%#%).–dnfO{ lkmtf{ glbO{ ;+:yf aGb u/L efuL lx8]sf;+:yf k+rsGof jrt tyf C0f ;xsf/L ;+:yfsf


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sfo{sf/L clwsf/ k|fKt dflg;nfO{ kqmfp u/Lsfg"gadf]lhd sf/jfxL u/L d]/f] ?k}of lbnfO{e/fO{ kfpmF eGg] ;d]t Joxf]/fsf] /Tgaxfb'/dxh{gsf] hfx]/L bvf{:t .

d}n] k+rsGof jrt tyf C0f ;xsf/L;+:yfdf hDdf u/]sf] ?=!!=%)).– lkmtf{ glbO{;+:yf g} aGb u/L efu]sfn] pQm ;+:yfsf sfo{sf/L;d]tnfO{ kqmfp u/L sfg"gadf]lhd sf/jfxLu/L ?k}of lbnfO{ kfpFm eGg] ;d]t Joxf]/fsf];fOnf dxh{gsf] hfx]/L b/vf:t .

xfdLx¿n]= hDdf u/]sf] ?=(@=^*%.–lkmtf{ glbO{ k+rsGof jrt tyf C0f ;xsf/L;+:yfsf] sfof{no aGb u/L efuL lx8]sfn] pQm;+:yfsf cWoIf;lxtsf sfo{sf/L clwsf/Lx¿nfO{kqmfp u/L sfg"gadf]lhd sf/jfxL ;hfo u/LxfdLx?sf] ?k}of lbnfO{ e/fO{ kfpmF eGg] ;d]tJoxf]/fsf] jfns'df/L dxh{g ;d]t kfFr hgfn]lbPsf] hfx]/L b/vf:t .

k+rsGof jrt tyf C0f ;xsf/L ;+:yflnld6]8df hDdf u/]sf] ?=!@*^%.– e'QmfgL glbO{;+:yf aGb u/L efuL lx8]sfn] pQm ;xsf/L; +:yfsf kbf lwsf/Lx¿nfO { kqmfp u/Lsfg"gadf]lhd sf/jfxL u/L ;hfo;d]t u/L ?k}oflbnfO{ kfpmF eGg] ;d]t Joxf]/fsf] ;f]lgof >]i7sf]hfx]/L b/vf:t .

d]/f] / >Ldfgsf] gfpFdf vftf vf]nLhDdf u/]sf] ?k}of ?=!$&#).– lkmtf{ glbO{k+rsGof jrt tyf C0f ;xsf/L ;+:yfsfcWoIf;d]tsf sfo{sfl/0fL kbflwsf/Lx¿ efuLlkmtf{ /sd 7uL u/]sfn] lghx¿nfO{ kqmfp u/Lsfg"gadf]lhd sf/jfxL u/L d;d]tsf] ?k}oflbnfO{ kfpmF eGg] ;d]t Joxf]/fsf] lji0f' dxh{gsf]hfx]/L b/vf:t .

k+rsGof art tyf C0f ;xsf/L ;+:yflnld6]8sf] clkm; aGb /x]sf] eGg] 36gf:ynd'r'Nsf .

dfl;+s ? ^,))).– sf b/n] ef8f lnO{d}n] ef8fdf lbPsf] 3/df a;]sf] k+rsGof arttyf C0f ;xsf/L ;+:yf lnld6]8n] jrtstf{x¿sf]k};f lkmtf{ ug{ g;Sbf pQm ;+:yfsf cWoIfczf]ss'df/ kf7s;d]tn] tfnf aGb u/L uPsf]s'/f ;'g]sf] x'F egL 3/ wgL /fwfs[i0f >]i7n] u/LlbPsf] sfuh .

nlntk'/ lhNnf n=k'=pk=d=g=kf=j8f=g+=^ nugv]nl:yt k+rsGof jrt tyf C0f ;xsf/L;+:yfsf cWoIf czf]ss'df/ kf7s, ;d]tsf kfFrhgf ;~rfns ;ldltsf ;b:ox¿n] ;j{;fwf/0fdflg;x¿nfO{ pQm ;+:yfdf vftf vf]nL, k};fhDdf ug{ nufO{ hDdf u/]sf] /sd jrtstf{x¿nfO{ lkmtf{ glbO{ ;+:yfsf] sfof{no ;d]taGb u/L efuL pQm ;+:yfsf cWoIf ;d]tsfsfo{sf/L kbflwsf/L ;d]tn] 7uL u/]sf s'/f ;'gLyfxf+ kfPsf] x'F egL n]vfPsf] Zofd k|hfklt;d]tsf]36gf cf;kf; d'r'Nsf .

xfdLx¿n] k+rsGof jrt tyf C0f;xsf/L ;+:yf lnld6]8df hDdf u/]sf] ?=!@,*(#.–e'QmfgL glbO{ ;+:yf g} aGb u/L efu]sfn] of]hfx ]/L lbg cfPsf 5f } + . pQm ; +:yfsfkbflwsf/Lx¿nfO{ kqmfp u/L sfg"gadf]lhdsf/jfxL ;hfo u/L d]/f] tyf xfdLx¿n] hDdfu/]sf] 7luPsf] ?=!@,*(#.– lbnfO{ e/fO{ kfpmFeGg] ;d]t Joxf]/fsf] wgdfof dxh{g ;d]tsf!& hgf JoQmLx¿sf] hfx]/L b/vf:t .

/fli6«o jfl0fHo j}+s P]gcGtu{t g]kfn/fi6« j}+ssf] :jLs[lt glnO{ k|ltjfbL czf]s s'df/kf7s, ;fgf]efO{ v8\sf, gf/fo0f yfkf,t'n;LeQm>]i7, gjLg dxh{g;d]tn] /fd|f] Jofh lbg] egL;j{;fwf/0fnfO{ k|nf]egdf kf/L em'SofO{ cfkm"n];~rfng ul/cfPsf] k+rsGof jrt tyf C0f;xsf/L ;+:Yffdf ?k}of hDdf ug{ nufO{hfx]/jfnfx¿n] art u/]sf] ?k}of glbO{{ ;+:yfaGb u/L d'n'sL P]g 7uLsf] ! g+= ljk/Lt

588588588588588

k|ltjfbLx¿n] s;"/ u/]sf] x'Fbf P]= P]gsf] $ g+=adf]lhd sf/jfxL / ;hfo ;d]t u/L P]= P]gsf]& g + = adf ] lhd hfx ]/jfnfx¿sf ] lauf ]?=!@,^!,%)^.– k|ltjfbLx¿af6 hfx]/jfnfx¿nfO{lbnfO{ e/fO{ kfpmF eGg] cleof]u dfu bfjL .

czf ]ss'df/ kf7s, eLd;]gk|;fbltdN;]gf, /]jGth+u /fO{ / /fdxl/ g]kfn ;d]te} nlntk'/ lhNnf nugv]ndf ;~rfng ul/cfPsf]k+rsGof jrt tyf C0f ;xsf/L ;+:yf lnld6]8sf]tTsfnLg pkfWoIf kbdf e} xfn sf]iffWoIf e}sfd ul/cfPsf] 5' . jrtstf{x¿ Ps} k6se'QmfgL lng cfPsf / hDdf ePsf] /sd ahf/dfnufgL e} ?k}of gp7]sfn] tTsfn e'Qmfg x'gg;sL C0f p7]kl5 e'QmfgL ug]{ eg]sf] dfq xf]jrtstf{x¿nfO{ ? $,)),))).– e'QmfgLul/;s]sf] 5 . jrtstf{x¿sf] ?k}of 7uL vfg]p2]Zon] w]/} Jofh lbg] egL ?k}ofF hDdf u/]sf]5}g eGg] k|ltjfbL gf/fo0f yfkfn] u/]sf] jofg .

ldlt @)%%.#.& b]lv k+rsGof jrt tyfC0f ;xsf/L ;+:yfdf dfs]{l6ª sfd ub}{ cfPkl5@)%&.!@.% b]lv ;~rfng ;ldlts} ;b:odflgo'lQm e} ldlt @)%*.!.@ af6 /fhLgfdf lbO{;b:otf 5f8] klg pQm ;+:yfsf] C0f p7fpFb}cfO/x]sf] 5' . o;} qmddf @)%*.$.!^ df ;j}artstf{ cfO{ ?k}of dfUbf ahf/df nufgL ePsf]sf/0faf6 tTsfn ?k}of e'QmfgL lbg g;SbfcWoIf;lxtnfO{ wDsL lbPsf sf/0f ;+:yf aGbu/]sf] xf] . hfx]/jfnf /fh]Gb| dxh{g;d]tsf s]xLjrtstf{x¿nfO{ ?=$,)),))).– e'QmfgLlbO;s]sf] 5 . xfdLn] jrt stf{x¿nfO{ & k|ltzt,d'2tL stf{nfO{ ? !#=% k|ltzt Jofh lbg] u/]sf]5 . xfdLn] j9L Jofh lbg] egL k|nf]egdf kf/L?k}of hDdf ug{ nufO{ 7uL u/L vfPsf] 5}g eGg];fgf]efO v8\sfn] cbfntdf u/]sf] jofg .

lhNnf ;xsf/L sfof{no nlntk'/df ldlt@)%%.&.!& df btf{ u/L xfdLn] k+rsGof jrt

tyf C0f ;xsf/L ;+:yf vf]nL ;~rfng ul/cfPsf]sfof{nodf jrtstf{x¿n] hDdf u/]sf] ?k}ofjhf/df nufgL e} /x]sf] cj:Yffdf jrtstf{x¿n]Ps} k6s e'QmfgL dfUg cfPsf]n] ?k}of e'QmfgLlbg g;s]sf] x'Fbf xfdL pk/ em"¶f cleof]u nfu]sf]dfq xf] . d]/f] 3/ hUuf lwtf] /fvL ?=!),)),))).–nufgL u/]sf] dflg;n] w]/} Jofh lbG5' egL k|nf]egb]vfO{ ?k}of hDdf ug{ nufO{ ?k}of 7uL u/]sf]5}g eGg] czf]ss'df/ kf7sn] cbfntdf u/]sf]jofg .

k|ltjfbLx¿nfO{ kl5 7x/]adf]lhd x'g]u/L k'k{Ifsf] nflu y'gfdf /fvL sfaf{xL ug'{ eGg]z'?sf] cfb]z .

k | ltjfbL gjLg dxh{gsf gfpFdf@)%(.$.!# df tfd]n ePsf] Dofbdf k|ltjfbLpkl:Yft ge} Dofb} u'hf/L a;]sf /x]5g\ .

k|ltjfbL t'n;LeQm >]i7sf gfpFdf@)%*.!).! df tfd]n ePsf] Dofbdf pkl:Yftge} Dofb} u'hf/L a;]sf /x]5g .

jrtstf{x¿sf] /sd jhf/df nufgLePsf] / jrtstf{x¿n] Ps} k6s cfO{ /sde'QmfgL dfu]sfn] k|ltjfbL czf]s kf7s;d]tn]tTsfn e'QmfgL lbg g;s]sf ] dfq xf ] .k|ltjfbLx¿n] 7uL u/]sf] xf]Og egL czf]s s'df/kf7ssf] ;fIfL ;'zLnf s]=;L=n] u/]sf] jskq .

d}n] k+rsGof jrt tyf C0f ;xsf/L;+:yfdf hDdf u/]sf] ?= #@$).– czf]ss'df/;d]tn] 7uL u/]sf] xf ] egL hfx]/jfnfsfzflns/fd kl/of/n] jskq u/]sf] /x]5 . d}n]k+rsGof jrt tyf C0f ;xsf/L ;+:yfdf hDdfu/]sf] ?=!%))).– k|ltjfbLx¿n] 7uL u/L vfPsfn]7uLsf] ?k}of lbnfO{ kfpmF eGg] ;d]t Joxf]/fsf]lji0f' dxh{gsf] jskq .

k+rsGof jrt tyf C0f ;xsf/L ;+:yfdfhDdf u/]sf] ? $()).– 7uL u/]sf] xf] egL 1fg'dxh{gn] u/]sf] jskq .


589589589589589


k+rsGof jrt tyf C0f ;xsf/L ;+:Yffdfldlt @)%&.@.& df Psd'i6 ?=@,)),))).– hDdfu/]dWo] ;+:yf aGb x'g] cj:Yffdf ?= !@,))).–,kl5 ;+:yfaGb ePkl5 pQm ;+:Yffdf /x]sf]kmlg{r/x¿sf] d"No ? %),))).– sfod u/L3/wgLnfO{ ? !&,%)).– a'emfO{ ;fdfg d}n] nu]sf]5' . d]/f] hDdf u/]sf] /sd czf]ss'df/ kf7s,gf/fo0f yfkf, t'n;L eQm >]i7, gjLg dxh{g /;fg'efO{ v8\sf ldnL ?=!,^#,%)).– pQm ;+:yfsfczf]s kf7s, gf/fo0f yfkf, ;fg'efO v8\sf ;d]tn]7uL u/]sf x'g egL /fh]Gb| jflgofn] u/]sf] jskq .

d}n] k+rsGof jrt tyf C0f ;xsf/L;+:yfdf Ps k6s ?=#),))).– / Ps k6s ?&,))).– /sd hDdf u/]sf] lyP . ;f] /sdk|ltjfbLx¿ czf]s kf7s, gf/fo0f yfkf, t'n;LeQm ;d]t ldnL 7uL u/]sf x'g\ egL t'n;flu/Ln] u/]sf] jskq .

k+rsGof jrt tyf C0f ;xsf/L ;+:Yffdfd}n] hDdf u/]sf] ?=@@,$)).– pQm ;~rfnsx¿kfFr hgf eO{ 7uL u/]sf x'g egL O{Zj/axfb'/yfkfn] u/]sf] jskq .

d}n] k+rsGof ;xsf/L ;+:Yffdf hDdfu/]sf] ?=#),@!#.– czf]s kf7s, ;fg'efO{ v8\sf,gjLg dxh{g, gf/fo0f yfkf, / ;+:yfsf] pkfWoIfgfd yfxf gePsf JolQm ;d]t ldnL d]/f] ?o}ofglbPkl5 7uL u/]sf] eGg] yfxf kfP eGg] lagfdxh{gn] u/]sf] jskq .

d}n] k+rsGof jrt tyf C0f ;xsf/L;+:Yffdf hDdf u/]sf] ?=#$)).– pQm ;xsf/Ldfsf]–sf] JolQm ;xefuL lyP dnfO{ yfxf 5}g, ;fg'efO{ v8\sf Pp6f xf] . czf]s kf7s, gf/fo0fyfkf ;d]tn] 7uL u/]sf x'g eGg] u0f]zk|;fbld>n] u/]sf] jskq .

d}n] k+rsGof jrt tyf C0f ;xsf/L;+:yf lnld6]8df hDdf u/]sf] ?=!(,@!#. 7uLu/]sf x'g egL eLd;]g dxh{gn] u/]sf] jskq .

k+rsGof jrt tyf C0f ;xsf/L ;+:Yffdfdlxgfsf] %÷% ;osf b/n] hDdf u/]sf ]?=!^,))).– k|ltjfbLx¿ gf/fo0f / czf]s kf7sldnL 7uL u/]sf x'g eGg] lx/f b]jL dxh{gn]u/]sf] jskq .

d}n] k+rsGof jrt tyf C0f ;xsf/L;+:yfdf hDdf u/]sf] ? ^(*).– lng hfFbf ef]lnkl;{ egL cfn6fn u/]kl5 cGo jrt stf{x¿nfO{klg ?k}of glbPsfn] ph"/ lbPsf] xf] eGg] ;fg'nfndxh{gn] u/]sf] jskq .

k+rsGof ;xsf/L ;+:yfdf dlxgfsf] ?!)))÷!))).– sf b/n] hDdf u/]sf] ?=#))).–sf] s;n] slt 7uL u/] dnfO{ yfxf 5}g eGg] ci6dxh{gn] u/]sf] jskq .

k+rsGof jrt tyf C0f ;xsf/L ;+:YffdfhDdf u/]sf] ?=^))).u/:– pQm ;+:yfdf sf]–sf]JolQmx¿ eO{ 7uL u/] egL ;'gLtf dxh{gn] u/]sf]jskq .

k+rsGof jrt tyf C0f ;xsf/L ;+:yfdfhDdf u/]sf] ?=&!)).– pQm ;+:yfsf sf]–sf] e}s] slt /sd 7uL u/]sf x'g dnfO{ yfxf 5}geGg] ljgLtf dxh{gn] n]vfPsf] jskq .

k+rsGof jrt tyf C0f ;xsf/L ;+:yflnld6]8df k6s k6s u/L hDdf u/]sf ]?=@%,))).– dWo] lemsL afFsL /x]sf] ? ^@)).–k|ltjfbLx¿ czf]ss'df/ kf7s, gf/fo0f yfkf;d]t e} 7uL u/]sf x'g eGg] kfj{tL hf]zLn]u/]sf] jskq .

k+rsGof jrt tyf C0f ;xsf/L ;+:yfsf]sn]S6/ kbdf /xL /fhLgfdf lbO{;s]sf ;fg'efO{v8\sfn] hfx]/jfnfx¿sf] ?k}of 7uL u/]sf] xf]Ogg\egL ;fg'efO{ v8\sfsf] ;fIfL xl/s[i0f v8\sfn]u/]sf] jskq .

k+rsGof ;xsf/Ldf d}n] hDdf u/]sf]?=*^&).– pQm kmfOgfG;df sf] sf] ldnL 7uLul/vfPsf x'g\ eGg] l/gf dxh{gn] u/]sf] jskq .

590590590590590

cfkm\gf] C0fLx¿nfO{ /sd nufgL u/Lp7fpg g;s]sf] / cfkm\gf] 3/ lwtf] /fvL sflGtk'/kmfOgfG;af6 C0f lnO{ pQm kmfOgfG;df k|=gf/fo0fyfkfn] nufgL u/]sf 5g\ eGg] gf/fo0f yfkfsf];fIfL k|sfz v8\sfn] u/]sf] jskq .

d}n] kr+sGof ;xsf/L ;+:yfdf hDdfu/]dWo] e'QmfgL lnO{ afFsL /x]sf] /sd ?=@)#).–sf]–sf] ldnL 7uL u/] d]/f] /sd 7uL ePsf] 5egL d}of+ dxh{gn] u/]sf] jskq .

/fh' If]qLn] ?=!^,))).–, /Tgaxfb'/dxh{gn] ?=#&,&)).–, d]/f] / >LdtLsf] vftfdfhDdf u/]sf] ? !^,*)).–, k|]d nfdfsf] k+rsGofjrt tyf C0f ;xsf/L ;+:yfdf czf]ss'df/kf7s, gf/fo0f yfkf, ;fg'efO{ v8\sf;d]tn] 7uLu/L vfPsf x'g egL /fh' If]qL, /Tgaxfb'/, dxh{g,k|]d nfdf ;d]tn] cbfntdf u/]sf] jskq .

cfkm\gf] 3/ nlntk'/ kmfOgfG;df lwtf]/fvL ?=!,&%,))).– lnO{ k+rsGof jrt tyfC0f ;xsf/L ;+:yfdf nufgL ug]{ pQm ;+:yfsfpkfWoIf / sf]iffWoIf gf/fo0f yfkfn] ;+:yfsf]nflu df]6/ ;fOsn lsGg] 3/ agfpg] h:tfef}lts ;+/rgfx¿ hf]8\g] lyPgg\ . t;y{ k|ltjfbLgf/fo0f yfkfn] hfx]/jfnfx¿sf] ?k}of 7uL u/]sf]5}g eGg] k|ltjfbL gf/fo0f yfkfsf] ;fIfL sNof0fyfkfn] u/]sf] jskq .

/]0f' dxh{gn] ?=!*,(!).–, pQd gsdL{n]?=!),&$).– k+rsGof jrt tyf C0f ;xsf/L;+:yfdf hDdf u/]sf] /sd ;fGgfgL eGg] ;d]tsfdflg;x¿n] 7uL vfPsf x'g eGg] /]0f' dxh{g,pQd gsdL{ ;d]tn] u/]sf] jskq .

d]/f] k+rsGof ;xsf/Ldf /x]sf] vftfdfxh'/cfdfn] slt /sd hDdf u/L lbg' eof]yfxf+ 5}g . xh'/cfdfn] hDdf u/]sf] ?k}of 7uLeP ;DaGwdf xh'/cfdfn] jsLnnfO{ egL tof/u/]sf] hfx]/L xf] egL /]zd dhx{gn] u/]sf]jskq .

d}n] k+rsGof ;xsf/Ldf ?=#%)).– hlt/sd hDdf u/]h:tf] nfU5 pQm /sd ;+:yfsfgjLgnufotsf k|ltjfbLx¿n] 7uL u/]sf x'g egLwgsk'/ dxh{gn] u/]sf] jskq .

k+rsGof jrt tyf C0f ;xsf/L ;+:yfdfjf;'b]j dxh{g / ;fOnf dxh{gn] ?=!!,%)).–,e/t /]UdLn] ?=!*,#)).–, jfn s'df/L dfgGw/n]?=*)().–, /fdKof/L dxh{gn] ?=^))).–, /ldtfdxh{gn] ?= ^(%).–, rGb|axfb'/ dxh{gn] ?=@!^)).–, wgdfof dxh{gn] ?=!*)).–, ;'h]{dfofdxh{gn] ?=!),))).–, s'df/ vqLn] ?=@^,)&&.–, cfOtdfg dxh{gn] ?=^^,))).–, /fhs'df/ If]qLn]? (@,))).–, g]d dxh{gn] ?=!),))).–, gfgLafa'dxh{gn] ? !^)).– hDdf u/]sf] ?k}of lkmtf{glbO{ pQm ;+:yfsf czf]ss'df/ kf7s, gf/fo0fyfkf ;fg'efO{ v8\sf;d]tsf k|ltjfbLx¿n] 7uLvfPsf x'g egL hfx]/jfnf jf;'b]j dxh{g,rGb|axfb'/ dxh{g, e/t /]UdL, afns'df/LdfgGw/, /fdKof/L dxh{g, /ldtf dxh{g,rGb|axfb'/ dxh{g, wgdfof dxh{g, ;'h]{ dfofdxh{g, s'df/ vqL, cfOtdfg dxh{g, /fh s'df/If]qL, g]d dxh{g / gfgLafa' dxh{g ;d]tn] Pscfk;df u/]sf] 5'§f5'§} jskq .

k|ltjfbLx¿n] w]/} Jofh lbg] egL e|dhfndf kf/L jrtstf{x¿nfO{ cfkm"n] ;~rfngu/]sf ] k+rsGof jrt tyf C0f ;xsf/L; + :y fd f ?k }o f hDd f ug { nu fO {hfx]/jfnf;lxtsf jrtstf{x¿nfO{ lkmtf{ glbO{;+:yf g} aGb u/L efuL d'n'sL P]g 7uLsf]dxnsf] ! g+= ljk/Ltsf] s;"/ k|ltjfbLx¿n]u/]sf] 7x5{ . ;f] 7xgf{n] k|ltjfbLx¿nfO{ hgxLs } b j i f { ! -Ps_ / h/ Lj fg f ?k }o f?=!,@^!,%)^.– -afx| nfv Ps;¶L xhf/ kfFr;o 5 ?k}of_ h/Ljfgf s}b x'g] 7x5{ eGg];d]t Joxf]/fsf] z'? nlntk'/ lhNnf cbfntsf]ldlt @)^).@.!@.@ sf] km};nf .


591591591591591


z'? lhNnf cbfntn] dnfO{ s;"/bf/7x¥ofO{ ;hfo ug]{ u/]sf] km};nfdf lrQ a'em]gz'?sf] km};nf pN6L u/L cleof]u bfjLaf6 ;kmfOkfpmF eGg] k|ltjfbL gf/fo0f yfkfsf] k'g/fj]bgcbfnt kf6gdf k/]sf] k'g/fj]bg kq .

z'? lhNnf cbfntn] dnfO{ s;"/bf/7x¥ofO{ ;hfo ug]{ u/]sf] km};nfdf lrQ a'em]g .d]/f] k|df0fsf] plrt d"NofÍg gu/L ;hfo ug]{u/]sf] z'?sf] km};nf sfg"gL q'l6k"0f{ x'Fbf ;f] km};nfpN6L u/L cleof]u bfjLaf6 ;kmfO kfpmF eGg]k|ltjfbL czf]ss'df/ kf7ssf] k'g/fj]bg cbfntkf6gdf k/]sf] k'g/fj]bg kq .

z'? lhNnf cbfntn] dnfO{ s;"/bf/7x¥ofO{ ;hfo ug]{ u/]sf] z'?sf] km};nfdf lrQa'em]g . k|:t't d'2f 7uLsf] kl/efiffleq gk/]sf]dfjfbL bfjL g} vf/]h ug'{kg]{df d]/f] k|df0fx¿sf]plrt d"NofÍg gu/L ;hfo ug]{ u/]sf] z'?sf]km};nf pN6L u/L cleof]u bfjLaf6 ;kmfO kfpmFeGg] k|ltjfbL ;fgf]efO{ v8\sfsf] k'g/fj]bgcbfnt kf6gdf k/]sf] k'g/fj]bg kq .

o;df ;xsf/L P]g, @)$* cGtu{t btf{ePsf] ;+:yfn] u/]sf] j}lÍª sf/f]jf/sf] ljifod'n'sL P]g, 7uLsf] ! g+= sf] kl/efiffleq kg]{ gkg]{eGg] sfg"gL JofVofsf] k|Zgdf z'?sf] km};nfljrf/0fLo x'Fbf 5nkmnsf] nflu c=a+= @)@ g+=adf]lhd ljkIfL lemsfO{ cfPkl5 lgodfg';f/ k]zug'{ eGg] o; cbfntsf] cfb]z .

lhNnf ;xsf/L sfof{no nlntk'/df b=g+=!&.)%%.)%^ ldlt @)%%.&.!* df btf{ ePsf]kGrsGof art tyf C0f ;xsf/L ;+:yf lnld6]8n]hfx]/jfnfx¿af6 art ;+sng u/L, artstf{n]dfu]sf] Dofbleqdf jrt /sd lkmtf{ glbO{sfof{no g} aGb u/]sf], hfx]/jfnfx¿n] 7uL u/]egL ls6fgL hfx]/L lbPsf], k|ltjfbLx¿n] cbfnt/ clwsf/k|fKt clwsf/L;dIf u/]sf] jofgdfhfx]/jfnfaf6 hDdf ePsf] jrt /sd C0f

nufgL u/L gp7]sf]n] dfu]sf] ;dodf e'QmfgLlbg g;sL sfof{no tf]8kmf]8 x'gaf6 arfpgsfof{no aGb u/L a;]sf] xf] egL jofg u/]sf],k|ltjfbLx¿n] cfkm\gf] jofgdf lgIf]kstf{sf] lgIf]klkmtf{ lbPsf] egL eGg g;s]sf] cj:Yffdfk|ltjfbLx¿n] d'n'sL P]g 7uLsf] ! g+= ljk/Ltsf]sfo{ u/]sf] x'Fbf lghx¿nfO{ z'? nlntk'/ lhNnfcbfntaf6 ePsf] km};nfdf k|ltjfbLx¿nfO{ljuf ]sf ] bfdf;fxLn] h/Ljfgf ug{ kg] {dflauf]adf]lhd hgxL h/Ljfgf ug]{ u/L u/]sf] km};nfs]xL pN6L x'g] 7x/fO{ k'g/fj]bg cbfnt kf6gaf6ePsf] ldlt @)^!.*.@! sf] km};nf .

k'g/fj]bg cbfntaf6 k"0f{ ¿kdf ;kmfOglbg] u/L ePsf ] km };nf ldn]sf ] 5 }g .hfx]/jfnfnfO{ ;+:yfsf] s'g} klg ;b:on]nnfO{kmsfO{ hfnkl/k+r u/L geP gu/]sf] em"7f]Joxf]/f b]vfO{ em'SofO{ e|ddf kf/L /sd hDdfug{ nufPsf] xf]Og, 5}g . hfx]/jfnfx¿n] ;+:yfsf]gLlt lgodadf]lhd tf]lsPsf] Jofh kfpg] zt{dflglZrt cjlwsf] nflu lgIf]k hDdf u/L ;s]kZrft\;+:yfn] lgodfg';f/ C0f k|jfx u/]sf] xf] . ;+:Yff/ d]/f lj/f]wL JolQmx¿n] xfd|f] jbgfdL u/fpg]p2]Zon] ;+:yfsf ;~rfnsx¿ efUg nfu] egLcgfjZos xNnf lkmhfO{ lbPsf] x' Fbf z]o/;b:ox¿ Ps} k6s cfkm\gf] ;j} lgIf]k lkmtf{ lngcfPsf]df ;j} /sd Ps} k6s lkmtf{ lbg ;lsPg ./sd lkmtf{ glbPkl5 hfx]/ jfnfx¿n] sfof{noejg;d]t tf]8kmf]8 ug]{ 8/n] s]xL ;do;Ddsfof{no aGb;Dd ul/Psf] xf] . lgIf]kstf{x¿sf]lgIf]k /sd 7Ug] p2]Zon] efu]sf] xf]Og . ;+:yfsf]lgIf]k lng] lbg] sfo{ b]jfgL bfloTjcGtu{tsf]ePsf] x'Fbf 7uLsf] ! g+=sf] sfg"gL JofVofsf]ljk/Lt x'g] u/L u/]sf] km};nf ldn]sf] 5}g .kGrsGof art tyf C0f ;xsf/L ;+:yf ljz]ifP]gcGtu{t :yflkt ePsf] sfg"gL JolQm xf] .;+:yfdf cfly{s clgoldttf;DaGwL k|Zg p7]df

592592592592592

;xsf/L P]g adf]lhd b08 h/Ljfgf ug]{ 5'§}sfg"gL Joj:yf 5 . ;+:yfsf] gfddf b]jfgLbfloTjcGtu{t d'2f rnL ;+:Yffsf] hfoh]yfaf6c;"npk/ ug{;Sg] / ;+:yfaf6 c;"npk/ x'gg;s]df ;~rfnsx¿sf] cGo ;DklQaf6c;"npk/ ug{ egL sfg"gn] Joj:Yff u/]sf] 5 .;+:yf Pj+ ;~rfnsx¿sf gfddf b]jfgL d'2frnfO{ c;"npk/ ug]{ sfg"gL dfu{ pknAw x'Fbfx'Fb};f] sfg"gL dfu{ 5f8L PsfPs ;+ljwfgåf/f k|bQkmf}hbf/L Gofo;DaGwL df}lns xs xgg\ u/LJolQmsf] j}olQms :jtGqtf ckx/0f u/L slyt7uLsf] d'2f p7fg u/L kqmL d'2f rnfPsf] /To:tf] sfg"gljk/Lt bfo/ ePsf] dfu bfjLnfO{vf/]h ug'{kg] {df vf/]h gu/L :jLsf/ u/Lh/Ljfgf;d]t ug]{ ul/u/]sf] k'g/fj]bg cbfntkf6gsf] km};nf a'em\g' kg]{ k|df0f ga'emL, ldl;n;+nUg k|Dff0fsf] plrt d"NofÍg g} gu/L ePsf]x'Fbf To:tf] km};nf pN6L u/L dnfO{ cleof]ubfaLaf6 ;kmfO lbO{ OG;fkm lbnfO{ kfpmF eGg]Joxf]/fsf] k'g/fj]bs k|ltjfbL gf/fo0f yfkfsf]tkm{af6 o; cbfntdf kg{ cfPsf] k'g/fj]bgkq .

o;df k|ltjfbLdWo]sf ;fg'efO{ v8\sfsfgfpFsf] ldlt @)^@.!@.& df tfd]n ePsf] k'g/fj]bgDofbsf] tfd]nL Joxf]/fdf lghsf] 3/ vf]htnf;ubf{ n'e' uf=lj=;=j8f g+= * df ;fgf]efO{ v8\sfeGg] JolQm b'O{ rf/ hgf ePsf]n] kQf nufpgg;s]sf] egL Ps k|lt Dofb z+vb]jL dlGb/df6f+; u/L j]kQ] tfd]n e} cbfntaf6 j]/Ltsf]b]lvFbf pQm Dofb ab/ ul/lbPsf] 5 . lgh k|ltjfbL;fgf]efO{ v8\sfn] clwsf/k|fKt clwsf/L /cbfntdf ;d]t /fdaxfb'/sf] gflt dL7f/fdv8\sfsf] 5f]/f n'e' uf=lj=;= j8f g+= * z+vb]jLrf/3/] a:g] egL jofg u/]sf] / lghn] k'g/fj]bgcbfntdf lbPsf] k'g/fj]bg kqdf ;d]t ;f]xL7]ufgf pNn]v ePsf] b]lvFbf ;fgf]efO{ v8\sfsf]

afa' afh] ;d]tsf] gfpFdf ;"rgf Dofbdf v'nfO{c=a+= !!) g+= sf] /Lt k'¥ofO{ k'gM k'g/fj]bg Dofbtfd]n ug'{ eGg] o; cbfntsf] @)^$.$.@& sf]cfb]z .

lgodadf]lhd cfhsf] b}lgs d'2f k]zL;"rLdf r9L Ohnf;;dIf k]z x'g cfPsf] k|:t'td'2fdf k'g/fj]bs k|ltjfbL gf/fo0f yfkfsf] tkm{af6j}tlgs clwjQmf 6]saxfb'/ /fjnn] k|ltjfbLsf]iffWoIf /x]sf] k~rsGof jrt tyf C0f ;xsf/L;+:yf lnld6]8 ;xsf/L P]g, @)$* adf]lhd lhNnf;xsf/L sfof{no nlntk'/df btf{ ePsf] sfg"gLdfGotf k|fKt ;+:yf xf] . ;+:Yffn] cfkm\gf]p2]Zoadf]lhd ;b:ox¿af6 lgIf]k lng] / C0fnufgL ug]{ ub{Yof] . hfx]/jfnf;d]tsf JolQmx¿n];+:yfsf] lgodadf]lhd lglZrt ;dosf] nfluk};f hDdf u/L ;s]kZrft\ ;+:yfn] cfkm";dIfk|fKt x'g cfPsf] /sd C0f nufgL u/]sf] ;dodf,;+:Yffsf] clxt lrtfpg] JolQmn] ;+:yfksx¿ k};flnO{ efUg nfu] egL unt xNnf ul/lbPsf sf/0f;a} z]o/;b:ox¿ cfkm\gf] hDdf /sd lng Ps}rf]6L cfPsf] x'Fbf ;+:yfn] /sd lbg g;s]sf] xf] .;+:yfdf tf]8kmf]8 x'g] cfz+sfn] s]xL ;dosfnflu aGb;Dd u/]sf] xf] . ;+:yf 5f]8L efu]sf]xf]Og, hfx]/jfnfx¿n] ;xsf/L ;+:yfdf hDdfu/]sf] /sd lkmtf{ dfUg hfFbf glbPdf ;+:yf /;~rfnsx¿df /xg] bfloTj eg]sf] b]jfgLbfloTjdfq xf] . z]o/ ;b:ox¿sf] ;+:yfdf hDdfePsf] /sd ;b:on] lbg g;s]df ;+:yfsf]hfoh]yfaf6 c;"npk/ x'g ;Sg] / ;+:yfsf]hfoh]yfaf6 c;"npk/ x'g g;s] ;~rfnsx¿sf]cGo ;DklQaf6 c;"npk/ x'g ;Sg] sfg"gLJoj:yf x'Fbfx'Fb} ;+ljwfgåf/f k|bQ kmf}hbf/LGofo;DaGwL df}lns xslj?4 JolQmsf] j}olQms:jtGqtf ckx/0f u/]sf] eGg] cfwf/df 7uL d'2fbfo/ u/L ;hfo ug{ ldNb}g . k'g/fj]bgcbfntaf6 7uL u/]sf] cf/f]kdf ;hfo ug]{ u/L


593593593593593


ePsf] km};nf gldn]sf] x'Fbf pN6L u/L cleof]ubfjLaf6 k"0f{ ¿kdf ;kmfO kfpg' kb{5 egL ug'{ePsf ] ax; ;d]t ; 'gL ldl;n ; +nUgsfuhftx¿sf ] cWoog u/L k 'g/fj ]bgcbfntaf6 ePsf] km};nf ldn] gldn]sf ;DaGWfdflg0f{o lbg'kg]{ x'g cfof] .

@= lg0f{otkm{ ljrf/ ubf{, k+rsGofart tyf C0f ;xsf/L ;+:yf lnld6]8 nugv]nnlntk'/df vftf vf]nL /sd hDdf ub}{ cfPsf]dfcfkm\gf] hDdf ePsf] /sd lkmtf{ dfUg hfFbf pQm;+:Yffsf cWoIf czf]ss'df/ kf7s ;d]tsf ;a};~rfnsx¿ @)%*.*.! ut ] ;j } z ]o/;b:ox¿sf] ;+:yfdf hDdf x'g cfPsf] /sde'QmfgL lbG5f} egL @)%*.%.( sf] sflGtk'/klqsfdf ;"rgf k|sflzt u/L @)%*.^.#) af6;+:yfdf tfnfaGbL u/L efuL xfdLx¿sf] ?k}of7uL u/]sf]n] lgh ;~rfnsx¿nfO{ kqmfp u/LxfdLx¿n] vftfdf hDdf u/]sf] ?k}of c;"npk/u/L lbnfO{ lbO{ sfg"gadf]lhd sf/jfxL;d]tul/kfpmF egL /fh]Gb| dxh{g;d]tn] lbPsf] hfx]/Lsf]cfwf/df cfjZos cg';Gwfg e} k|ltjfbLx¿n]/fli6«o jfl0fHo j}+s P]gcGtu{t g]kfn /fi6« j}+ssf]:jLs[lt glnO{ /fd|f] Jofh lbg] egL ;j{;fwf/0fnfO{k|nf]egdf kf/L e'mSofO{ cfkm"n] ;~rfng u/LcfPsf] k~rsGof jrt tyf C0f ;xsf/L ;+:yfdflgIf]k hDdf ug{ nufO{ hDdf ePsf] lgIf]k /sd;~rostf{n] lkmtf{ dfUbf lkmtf{ glbO{ ;+:yf g}aGb u/L d'n'sL P]g 7uLsf] ! g+= ljk/Lt s;"/u/]sf] x'Fbf ;f]xL P]gsf] $ g+= adf]lhd ;hfo u/LP]= P]gsf] & g+= adf]lhd hfx]/jfnfx¿sf] lauf]?=!@,^!,%)^. k|ltjfbLx¿af6 lbnfOe/fO{ kfpmFeGg] cleof]u dfubfjL /x]sf] b]lvof] . k|ltjfbLx?czf]ss'df/ kf7s / ;fgf]efO{ v8\sf k'g/fj]bgcbfnt kf6gn] u/]sf] km};nf pk/ k'g/fj]bggu/L lrQ a'emfO{ a;]sf]n] lghx?sf] xsdf s]xLaf]ln/xg' k/]g .

#= k'g/fj]bs k|ltjfbL gf/fo0fyfkf sf]iffWoIf /x]sf] k~rsGof art tyf C0f;xsf/L ;+:Yff, ;xsf/L P]g @)$* adf]lhdlhNnf ;xsf/L sfof{no nlntk'/df @)%%.&.!&df sfg"gadf]lhd btf{ eO{ art ;+sng / C0fk|efj ug]{ sfo{df ;+nUg /x]sf] eGg] s'/f ldl;n;+nUg /x]sf jrtst{fx¿n] k]z u/]sf] kf;a'ssf]k | lt lnlkaf6 b ] lvof ] . hfx ]/jfnfx¿sf ]hfx]/LkZrft\ k'g/fj]bsx¿af6 ;~rflntk~rsGof art tyf C0f ;xsf/L ;+:yfsf]sfof{nodf uO{ tnf;L ubf{ ;+:Yffsf] sfof{no;~rfng u/]sf] sf]7fsf] 9f]sfdf b'O{ j6f tfnfnufO{ aGb u/]sf] eGg] s'/f log} k|ltjfbL gf/fo0fyfkf;d]tsf] /f]xj/df v8f ePsf] ldl;n ;+nUg36gf:yn d'r'Nsfaf6 b]lvPsf], 36gf:yndfpkl:Yft Zofd k|hfklt;d]tsf ;j} JolQmx¿n]art hDdf ug]{ jrtstf{x¿sf] /sd lkmtf{ glbO{;+:Yff g} aGb u/L 7uL u/L efu]sf x'g eGg]xfdLx¿n] yfxf kfPsf xf}F egL n]vfO{ lbPsf]sfuhsf] /f]xj/df oL k'g/fj]bs ;d]t a;L s'g}k|ltjfb gu/L ;xL5fk u/]sf] b]lvof] .

$= k'g/fj]bs k|ltjfbL gf/fo0fyfkfn] clwsf/k|fKt clwsf/L Pj+ cbfnt;dIfpkl:yt e} ;xsf/L ;+:yf;dIf hDdf x'g cfPsf];j} art /sd ahf/df nufgL e}/x]sf] ;dodfPs} k6s ;o hgfeGbf j9L artstf {z]o/;b:ox¿ art /sd lkmtf{ lng cfO{ t'?Gt/sd lkmtf{ u/ egL ;+:yfdf 3]/fp u/]sfn] lagf;"rgf g} ;+:yf aGb u/]sf xf}F egL ;+:Yff aGbu/ ]sf ] s '/fdf ;fljtL e } jofg u/ ]sf ] ,hfx]/Ljfnfx?n] cbfntdf cfO{ cfˆgf] hfx]/LnfO{;dy{g x'g] u/L jskq u/]sf, lglZrt ;dokZrft/sd lkmtf{ ug'{kg]{ bfloTj ePsf] ;~rfns ;ldltn]cfˆgf] bfloTj k"/f gu/]sf] / lgh k|ltjfbLn]cbfnt Pj+ clwsf/k|fKt clwsf/L;dIf jofgubf { hfx ]/Ljfnx¿sf ] jrt /sd lkmtf {

594594594594594

ul/;lsPsf] 5 egL eGg g;s]sf] cj:yfdf hfx]/Lsyg / cleof]u bfjL ;To ;fFrf] g} ePsf] b]lvof] .

%= d'n'sL P]g 7uLsf] dxnsf] !g= df æs;}n] cfkm\gf] xs gk'Ug] csf{sf] xssf]rn crn wgdfn xs k'Ug]nfO{ jf h;sflhDdfdf /x]sf] 5 p;nfO{ nnfO{ kmsfO{ jf hfnkl/k~r u/L jf cfkm\gf] xs gePsf] ;DklQdfcfkm\gf] xs k'Ug] sLt]{ sfuh agfO{, lbO{ jf k]zu/L jf cfkm";Fu gePsf] s'/f cfkm";Fu 5 egLem'SofO{ jf em"7f] s'/fnfO{ ;2] xf] egL em'SofO{ jfc? h'g;'s} Joxf]/f;Fu wf]sf lbO{ unkmtdf kf/L====== lnPdf 7uL u/]sf] 7x5{Æ eGg] sfg"gL Joj:Yff/x]sf] cj:Yffdf k'g/fj]bs k|ltjfbL gf/fo0fyfkf;d]tsf k|ltjfbLx¿n] hfx]/jfnfx¿sf] /sdcfkm\gf] ;xsf/L ;+:Yffdf /fd|f] Jofh lbg] egLcfsif{0f b]vfO{ /sd hDdf ug{ nufO{ lghx¿n]dfu]sf] jvt /sd lkmtf{ glbO{ ;+:Yff g} aGb u/Llx8]sf] sfo{nfO{ jrt stf{x¿nfO{ unkmtdf kf/Lwf]sf lbPsf] xf]Og eGg sfg"gtM ldNg] cj:Yffb]lvg cfPg .

^= t;y{ k~rsGof jrt tyf C0f;xsf/L ;+:yfsf ;~rfnsdWo] gf/fo0f yfkf;d]tn] 7uLsf] ! g+= ljk/Ltsf] s;"/ ck/fwu/]sf k|dfl0ft ePsf]n] hgxL Ps ! jif{ s}b /h/Ljfgf ?=!@,^!%)^ ug]{ u/L ePsf] km};nfgldn ]sf ]n ] s ]x L pN6L eO { k 'g/fj ]bsk|ltjfbLx¿nfO{ sfod ePsf] lauf] ?=!@,^!,%)^.–sf] bfdf;fxLn] h/Ljfgf x'g] 7x/fO{ u/]sf] km};nfldn]s} b]lvFbf ;b/ x'g] 7x5{ . k'g/fj]bsk|ltjfbLsf] k'g/fj]bg lhsL/ k'Ug ;Sb}g . ldl;nlgodadf]lhd u/L a'emfO{ lbg" .

pQm /fodf d ;xdt 5' .Gof=dLgaxfb'/ /fodfemLOhnf; clws[t -pk–;lrj_M df]xg/fh e§/fO{Olt ;+jt\ @)^% ;fn r}q ( ut] /f]h ! z'ed\\

lg0f{o g+= *!@) ;fpg, @)^^

;jf]{Rr cbfnt, ;+o'Qm Ohnf;dfggLo GofofwLz >L dLgaxfb'/ /fodfemL

dfgLo GofofwLz >L k|sfz j:tL;+jt\ @)^@ ;fnsf] l/6 g+= ==@*!%

cfb]z ldltM @)^%.!!.@%.!ljifoM pTk|]if0fo'Qm k/dfb]z .

lgj]bsM kj{t lhNnf r'jf uf=lj=;= j8f g+= !a:g] s[i0fk|;fb kf}8]n

lj?4ljkIfLM k|x/L k|wfg sfof{no, gS;fn sf7df8f}+

;d]t§ k|ltjfbsk|ltjfbsk|ltjfbsk|ltjfbsk|ltjfbsf ]f ]f ]f ]f ] df}sf s'g} bfloTj axg df}sf s'g} bfloTj axg df}sf s'g} bfloTj axg df}sf s'g} bfloTj axg df}sf s'g} bfloTj axg

u/fpg' k"j{ x/]s JolQmn] kfpg' kb{5u/fpg' k"j{ x/]s JolQmn] kfpg' kb{5u/fpg' k"j{ x/]s JolQmn] kfpg' kb{5u/fpg' k"j{ x/]s JolQmn] kfpg' kb{5u/fpg' k"j{ x/]s JolQmn] kfpg' kb{5eGg] s'/fdf ljjfb x'g ;Sb}g . o;sfeGg] s'/fdf ljjfb x'g ;Sb}g . o;sfeGg] s'/fdf ljjfb x'g ;Sb}g . o;sfeGg] s'/fdf ljjfb x'g ;Sb}g . o;sfeGg] s'/fdf ljjfb x'g ;Sb}g . o;sfnflu ;hfo ug{ ] clVtof/k | fKtnflu ;hfo ug{ ] clVtof/k | fKtnflu ;hfo ug{ ] clVtof/k | fKtnflu ;hfo ug{ ] clVtof/k | fKtnflu ;hfo ug{ ] clVtof/k | fKtlgsfon] csf{ ] kIfnfO{ k|ltjfbsf]lgsfon] csf{ ] kIfnfO{ k|ltjfbsf]lgsfon] csf{ ] kIfnfO{ k|ltjfbsf]lgsfon] csf{ ] kIfnfO{ k|ltjfbsf]lgsfon] csf{ ] kIfnfO{ k|ltjfbsf]df}sf lbg Odfgbf/ k|of; u/]sf] b]lvg'df}sf lbg Odfgbf/ k|of; u/]sf] b]lvg'df}sf lbg Odfgbf/ k|of; u/]sf] b]lvg'df}sf lbg Odfgbf/ k|of; u/]sf] b]lvg'df}sf lbg Odfgbf/ k|of; u/]sf] b]lvg'kg]{ .kg]{ .kg]{ .kg]{ .kg]{ .

§ cfkm\gf lj?4 sf/jfxL rn]sf] yfxfcfkm\gf lj?4 sf/jfxL rn]sf] yfxfcfkm\gf lj?4 sf/jfxL rn]sf] yfxfcfkm\gf lj?4 sf/jfxL rn]sf] yfxfcfkm\gf lj?4 sf/jfxL rn]sf] yfxfkfPsf] kIfn] cfkm} klg hfgsf/L lng]kfPsf] kIfn] cfkm} klg hfgsf/L lng]kfPsf] kIfn] cfkm} klg hfgsf/L lng]kfPsf] kIfn] cfkm} klg hfgsf/L lng]kfPsf] kIfn] cfkm} klg hfgsf/L lng];hutf b]vfpg' kb{5 . k|ltjfbsf];hutf b]vfpg' kb{5 . k|ltjfbsf];hutf b]vfpg' kb{5 . k|ltjfbsf];hutf b]vfpg' kb{5 . k|ltjfbsf];hutf b]vfpg' kb{5 . k|ltjfbsf]df}sf 5nsk6nfO{ k|f]T;fxg ug{] jfdf}sf 5nsk6nfO{ k|f]T;fxg ug{] jfdf}sf 5nsk6nfO{ k|f]T;fxg ug{] jfdf}sf 5nsk6nfO{ k|f]T;fxg ug{] jfdf}sf 5nsk6nfO{ k|f]T;fxg ug{] jf;+/If0f ug{] l;4fGtleq gkg]{ .;+/If0f ug{] l;4fGtleq gkg]{ .;+/If0f ug{] l;4fGtleq gkg]{ .;+/If0f ug{] l;4fGtleq gkg]{ .;+/If0f ug{] l;4fGtleq gkg]{ .

-k|s/0f g+=^_lgjb]s tkm{af6M ljåfg clwjQmf >L slkn kf}8]nljkIfL tkm{af6M ljåfg ;xGofoflwjQmf >L o'j/fh

;'j]bLcjnlDjt ghL/M;Da4 sfg"gM§ k|x/L P]g, @)!@ sf] bkmf #$ sf] v08

3, #^-!_, #^-v_-!_§ k|x/L lgodfjnL, @)$( sf] %#-$_, *$

-h_ *(, *(-!_

*!@) *!@) *!@) *!@) *!@) - s[i0fk|;fb kf}8]n lj=k|x/L k|wfg sfof{no ;d]t s[i0fk|;fb kf}8]n lj=k|x/L k|wfg sfof{no ;d]t s[i0fk|;fb kf}8]n lj=k|x/L k|wfg sfof{no ;d]t s[i0fk|;fb kf}8]n lj=k|x/L k|wfg sfof{no ;d]t s[i0fk|;fb kf}8]n lj=k|x/L k|wfg sfof{no ;d]t

595595595595595


§ g]kfn clw/fHosf] ;+ljwfg, @)$& sf]wf/f !@-ª_

§ c=a+= !!)

cfb]zGof=k|sfz j:tLMGof=k|sfz j:tLMGof=k|sfz j:tLMGof=k|sfz j:tLMGof=k|sfz j:tLM g]kfn clw/fHosf]

;+ljwfg, @)$& sf] wf/f @# cGtu{t wf/f ** -@_ adf]lhd kg{ cfPsf] k|:t't l/6 lgj]bg o;}cbfntsf] clwsf/If]qleq kg]{ x'Fbf lgj]bgsf];+lIfKt tYo P+j cfb]z o; k|sf/ 5M–

lgj]bs @)%@.!@.@! df k|x/L hjfgsf]¿kdf k |x/L ;]jfdf k |j ]z u/]sf ] lyPF .@)%*.!!.!) df lktf lj/fdL e} pkrf/sf] nflu3/ hfg sfof{no k|d'v;dIf df}lvs hfgsf/Lu/fPsf] lyPF . 5f]6f] ;dosf] ljbf pknAw u/fPsf]sf/0f 3/tkm{ nfuL lktfsf] pkrf/ ubf{ub}}{ lgj]bs:jo+ lj/fdL k/F ] . :jf:Yo 7Ls ePkZrft\@)%*.!@.!@ df lrlsT;ssf] k|df0fkq;lxtsfof{nodf pkl:yt x'g hfFbf xflh/ ug{ lbOPg .d]/f]lj?4 u}/xflh/sf] sf/jfxL cufl8 a9fPsf]eGg] x'g cfPaf6 afWo e} 3/ kmls{a;+] . o:t}dfu}/xflh/ /x]sf] egL k|x/L ljz]if cbfntaf6 !%lbgsf] s}b / !% lbg a/fa/sf] tnj /sdh/Ljfgf x'g] u/L @)^).*.!$ df km};nf ePsf]/ dnfO{ ;kmfO{ k]z ug{] df}sf g} glbO{ ePsf] ;f]km};nfpk/ klZrdf~rn If]qLo k|x/L ljz]ifcbfnt kf]v/f;dIf k'g/fj]bg ubf{ lhNnf k|x/Lljz]if cbfnt :ofªhfsf] @)^).*.!$ sf] km};nfn]!% lbg s}b ug{] u/]sf] xb;Ddsf] km};nf s]xLpN6L x'g] e} tLg dlxgfsf] tnj j/fa/sf]/sd;Dd h/Ljfgf x'g] 7x/fO{ @)^@.%.@$ dfkm};nf ul/of] . lhNnf k|x/L ljz]if cbfnt:ofª\hfsf] @)^).*.!$ sf] km};nfpk/ If]qLok|x/L ljz]if cbfnt kf]v/fdf k/]sf] k'g/fj]bgsf]sf/jfxL rln/x]s} cj:yfdf If]qLo k|x/L OsfOsfof{no kf]v/fn] @)^).(.* df k|x/L P]g, @)!@

sf] bkmf #$ v08 -3_ sf] s;"/df k|x/L lgodfjnL,@)$( sf] lgod *$-h_ adf]lhd eljiodf;/sf/L gf]s/Lsf] nflu cof]Uo 7xl/g] u/L@)^).(.* af6 nfu" x'g] u/L gf]s/Laf6 x6fpg]lg0f{o ul/Psf] /x]5 . ;f] lg0f{opk/ @)^).!@.#)df klZrd If]qLo k|x/L sfof{no kf]v/fdfk'g/fj]bg k/]sf]df @)^).(.* sf] lg0f{odf lgod*$-h_ adf]lhd sf/jfxL ePsf]df lgod *$-5_ adf]lhd eljiodf ;/sf/L gf]s/Lsf] nflucof]Uo g7xl/g] u/L gf]s/Laf6 x6fpg] lg0f{o@)^@.$.!^ df ul/of] . If]qLo k|x/L OsfOsfof{non] dnfO{ ;kmfOsf] df}sf glbO{ gf]s/Laf6cjsfz lbg] u/]sf] @)^).(.* sf] lg0f{o k|fs[ltsGofosf] l;4fGt ljk/Lt 5 . lj/fdL k/L 3/df/x]sf] cj:yfdf vf]htnf; ubf{ km]nf gk/]sf],efuL lx8L st{Jo kfngf gu/L a;]sf] eGg] cfwf/lnPsf] pQm km};nf x'geGbf cufl8 g} k|x/L ljz]ifcbfnt :ofª\hfaf6 ePsf] @)^).*.!$ sf]km};nfpk/ If]qLo k|x/L ljz]if cbfntdf sf/jfxLrn]s} cj:yfdf To;sf] lsgf/f gnfUb} sf/jfxLz'? u/L @)^).(.* df If]=k|=sf kf]v/fn] gf]s/Laf6x6fpg ldNb}g . d}n] ljbf kfpg] cj:yf /xFbf/xFb} To;tkm{ ljrf/ gu/L lgod %#-$_ ljk/LtePsf] lg0f{on] lgj]bsnfO{ g]kfn clw/fHosf];+ljwfg, @)$* sf] wf/f !@ -ª_ adf]lhd k|bQxs k|rngdf cf3ft k'u]sf] x'Fbf wf/f @#÷** -@_ adf]lhd k|x/L ljz]if cbfnt :ofªhfsf]@)^).*.!$ sf] lg0f{o, If]=k|=sf= ljz]if cbfntkf]v/fsf] @)^@.%.@$ sf] lg0f{o / ;kmfOsf]df}sf;d]t glbO{ ePsf] @)^).(.* sf] If]=k|=O{=sfkf]v/fsf] lg0f{o, If]=k|=sf= kf]v/fsf] @)^@.$.!^sf] lg0f{o pTk| ]if0fsf] cfb]zåf/f ab/ u/Llgj]bsnfO{ ;fljs kbdf axfnL ug'{ eGg]k/dfb]zsf] cfb]z hf/L ul/kfpmF eGg] l/6 lgj]bg .

o;df s] s;f] ePsf] xf] < lgj]bssf]dfuadf]lhdsf] cfb]z lsg hf/L x'g gkg{] xf] <

596596596596596

af6fsf Dofbafx]s !% lbgleq lnlvt hjfkmk]z ug'{ eGg] ;"rgf ljkIfLnfO{ lbO{ lnlvt hjfkmk/]kl5 jf cjlw gf3]kl5 lgodfg';f/ k]z ug'{eGg] o; cbfntsf] @)^@.*.# sf] cfb]z .

lgj]bs k|x/L rf}sL sflnsf]6 :ofªhfdfsfo{/t /x]sf] cj:yfdf @)%*.!!.!) b]lvcfkm"v';L sfof{no 5f8L efuL uPsf] s;"/dflhNnf k |x/L ljz]if cbfnt :ofªhfaf6@)^).*.!$ df !% lbg s}b / !% lbg a/fa/sf]tnj /sd h/Ljfgf x'g] 7x5{ eGg] km};nfePadf]lhd If]=k|=O{=sf kf]v/faf6 @)^).(.* dfk|x/L lgodfjnL, @)$( sf] lgod *$-h_ adf]lhdeljiodf ;/sf/L gf]s/Lsf] lgldQ cof]Uo 7xl/g]u/L gf]s/Laf6 jvf{:t ePsf x'g\ . ;f] lg0f{opk/lgj]bssf] k'g/fj]bg k/L If]=k|=sf= kf]v/faf6 lgod(*-@_ adf]lhd If]=k|=O{=sf= sf] lg0f{o k'glj{rf/e} lgod *$-5_ adf]lhd eljiodf ;/sf/Lgf]s/Lsf] nflu cof]Uo gx7l/g] u/L gf]s/Laf6x6fpg] lg0f{o @)^@.$.!^ df ePsf] 5 . lhDd]jf/k|x/L sd{rf/L cfkm"v';L sfof{no 5f]8L km/f//x]sf] s;"/df gf]s/Laf6 x6fpg] u/L ePsf] lg0f{osfg"g;Ddt x'Fbf lgj]bg vf/]h ul/kfpFm eGg]k|x/L k|wfg sfof{nosf] tkm{af6 kg{ cfPsf] lnlvthjfkm .

lgj]bs @)%*.!!.!) b]lv sfo{/tsfof{nonfO{ s'g} ;"rgf glbO{ efuL km/f/ /x]sf]k|x/L x=x=d]= gf/fo0faxfb'/ sfsL{sf] k|ltj]bgk/]sf] lyof] . lhNnf k|x/L ljz]if cbfntaf6 lghsf]3/ b}nfdf cfkm\gf] sfof{nodf pkl:yt x'g Dofb6fF; ePsf]df Dofbleq ;kmfO k]z ug{ gcfPaf6lghsf] xsdf k|x/L P]g, @)!@ sf] bkmf #$-3_cg';f/ !% lbg s}b / !% lbgsf] tnj j/fa/sf]/sd h/Ljfgf ul/Psf] xf] . o; cbfntsf] km};nfpk/ klZrdf~rn If]qLo k|x/L ljz]if cbfntdfk'g/fj]bg kbf{ # dlxgfsf] tnj j/fj/sf]h/Ljfgfdfq u/L s}b eg] gePsf] cj:yf 5 .

;f]afx]s cGo sf/jfxL gePsf]n] lgj]bg vf/]hul/kfpmF eGg] lhNnf k|x/L ljz]if cbfnt:ofªhfsf] tkm{af6 kg{ cfPsf] lnlvt hjfkm .

lgj]bs lj/fdL k/]sf] ;DaGwdf s'g} ljbfs§f gu/L k|x/L c:ktfndf pkrf/ ul/g] Joj:yful/Psf] 5 . efuL km/f/ /x]sf x'Fbf s'g} pkrf/u/fOdfUg cfPsf] 5}g . k|x/Lsf] 8f]/ lghsf] 3/7]ufgfdf u} vf]htnf; ubf{ km]nf gk/]sf]n] c=j+=!!) g+= adf]lhd Dofb tfd]n ePsf] 5, ;kmfOsf]df}sf glbPsf] eGg ldNb}g . efuL lx8]sf]sd{rf/LnfO{ ;kmfOsf] df}sf lbO{ /xg' gkg{] eGg]k|x/L lgodfjnL, @)$( sf] lgod *(-@_-s_ df:ki6 Joj:yf 5 . lhNnf k|x/L ljz]if cbfnt;d]taf6 !% lbg s}b / !% lbg a/fa/sf] tnjh/Ljfgf eO;s]sf] 5 . To:tf] sd{rf/LnfO{ ;]jfdf/fVg pko'Qm ge} k|x/L P]g, @)!@ sf] bkmf #$-3_ sf] s;"/df lgodfjnLsf] lgod *$-h_adf]lhd o; sfof{noaf6 -If]qLo k|x/L Onfsfsfof{no_ gf]s/Laf6 jvf{:t eO{ @)^@.$.!^ dfk'g/fj]bsLo lg0f{o ePsf] 5 . ;f] lg0f{osfg"g;Ddt x'Fbf lgj]bg vf/]h ul/kfpmF eGg]tTsfn If]qLo k|x/L OsfO{ sfof{no kf]v/fsf]tkm{af6 kg{ cfPsf] lnlvt hjfkm .

afa' lj/fdL eO{ 3/ hfFbf ;d:of bzf{Ohfgsf/L glbO{ hfg ldNg] Joj:yf 5}g . ljbflnO{ a:g' kg{] dgfl;j sf/0f st}af6 hfgsf/Lx'g gcfPsf], sfof{nodf hfgsf/L gu/fO{ u}/xflh//x]sf] cj:yfdf !% lbg s}b ;hfo / !% lbga/fa/sf] tnj h/Ljfgf x'g] 7x/fPsf] lhNnfk|x/L ljz]if cbfnt :ofªhfsf] @)^).*.!$ sf]lg0f{o / To:tf sd{rf/LnfO{ ;]jfdf /fVg pko'Qmgx'g] e} efuL j]kQf x'g] sd{rf/LnfO{ lgod *(-@_s n] ;kmfOsf] df}sf lbg' gkg{] x'Fbf If]qLok|x/L OsfO sfof{no kf]v/fsf] @)^).(.* sf]lg0f{on] k|x/L P]g, @)!@ sf] bkmf #$ v08 3 sf]s;"/df lgod *$-h_ adf]lhd eljiodf ;/sf/L


597597597597597


gf]s/Lsf] lgldQ cof]Uo 7xl/g] u/L jvf{:t ul/Psf]xf] . pQm lg0f{opk/ If]qLo k|x/L sfof{no kf]v/fdfk'g/fj]bg k/L lgod *$-5_ adf]lhd eljiodf;/sf/L ;]jfsf] lgldQ cof]Uo g7xl/g] u/L@)^@.$.!^ df lg0f{o ePsf] sfg"g;Ddt 5 .lgj]bg vf/]h ul/kfpmF eGg] klZrd If]qLo k|x/Lsfof{no kf]v/fsf] tkm{af6 kg{ cfPsf] lnlvthjfkm .

o;df lgj]bsnfO{ ljefuLo sf/jfxLu/]sf] If]qLo k|x/L OsfO sfof{no kf]v/fsf] z'?kmfon / ;f] pk/ k'g/fj]bg k/]sf]] If]qLo k|x/Lsfof{no kf]v/fsf] k'g/fj]bg;DaGwL ;Ssnkmfon dxfGofoflwjQmfsf] sfof{nodfkm{t dufO{cfPkl5 lgodfg';f/ k]z ug'{ eGg] o; cbfntsf]@)^$.@.@# sf] cfb]z .

lgodadf]lhd b}lgs d'2f k]zL ;"rLdfr9L lg0f{ofy{ Ohnf;;dIf k]z x'g cfPsf] k|:t'tlgj]bgdf lgj]bstkm{af6 pkl:yt ljåfg clwjQmfslkn kf}8]nn] lgj]bssf a'af lj/fdL eO{ sfof{nok|d'vnfO{ df}lvs hfgsf/L u/fO{ 3/ uPsf /lj/fdL a'afsf] pkrf/ ubf{ub}}{ lgj]bs :jo+ lj/fdLk/L 7Ls ePkZrft\ \ sfof{nodf xflh/ x'g hfFbfxflh/ gu/fPsf] tYo ldl;naf6 b]lvG5 . u}/xflh//x] ;DaGwdf k|x/L ljz]if cbfnt :ofªhfsf]@)^).*.!$ df ePsf] km};nfpk/ k/]sf] k'g/fj]bgk|x/L ljz]if cbfntdf ljrf/fwLg /x]s} cj:yfdfIf]qLo k|x/L OsfO sfof{noaf6 @)^).(.* dflagf s'g} ;"rgf hfgsf/L glbO{ lgj]bsnfO{ efuLkm/f/ /x]sf] cf/f]kdf gf]s/Laf6 jvf{:t ug{] u/]sf]/ ;f]xL lg0f{o sfod u/]sf] k'g/fj]bg txsf]lg0f{o k|fs[lts Gofosf] l;4fGt ljk/Lt x'Fbf ab/u/L lgj]bs k'g/\axfnL x'g'kb{5 eGg] ;d]t ax;k|:t't ug'{eof] . dxfGofoflwjQmf sfof{notkm{af6pkl:yt ;xGofoflwjQmf >L o'j/fh ;'j]bLn] k|x/L;]jfdf /x]sf] lhDd]jf/ lgj]bs sfof{nodf s;}nfO{hfgsf/L gu/fO{ efu]sf] cj:yf eO{ lghsf] 3/

b}nfdf vf]htnf; ubf{ Dofb ;"rgf hf/L ubf{klg Dofbdf pkl:yt eO{ cfkm\gf] ;kmfOsf]df}sfnfO{ ;d]t k|of]u gu/L a;]sf] cj:yfdfsfg"gadf]lhd clwsf/k|fKt clwsf/Laf6 lghnfO{gf]s/Laf6 cjsfz lbg] u/L ePsf] lg0f{osfg"g;Ddt 5 . lgj]bg vf/]h x'g'kb{5 eGg];d]tsf] ax; k|:t't ug'{eof] .

pk/f]Qmadf]lhd ljåfg clwjQmfx¿sf]ax; ;d]t ;'gL lgj]bssf] dfuadf]lhdsf] cfb]zhf/L x'g] xf] xf]Og egL lg0f{o lbg'kg{] x'g cfof] .

@= lg0f{otkm{ ljrf/ ubf{, lktflj/fdL k/L lgj]bs @)%*.!!.!) df sfof{no5f8L 3/ uPsf] / lgj]bs cfkm}+ lj/fdL k/L lgsf]ePkZrft\ \ @)%*.!@.!@ df sfof{nodf xflh/x'g hfFbf xflh/ ug{ glbPsf], ;f]xL ;dodf lhNnfk|x/L ljz]if cbfntaf6 @)^).*.!$ df !% lbgs}b / !% lbg a/fa/sf] tnj h/Ljfgf x'g] u/LePsf] lg0f{opk/ If]qLo k|x/L ljz]if cbfnt;dIfk'g/fj]bg kbf{ ;f] cbfntaf6 # dlxgfsf] tnja/fa/sf] /sd h/Ljfgf x'g] @)^@.%.@$ dflg0f{o eof] . ljz]if cbfntdf sf/jfxL rn]s}cj:yfdf If ]qLo k|x/L sfof {no kf ]v/fn]@)^).(.* df gf]s/Laf6 jvf{:t ug{] lg0f{oul/Psf] / ;f] lg0f{odf lgj]bsnfO{ ;kmfO k]zug{] df}sf ;d]t lbPsf] 5}g . ;f] lg0f{opk/lgj]bssf] k'g/fj]bg kbf{ klZrdf~rn If]qLok|x/L sfof{no kf]v/faf6 @)^@.$.!^ df ;b/ul/of] . ;kmfOsf] df}sfaf6 jl~rt u/L k|fs[ltsGofosf] l;4fGt ljk/Lt ePsf] k|x/L ljz]if cbfntPj+ klZrdf~rn If]qLo k|x/L OsfO sfof{nokf]v/f / If]qLo k|x/L sfof{nosf lg0f{ox¿ k|x/LlgodfjnL, @)$( sf] %#-$_, g]kfn clw/fHosf];+ljwfg, @)$& sf] wf/f !@ -ª_ ;d]t k|lts"nx'Fbf ab/ u/L lgj]bsnfO{ k'g/axfnL ul/kfpmFeGg] lgj]bg /x]5 . o;sf] lnvt hjfkmdfsfof{no ;dodf sf]xL s;}nfO{ g;f]wL efuL

598598598598598

km/f/ /x]sf], vf]htnf; u/L hf/L ePsf] Dofb;d]tdf sfof{nodf pkl:yt gePsf] cj:yfdfclwsf/k|fKt clwsf/Laf6 gf]s/Laf6 x6fOPsf]sfg"g;Ddt x'Fbf lgj]bg vf/]h ul/kfpmF eGg]/x]sf] b]lvof] .

#= lgj]bs @)%*.!!.!) b]lvsfof{nodf cg'kl:yt /x]sf] eGg] ljifodf ljjfbePg . lhNnf k|x/L sfof{no :ofªhf dftxtk|x/L rf}sL sflnsf]6 :ofªhf b/jGbLdf /x]sflgj]bs s[i0fk|;fb kf}8]n @)%*.!!.!) ut]ljxfgb]lv g} sf]xL s;}nfO{ hfgsf/L glbO{ lghsf]v';Ldf nfOg Jof/]s 5f]8L efuL lx8]sf]n] cfjZossf/jfxL u/L kfpg k|x/L xjNbf/ -x=d]=_gf/fo0faxfb'/ sfsL{sf] @)%*.!!.!! sf] k|ltj]bgb]lvG5 . lgj]bssf] 3/ 7]ufgfdf /x]sf] lhNnfk|x/L sfof{no kj{t;d]tnfO{ lgj]bsnfO{ b/jGbLePsf] sfof{nodf xflh/ x'g hfg], ;"rgf hf/LePsf] ldltn] af6fsf Dofbafx]s @$ 306fleqpkl:yt x'g] Dofb hf/L ug{] / km]nf gk/] c=j+=!!) g+= adf]lhd Dofb ;"rgf hf/L ug{] eGg]ldl;n ;+nUg qm=;+= !!*^ sf] k|x/L ;+rf/af6b]lvG5 . lgj]bssf] 3/ 7]ufgfdf vf]htnf; ubf{km]nf gk/]sf] x'Fbf af6f]sf] Dofbafx]s @$ 306fleq;DalGwt b/jGbLdf xflh/ x'g hfg] Joxf]/f v'nfO{lgj]bssf] 3/ b}nfdf kj{t lhNnf r'jf uf=lj=;=j8f g+= ! sf j8fWoIfsf] /f]xj/df Dofb tfd]nu/]sf] @)%*.!!.@% sf] ldl;n ;+nUg d'r'Nsfaf6b]lvof] . sfof{no ;dodf s;}nfO{ hfgsf/L glbO{cfkm"v';L nfOg Jof/]s 5f]8L efu]sf] / vf]htnf;ubf{ ;d]t km]nf gk/]sf]n] cfjZos sf/jfxL u/Lkfpg lhNnf k|x/L sfof{no :ofªhf;dIf k|x/Llg/LIfs ch'{gs'df/ >]i7sf] @)%*.!@.@$ sf]k|ltj]bg b]lvG5 . lhNnf k|x/L ljz]if cbfnt:ofªhfaf6 lgj]bssf gfddf hf/L ePsf]@)%(.*.* sf] !% lbg] Dofb ;"rgfadf]lhdsf]Dofbleq lgj]bs k|x/L ljz]if cbfnt;dIf

pkl:yt ePsf] b]lvFb}g . lgj]bsnfO{ lghsf] 3/7]ufgfdf k6s–k6s Dofb tfd]n x'Fbf ;d]tpkl:yt gePsf] cj:yfdf lgj]bsnfO{ k|x/L P]g,@)!@ sf] bkmf #$ sf] v08 3 sf] s;"/df !%lbg s}b / !% lbg a/fa/sf] tnj h/Ljfgf x'g]7x/fO{ @)^).*.!$ df lhNnf k|x/L ljz]if cbfnt:ofªhfaf6 lg0f{o ePsf] b]lvG5 . k|x/L P]g, @)!@sf] bkmf #^-!_ n], æo; kl/R5]b\ cGtu{t;hfox'g] s;"/;DaGwL d'2fsf] z'? sf/jfxL / lsgf/fug{ b]xfosf bhf{sf k|x/L sd{rf/Lsf] ;DaGwdfb]xfosf] k|x/L ljz]if cbfnt u7g x'g]5Æ eGg]Joj:yf u/L P]= -s_ df æk|x/L hjfgb]lv k|x/L;xfos lg/LIfs;Ddsf] nflu lhNnf k|x/L ljz]ifcbfntÆ eGg] Joj:yf u/]sf] b]lvG5 . P]= bkmf#^-v_-!_ df bkmf #^ adf]lhdsf] k|x/L ljz]ifcbfntn] u/]sf] lg0f{odf lrQ ga'em\g] JolQmn]Ps tx dflysf] k|x/L ljz]if cbfntdf #% lbgleqk'g/fj]bg ug{;Sg]5 eGg] Joj:yf u/]sf] b]lvG5 .

$= k|:t't ljjfbdf lhNnf k|x/Lljz]if cbfntn] @)^).*.!$ df lgj]bsnfO{ !%lbg s}b / !% lbg a/fa/sf] tnj h/Ljfgf ug]{lg0f{o ug'{ k"j{ lghsf] gfddf k|x/L ljz]ifcbfnt;dIf pkl:yt x'g k6s–k6s hf/L ePsf]Dofbdf pkl:yt gePkl5 k|x/L ljz]if cbfnt:ofªhfaf6 @)^).*.!$ df ePsf] km};nfsf]cfjZos nut s;L c;"n ug{ lhNnf k|x/L OsfOsfof{no :ofªhf ;d]tdf hfgsf/L lbPsf]b]lvG5 . ;f] km};nfkZrft\ k|x/L sd{rf/L eP/k|x/L P]g, @)!@ cg';f/sf] s;"/df s;"/bf/7x/L s}b ;hfo;d]t kfPsf] x'Fbf lghnfO{;+u7gdf /fvL /fVg pko'Qm gx'g] x'Fbf gf]s/Laf6jvf{:t ug{]tkm{ cfjZos sf/jfxL u/L lbg] eGg]lhNnf k|x/L sfof{no :ofªhfsf] @)^).*.@! sf]kq ;d]tsf cfwf/df k|x/L P]g, @)!@ sf] bkmf#$-3_ sf] s;"/df k|x/L lgodfjnL, @)$( sf]lgod *$ -h_ adf]lhd eljiodf ;/sf/L


599599599599599


gf]s/Lsf] lgldQ cof]Uo 7xl/g] u/L @)^).(.*df If]qLo k|x/L OsfO{ sfof{no kf]v/faf6 lg0f{oePsf] b]lvG5 . k|x/L ljz]if cbfnt :ofªhfsf]@)^).*.!$ sf] lg0f{opk/ eg] @)^).!@.#) dfdfq If]qLo k|x/L ljz]if cbfnt kf]v/fdf k'g/fj]bgk/]sf] / ;f]xL lbg If]qLo k|x/L OsfO sfof{nokf ]v/fsf ] @)^).(.* sf ] lg0f {opk/dxflg/LIfs;dIf k'g/fj]bg k/]sf] b]lvG5 . k|x/LP]g, @)!@ sf] bkmf #^-v_ adf]lhd z'? k|x/Lljz]if cbfntn] u/]sf] lg0f{opk/ #% lbgleqIf]qLo k|x/L ljz]if cbfnt;dIf k'g/fj]bg gk/Llgj]bssf] b/jGbL /x]sf] sfof{nodf ;d]t lgj]bscg'kl:yt /x]sf cj:yfdf If]qLo k|x/L OsfOsfof{no kf]v/faf6 lgj]bsnfO{ k|x/L P]g, @)!@sf] bkmf #$ v08 3 sf] s;"/df k|x/L lgodfjnL,@)$( sf] lgod *$-h_ cg';f/ gf]s/Laf6@)^).(.* b]lv nfu" x'g] u/L cjsfz lbPsf]b]lvof] . ;f] lg0f{opk/ lgj]bssf] klZrd If]qLok|x/L sfof{no, k|x/L gfoj lg/LIfs;dIfk'g/fj]bg kbf{ k|x/L lgodfjnL, @)$( sf] lgod*$-^_ adf]lhd eljiodf ;/sf/L gf]s/Lsf]lgldQ cof]Uo g7xl/g] u/L @)^@.$.!^ df lg0f{oePsf] b]lvof] .

%= a'af lj/fdL k/]sf] egL sfof{no5f]8L uPsf lgj]bssf] gfddf k|x/L ljz]ifcbfnt;dIf lghsf] d'2f btf{ x'g'k"j{ @)%*.!!.@%df / k|x/L ljz]if cbfnt ;d]taf6 @)%(.*.*df lghsf] 3/ b}nfdf /Ltk"j{s Dofb tfd]n x'FbfDofbleq lgj]bs sfof{no Pj+ k|x/L ljz]ifcbfnt;dIf pkl:yt eO{ cfkm\gf] egfO g/fvLDofb u'hf/L k|x/L ljz]if cbfntaf6 km};nf e}To;sf] sfof{Gjogsf] nflu If]qLo k|x/L sfof{nodfkqfrf/ eO;Sbf klg ljz]if cbfntaf6 ePsf]!% lbgsf] s}baf6 k|efljt eO{ 3'dfp/f] af6f]agfO{ To;nfO{ 5Ng g} sfof{nodf pkl:ytgePsf] b]lvg cfof] . nfdf] ;do;Dd sfof{nodf

cg'kl:yt k|x/L sd{rf/LnfO{ vf]htnf; ubf{ ;d]tkm]nf gkbf{ To:tf] efuL lx8\g] k|x/L sd{rf/LnfO{;kmfOsf] df}sf glbO{ gf]s/Laf6 cjsfz lbg;lsg] k|x/L lgodfjnL, @)$( sf] lgod *(;d]tn] Joj:yf u/]sf] 5 . lgod *(-!_ sf]k|ltjGwfTds jfSof+z -s_ n] æefuL kQf gnfu]sf]jf c? s'g} sf/0fn] ;Dks{ :yflkt ug{ c;+ejePsf ] k |x/L sd{rf/Lsf ] ;DaGwdf o;lgodadf]lhdsf] sfo{ljlw k'¥ofpg' kg{] 5}gÆ eGg]Joj:yf ePsf] b]lvG5 .

^= k|ltjfbsf] df}sf s'g} bfloTjaxg u/fpg' k"j{ x/]s JolQmn] kfpg' kb{5 eGg]s'/fdf ljjfb x'g ;Sb}g . o;sf nflu ;hfoug{] clVtof/k|fKt lgsfon] csf{] kIfnfO{ k|ltjfbsf]df}sf lbg Odfgbf/ k|of; u/]sf] b]lvg' kb{5 .o:tf] k|of; o; ljjfbdf dfly ljj]lrtcfwf/x¿af6 ePsf] b]lvG5 . cfkm\gf lj?4sf/jfxL rn]sf] yfxf kfPsf] kIfn] cfkm} klghfgsf/L lng] ;hutf b]vfpg' kb{5 . k|ltjfbsf]df}sf 5nsk6nfO{ k|f]T;fxg ug{] jf ;+/If0f ug{]l;4fGt xf]Og . @)%* ;fnsf] sf/jfxL p7LIf]qLo k|x/L ljz]if cbfnt;d]taf6 lg0f{o ePsf]df;a} txsf ;a} lg0f{ox¿nfO{ Psd'i7 tj/n] ab/u/L dfUg ldlt @)^@.&.(.$ df cfPsf] l/6lgj]bgdf cg'lrt ljnDa u/L ;kmf xft glnO{cfPsf] ;d]t b]lvof] .

&= lgj ]bssf ] k |x/Ldxflg/LIfs;dIf k'g/fj]bg k/]sf] eGg] lgj]bss}egfO b]lvPaf6 k6s–k6s lgj]bssf] gfddfc=j+= !!) g+= adf]lhd tfd]n ePsf] Dofbdfpkl:yt gx'g] / k|x/L ljz]if cbfntn] ;kmfOsf]df}sf g} glbPsf] eGg] lgj]bssf] egfO ;fFrf]b]lvg cfPg . k|x/L ;]jfdf /x]sf lgj]bssfof{nodf s;}nfO{ hfgsf/L glbO{ sfof{nodfcg'kl:yt /x]sf] / lghsf] pkl:yltsf] nflu k6s–k6s lghsf] gfddf Dofb;d]t hf/L ePsf] / ;f]

600600600600600

*!@! *!@! *!@! *!@! *!@! - xl/s[i0f ;} +h' lj=dlGqkl/ifb\sf] sfof{no ;d]t xl/s[i0f ;} +h' lj=dlGqkl/ifb\sf] sfof{no ;d]t xl/s[i0f ;} +h' lj=dlGqkl/ifb\sf] sfof{no ;d]t xl/s[i0f ;} +h' lj=dlGqkl/ifb\sf] sfof{no ;d]t xl/s[i0f ;} +h' lj=dlGqkl/ifb\sf] sfof{no ;d]t

Dofbdf pkl:yt ePsf] gb]lvPsf] cj:yf ePaf6lgj]bsnfO{ eljiodf ;/sf/L gf]s/Ldf ;fdfGotMcof]Uo g7xl/g] u/L cjsfz lbg] u/]sf] lg0f{osfg"g;Ddt b]lvFbf ab/ ug'{ k/]g . k|:t't lgj]bgvf/]h x'g] 7x5{ . ldl;n lgodfg';f/ u/L a'emfO{lbg" .pQm /fodf d ;xdt 5' .Gof=dLgaxfb'/ /fodfemLOlt ;+at\ @)^% ;fn kmfNu'0f @% ut] /f]h ! z'ed\\ ==

Ohnf; clws[tM sljk|;fb Gof}kfg]

lg0f{o g+= *!@! ;fpg, @)^^

;jf]{Rr cbfnt ;+o'Qm Ohnf;dfggLo GofofwLz >L cg"k/fh zdf{

dfggLo GofofwLz >L tflx/ cnL cG;f/L;+jt\ @)^# ;fnsf] l/6 g+=====)&^%

cfb]z ldltM @)^^.@.%.# ljifoM– pTk|]if0f k|ltif]w .lgj]bsM sfe|]knf~rf]s lhNnf, kgf}tL g=kf= j8f

g+= % 3/ e} xfn jg tyf e"–;+/If0fdGqfno, jg:ktL ljefu, yfkfynLsf]dxflgb{]zs kbdf sfo{/t xl/s[i0f ;}+h'

lj?4ljkIfL M g ]kfn ;/sf/, k |wfgdGqL tyf

dlGqkl/ifb\sf] sfof{no ;d]t

§ h'g j9 'j f ;ldltsf ]h 'g j9 'j f ;ldltsf ]h 'g j9 'j f ;ldltsf ]h 'g j9 'j f ;ldltsf ]h 'g j9 'j f ;ldltsf ]l;kmfl/zadf ] lhd lgo' lQm kfPsfl;kmfl/zadf ] lhd lgo' lQm kfPsfl;kmfl/zadf ] lhd lgo' lQm kfPsfl;kmfl/zadf ] lhd lgo' lQm kfPsfl;kmfl/zadf ] lhd lgo' lQm kfPsfx'g\, ;f] j9'jf ;ldltsf] l;kmfl/zx'g\, ;f] j9'jf ;ldltsf] l;kmfl/zx'g\, ;f] j9'jf ;ldltsf] l;kmfl/zx'g\, ;f] j9'jf ;ldltsf] l;kmfl/zx'g\, ;f] j9'jf ;ldltsf] l;kmfl/zab/ eO { csf { ] Jo lQmn ] j9 'j fab/ eO { csf { ] Jo lQmn ] j9 'j fab/ eO { csf { ] Jo lQmn ] j9 'j fab/ eO { csf { ] Jo lQmn ] j9 'j fab/ eO { csf { ] Jo lQmn ] j9 'j fkfO;s]sf ] cj:yfdf d}n ] kfPsf ]kfO;s]sf ] cj:yfdf d}n ] kfPsf ]kfO;s]sf ] cj:yfdf d}n ] kfPsf ]kfO;s]sf ] cj:yfdf d}n ] kfPsf ]kfO;s]sf ] cj:yfdf d}n ] kfPsf ]lgo'lQmnfO{ ab/ geg]sf] x'Fbf sfod}lgo'lQmnfO{ ab/ geg]sf] x'Fbf sfod}lgo'lQmnfO{ ab/ geg]sf] x'Fbf sfod}lgo'lQmnfO{ ab/ geg]sf] x'Fbf sfod}lgo'lQmnfO{ ab/ geg]sf] x'Fbf sfod}5 egL lnPsf] lgj]bg bfjL ts{;+ut5 egL lnPsf] lgj]bg bfjL ts{;+ut5 egL lnPsf] lgj]bg bfjL ts{;+ut5 egL lnPsf] lgj]bg bfjL ts{;+ut5 egL lnPsf] lgj]bg bfjL ts{;+ut/ cf}lrTotfk"0f{ gb]lvg] ./ cf}lrTotfk"0f{ gb]lvg] ./ cf}lrTotfk"0f{ gb]lvg] ./ cf}lrTotfk"0f{ gb]lvg] ./ cf}lrTotfk"0f{ gb]lvg] .

-k|s/0f g+=#_

§ j9 'j f ePsf ] kbdf j9 'j f ab/j9 'j f ePsf ] kbdf j9 'j f ab/j9 'j f ePsf ] kbdf j9 'j f ab/j9 'j f ePsf ] kbdf j9 'j f ab/j9 'j f ePsf ] kbdf j9 'j f ab/x' 'g 'eGbf klxn] kfPsf ] lgo'lQmsf ]x ' 'g 'eGbf klxn] kfPsf ] lgo'lQmsf ]x ' 'g 'eGbf klxn] kfPsf ] lgo'lQmsf ]x ' 'g 'eGbf klxn] kfPsf ] lgo'lQmsf ]x ' 'g 'eGbf klxn] kfPsf ] lgo'lQmsf ]cfwf/df kbdf axfn /x]s} sf/0fn]cfwf/df kbdf axfn /x]s} sf/0fn]cfwf/df kbdf axfn /x]s} sf/0fn]cfwf/df kbdf axfn /x]s} sf/0fn]cfwf/df kbdf axfn /x]s} sf/0fn]dfq lghsf ] j9 'jf ePsf ] kbdfdfq lghsf ] j9 'jf ePsf ] kbdfdfq lghsf ] j9 'jf ePsf ] kbdfdfq lghsf ] j9 'jf ePsf ] kbdfdfq lghsf ] j9 'jf ePsf ] kbdfkbflwsf/ sfod 5 eGg ;lsg]kbflwsf/ sfod 5 eGg ;lsg]kbflwsf/ sfod 5 eGg ;lsg]kbflwsf/ sfod 5 eGg ;lsg]kbflwsf/ sfod 5 eGg ;lsg]cj:yf b]lvg gcfpg] .cj:yf b]lvg gcfpg] .cj:yf b]lvg gcfpg] .cj:yf b]lvg gcfpg] .cj:yf b]lvg gcfpg] .

§ l;kmfl/zl;kmfl/zl;kmfl/zl;kmfl/zl;kmfl/z j9'jf g} ab/ eO{ lj:yflktj9'jf g} ab/ eO{ lj:yflktj9'jf g} ab/ eO{ lj:yflktj9'jf g} ab/ eO{ lj:yflktj9'jf g} ab/ eO{ lj:yflktePsf ] l:yltdf To;/L lj:yflktePsf ] l:yltdf To;/L lj:yflktePsf ] l:yltdf To;/L lj:yflktePsf ] l:yltdf To;/L lj:yflktePsf ] l:yltdf To;/L lj:yflktePsf sd{rf/Lx¿n] klxn] kfPsf]ePsf sd{rf/Lx¿n] klxn] kfPsf]ePsf sd{rf/Lx¿n] klxn] kfPsf]ePsf sd{rf/Lx¿n] klxn] kfPsf]ePsf sd{rf/Lx¿n] klxn] kfPsf]lgo'lQmnfO{ sfod} /fVb} vfnL kblgo'lQmnfO{ sfod} /fVb} vfnL kblgo'lQmnfO{ sfod} /fVb} vfnL kblgo'lQmnfO{ sfod} /fVb} vfnL kblgo'lQmnfO{ sfod} /fVb} vfnL kb/ ljz]if kb l;h{gf u/L kb ldnfg/ ljz]if kb l;h{gf u/L kb ldnfg/ ljz]if kb l;h{gf u/L kb ldnfg/ ljz]if kb l;h{gf u/L kb ldnfg/ ljz]if kb l;h{gf u/L kb ldnfgub{ } hfg] xf ] eg] j9'jf ;ldltn]ub{ } hfg] xf ] eg] j9'jf ;ldltn]ub{ } hfg] xf ] eg] j9'jf ;ldltn]ub{ } hfg] xf ] eg] j9'jf ;ldltn]ub{ } hfg] xf ] eg] j9'jf ;ldltn]cfkm \gf ] uNtL ;'wf/ ug{ ] cj;/cfkm \gf ] uNtL ;'wf/ ug{ ] cj;/cfkm \gf ] uNtL ;'wf/ ug{ ] cj;/cfkm \gf ] uNtL ;'wf/ ug{ ] cj;/cfkm \gf ] uNtL ;'wf/ ug{ ] cj;/gkfpg ] / cbfntaf6 ePsf ]gkfpg ] / cbfntaf6 ePsf ]gkfpg ] / cbfntaf6 ePsf ]gkfpg ] / cbfntaf6 ePsf ]gkfpg ] / cbfntaf6 ePsf ]km};nf;d]t lgliqmo x'g] e} cbfntkm};nf;d]t lgliqmo x'g] e} cbfntkm};nf;d]t lgliqmo x'g] e} cbfntkm};nf;d]t lgliqmo x'g] e} cbfntkm};nf;d]t lgliqmo x'g] e} cbfntk | ltsf ] cf:yf 36 \g 'sf ] ;fy }k | ltsf ] cf:yf 36 \g 'sf ] ;fy }k | ltsf ] cf:yf 36 \g 'sf ] ;fy }k | ltsf ] cf:yf 36 \g 'sf ] ;fy }k | ltsf ] cf:yf 36 \g 'sf ] ;fy }sfg"gadf]lhd j9'jf x'g] / kfpg]sfg"gadf]lhd j9'jf x'g] / kfpg]sfg"gadf]lhd j9'jf x'g] / kfpg]sfg"gadf]lhd j9'jf x'g] / kfpg]sfg"gadf]lhd j9'jf x'g] / kfpg]Joj:yf g} k/fhLt x'g hfg] x' FbfJoj:yf g} k/fhLt x'g hfg] x' FbfJoj:yf g} k/fhLt x'g hfg] x' FbfJoj:yf g} k/fhLt x'g hfg] x' FbfJoj:yf g} k/fhLt x'g hfg] x' FbfPp6f kbsf nflu ePsf] lj1fkgdfPp6f kbsf nflu ePsf] lj1fkgdfPp6f kbsf nflu ePsf] lj1fkgdfPp6f kbsf nflu ePsf] lj1fkgdfPp6f kbsf nflu ePsf] lj1fkgdfPseGbf j9L JolQmnfO { h 'g;'s }PseGbf j9L JolQmnfO { h 'g;'s }PseGbf j9L JolQmnfO { h 'g;'s }PseGbf j9L JolQmnfO { h 'g;'s }PseGbf j9L JolQmnfO { h 'g;'s }axfgf agfO{ j9'jf ug{ gldNg] .axfgf agfO{ j9'jf ug{ gldNg] .axfgf agfO{ j9'jf ug{ gldNg] .axfgf agfO{ j9'jf ug{ gldNg] .axfgf agfO{ j9'jf ug{ gldNg] .

-k|s/0f g+=$_

lgj]bs tkm{af6M ljåfg jl/i7 clwjQmf >Lab|Laxfb'/ sfsL{ / ljåfg clwjQmf >Lz/bk|;fb sf]O/fnf

ljkIfL tkm{af6M ljåfg ;xGofoflwjQmf >L/fh]Gb|s'df/ kf]v/]n

cjnlDjt ghL/M @)^! ;fnsf] l/6 g+= #%*&;Da4 sfg"gM§ g]kfn jg ;]jf -u7g, ;d'x tyf >]0fL_ ljefhg

/ lgo'lQm lgodx?, @)%! sf] lgod (

cfb]zGof=cg"k/fh zdf{MGof=cg"k/fh zdf{MGof=cg"k/fh zdf{MGof=cg"k/fh zdf{MGof=cg"k/fh zdf{M g]kfnsf] cGtl/d

;+ljwfg, @)^# sf] wf/f #@ / !)&-@_ adf]lhd

601601601601601


o; cbfntdf bfo/ x'g cfPsf] k|:t't l/6lgj]bgsf] l6kf]6 / cfb]z o; k|sf/ 5M–

d lgj]bs g]kfn ;/sf/sf] @)#@.#.@@sf] lg0f{ofg';f/ @)#@.@.@& b]lv gf]s/L u0fgfx'g] u/L zfxL jg:ktL pBfg uf]bfj/Ldf ljljw;]jfsf] /f=k=t[= k|f= >]0fLsf] ;xfos j}1flgskbdf ;]jf k|j]z u/L sfdsfh u/L ;s]kl5@)$#.*.( sf] lg0f{ofg';f/ @)$#.#.* b]lv g]kfnjg ;]jf, jf]6gL ;d"xsf] /f=k= lå -k|f=_ kbdfj9'jf kfO{ sfo{ ul/cfPsf] lyPF . ;f]xL ;dodfnf]s;]jf cfof]usf] j9'jf ;"rgf g+= !)@.)^)–^! cGtu{t g]kfn jg ;]jf jf]6fgL ;d"x, /f=k=k|yd -k|f=_ >]0fLsf] l/Qm Ps kbsf] nflusfo{Ifdtfsf] d"NofÍgåf/f kbk"lt{ ug{ j9'jfsf];"rgf k|sflzt e} d lgj]bs;d]tn] kmf/d e/Lj9'jf k|ltof]lutfdf ;dfj]z ePsf]df j9'jf;ldltsf] ldlt @)^).!!.@^ sf] lg0f{ofg';f/ dlgj]bsn] ((=$#&% c+s k|fKt u/]sf] b]vfO{ j9'jfkfpg]df d]/f] gfd ;dfj]z u/L l;kmfl/z ePsf]df;f] l;kmfl/zpk/ lrQ ga'emL 8f= nf]s]Gb|/fhzdf{n] lghfdtL ;]jf P]g, @)$( sf] bkmf @$radf]lhd nf]s;]jf cfof]udf ph"/L lbO{ ;f]ph"/Lpk/ 5fgjLg u/L j9'jf ;ldltn] u/]sf]lg0f{o ;b/ u/L @)^!.!.!$ df lg0f{o e};s]kZrft\ g]kfn ;/sf/sf] @)^!.@.!# sf]lg0f{ofg';f/ @)^!.!.# b]lv h]i7tf sfod x'g]u/L /f=k= k|yd -k|f=_ >]0fL ;x;lrj kbdf lgo'lQmePsf]df ;f]xL ldltsf] lg0f{ofg';f/ jg:ktLljefusf] pk lgb{]zs kbdf / @)^@.!).!! sf]lg0f{ofg';f/ jg:ktL ljefusf] dxflgb{]zs kbdflhDd]jf/L kfO{ sfdsfh ul/cfPsf] ;dodf d;Fu};DefJo pDd]b\jf/ ePdWo]sf 8f=nf]]s]Gb|/fhzdf{n] ;jf{]Rr cbftn;dIf bfo/ u/]sf] @)^!;fnsf] l/6 g+= #%*& df ;jf{]Rr cbfntaf6nf]s;]jf cfof]uaf6 ePsf] @)^!.!.@$ sf] lg0f{og]kfn jg ;]jf -u7g, ;d"x tyf >]0fL_ ljefhg

/ lgo'lQm lgodx¿ @)%! sf] lgod ( sf]k|ltjGwfTds jfSof+zsf] k|lts"n b]lvFbf pTk|]if0fsf]cfb]zåf/f ab/ u/L 8f= nf]s]Gb|/fh zdf{n] dlgj]bsn] eGbf j9L c+s k|fKt u/]sf] egL j9'jfl;kmfl/z u/L lgo'lQm lbg' egL ldlt @)^#.%.@)df cfb]z ePsf] s'/f ldlt @)^#.*.!! df 8f=nf]s]Gb|/fh zdf{af6 gSsn k]z ePkl5 lghnfO{g]kfn ;/sf/ -dlGqkl/ifb\_ sf] @)^#.(.@& sf]lg0f{ofg';f/ @)^!.!.# b]lv h]i7tf sfod x'g]u/L jg tyf e";+/If0f dGqfnocGtu{t g]kfnjg ;]jf jf]6fgL ;d"x, /f=k= k|yd >]0fLsf] ;x;lrj:t/sf] kbdf lgo'lQm tyf kb:yfkgf e}cfb]z sfof{Gjog;d]t e} ;s]sf] 5 . cbfntaf6cfb]z hf/L x'Fbf d}n] kfPsf] j9'jf lgo'lQm ab/gePsf] / 8f= nf]s]Gb|/fh zdf{nfO{ g]kfn ;/sf/n]csf{] l/Qm kbdf lgo'lQm lbO{ sfdsfh ul//x]sf]cj:yfdf d lgj]bs j9'jf e} ;s]sf] JolQm ePsf]x'Fbf d]/f] lgldQ g]kfn ;/sf/ -jg tyf e"–;+/If0f dGqfno_ af6 ljz]if kb l;h{gfsf] nflu;fdfGo k|zf;g dGqfnodf n]vL k7fPsf]dfclVtof/ b'?kof]u cg';Gwfg cfof]usf] lg0f{ofg';f/ljz]if kb l;h{gf ug{ gldNg] egL yfxf hfgsf/Lk|fKt x'g cfPsf]n] ljkIfL clVtof/ b'?kof]ucg';Gwfg cfof]uaf6 ;jf{]Rr cbfntaf6 cfb]zx'Fbf ;d]t ab/ gePsf] d]/f] lgo'lQmnfO{ ldnfgug{] u/L g]kfn ;/sf/af6 l;h{gf x'g nfu]sf]ljz]if kb /f]Sg] clwsf/ ljkIfLnfO{ 5}g . o;/Lclwsf/} gePsf] lgsfosf] bjfjdf d]/f] lgo'lQmPj+ kb:yfkgf ab/ ug{] sf/jfxL rfn" ug{ yfn]sf]a'lemPsf] x'Fbf d]/f] kb:yfkg tyf lgo'lQmnfO{ab/ gug'{ egL k|ltif]wsf] cfb]z hf/L ul/kfpmF .;fy} ljkIfL clVtof/ b'?kof]u cg';Gwfg cfof]un]lj:yflkt sd{rf/LnfO{ l/Qm / ljz]if kb l;h{gfu/L j9'jf ePsf] kbdf sfod g/fVg' egL ljkIfL;fdfGo k|zf;g dGqfnonfO{ @)%(.(.! sf]kqåf/f ;'emfj lbg] / ;hu u/fpg] eGg]

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c;+j}wflgs Pj+ cgflws[t lgb{]zg jf cfb]z lbPsf]sf/0fn] g]kfn ;/sf/df cGt/\lgxLt ljz]if kbl;h{gf ug{] ;d]tsf] clwsf/ dfly u}/sfg"gL x:tIf]ku/L cfPsf] / lgj]bssf] cbfntsf] cfb]zn] ;d]tab/ gePsf] lgo'lQm Pj+ kb:yfkgf ug{] lg0f{oab/ ug{] sf/jfxL cl3 j9fPsf] eGg] j'lemgcfPsf]n] clVtof/ b'?kof]u cg';Gwfg cfof]usf]u}/sfg"gL Pj+ clwsf/If]q ljxLg cfb]z lgb{]z÷lg0f{okq ;d]t pTk|]if0fsf] cfb]zåf/f ab/ ul/kfpmF eGg];d]t Joxf]/fsf] lgj]bssf] lgj]bg kq .

o;df s] s;f] ePsf] xf] < lgj]bssf]lgj]bg dfuadf]lhdsf] cfb]z lsg hf/L x'ggkg{] xf] < of] cfb]z k|fKt ePsf ldltn] af6f]sf]Dofbafx]s !% lbgleq ;DalGwt ldl;n;fy /fvLlnlvt hjfkm k7fpg' egL ljkIfLnfO{ ;"rgfk7fO{ lnlvt hjfkm cfPkl5 jf cjlw gf3]kl5lgodadf]lhd k]z ug' { . o;df cGtl/dcfb]z;d]tsf] dfu ePsf]n] o; cbfntsf] k"j{cfb]zsf] JofVof;d]t k|Zg eO{ 5nkmn u/L ;f];DaGwdf ljrf/ ug{ pko'Qm b]lvPsf]n] 5nkmnsf]6'Ëf] gnfu];Dd lgj]bssf] xsdf lgj]bgdfplNnlvt ljifodf tTsfn x:tIf]k gu/L & lbgsf];do lbO{ cGtl/d cfb]z ;DaGwdf 5nkmnsf]nflu pkl:yt x'g' egL ljkIfLx¿nfO{ ;"rgf lbO{k]z ug'{ eGg] o; cbfnt Ps GofofwLzsf] cfb]z .

lgj]bssf] lgj]bg egfO{ ;To 5}g .;jf{]Rr cbfntsf] cfb]z sfof{Gjog ug{] qmddfg]kfn ;/sf/ dlGqkl/ifb\sf] ldlt @)^#.(.@&sf] lg0f{ofg';f/ nf]s]Gb|/fh zdf{nfO{ j9'jf u/Lkb:yfkgf ul/Psf] / g]kfn ;/sf/ dlGqkl/ifb\sf]@)^#.!!.@! sf] lg0f{oadf]lhd tTsfn ul/Psf]ljkIfLsf] j9'jf ab/ u/fO{ cbfntsf] cfb]zsf]cIf/;M kfng ug{] sfd ljlwjt ;DkGg eO;s]sf]5 . o;/L clwsf/} :yflkt gePsf] ljifodf l/6If]q cfslif{t x'g ;Sb}g . lghfdtL sd{rf/Lsf]kbk"lt{sf] nflu 5gf}6 u/L lgo'lQmsf] nflu l;kmfl/z

ug{] clwsf/ Pj+ lhDd]jf/L k|fKt u/]sf] nf]s;]jfcfof]usf] lghnfO{ l;kmfl/z u/]sf] lg0f{o ab/ e};s]kl5 lgh a9'jf ePsf] kbdf axfn /x]s}sf/0fn] dfq ;f] kbdf lghnfO{ j9'jf u/Lkb:yfkg ug'{kg]{{] dfu sfg"g;Ddt 5}g . lagfsfg"gL cfwf/ bfo/ ePsf] lgj]bg vf/]h ul/kfpmFeGg] Joxf]/fsf] g]kfn ;/sf/ k|wfgdGqL tyfdlGqkl/ifb\sf] sfof{nosf] tkm{af6 k|fKt x'g cfPsf]lnlvt hjfkm .

;jf{ ]Rr cbfntsf] @)^#.%.@) sf]cfb]zfg';f/ lgj]bsnfO{ j9'jf lbg] u/L u/]sf]lg0f{o ab/ e} 8f= nf]s]Gb|/fh zdf{nfO{ l;kmfl/zug'{ egL hf/L ePsf] cfb]zfg';f/ lgj]bsn] g]kfn;/sf/sf] @)^!.@.!@ sf] lg0f{ofg';f/ /f=k= k|yd>]0fLdf kfPsf] j9'jf lgo'lQm g]kfn ;/sf/sf]@)^#.!!.!! sf] lg0f{ofg';f/ @)^#.!).$ b]lv nfu"x'g] u/L ab/ ul/Psf] xf] . j9'jf ;ldltn] lgj]bglhsL/ adf]lhdsf] s'g} sfg"gL Pj+ ;+j}wflgsxs xgg\ gu/L s]jn P]g lgodsf] kl/lwleq /xLcfkm\gf] e"ldsf lgjf{x u/]sf];Dd xf] . o;;lrjfnoaf6 lghsf] s'g} xsflwsf/df xgggePsf] x'Fbf lgj]bg vf/]h x'g' kb{5 egL ;fdfGok|zf;g dGqfno j9'jf ;ldltsf] tkm{af6 k|fKtx'g cfPsf] lnlvt hjfkm .

lgj]bssf] lgj]bg egfO{ lrQ a'em\bf]5}g . lgj]bsnfO{ j9'jfsf] nflu l;kmfl/z ePsf];fdfGo k|zf;g dGqfno j9'jf ;ldltsf] ldlt@)^).!!.@^ sf] j9'jf l;kmfl/z, ;f] pk/ k/]sf]ph"/L ;'gL nf]s;]jf cfof]uaf6 ePsf] lg0f{opTk|]if0fsf] cfb]zåf/f ab/ e};s] kZrft\ cfkm"n]kfPsf] j9'jf lgo'lQm ab/ ePsf] 5}g eGg] s'/fp7fpgfn] g} lgj]bssf] dfu tyf bfjL g}clglZrt b]lvG5 . lgj]bsn] cfkm\gf] lgo'lQmnfO{sfod /fvL kfpmF egL o; cfof]udf @)^#.!).!!df lbPsf] lgj]bg k|rlnt sfg"gadf]lhd h] hf]ug'{k5{ ug'{ egL ;fdfGo k|zf;g dGqfnodf n]vL


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k7fpg] egL @)^#.!).@@ df lg0f{o ePsf] x'Fbfkq;Dd n]vL k7fPsf] 5 . cGo s]xL sf/jfxLePsf] 5}g . j9'jf ePsf] sd{rf/Lsf] j9'jf ab/e} lj:yflkt ePsf] sd{rf/LnfO{ kb l;h{gf u/Lj9'jf sfod /fVb} hfg] xf] eg] j9'jfdf gfhfohkb lng] JolQm g} k'/is[t x'g hfg] ePsf]n] kqn]vL k7fPsf] xf] . sfg"gadf]lhd s] ug{ pko'Qmx'G5 Tof] ug'{ ;/sf/s} lhDd]jf/L ePsf] x'Fbfcfof]usf] kq ab/ ul//xg cfjZos 5}g . l/6lgj]bg vf/]h ul/kfpmF eGg] Joxf]/fsf] clVtof/b'?kof]u cg';Gwfg cfof]usf] tkm{af6 k|fKt x'gcfPsf] lnlvt hjfkm .

lgj]bssf] lgj]bg dfu sfg"gu:;+ut5}g . g]kfn jg ;]jf jf]6fgL ;d"x, /f=k= k|yd>]0fL -k|f=_ kbdf j9'jf ;ldltaf6 lgj]bssf]j9'jf l;kmfl/z e} g]kfn ;/sf/af6 j9'jfePsf]df ;f] j9'jf ;jf{]Rr cbfntsf] cfb]zfg';f/ab/ e} pQm kbdf 8f= nf]s]Gb|/fh zdf{sf] j9'jfe} lghn] lgo'lQm kfO;s]sf], lghsf] j9'jf sfod/fVg' eGg] ;jf{]Rr cbfntaf6 cfb]z ;d]t gePsf]cj:yfdf Pp6f ;L6sf] nflu ePsf] lj1fkgdfPseGbf j9L JolQmnfO{ j9'jf ug{ gldNg] x'Fbflghsf] j9'jf sfod /lx/xg] cj:yf cfpFb}g .cbfntsf] cfb]zfg';f/ 36'jf x'g'kg{] JolQmnfO{l/Qm kb / ljz]if kb l;h{gf u/L sfod /fVg]sfo{n] cbfntsf] lg0f{onfO{ lgik|efjL t'Nofpg]ePsf]n] To;/L l/Qm kb / ljz]if kb l;h{gf u/Lj9'jf kbdf ldnfg ug]{ sfo{ gug{ clVtof/b'?kof]u cg';Gwfg cfof]uaf6 lgb{]zg ePsf]cj:yfdf ljz]if kb l;h{gf u/L j9'jf oyfjtsfod /fVg ;lsg] cj:yf;d]t gePsf]n] l/6lgj]bg vf/]h ul/kfpmF eGg] Joxf]/fsf] ;fdfGok|zf;g dGqfnosf] tkm{af6 k|fKt x'g cfPsf]lnlvt hjfkm .

j9'jf ;ldltaf6 j9'jfsf] lg0f{o e} pQmj9'jf ;ldltsf] lg0f{opk/ cfof]udf ph"/L k/L

cfof]uaf6 lg0f{o e} ;f]xLadf]lhd /f=k= k|yd -k|f=_ >]0fLsf] kbdf j9'jf e} lgo'lQm lnO{ sfo{/t/lx/x]s} cj:yfdf s] slt sf/0faf6 o;cfof]unfO{ ljkIfL agfO{ l/6 bfo/ ul/Psf] xf] .ljkIfLn] cfkm\gf] lgj]bgdf pNn]v ug{ g;s]sf] /cbfntaf6 ePsf] lg0f{o cfb]z ;d]t sfof{Gjoge} ;s]sf] x'Fbf o; cfof]unfO{ ljkIfL agfO{ bfo/u/]sf] lgj]bg cfwf/xLg ePsf] x'Fbf vf/]h ul/kfpmFegL nf]s;]jf cfof]usf] tkm{af6 k|fKt x'g cfPsf]lnlvt hjfkm .

o;df k|:t't lgj]bg tyf log} lgj]bssf;DaGwdf o; cbfntaf6 l/6 g+= #%*& sf]pTk|]if0fo'Qm k/dfb]zsf] ljifosf] ldlt @)^#.%.@)df ePsf] lg0f{o;d]t cWoog u/L lgj]bssf]dfuadf]lhdsf] cGtl/d cfb]z hf/L ug{] k"jf{j:yfljBdfg /x]sf] gb]lvFbf cGtl/d cfb]z hf/L ug{ldn]g . ;fy} o; cbfntsf] Psn Ohnf;af6@)^#.!!.!$ df hf/L ePsf] tTsfnLg cGtl/dcfb]znfO{ ;d]t lg/Gt/tf lbO/xg k/]g eGg]Joxf]/fsf] o; cbfntsf] ;+o'Qm Ohnf;af6 hf/LePsf] cfb]z .

lgodadf]lhd cfhsf] b}lgs d'2f k]zL;'rLdf r9L Ohnf;;dIf k]z x'g cfPsf] k|:t'tlgj]bgdf lgj]bssf] tkm{af6 ljåfg jl/i7clwjQmf jb|Laxfb'/ sfsL{ ljåfg clwjQmfz/bk|;fb sf]O/fnfn] lgj]bs /f=k=k|yd -k|f=_>]0fLsf] kbdf j9'jf e} lgo'lQm kfO{ sfdsfhul/cfPsf] ;dodf ;jf{]Rr cbfntsf] @)^#.%.@)sf] km};nfadf]lhd oL lgj]bssf] eGbf 8f=nf]s]Gb|/fh zdf{sf] c+Í j9L ePsf] x'Fbf lghnf]s]Gb|/fh zdf{nfO{ a9'jf l;kmfl/z u/L lgo'lQmlbg' egL cfb]z e} ;f ]xL cfb]zadf]lhdlgo'lQm;d]t lbO{ ;lsPsf], lgj]bssf] lgo'lQm ab/x'g] egL km};nfn] geg]sf] ;fy} ;/sf/sf] tkm{af6lgo'lQm;d]t ab/ ePsf] 5}g . lgj]bsn] l/Qmg]kfn jg ;]jf jf]6fgL ;d"xsf] /f=k= k|yd >]0fLsf]

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kbdf nfdf] ;do;Dd j9'jf e} dflyNnf] kbsf]x}l;otn] sfdsfh ul/;s]sf] / j9'jf kfpg]sf]j9'jf x'gdf s'g} xft gx'g] / j9'jf lbg] JolQmsf]c;Ifdtfsf] sf/0fn] lgj]bsnfO{ dsf{ kg{ hfg'x'Fb}g .

cbfntsf] cfb]zcg';f/ nf]s]Gb|/fhzdf{nfO{ csf{] kbdf ldnfg ul/;lsPsf] 5 .lgj]bsnfO{ ;f] kbdf axfn u/fpFbf cbfntsf]cfb]znfO{ s'g} c;/ kb{}g . lgj]bsn] dflyNnf]kbdf nfdf] ;do;Dd sfdsfh ul//xg' ePsf]x'Fbf lghnfO{ pQm ;d"xsf] l/Qm /f=k=k|= -k|f=_>]0fLsf] kbdf axfn u/fpFbf s;}nfO{ dsf{ gkg{]/ o; cbfntaf6 j9'jf e} sfdsfh u/L ;s]sf]x'Fbf j9'jf ab/ gug{] u/L ljleGg l;4fGtx¿;d]t k|ltkfbg e} ;s]sf] x'Fbf lgj]bsnfO{ klg;dfg cj;/ k|bfg u/L ePsf] j9'jfnfO{ oyfjtsfod /fVbf Gofo;+ut x'g] x' Fbf lgj]bgdfuadf]lhd ul/kfpmF egL ug'{ ePsf] ax;;d]t;'lgof] .

To;} u/L ljkIfLx¿sf] tkm{af6 ;x–GofoflwjQmf /fh]Gb|s'df/ kf]v/]nn] lgj]bsxl/s[i0f ;}h'n] j9'jf ;ldltsf] ldlt @)^).!!.@==sf] a9'jf l;kmfl/z tyf ;f]pk/ j9'jf ph"/L;'gL nf]s;]jf cfof]uaf6 ePsf] @)^!.!.@$ sf]lg0f{o ;jf{]Rr cbfntsf] ldlt @)^#.%.@) sf]cfb]zåf/f ab/ e};s]sf] cj:yfdf ;f]xL lg0f{osf]cfwf/df lghn] kfPsf] j9'jf :jtM ab/ x'G5 .g]kfn ;/sf/sf] ldlt @)^#.!!.@! sf] lg0f{oaf6lgj]bsnfO{ tNnf] kbdf emfl/;lsPsf] 5 . d'2fk/]s} ;dodf csf{] lj1fkg k|sflzt e} j9'jfx'g ;Sg] JolQmsf] gfd klxn]sf] l;kmfl/zaf6x6\g] ePdf dfq To:tf] JolQmnfO{ sfod /fVg]ul/Psf] 5 . lgh j9'jf ePsf] ;|f]t g} ab/ e};s]sf]cj:yfdf lghsf] j9'jf sfod /fVg ldNb}g .j9'jf ;ldltn] h'g kbsf] nflu lj1fkg u/]sf] xf];f] lj1flkt kbdf nf]s]Gb|/fh zdf{n] j9'jf kfO{

lgo'lQm;d]t lnO;s]sf]n] pQm kb lghnfO{ lbgldNb}g . jg tyf e";+/If0f dGqfnosf] l/Qmkbdf lghnfO{ lgo'lQm lbg] xf] eg] lgh;Fu ;dfgx}l;ot /fVg] cGo JolQmx¿nfO{ dsf{ kg{ hfG5 .To;}n] lgj]bssf] lgj]bg dfu bfjL k'Ug g;Sg]ePsf] x'Fbf lgj]bg vf/]h x'g'kb{5 egL ug'{ ePsf]ax; ;d]t ;'lgof] .

k|:t't lgj]bgdf lgj]bssf] tkm{af6 ljåfgsfg"g Joj;foLx¿n] / ljkIfLx¿sf] tkm{af6pkGofoflwjQmfn] ug'{ ePsf] ax; ;d]t ;'gLlgj]bssf] lgj]bg dfuadf]lhdsf] cfb]z hf/Lx'g] gx'g] ;DaGwdf lg0f{o lbg'kg{] b]lvg cfof] .

@= lg0f{otkm{ ljrf/ ubf{, lgj]bsg]kfn ;/sf/sf] @)#@.#.@@ sf] lg0f{ofg';f/@)#@.@.@& b]lv gf]s/L u0fgf x'g] u/L zfxLjg:ktL pBfg uf]bfj/Ldf ;xfos j}1flgsclws[tsf] x}l;otn] ;]jf k|j]z u/L @)$#.*.(sf] g]kfn ;/sf/sf] lg0f{ofg';f/ ;f]xL ;]jfsf]jf]6flgsn ;d"xsf] /f=k= låtLo -k|f=_ >]0fLsf]kbdf j9'jf e} sfdsfh ul/cfO/x]s} ;dodfnf]s;]jf cfof]usf] j9'jf ;"rgf g+= !)@÷)^)–^! cGtu{t g]kfn jg ;]jf af]6fgL ;d"x /f=k=k|yd -k|f=_ >]0fLsf] l/Qm ! kb sfo{Ifdtfsf]d"NofÍgåf/f kbk"lt{ ug{ ;"rgf k|sflzt eO{ j9'jf;ldltaf6 ;a}eGbf j9L c+s k|fKt u/]sf] eGg]cfwf/df j9'jf ;ldltsf] @)^).!!.@^ sf] lg0f{on]lghsf] gfd j9'jfsf] nflu l;kmfl/z ePsf]df ;f]l;kmfl/zpk/ lrQ ga'emfO{ nf]s;]jf cfof]udfph"/L k/]sf]df nf]s;]jf cfof]uaf6 @)^!.!.@$df lj1flkt kbdf j9'jf ;ldltsf] lg0f{o g} sfod/xg] 7x/fO{ lg0f{o eP kZrft\ g]kfn ;/sf/sf]@)^!.@.!# sf] lg0f{o adf]lhd @)^!.!.# b]lvh]i7tf sfod x'g] u/L jg tyf e";+/If0f dGqfnojf cGtu{t lgo'lQm e} ;f]xL ldltdf jg:ktLljefusf] pk dxflgb{]zs kbdf kb:yfkg e}sfdsfh u/L cfPsf]df ldlt @)^@.!).!! sf]


605605605605605


g]kfn ;/sf/sf] lg0f{ofg';f/ jg:ktL ljefusf]dxflgb{]zs kbsf] lhDd]jf/L kfO{ sfdsfhul//x]s} ;dodf plNnlvt lj1fkgdf b/vf:tlbg] k|ltikwL{ 8f= nf]s]Gb|/fh zdf{ lgj]bs e} o;cbfntdf bfo/ ePsf] @)^! ;fnsf] l/6 g+=#%*& df o; cbfntaf6 j9'jf ;ldltsf] ldlt@)^).!!.@^ sf] j9'jf l;kmfl/z, ;f] l;kmfl/zpk/nf]s;]jf cfof]udf k/]sf] ph"/Lsf] cfwf/dfnf]s;]jf cfof]uaf6 ePsf] lg0f{o;d]t pTk|]if0fsf]cfb]zåf/f ab/ u/L lgj]bs xl/s[i0f ;}h'n] eGbf8f= nf]s]Gb|/fh zdf{n] j9L c+s k|fKt u/]sf] x'FbflghnfO{ j9'jfsf] nflu l;kmfl/z u/L j9'jf lgo'lQmlbg' egL o; cbfntaf6 @)^#.%.@) dfk/dfb ]zsf ] cfb ]z hf/L e } ;f ] cfb ]zsfof{Gjogsf l;nl;nfdf 8f= nf]s]Gb|/fh zdf{n]lgo'lQm ;d]t kfO{ oL lgj]bs cfkm\gf] ;fljs/f=k= låtLo -k|f=_ >]0fLsf] kbdf em/L ;s]sf] eGg]s'/f ldl;n ;+nUg ljkIfLx¿sf] tkm{af6 k]zePsf] lnlvt hjfkm ;d]taf6 b]lvof] .

#= lgj]bssf] lgo'lQmsf] cfwf/sf]¿kdf /x]sf] j9'jf ;ldltsf] lg0f{o cbfntsf]cfb]zadf]lhd ab/ e} ;s]kZrft\ lghn] k|fKtu/]sf] lgo'lQm ab/ eGg] zAb cbfntsf] cfb]zdfpNn]v gePs} cfwf/df lghsf] j9'jf lgo'lQmsfod /xg ;Sg] g;Sg] eGg] ;DaGwdf ljrf/ubf{, lgj]bs nf]s;]jf cfof]usf] j9'jf ;"rgf g+=!)@÷)^)–^! cGtu{t g]kfn jg ;]jf, jf]6fgL;d"x, /f=k= k|yd >]0fL -k|f=_ ;x–;lrj kb ! dfj9'jf ;ldltsf] ldlt @)^).!!.@^ sf] lg0f{ofg';f/j9'jfsf] nflu l;kmfl/z ePkZrft\ 8f= nf]s]Gb|/fh zdf{n] j9'jf l;kmfl/zpk/ lrQ ga'emfO{nf]s;]jf cfof]udf ph"/L lbPsf]df nf]s;]jfcfof]uaf6 j9'jf ;ldltsf] lg0f{o g} sfod x'g]7x/fO{ @)^!.!.@$ df lg0f{o ePkZrft\ ;f]lg0f{opk/ lrQ ga'emfO{ 8f= nf]s]Gb|/fh zdf{n];jf{]Rr cbfntdf l/6 g+= #%*& bfo/ u/]]sf]df

;jf{]Rr cbfntaf6, æj9'jf ;ldltsf] ldlt@)^).!!.@^ sf] j9'jf l;kmfl/z tyf ;f]pk/k/]sf] j9'jf ph"/L ;'gL nf]s;]jf cfof]uaf6 ePsf]ldlt @)^!.!.@$ sf] lg0f{o g]kfn jg ;]jf -u7g,;d"x tyf >]0fL_ ljefhg / lgo'lQm lgodx¿@)%! sf] lgod ( sf] k|ltjGwfTds jfSof+zsf]k|lts"n b]lvFbf ab/ ul/lbPsf] 5 . 8f= nf]s]Gb|/fh zdf{n] kfpg] j9'jf afktsf] c+Í xl/s[i0f;}h'n] kfpg]eGbf j9L ePsf] x'Fbf lghnfO{ j9'jfsf]nflu l;kmfl/z u/L j9'jf lgo'lQm lbg' egL@)^#.%.@) df cfb]z hf/L ePsf] b]lvG5 . ;jf{]Rrcbfntaf6 ePsf] cfb]zsf] sfof{Gjogsf]l;nl;nfdf g]kfn ;/sf/ dlGqkl/ifb\sf ]@)^#.(.@& sf] lg0f{ofg';f/ lgh nf]s]Gb|/fhzdf{nfO{ j9'jf u/L kb:yfkg ul/Psf] /dlGqkl/ifb\sf] @)^#.!!.@! sf] lg0f{o adf]lhdoL lgj]bs xl/s[i0f ;}h'nfO{ lbPsf] /f=k= k|yd>]0fLsf] lgo'lQm;d]t ab/ u/L ;lsPsf] 5 egLk|wfgdGqL tyf dlGqkl/ifb\sf] sfof{nosf] lnlvthjfkmaf6 b]lvPsf] cj:yfdf lghn] j9'jf kfPsf]kbsf] ;|f]tsf] ¿kdf /x]sf] nf]s;]jf cfof]usf]j9'jf ;"rgf g+= !)@÷)^)–)^! adf]lhdsf] g]kfnjg ;]jf, jf]6fgL ;d"x /f=k=k|=-k|f=_ >]0fLsf] kbPs df ePsf] j9'jf ;ldltsf] l;kmfl/z g} ab/e} pQm ;"rgfdf lj1flkt kbdf csf{] JolQmj9'jf e} lgo'lQm ;d]t lnO;s]sf] cj:yfdf lghn]cfkm\gf] ;x ;lrj kbdf j9'jf ePsf] lgo'lQmsfod} 5 eGg ldNg] cj:yf b]lvb}g . h'g j9'jf;ldltsf] l;kmfl/zadf]lhd lghn] lgo'lQm kfPsfx'g\ . ;f] j9'jf ;ldltsf] l;kmfl/z ab/ eO{ csf{]JolQmn] j9'jf kfO;s]sf] cj:yfdf d}n] kfPsf]lgo'lQmnfO{ ab/ geg]sf] x'Fbf sfod} 5 egLlnPsf] lgj]bg bfjL ts{;+ut / cf}lrTotfk"0f{klg b]lvb}g .

$= d lgj]bsn] dflyNnf] kbdfj9'jf kfO{ jiff{};Dd sfdsfh u/L cfO ;s]sf]

606606606606606

cj:yfdf d]/f] j9'jf lgo'lQmab/ ubf{ Gofo;+utgx'g] egL lnPsf] lgj]bg lhsL/ ;DaGwdf ljrf/ubf{ lgj]bssf] a9'jf sfg"g;+ut ¿kdf gePsf]egL o; cbfntsf] cfb]zadf]lhd ab/ eO{;s]kl5 lgh j9'jf ePsf] kbdf j9'jf ab/x''g'eGbf klxn] kfPsf] lgo'lQmsf] cfwf/df kbdfaxfn /x]s} sf/0fn] dfq lghsf] j9'jf ePsf]kbdf kbflwsf/ sfod 5 eGg ;lsg] cj:yfb]lvg cfpFb}g . j9'jfsf] l;kmfl/zpk/ k/]sf]l/6 lgj]bgaf6 s'g} sd{rf/Lsf] j9'jf x'g u}j9'jf ;ldlt jf nf]s;]jf cfof]un] u/]sf] lg0f{oadf]lhd j9'jf ePsf sd{rf/Lsf] j9'jf g} ab/eO{ lj:yflkt ePsf] l:yltdf To;/L lj:yflktePsf sd{rf/Lx¿n] klxn] kfPsf] lgo'lQmnfO{sfod} /fVb} vfnL kb / ljz]if kb l;h{gf u/Lkb ldnfg ub{} hfg] xf] eg] j9'jf ;ldltn] cfkm\gf]uNtL ;'wf/ ug{] cj;/ gkfpg] / cbfntaf6ePsf] km};nf ;d]t lgliqmo x'g] e} cbfntk|ltsf]cf:yf 36\g'sf] ;fy} sfg"gadf]lhd j9'jf x'g] /kfpg] Joj:yf g} k/flht x'g hfg] x'Fbf Pp6fkbsf nflu ePsf] lj1fkgdf PseGbf j9LJolQmnfO{ h'g;'s} axfgf agfO{ j9'jf ug{ gldNg]x'Fbf lghsf] j9'jf sfod /fVg sfg"gtM ldNg]cj:yf b]lvg cfPg .

%= ctM lgj]bssf] g]kfn jg ;]jfjf]6fgL ;d"xsf] /f=k=k|=-k|f=_ >]0fL ;x;lrj :t/sf]kbdf j9'jf ePsf] j9'jfsf] ;|f]tsf] ¿kdf /x]sf]j9'jf ;ldltsf] ldlt @)^).!!.@^ sf] lg0f{o /;f] lg0f{opk/ nf]s;]jf cfof]udf ph"/L k/L ;f]ph"/Ldf nf]s;]jf cfof]uaf6 ldlt @)^!.!.!$sf] j9'jf ;ldltsf] lg0f{o ;b/ u/L u/]sf] lg0f{o;jf{]Rr cbfntaf6 ldlt @)^#.%.@) df ab/u/L lgj]bssf] ;§fdf pQm kbdf 8f= nf]]s]Gb|/fhzdf{nfO{ j9'jf l;kmfl/z u/L lgo'lQm lbg' egLePsf] cfb]zadf]lhd 8f= nf]s]Gb|/fh zdf{n]lj1flkt kbdf lgo'lQm;d]t kfO{ oL lgj]bs ;fljs

/f=k= låtLo >]0fLsf] kbdf eml/;s]sf] cj:yfdflgj]bg dfuadf]lhdsf] cfb]z sfg"gtM hf/L ug{ldn]g . lgj]bg vf/]h x'g] 7x5{ . ldl;nlgodadf]lhd u/L a'emfO{ lbg' .

pQm /fodf ;xdt 5' .Gof=tflx/ cnL cG;f/LOlt ;+jt\ @)^^ ;fn h]7 % ut] /f]h # z'ed\\=Ohnf; clws[tM df]xg/fh e§/fO{

lg0f{o g+= *!@@ ;fpg, @)^^

;jf]{Rr cbfnt, ;+o'Qm Ohnf;dfggLo GofofwLz >L cg"k/fh zdf{

dfggLo GofofwLz >L s[i0fk|;fb pkfWofo;+jt\ @)%( ;fnsf] l/6 g+= =======@*!&

cfb]z ldltM@)^^.!.@@.#

ljifoM– pTk|]if0f .

lgj]bsM sf=lh=sf=d=g=kf= l:yt zfxL g]kfnuNkmSnj ltnu +ufsf ] tkm {af6P]=sf=clVtof/ k|fKt ;efklt sf=lhsf=d=g=kf= j8f g+= $ w'Daf/fxL a:g]l;4]Zj/s'df/ l;+x ;d]t

lj?4ljkIfLM g]kfn ;/sf/ dlGqkl/ifb\, dlGqkl/ifb\

;lrjfno, l;+xb/jf/ ;d]t

§ ;Demf }tf jf s/f/af6 l;lh{t;Demf }tf jf s/f/af6 l;lh{t;Demf }tf jf s/f/af6 l;lh{t;Demf }tf jf s/f/af6 l;lh{t;Demf }tf jf s/f/af6 l;lh{tlgj ]bssf ] xsnfO { sfg "gL jflgj ]bssf ] xsnfO { sfg "gL jflgj ]bssf ] xsnfO { sfg "gL jflgj ]bssf ] xsnfO { sfg "gL jflgj ]bssf ] xsnfO { sfg "gL jf;+j}wflgs dfGg] xf] eGg] s/f/ P]gn];+j}wflgs dfGg] xf] eGg] s/f/ P]gn];+j}wflgs dfGg] xf] eGg] s/f/ P]gn];+j}wflgs dfGg] xf] eGg] s/f/ P]gn];+j}wflgs dfGg] xf] eGg] s/f/ P]gn]l;h{gf ug] { s/f/Lo xs P +jl;h{gf ug] { s/f/Lo xs P +jl;h{gf ug] { s/f/Lo xs P +jl;h{gf ug] { s/f/Lo xs P +jl;h{gf ug] { s/f/Lo xs P +jbfloTjx¿sf] l:ylt g} z"Godf kl/0ftbfloTjx¿sf] l:ylt g} z"Godf kl/0ftbfloTjx¿sf] l:ylt g} z"Godf kl/0ftbfloTjx¿sf] l:ylt g} z"Godf kl/0ftbfloTjx¿sf] l:ylt g} z"Godf kl/0ftx'g] .x'g] .x'g] .x'g] .x'g] .

§ kIfx¿sf aLrdf k |rlntkIfx¿sf aLrdf k |rlntkIfx¿sf aLrdf k |rlntkIfx¿sf aLrdf k |rlntkIfx¿sf aLrdf k |rlntsfg "gljk/Lt gx 'g ] u/L ePsfsfg "gljk/Lt gx 'g ] u/L ePsfsfg "gljk/Lt gx 'g ] u/L ePsfsfg "gljk/Lt gx 'g ] u/L ePsfsfg "gljk/Lt gx 'g ] u/L ePsf


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;Demf}tf Pj+ s/f/af6 l;h{gf x'g];Demf}tf Pj+ s/f/af6 l;h{gf x'g];Demf}tf Pj+ s/f/af6 l;h{gf x'g];Demf}tf Pj+ s/f/af6 l;h{gf x'g];Demf}tf Pj+ s/f/af6 l;h{gf x'g]To:tf xssf ] pNn+3g ePsf ]To:tf xssf ] pNn+3g ePsf ]To:tf xssf ] pNn+3g ePsf ]To:tf xssf ] pNn+3g ePsf ]To:tf xssf ] pNn+3g ePsf ]cj:yfdf To:tf ] ;Demf }tfcj:yfdf To:tf ] ;Demf }tfcj:yfdf To:tf ] ;Demf }tfcj:yfdf To:tf ] ;Demf }tfcj:yfdf To:tf ] ;Demf }tfpkrf/ljxLg g/xL ;Demf }tfn] g}pkrf/ljxLg g/xL ;Demf }tfn] g}pkrf/ljxLg g/xL ;Demf }tfn] g}pkrf/ljxLg g/xL ;Demf }tfn] g}pkrf/ljxLg g/xL ;Demf }tfn] g}lglb{i6 u/]sf] sfg"gL af6f] cjnDaglglb{i6 u/]sf] sfg"gL af6f] cjnDaglglb{i6 u/]sf] sfg"gL af6f] cjnDaglglb{i6 u/]sf] sfg"gL af6f] cjnDaglglb{i6 u/]sf] sfg"gL af6f] cjnDagul/g' kg]{ .ul/g' kg]{ .ul/g' kg]{ .ul/g' kg]{ .ul/g' kg]{ .

§ Contractual obligation and liabilities

nfO { sfg "gL jf ;+j }wflgs xsnfO { sfg "gL jf ;+j }wflgs xsnfO { sfg "gL jf ;+j }wflgs xsnfO { sfg "gL jf ;+j }wflgs xsnfO { sfg "gL jf ;+j }wflgs xsclwsf/ eGg gldNg] .clwsf/ eGg gldNg] .clwsf/ eGg gldNg] .clwsf/ eGg gldNg] .clwsf/ eGg gldNg] .

-k|s/0f g+=#_

lgj]bs tkm{af6M ljåfg jl/i7 clwjQmf >Lab|Laxfb'/ sfsL{ Pj+ ljåfg clwjQmfx¿;'zLn kGt, >L xl/s[i0f sfsL{ / xL/f/]UdL

ljkIfL tkm{af6M ljåfg ;xGofoflwjQmf >L ls/0fkf}8]n / ljåfg clwjQmf >L e]if/fhGof}kfg]

cjnlDjg ghL/M g]sfk @)$*, lg0f{o g+= $$$$,k[i7 *(!

;Da4 sfg"gM§ v]ns'b ljsf; P]g, @)$*§ sDkgL P]g, @)%^§ s/f/ P]g, @)%^

cfb]zGof=cg"k/fh zdf{MGof=cg"k/fh zdf{MGof=cg"k/fh zdf{MGof=cg"k/fh zdf{MGof=cg"k/fh zdf{M g]kfn clw/fHosf]

;+ljwfg, @)$& sf] wf/f @# / **-@_ adf]lhdkg{ cfPsf] k|:t't l/6 lgj]bg o;} cbfntsf]clwsf/If]q leq kg]{ x'Fbf lgj]bgsf] ;+lIfKt tYoP+j 7x/ o; k|sf/ 5M–

zfxL g]kfn uNkm Snj /fli6«o v]ns'bkl/ifb P]g, @)@! sf] bkmf ( cGtu{t /fli6«ov]ns'b kl/ifb\df btf{ eO{ uNkm v]n;Fu ;DalGwtsfg"gL x}l;ot k|fKt ;+:yf xf] . o:tf ;+:yfx¿v]ns'b ljsf; P]g, @)$* sf] bkmf #)-#_ n] o;}

P]gcGtu{t btf{ ePsf] dflgg] Joj:yf u/]sf] 5 .tTsfnLg jfUdtL c~rnfwLz sfof{no tyfkl/ifb\df btf{ ePsf ;+:yfn] cfkm\gf] x}l;ot sfod/fVg lhNnf k|zf;g sfof{no sf7df8f}+df btf{u/] em} o; ;+:yfn] klg btf{ u/]sf] Joxf]/f Snjsf]ljwfgsf] k|:tfjgf / wf/f $% df pNNf]v 5 .Snjn] sf];{ ul//x]sf] hUufdf ljdfg:yn lgdf{0fx'g] eO{ ;/sf/ / Snjsf] ;xdltdf xfnsf]6ld{gn ejg jg]sf] :yfgdf ;/]sf] / ToxfF klg6ld{gn ejg jGg] ePkl5 sf];{ If]q ltnu+uftkm{;/]sf] xf] . nfdf] ;dob]lv ef]u ub}{cfPsf] :yfgaf6lj:yflkt x'g' k/]kl5 Snj lqe'jg cGt/f{li6«oljdfg:Yfn gful/s p8\og k|flws/0faLr@)$^.(.@$ df ;xdlt kqdf ;xL5fk eof] .;xdltcg';f/ ltnu+uf /x]sf] sf]if{ Pl/ofsf];/;kmfO xl/ofnL :jR5tf;DaGwL sfd xfdLn]ug]{ / Tof] hUuf pknAw u/fPafkt ljkIfLn]Psd'i6 /sd kfpg] ;xdlt eof] . hUuf 36\b}uO{ xfn @)) /f]kgL dfq afFsL 5 . gful/sp8\8og k|flws/0f;Fu @)%*.$.# df #) jif{sf]nflu nueu ^%) /f]kgL hUuf ef8fdf lng];Demf}tf eof] . ;Demf}tfcg';f/ ljkIfLn] tf/jf/3]/L hUuf pknAw u/fpg ;s]sf ] 5 }g,;Demf}tfcg';f/sf] /sd a'emfPs} 5, uNkm sf];{k'/fg} ltnu+uf Pl/ofdf ;~rflnt 5 . @)%(.%.@&sf] ljkIfL k|flws/0fsf] r=g+= #^.@)%( sf] kqdf@)$^ ;fn / @)%* ;fnsf] b'j} ;+emf}tfaf6*%) /f]kgL ef8fdf lng ePsf] ;+emf}tf sfg"gLx}l;ot gePsf] ;+:yf;Fu k|lt:kwf{ / kf/blz{tfgcfO{ u/]sf] b]lvFbf To:tf] u}/sfg"gL sfdlg/Gt/tf lbg k|ltlglw;ef ;fj{hlgs n]vf;ldltsf] @)%*.%.@( sf] lg0f{oaf6 ab/ ug]{;DaGwdf n]vLcfPsf] 5 . ;f] ;DaGwdf sf/jfxLx'Fbf pQm ;Demf}tf ab/ ug]{ u/L @)%(.%.@$ dfk|flws/0fn] lg0f{o u/]sf] x'Fbf k|flws/0fnfO{a'emfpg afFsL cf=j= @)%*.)%( sf] ;fljsb]lv

608608608608608

@)) /f]kgLsf] ?=#^!,(#$*.– / /f]kgL *%) sf]@)%(.$.! b]lv xfn;Ddsf] afFsL /sd e'QmfgLu/L lbg' x'g egL n]lvcfPsf] /x]5 . pQm lg0f{osf]gSsn dfUbf glbO{ ;+ljwfgsf] wf/f !^ Pj+ sfuhhfFrsf] !& / c=a+= @!! sf] 7f8f] pNn+3g ul/Psf]5 . lgj]bs l;2]Zj/s'df/ l;+x zfxL g]kfn uNkmSnjsf] ;efklt / dl0fGb|/fh >]i7 @)$^.(.@$sf] ;Demf}tfdf ;xL ug]{ tTsfnLg Snjsf]sfo{sf/L0fL ;b:otf x'Fbf xsb}of eO{ k|:t'tlgj]bg u/]sf 5f}F . ljkIfL k|flws/0f / Snj b'j}sfg"gL x}l;ot k|fKt JolQm eO{ sfg"gadf]lhdePsf] ;Demf}tfnfO{ hfFra'em u/L ab/ ug]{clVtof/ ;fj{hlgs n]vf ;ldltnfO{ 5}g .;fj{hlgs n]vf ;ldltn] k|ltlglw;efdfk|ltj]bg;Dd lbg] / sfg"gL xs c;/ kg]{ u/Llg0f{o lbg clVtof/ wf/f ^#-!_ cGtu{t ag]sf]k|ltlglw;ef lgodfjnL, @)%$ sf] lgod!(#.!($ n] k|bfg u/]sf] 5}g . @)$^ ;fnsf];xdlt kqd} pQm hUuf xfdLn] nfdf] ;dob]lvef]lucfPsf] k|i6 5, pQm hldg @) jif{sf] nflulnPsf], ;xdltsf] a'bf & df /fd|f] Snj xfp;;d]tlgdf{0f u/]sf] / @&% eGbf j9L ;b:on] ef]lu/x]sf],;xdltsf] a'Fbf * df e"lds/ tyf wfgsf] s'tnfO{gubdf kl/0ft u/L kz'klt cdfnsf]6 srx/LnfO{a'emfpg] bfloTj lnO{ ef]uflwsf/ ePsf] k|i6 5 .@)$^ ;fnsf ] ;Demf }tfsf ] kIf ljkIfLk|flws/0f;d]t ePsf]n] ;Demf}tfdf plNnlvtcj:yfafx]s c? cj:Yffdf ;Demf}tf ab/ x'g;Sb}g . s]xL lglZrt zt{ k'/f geP klg ;"rgflglZrt cjlwkl5 dfq /2 x'g] k|fjwfg 5 .cglws[t kIfaf6 ;+emf}tf ab/ ug{ s/f/ P]g,@)@#, @)%^ cg';f/ klg ldNb}g . Snjaf6jftfj/0f ;+/If0f x]t' 7'nf] ;+Vofdf /f]huf/;d]tk|bfg ePsf] cj:yf 5 . s/f/sf] ;DalGwt kIfj]u/ cgflwsf/ lgsfoaf6 s'g} ;'g'jfO{ gu/Ls/f/ ab/ ug]{ ljwflosL P+j sfo{sf/L clwsf/sf]

k|of]u u/]sf] @)%*.^.@( sf] lg0f{o tx–tx x'Fb};f ] lg0f {ocg';f/ egL gful/s p8\8ogk|flws/0fsf] c=lj=gf=p= sfof{no uf}r/sf]@)%(.%.@& sf] kqdf plNnlvt @)%(.%.@$ sf]lg0f{o;DaGwL sfo{af6 *% jif{ cufl8 ef]urngul/cfPsf] uNkm sf];{sf] ;§fdf egf{df kfPsf]If]qdf ;f] v]ns'b ;~rfng ug{ kfpg] xsaf6jl~rt u/L sfg"gL xs ;d]t xgg\ ePsf] 5 .pQm lg0f{ox¿ ;+ljwfgsf] @)$& sf] wf/f !!,!@,-@_ u !& tyf v]ns'b ljsf; P]g, @)$* sf]bkmf !# , !$, !%, !( åf/f k|bQ sfg"gL tyf;+j}wflgs xssf] k|lts"n x'Fbf wf/f **-@_ adf]lhdpTk|]if0fsf] cfb]zåf/f ab/ ul/kfpmF . Psflt/ef8f afFsL dfUg] csf]{ tkm{ ;f]xL ;Demf}tf ab/ug ] { ljkIf Lsf ] sfo { sfg "g; +ut gx ' F b f;Demf}tfadf]lhdsf] sfo{ ug{ lbg' eGg] k/dfb]zsf]cfb]z Pj+ lgj]bgsf] 6'+uf] gnfu];Dd @)%(.%.@&sf] kqdf plNnlvt lg0f{o sfof{Gjog gug'{gu/fpg' eGg] cGtl/d cfb]z hf/L ul/kfpmF eGg]lgj]bg .

o;df s] s;f] ePsf] xf] < lgj]bssf]dfuadf]lhdsf] cfb]z lsg hf/L x'g gkg]{ xf] <af6fsf Dofbafx]s !% lbgleq lnlvt hjfkmk]z ug'{ eGg] ;"rgf ljkIfLnfO{ lbO{ lnlvt hjfkmk/]kl5 jf cjlw gf3]kl5 lgodfg';f/ k]z ug'{;fy} k|:t't l/6 lgj]bgsf] clGtd lsgf/fgnfu'~h]n @)%(.%.@$ sf] lg0f{o sfof{Gjoggu/L oyfl:yltdf /fVg' egL ljkIfLsf gfddfcGtl/d cfb]z hf/L u/LlbPsf] 5 eGg] o;cbfntsf] @)%(.*.@ sf] cfb]z .

o; ;lrjfnosf ] s] s:tf ] sfdsf/jfxLaf6 lgj]bssf] s] s:tf] xs clwsf/sf]xgg\ ePsf] xf], To;sf] :ki6 lhsL/ glnO{lagfcfwf/ sf/0f o; ;lrjfno;d]tnfO{ ljkIfLagfO{ lbPsf] l/6 lgj]bg vf/]hof]Uo x'Fbf vf/]h

*!@@ *!@@ *!@@ *!@@ *!@@ - l;2]Zj/s'df/ l;+x ;d]t lj=dlGqkl/ifb\ sfof{no ;d]t l;2]Zj/s'df/ l;+x ;d]t lj=dlGqkl/ifb\ sfof{no ;d]t l;2]Zj/s'df/ l;+x ;d]t lj=dlGqkl/ifb\ sfof{no ;d]t l;2]Zj/s'df/ l;+x ;d]t lj=dlGqkl/ifb\ sfof{no ;d]t l;2]Zj/s'df/ l;+x ;d]t lj=dlGqkl/ifb\ sfof{no ;d]t

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ul/kfpm F eGg] g]kfn ;/sf/ dlGqkl/ifb\;lrjfnosf] tkm{af6 kg{ cfPsf] lnlvt hjfkm .

g]kfn gful/s p8\8og k|flws/0fn] /f]onuNkm SnjnfO{ ljleGg ldltdf u/L ^%) /f]kgLhUuf #) jif{sf] nflu ef8fdf lbg] u/L hUufpknAw u/fPsf] ;DaGwdf ;fj{hlgs n]vf;ldltn] g]kfn ;/sf/ dlGqkl/ifb\df cfkm\gf] lg0f{o@)%*.^.#) df pknAw u/fPsf] lyof] . pQmlg0f{o k|ltlglw;ef lgodfjnL, @)%$ tyf;+j}wflgs k|fjwfgadf]lhd lbPsf] lgb]{zg cGoyfeGg g;lsg] x'Fbf lgj]bg vf/]h ul/kfpmF eGg];+;b ;lrjfnosf tkm{af6 kg{ cfPsf] lnlvthjfkm .

k|flws/0f /fli6«o v]ns'b kl/ifbsf]nutdf gfd btf{;Dd ePsf] t/ sfg"gL dfGotfk|fKt :jzfl;t / ;+ul7t ;+:yfsf] ¿kdf g/x]sf]uNkm SnjnfO{ hUuf ef8fdf pknAw u/fPsf]sf/0f ;Demf}tf /2 ug]{ sfo{ k|flws/0faf6 ePsf]xf] . lgj]bssf] df}lns xs xgg ePsf] 5}g,s/f/ P]gljk/Lt egL lhsL/ lnPsf] x'Fbf To:tf]dfpkrf/ l/6 If]q ge} lhNnf cbfnt hfg' kg]{ xf] .s/f/Lo xs clwsf/sf] ljifodf l/6 If]q cfslif{tgx'g] egL l;4fGt;d]t k|ltkfbg ePsf] kl/k|]Iodflgj]bg vf/]h ul/kfpmF eGg] g]kfn ;/sf/ ;+:s[ltko{6g tyf gful/s p8\8og dGqfnosf] tkm{af6kg{ cfPsf] lnlvt hjfkm .

g ]k fn ;/sf/sf ] @)#(.& .# sf ]lg0f{ocg';f/ tTsfnLg xjfO{ ljefu tyf kz'ktLcdfnsf]6aLr @)#(.(.@# df ;+emf}tf eO{ hDdfIf]qkmn !!^!–!$–# hUuf kz'ktLgfy e08f/txljn sfof{noaf6 xjfO{ ljefunfO{ k|fKt ePsf]xf] . ;f]afkt ljefun] jflif{s k|lt /f]kgL @# kfyLwfg ltg] { zt{ lyof] . lqe'jg cGt/f{li6«oljdfg:ynsf] ljsf; lj:tf/ ug]{ k|of]hgsf] nfluk|fKt ePsf] hUuf ;f] adf]lhdsf] sfd gePaf6@)$^.(.@$ df Department of Civil Aviation

Tribhuvan International Airport tyf Royal Nepal

Gulf Club ljrsf] memorandum of under standing

sf] cfwf/df @)) /f]kgL hUuf uNkm sf]if{ ;~rfngug{ @) jif{sf nflu ?= !@,))).– df k|lt/f]kgL@# kfyL wfgsf b/n] RNGC n] a'emfpg] u/LSnjnfO{ ljefun] lnhdf hUuf lbPsf] xf] .@)%*.$.# df CAAN/TIACO / RNGC aLrePsf] ;Demf}tfaf6 Runway sf] k"j{k§L sf] ̂ %)/f]kgL uNkm sf]if{ ;~rfng ug{ #) jif{sf] nfluljdfg:yn b:t"/ lgodfjnL, @)#* lgod !#-!_cg';"rL ^-s_ sf] v08 !-#_ cg';f/ k|lt/f]kgL%)).– sf b/n] lbPsf] xf] . /f]on g]kfn uNkm;+:yf btf{ P]g, @)#$ adf]lhd btf{ gePsf],v]ns'b ljsf; P]g, @)$* cg';f/ v]ns'bkl/ifb\df @)%*.^.!& df ;+:yfsf] nutdf gfdbtf{ ePsf] sf/0fn] Snjn] sfg"gL x}l;ot k|fKtug{ g;Sg] x'Fbf o:tf] ;+:yf;Fu k|rlnt cfly{sP]g, ljk/Lt lagf k|lt:kwL{, kf/blz{tf 7f8f]lg0f{osf cfwf/df ePsf] ;Demf}tfn] sfg"gLdfGotf k|fKt ug{ ;Sb}g . ;Demf}tf ab/ x'g] x'Fbfs;/L sfg"gL lx;fjdf pQm hUuf af9L pkof]uLagfO{ k|of]u ug{ ;lsG5 cWoog u/L lg:sif{lgsfnL hUuf ef8fdf lbg], sfg"gadf]lhdk|lt:kwf{ kf/blz{tf ckgfO{ sfd sf/jfxL cufl8a9fpg] eGg] ;fj{hlgs n]vf ;ldltaf6@)%*.^.@( df lg0f{o ePsf] 5 . pQm lg0f{osf]cfwf/df ;+:s[lt ko{6g dGqfnosf] @)%*.!@.@!/ @)%(.!.!& sf] kqsf cfwf/df k|flws/0fn]@)%(.%.@$ sf] lg0f{ocg';f/ ;Demf}tfx¿ /2u/]sf] xf] . sfg"gadf]lhd lg0f{o ePsf] x'Fbf lgj]bgvf/]h ul/kfpmF eGg] g]kfn gful/s p8\ogk|flws/0f, lqe'jg cGt/f{li6«o ljdfg:yn gful/sp8\og sfof{no uf}r/sf tkm{af6 kg{ cfPsf]lnlvt hjfkm .

o;df k|ToyL{ lnlvt hjfkm k|:t'tstf{g]kfn gful/s p8\og k|flws/0f, lqe'jg

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cGt/f{li6«o ljdfg:yn gful/s p8\og sfof{nouf}r/ sf7df8f}sf] tkm{af6 k|fKt lnlvt hjfkmsf]k|s/0f ^ df plNnlvt ko{6g tyf gful/sp8\8og dGqfnosf] @)%#.%.$ sf] kqfg';f/ uNkmSnjsf] hUuf pknAw u/fpg] ;DaGwdf ePsf]g]kfn ;/sf/sf] ;}4flGts :jLs[lt lbg] lg0f{o,ldlt @)%#.%.!^ sf] Agreed minute No 20 1997

of minutes sf ] Meeting @)%*.$.# sf ]agreement ;Fu ;DalGwt @)$^ sf] lg0f{o tyfP] ln=h=sf] k|s/0f & df plNnlvt @)%*.^.@(sf] k|ltlglw;ef ;fj{hlgs n]vf ;ldltsf] lg0f{o;d]t dufO{ k|fKt x'g cfPkl5 lgodfg';f/ k]zug'{ eGg] o; cbfntsf] @)^!.(.@) sf] cfb]z .

lgodadf]lhd b}lgs d'2f k]zL ;"rLdfr9L lg0f{ofy{ Ohnf;;dIf k]z x'g cfPsf] k|:t'tlgj]bgdf lgj]bs tkm{af6 pkl:yt jl/i7clwjQmf ab|Laxfb'/ sfsL{, clwjQmfx¿ ;'zLnkGt, xl/s[i0f sfsL{ tyf xL/f /]UdLn] hUuf ef8f;Demf}tfsf] kIfdWo]sf] k|flws/0f r'k a;]sf]cj:yfdf ;Demf}tfsf] kIf g} gePsf] ;fj{hlgsn]vf ;ldltnfO{ ;Demf}tf /2 ug]{ lgb]{zg ug]{clwsf/ 5}g . To:Tff] ljifodf j}slNks pkrf/sf]af6f] /x]sf]n] c;fwf/0f clwsf/If]q leq k|j]zu/]sf] gldNg] eGg ldNb}g . lgj]bs Snj ;+:yfbtf{ P]g, @)#$ ;d]t cGtu{t btf{ ePsf] 5 .zfxL g]kfn uNkm Snj /fli6«o v]ns'b kl/ifbP]g, @)@! adf]lhd :yflkt eO{ ;f] P]gadf]lhdbtf{ ePsf ;+:yf btf{sf] dfGotfnfO{ v]ns'bljsf; P]g, @)$* sf] bkmf #)-#_ n] arfpu/]sf] 5 . pQm Snjsf] xs bfloTj ;g]{ u/L;+:yf btf{ P]g, @)#$ adf]lhd @)%*.&.@& zfxLg]kfn uNkm btf{ ePsf] sfg"gL dfGotf k|fKt;+:Yff xf] . xjfO{ c•f b:t"/ lgodfjnL, @)#*,@)%*.!!.@) sf] t];|f] ;+zf]wgsf] lgod, !#adf]lhd ljdfg:yn If]qleqsf] hUuf ef8fdflb+bf lgodfjnLsf] cg';"rL ^-s_ df tf]lsP

adf]lhd axfn nfUg] 5 eGg] Joj:yf u/]sf] ;f]Joj:yfsf] kfngf u/L ePsf] ;Demf}tf ab/ ug]{clVtof/ n]vf ;ldltnfO{ 5}g . jiff}{cufl8 z'?cfteO{ s/f/Lo xs bfloTj l;h{gf eO{ sfof{GjogdfcfPsf] ;Demf}tfnfO{ clVtof/ljxLg lgsfoaf6ab/ ug]{ u/]sf] lg0f{o ab/ x'g'kb{5 eGg] ;d]tsf]ax; k|:t't ug'{eof] . dxfGofoflwjQmf sfof{notkm{af6 pkl:Yft ;xGofoflwjQmf >L ls/0fkf}8]nn] ljkIfL zfxL g]kfn uNkm Snj sfg"gLdfGotf k|fKt :jzfl;t ;+ul7t ;+:yf geO{/fli6«o v]ns'b kl/ifb\sf] nutdf gfd;Dd btf{ePsf] v]ns'b;Fu ;DaGwg k|fKt ;:yf xf] .sfg"gL x}l;ot k|fKt gePsf] ;+:yf;Fu ef8fdfhUuf lng] lbg] u/L kf/blz{tfsf] cefjdf ePsf];Demf}tf s/f/ /Ltk"j{s 5}g . g]kfn uNkm Snj@)%*.&.@& df lhNnf sfof{nodf btf{ ePsf],hGdg' cufl8 g} ePsf] ;Demf}tf j}wflgs x'g;Sb}g . v]ns'b kl/ifb cfkm} :jod JolQm ePsf]To:tf] ;+:yf;Fu hf]l8Psf] Snj JolQm gx'Fbfs/f/ ug{ ;Sb}g . @)%*.^.!& eGbf cufl8btf{ ePsf] eGg ;s]sf] klg 5}g . Snj ;Ddbtf{ ePsf] xf] . s/f/ @)$^.(.@$ / @)%*.#.$df ePsf] elgPsf] 5, To:tf] ;Demf}tf s/f/eP klg s/f/s} kIfn] ab/ ug{ g;Sg] xf]OgeGg] ;d]tsf] ax; k|:t't ug'{eof] . gful/sp8\8og k|flws/0fsf tkm{af6 clwjQmf e]if/fdGof}kfg]n] lgj]bs sfg"gadf]lhdsf] JolQmgePsf], btf{ g} gePsf] cj:yfdf s/f/ ePsf],s/f/sf] pNn+3g x'Fbf pkrf/sf] af6f] c;fwf/0fclwsf/If]q gx'g] l;4fGt k|ltkfbg ePsf;d]taf6 lgj]bg vf/]h x'g'kb{5 eGg] ;d]tsf]ax; k|:t't ug'{eof] .

pk/f]Qmadf]lhd ljåfg clwjQmfx¿sf]ax; ;d]t ;'gL ldl;n cWoog u/L lgj]bssf]dfuadf]lhdsf] cfb]z hf/L x'g] xf] xf]Og egLlg0f{o lbg'kg]{ x'g cfof] .


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@= lg0f{otkm{ ljrf/ ubf{ zfxLg]kfn uNkm Snj / g]kfn gful/s p8\og k|flws/0f,lqe'jg cGt/f{li6«o ljdfg :yn gful/s p8\ogsfof{no aLr hUuf ef8fdf lng] lbg] ;Gbe{df@)$^.(.@$ b]lv nfu" x'g] u/L @)) /f]kgL /@)%#.%.!^ b]lv nfu" x'g] u/L ^%) /f]kgL u/LhDdf *%) /f]kgL hUuf ef8fdf lbg] ;Demf}tfePsf]df sfg"gn] clVtof/ gul/lbPsf] ljkIfLk|ltlglw ;ef ;fj{hlgs n]vf ;ldltn] pQm;Demf}tf ab/ ug]{ ;DaGwdf @)%*.%.@( dflg0f{o u/L ;f] lg0f{o sfof{Gjogsf] gfddf ldlt@)%(.%.@$ df ;+emf}tf /2 ug]{ u/L ljkIfL gful/sp8\8og k|flws/0fn] u/]sf] lg0f{oaf6 v]ns'bljsf; P]gåf/f k|bQ sfg"gL xs tyf ;+ljwfgåf/fk|bQ df}lns xs pkef]u ug{ cf3ft k'u]sf] 5 .pQm u}/sfg"gL lg0f{o g]kfn clw/fHosf] ;+ljwfg@)$& sf] wf/f **-@_ adf]lhd pTk|]if0fsf]cfb]zåf/f ab/ u/L k"j{jt ;Demf}tfx¿ cg';f/sfd ug{ lbg' eGg] k/dfb]zsf] cfb]z ;fy}lgj]bssf] clGtd 6'+uf] gnfu'Gh]n @)%(.%.@&sf] kqdf plNnlvt lg0f{o sfof{Gjog gug'{gu/fpg' egL ljkIfLsf gfddf cGtl/d cfb]zhf/L ul/kfpmF eGg] lgjb]g /x]sf] kfOof] . o;sf]lnlvt hjfkmdf hUuf ef8fdf lng] lbg] ;DaGwdfePsf] ;Demf}tf kf/bzL{ / k|lt:kwf{ gu/L ePsf]x'Fbf ;f] k|lqmof k"/f u/L sfd sf/jfxLcufl8a9fpg] eGg] k|ltlglw;ef ;fj{hlgs n]vf;ldltsf] @)%*.^.@( df lg0f{o eO{ k|flws/0fsf]@)%(.%.@$ sf] lg0f{ocg';f/ ;Demf}tf /2 ePsf]x'Fbf låkIfLo ;Demf}tf /2 ePsf] ljifodf c;fwf/0fclwsf/If]qsf] af6f] pkrf/fTds x'g g;Sg] x'Fbflgj]bg vf/]h ul/kfpmF eGg] /x]sf] kfOof] .

#= g ]k fn gful/s p8 \8ogk|flws/0f / zfxL g]kfn uNkm SnjaLr@)$^.(.@$ df @)) /f]kgL / @)%*.$.# df^%) /f]kgL hUuf qmdzM !@))).– ? #@%))).–

df @) jif{ / #) jif{sf] nflu ef8fdf lbg] u/LhUuf pknAw u/fpg] u/L ePsf] ;Demf}tf;DaGwdf ljjfb b]lvPg . b'O{ kIf aLrdf hUufef8fdf lng] lbg] ul/ePsf] ;Demf}tfsf] Ps kIfg]kfn gful/s p8\og k|flws/0f / csf]{ kIflgj]bs zfxL g]kfn uNkm Snjsf tkm{af6 ;efkltl;2]Zj/ l;+x / dl0fGb| /fh >]i7 pNn]v ePsf]df;+:Yffsf] tkm{af6 ;Demf}tf ubf{ dl0fGb|/fh >]i7sf]s] x}l;ot /xL ;Demf}tf ePsf] xf] ;f] s'/f b]lvFb}g .;Demf}tf @)$^.(.@$ df k|yd k6s ePsf] //f]on g]kfn uNkm Snj v]ns'b ljsf; P]g, @)$*adf]lhd @)%*.^.!& df v]ns'b ljsf; kl/ifb\sf]nut ;Dddf btf{ eO{ lhNnf k|zf;g sfof{nosf7df8f}+df @)%*.&.@& df dfq btf{ ePsf]b]lvG5 . ldl;n ;fy k]z x'g cfPsf] Land lease

Agreement between Civil Aviation of Nepal and

Royal Nepal Golf club sf] bkmf !@ df This

agreement shall be govern by the Contract Act,

@)%^ eGg] pNn]v ePsf] b]lvG5 . o;}u/L l/6lgj]bgsf] k|s/0f @ df hUuf ef8fdf lng] lbg];Demf}tf eGg] pNn]v eO{ k|s/0f $ 3 df lgj]bsn]ljjflbt hUuf ;§f k§fsf] lx;fjdf k|fKt ePsf]eGg] km/s–km/s tYo pNn]v u/]sf] b]lvG5 .lgj]bs /f]on g]kfn uNkm Snjsf] lglj{jfb xs:yflkt gePsf], s'g s] s:tf] hdLg ;§fk§fu/L uNkm Snj ;~rfng /x]sf] hdLg k|fKt ePsf]xf] ;f] hdLgsf] xs k|flKtsf] ;|f]t cfwf/ pNn]vug{ ;s]sf] b]lvFb}g . h+xf;Dd ;Demf}tfsf] cfwf/dfsf/f]jfl/s lx;fjdf ljjflbt hdLg k|fKt eO{xs x'g cfPsf] eGg] pNn]v ePsf] 5, ;Demf}tfs}Ps kIf gful/s p8\8og k|flws/0fn] ;Demf}tf/2 u/]sf] cj:yfdf To:Tff] xs k|rng u/fpg];DaGWfdf ;+emf}tfs} bkmf !@ n] pkrf/fTdsaf6f] Joj:yf u/]sf] b]lvg cfof] . ljjflbt hUufdfzfxL g]kfn uNkm Snjsf] lglj{jfb xs ePsf]gb]lvO{ uNkm sf];{ ;~rfng ug{ gful/s p8\8og

612612612612612

k|flws/0f;Fu lglZrt /sd ef8f a'emfpg] u/L;Demf}tf eO{ ;f]xL ;+emf}tfsf] cfwf/df lgjb]ssf]xs l;h{gf ePsf] eGg] egfO /x]sf] kfOof] .;Demf}tfsf] kl/kfngf ;d]tsf] ;Gbe{df b'j} kIfsfaLrdf nfu" x'g] sfg"g (Governing Law) s/f/P]g, @)%^ x'g] eGg] s'/fdf ;d]t ;Demf}tfsfkIfx¿ aLrdf ;xdlt /x]sf] kfOof] . lgj]bsnfO{;Demf}tfs} cfwf/df uNkm sf];{ ;~rfng ug{],ljsf; lj:tf/ ug]{, ;f] k|of]hgsf] nflu ;Demf}tfdfpNn]v hdLgsf] pkof]u ug]{ eGg] ePkl5 ;f]xL;Demf}tfsf] Ps kIfsf ¿kdf /x]sf] g]kfn gful/sp8\8og k|flws/0fn] ;Demf}tf /2 u/]sf] 3f]if0ff,;"rgf ;d]t u/]sf] lg0f{o u/]sf] kl/k]|Iodf;Demf}tf jf s/f/af6 l;lh{t lgj]bssf] xsnfO{sfg"gL jf ;+j}wflgs dfGg] xf] eGg] s/f/ P]gn]l;h{gf ug]{ s/f/Lo xs P+j bfloTjx¿sf] l:yltg} z"Godf kl/0ft x'g] x'G5 . kIfx¿sf] jLrdfk|rlnt sfg"gljk/Lt gx'g] u/L ePsf ;Demf}tfPj+ s/f/af6 l;h{gf x'g] To:tf xssf] pNn+3gePsf] cj:yfdf To:tf] ;Demf}tf pkrf/ljxLgg/xL ;Demf}tfn] g} lglb{i6 u/]sf] sfg"gL af6f]cjnDag ul/g' kg]{ :yflkt ;}4flGts dfGotfklg xf] . To:tf Contractual obligation and

liabilities nfO{ sfg"gL jf ;+j}wflgs xs clwsf/eGg klg ldNb}g . g]sfk @)$*, lg0f{o g+= $$$$,lgj]bs sl/:df ODk]S; kfgLkf]v/L sf7df8f}+sfk|f]kfO6/ a;Gt zdf{ lj?4 g]zgn 6«\]l8«ª lnld6]86]s' ;d]tsf] pTk|]if0f, k[i7 *(! sf] lgj]bgdfs/f/sf kIfx¿n] cfkm\gf] cfjZostf cg's"nsfg"gåf/f lgif]w gul/Psf] zt{ aGb]hx¿ /fvLkf/:kfl/s xs bfloTjsf] l;h{gf ug]{ ePsf]n]s/f/åf/f l;lh{t xs bfloTjnfO{ ;+j}wflgs Pj+sfg"gL xs bfloTjsf] :t/df /fVg ldNb}g,;+j}wflgs Pj+ sfg"gL xs clwsf/sf] k|rngsf]nf lu /x ]sf ] o; cbfntsf ] c;fwf/0fclwsf/If]qsf] k|of]u s/f/sf kIfåf/f l;lh{t xs

clwsf/sf] k|rng nflu x'g g:fSg]Æ eGg] l;4fGtk|ltkfbg ePsf] b]lvG5 .

$= k|:t't lgj]bgdf zfxL g]kfn uNkmSnjsf] gful/s p8\oog k|flws/0f;Fu ePsf]@)$ .̂(.@$ / @)%*.$.# df ePsf ;Demf}tfsf]cfwf/df lgj]bsnfO{ ljjflbt hUufdf uNkm sf];{;~rfng, ljsf; lj:tf/ ug]{, v]ns'b ;+rfng ug]{xs l;h{gf ePsf] eGg] egfO /xL ;Demf}tfsf] csf]{kIf gful/s p8\8og k|flws/0fn] ;f] ;Demf}tf ab/x'g] eGg] k|ltlglw;ef ;fj{hlgs n]vf ;ldltsf]@)%*.̂ .@( sf] lgb]{zg;Dd eO{ ;Demf}tfsf] csf]{kIf gful/s p8\8og k|flws/0fs} @)%(.%.@$ sf]lg0f{oadf]lhd ;Demf}tf ab/ ul/lbPsf] b]lvG5 .To:tf] ;Demf}tf ab/ u/]af6 ;Demf}tfsf] csf]{ kIfnfO{dsf{ k/]df To;sf] lgbfg ug{] pkfo cyf{t;Demf}tfåf/f l;lh{t xs bfloTj k|rng u/fpg];DaGWfdf s/f/ P]g, @)%^ sf] Joj:Yff nfu" x'g]egL ;Demf}tf kqd} pNn]v eO{ s/f/Lo bfloTj Pj+xs sfg"gL xs Pj+ ;+j}wflgs xseGbf k[ys eO{To:tf] xs kl/rfng ug{ c;fwf/0f clwsf/If]qsf]af6f] pko'Qm gx'g] eGg] l;4fGt;d]t k|ltkfbg ePsf]kl/k|]Iodf lgj]bssf] dfuadf]lhdsf] cfb]z hf/Lug{ ldn]g . k|:t't lgj]bg vf/]h x'g] x75{ . ldl;nlgodadf]lhd a'emfO{ lbg" .

pQm /fodf d ;xdt 5' .Gof=s[i0fk|;fb pkfWofoOlt ;+jt\ @)^^ j}zfv @@ ut] /f]h # z'ed\\ ===Ohnf; clws[t -pk–;lrj_ sljk|;fb Gof}kfg]

lg0f{o g+= *!@# ;fpg, @)^^

;jf]{Rr cbfnt, ;+o'Qm Ohnf;dfggLo GofofwLz >L cg"k/fh zdf{

dfggLo GofofwLz >L k|]d zdf{;+jt\ @)^@ ;fnsf] l/6 g+======@^^%

km};nf ldltM @)^^.@.!!.@


613613613613613


ljifoM pTk|]if0fo'Qm k/dfb]z .

lgj]bsM lhNnf df]/Ë d[uf}lnof uf=lj=; j8f g+=( l:yt e'Ns] b]jL kmlg{r/ pBf]usf

k|f] sdns'df/ vjf;lj?4

ljkIfLM g]kfn ljB't k|flws/0f j]njf/L zfvfdf]/ª ;d]t

§ ljB 't vkt u/ ]a fktsf ] ljB 'tljB 't vkt u/ ]a fktsf ] ljB 'tljB 't vkt u/ ]a fktsf ] ljB 'tljB 't vkt u/ ]a fktsf ] ljB 'tljB 't vkt u/ ]a fktsf ] ljB 'tdx;"n a'emfO{ ;s]sf] 5' egL eGgdx;"n a'emfO{ ;s]sf] 5' egL eGgdx;"n a'emfO{ ;s]sf] 5' egL eGgdx;"n a'emfO{ ;s]sf] 5' egL eGgdx;"n a'emfO{ ;s]sf] 5' egL eGgg;sL ljkIfL g]kfn ljB't k|flws/0fg;sL ljkIfL g]kfn ljB't k|flws/0fg;sL ljkIfL g]kfn ljB't k|flws/0fg;sL ljkIfL g]kfn ljB't k|flws/0fg;sL ljkIfL g]kfn ljB't k|flws/0fj]njf/Ln] lgj]bssf] pBf]udf h8fgj]njf/Ln] lgj]bssf] pBf]udf h8fgj]njf/Ln] lgj]bssf] pBf]udf h8fgj]njf/Ln] lgj]bssf] pBf]udf h8fgj]njf/Ln] lgj]bssf] pBf]udf h8fgePsf ] nfOg sf6 ]sf ] sfo {nfO {ePsf ] nfOg sf6 ]sf ] sfo {nfO {ePsf ] nfOg sf6 ]sf ] sfo {nfO {ePsf ] nfOg sf6 ]sf ] sfo {nfO {ePsf ] nfOg sf6 ]sf ] sfo {nfO {sfg"gljk/Ltsf] sfo{ dfGg gldNg] .sfg"gljk/Ltsf] sfo{ dfGg gldNg] .sfg"gljk/Ltsf] sfo{ dfGg gldNg] .sfg"gljk/Ltsf] sfo{ dfGg gldNg] .sfg"gljk/Ltsf] sfo{ dfGg gldNg] .

-k|s/0f g+=$_§ lgj]bsn] ljB't k|flws/0fn] nfOglgj]bsn] ljB't k|flws/0fn] nfOglgj]bsn] ljB't k|flws/0fn] nfOglgj]bsn] ljB't k|flws/0fn] nfOglgj]bsn] ljB't k|flws/0fn] nfOg

sfl6lbPsf] sf/0faf6 cfkm"nfO{ kg{sfl6lbPsf] sf/0faf6 cfkm"nfO{ kg{sfl6lbPsf] sf/0faf6 cfkm"nfO{ kg{sfl6lbPsf] sf/0faf6 cfkm"nfO{ kg{sfl6lbPsf] sf/0faf6 cfkm"nfO{ kg{uPsf ] xfgL gf ]S;fgLsf ] Ifltk"lt {uPsf ] xfgL gf ]S;fgLsf ] Ifltk"lt {uPsf ] xfgL gf ]S;fgLsf ] Ifltk"lt {uPsf ] xfgL gf ]S;fgLsf ] Ifltk"lt {uPsf ] xfgL gf ]S;fgLsf ] Ifltk"lt {afktsf] /sd lbnfO{ e/fO{ kfpmFafktsf] /sd lbnfO{ e/fO{ kfpmFafktsf] /sd lbnfO{ e/fO{ kfpmFafktsf] /sd lbnfO{ e/fO{ kfpmFafktsf] /sd lbnfO{ e/fO{ kfpmFegL sfg "gadf ] lhd k 'g/ fj ]bgegL sfg "gadf ] lhd k 'g/ fj ]bgegL sfg "gadf ] lhd k 'g/ fj ]bgegL sfg "gadf ] lhd k 'g/ fj ]bgegL sfg "gadf ] lhd k 'g/ fj ]bgcbfntdf hfg'kg]{df sfg"gn] k|bfgcbfntdf hfg'kg]{df sfg"gn] k|bfgcbfntdf hfg'kg]{df sfg"gn] k|bfgcbfntdf hfg'kg]{df sfg"gn] k|bfgcbfntdf hfg'kg]{df sfg"gn] k|bfgu/ ]sf ] j }slNks pkrf/sf ] af6f ]u/ ]sf ] j }slNks pkrf/sf ] af6f ]u/ ]sf ] j }slNks pkrf/sf ] af6f ]u/ ]sf ] j }slNks pkrf/sf ] af6f ]u/ ]sf ] j }slNks pkrf/sf ] af6f ]cjnDag gu/L o; cbfntsf ]cjnDag gu/L o; cbfntsf ]cjnDag gu/L o; cbfntsf ]cjnDag gu/L o; cbfntsf ]cjnDag gu/L o; cbfntsf ]c;fwf/0 f clwsf/If ]qsf ] af6f ]c;fwf/0 f clwsf/If ]qsf ] af6f ]c;fwf/0 f clwsf/If ]qsf ] af6f ]c;fwf/0 f clwsf/If ]qsf ] af6f ]c;fwf/0 f clwsf/If ]qsf ] af6f ]c +ufnL l/6 If ]qaf6 k|j ]z u/]sf ]c +ufnL l/6 If ]qaf6 k|j ]z u/]sf ]c +ufnL l/6 If ]qaf6 k|j ]z u/]sf ]c +ufnL l/6 If ]qaf6 k|j ]z u/]sf ]c +ufnL l/6 If ]qaf6 k|j ]z u/]sf ]sfo{ sfg"g;+ut gb]lvg] .sfo{ sfg"g;+ut gb]lvg] .sfo{ sfg"g;+ut gb]lvg] .sfo{ sfg"g;+ut gb]lvg] .sfo{ sfg"g;+ut gb]lvg] .

-k|s/0f g+=%_

lgj]bs tkm{af6MljkIfL tkm{af6McjnlDjt ghL/M;Da4 sfg"gM• g]kfn ljw't k|flws/0f P]g, @)$! sf] bkmf @(,@#, @^

km};nfGof=cg"k/fh zdf{Gof=cg"k/fh zdf{Gof=cg"k/fh zdf{Gof=cg"k/fh zdf{Gof=cg"k/fh zdf{M g]kfn clw/fHosf]

;+ljwfg @)$& sf] wf/f @# Pj+ **-@_ adf]lhdo; cbfntdf bfo/ x'g cfPsf] k|:t't l/6lgj]bgsf] l6kf]6 / cfb]z o; k|sf/ 5M–

d lgj]bsn] clws[t k"FhL ?=!,)),))).–, l:y/ k"FhL ?=%%,))).– / rfn" k'FhL ?=$%,))).–/fvL ;fgf pBf]u cGtu{t e'Ns]b]jL kmlg{r/ pBf]uk|fOe]6 kmd{ /lhi6«]zg P]g, @)!$ adf]lhd 3/]n'tyf ;fgf pBf]u sfof{no df]/Ë lj/f6gu/af6k | f =km =g + = 3=df ] #*)).)%#.)%$ ldlt@)%#.*.!&.@ df btf{ ul//fv]sf] lyPF . ldlt@)%^.!).!) df pBf]u P]g, lgodadf]lhd k"FhLkl/jt{g u/L rfn" k"FhL @,$%,))).– sfod u/L;f]xL ldltb]lv pBf]u ;~rfng u/]sf] lyP . pBf]u;~rfng ug{'k"j{ @)%^.(.% df lgodfg';f/ ljB'tdL6/ h8fg ug{ nfUg] w/f}6Lafkt ? !%)).–,ldlt @)%^.(.^ df dL6/afkt ? #(@).– ;]jfb:t"/afkt ? @)).– / ;6\8fpgafkt ? %)).–;d]t hDdf ? $^@).– bflvn u/L /l;b k|fKtu/]kZrft\ ;f] /l;b g]kfn ljB't k|flws0f j]njf/Lzfvfdf k]z u/]kl5 ;f]xL ldltdf ljkIfLaf6 d]/f]pBf]u /x]sf] 3/df ljB'tsf] d]g dL6/ h8fgu/L cfkm\gf] sf/vfgf ;~rfng u/L cfPsf]dfldlt @)^).!@.@( ut] d sf/vfgfdf gePsf];dodf ljkIfLx¿ /f]zg cu|jfn / O{Zj/L 7s'/Ld]/f] sf/vfgfdf k|j]z u/L ljB'tsf] nfOg sf6LdL6/ km'sfnL tf/ ;d]t cfkm\gf] sfof{nodfnuL/fv]sf] s'/f d}n] d]/f] pBf]usf sd{Rff/Lx¿af6yfxf kfO{ sfof{nodf uO{ s] slt sf/0fn] d]/f]nfOg sfl6of] egL a'em\bf sfof{no k|d'vaf6 ;f];DaGwdf s]xL atfpg grfx]kl5 d}n] ljkIfLg]kfn ljB't k|flws/0f k|wfg sfof{nodf ph"/LlbPsf]df k|wfg sfof{noaf6 pQm zfvfdf s}lkmotk|ltj]bg dfu ePsf]df zfvfn] lbPsf] s}lkmot

614614614614614

k|ltj]bgdf dL6/;d]tsf ;+/rgfx¿ j]jf/];]cj:yfdf /x]sf]n] vf]nL zfvf sfof{nodf /flvPsf]5 eGg] n]lvcfPsf] x'Fbf ;f]xL sfof{nodf u} a'em\geg]kZrft\ s] k|ltj]bg k|fKt x'g cfPsf] 5 ;f]sf]gSsn kfpmF eGbf gSsn klg lbOPg . o;/LljkIfLx¿af6 dnfO{ s'g} ;"rgf g} glbO{ k|fs[ltsGofosf] l;4fGt k|lts"n x'g] u/L d]/f] sf/vfgfdfhl8t nfOg sf6L ljB't dL6/;lxtsf ]ljB't;DaGwL ;Dk"0f{ ;+/rgfx¿ vf]nL km'sfnLnu]sf]n] ljkIfLsf] pQm sfo{ g]kfn ljB't k|flws/0fP]g, @)$! sf] bkmf @# Pj+ g]kfn clw/fHosf];+ljwfg @)$& sf] wf/f !& / !@ -@_ sf] b]xfo-ª_ k|bQ df}lns xsdf ;d]t cf3ft k/]sf] x'FbfljkIfLsf] pQm sfd sf/jfxL pTk|]if0fsf] cfb]zåf/fab/ u/L ljB't;DaGwL ;Dk"0f{ ;+/rgfx¿sf/vfgfdf h8fg u/L lbg' egL / ldlt@)^!.!@.@( b]lv nfOg sf6L sf/vfgf aGb ePsf]sf/0faf6 x'g uPsf] jf:tljs xflggf]S;fgLsf]Ifltk"lt{ ;d]t lgj]bsnfO{ lbg' eGg] Joxf]/fsf]k/dfb]zsf] cfb]z ;d]t hf/L ul/kfpmF eGg]Joxf]/fsf] lgj]bssf] lgj]bg .

o:df s] s;f] ePsf] xf], lgj]bssf]lgj]bg dfuadf]lhdsf] cfb]z lsg hf/L x'ggkg]{ xf] < of] cfb]z k|fKt ePsf ldltn] af6fsfDofbafx]s !% lbgleq lnlvt hjfkm lnO{ cfkm}jf cfkm\gf] k|ltlglwåf/f pkl:Yft x'g' egLljkIfLx¿nfO{ ;"rgf k7fO{ lnlvt hjfkm k|fKtePkZrft\ jf cjlw gf3]kl5 lgodadf]lhdu/L k]z ug'{ eGg] o; cbfnt Ps GofofwLzsf]cfb]z .

lgj]bssf] lgj]bg dfu ;To 5}g .lgj]bssf] s'g} klg xsclwsf/ xfdLx¿af6 xgg\ePsf] 5}g . ;+ljwfgsf] wf/f !& n] k|bfg u/]sf];DklQ;DaGwL xs sfg"gn] lgwf{/0f u/] adf]lhddfq} pkef]u ug{ kfpg] x'Fbf To;nfO{ lg/k]If xsdfGg gldNg] s'/f ldlyn]zs'df/ l;+x lj?4 g]kfn

;/sf/ ePsf] d'2fdf l;4fGt k|ltkfbg e} ;s]sf]cj:yfdf ljB't k|flws/0f P]g, @)$! sf] bkmf@# adf]lhd k|fKt clwsf/ k|of]u u/L lgj]bspk/ePsf] sf/jfxLn] s'g} df}lns xs xgg\ x'g uPsf]5}g . g]kfn ljB't k|flws/0f P]g, @)$! sf] bkmf@# adf]lhd s'g} u|fxsn] ljB't k|flws/0fnfO{a'emfpg' kg]{ dx;"n, h/Ljfgf, Ifltk"lt{, cltl/Qmz'Ns cGo z'Ns ga'emfPdf jf cgflwsf/ ¿kdfk|of]u u/]df k|flws/0fn] To:tf] Uf|fxsnfO{ lbO{/fv]sf] ljB't nfOg sf6\g ;Sg]5 eGg] sfg"gLJoj:yf ePadf]lhd g} lghsf] ljB'tsf] nfOgsfl6Psf] xf] . g]kfn ljB't k|flws/0f / lghsf]aLrdf s/f/Lo bfloTj ePsf] cj:Yffdf ljkIfLlgj]bsn] cfkm\gf] bfloTj k"/f gu/]sf] x'Fbfsfg"gadf]lhd g} lghsf] gfddf h8fg ul/Psf]ljB't nfOg sfl6Psf] xf] . sfg"gadf]lhd ePu/]sf sfdsf] lj?4df l/6 hf/L x'g g;Sg] ePsf]x'Fbf lgj]bg vf/]h ul/kfpmF eGg] Joxf]/fsf] g]kfnljB't k|flws/0f k|wfg sfof{no;d]tsf ;j}ljkIfLx¿sf] tkm{af6 k|fKt x'g cfPsf] lnlvthjfkm .

lgodadf]lhd cfhsf] b}lgs d'2f k]zL;"rLdf r9L Ohnf;;dIf k]z x'g cfPsf] k|:t'tlgj]bgdf ldl;n ;fd]n /x]sf] lgj]bg Pj+ lnlvthjfkm;d]tsf sfuhftx¿ cWoog u/Llgj]bssf] lgj]bg dfuadf]lhdsf] cfb]z hf/Lx'g] gx'g] ;DaGwdf lg0f{o lbg'kg]{ x'g cfof] .

@= lg0f{otkm{ ljrf/ ubf{, lgj]bskmlg{r/ pBf]u k|fOe]6 kmd{ /lhi6«]zg P]g, @)!$adf]lhd 3/]n' tyf ;fgf pBf]u sfof{no df]/ªdf@)%#.*.!& df btf{ e} @)%^.(.% df ljB't dL6/h8fg ug{ nfUg] w/f}6L ?=!%)).–, @)%^.(.^ dfdL6/afkt ?=#,(@).–, ;]jf b:t"/ afkt ?=@)).–/ ;6\8fpg afkt ?=%)).– ;d]t u/L hDdf ?$,^@).–, hDdf u/]kZrft\ ;f]xL ldltdf ljkIfLljB't k|flws/0f j]njf/L zfvfn] pBf]u /x]sf]]

*!@# *!@# *!@# *!@# *!@# - sdns'df/ vjf; lj=g]kfn ljB't k|f= j]naf/L ;d]t sdns'df/ vjf; lj=g]kfn ljB't k|f= j]naf/L ;d]t sdns'df/ vjf; lj=g]kfn ljB't k|f= j]naf/L ;d]t sdns'df/ vjf; lj=g]kfn ljB't k|f= j]naf/L ;d]t sdns'df/ vjf; lj=g]kfn ljB't k|f= j]naf/L ;d]t

615615615615615


3/df ljB'tsf] d]g dL6/ h8fg u/L lbPkZrft\@)%^.!).!) ut]b]lv pBf]u ;~rfng e}cfPsf]df @)^).!@.@( ut] ljB't nfOg sf6]sf]b]lvof] .

#= lgj]bs e'Ns]b ]jL kmlg {r/pBf]usf k|f]=sdns'df/ vjf;n] @)%#.*.!& dfkmlg{r/ pBf]u btf{ u/L sfg"gadf]lhd nfUg]b:t"/ ;d]t a'emfO{ ljB'tsf] nfOg h8fg u/Lldlt @)%^.!).!) b]lv pBf]u ;+rfng e};s]kZrft\ ljkIfL ljB't k|flws/0f j]njf/L zfvfdf]/ªaf6 @)^).!@.@( df pBf]udf h8fg ePsf]ljB'tsf] nfOg sf6]sf] s'/fdf b'j} kIfsf] c;xdlt/x]sf] b]lvPg .

$= g ]kfn ljB 't k | f lws/0fn ]lgj]bssf] gfddf h8fg u/]sf] ljB'tsf] nfOgsf6\g ldNg] xf] xf]Og eGg] ;DaGwdf e}/x]sf]sfg"gL Joj:Yff x]bf{, g]kfn ljB't k|flws/0f P]g,@)$! sf] bkmf @^ df, æs'g} u|fxsn] k|flws/0fnfO{a'emfpg' kg]{ dx;"n h/Ljfgf Ifltk"lt{ cltl/Qmz'Ns cGo z'Ns tyf ltg{ a'emfpg' kg]{ cGo/sd tf]lsPsf] ;doleq ga'emfPdf jf ljB'tsf]cgflwsf/ k|of]u u/]df k|flws/0fn] To:tf]u|fxsnfO{ lbO/fv]sf] nfOg sf6\g ;Sg]5Æ eGg]sfg"gL Joj:Yff ePsf] cj:Yffdf lgj]bsn]sfg"gsf] kfng gu/]sf] cj:Yffdf ljB't nfOgsf6\g gkfOg] eGg] b]lvg cfpFb}g . lgj]bsn]cfkm\gf] lgj]bsdf d}n] ljB't k|flws/0fnfO{ ljB'tvkt u/]afktsf] ljB't dx;"n a'emfO{ ;s]sf] 5'egL eGg g;s]sf] cj:yfdf ljkIfL g]kfn ljB'tk|flws/0f j]njf/L zfvf -df]/ª_ n] lgj]bssf]pBf]udf h8fg ePsf] nfOg sf6]sf] sfo{nfO{sfg"gljk/Ltsf] sfo{ eGg / dfGg ldNg] cj:Yffb]lvg cfpFb}g .

%= g]kfn ljB't k|flws/0f P]g,@)$! sf] bkmf #( sf æk|flws/0f jfbL jf k|ltjfbLePsf] d'2fsf] z'? sf/jfxL / lsgf/f ug]{ clwsf/

k'g/fj]bg cbfntnfO{ x'g]5Æ eGg] sfg"gL Joj:YffePsf] cj:yfdf oL lgj]bssf] gfddf h8fgePsf] ljB'tsf] nfOg ljkIfL ljB't k|flws/0faf6sf6L lbPkZrft\ lgj]bsn] nfOg sfl6lbPsf]sf/0faf6 cfkm"nfO{ kg{ uPsf] xflg gf]S;flgsf]Ifltk"lt{afktsf] /sd lbnfO{ e/fO{ kfpmF egLsfg"gadf]lhd k'g/fj]bg cbfntdf hfg'kg]{dfsfg"gn] k|bfg u/]sf] j}slNks pkrf/sf] af6f]cjnDag gu/L o; cbfntsf] c;fwf/0fclwsf/If]qsf] af6f] c+ufnL l/6 If]qaf6 k|j]zu/]sf] sfo{ sfg"g;+ut b]lvPg .

^= t;y{ lgj]bsn] cfkm\gf] gfddfh8fg ePsf] ljB't nfOg ljkIfLx¿n] g]kfn ljB'tk|flws/0f P]g, @)$! sf] bkmf @# adf]lhd sf6LlbPkZrft\ ;f]xL P]gsf] bkmf @( adf]lhd Ifltk"lt{;d]tsf] bfjL lnO{ k'g/fj]bg cbfntdf hfg' kg]{dfj}slNks pkrf/sf] af6f] k|of]u gu/L c;fwf/0fclwsf/If]q k|of]u u/L o; cbfntdf k|j]z u/]sf]sfo{ sfg"gL ¿kdf q'l6k"0f{ x'Fbf lgj]bg vf/]h x'g]7x5{ . ldl;n lgodadf]lhd a'emfO{ lbg" .pQm /fodf d ;xdt 5' .Gof=k|]d zdf{Olt ;+jt\ @)^^ ;fn h]7 !! ut] /f]h @ z'ed\\Ohnf; clws[tM df]xg/fh e§/fO{

lg0f{o g+= *!@$ ;fpg, @)^^

;jf]{Rr cbfnt, ;+o'Qm Ohnf;dfggLo GofofwLz >L cg"k/fh zdf{dfggLo GofofwLz >L ;'zLnf sfsL{;+Djt @)%( ;fnsf] b]=k'=g+====*#$%

km};nf ldltM @)^%.!@.@%.#d'2fM xs lgvgfO{ kfpmF .

k'g/fj]bsM k|ltjfbL lhNnf ;Kt/L, uf=lj=;= sfrg,j8f g+ ^ a:g] dxfjtL rf}w/L

lj?4

616616616616616

k|ToyL{M lhNnf ;Kt/L, uf=lj=;= sfrg, j8f g+ #a:g] ;d gf/fo0f b]jL ;fx ;d]t

z'? lg0f{o ug]{ Mdf=lh=Gof=>L k|sfzrGb| uh'/]n

k'g/fj]bg lg0f{o ug]{M–df=d'=GofM>L zf/bfk|;fb kl08tdf=Gof=>L nId0fdl0f l/;fn

§ s]jn Ps 7fp Fdf ;fdfGo eGbfs ]jn Ps 7fp Fdf ;fdfGo eGbfs ]jn Ps 7fp Fdf ;fdfGo eGbfs ]jn Ps 7fp Fdf ;fdfGo eGbfs ]jn Ps 7fp Fdf ;fdfGo eGbf;fdfGo n]vfOsf] Ifdfof]Uo q'l6;Dd;fdfGo n]vfOsf] Ifdfof]Uo q'l6;Dd;fdfGo n]vfOsf] Ifdfof]Uo q'l6;Dd;fdfGo n]vfOsf] Ifdfof]Uo q'l6;Dd;fdfGo n]vfOsf] Ifdfof]Uo q'l6;DdeO{ n ]gb ]g Jojxf/sf ] !! g +=dfeO { n ]gb ]g Jojxf/sf ] !! g +=dfeO { n ]gb ]g Jojxf/sf ] !! g +=dfeO { n ]gb ]g Jojxf/sf ] !! g +=dfeO { n ]gb ]g Jojxf/sf ] !! g +=dfePsf] sfg"gL Joj:yfg';f/ lnvtePsf] sfg"gL Joj:yfg';f/ lnvtePsf] sfg"gL Joj:yfg';f/ lnvtePsf] sfg"gL Joj:yfg';f/ lnvtePsf] sfg"gL Joj:yfg';f/ lnvtePsf] ldltn] ^ dlxgf;Dddf yfxfePsf] ldltn] ^ dlxgf;Dddf yfxfePsf] ldltn] ^ dlxgf;Dddf yfxfePsf] ldltn] ^ dlxgf;Dddf yfxfePsf] ldltn] ^ dlxgf;Dddf yfxfkfPsf] ldltn] #% lbgleq g} k|:t'tkfPsf] ldltn] #% lbgleq g} k|:t'tkfPsf] ldltn] #% lbgleq g} k|:t'tkfPsf] ldltn] #% lbgleq g} k|:t'tkfPsf] ldltn] #% lbgleq g} k|:t'tlkm/fb kq k/ ]sf ] k | i6 b ] lvPsf ]lkm/fb kq k/ ]sf ] k | i6 b ] lvPsf ]lkm/fb kq k/ ]sf ] k | i6 b ] lvPsf ]lkm/fb kq k/ ]sf ] k | i6 b ] lvPsf ]lkm/fb kq k/ ]sf ] k | i6 b ] lvPsf ]cj:yfdf xbDofbljxLg 5 egL cy{cj:yfdf xbDofbljxLg 5 egL cy{cj:yfdf xbDofbljxLg 5 egL cy{cj:yfdf xbDofbljxLg 5 egL cy{cj:yfdf xbDofbljxLg 5 egL cy{ug{ gldNg] .ug{ gldNg] .ug{ gldNg] .ug{ gldNg] .ug{ gldNg] .

-k|s/0f g+=$_§ cfkm"x¿sf] w/f}6 ;d]taf6 lgvgfO{cfkm"x¿sf] w/f}6 ;d]taf6 lgvgfO{cfkm"x¿sf] w/f}6 ;d]taf6 lgvgfO{cfkm"x¿sf] w/f}6 ;d]taf6 lgvgfO{cfkm"x¿sf] w/f}6 ;d]taf6 lgvgfO{

lbP d~h"/ 5 egL z'? lkm/fb kqd}lbP d~h"/ 5 egL z'? lkm/fb kqd}lbP d~h"/ 5 egL z'? lkm/fb kqd}lbP d~h"/ 5 egL z'? lkm/fb kqd}lbP d~h"/ 5 egL z'? lkm/fb kqd}n]vfO{ lbPaf6 ;d]t xsb}ofljxLgn]vfO{ lbPaf6 ;d]t xsb}ofljxLgn]vfO{ lbPaf6 ;d]t xsb}ofljxLgn]vfO{ lbPaf6 ;d]t xsb}ofljxLgn]vfO{ lbPaf6 ;d]t xsb}ofljxLglkm/fbkq u|x0f u/L v08] w/f}6af6lkm/fbkq u|x0f u/L v08] w/f}6af6lkm/fbkq u|x0f u/L v08] w/f}6af6lkm/fbkq u|x0f u/L v08] w/f}6af6lkm/fbkq u|x0f u/L v08] w/f}6af6lgvgfO{ lbPsf] eGg gldNg] .lgvgfO{ lbPsf] eGg gldNg] .lgvgfO{ lbPsf] eGg gldNg] .lgvgfO{ lbPsf] eGg gldNg] .lgvgfO{ lbPsf] eGg gldNg] .

-k|s/0f g+=%_

k'g/fj]bs k|ltjfbLsf] tkm{af6M ljåfg jl/i7clwjQmf >L s[i0fk|;fb e08f/L, lj4fgclwjQmfx? df]= z]v cAjf; / t]hgf/fo0f rf}w/L

k|ToyL{ jfbL tkm{af6M ljåfg jl/i7 clwjQmf >Ldxfb]j ofbj

cjnlDjt ghL/M;Da4 sfg"gM§ n]gb]g Jojxf/sf] !! g+=§ /lhi6«]zgsf] #% g+=

km};nfGof=cg"k/fh zdf{Gof=cg"k/fh zdf{Gof=cg"k/fh zdf{Gof=cg"k/fh zdf{Gof=cg"k/fh zdf{M Gofo k|zf;g P]g,

@)$* sf] bkmf ( adf]lhd k'g/fj]bg cbfnt/fhlj/fhsf] km};nfpk/ k|ltjfbLsf] tkm{af6k'g/fj]bg kq bfo/ x'g cfPsf] k|:t't d'2fsf];+lIfKt tYo Pj+ 7x/ o; k|sf/ 5 M –

;fljs hUufwgL dGbflsgLsf gfpFbtf{sf] lh=;=uf=lj=;=sfrg j8f g+ ^ ls=g+= #)sf] )–!(–!^ hUufsf] xfdLx¿sf] klt lktf/l;nfn ;fx xs k|fKt df]xL eO{ ;f] hUuf sdfO{cfO{ hUufwgLn] kfpg] s't ;fljs hUufwgLnfO{a'emfpFb} cfO/fv]sf] cj:yfdf ;f] hUuf gfd;f/Lbflvn vf/]h eO{ k|ltjfbLdWo]sf Hjfnf ;fxsf]gfpFdf btf{ x'g uPsf]df klt lktf /l;nfn ;fxldlt @)#!.!!.* df :juL{o x'g' eof] . pxfFsf]xs ck'tfnL vfg] xfdL :jf:gL 5f]/f eO{ ;f]hUufsf] ;fn–;fnsf] s't hUufwgLnfO{ a'emfpFb}cfPsf 5f} . k|ltjfbL Hjfnf ;fxn] ;f] hUufdxfjtL rf}w/LnfO{ y}nL ? %(,))). df ljqmLu/L /=g+=@!& ldlt @)$&.$.!& df kfl/t u/LlbPsf] s'/f @)$*.!).!% df yfxf kfO{ k|ltjfbLdWo]sf dxfjtLnfO{ k/]sf] y}nL / /lhi6«]zg b:t"/;d]t bfv]n u/L dfnkf]t sfof{no ;Kt/Ldfb/vf:t u/]sf]df ;f] sfof{nosf] xs;kmL u/Llng kfpg] 7x5{ eGg] @)%!.^.!! sf] km};nfpk/k'g/fj]bg cbfnt /fhlj/fhdf k'g/fj]bg k/Ld'=P]g /lhi6«]zgsf] #%-@_ cg';f/ #% lbgleq;DalGwt cbfntdf gfn]; ug{ hfg' egL ;'gfpg'kg]{df g;'gfO{ u/]sf] lg0f{o sfg"gcg'¿k gx'Fbfab/ ul/lbPsf] 5 . gfn]; ug{ hfg' egL b'j}kIfnfO{ ;'gfO{ b'j} kIfnfO{ tf/]v tf]sL dfnkf]tsfof{nodf k7fO{ lbg' eGg] k'g/fj]bg cbfntaf6ePsf] km};nf kZrft\ dfnkf]t sfof{no ;Kt/Laf6P]gsf Dofb #% lbgleq ;DalGwt ;Kt/L lhNnfcbfntdf gfn]; ug{ hfg' egL cfb]z ;'gfPsf]

*!@$ *!@$ *!@$ *!@$ *!@$ - dxfjtL rf}w/L lj= ;d gf/fo0f b]jL ;fx ;d]t dxfjtL rf}w/L lj= ;d gf/fo0f b]jL ;fx ;d]t dxfjtL rf}w/L lj= ;d gf/fo0f b]jL ;fx ;d]t dxfjtL rf}w/L lj= ;d gf/fo0f b]jL ;fx ;d]t dxfjtL rf}w/L lj= ;d gf/fo0f b]jL ;fx ;d]t

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ldltn] #% lbgleq gfn]; ug{cfPsf] 5' . k|ltjfbLdxfjtL rf}w/Ln] k|ltjfbL Hjfnf ;fxaf6 vl/bu/]sf] plNnlvt hUufsf] xsdf w/f}6L /fv]sf]y}nL ? %(,))). / /lhi6«]zg b:t"/ a'emL lnO{ ;f]hUuf xfdL jfbLx¿n] lgvgfO{ lng kfpg] u/Lxs sfod ul/kfpmF eGg] ;d]t Joxf]/fsf] jfbLsf]lkm/fb kq .

k|:t"t d'2fdf xsb}of eGg] s'/fsf]xfn;Dd klg k|Zgjfrs lrGx nflu/x]sf] cj:yfx'Fbf /l;nfnsf] kTgL 5f]/fx¿ dWo] hUufwgLn]h;nfO{ df]xLdf kTofpF5 p;}n] d'2f ug'{kg]{df ;f]gu/L v08] tj/af6 /l;nfnsf kTgL 5f]/fx¿ldnL gfn]; u/]sf] k|:t't d'2fdf xsb}of s;sf]x'g] eGg] s'/fdf lgSof{}n gePsf]n] k|:t"t d'2fvf/]h ul/kfpmF eGg] ;d]t Joxf]/fsf] k|ltjbLdxfjtL rf}w/Lsf] k|ltpQ/ kq .

# hgfn] ;+o'Qm w/f}6 /fv]sf]df cfˆgf]w/f}6 c?nfO{ ;'lDkg] jf ;dk{0f ug{ afWo ug]{sfg"gL Joj:yf gx'Fbf bfjLcg';f/ # hgfn] w/f}6/fv]sf] # hgfs} gfpFdf xs;kmL x'g] u/L v08]xs;kmL x'g ;Sg] cj:yf 5}g . jfbL bfjL em"¶fxf] eGg] ;d]t Joxf]/fsf] k|ltjfbL Hjfnf ;fxsf]k|ltpQ/ kq .

xsb}of / xbDofbljxLg lkm/fb c=a+ !*)g+=adf]lhd vf/]h x'g] 7x5{ eGg] ;d]t Joxf]/fsf]ldlt @)%&.%.!(.@ sf] ;Kt/L lhNnf cbfntsf]km};nf .

n]gb]g Jojxf/sf] !@ g+=/ /lhi6«]zgsf]## g+= adf]lhdsf] Dofbleq} y}nL /fv]sf] x'FbfxbDofb gf3]sf] 5}g . k|df0f a'emL OG;fkm ug'{kg]{dfvf/]h u/]sf] z'?sf] q'l6k"0f{ km};nf pN6fO{ jfbLbfjLadf]lhd ul/kfpmF eGg] ;d]t Joxf]/fsf]jfbLx¿sf] k'g/fj]bg cbfntdf k/]sf] k'g/fj]bgkq .

o;df @)$*.$.!& df lnvt kfl/tePsf] s'/f @)$*.!).!% df yfxf kfPsf] egL

ldlt @)$*.!!.@) df btf{ ug{ NofPsf] lkm/fbnfO{n]gb]g Jojxf/sf] !!g+= sf] xbDofb g3fO{ bfo/ePsf] eGg] ;d]t cfwf/df lkm/fb vf/]h ug]{7x/fPsf] km};nf km/s kg{ ;Sg] b]lvFbf c=a+=@)@g+=adf]lhd 5nkmn lgldQ k|ToyL{ lemsfO{lgodfg';f/ k]z ug'{ eGg] @)%*.$.@#.# sf]k'g/fj]bg cbfntsf] cfb]z .

jfbLsf] lkm/fb xbDofbleqsf] 5}g . v08]w/f}6af6 xs lgvGg] sfg"gL Joj:yf gePsf]n]z'? OG;fkm ;b/ x'g'k5{ eGg] ;d]t Joxf]/fsf]dxfjtL rf}w/Lsf] lnlvt k|ltjfb .

o;df ldlt @)$*.!).!% df ^ dlxgfleq yfxf kfO{ #% lbgleq ldlt @)$*.!!.@) dflkm/fb k/]sf] b]lvFbf lkm/fb bfjLcg'¿k df]xL nIdL;fx'sf] lgvgfO{ kfpg] xs sfod e} lkm/fbbfjLadf]lhd lghn] lgvgfO{ kfpg] / k|ltjfbLn]dfnkf]t sfof{no ;Kt/Laf6 jfbLx¿n] /fv]sf]w/f}6 p7fO{ lng kfpg] 7x5{ . z'? ;Kt/L lhNnfcbfntn] xbDofbsf] cfwf/df ldlt @)%&.%.!(.@df lgvgfO{ kfpmFF eGg] lkm/fb vf/]h u/]sf] km};nfgldn]sf]n] pN6L x'G5 eGg] ;d]t Joxf]/fsf]k'g/fj]bg cbfnt /fhlj/fhsf] ldlt @)%(.@.!(sf] km};nf .

o;df e"ld;DaGwL P]g, @)@! sf] bkmf@^-!_ adf]lhdsf] sfg"gL Joj:yfg';f/ s;}nfO{df]xL gkTofPsf] cj:yfdf xsflwsf/ljxLg ;+o'Qmlkm/fb bfjL k/]sf] :ki6 5 . n]gb]g Jojxf/sf]!@-!_ g+= cg'';f/ klg ;j}eGbf ghLssf] dsf{kg]{ xsbf/ sf] xf] eGg] klg lkm/fb n]vdf pNn]v5}g . ldlt @)$&.$.!& df kfl/t ePsf] lnvtldlt @)$*.!).!% df yfxf kfPsf] egL ldlt@)$*.!).@) df lkm/fb btf { u/fPsf ]xbDofbljxLg 5 . To:t} ljjfbsf] hUufsf] df]xLcGo JolQmx¿ gePdfq jfbL nIdL ;fxsf] gfpFdfsfod ug'{kg]{df v08] w/f}6 /flvPsf] cj:yfdfcGo jfbLx¿n] ;xdlt hgfPklg c=a+ !##

618618618618618

g+=adf]lhd k|ltjfbLnfO{ g;f]wL cf+lzs xslgvgfO{ lbg] sfg"gL Joj:yf gePsf]df P]g sfg"gljk/Lt cf+lzs xs lgvgfO{ lbg] 7x/fPsf]k'g/fj]bg cbfnt /fhlj/fhsf] km};nf sfg"gLq'l6k"0f{ x'Fbf ;f] km};nf ab/ pN6L u/L k|ltpQ/lhsL/adf]lhd jfbL bfjL vf/]h ug]{ u/]sf] z'?;Kt/L lhNnf cbfntsf] km};nf ;b/ sfodul/kfpmF eGg] ;d]t Joxf]/fsf] k|ltjfbLsf] tkm{af6o; cbfntdf kg{ cfPsf] k|:t't k'g/fj]bg kq .

o;df z'? dfnkf]tdf lkm/fb lbbf+afbLx¿ tLg}hgfn] xs lgvGg bfjL lnPsf]dfclxn] cfP/ ;d'Rr} hUuf Ps} JolQm nIdL ;fxsfgfpFdf dfq lgvGg lbg] 7x¥ofPsf] k'g/fj]bgcbfntsf] km};nf bfjLstf{sf] bfjL eGbf a9Ls'/fdf OG;fkm u/L lbg' lbnfpg' u/]sf] b]lv+g uO{q'l6k"0f{ ePsf] kfObf 5nkmn lgldQ c=a+ @)@g+= adf]lhd ljkIfL lemsfO{ lgodfg';f/ k]z ug'{eGg] o; cbfntsf] cfb]z .

lgodadf]lhd k]zL ;"rLdf r9L lg0f{ofy{Ohnf;;dIf k]z x'g cfPsf] k|:t't d'2fdfk'g/fj]bs k|ltjfbLsf] tkm{af6 pkl:yt ljåfgjl/i7 clwjQmf s[i0fk|;fb e08f/L, clwjQmfx¿df]=z]v cAjf; / t]hgf/fo0f rf}w/Ln] df]xLofgLxs ck'tfnL h:tf] cfg'j+lzs xsjfnfx¿dfa/fa/ lx:;f nfUb}g . ;fljs df]xLsf] d[To'kZrft\sfg"gn] lglb{i6 u/]sf] JolQmx¿ dWo] hUufjfnfn]kTofPsf] JolQmnfO{ dfq To:tf] df]xLofgL xsk|fKt x'g] x'Fbf ljkIfL jfbLx¿ # hgf ldnL ;+o'Qm¿kdf w/f}6 /fvL lkm/fb bfo/ u/]sf] cj:yf x'Fbfv08] xs;fkmL x'g] sfg"gL Joj:yf gePsf]dfPs hgfn] dfq /fv]sf] w/f}6af6 vfDg] u/L cf+lzsxs lgvgfO{ kfpg] 7x/fpg' ;/f;/ uDeL/ sfg"gLq'l6k"0f{ x'g hfG5 . To;df klg ldlt @)$&.$.!&df kfl/t ePsf] lnvtnfO{ k|df0fsf dflg;x¿af6ldlt @)$*.!).!% df yfxf kfO{ P]=!* ut] gSsn;f/L gfn]; u/]sf] eGg] jfbLsf] egfO{af6} k|:t't

d'2fsf] lkm/fb kq xbDofbljxLg 5 . To:t} ljjfbsf]hUufsf] df]xL g} ljlwjt ?kn] s;}nfO{ gkTofPsf]x'Fbf xs lgvgfO{ kfpmF egL lkm/fb bfo/ ug]{xsflwsf/ g} klg jfbLx¿nfO{ gx'Fbf ;f] ;d]tnfO{cfwf/ lnO{ z'? lhNnf cbfntn] jfbL bfjL g}vf/]h u/]sf] ;d]t x'Fbf jfbL bfjL k'Ug] 7x/fPsf]k'g/fj]bg cbfntsf] sfg"gL q'l6 k"0f{ km};nf ab/u/L k|ltpQ/ lhsL/adf]lhd ul/kfpmF eGg] ;d]t/ k|ToyL{ afbLsf] tkm{af6 pkl:yt jl/i7 clwjQmfdxfb]j ofbjn] ljjflbt hUufsf] tYo k|dfl0fteP/} nIdL ;fxnfO{ hUufwgLn] df]xL kTofO{lghsf] gfddf df]xL xs gfd;f/L x'g] u/Le"ld;'wf/ sfof{no ;Kt/Laf6 ldlt @)%!.!.@&df lg0f{o u/]sf] xf] . nIdL;fx pk/ ljjflbthUufsf] s'tjfnL e/fO{ kfpmF egL hUuf wgLn]d'2f lbPaf6 klg Jojxf/ / cfrf/0faf6 lghnIdL ;fx ;f] hUufsf] ljlwjt df]xL ePsf] b]lvPs}5 . jfbLx¿n] ;d]t lgh nIdL ;fxsf gfddfcfˆgf] w/f}6 ;d]taf6 lgvgfO{ lbP dGh"/ 5egL lkm/fb kqdf ;d]t pNn]v u/]s} klg b]lvG5 .km]l/ ;fljssf] df]xLsf] cj;fgkZrft\ lghsf]xsjfnf gft]bf/dWo]sf Ps hgfnfO{ hUufwgLn]afWofTds ¿kdf df]xL /f]Hg' kg]{ g} x'G5 klg .oyfy{ ¿kdf eGg' kbf{ gfd;f/Lsf] sf/jfxL cufl8a9fpFbf k|:t't d'2fsf] lkm/fb ug]{ xbDofb JotLtx'g hfg] ;Defjgf ePsf]n] tLg hgfsf] ;+o'Qmlkm/fb k/]sf] cj:yf x'Fbf xbDofb Pj+ xsb}ofo'Qmlkm/fbkqsf] cfwf/df df}h'bf sfg"gL Joj:yfsf];xL d"NofÍg Pj+ ljj]rgf u/L jfbL bfjLadf]lhdlgvgfO{ lbg] 7x/fPsf] k'g/fj]bg cbfnt/fhlj/fhsf] km};nf sfg"g;Ddt x'Fbf ;f] km};nf;b/} ul/kfpmF eGg] ;d]t Joxf]/fsf] ax; lhsL/;'lgof] .

pk/f]Qmfg';f/sf] b'j} kIfsf sfg"gJoj;foLx¿sf] ax; lhsL/ ;'gL k'g/fj]bg kq;lxtsf] k|:t't d'2fsf] ldl;n ;+nUg ;Dk"0f{

*!@$ *!@$ *!@$ *!@$ *!@$ - dxfjtL rf}w/L lj= ;d gf/fo0f b]jL ;fx ;d]t dxfjtL rf}w/L lj= ;d gf/fo0f b]jL ;fx ;d]t dxfjtL rf}w/L lj= ;d gf/fo0f b]jL ;fx ;d]t dxfjtL rf}w/L lj= ;d gf/fo0f b]jL ;fx ;d]t dxfjtL rf}w/L lj= ;d gf/fo0f b]jL ;fx ;d]t

619619619619619


sfuhftx¿sf] cWoog dgg\ u/L x]bf{ k'g/fj]bgcbfnt /fhlj/fhn] u/]sf] km};nf ldn]gldn]sf]s] /x]5 < oL k'g/fj]bs k|ltjfbLsf] k'g/fj]bglhsL/ k'Ug ;Sg] xf] xf]Og < eGg] ;DaGwd} lg0f{olbg'kg]{ b]lv+g cfof] .

@= o;/L lg0f{otkm{ ljrf/ ubf{ljjflbt lh=;=uf=lj=;=sfrg j8f g+= ̂ -v_ ls=g+#) sf] h=lj=)–!(–!^ hUufsf] xs k|fKt df]xLxfd|f ] :j=klt lktf /l;nfn ;fx ePsf]dfk|ltjfbLx¿n] ;f] hUuf lng'lbg' u/]sfn] n]gb]gJojxf/sf] !! g+ / /lhi6«]zgsf] #%g+ adf]lhdxs lgvgfO{ kfpmF eGg] jfbL bfjL . xsb}of Pj+xbDofbljxLg lkm/fb kq vf/]h ul/kfpmF eGg]k|ltpQ/ lhsL/ ePsf]df lkm/fb kq g} vf/]h x'g]7x/fPsf] z'? ;Kt/L lhNnf cbfntsf] km};nfpN6L u/L jfbL bfjL adf]lhd lgvgfO{ kfpg]7x/fPsf] k'g/fj]bg cbfntsf] km};nf sfg"gLq'l6k"0f{ x'Fbf lrQ a'e]mg\ . ;f] km};nf ab/ u/L z'?k|ltpQ/ lhsL/adf]lhd lkm/fb kq g} vf/]h ug]{u/]sf] z'? lhNnf cbfntsf km};nf ;b/ sfodul/kfpmF eGg] ;d]t Joxf]/fsf] k|ltjfbLsf] tk{maf6k|:t't k'g/fj]bg kq o; cbfntdf bfo/ x'gcfPsf] /x]5 .

#= o;df ljjflbt ls=g+= #) sf]h=lj=)–!(–!^ hUufsf] ;fljs hUufwgLdGbflsgL eO{ ;f] hUufsf] xs k|fKt df]xLlkm/fbLx¿sf] :j=klt lktf /l;nfn ;fx ePsf]s'/fdf ljjfb b]lv+b}g . lgh ;fljs df]xL /l;nfn;fxsf] ldlt @)#!.!!.* df d[To' ePsf] / pQmhUuf k|ltjfbLdWo]sf] Hjfnf ;fxsf] gfddfgfd;f/L bfv]n vf/]h eO{ lghn] ;d]t ;f] hUufk|ltjfbLdWo]sf] dxfjtL rf}w/LnfO{ y}nL ?%(,))).– /=g+= @!& ldlt @)$*.$.!& df ljs|Lu/L lnvt kfl/t u/]sf] b]lvG5 .

$= lkm/fbkqsf] k|f/De k|s/0fdfljjflbt ldlt @)$&.$.!& sf] /fhLgfdfsf] kfl/t

lnvt ldlt @)$*.!).!% df yfxf kfO{ P]=!*ut] gSsn ;f/L cjut x'g cfPsf]n] egL k|:t'td'2fsf] lkm/fb kq ldlt @)$*.!).@) df btf{u/]sf] b]lvG5 . ;f]xL tYonfO{ cfwf/ dfgL n]gb]gJojxf/sf] !! g+=n] Joj:yf u/]sf] xbDofb JotLtu/L btf{ ePsf] lkm/fb egL z'? lhNnf cbfntn]lkm/fbkq g} vf/]h ug]{ u/L km};nf u/]sf] b]lvG5 .t/, ;f]xL lkm/fb kqsf] kl5Nnf k|s/0fx¿dfljjflbt kfl/t /fhLgfdfsf] lnvt ldlt@)$*.$.!& s} lnvt egL pNn]v ug'{sf cltl/QmoL jfbLsf] dfnkf]t sfof{nodf lbPsf] lgj]bgkqdf ;d]t ldlt @)$*.$.!% df lnvt n]vLP]=ldlt @)$*.$.!& df /fhLgfdfsf] lnvt kfl/tu/]sf] Joxf]/f pNn]v u/]sf] kfOG5 . o:tf]cj:yfdf s]jn Ps 7fpFdf ;fdfGo eGbf ;fdfGon]vfOsf] Ifdfof]Uo q'l6;Dd eO{ n]gb]g Jojxf/sf]!! g+=df ePsf] sfg"gL Joj:yfg';f/ lnvt ePsf]ldltn] ^ dlxgf;Dddf yfxf kfPsf] ldltn] #%lbgleq g} k|:t't lkm/fb kq k/]sf] k|i6 b]lv+gcfpF5 . o; cy{df k|:t't lkm/fb xbDofbljxLg5 egL cy{ ug{ ldNg] b]lv+Pg .

%= hxfF;Dd df]xL xs g} sfodgePsf] k|:t't d'2f lbg] xsb}of -Locus Standi_ afbLx¿nfO{ 5}g / v08] w/f}6af6lgvgfO{ lbg ldNb}g eGg] ;DaGwdf ljrf/ ubf{z'? lkm/fb kqd} cfˆgf] :j=klt lktf /l;nfn;fxsf] df]xL xs egL pNn]v u/]sf] / ;f] s'/fnfO{k|ltjfbLx¿n] cGoyf eGg g;s]sf] cj:yfdf ;f]tYo :yflkt Pj+ k|dfl0ft eO{ hUufwgLn] jfbLdWo]sf ;fljs df]xLsf] 5f]/f nIdL ;fxnfO{ df]xLkTofO{ e"ld;'wf/ sfof{no ;Kt/Lsf] ldlt@)%!.!.@& sf] lg0f{on] lghsf] gfddf df]xL xsgfd;f/L ul/lbg] lg0f{o ;d]t u/]sf] b]lvG5 .To:t} k|ltjfbL dWo]sL dxfjtL rf}w/Ln] nIdL;fx pk/ ljjflbt hUufsf] df]xL gfd;f/L u/LlnPkl5 ;+jt\ @)%! ;fnsf] s'tjfnL glbPsf]n]

620620620620620

el/kfpmF egL ldlt @)%!.!@.#) df e"ld;'wf/sfof{no ;Kt/Ldf lkm/fb kq lbPsf] ;d]t b]lvG5 .o;sf] cltl/Qm nIdL ;fxafx]ssf cGo jfbLx¿n]lgh nIdL ;fxsf gfddf cfkm"x¿sf] w/f}6;d]taf6 lgvgfO{ lbP dGh"/ 5 egL z'? lkm/fbkqd} n]vfO{ lbPaf6 ;d]t xsb}ofljxLg lkm/fbkqu|x0f u/L v08] w/f}6af6 lgvgfO{ lbPsf] eGgdfGg ldn]g . o; ;Gbe{df o; cbfntaf6 k|ToyL{lemsfpg] cfb]zdf pNn]v ul/Psf cfwf/ sf/0fsfa'Fbfx¿;Fu ;xdt x'g ;lsPg .

^= ctM ljjflbt ls=g+= #) sf]hUuf jfbL bfjLadf]lhd Ps} hgf JolQm df]xLnIdL ;fxn] lgvgfO{ kfpg] 7x/fPsf] k'g/fj]bgcbfnt /fhlj/fhsf] ldlt @)%(.@.!( sf] km};nfldn]s} b]lvFbf ;b/ x'g] 7x5{ . k'g/fj]bsk|ltjfbLsf] k'g/fj]bg lhsL/ k'Ug ;Sb}g . k|:t'td'2fsf] bfo/L nut s§f u/L ldl;n lgodfg';f/u/L a'emfO{ lbg" .

pQm /fodf d ;xdt 5'Gof=;'zLnf sfsL{Olt ;+jt\ @)^% ;fn r}t @% ut] /f]h # z'ed\\Ohnf; clws[tM sflhaxfb'/ /fO{

lg0f{o g+= *!@% ;fpg, @)^^

;jf]{Rr cbfnt, ;+o'tm Ohnf;dfggLo GofofwLz >L /fdk|;fb >]i7

dfggLo GofofwLz >L tflx/ cnL cG;f/L@)^$ ;fnsf] b]=k'=g+= ====)&%&

km};nf ldltM @)^^.!.*.#d'2fM gfkL btf{ ab/ .

k'g/fj]bsM bf]nvf lhNnf,dfj'{ uf=lj=;= j8f g=( j:g] x:taxfb'/ >]i7

lj?4k|ltjfbLM bf]nvf lhNnf vf/] uf=lj=;=j8f g+ &

j:g] /fdaxfb'/ >]i7

z'? k}m;nf ug]{M–df=Gof >L gf/fo0fk|;fb bfxfn

k'g/fj]bg km};nf ug]{Mdf==Gof=>L 1fg]Gb|axfb'/ sfsL{

df=Gof= >L nId0fdl0f l/;fn

§ nfdf] ;dob]lv cljlR5Gg ef]urngnfdf] ;dob]lv cljlR5Gg ef]urngnfdf] ;dob]lv cljlR5Gg ef]urngnfdf] ;dob]lv cljlR5Gg ef]urngnfdf] ;dob]lv cljlR5Gg ef]urngpk/ s'g } s;}sf ] ph"/jfh'/ ge}pk/ s'g } s;}sf ] ph"/jfh'/ ge}pk/ s'g } s;}sf ] ph"/jfh'/ ge}pk/ s'g } s;}sf ] ph"/jfh'/ ge}pk/ s'g } s;}sf ] ph"/jfh'/ ge}@)!# ;fnb]lv g} ef ]urng u/L@)!# ;fnb]lv g} ef ]urng u/L@)!# ;fnb]lv g} ef ]urng u/L@)!# ;fnb]lv g} ef ]urng u/L@)!# ;fnb]lv g} ef ]urng u/Llt/f ] ;d]t lt/L cfPsf] ljjflbtlt/f ] ;d]t lt/L cfPsf] ljjflbtlt/f ] ;d]t lt/L cfPsf] ljjflbtlt/f ] ;d]t lt/L cfPsf] ljjflbtlt/f ] ;d]t lt/L cfPsf] ljjflbt3/hUufdf rL/ef ]usf ] l;4fGt 3/hUufdf rL/ef ]usf ] l;4fGt 3/hUufdf rL/ef ]usf ] l;4fGt 3/hUufdf rL/ef ]usf ] l;4fGt 3/hUufdf rL/ef ]usf ] l;4fGt -Long time undisputed possessory

right) ;d]taf6 k | ltjfbLs} ef ]u ;d]taf6 k | ltjfbLs} ef ]u ;d]taf6 k | ltjfbLs} ef ]u ;d]taf6 k | ltjfbLs} ef ]u ;d]taf6 k | ltjfbLs} ef ]u:jfldTjsf] b]lvg cfpg] .:jfldTjsf] b]lvg cfpg] .:jfldTjsf] b]lvg cfpg] .:jfldTjsf] b]lvg cfpg] .:jfldTjsf] b]lvg cfpg] .

-k|s/0f g+=$_

k'g/fj]bs tkm{af6M ljåfg clwjQmfåo >LIf]qaxfb'/ a:g]t / >L z]/axfb'/ /f]sfof

k|ltjfbL tkm{af6M ljåfg clwjQmf >L ZofdhLk|wfg

cjnlDjt ghL/M;Da4 sfg"gM

km};nfGof=tflx/ cnL cG;f/LMGof=tflx/ cnL cG;f/LMGof=tflx/ cnL cG;f/LMGof=tflx/ cnL cG;f/LMGof=tflx/ cnL cG;f/LM k'g/fj]bg

cbfnt kf6gsf] ldlt @)^@.%.!# sf] k}m;nf pk/Gofo k|zf;g P]g, @)$* sf] bkmf !@ cGtu{t d'2fbf]xf]¥ofO{ kfpmF egL jfbLsf] tk{maf6 kg{ cfPsf]lgj]bgdf o; cbfntaf6 bf]=kf= lg:;f k|bfg eO{k'g/fjb]gsf] /f]xdf k]z x'g cfPsf] k|:t't d'2fsf];+lIfKt tYo Pj+ 7x/ o; k|sf/ 5 M –

o;df ljkIfL /fdaxfb'/ ljkIfLsf] a'af/Tgaxfb'/, ljkIfs} bfh' u0f]zaxfb'/ ljkIfLs};flxnf bfh' OGb|axfb'/;d]t leGg geO{Ps};uf]ndf a:bfs} cj:yf ljkIfs} bfh'

*!@% *!@% *!@% *!@% *!@% - x:taxfb'/ >]i7 lj=/fdaxfb'/ >]i7 x:taxfb'/ >]i7 lj=/fdaxfb'/ >]i7 x:taxfb'/ >]i7 lj=/fdaxfb'/ >]i7 x:taxfb'/ >]i7 lj=/fdaxfb'/ >]i7 x:taxfb'/ >]i7 lj=/fdaxfb'/ >]i7

621621621621621


OGb|axfb'/n] Ps jif{sf] nflu ? !!))!.% j'emfpg]gk'u]sf] 3}3/fgaf6 j'emfpg] u/L tftf]kfgLeG;f/df ?k}of ltg{ g;sL eG;f/ uf]Zjf/faf6lghsf] h]yf k"j{ @ g+ uf]Zjf/fdfk{mt tfobftL e}cfPadf]lhdsf 3/hUufx¿sf] eG;f/ uf]Zjf/faf6ldlt @)!@.%.^ df lnnfd a9La9fp x'Fbf ;a}eGbfa9L ? !@)!.% df cfzfsfhL t'nfw/sf] gfddf8fsaf]nL vtd e} lgh cfzfsfhL t'nfw/n]tftf]kfgL eG;f/ uf]Zjf/fdf ?k}of a'emfO{ lghcfzfsfhL t'nfw/nfO{ pQm eG;f/af6 ldlt @)!@;fn cflZjg ( ut] /f]h ! df jxfnL k"hL{ lbO{lghsf] xsef]u eO{ lgh cfzfsfhL t'nfw/af6d}n] ? @&@^.% df ldlt @)!@.*.^ df /lhi6«]zgkfl/t /fhLgfdf u/L lnO{ lt/f]e/f];d]taf6 d]/f]xsef]u eO{ @)@# ;fndf & g+ kmf/fd;d]t d]/f]gfddf e/L xsef]u kSsf ePsf] bf]=lh=vf]/uf=lj=;=j8f g+ & df kg]{ ;fljs 6f]n $ lsNnfk"j{ k'mjf { ef]6]sf] 3/ t];f] { af6f] klZrdkbdaxfb'/sf] jf/L ;fFw pQ/ jL/axfb'/sf] ;fFwblIf0f l6Dk'/]jf/L ;fw olt $ lsNnfleqsf] 5?jfds}sf] ljpmF kfyL !) sf] ljhg kfyL .@.$ dfgfhfg] vf]/ 7"nf] 3/jf/L hUufdf ag]sf] 9'+ufdf6f]sf]ufx|f] kmNofssf] 5fgf] ePsf] @ tn] k"j{ df]x8fePsf] !!.!& sf] 3/ dtfg;d]tsf] jf/L lsQf !hUuf d]/f] ;DklQ xf], d ufpF3/df gj:g] d]/f]sf7df8f+}df klg 3/ ePsf] x'Fbf sf7df8f+} 3/dfa:g] ePsf] / d]/f] vf; a;f]af; ug]{ 3/ dfj'{uf=lj=; j8f g= ( x'Fbf x]/ljrf/ /]vb]v ug{ljkIfLnfO{ lhDdf lbO{ Pp6f s'?jf x]/fn'sf] ¿kdflhDdf lbPsf]df pQm hUuf gfkL x'Fbf 3/ dtfgljkIfsf] gfddf gfkL u/fO{ ;s]5 3/ dtfgs6fO{ d]/f] gfddf ls=g+ @)# df gfkL u/fPsf]/x]5 . @)%$ ;fn df3 @) ut] ufpF 3/df cfO{afnLx¿ s] slt 5 n]peGbf cj tkfO{sf] hUufx]/ljrf/ ug{ ;lQmg eGbf 3/ dtfg d]/f] xf] of]af6f] d'lgsf] hUuf hlt tnfO{ lbGg eg]kl5 gfkL

zfvf bf]nvfdf u} gS;f 6«\]; / lkmN8j's ;f/Lj'‰bf ljkIfLsf] gfddf ls=g+= @#^ 3/ jf/L lsQf! egL gfkL u/L hUufwgL k|df0fk"hf{ ;d]tljkIfLn] lnO{;s]sf] x'Fbf xs} gk'Ug] JolQmn] d]/f]xsef]usf] hUuf gfkL btf{ u/fPsf] x'Fbf ls=g+@#^ sf] hUuf ab/ u/L d]/f] gfpdf btf{ ul/kfpmFeGg] ;d]t Joxf]/fsf] lkm/fb bfjL .

bf]nvf lhNnf vf/] uf=lj=;=j8f g= &l:yt k"j{ kbdaxfb'/sf] af/L klZrd ljkIfLsf]hUuf t];f]{ af6f] blIf0f s}nf;sf] jf/L pQ/l6Dd'/jf/L olt $ lsNnf leqsf] ljhg kfyL .@.$sf] 7"nf] 3/jf/L hUuf d]/f] afaf /Tgaxfb'/ >]i7sf]gfddf @)!# ;fndf kfvf ljhg btf{ e} lt/f]e/f] u/L afafn] g} ef]uL cfpg' ePsf] / kl5@)!$ ;fndf pQm ljhgdWo] ljhg kfyL . !sf] 3/hUuf d}n] 3/;f/df afafaf6 df}lvs c+zkfO{ lt/f]e/f] u/L cBfjlws ef]urng u/L cfPsf]x'Fbf d]/f] gfddf ls=g= @#^ sfod eO{ hUuf btf{x'g jfFsL eO{ d}n] h=w=k|=k"=k|fKt u/L ;s]sf]5}g . xfnts d}n] ef]urng ul/cfPsf] 5' .ljkIfsf] 3/ hUufdf s'?jf a;]sf] ge} d cfˆg}3/ hUuf ef]urng ul/a;]sf] xf], ljkIfLsf] bfjLsfNklgs xf] ljjflbt ls=g= @#^ d}n] d]/f] gfddfgfkL btf{ u/fPsf] s'/f ljkIfLn] @)%).(.!! dfg} yfxf kfO;s]sf] syg lkm/fb k|s/0f g+ @ dfJotm ul/;s]sf] sf/0f k|:t't lkm/fb ug]{ xbDofbh=k=sf] !& g= adf]lhd ;dfKt e} ;s]sf] x'Fbflkm/fb vf/]h ul/kfpmF . ljkIfLn] cfˆgf] rf/lsNnfsf] hUuf stftk{m d}n] ls=sf u/L gfkL u/];f ] eGg ;s ]sf ] 5 }g , ljkIfn ] cfˆgf ]/fhLgfdfadf]lhdsf] s'g :yfgsf] hUuf vl/bu/]sf] egL :ki6 kfg{ ;Sg' gePsf] sf/0f lkm/fbxr'jfsf] e/df bfjf u/]sf] k|i6 5 . ljkIfsf]e"m¶f lkm/fb c=j= !*) g+ adf]lhd vf/]h u/Lljjflbt ls=g+ @#^ sf] hUuf d]/f] gfddf btf{

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sfod u/L lkm/fb bfjLaf6 cnu eO{ a:g kfpmFeGg] ;d]t Joxf]/fsf] k|ltpQ/ kq .

ljkIfLaf6 k]z ePsf] lnvt ljjflbthUuf;+u ldNg le8\g gcfpg] ePsf] x'Fbf gfdfs/0fug'{ gkg]{ eGg] ;d]t Joxf]/fsf] k|=jf= s[i0fk|;fb;'j]bLn] c=j= &* g+ adf]lhd u/]sf] jofg .

ljkIfLaf6 k]z ePsf] btf{ ;DaGwdfdnfO{ yfxf 5}g . s]xL af]nL /xg cfjZos gePsf]lt/f] a'emfPsf] /l;b hfn;fhL xf] eGg] ;d]tJoxf]/fsf] jfbLsf jf= gf/fo0fnfn >]i7n] u/]sf]aofg .

k|ltjfbLaf6 k]z ePsf] /l;b ;2] xf],/Tgaxfb'/ >]i7sf] @)!# ;fnsf] ljhg df]7dfbtf{ ePsf] 7"nf] 3/jf/LdWo]sf] xfn ljjflbtls=g= @#^ sf] hUufsf] lt/f] j'emL /l;b u/LlbPsf] xf] eGg] ;d]t Joxf]/fsf] sdft]GhL z]kf{sf]jf /fdaxfb'/ ;'j]bLn] u/]sf] jofg .

jfbL jf gf/fo0fnfn >]i7 / k|= jfs[i0fk|;fb ;'j]bLn] ldlt @)%&.!.@( df u/]sf]sfuh .

ldlt @)%&.#.# ut] e} cfPsf] ;h{ldgd'r'Nsf .

cbfntaf6 ldlt @)%&.#.@* df ePsf]l8;ld; k}m;nf .

k'g/fj]bg cbfnt kf6g nlntk'/af6j]/Ltsf] l8;ld; k}m;nf ab/ ul/lbPsf] 5 eGg];d]tsf] ldlt @)%(.#.#! sf] k}m;nf .

o;df OGb|axfb'/n] tftf]kfgL eG;f/NofPsf] lnnfd x'Fbf @)!@ ;fndf cfzfsfhLt'nfw/n] xs;kmf u/L x:taxfb'/ >]i7nfO{ laqmLu/]sf] /fhLgfdf k|df0f ;j} c•fdf k]z u/]sf5g . x:taxfb'/n] @#^ g+ sf] hUuf clxn];Ddef]urng u/L /xg' ePsf] 5 b'O{ j6f 3/ 5,gfkgS;f u/]sf] ;To 5}g, e"m¶f xf], ab/ ul/kfpmF/fdaxfb'/sf] x}g eGg] ;d]t Joxf]/fsf] jfbLsf;fIfL lx/0oaxfb'/ >]i7sf] jskq .

/Tgaxfb'/sf] 5f]/f /fdaxfb'/n] @#^ sf]hUuf 3/ xfn;Dd g} ef]u ul//x]sf] d}n] b]v]sf]xf], d}n] b]v]sf] rflxF /fdaxfb'/sf] hUuf xf] eg]/;'g]sf] xf], jfnL Psnf}6L /fdaxfb'/n] vfPsf]b]v]sf] x'F aFf8L vfPsf] 5}g eGg] ;d]t Joxf]/fsf]k|ltjfbLsf ;fIfL Zofdaxfb'/ >]i7n] u/]sf]jskq .

cfzfsfhL t'nfw/af6 x:taxfb'/n]lsg]sf] eg]sf] ;'g]sf] xf], 3/ klxnfb]lv g} ToxLlyof] s;n] agfof] yfxf ePg, ls=g+ @#^ sf] 3/dtfg ePsf] hUuf x:taxfb'/s} xf] eGg] ;'g]sf]Pp6} lsQf hUufnfO{ b'O{ lsQf kf/L gfkL u/]sf]xf] eGg] ;d]t Joxf]/fsf] jfbLsf ;fIfL 5f]6] z]kf{n]u/]sf] askq .

clxn];Dd /fdaxfb'/n] @#^ g+ lsQfrflxF ef]lu/x]sf] b]v]sf] xf], btf{ & g+ kmf/fd /l;b/fdaxfb'/sf] gfpFdf 5, lnnfd ePsf] gePsf]dnfO{ yfxf 5}g eGg];d]t Joxf]/fsf] k|ltjfbLsf;fIfL gf/fo0faxfb'/ >]i7sf] jskq .

3/ / dtfg ePsf] dnfO{ yfxf 5, hUuflnnfd ePsf] yfxf 5, lnnfd ePsf] hUufcfzfsfhLn] yfdL x:taxfb'/n] gub k};f xfnLef]urng u/]sf] ;'g]sf] xf], 3/ / dtfg agfPsf]d}n] b]v]sf] xf]Og . @)%) ;fn;Dd x:taxfb'/n]ef]urng u/]sf] xf] xfn /fdaxfb'/n] ef]urngu/]sf ]5, ls=g+ @#^ sf] hUuf x:taxfb'/s} xf]/fdaxfb'/sf] hUuf @#^ df g} k5{ eGg] ;d]tJoxf]/fsf] jfbLsf] ;fIfL /fdaxfb'/ tfdfËsf]askq .

cbfntaf6 ePsf] cfb]zfg';f/ e} cfPsf]gS;f d'r'Nsf .

k|:t't lkm/fb clwsf/If]qsf] cefjdfc=j= !*) g+ adf]lhd vf/]h x'g] 7x5{ eGg]bf ]nvf lhNnf cbfntsf GofofwLz >Lgf/fo0fk|;fb bfxfnaf6 ldlt @)^!.@.@$ dfePsf] k}m;nf .


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gfkLsf] sfd ;DkGg eO;s]kl5 jfbLsf]3/hUuf k|ltjfbLsf gfpFdf gfkL btf{ ePsf] btf{ab/ u/fpg] sfo{ cbfnts} clwsf/If]q ePsf]dflkm/fb clwsf/If]qleq 5}g egL vf/]h u/]sf] z'?k}m;nf sfg"g tyf k|ltkflbt l;4fGt ;d]t k|lts"neO{ ab/efuL 5 eGg] jfbLsf] k'g/fj]bg lhsL/ .

o;df hUufsf] xsj]xssf] k|Zg ;d]t;dfj]z ePsf] eP klg jfbL bfjL vf/]h x'g]7x/fPsf] z'? bf]nvf lhNnf cbfntsf] k}m;nfkm/s kg{ ;Sg] x'Fbf c=j= @)@ g+ adf]lhd5nkmnsf] nflu k|ToyL{ lemsfO{ lgodfg';f/ k]zug'{ eGg] o; cbfntsf] cfb]z .

jfbL bfjL k'Ug g;Sg] egL OG;fkmug'{kg]{df lkm/fb g} vf/]h u/]sf] q'l6 b]lvgcfPtfklg z'? bf]nvf lhNnf cbfntsf] ldlt@)^!.@.@$ sf] k}m;nfdf kl/j{tg ug{ gk/L jfbLbfjL k'Ug g;Sg] 7x5{ eGg] ;d]t Joxf]/fsf]k'g/fj]bg cbfnt, kf6gsf] ldlt @)^@.%.!# sf]k}m;nf .

k'g/fjb]g cbfnt kf6gsf] k}m;nfdflkm/fbLnfO{ x/fO{ k}m;nf ubf{ d]/flj?4dfnufOPsf k}m;nf a'Fbfx¿ s'g} ldn]sf 5}gg\ .l;km{ k"jf{u|xL eO{ tk]{m hf/L agL s'g} cfwf/k|df0f sfg"g k|lts"nsf ts{ nufO{ cGofodfkf/L x/fPsf] k|i6 b]lvg cfO/x]sf] 5 . k}m;nfdfb]vfOP cg';f/sf] a'Fbf /fhLgfdf / gS;fdf hlgO{cfPcg';f/sf] clxn] ljjfb k/]sf] g=g+ @#^ k"j{tk{mk'mjf{ ef]6]sf] 3/ / t]>f] af6f] b]lvb}g . jfbLn]gfkL btf{ u/fPsf] ls=g+ @)# sf] k"j{tk{m t];f]{af6f] ;/hldgdf / g+=g+ !% df b]lvO{/x]sf] 5eGg] j"bf ;To tYosf] a'Fbf xf]Og . jfbLsf] ls=g+@)# btf{ ubf{ ;f] lsNnf 7'nf] jf/L .@.$ g} b]vfO{btf{ u/]sf] eGg] s'/f ;f] hUufsf] lkmN8j'sptf/af6 :ki6 b]lvO/x]sf] 5 . Pp6f lsQfdfk'/} lel8/x]sf] nut csf]{df k'gM le8fpg ldNb}geGg] k}m;nf tkm{ a'Fbf ;/f;/ tk]m{bf/L eO{ n]v]sf]

sfg"gsf] unt cy{ / ghL/sf] k|lts"nsf] eGg]:jtM l;4fGt ljjflbt hUufdf ag]sf] ;fljsb]lvsf] k'/fgf] 3/ eGg] hlgO{ ljjflbt 3/sf];/hldgx¿n] d"NofÍg d'r'Nsfdf v'nfO{ lbPsf]n]d lkm/fbLaf6 cbfntn] yk sf]6{ kmL lng] cfb]zeO{ yksf]6{ kmL ?= !&&).% bflvn u/]s} lyPF eg]csf]{lt/ ljjflbt hUuf lsQf lnnfd j9fj9 x'FbfljkIfLsf jfj' /Tgaxfb'/s} kfnfdf ag]sf b'O{j6f 3/ ;f] 7'nf] jf/L hUuf ;d]t lnnfd lalqmjxfnL k'hL{ /fhLgfdf xs x:tfGt/0f ePs} k|i6tL lnvt k|df0faf6 b]lvg cfpg] g} / ;fn;fnsf]lt/f] ;d]t d af6 rnfPs} x'Fbf ;d]t s'?jf/fv]sf] lnvt k]z x'g g;s]sf] eGg] s]jn cQf]yfk]sf] dfq k}m;nf ts{ aF'bf xf] . @)%) ;fnsf];e]{ gfkL / lkmN8j's gS;f 6«]z gn]lvPsf]ePtfklg yfxf kfpgf;fy d lgj]bs jfbLn] gfkLzfvfdf uO{ lj/f]w hgfPs} / ph"/L lgj]bglbPsf] sf/0f ;d]tn] ubf{ ;f] ljkIfLsf] gfpFdfxs–a]xsdf cbfntdf ph"/ ug{ hfg' egLg;'gfPsf] ;f] sfg'g ;d]tdf lqmoflzn u/L glbPsf]sf/0fn] dfq s]xL l9nfO{ x'g uPsf] . @)%$;fndf dfq lkm/fb kg{ uPsf] s'/f ldl;nsfuhftaf6} b]lvg cfPs} 5 . z'? ldl;n lemsfO{ldl;n ;+nUg sfuhk|df0fx¿ ;j} x]/L oyfy{xs Gofo OG;fkm u/L kfpgsf nflu d'2f bf]xf]¥ofO{x]g]{ cfb]z eO{ ;f]sf] lg:;f k|bfg u/L Gofo xsOG;fkm u/LkfpmF eGg] ;d]t Joxf]/fsf] jfbLsf]o; cbfntdf k/]sf] lgj]bg kq .

o;df jfbLsf] ldlt @)!@.^.(.! sf]rnfgL k"hL{df plNnlvt rf/lsNnf;+u ljjflbtg=g+= !^ sf] ls=g+ @#^ sf] hUufsf] lsNnf ldn]sf]gS;fd'r'Nsfaf6 b]lvPsf] l:Yfltdf To:tf] k|df0fsf]ljj]rgf g} gu/L ljhg . @.$ sf] hUuf s]jnls=g+ @)# df dfq gfkL ePsf] cfwf/df jfbLbfjL k'Ug g;Sg] 7x/ u/]sf] k'g/fj]bg cbfntkf6gsf] k}m;nf c=j= !*$-s_ k|df0f P]g, @)#!

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sf] bkmf # / %$ sf] JofVofTds q'l6 b]lvgfn]Gofo k|zf;g P]g, @)$* sf] bkmf !@ sf] pkbkmf-!_ v08-s_ adf]lhd bf]xf]¥ofpg] lg:;f k|bfgul/lbPsf] 5 eGg] ;d]t Joxf]/fsf] o; cbfntsf]ldlt @)^#.!!.@ sf] cfb]z .

lgodadf]lhd Ohnf;;dIf k]z x'gcfPsf] k|:t't d'2fdf k'g/fj]bs jfbLsf] tk{maf6ljåfg clwjQmf If]qaxfb'/ j:g]t / z]/axfb'//f]sfofn] vf]/ uf=lj=;=j8f g= & df kg]{ ;fljsk"j{ km"jf { ef]6]sf] 3/ t];|f ] af6f] klZrdkbdaxfb'/sf] ;fy} pQ/ aL/axfb'/sf] ;fFwblIf0f l6Dd'/]jf/L olt rf/ lsNnfleqsf] ljhgkfyL . @.$ dfgf hfg] vf]/ 7"nf] 3/jf/L jfbLn]cfzfsfhL t'[nfw/af6 @)!@. *.^ df /lhi6«]zgkfl/t ul/lnPsf] 3/ hUuf xf] . jfbLsf] :yfoLa;f]af; dfj'+ { uf=lj=;= df ePsf] / sf7df8f+}klg 3/ ePsf]n] jfbL pQm 7fpFdf ga:g]ePsf]n] pQm hUufsf] x]/rfx ug]{ u/L s'?jfsf]¿kdf k|ltjfbLnfO{ lhDdf;Dd lbPsf] xf] .k|ltjfbLn] jblgot lrtfO{ pQm hUufdf ag]sf]3/;d]t ls=g+ @#^ df cfˆgf gfddf btf{u/fO{ afFsL hUuf jfbLsf gfddf ls=g+ @)#df btf{ u/fPsf]n] gfkL btf{ ab/ u/L jfbLsf]gfpFdf btf{ ug{ u/L k}m;nf ug'{kg]{df jfbLbfjL k'Ug g;Sg] 7x/L ePsf] k'g/fj]bgcbfntsf] k}m;nf pN6L x'g'k5{ eGg] ;d]tax; ug' {eof] . k|ToyL{sf] tk{maf6 ljåfgclwjQmf ZofdhL k|wfgn] jfbLn] lkm/fb kqdfpNn]v u/]sf] rf/ lsNnf ljjflbt ls=g= @#^;+u ldn] le8]sf] cj:yf 5}g . jfbLn] @)!@;fndf cfzfsfhL t'nfw/af6 /lhi6«]zg kfl/tul/lnPsf] eg]sf] hUuf ls=g= @)# df gfkLu/fPsf] 5 . cfˆgf] hUuf Pp6f lsQfdf gfkLbtf{ u/fO{ ;s]kl5 k'gM csf{sf] hUufdf bfjLug{ jfbLnfO{ xs k'Ug] x}g . cfˆgf] 3/ hUufsf]x]/rfx ug{ k|ltjfbLnfO{ s'?jf /fv]sf] eGg]

jfbL n]v s'g} klg k|df0faf6 k'li6 ug{ ;s]sf]cj:yf 5 }g . o; l:Y f ltdf k 'g/fj ]bgcbfntaf6 ePsf] k}m;nfdf cGoyf ug'{kg]{5}g sfod /xg'k5{ eGg] ;d]t ax; ug'{eof] .

ldl;n sfuhft cWoog u/L b'j}tk{msfljåfg clwjQmfx¿sf] ax;;d]t ;'gL k'g/fj]bgcbfntsf] k}m;nf ldn] gldn]sf] s] /x]5 ;f]xLljifodf lg0f{o lbg' k/]sf] 5 .

@= lg0 f { otk { m ljr f/ ub f {lkm/fbLn] @)!@.*.^ df cfzfsfhL t'nfw/af6/lhi6«]zg kfl/t ul/lnPsf] /fhLgfdfdf bf]vnflhNnf vf]/ uf=lj=;= j8f g+ & df kg]{ k"j{k ' mj f { e f ] 6 ]s f ] 3/ t ]; f ] { a f6 f ] , k lZrdkbdaxfb'/sf] af/L pQ/ jL/axfb'/sf] ;fFw /blIf0f l6Dd'/]jf/L olt rf/ lsNnf leqsf] 7"nf]3/af/L hUuf ;d]t ls=g= @#^ df k|ltjfbLn]cfˆgf gfddf gfkL btf{ u/fPsf] x'Fbf ab/u/L lkm/fbLsf gfddf btf{ ul/kfpmF eGg] lkm/fbbfjL /x]sf]df jfbL bfjL vf/]h x'g] z'?sf]k}m;nf pk/ jfbLsf] k'g/fj]bg k/L k'g/fj]bgcbfntaf6 vf/]h u/]sf] ;Dd q'l6 b]lvP tfklgz'?sf] k}m;nfdf kl/j{tg ug{ gk/L jfbL bfjLk'Ug g;Sg] 7x¥ofO{ ePsf] k}m;nf pk/ jfbLsf]tk{maf6 d'2f bf ]xf ]¥ofO{ kfpmF egL k/]sf]lgj]bgdf o; cbfntaf6 bf]xf]¥ofO{ x]g{ lg:;fk|bfg eO{ k'g/fj]bgsf] /f]xaf6 k|:t't d'2flg0f{ofy{ k]z x'g cfPsf] /x]5 .

#= o;df jfbLn] ljjflbt lsQfleqsf] 3/ hUuf cfˆgf] xf] egL xssf] >f]tsf]¿kdf cfzfsfhL t'nfw/af6 cfkm"n] ldlt@)!@.*.^ df /lhi6« ]zg kfl/t ul/lnPsf]lnvtnfO{ pNn]v u/]sf] kfOG5 . pQm /lhi6«]zgkfl/t ul/ln+bf v'nfPsf] rf/ lsNnf x]bf{ k"j{tk{mk'mjf{ ef]6]sf] / t]>f] af6f] klZrd kbdaxfb'/sf]af/L pQ/ jL/axfb'/sf] ;fFw blIf0f l6Dd'/]jf/L;fFw egLrf/ lsNnf v'nfPsf] kfOG5 . z'? lhNnf


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cbfntaf6 @)^).!@.& df eO{ cfPsf] gS;fd'r'Nsfdf ljjflbt ls=g+ @#^ sf] 3/ hUufnfO{g=g+= !^ df b]vfOPsf] 5 eg] jfbLn] ;fljscfzfsfhL t'nfw/af6 ldlt @)!@ ;fndf/lhi6«\]zg u/LlnPsf] xfn jfbLsf gfddf btf{/x]sf] ls=g+ @)# sf] hUuf g=g+ !$ df b]vfPsf]5 . ljjflbt ls=g+ @#^ sf] hUufsf] k'j{tk{m k'mjf{ef]6]sf] 3/ / t];f]{ af6f] b'j} ;fFw /x]sf] b]lvb}g .To:t} pQ/tk{m aL/axfb'/sf] ;fw / blIf0f tk{ml6Dd'/] jf/L ;fwegL n]vLPsf] lsNnf klg ldNgle8\g cfPsf] kfOFb}g . j? jf/Lsf] gfddf gfkLbtf{ ePsf] ls=g+= @)# sf] hUufsf] k"j{tk{mcbfntaf6 eO{ cfPsf] gS;f d'r'Nsfsf] / g=g=!% df t];f]{ af6f] b]lvO/x]sf] 5 . ;fy} ;e]{ gS;f;d]tdf ls=g= @)# sf] k"j{tk{m t];f]{ af6f] b]lvO{/x]sf] 5 . o; l:ylt :df jfbLsf] @)!@ ;fnsf]/fhLgfdfleqsf] hUuf g=g= !% sf] t];f]{af6f]eGbf klZrd g=g+ !$ sf] hUuf xf] eGg] tYok'li6 ePsf] 5 .

$= o;/L lk m/ fb Ln ] cfˆgf ]/fhLgfdfleqsf] hUuf cfk}mn] ls=g+ @)# dfgfkL btf{ u/fO{ ;s]kl5 k'gM ls=g+ @#^ sf]hUuf gfkL btf{ u/fpg 5'6]sf] egL cg'dfgug{;Sg] cj:yf b]lvFb}g . ljjflbt ls=g+ @#^sf] hUuf @)!@ ;fnsf] /fhLgfdfleqsf] hUufeg] tfklg pQm hUufdf jfbLsf] ef]urng /x]sf]b]lvFb}g . pQm hUufdf nfdf] ;do cyf{t @)!@;fnb]lv g} k|ltjfbLn] ef]u u/]sf] s'/fnfO{ jfbL:jod\n ] :jLsf/ u/ ]sf ] kfOG5 . jfbLn]k|ltjfbLnfO{ pQm 3/hUufsf] /]vb]v ug{s'?jfsf] ¿kdf /fv]sf] eg] tfklg cfˆgf]egfOnfO{ s'g} 7f]; Pj+ ljZjf;nfos k|df0faf6k'li6 ug{ ;s]sf] kfOFb}g . o;sf] ljk/Lt jfbLs}egfOaf6 ljjflbt g=g+ !^ sf] 3/hUufdfk|ljtfbLsf] ef]urng /x]sf] k'li6 x'G5 cjk|ltjfbLsf] xssf] ;|f]tjf/] ljrf/ ubf{ k|ltjfbLn]

ljjflbt 3/hUuf @)!# ;fndf afaf /Tgaxfb'/>]i7sf gfddf ljhg kfyL . @.$ kfvf ljhgbtf{ eO{ a'afn] g} ef]lucfpg' ePsf]df pQmljhgdWo] ljhg kfyL .! sf] 3/ hUuf @)!$;fndf cfk"mn] c+z kfO{ lt/f] ef]urng ul/cfPsf]egL lhsL/ lnPsf] kfOG5 . o;/L k|ltjfbLsf]nfdf] ;dob]lv cljlR5Gg ef]urngpk/ s'g}s;}sf] ph"/jfh'/ 5}g . @)!# ;fnb]lv g}ef]urng ul/ lt/f] ;d]t lt/L cfPsf] ljjflbt3/hUufdf rL/ef]usf] l;4fGt Long Time

Undisputed Possessory Right ;d]taf6k|ltjfbLs} ef]u :jfldTjsf] b]lvg cfPsf] 5 .pQm ljjflbt ls=g= @#^ sf] 3/ hUufdf nfdf];dob]lv k|ltjfbLsf] ef]u sfod /xL lghsf]gfddf gfkL eO{ ;|]:tfdf hlgPsf] eP tfklglghsf] gfddf hUufwgL btf{ k|df0f k"hf{ k|fKteO{ g;s]sf] eGg] b]lvG5 . o:tf] cj:yfdfk|ltjfbLsf] gfdsf] gfkL btf{ ab/ u/L jfbLsf]gfddf btf{ x'g'k5{ eGg] jfbLsf] k'g/fj]bglhsL/ Pj+ lghtk{msf sfg"g Joj;foLx¿sf]ax; a'Fbf;Fu ;xdt x'g ;lsPg . ;fy}bf]xf]¥ofO{ x]g{ lg:;f k|bfg ubf{ lnOPsf] cfwf/a'Fbf;Fu klg of] Ohnf; ;xdt 5}g .

%= t;y{ dfly ljj]lrt cfwf/k|df0faf6 ljjflbt ls=g+ @#^ sf] 3/ hUufdfjfbL bfjL k'Ug g;Sg] 7x/L k'g/fj]bg cbftn,kf6gaf6 ldlt @)^@.%.!# df ePsf] k}m;nf ldn]s}b]lvFbf ;b/ x'g] 7x5{ . jfbLsf] k'g/fj]bg lhsL/k'Ug ;Sb}g . k|:t't d'2fsf] bfo/Lsf] nut s§fu/L ldl;n lgodfg';f/ j'emfO{ lbg" .

pQm /fodf d ;xdt 5' .Gof=/fdk|;fb >]i7

Olt ;+jt\ @)^^ ;fn j}zfv * ut] /f]h= # z'ed\\Ohnf; clws[t M dfwjk|;fb clwsf/L

626626626626626

lg0f{o g+= *!@^ ;fpg, @)^^

;jf]{Rr cbfnt, ;+o'tm Ohnf;dfggLo GofofwLz >L /fdk|;fb >]i7dfggLo GofofwLz >L lu/LzrGb| nfnrm:;+jt\ @)^$ ;fnsf] ;fws g+ )$$

km};nf ldltM @)^%.!!.@@.%d'2fM st{Jo Hofg .

jfbLM lhNnf l;/xf nIdLk'/ -k|=d=_ uf=lj=;=j8f g= # a:g] sf]b] ofbjsf] hfx]/Ln]g]kfn ;/sf/

lj?4k|ltjfbLM lhNnf l;/xf cf}/xL uf=lj=;= j8f g+= *

a:g] nId0f ofbj ;d]t

z'? k}m;nf ug]{Mdf=lh=Gof=>L ;xb]j af:tf]nf =

k'g/fj]bgdf k}m;nf ug]{Mdf=d'=Gof= >L a}Bgfy pkfWofodf=Gof= >L zflGt/fh ;'j]bL

§ cf/f ] lkt s; "/ gu/ ]sf ] ePcf/ f ] lkt s; "/ gu/ ]sf ] ePcf/ f ] lkt s; "/ gu/ ]sf ] ePcf/ f ] lkt s; "/ gu/ ]sf ] ePcf/ f ] lkt s; "/ gu/ ]sf ] ePcbfntaf6 hf/ L ePsf ] DofbLcbfntaf6 hf/ L ePsf ] DofbLcbfntaf6 hf/ L ePsf ] DofbLcbfntaf6 hf/ L ePsf ] DofbLcbfntaf6 hf/ L ePsf ] DofbLk"hL{sf] Dofbleq pkl:yt eO{ cfˆgf]k"hL{sf] Dofbleq pkl:yt eO{ cfˆgf]k"hL{sf] Dofbleq pkl:yt eO{ cfˆgf]k"hL{sf] Dofbleq pkl:yt eO{ cfˆgf]k"hL{sf] Dofbleq pkl:yt eO{ cfˆgf]lgbf ] { l i ft fsf ] k |d f0 f k ]z u/Llgbf ] { l i ft fsf ] k |d f0 f k ]z u/Llgbf ] { l i ft fsf ] k |d f0 f k ]z u/Llgbf ] { l i ft fsf ] k |d f0 f k ]z u/Llgbf ] { l i ft fsf ] k |d f0 f k ]z u/LGofo;Dkfbgsf] sfo{df rf;f] /fVgGofo;Dkfbgsf] sfo{df rf;f] /fVgGofo;Dkfbgsf] sfo{df rf;f] /fVgGofo;Dkfbgsf] sfo{df rf;f] /fVgGofo;Dkfbgsf] sfo{df rf;f] /fVg;Sg'kg] { .;Sg'kg] { .;Sg'kg] { .;Sg'kg] { .;Sg'kg] { .

§ 3/sf nf]Ug], ;f;", ;;'/f;d]t eO{3/sf nf]Ug], ;f;", ;;'/f;d]t eO{3/sf nf]Ug], ;f;", ;;'/f;d]t eO{3/sf nf]Ug], ;f;", ;;'/f;d]t eO{3/sf nf]Ug], ;f;", ;;'/f;d]t eO{d[tsnfO{ 3/af6 lnO{ hfg] / ;;'/fd[tsnfO{ 3/af6 lnO{ hfg] / ;;'/fd[tsnfO{ 3/af6 lnO{ hfg] / ;;'/fd[tsnfO{ 3/af6 lnO{ hfg] / ;;'/fd[tsnfO{ 3/af6 lnO{ hfg] / ;;'/f3/ kmsL{ cfPklg d[tssf] nf ]Ug]3/ kmsL{ cfPklg d[tssf] nf ]Ug]3/ kmsL{ cfPklg d[tssf] nf ]Ug]3/ kmsL{ cfPklg d[tssf] nf ]Ug]3/ kmsL{ cfPklg d[tssf] nf ]Ug]k|ltjfbL nId0f / ;f;" af}sL;d]tk|ltjfbL nId0f / ;f;" af}sL;d]tk|ltjfbL nId0f / ;f;" af}sL;d]tk|ltjfbL nId0f / ;f;" af}sL;d]tk|ltjfbL nId0f / ;f;" af}sL;d]tkm/f/ /xL nfz j]jfl/;] kmfn]sf]af6km/f/ /xL nfz j]jfl/;] kmfn]sf]af6km/f/ /xL nfz j]jfl/;] kmfn]sf]af6km/f/ /xL nfz j]jfl/;] kmfn]sf]af6km/f/ /xL nfz j]jfl/;] kmfn]sf]af6log} k|ltjfbLx¿n] d[tsnfO{ s'6kL6log} k|ltjfbLx¿n] d[tsnfO{ s'6kL6log} k|ltjfbLx¿n] d[tsnfO{ s'6kL6log} k|ltjfbLx¿n] d[tsnfO{ s'6kL6log} k|ltjfbLx¿n] d[tsnfO{ s'6kL6u/L df/]sf] tYo k'li6 x'g] .u/L df/]sf] tYo k'li6 x'g] .u/L df/]sf] tYo k'li6 x'g] .u/L df/]sf] tYo k'li6 x'g] .u/L df/]sf] tYo k'li6 x'g] .

-k|s/0f g+=%_

jfbL tkm{af6Mk|ltjfbL tkm{af6McjnlDjt ghL/M;Da4 sfg"gM§ c=a+= !()§ Hofg;DaGwL dxnsf] !#-#_ g+=

km};nfGof=/fdk|;fb >]i7MGof=/fdk|;fb >]i7MGof=/fdk|;fb >]i7MGof=/fdk|;fb >]i7MGof=/fdk|;fb >]i7M k'g/fj]bg cbfnt,

/fhlj/fhsf] ldlt @)^#.!!.@& sf] k}m;nf Gofok|zf;g P]g, @)$* sf] bkmf !)-@_ adf]lhd;fws hfFrsf] nflu btf{ eO{ k]z x'g cfPsf]k|:t't d'2fsf] tYo P+j lg0f{o o; k|sf/ 5 M–

nvg ;fxsf] wfg v]tdf blIf0f 6fpsL,pQ/ v'§f ePsf] nfz, kx]nf] /+usf] kf]lni6/Jnfph, j}hgL e"O{+df ;]tf], kx+]nf,] xl/of] a'§fePsf] ;f8L nufPsf], d'vaf6 /ut lgl:s/x]sf],Rofk' / b'j} ufnf ;d]tdf sfnf] bfu, 3fF6Ldflyr]sf] bfu, cg'xf/ k'mn]sf] eGg] ;d]t Joxf]/fsf]36gf tyf nfz k|s[lt d'r'Nsf .

rf]6 nfu]sf] sf/0f d[tssf] d[To' ePsf]eGg] ;d]t kf]i6df6{d l/kf]6{ .

36gf:yndf k]mnf k/]sf] nfzn] nufPsf];f8L, rf]nf] , sf7sf] afs; / nfzsf] kmf]6f];d]tx]/L lrg+], d]/f] sfG5L 5f]/L ?gL ofbj x'g\ egL;gfvt u/]sf] sf]b] ofbjsf] sfuh .

d]/f] 5f]/L ?gLb]jLsf] cf}/xL j8f g+ *j:g] nId0f ofbj;Fu @)$( ;fndf ljjfx u/LlbPsf] / @)%!. @.@@ ut] lgh 5f]/Lsf] b'/fudgu/fO{ HjfFO{n] nu]sf] / kl5 d}n] cfiff9df cfˆgf]3/df NofPsf] lyPF . ;f]xL dlxgfdf d lj/fdLk/L pkrf/ u/fpg b/e+uf u} 3/ kmsL{ cfO{ d]/f]>LdtLnfO{ 5f]/L sxfF 5 eGbf HjfFO{ nId0fn]s'6kL6 u/L 3/ nu] eg]kl5 ;f]xL lbg d]/f] efO{;d]tnfO{ k7fpFbf lghx¿n] elthL ?gL vf]O{egL ;f]4f HjfO{;d]tn] tkfFOx¿s} 3/ uPsL

*!@^ *!@^ *!@^ *!@^ *!@^ - g]kfn ;/sf/ lj=nId0f ofbj ;d]t g]kfn ;/sf/ lj=nId0f ofbj ;d]t g]kfn ;/sf/ lj=nId0f ofbj ;d]t g]kfn ;/sf/ lj=nId0f ofbj ;d]t g]kfn ;/sf/ lj=nId0f ofbj ;d]t

627627627627627


eg]sf]n] vf]htnfz ubf{ j]jf/];] nfz k]mnfk/]sf], nfzn] nufPsf] sk8f / kmf]6f] ;d]tb]vfpFbf d]/f] 5f]/Ls} /x]5 / s;n] df/] egLa'‰bf ljkIfL dxfb]j, nId0f, e'Nnf, af}sL, ;xb]j,sf/L / /fdrGb| ofbj;d]tn] d]/f] 5f]/LnfO{ bfOhf]sd lbPsf] egL df/L ufFug vf]nf hfg] af6f]sf]v]tdf kmflnlbPsf /x]5g\ . sfg"gadf]lhdsf/jfxL ul/kfpmF eGg] ;d]t Joxf]/fsf] hfx]/Lb/vf:t .

d[ts j]jf/];] nf;sf] kmf]6f], ;f8L, rf]nL;d]t d]/f] alxgL ?gLb]jLsf] xf] eGg] ;d]tJoxf]/fsf] jL/]Gb|s'df/ ofbjsf] ;gfvt sfuh .

b]vfPsf] kmf]6f], ;f/L, rf]nf];d]t d]/f]5f]/L ?gLb]jLsf] xf] . ;f] ;f8L, rf]nf] 5f]/Lsf] lbgubf{ xfdLn] lbPsf] xf] eGg] ;d]t Jox]/fsf]hutf/}gLb]jLsf] ;gfvt sfuh .

d[ts nf;sf] kmf]6f] / sk8f;d]t sf]b]ofbjsf] 5f]/L ?gLb]jLsf] xf] eGg] ;d]t Joxf]/fsf]a'lemPsf] b]jL ;fx", k/d]Zj/, /fdljnf;, sf/L;fx" ;d]tsf] ;gfvt sfuh .

d]/L 5f]/L ?gLb]jLsf] ljjfx cf}/xL j:g]nId0f ofbj;+Fu ePsf] / @)%! ;fn >fj0fdfHjfO+{ cfO{ 5f]/L ?gLnfO{ lx+8eGbf a'jf cfPkl5dfq hfG5' egL 5f]/Ln] eGbf s'6kL6 u/]/ nu]sf/ kl5 >Ldfg\ cfPkl5 ;a} s'/f ;'gfO{ b]j/ljxf/LnfO{ HjfFO{sf] 3/ k7fO{ 5f]/L vf]OeGbfltdLx¿s} 3/ kmsL{ uOg\ egL lghx¿n] hjfkmlbP egL b]j/n] eg]sf]n] bfOhf] - 8fnL_ sdeof] egL OjL /fvL d]/f] klt 3/df gePsf]df}sf kf/L lghx¿n] 5f]/L ?gLnfO{ s'6kL6 u/Ldf/L kmfn]sf x'g'k5{ eGg] ;d]t d[tssL cfdfhutf/}gLb]jL ofbj / jL/Gb|s'df/ ofbj ;d]tsf]Ps} ldnfgsf] sfuh .

d[ts ?gL dfOtLdf /x]sf] cj:yfdf@)%! ;fn >fj0f ( ut] nId0f ;;'/fnL uO{?gLnfO{ cfˆgf] 3/df nu]sf] / s'6kL6 u/L

hfx ]/Ldf n]vfPsf dxfb ]j ofbj;d]tsfJolQmx¿n] st{Jo u/L df/]sf x'g\ egL ufpFn]x¿n]eg]sf] ;'g]sf] x'F eGg] ;d]t Joxf]/fsf] ;f]gfO{ofbj, /fd]Zj/ ;fx, chos'df/ ;d]tsf] Ps}ldnfgsf] sfuh .

/fd' ofbj;F +u ukmsf] l;nl;nfdf/fdrGb| ofbj cfhsn b]lvFf]:b}g egL ;f]4f?gLb]jL d/]sf] 8/n] efuL ef/ttk{m uPsf 5g\egL ;'gfPsf lyP . hfx]/jfnLsf] 5f]/LnfO{ s;n]df/] yfxf 5}g eGg] ;d]t uf}/L bf;sf] sfuh .

hfx]/jfnLsf] 5f]/L ?gLnfO{ HjfFO{nId0fn] hj/\h:tL NofPsf] / lgh ?gL lj/fdLk/L pkrf/ u/fpg b/e+uf nu]sf] / kl5 3/gNofPsf] eGg] xNnf ;'g]sf] x'F . hfx]/Ldf plNnlvtJolQmx¿n] ?gLnfO{ st{Jo u/L df/]sf]df z+sfnfU5 egL efujt bf;, sf/Lb]j ofbj ;d]tn]u/]sf] sfuh .

5f]/f nId0fn] uf]?uf8Ldf a'xf/L ?gLnfO{lnO{ cfP . a'xf/L 3/ cfPsf] %.^ lbgkl5 Hj/f]cfO{ pkrf/ u/fpg b/e+uf nfg d, nId0f,>LdtL jf}sL eO{ a'xf/LnfO{ lnO{ uO{ nblgof;Ddk'¥ofO{ lghx¿nfO{ ToxL 5f]8L d 3/ cfPF . nId0f/ af}sLb]jL #.$ lbkl5 3/ cfPsf x'g\ . a'xf/L?gLsf] pkrf/ x'g g;sL d[To' ePsf] eGof] .a'xf/LnfO{ lsg ef/ttk{m pkrf/ u/fpg nu]5f]/f nId0f g} hfg\ . b]vfPsf] kmf]6f] a'xf/Lsf]h:tf] nfU5 . nfz ef/td} cGTo]i6L u/]+ eGy] .s;/L nfz cfof] yfxf 5}g eGg] ;d]t Joxf]/fsf]cleo'Qm dxfb]j ofbjn] k|x/Ldf u/]sf] jofg .

@)%!.$.( ut] HjfO{ nId0fn] ?gLnfO{hj/\h:tL nu]kl5 bfh' pkrf/af6 cfPkl5 5f]/Llng dnfO{ k7fpFbf tkfO{s} 3/ uO{ eg]sf]n]vf]htnf; nufpFbf bfOhf] sd lbPsf] sf/0fn]nId0f;d]tsf hfx]/Ldf plNnlvt dflg;x¿n]s'6kL6 u/L elthL ?gLnfO{ xTof u/]sf]df k"0f{ljZjf; nfUb5 eGg] ;d]t ljxf/Lk|;fbsf] sfuh .

628628628628628

hfx]/LjfnfsL 5f]/L ?gL lj/fdL k/]sf]eGg] dxfb]jn] eg]sf] ;'g]sf] x'F . lj/fdL k/]sf]b]lvg . lj/fdL eO{ egL dxfb]j, af}sL, e'NnfnId0f ;d]t eO{ 3/af6 nu]sf] b]v]sf] x'F . dxfb]j;f]xL lbg kmsL{ cfof] . c? #–$ lbgkl5 cfP .?gLb]jL kmls{Og . nId0fsf] egfOcg';f/ ?gLsf]ef/tdf pkrf/ x'Fbfx'b} d[To' ePsf] xf] eGg];d]t lyof] . s;n] df/]sf] xf], xf]Og yfxf 5}geGg] ;d]t /fdrGb| ofbjsf] jofg sfuh .

ldlt yfxf 5}g . d]/f] a'xf/Lsf] d[To' ePsf]$ lbg eof] . k"hf ul/lbg' egL dxfb]jn] eg]sf]n]d cfO{ !) lbgsf] sfhlqmof ul/lbPsf] x'F .sfhlqmof ubf{ dxfb]jafx]ssf kl/jf/ c? sf]xLlyPgg\ . d[ts ?gL s] e} d/]sL x'g ;f] klgdnfO{ yfxf 5}g eGg] ;d]t Joxf]/fsf] if8fgGbemfsf] sfuh .

o;df k | ltjfbLx¿n] d'n 'sL P ]g,Hofg;DaGwL dxnsf] ! g+ åf/f lgif]lwt tyf;f]xL dxnsf] !#-#_ g+ åf/f kl/eflift s;"/ ck/fwu/]sf] b]lvPsf] x'Fbf lgh k|ltjfbLx¿ dxfb]jofbj, nId0f ofbj, e'Nnf ofbj tyf af}sLofbjgLnfO{ ;f]xL Hofg;DaGwL dxnsf] !#-#_ g+adf]lhd xb};Ddsf] ;hfo ul/kfpmF eGg] ;d]tJoxf]/fsf] cleof]u dfu bfaL .

kmf]6f] b]v]+ . a'xf/L ?gL ofbjsf] xf]Og .a'xf/L lj/fdL k/L nId0f ofbjn] pkrf/ u/fpgb/e+uf nu]sf] / @)%!.%.# ut] lghsf] b/e+ufdfg} d[To' eof] egL nId0fn] eg]sf x'g\ . b]vfOPsf];fdfgx¿ d]/f] a'xf/Lsf] xf]Og . d}n] lgha'xf/LnfO{ df/]sf] xf]Og . em"¶f cleof]uaf6 ;kmfOkfpmF eGg] ;d]t Joxf]/fsf] k|ltjfbL dxfb]j ofbjn]z'? lhNnf cbfntdf u/]sf] jofg .

k|ltjfbL nId0f ofbj, e'Nnf ofbj /af}sLn] @)%@.%.! df tfd]n ePsf] DofbL k"hL{sf]Dofb u'hf/L a;]sf /x]5g\ .

o;df k | ltjfbL dxfb ]j ofbjsf ]5f]/fa'xf/L d[ts ?gL ofbjgL ePsf]df ljjfb5}g . bfOhf]sf] sf/0faf6 a'xf/LnfO{ s'6\g] sfo{;d]t x'g] / dfg]{;Dd sfo{ oL k|ltjfbLn] u/]sf]xf]Og eGg ;lsg] cfwf/ k|df0f b]lvg gcfPsf] /ls6fgL hfx]/L, 36gf:yn d'r'Nsf, nfzhfFrd'r'Nsf tyf kf]i6df6{d l/kf]6{;d]taf6 oLk|ltjfbL;d]tn] df/]sf] s'/f k'li6 x'g cfPsf]n]lgh k|ltjfbL dxfb]j ofbjnfO{ Hofg;DaGwLsf]!#-#_ g+ cg';f/ hGds}b x'g] 7x5{ . cGok|ltjfbLx¿ nId0f ofbj, e'Nnf ofbj / af}sLofbjgLsf] xsdf c=j+= !() g+ adf]lhd d'NtjLdf/flvlbg' eGg] ;d]t l;/fxf lhNnf cbfntaf6ldlt @)%$.#.!& df ePsf] k}m;nf .

a]jf/];] cj:yfdf k]mnf k/]sf] ;8]sf]nf;nfO{ ?gLb]jLsf] 7x/ u/L l;/fxf lhNnfcbfntn] dnfO{ hGds}b ug]{ u/L u/]sf] k}m;nfq'l6k"0f{ x'Fbf pQm k}m;nf ab/ u/L em"¶f cleof]ubfaLaf6 km";{+b ul/kfpmF eGg] ;d]t k|ltjfbL dxfb]jofbjsf] k'g/fj]bg cbfnt, /fhlj/fhdf k/]sf]k'g/fj]bg kq .

k|ltjfbL dxfb]j ofbj cf/f]lkt s;"/dfOGsf/ /x]sf], st{Jo u/]sf] b]Vg] k|ToIfbzL{sf]cefj /x]sf] / nfz k|ToIf ;gfvt geO{ kmf]6f]af6;gfvt ePsf] ;Gbe{;d]taf6 z'? cbfntsf]k}m;nf km/s kg{;Sg] b]lvFbf c=a=@)@ g+ ;d]tadf]lhd k'g/fj]bg ;/sf/L jsLn sfof{nonfO{k]zLsf] ;"rgf lbO{ k]z ug'{ eGg] ;d]t k'g/fj]bgcbfnt, /fhlj/fhsf] ldlt @)%%.@.!# sf] cfb]z .

kf]i6df6{d l/kf]6{cg';f/sf] 3fprf]6 oLk'g/fj]bs k|ltjfbL dxfb]jsf] sf/0faf6 ePsf]eGg] rZdbLb ujfx / j:t'lgi7 k|df0fsf] cefjdfd[tssf] ;;'/f ePs} gftfn] dfq s]jn cg'dfg/ z+sfsf] e/df k|ltjfbL dxfb]j ofbjnfO{ bf]ifL7x/ ug{ ldNb}g . cGo kl/l:YflthGo k|df0faf6klg cleof]ucg';f/sf] s;"/ oL k|ltjfbL dxfb]jn]


629629629629629


u/]sf] k'li6 gePsf]n] bfjLcg';f/ ;hfo ug]{u/]sf] z'? l;/fxf lhNnf cbfntsf] k}m;nf dgfl;jb]lvg cfPg . ctM plNnlvt k|df0fx¿sf] cfwf/dfk'g/fj]bs k|ltjfbL dxfb]j ofbjn] cleof]ukqadf]lhdsf] s;"/ u/]sf] k|df0faf6 gb]lvPsf]n]cf/f]lkt s;"/af6 lghn] ;kmfO kfpg] 7x5{ eGg];d]t Joxf]/fsf] k'g/fj]bg cbfnt, /fhlj/fhsf]ldlt @)%%.*.@( sf] k}m;nf .

ldl;n ;+nUg k|df0faf6 :ki6 h]b[li6uf]r/ x'G5 Tof] g} OG;fkmsf] ;|f]t xf] . To;}sf]cfwf/df Gofo lg/f]k0f ul/g' kg]{ xf] . t/ k|:t'td'2fdf ;+slnt ;a'b k|df0faf6 b]lvPsf] s'/fnfO{Psftk{m kG5fO{ k|ltjfbLnfO{ ;kmfO lbPsf] x'Fbfk 'g/fj ]bg cbfnt, /fhlj/fhsf ] k } m;nfk|df0f;Ddt geO{ q'l6k"0f{ ;d]t ePsf] x'Fbf ;f]k}m;nf ab/ u/L dfu bfaLadf]lhd k|ltjfbLnfO{;hfo ul/kfpmF eGg] ;d]t Joxf]/fsf] jfbL >L %sf] ;/sf/sf tk{maf6 ;jf]{Rr cbfntdf kg{cfPsf] k'g/fj]bg kq .

z'? lhNnf cbfntn] k|ltjfbLnfO{ jfbLbfaLadf]lhd s;"/bf/ 7x/fO{ u/]sf] k}m;nf pN6Lu/L k|ltjfbL dxfb]j ofbjnfO{ ;kmfO lbg] u/]sf]k'g/fj]bg cbfnt, /fhlj/fhsf] ldlt @)%%.*.@(sf] k}m;nf dgfl;j x'Fbf ;b/ x'g] 7x5{, jfbL >L% sf] ;/sf/sf] k'g/fj]bg lhsL/ k'Ug ;Sb}geGg] ;d]t Joxf]/fsf] ldlt @)%(.!@.!@ df ;jf]{Rrcbfntaf6 ePsf] k}m;nf .

k|ltjfbL nId0f ofbj, k|ltjfbL e"Nnfofbj, k|ltjfbL af}sL ofbjgL ;d]tsf] xsdfldlt @)%$.#.!& sf] k}m;nfn] c=j+= !() g+cg';f/ d'ntjL /x]sf] lghx¿ Dofbleq kqmfpk/L jf cfk}+m xflh/ x'g gcfPsf]n] k|:t't d'2fd'ntjLaf6 hufpg] cfb]z u/L lbPsf] 5 . ;/sf/Lkmf}hbf/L bfo/Ldf btf{ u/L k]z ug'{ eGg] ;d]tldlt @)^#.$.@! ut] d'ntjLaf6 hfuL bfo/ePsf] .

km/f/ k|ltjfbLx¿ nId0f ofbj, e'Nnfofbj / af}sL ofbjn] s;"/ gu/]sf] eP km/f//xg' gkg]{ / cfˆgf] kIf cbfntdf k|:t't u/L;kmfO lng' kg]{df ;f] gePaf6 ;Dk"0f{ ;a"bk|df0faf6 oL k|ltjfbLx¿ lgbf]{if x'g\ egL dfGggldnL bfOhf]sf] sf/0faf6 d[tsnfO{ s'6kL6 u/Ldf/]sf] s'/f nfzk|s[lt d'r'Nsf / nfzhfFrl/kf]6{af6 k|dfl0ft x'g cfPsf] / o:tf] k|df0fnfO{uf}0f dfgL cbfntdf gcfO{ km/f/ /xg]nfO{ ;'ljwflbg] xf] eGg] kmf}hbf/L Gofo ljs[t x'g hfg] x'Fbfpko'{Qm cfwf/df k|ltjfbLx¿n] cf/f]lkt s;"/u/]sf] 7x5{ . k|ltjfbLx¿nfO{ Hofg;DaGwLsf] !#g+= sf] b]xfo # adf]lhd hGds}b x'g] 7x5{ eGg]l;/fxf lhNnf cbfntaf6 ldlt @)^#.%.!! dfePsf] k}m;nf .

;fws hf Frsf ] nflu z'? lhNnfcbfntaf6 ePsf] k}m;nf k'g/fj]bg cbfnt,/fhlj/fhdf k]z ePsf] .

?gLb]jLnfO{ lghsf] nf]Ug]n] s'6kL6 ub}{nu]sf] / 5f]/L k]mnf gk/]sL / a]jf/];] kmflnPsf]nf; / jfs; k]mnf k/L nf; j]jf/];] egL 8f]dsf]lhDdf nfu]sf]df k|df0f g} nf]k ul/;s]sf]df nf;n]nufPsf] n'uf, kmf]6f] / jfs;sf] cfwf/af6 ;gfvteO{ aNntNn 5f]/LnfO{ df/]sf] yfxf kfPsf] l:ylt5 . nfz 5]pdf k]mnf k/]sf] uD5f d[tssf] nf]Ug]nId0f ofbjsf] egL jofg u/]sf] ;d]taf6 nId0fofbj s;"/bf/ xf]Og egL dfGg ldNg] b]lvgcfPg . nId0f ofbj;d]tn] ?gL ofbjnfO{ ljxfg}lnO{ uPsf] / nfz 5]paf6 nId0fsf] uD5f j/fdbePsf] sf/0f ;d]taf6 lgh ;d]t eO{ ?gLb]jLsf]xTof u/L c/f]lkt s;"/ u/]sf] b]lvg cfof] .

k|ltjfbL af}sL ofbjgL / e'Nnf ofbjsf]xsdf ljrf/ ubf{ bx]hsf] ljifodf ?gL ofbjnfO{s'6kL6 ug]{ u/]sf] tYosf] cnfjf ?gL ofbjgLnfO{nId0f ofbjn] ljxfg} lnP/ hfFbf klg af}sLofbjgL klg uPsf] egL dxfb]j ofbjn]

630630630630630

cg';Gwfgsf] l;nl;nfdf sfuh ubf{ ;=h=# dfpNn]v ul/lbPsf, To:t} u/L d'2f grnfOPsft/ tTsfn cleo'Qmsf] ¿kdf /x]sf] /fdrGb|ofbjn] cg';Gwfgsf] l;nl;nfdf sfuh ubf{;=h=# df dxfb]j ofbj lghsf] >LdtL af}sLb]jL, e'Nnf ofbj / nId0f ofbjn] pHofnf] gxF'b}?gL ofbjnfO{ nu]sf egL n]vfO{ lbPsf] b]lvG5 .o;/L k|ltjfbLx¿sf 3/tk{msf JolQmx¿n] klg?gL ofbjnfO{ nu]sf] dxfb]j ofbj p;} lbg kms]{klg c? gkms]{sf] / ?gL x/fPsf] tYox¿ n]vfO{lbPsf] cj:yfdf hf/L ePsf] jf/]G6 / DofbLk"hL{sf] Dofbcg'¿k xflh/ eO{ k|ltjfb gu/Lkm/f/ /xL a;]sf], cfˆgf] kl/jf/sf] a'xf/Lsf] xTofePsf] 5 3/sf] d'nL dxfb]j ofbj k|ltjfbL ug{cfO{ OGsf/ /xg] p;} 3/sf cGo k|ltjfbLx¿n]d[tsnfO{ lnO{ uPsf] b]Vg] eg]sf]df Tof] s'/fxf]Og eGg gcfO{ ef/tdf d/]sf] eGg] k|df0fagfpg nfUg] ofjt\ sf/0fx¿af6 oL k|ltjfbLaf}sL ofbjgL / e'Nnf ofbjnfO{ lgbf]{if x'g\ egLdfGg ldn]g . lghx¿ ;d]t ldnL ?gLb]jLsf]xTof u/]sf] b]lvg cfPsf]n] k|ltjfbLx¿n] cf/f]lkts;"/ u/]sf] 7x¥ofO{ hGds}b u/L k|ltjfbLx¿nId0f ofbj, af}sL ofbj / e'Nnf ofbj ;d]thgf tLg sf] xsdf ;fws hfx]/Lsf] nflu k]zu/]sf]df z'? l;/fxf lhNnf cbfntaf6 ldlt@)^#.%.!!.! df tLg} hgfnfO{ s;"/bf/ 7x¥ofO{hGds}b ug]{ u/]sf] k}m;nf ldn]s} x'Fbf ;fws;b/ x'g] 7x5{ eGg] k'g/fj]bg cbfnt,/fhlj/fhsf] ldlt @)^#.!!.@& sf] k}m;nf .

k'g/fj]bg cbfntaf6 ePsf] k}m;nf;fws hfFrsf] nflu o; cbfntdf btf{ eO{ k]zePsf] .

lgodadf]lhd k]zL;"rLdf r9L lg0f{ofy{k]z ePsf] k|:t't d'2fdf k'g/fj]bg cbfntaf6ePsf] k}m;nf ldn] gldn]sf] s] /x]5 < eGg];DaGwdf g} lg0f{o lbg'kg]{ b]lvof] .

@= lg0f {otk { m ljrf/ ubf {k|ltjfbLx¿ nId0f ofbj, e'Nnf ofbj / jf}sLofbjsf] gfddf z'? lhNnf cbfntaf6 hf/LePsf] jf/]G6;lxtsf] DofbL k"hL{sf] Dofbdflghx¿ xflh/ geO{ km/f/ /x]sf sf/0f lghx¿sf]xsdf c=j= !() g+= adf]lhd d'ntjL /xL csf]{k|ltjfbL dxfb]j ofbjsf] xsdf OG;fkm x'Fbf lghk|ltjfbL dxfb]j ofbjnfO{ z'?n] cleof]ubfaLadf]lhd s;"/bf/ sfod u/L Hofg;DaGwLdxnsf] !#-#_ g+ adf]lhd ;hfo ug]{ u/]sf] k}m;nfpN6L u/L k'g/fj]bg cbfnt, /fhlj/fhaf6 ;kmfOlbg] u/L ldlt @)%%.*.@( df ePsf] k}m;nf o;cbfnt ;d]taf6 ldlt @)%(.!@.!@ df ;b/ e}clGtd eO/x]sf] b]lvof] .

#= oL k|ltjfbLx¿sf] xsdf ldlt@)^#.$.@! sf] cfb]zn] k|:t't d'2f d'ntjLaf6hfuL z'? l;/xf lhNnf cbfntaf6 k}m;nf x'Fbfcleof]u bfaLadf]lhd s;"/bf/ 7x/ u/Lk|ltjfbLx¿ nId0f ofbj, e'Nnf ofbj / jf}sLofbj ;d]tnfO{ Hofg;DaGwL dxnsf] !#-#_ g+adf]lhd ;hfo x'g] 7x/ ePsf]df ;f] k}m;nf;b/ x'g] u/L ePsf] k'g/fj]bg cbfntsf] k}m;nf;fws hfFrsf] nflu k]z ePsf] cj:yf b]lvof] .

$= k|ltjfbLx¿ nId0f, e'Nnf /af}sL;d]tn] d[ts ?gLb]jLnfO{ bfOhf]sf] ljifodfs'6kL6 u/L df/L kmfnL lbPsf] eGg] hfx]/L b/vf:t/x]sf] b]lvG5 eg] d[tssf] kf]i6df6{d l/kf]6{dfShock due to haemorrage caused by neck

injury eGg] pNn]v eO+ d[tssf] z/L/el/ / ufnf,Rofk", 3fF6L;d]tdf rf]6 nfu]sf] eGg] b]lvG5 .bfOhf]sf] sf/0faf6 d[ts ?gLb]jLnfO{ ;f;", ;;'/f/ nf]Ug]n] s'6kL6 ug]{ u/]sf] / jf/bftk"j{ klgHjfOF{n] s'6kL6 ub}{ d[ts 5f]/L 3/lt/ nu]sf]eGb} hfx]/jfnf sf]b] ofbjn] hfx]/L lbO{ cbfntdfcfO { ls6fgL askq u/ ]sf ] cj:yf 5 .cg';Gwfgsf qmddf a'lemPsf jL/]Gb|s'df/ ofbj


631631631631631


/ hutf/ }gL b ]jLn ] ;d ]t cg ';Gwfgsf ]l;nl;nfdf n]vfO{ lbPsf] Joxf]/fnfO{ ;dy{gub}{ cbfntdf askq ubf{ log} k|ltjfbLx¿nfO{kf]n u/]sf] b]lvG5 . o;} cleof]usf csf{ cf/f]kLtyf d[tssf ;;'/f dxfb]j ofbjn] cf/f]lkts;"/af6 ;kmfO kfpg] u/L o; cbfnt;d]taf6clGtd k}m;nf eO;s]sf]df lgh dxfb]j ofbjsf]clwsf/k|fKt clwsf/L;dIfsf] jofg x]bf {d[tssf] nfz 5]pdf a/fdb ePsf] uD5fk|ltjfbL nId0f ofbjsf] xf] egL lghn] pNn]vul/lbPsf] b]lvG5 . d[ts ?gLb]jLnfO{ lghsf]nf]Ug] k|ltjfbL nId0f ofbjn] s'6kL6 ub}{ nu]sf]/ 5f]/L k]mnf gk/]sLn] vf]htnf; ubf{ j]jf/];]cj:yfdf kmflnPsf] nfz / jfs;;d]tsf]cfwf/df d[tssf] ;gfvt u/L oL k|ltjfbLx¿pk/ ls6fgL hfx]/L lbPsf] o:tf] l:yltdfd[tssf] nfz glhsaf6 a/fdb ePsf] uD5fk|ltjfbL nId0f ofbjs} ePsf] eGg] lghs} afa'csf{ k|ltjfbL dxfb]j ofbjsf] jofg;d]taf6k'li6 eO/x]sf] ;d]taf6 k|ltjfbLx¿ nId0fofbj, e'Nnf ofbj / af}sL ofbjsf] st{Joaf6}?gfb]jLsf] xTof ePsf] b]lvg cfof] .

%= k|ltjfbLx¿ nId0f ofbj,e"Nnf ofbj / af}sL ofbjn] z'? Dofb} u'hf/Lkm/f/ /x]sf] l:ylt 5 . oL k|ltjfbLx¿n] cf/f]lkts;"/ gu/]sf] eP cbfntaf6 hf/L ePsf] DofbLk"hL{sf] Dofbleq pkl:yt eO{ cfˆgf] lgbf]{liftfsf]k|df0f k]z u/L Gofo ;Dkfbgsf] sfo{df rf;f]/fVg ;Sg' kg]{ x'G5 . d[tssf] nf]Ug] tyf;f;";d]tsf gftfsf k|ltjfbLx¿n] cfˆgf] kTgLtyf a'xf/Lsf] st{Jo u/L dfg]{ sfo{df ;+nUgtfg/x]sf] eP km/f/ /xL j:g'kg]{ klg b]lvF+b}g .d[tssf] nfz;F+u}af6 nId0f ofbjsf] uD5fa/fdb ePsf] / 3/af6 d[tsnfO{ lnP/ hfFbfnId0f ofbj;Fu af}sL ofbj;d]t ;fy} uPsf]tYo dxfb]j ofbjsf] jofgaf6 v'ln/x]sf]

b]lvPsf] 5 . To:t} cg';Gwfgs} qmddf /fdrGb|ofbjn] u/]sf] aofgdf d[ts ?gLb]jLnfO{ dxfb]jofbj, nId0f ofbj, e"Nnf ofbj / af}sLofbj eO{ 3/af6 lnO{ uPsf egL pNn]vul/lbPsf]df lgh dxfb]j ofbj p;} lbg 3/kmsL{ cfO{ oL k|ltjfbLx¿ nId0f, e"Nnf /af}sLdfq km/f/ /x]sf] b]lvG5 . ldl;n ;+nUgdxfb]j ofbjs} clwsf/k|fKt clwsf/L;dIfsf]/ cbfntsf] jofg x]bf{ d[ts ?gLb]jLnfO{ef/tsf] b/e+ufdf pkrf/ ug{ n}hfFbf af6fd}d/ ]sf ] xf ] ls eGg klg d [ts ?gLb ]jLk|ltjfbLx¿;F+u 3/df /x]sf] avt ef/td} n}hfgkg]{ u/L lj/fdL /x]sf] eGg] sxLFaf6 v'Nb}g .lghnfO{ k|ltjfbLx¿n] pkrf/ ug{ ef/ttk{mnu]sf jvt d[To' ePsf] eP lghsf] nfzg]kfnleq NofO{ j]jfl/z] cj:yfdf kmfnL k|df0fg} nf]k x'g] l:ylt l;h{gf ug'{kg]{ klg b]lvFb}g .3/sf nf]Ug], ;f;", ;;'/f;d]t eO{ d[tsnfO{3/af6 lnO{ hfg] / ;;'/f 3/ kmsL{ cfP klgd[tssf] nf]Ug] k|ltjfbL nId0f / ;f;" af}sL;d]tkm/f/ /xL nfz j]jfl/z] kmfn]sf]af6 log}k|ltjfbLx¿n] d[tsnfO{ s'6kL6 u/L df/]sf] tYok'li6 x'g cfpF5 .

^= t;y{ k|ltjfbLx¿ nId0f ofbj,e"Nnf ofbj / af}sL ofbjnfO{ cf/f]lkt cleof]udfs;"/bf/ 7x¥ofO{ Hofg;DaGwL dxnsf] !#-#_ g+adf]lhd hgxL hGds}b x'g] 7x¥ofPsf] z'? k}m;nf;b/ u/]sf] k'g/fj]bg cbfnt, /fhlj/fhsf] ldlt@)^#.!!.@& sf] k}m;nf ldn]sf] b]lvFbf ;fws;b/ x'g] 7x5{ . bfo/Lsf] nut s§f u/L ldl;na'emfO{ lbg" .

ptm /fodf d ;xdt 5' .Gof= lu/LzrGb| nfnOlt ;+jt\ @)^% ;fn kmfu'g @@ut] /f]h % z'ed\=Ohnf; clws[t M ljb'/ sf]O/fnf

632632632632632

lg0f{o g+= *!@& ;fpg, @)^^

;jf]{Rr cbfnt, ;+o'Qm Ohnf;dfggLo GofofwLz >L lvn/fh /]UdL

dfggLo GofofwLz >L df]xgk|sfz l;6f}nf;+jt\ @)^! ;fnsf] ;=kmf}=k'=g+= ==#&%$

km};nf ldltM @)^^.!.#.%d'2f M hj/\h:tL s/0fL

k'g/fj]bsM v s'df/L -kl/jlt{t gfd_ sf] hfx]/Ln]g]kfn ;/sf/

lj?4k|ltjfbLM lhNnf s}nfnL l6sfk'/ g=kf= jf8{ g+= ^

j:g] jL/axfb'/ 6d6f

z'? km};nf ug]{Mdf=Gof= >L gf/fo0fk|;fb lwtfn

k'g/fj]bg km};nf ug]{Mdf=Gof= >L ;f]daxfb'/ sf]O/fnfdf=Gof= >L k/z'/fd emf

§ clwsf/k|fKt clwsf/L;dIf u/]sf ]clwsf/k|fKt clwsf/L;dIf u/]sf ]clwsf/k|fKt clwsf/L;dIf u/]sf ]clwsf/k|fKt clwsf/L;dIf u/]sf ]clwsf/k|fKt clwsf/L;dIf u/]sf ]jofg kLl8tsf ] df }sfsf ] sfuh,jofg kLl8tsf ] df }sfsf ] sfuh,jofg kLl8tsf ] df }sfsf ] sfuh,jofg kLl8tsf ] df }sfsf ] sfuh,jofg kLl8tsf ] df }sfsf ] sfuh,hfx ]/ L bvf {:t, lrlsT;sx¿sf ]hfx ]/ L bvf {:t, lrlsT;sx¿sf ]hfx ]/ L bvf {:t, lrlsT;sx¿sf ]hfx ]/ L bvf {:t, lrlsT;sx¿sf ]hfx ]/ L bvf {:t, lrlsT;sx¿sf ]k |ltj]bg, 36gf:yn d'r'Nsfh:tfk|ltj]bg, 36gf:yn d'r'Nsfh:tfk|ltj]bg, 36gf:yn d'r'Nsfh:tfk|ltj]bg, 36gf:yn d'r'Nsfh:tfk|ltj]bg, 36gf:yn d'r'Nsfh:tfldl;n ;+nUg :jtGq k|df0fx¿af6ldl;n ;+nUg :jtGq k|df0fx¿af6ldl;n ;+nUg :jtGq k|df0fx¿af6ldl;n ;+nUg :jtGq k|df0fx¿af6ldl;n ;+nUg :jtGq k|df0fx¿af6k'li6 eO/x]sf] / tL k|df0fx¿ cGoyfk'li6 eO/x]sf] / tL k|df0fx¿ cGoyfk'li6 eO/x]sf] / tL k|df0fx¿ cGoyfk'li6 eO/x]sf] / tL k|df0fx¿ cGoyfk'li6 eO/x]sf] / tL k|df0fx¿ cGoyfx'g\ egL k|ltjfbLn] v08g x'g] u/Lx'g\ egL k|ltjfbLn] v08g x'g] u/Lx'g\ egL k|ltjfbLn] v08g x'g] u/Lx'g\ egL k|ltjfbLn] v08g x'g] u/Lx'g\ egL k|ltjfbLn] v08g x'g] u/Lk'li6 ug{ g;s]sf] ;d]tsf] cfwf/k'li6 ug{ g;s]sf] ;d]tsf] cfwf/k'li6 ug{ g;s]sf] ;d]tsf] cfwf/k'li6 ug{ g;s]sf] ;d]tsf] cfwf/k'li6 ug{ g;s]sf] ;d]tsf] cfwf/k|df0faf6 k|ltjfbLn] !$ jif{ d'lgsf]k|df0faf6 k|ltjfbLn] !$ jif{ d'lgsf]k|df0faf6 k|ltjfbLn] !$ jif{ d'lgsf]k|df0faf6 k|ltjfbLn] !$ jif{ d'lgsf]k|df0faf6 k|ltjfbLn] !$ jif{ d'lgsf]kLl8t jflnsfnfO { s/0fL u/ ]sf ]kLl8t jflnsfnfO { s/0fL u/ ]sf ]kLl8t jflnsfnfO { s/0fL u/ ]sf ]kLl8t jflnsfnfO { s/0fL u/ ]sf ]kLl8t jflnsfnfO { s/0fL u/ ]sf ]7xg] { .7xg] { .7xg] { .7xg] { .7xg] { .

-k|s/0f g+=@_§ s/0fL u/]sf] tYo z+sf/lxt tj/af6s/0fL u/]sf] tYo z+sf/lxt tj/af6s/0fL u/]sf] tYo z+sf/lxt tj/af6s/0fL u/]sf] tYo z+sf/lxt tj/af6s/0fL u/]sf] tYo z+sf/lxt tj/af6

k'li6 gePsf] egL kmf}hbf/L Gofosf]k'li6 gePsf] egL kmf}hbf/L Gofosf]k'li6 gePsf] egL kmf}hbf/L Gofosf]k'li6 gePsf] egL kmf}hbf/L Gofosf]k'li6 gePsf] egL kmf}hbf/L Gofosf]z+sfsf] ;'ljwf k|ltjfbLn] kfpF5 eGg]z+sfsf] ;'ljwf k|ltjfbLn] kfpF5 eGg]z+sfsf] ;'ljwf k|ltjfbLn] kfpF5 eGg]z+sfsf] ;'ljwf k|ltjfbLn] kfpF5 eGg]z+sfsf] ;'ljwf k|ltjfbLn] kfpF5 eGg]

l;4fGtsf] unt JofVof Pj+ k|of]ul;4fGtsf] unt JofVof Pj+ k|of]ul;4fGtsf] unt JofVof Pj+ k|of]ul;4fGtsf] unt JofVof Pj+ k|of]ul;4fGtsf] unt JofVof Pj+ k|of]uu/L cf/f]lkt s;"/af6 ;kmfO lbgu/L cf/f]lkt s;"/af6 ;kmfO lbgu/L cf/f]lkt s;"/af6 ;kmfO lbgu/L cf/f]lkt s;"/af6 ;kmfO lbgu/L cf/f]lkt s;"/af6 ;kmfO lbggldNg] .gldNg] .gldNg] .gldNg] .gldNg] .

-k|s/0f g+=#_

k'g/fj]bs tkm{af6M ljåfg pkGofoflwjQmf >L/]jtL/fh lqkf7L

k|ltjfbL tkm{af6McjnlDjt ghL/M;Da4 sfg"gM§ d'n'sL P]g hj/\h:tL s/0fLsf] dxnsf] !

/ # g+=

km};nfGof=lvn/fh /]UdLMGof=lvn/fh /]UdLMGof=lvn/fh /]UdLMGof=lvn/fh /]UdLMGof=lvn/fh /]UdLM k'g/fj]bg cbfnt,

lbkfonsf] ldlt @)^).(.@@.# sf] km};nfpk/jfbL g]kfn ;/sf/sf] tkm{af6 Gofo k|zf;g P]g,@)$* sf] bkmf ( cg';f/ kg{ cfPsf] k|:t'td'2fsf] ;+lIfKt tYo Pj+ lg0f{o o; k|sf/5 M

1 s'df/ -kl/jlt{t gfd_ sf] 5f]/L jif{ *sL s s'df/L -kl/jlt{t gfd_ nfO{ ltd|f] lbbLlj/fdL 5 6Lsfk'/ k'¥ofO{ lbG5' egL ldlt@)%&.^.@ ut]sf lbg lghsf] legfh' jL/axfb'/6d6fn] 3/af6 nuL ;fem * jh]sf] ;dodfnfnjf]emLsf] h+undf hj/\h:tL s/0fL u/]sf]s'/f kLl8t s s'df/Ln] eg]sLn] jL/axfb'/ 6d6fdfly sf/jfxL ul/kfpmF eGg] ;d]t v s'df/Lsf]@)%&.^.^ sf] hfx]/L b/vf:t .

s s'df/LnfO{ s/0fL u/]sf] nIf0fb]lvG5 . of]gL RofltPsf] 5}g eGg] @)%&.^.^ sf]d]l8sn hfr l/kf]6{ .

k|ltjfbL jL/axfb'/ 6d6f d]/f] lbbLzdL{nfsf] b]j/ d]/f] legfh' gftf kg]{ x'Fbf d]/f]3/df cfpg] hfg] ub{Yof] . o;} qmddf @)%&.^.!ut] lgh legfh' d]/f] 3/df cfO{ ltd|f] lbbL lj/fdL5, jfnjRrfsf] x]/rfx ug{ ltdL d]/f] ;fydf

*!@& *!@& *!@& *!@& *!@& - g]kfn ;/sf/ lj=aL/axfb'/ 6df6f g]kfn ;/sf/ lj=aL/axfb'/ 6df6f g]kfn ;/sf/ lj=aL/axfb'/ 6df6f g]kfn ;/sf/ lj=aL/axfb'/ 6df6f g]kfn ;/sf/ lj=aL/axfb'/ 6df6f

633633633633633


lx8 egL @)%&.^.@ ut] 6Lsfk'/ hfgsf] nfluaf]nfP/ Nofof] . ;f] lbg 6Lsfk'/ guO nDsL x'b}hf]zLk'/ cfkm\gf] lbbLsxfF a;f+}nf egL eGg yfNof] .hf]zLk'/ k'Ug ;fem kl/;s]sf] x'+bf ;fem &.*jh]sf] ;dodf nfnjf]emL uf=lj=;= % sf] hª\ndfk'Ubf ;fOsn /f]sL af6f] eGbf s]xL k/ hª\unleqnuL hj/\h:tL e'O{df kN6fO{ /f]P s/fPdf df/LlbG5' egL wDsL lbO{ hj/\h:tL s/0fL u/]kl5 dj]xf]; ePF . ef]lnkN6 xf]; cfpbf cfkm\gf] 3/ky/}ofdf cfPsL x'+ . d}n] s;}nfO{ eg]sL lyOg .ldlt @)%&.^.% ut] v s'df/Ln] jtfp egL hf]/u/]sf] x'Fbf ePsf] Joxf]/f jtfPsL x'F eGg] ;d]tJoxf]/fsf] kLl8t s s'df/Ln] k|x/Ldf u/]sf] sfuh .

s/0fL ul/Psf] elgPsf] 7fpdf 3f;df+l8Psf,] df6f] vf]l;|Psf], v'6[fsf] 5fk b]lvPsf]eGg] 36gf:yn k|s[lt d'r'Nsf .

;fnL s s'df/LnfO{ ltd|f] lbbL lj/fdL 5ltdLnfO{ lng cfPsf] x'F egL @)%&.^.@ ut] 6Lsfk'/n}hfg egL ;fydf nuL nfnjf]emL e} hFfbf emdSs/ft k/]sf]n] otfptL 3/ klg gePsf]n] ysfO{n]ubf{ h+unsf] ?v d'gL jf; j:of}+ . ;f]xL /fltd}n] d}gfsf] xftd'v RofkL hj/\h:tL s/0fL u/]sf]x'+ eGg] ;d]t k|= aL/axfb'/ 6d6fn] k|x/Ldf u/]sf]jofg .

jL/axfb'/n] d}gfnfO{ s/0fL u¥of] eGg]s'/f ;'g]sf] x'+ eGg] ;d]t s]zaxfb'/ ;fpb ;d]tsf# hgfn] ul/lbPsf] sfuh .

hfx]/L b/vf:t, s]zaxfb'/ ;fpb;d]tsf dflg;sf] sfuh, j:t'l:ylt d'r'Nsfh:tf ;+slnt ;a"b k|df0fsf cfwf/df ss'df/LnfO{ aL/axfb'/ 6d6fn]] hj/\h:tL s/0fLu/]sf] b]lvFbf d'n'sL=P]g, hj/\h:tL s/0fLsf]dxnsf] ! g+= sf] s;"/df ;f]xL dxnsf] # g+=adf]lhd ;hfo u/L P]= sf] !) g+= adf]lhdcfwf c+z kLl8tnfO{ lbnfOkfpmF eGg] ;d]tJoxf]/fsf] cleof]u kq .

d]/f] efph' lj/fdL ePsf]n] d]/f] ;fnLgftf kg]{ s s'df/LnfO{ ltd|f] lbbL lj/fdL 5ltdLnfO{ af]nfPsf] 5 egL eg]sfn] ;fnLsf]3/af6 ldlt @)%&.^.# ut] d;Fu ;fOsn ePsf]n]k5fl8 /fv]/ ;fnL s s'df/LnfO{ NofO{ nfnjf]emLd]/f] lbbL ?v'sf] 3/df /ft jf; a:of}+ . ef]lnkN6klg ToxL a:of}+ . Toxf+sf ufpn]x¿n] nf} o;n]s]6L eufP/ Nofof] egL xNnf u/]sf] x'gfn]@)%&.^.% ut] ehgL yfgfsf k|x/Ln] ;dft]sfx'g\ . d}n] s s'df/LnfO{ s/0fL u/]sf] 5}g . k|x/LdfePsf] jofg k9]/ ;'gfPgg\ eGg] ;d]t Joxf]/fsf]k|ltjfbL aL/axfb'/ 6d6fn]] cbfntdf u/]sf]jofg .

kLl8tsf] pd]/ klg slnnf], wfswDsLsfsf/0faf6 s;}nfO{ geg]sf]nfO{ :jfefljs} dfGg'kg],{ df}sfsf] hfx]/L, kLl8tsf] sfuh, c:ktfnsf]hfFr, k|ltjfbLsf] clwsf/k|fKt clwsf/L;dIfu/]sf] jofgaf6 ;d]t k|ltjfbLn] !$ jif{ d'lgsLjflnsfnfO{ s/0fL u/]sf] b]lvFbf k|= jL/axfb'/6d6fnfO{ ^ jif{ s}b / lghsf] efusf] cfwf c+zkLl8t s s'df/Ln] e/fO{ kfpg] 7x5{ eGg] ;d]tJoxf]/fsf] ldlt @)%(.!).@ sf] s}nfnL lhNnfcbfntsf] km};nf .

hfx]/Lb]lv cGo a'lemPsf JolQm / cGosfuh ug]{ s'g} klg JolQmn] hj/\h:tL s/0fLu/]sf] b]v]sf] 5 eGg] sf]xL s;}n] eGg n]vfpg;s]sf] kfO{b}g . z+sf:kb sygnfO{ k|df0fdf lngldNg] xf]Og . s s'df/L * jif{sL dfq ePsLn] /hj/\h:tL s/0fL u/]sf] eP olt ;fgf] ss'df/Lsf] of]gL c+u ljsl;t gePsf] jflnsfsf]of}gfË Rofltg'kg,]{ 3fp b]lvg kg]{, /ut au]sf]jf sk8fdf /ut jf jLo{ nfu]sf] b]lvg' kg]{ 7f];;a"b k|df0fsf] cefjdf s;"/bf/ 7x¥ofO{ ul/Psf]z'? km};nf uDeL/ q'l6k"0f{ /x]sf] / k|df0f P]g,@)#! sf] bkmf #,(,@% sf] k|ltjGwfTdsjfSof+z;d]tsf] ljk/Lt /x] ePsf]n] ab/ pN6L

634634634634634

u/L ;kmfO{ lbnfO{ kfpmF eGg] ;d]t Joxf]/fsf]k|ltjfbL aL/axfb'/ 6d6fsf] k'g/fj]bg cbfntlbkfondf k/]sf] k'g/fj]bg kq .

hfx]/L bvf{:tafx]ssf cGo s'g} klgJolQmn] cbfntdf cfO{ k|ltjfbLn] hj/\h:tLs/0fL u/]sf] egL eGg] n]vfpg ;s]sf] b]lvFb}g .km}hbf/L ck/fwsf] s;"/ ug]{ s'g} JolQmpk/ck/fw u/]sf] xf] egL bfjL k'li6 ug]{ ef/ k|df0fP]g, @)#! sf] bkmf @% n] jfbL kIfnfO{ ePsf]df7f]; ;a'b k|df0fsf] cefjdf kmf}hbf/L cleof]udfk|ltjfbLn] z+sfsf] ;'ljwf kfpg] x'+bf s]jn k|x/Ldfu/]sf] jofgnfO{ dfq cfwf/ dfgL z'? s}nfnLlhNnf cbfntn] k|ltjfbLnfO{ s;"/bf/ 7x¥ofO{u/]sf] km};nf ldn]sf] gx'+bf pN6L x'g] 7x5{ eGg];d]t Joxf]/fsf] k'g/fj]bg cbfnt lbkfonsf]ldlt @)^).(.@@.# sf] km};nf .

k|df0f P]g, @)#! sf] bkmf ( adf]lhdk|ltjfbLsf] k|x/L;dIfsf] jofgnfO{ cGoyf eGg;lsg] cj:yf g/x]sf], kLl8t / hfx]/jfnLsf]sfuh, d]l8sn l/kf]6{;d]tsf cfwf/ k|df0fx¿sf]ljZn]if0f gu/L z'? OG;fkm pN6L u/L k|ltjfbLnfO{;kmfO lbg] u/L k'g/fj]bg cbfnt lbkfonn] u/]sf]km};nf uDeL/ q'l6k"0f{ b]lvFbf ;f] km};nf ab/ u/Lz'? lhNnf cbfntsf] km};nf ;b/ sfod ul/kfpmFeGg] ;d]t Joxf]/fsf] jfbL g]kfn ;/sf/sf] tkm{af6o; cbfntdf kg{ cfPsf] k'g/fj]bg kq .

o;df kLl8t jflnsf jif{ * sf] gfjfnseGg]df ljjfb ePg . k|ltjfbLn] k|x/L;dIf jofgubf{ s;"/df ;fljt eO{ jofg u/]sf] b]lvG5 .k|x/Lsf] ;fljtLnfO{ hfx]/L bvf{:t, kLl8tgfjflnsfsf] zf/Ll/s k/LIf0f ubf{ tLg hgf8fS6/x¿sf] d]l8sn jf]8{n] :ki6¿kdf kLl8tdflys/0fL u/]sf] eGg] /fo lbPsf] x'Fbf k|ltjfbLsf]k|x/L;dIfsf] jofgnfO{ :jtGq k|df0fn] ;dy{gu/]sf] b]lvPsf]df k|ltjfbLnfO{ ;kmfO{ lbg] u/]sf]k'g/fj]bg cbfnt, lbkfnosf] km};nf km/s kg]{

b]lvFbf 5nkmnsf] lgldQ c=j+= @)@ g+= adf]lhdljkIfL lemsfO{ cfPkl5 jf cjlw gf3]kl5lgodfg';f/ k]z ug'{ eGg] o; cbfnt ;+o'QmOhnf;sf] ldlt @)^#.*.*.^ sf] cfb]z .

lgodadf]lhd k]zL ;"rLdf r9L lg0f{ofy{o; Ohnf;;dIf k]z x'g cfPsf] k|:t't d'2fdfk'g/fj]bs jfbL g]kfn ;/sf/sf tkm{af6 pkl:ytlj4fg pkGofoflwjQmf >L /]jtL/fh lqkf7Ln]k|ltjfbLsf] df}sfsf] sfuhdf cf+km"n] kLl8tnfO{hj/\h:tL s/0fL u/]sf] :jLsf/ u/]sf], kLl8tsf]egfO{cg';f/ g} k|ltjfbL pk/ ls6fgL hfx]/Lk/]sf], kLl8tsf] zf/L/Ls k/LIf0fsf] l/kf]6{af6lghnfO{ s/0fL u/]sf] nIf0f b]lvPsf] eGg] ;d]tsf;a'b k|df0fx¿ ldl;n ;+nUg /x]sf 5g\ . tLk|df0fx¿ cGo s'g} klg lsl;daf6 vl08t x'gcfPsf] gb]lvFbf pk/f]Qm k|df0fx¿sf] ljZn]if0fgu/L ePsf] k'g/fj]bg cbfnt, lbkfonsf] km};nfgldn]sf]n] pN6L u/L cleof]u df+u bfjLadf]lhd;hfo ul/kfpmF eGg] ;d]tsf] ax; lhsL/ k|:t'tug'{eof] .

pk/f]Qm ax; lhsL/ Pj+ ldl;n ;+nUgsfuhftx¿ cWoog ubf{ s s'df/LnfO{ k|ltjfbLjL/axfb'/ 6d6fn] 8/wfs wDsL lbO{ hj/\h:tLs/0fL u/]sf] s'/f kLl8t s s'df/Ln] eg]sLn]k|ltjfbLpk/ sfg"gL sf/jfxL ul/kfpmF egL k/]sf]hfx]/L bvf{:tpk/ cg';Gwfg sfo{cufl8 j9fpb}n}hfFbf kqmfp k/]sf k|ltjfbLn] clwsf/k|fKtclwsf/L;dIfsf] jofgdf cfkm"n] kLl8tnfO{hj/\h:tL s/0fL u/]sf] egL :jLsf/ u/]sf],kLl8tsf] :jf:Yo k/LIf0fsf] k|ltj]bg, kLl8tsf]df}sfsf] sfuh, kLl8tsf] pd]/ tyf j:t'l:yltd'r'Nsfsf dflg;sf] egfO{af6 kLl8t ss'df/LnfO{ hj/\h:tL s/0fL u/]sf] x'Fbf d'n'sLP]g hj/\h:tL s/0fLsf] dxnsf] ! g+= sf] s;"/df;f]xL dxnsf] #,!) g+= adf]lhd ;hfo u/Lk|ltjfbLsf] cfwf c+z kLl8tnfO{ lbnfO{ e/fO{

*!@& *!@& *!@& *!@& *!@& - g]kfn ;/sf/ lj=aL/axfb'/ 6df6f g]kfn ;/sf/ lj=aL/axfb'/ 6df6f g]kfn ;/sf/ lj=aL/axfb'/ 6df6f g]kfn ;/sf/ lj=aL/axfb'/ 6df6f g]kfn ;/sf/ lj=aL/axfb'/ 6df6f

635635635635635


kfpmF eGg] cleof]u kq dfu bfjLpk/ ;'g'jfO{x'+bf z'? s}nfnL lhNnf cbfntn] k|ltjfbLnfO{s;"/bf/ 7x/fO{ 5 jif{ s}b / lghsf] efusf]cfwf c+z kLl8tnfO{ lbnfO{ e/fO{ lbg] 7x/ u/]sf]km};nf pN6L u/L k|ltjfbLnfO{ ;kmfO lbg]7x¥ofPsf] k'g/fj]bg cbfnt, lbkfnosf]km};nfpk/ jfbL g]kfn ;/sf/sf] tkm{af6 kg{cfPsf] k|:t't k'g/fj]bg cfh o; Ohnf;;dIfk]z x'g cfPsf] b]lvof] .

o;df k|ltjfbLnfO{ hj/\h:tL s/0fLsf]cleof]u bfjLaf6 ;kmfO{ lbg] 7x¥ofPsf] k'g/fj]bgcbfntsf] km};nf ldn]sf] 5, 5}g eGg] ljifodf g}lg0f{o lbg'kg]{ b]lvg cfof] .

@= lg0f{otkm{ ljrf/ ubf{ d]/f]elthL gftf kg]{ kLl8t s s'df/LnfO{ ldlt@)%&.^.@ ut] ;fFem *M)) jh] nfnjf]emLsf]h+undf nuL k|ltjfbLn] s/0fL u/]sf] s'/f kLl8tn]eg]af6 yfxf ePsf] x'Fbf sf/jfxL ul/kfpFm egLhfx]/jfnL v s'df/Lsf] ls6fgL hfx]/L k/]sf]b]lvG5 eg] kLl8t s s'df/Ln] u/]sf] ldlt@)%&.^.* sf] sfuhdf klg k|ltjfbLn] cfkm"nfO{hj/\h:tL s/0fL u/]sf] xf] egL hfx]/L Joxf]/fnfO{;dy{g u/L df}sfsf] sfuh ul/lbPsf] cj:yfkfOG5 . o;} qmddf kqmfp k/]sf k|ltjfbLjL/axfb'/ 6d6fn] ldlt @)%&.^.( df u/]sf]jofgsf] ;=h= # df ;d]t hfx]/L tyf kLl8tsf]df}sfsf] sfuhnfO{ ;dy{g u/L cfkm"n] kLl8tnfO{hj/\h:tL s/0fL u/]sf] xf] egL :jLsf/ u/]sf]b]lvG5 . o;} ;Gbe{df ldlt @)%&.^.* sf]36gf:yn d'r'Nsfdf plNnlvt hj/\h:tL s/0fLePsf] elgPsf] 7fpsf] xl/of] 3f+; d+fl8Psf],df6f] vf]l;|Psf] 7fpFdf v'6[fsf] j'9L cf}+nfsf] 5fk/x]sf] eGg] ;d]tsf] Joxf]/f pNn]v x'gfsf] ;fy}lhNnf k|x/L sfof{no s}nfnLn] @)%&.^.( dfr=g+= ($( dfkm{t ;]tL c~rn c:ktfn,wgu9LnfO{ kLl8tsf] zf/Ll/s hfFr u/L lghnfO{

s/0fL u/]sf] nIf0fx¿ 5g\, 5}gg\ eGg] ;d]tsf]ljifodf :ki6 kf/L k|ltj]bg k7fOlbg' x'g egLcg'/f]w u/]sf]df ;f] c:ktfnn] kLl8tnfO{ s/0fLu/]sf] nIf0f b]lvG5 . ;f] s/0fL tLgb]lv ;ftlbgleq u/]sf] b]lvG5 eGg] ;d]tsf] tLg hgf8fS6/x¿sf] k|ltj]bg ldl;n ;fd]n /x]sf] b]lvG5 . o;}u/L k|ltjfbLn] cbfnt;dIfsf] ldlt@)%&.&.! sf] jofgsf] ;=h= # df cfkm"n] kLl8ts s'df/LnfO{ s/0fL u/]sf] xf]Og egL OGsf/ /xLjofg u/]sf] b]lvPtfklg lghn] clwsf/k|fKtclwsf/L;dIf u/]sf] jofg kLl8tsf] df}sfsf]sfuh, hfx]/L bvf{:t, ;]tL c~rn c:ktfnsftLg hgf lrlsT;sx¿sf] k|ltj]bg, 36gf:ynd'r'Nsf h:tf ldl;n ;+nUg :jtGq k|df0fx¿af6k'li6 eO/x]sf], tL k|df0fx¿ cGoyf x'g egLk|ltjfbLn] v08g x'g] u/L k'li6 ug{ g;s]sf];d]tsf cfwf/ k|df0faf6 k|ltjfbLn] !$ jif{ d'lgsLkLl8t jflnsfnfO{ h+undf nuL s/0fL u/]sf]:ki6 ¿kdf b]lvg cfpF5 .

#= t;y,{ plNnlvt k|df0fx¿sf]ljZn]if0faf6 k|ltjfbLn] kLl8t s s'df/LnfO{s/0fL u/]sf] :ki6 x'Fbfx'Fb} k|ltjfbLn] s/0fLu/]sf] tYo z+sf/lxt tj/af6 k'li6 gePsf]egL kmf }hbf/L Gofosf ] z +sfsf ] ; ' ljwfk|ltjfbLn] kfpF5 eGg] l;4fGtsf] unt JofVofPj+ k|of]u u/L k|ltjfbLnfO{ cf/f]lkt s;"/af6;kmfO lbg] 7x/ u/]sf] k'g/fj]bg cbfnt,lbkfonsf] ldlt @)^).(.@@ sf] km};nf q'l6k"0f{b]lvFbf pN6L x'g] 7x5{ . k|ltjfbLnfO{ d'n'sLP]g hj/\h:tL s/0fLsf] dxnsf] ! g+= sf]s;"/df ;f]xL dxnsf] # g+= adf]lhd ^ jif{s}b / !) g+= adf]lhd k|ltjfbLsf] efusf]cfwf c+z kLl8t s s'df/LnfO{ e/fO{ lbg]7x¥ofPsf] s}nfnL lhNnf cbfntsf] ldlt@)%(.!).@ sf] km};nf sfod x'g] 7x5{ . c?dftkl;n adf]lhd ug"{ .

636636636636636

tkl;nk|:t't d'2fdf ljz]if k|s[ltsf d'2fx¿sf]

sf/jfxLdf kIfx¿sf] uf]kgLotf sfod /fVg]sfo{ljlw;DaGwL lgb]{lzsf, @)^$ adf]lhd kLl8t,hfx]/jfnf tyf kLl8tsf] lktfsf] gfd uf]Ko/flvPsf]n] ;f] lgb]{lzsfadf]lhd lghx¿sf] gfduf]Ko /fvL sfg"gadf]lhd ug"{ ===!

dfly pNn]v ePadf]lhd k'g/fj]bgcbfnt, lbkfonsf] km};nf pN6L eO{ s}nfnLlhNnf cbfntsf] k|ltjfbLnfO{ ̂ jif{ s}b / lghsf]cfwf c+z kLl8t s s'df/LnfO{ e/fO{ lbg] km};nfsfod ePsf]n] k'g/fj]bg cbfnt, lbkfonsf]ldlt @)^).(.@@ sf] km};nfsf] tkl;n v08sf]b]xfo @ sfod /xg g;Sg] x'+bf ;f]sf] ;6[f k|ltjfbLaL/axfb'/ 6d6fnfO{ ̂ jif{ s}b x'g] t/ lgh ldlt@)%&.&.^ b]lv k|x/L lx/f;tdf / y'gfdf a;LcfPsf]df k'g/fj]bg cbfnt, lbkfonsf] r=g+=*** ldlt @)^).(.@@ sf] kqfg';f/ @)^).(.@#b]lv y'gfd'Qm eO{ lgh # jif{ @ dlxgf !& lbgsf/fuf/df j;]sf] b]lvFbf jfFsL cjlw @ jif{ (dlxgf !# lbgsf] k|ltjfbL jL/axfb'/ 6d6fsf]gfdsf] s}bsf] nut j]?h' x'+bf ;f] nut sfod/fvL c;"n ug'{ egL s}nfnL lhNnf cbfntdfn]vL k9fO{ lbg" ============ @

kLl8t s s'df/Ln] k|ltjfbL jL/axfb'/6d6fsf] efusf] cfwf c+z hj/\h:tL s/0fLsf]dxnsf] !) g+= adf]lhd j08f 5'6\ofO{ kfpg] 7x/]sfn]sfg"gsf Dofbleq lgh s s'df/Lsf] b/vf:t k/]sfg"gadf]lhd j08f 5'6\ofOlbg nut /fVg' egLs}nfnL lhNnf cbfntdf n]lvk7fO{ lbg" =======#bfo/Lsf] nut s6\6f u/L ldl;n lgodfg';f/u/L j'emfO{ lbg' ========$pQm /fodf d ;xdt 5' .Gof=df]xgk|sfz l;6f}nfOhnf; clws[t M s[i0fk|;fb ;'j]bLOlt ;+jt\ @)^^ ;fn j};fv # ut] /f]h % z'ed\\===

lg0f{o g+= *!@* ;fpg, @)^^

;jf]{Rr cbfnt, ;+o'Qm Ohnf;dfggLo GofofwLz >L an/fd s]=;L=

dfggLo GofofwLz >L bfdf]b/k|;fb zdf{;+jt\ @)%( ;fnsf] l/=g+===@*)%

cfb]z ldltM @)^%.!).^.@laifoM– pTk|]if0f;d]t .

lgj]bsM s[lif ;fdu|L ;+:yfg, k|wfg sfof{no,s 'n ]Zj/sf ] tkm {a f6 ; +:yfgsfdxfk|jGws s[i0frGb| emf

lj?4ljkIfLM !! sf]lno/ Sjfo, !$–)! l;+ufk'/

)$(#!& df sfof{no ePsf] ;'ldt k|sfzPlzof k|f=ln=sf] clws[t k|ltlglwsf=lh=sf=d=g=kf=j8f g+=!! sdnfbLl:ytldlnldnL OG6/k|fOh]hsf] k|f ]k|fO6/lbg]zeQm >]i7 ;d]t

§ LC dfkm{t\ sf/f]jf/ ug'{sf] d"ne"t dfkm{t\ sf/f]jf/ ug'{sf] d"ne"t dfkm{t\ sf/f]jf/ ug'{sf] d"ne"t dfkm{t\ sf/f]jf/ ug'{sf] d"ne"t dfkm{t\ sf/f]jf/ ug'{sf] d"ne"tp2]Zo j}+sdfkm{t\ / j}+ssf dfWodaf6p2]Zo j}+sdfkm{t\ / j}+ssf dfWodaf6p2]Zo j}+sdfkm{t\ / j}+ssf dfWodaf6p2]Zo j}+sdfkm{t\ / j}+ssf dfWodaf6p2]Zo j}+sdfkm{t\ / j}+ssf dfWodaf6sf/f]]jf/ x'g] x'Fbf ljqm]tf jf ;Knfo;{sf/f]]jf/ x'g] x'Fbf ljqm]tf jf ;Knfo;{sf/f]]jf/ x'g] x'Fbf ljqm]tf jf ;Knfo;{sf/f]]jf/ x'g] x'Fbf ljqm]tf jf ;Knfo;{sf/f]]jf/ x'g] x'Fbf ljqm]tf jf ;Knfo;{jf hf];'s} xf];\ cfkm\gf] dfnsf] cfk"lt{jf hf];'s} xf];\ cfkm\gf] dfnsf] cfk"lt{jf hf];'s} xf];\ cfkm\gf] dfnsf] cfk"lt{jf hf];'s} xf];\ cfkm\gf] dfnsf] cfk"lt{jf hf];'s} xf];\ cfkm\gf] dfnsf] cfk"lt{ul/;s]kl5 To;sf ] e 'QmfgLul/;s]kl5 To;sf ] e 'QmfgLul/;s]kl5 To;sf ] e 'QmfgLul/;s]kl5 To;sf ] e 'QmfgLul/;s]kl5 To;sf ] e 'QmfgLlglZrt¿kdf k|fKt x'G5 / e'QmfgLlglZrt¿kdf k|fKt x'G5 / e'QmfgLlglZrt¿kdf k|fKt x'G5 / e'QmfgLlglZrt¿kdf k|fKt x'G5 / e'QmfgLlglZrt¿kdf k|fKt x'G5 / e'QmfgL8'Ab}g eGg] x'g] .8'Ab}g eGg] x'g] .8'Ab}g eGg] x'g] .8'Ab}g eGg] x'g] .8'Ab}g eGg] x'g] .

-k|s/0f g+=^_§ dWo:yn] s/f/Lo ljjfbdf, ljjfbsfdWo:yn] s/f/Lo ljjfbdf, ljjfbsfdWo:yn] s/f/Lo ljjfbdf, ljjfbsfdWo:yn] s/f/Lo ljjfbdf, ljjfbsfdWo:yn] s/f/Lo ljjfbdf, ljjfbsf

kIfx¿n] u/]sf] ;Demf}tfsf] zt{ /kIfx¿n] u/]sf] ;Demf}tfsf] zt{ /kIfx¿n] u/]sf] ;Demf}tfsf] zt{ /kIfx¿n] u/]sf] ;Demf}tfsf] zt{ /kIfx¿n] u/]sf] ;Demf}tfsf] zt{ /Joj:yfeGbf jflx/ uP/ Joj:yfeGbf jflx/ uP/ Joj:yfeGbf jflx/ uP/ Joj:yfeGbf jflx/ uP/ Joj:yfeGbf jflx/ uP/ Award lbg lbg lbg lbg lbgg;Sg] .g;Sg] .g;Sg] .g;Sg] .g;Sg] .

§ dWo:ynfO{ s'g} :jljj]sLo clwsf/dWo:ynfO{ s'g} :jljj]sLo clwsf/dWo:ynfO{ s'g} :jljj]sLo clwsf/dWo:ynfO{ s'g} :jljj]sLo clwsf/dWo:ynfO{ s'g} :jljj]sLo clwsf/x'Fb}g . dWo:ysf] clwsf/ ;Demf}tfdfx'Fb}g . dWo:ysf] clwsf/ ;Demf}tfdfx'Fb}g . dWo:ysf] clwsf/ ;Demf}tfdfx'Fb}g . dWo:ysf] clwsf/ ;Demf}tfdfx'Fb}g . dWo:ysf] clwsf/ ;Demf}tfdf;Lldt /xG5 . olb dWo:yn ];L ldt /xG5 . olb dWo:yn ];L ldt /xG5 . olb dWo:yn ];L ldt /xG5 . olb dWo:yn ];L ldt /xG5 . olb dWo:yn ];Demf }tfsf ] zt { /;Demf }tfsf ] zt { /;Demf }tfsf ] zt { /;Demf }tfsf ] zt { /;Demf }tfsf ] zt { / Joj:yfeGbfJoj:yfeGbfJoj:yfeGbfJoj:yfeGbfJoj:yfeGbf

*!@* *!@* *!@* *!@* *!@* - s[i0frGb| emf lj=lbg]zeQm >]i7 ;d]t s[i0frGb| emf lj=lbg]zeQm >]i7 ;d]t s[i0frGb| emf lj=lbg]zeQm >]i7 ;d]t s[i0frGb| emf lj=lbg]zeQm >]i7 ;d]t s[i0frGb| emf lj=lbg]zeQm >]i7 ;d]t

637637637637637


aflx/ uO{ aflx/ uO{ aflx/ uO{ aflx/ uO{ aflx/ uO{ Award lbG5 eg] To:tf] lbG5 eg] To:tf] lbG5 eg] To:tf] lbG5 eg] To:tf] lbG5 eg] To:tf]dWo:yn] dWo:yn] dWo:yn] dWo:yn] dWo:yn] Excess of Jurisdiction

u/]sf] dflgg] .u/]sf] dflgg] .u/]sf] dflgg] .u/]sf] dflgg] .u/]sf] dflgg] .-k|s/0f g+=!)_

§ dWo:ysf] dWo:ysf] dWo:ysf] dWo:ysf] dWo:ysf] Award pk/ c;fwf/0f pk/ c;fwf/0f pk/ c;fwf/0f pk/ c;fwf/0f pk/ c;fwf/0fclwsf/cGtu{t ;'g'jfO ubf{ tYoleqclwsf/cGtu{t ;'g'jfO ubf{ tYoleqclwsf/cGtu{t ;'g'jfO ubf{ tYoleqclwsf/cGtu{t ;'g'jfO ubf{ tYoleqclwsf/cGtu{t ;'g'jfO ubf{ tYoleqk|j]z ug]{ / k|df0f j'em\g] sfd ug{k|j]z ug]{ / k|df0f j'em\g] sfd ug{k|j]z ug]{ / k|df0f j'em\g] sfd ug{k|j]z ug]{ / k|df0f j'em\g] sfd ug{k|j]z ug]{ / k|df0f j'em\g] sfd ug{gx 'g ] l/6 lgj ]bg;DaGwL dfGogx 'g ] l/6 lgj ]bg;DaGwL dfGogx 'g ] l/6 lgj ]bg;DaGwL dfGogx 'g ] l/6 lgj ]bg;DaGwL dfGogx 'g ] l/6 lgj ]bg;DaGwL dfGol;4fGtdfq xf]Og s/f/Lo ljjfbdfl;4fGtdfq xf]Og s/f/Lo ljjfbdfl;4fGtdfq xf]Og s/f/Lo ljjfbdfl;4fGtdfq xf]Og s/f/Lo ljjfbdfl;4fGtdfq xf]Og s/f/Lo ljjfbdfwf/f **-@_ sf] c;fwf/0f clwsf/wf/f **-@_ sf] c;fwf/0f clwsf/wf/f **-@_ sf] c;fwf/0f clwsf/wf/f **-@_ sf] c;fwf/0f clwsf/wf/f **-@_ sf] c;fwf/0f clwsf/If]qcGtu{tsf] If]qcGtu{tsf] If]qcGtu{tsf] If]qcGtu{tsf] If]qcGtu{tsf] Public Law sf] pkrf/ sf] pkrf/ sf] pkrf/ sf] pkrf/ sf] pkrf/k|fKt x'g g;Sg] / k|fKt x'g g;Sg] / k|fKt x'g g;Sg] / k|fKt x'g g;Sg] / k|fKt x'g g;Sg] / Private Law sf]sf]sf]sf]sf]pkrf/dfq k | f Kt x 'g;Sg ] dfGopkrf/dfq k | f Kt x 'g;Sg ] dfGopkrf/dfq k | f Kt x 'g;Sg ] dfGopkrf/dfq k | f Kt x 'g;Sg ] dfGopkrf/dfq k | f Kt x 'g;Sg ] dfGol;4fGt, l;4fGt, l;4fGt, l;4fGt, l;4fGt, Usage / / / / / practice ;d]t ;d]t ;d]t ;d]t ;d]tljk/Lt x'g;Sg] ePsf]n] ;f] ;DaGwdfljk/Lt x'g;Sg] ePsf]n] ;f] ;DaGwdfljk/Lt x'g;Sg] ePsf]n] ;f] ;DaGwdfljk/Lt x'g;Sg] ePsf]n] ;f] ;DaGwdfljk/Lt x'g;Sg] ePsf]n] ;f] ;DaGwdfdWo:ysf ] dWo:ysf ] dWo:ysf ] dWo:ysf ] dWo:ysf ] Award pk/ cGo pk/ cGo pk/ cGo pk/ cGo pk/ cGoljsNksf] Joj:yf ubf{ dWo:ysf]ljsNksf] Joj:yf ubf{ dWo:ysf]ljsNksf] Joj:yf ubf{ dWo:ysf]ljsNksf] Joj:yf ubf{ dWo:ysf]ljsNksf] Joj:yf ubf{ dWo:ysf]sf/jfxL l56f] 5l/tf], ;'ne / dfGosf/jfxL l56f] 5l/tf], ;'ne / dfGosf/jfxL l56f] 5l/tf], ;'ne / dfGosf/jfxL l56f] 5l/tf], ;'ne / dfGosf/jfxL l56f] 5l/tf], ;'ne / dfGol;4fGt cg's"n x'g;Sg] .l;4fGt cg's"n x'g;Sg] .l;4fGt cg's"n x'g;Sg] .l;4fGt cg's"n x'g;Sg] .l;4fGt cg's"n x'g;Sg] .

-k|s/0f g+=@)_

lgj]bs tkm{af6M ljåfg jl/i7 clwjQmf >Le/t/fh pk|]tL / ljåfg clwjQmfx¿>L ltnsljqmd kf08], >L zDe' yfkf />L O{Zj/LrGb| zdf{

ljkIfL tkm{af6McjnlDjt ghL/M ;+jt\ @)^) ;fnsf] b]=k'=g+=

*^(@, /fs]zs'df/ lj=/fds[i0f /fjn;Da4 sfg"gM§ dWo:ytf P]g, @)#* sf] bkmf @!§ cf}Bf]lus Joj;fo P]g, @)$(§ ljb]zL nufgL tyf k|ljlw x:tfGt/0f P]g,

@)$(§ g]kfn k]6«f]lnog P]g, @)$!§ dWo:y P]g, @)%% sf] bkmf #)§ Gofo k|zf;g P]g, @)$* sf] bkmf !!

cfb]zGof=an/fd s]=;LGof=an/fd s]=;LGof=an/fd s]=;LGof=an/fd s]=;LGof=an/fd s]=;L= g]kfnsf] cGtl/d

;+ljwfg,@)^# sf] wf/f #@ / !)& adf]lhd bfo/x'gcfPsf] k|:t't d'2fsf] ;+lIfKt tYo Pj+ 7x/o; k|sf/ 5 M

lgj]bs s[lif ;fdu|L ;+:yfg / ljkIfL;'ldt k|sfz Plzof -Summit Prakasa Asia

Pte.Ltd._ sf aLrdf ldlt $ cui6, !((% df!),))) d] 6g o'l/of dn cfk"lt{ ug]{ ;DaGwdfs]=lk=!*% sf] sG6«fS6 eO{ b'j} kIfsf] ;f] ;DaGwLs/f/gfdfdf ;xL ePsf] lyof] . ljkIfL;Fu ePsf]s/f/sf] s'g} bkmfdf klg Pn=;L sxf+ vf]Ng] /js]{jn Pn=;L s] xf], Pn=;L, cfk"lt{stf{n] d~h"/Lu/]adf]lhd x'g'kg]{ sxLF st} pNn]v 5}g .s/f/adf]lhd ;+:yfgn] Irrevocable L/C vf]nL;s]sf]df ;f] Pn=;L=adf]lhd sfd ug{ lsgg;s]sf] xf] < ;f] s'/f bfjLstf{n] v'nfpg ;s]sf]b]lvFb}g . !^ h'nfO{ !((% sf] ckm/df klg sxL/fjf a}+sd} Pn=;L= Confirm x'g] zt{ 5}g . s/f/;DkGg ubf{ l;+ufk'/ Rabo Bank d} Confirmation

ug'{kg]{ s'g} zt{ 5}g . Fully Workable L/C vf]nLglbPsf] sf/0fn] bfjLstf{n] dfn cfk"lt{ ug{g;s]sf] / ;+:yfgn] g} s/f/ e+u u/]sf] egLljkIfL bfjLstf{ dWo:y;dIf uPsf]df dWo:y6«fOj'gnsf]] jx'dtn] bfjLdWo] Ifltk"lt{afkto'=P;=8n/ !,@%,($%=)) e/fO { lbg] /Performance Bond sf] ¿kdf /fv]sf] a}+s Uof/]06L/sd o'=P;=8n/ !,@%,($%=)) hkmt gug]{cfb]z u/L cGo bfjL o'lQm;+ut gePsf] 7x/u¥of] . s/f/adf]lhd vf]lnPsf] Pn=;L= js]{jngePsf] jf x'g g;s]sf] s'g} k|df0f jf tYo g}gcfPsf]df s/f/adf]lhd Pn=;L= /f=jf j}+sdfvf]lnPdf dfq js]{jn x'g] ljkIfLsf] egfOnfO{:jLsf/ u/L bfjLcg';f/sf] Ifltk"lt{ ljkIfLnfO{e/fpg]} k5{ eGg] clek|foaf6 clek|]l/t 5 .

638638638638638

ljkIfL;Fu ;DkGg ePsf] s/f/cg';f/ Irrevocable

at sight L/C vf]Ng] lgjbssf] bfloTj /x]sf];Demf}tfsf zt{x¿ cg';f/ l;+ufk'/s} j}+sdfIrrevocable at sight L/C vf]lnPsf] / s/f/sf]zt{adf]lhdsf] Pn=;L=nfO{ charge a'emfO{confirmation ug'{kg]{ bfloTj ljkIfLsf] lyof] .l;+ufk'/sf] /fjf] a}+sd}} vf]n]dfdfq js]{jn x'g],l;+ufk'/sf] c? j}+sdf vf]n]df js]{jn lsg gx'g]< o;sf] ljj]rgf dWo:y 6«fOj'gnn] u/]sf] 5}g .dWo:y 6«fOj'gnsf] lg0f{o ljkIfL g+= ! sf] k|efjdfk/L ePsf]n] ab/ ul/kfpFm egL ljkIfL k'g/fj]bgcbfnt;dIf lgj]bg lnO{ hfFbf;d]t lgj]bg bfjLk'Ug g;Sg] lg0f{o ToxfFaf6 ePsf] 5 . k'g/fj]bgcbfntdf ;+:yfgn] dWo:y P]g, @)#* sf] bkmf@!-@_ cGtu{t dWo:ysf] lg0f{o kIfkftk"0f{ Pj+sn'lift ePsf]n] ab/ u/fpg dfu u/]sf] ;f]cbfntn] pQm P]gsf] bkmf (-!_-s_-v_-u_ sf]JofVof ug]{ qmddf c;fGble{s bkmf pNn]v u/Lq'l6k"0f{ lg0f{o u/]sf] 5 . bkmf (-!_ dWo:yn]lg0f{o ug'{ cufj}sf] cj:yfsf] lgldQ / bkmf @!-!_ dWo:yn] cfkm\gf] lg0f{o lbO;s]kl5sf]cj:yfnfO{ ;f] ab/ ug{ kfpg] sfg"gL k|fjwfgx¿x'g\ . dWo:yx¿n] ;a't k|df0flagf s/f/ P]g,@)@# sf] bkmf !%-@_ df ck|ToIf jf sfNklgsxflg gf]S;fgL e/fOg] 5}g eGg] Joj:yfsf] ljk/Lt7]Ssf d"Nosf] % k|ltztn] x'g] gf ]S;fgLsfNklgs¿kdf e/fO{ lbPsf 5g\ . bfjLstf{n]Romania sf] pTkfbs Amonil S.A ;Fu dn lnO{lgj]bsnfO{ cfk"lt{ ug'{ eg]sf], t/ /f]dflgofsf]Pdf]lgn;Fu ljkIfLsf] s'g} s/f/ ePsf] gb]lvPsf]cfwf/df ljkIfLnfO{ gf]S;fgL g} gePsf] :jtMl;45 . 6«fOj'gnsf] kIfkftk"0f{ lg0f{onfO{ ;b/ u/]sf]k'g/fj]bg cbfntsf] lg0f{oaf6 lgj]bssf];fDklQs clwsf/sf ;fy} ;+ljwfgsf] wf/f !!-!_,!@-@_-ª_ åf/f k|Tofe"t df}lns xs tyf s/f/P]g, @)@# sf] bkmf !% -@_ / dWo:ytf P]g,

@)#* sf] bkmf ( / @!-@_ sf] sfg"gL xs s'l07tx'g uPsf ] / pQm lg0f {o Gofosf dfGol;4fGt;d]tsf ] ljk/Lt ePsf ]n ] dWo:y6«fOj'gnsf] ldlt @)%$.&.!# sf] lg0f{o /k'g/fj]bg cbfnt, kf6gsf] ldlt @)%%.*.@ sf]km};nf ;+ljwfgsf] wf/f **-@_ adf]lhd pTk|]if0fsf]cfb]zåf/f ab/ u/L o:tf] u}/sfg"gL lg0f{osfof{Gjog gug'{ eGg] k/dfb]zsf] cfb]z hf/Lul/kfpFm eGg];d]t Joxf]/fsf] lgj]bg kq .

o;df l/6 lgj]bstkm{af6 ljkIfLx¿;FuePsf] s/f/ ;Demf}tf / ;f];+u ;DalGwtsfuhftsf k|ltlnlkx¿ lgj]bs ;+:yfgaf6lemsfO{ k]z ug'{ . ;fy} ljkIfL jgfOPsf ;'ldtk|sfz Plzof k|f=ln=sf] clws[t k|ltlglw ldlnldlnOG6/k|fOh]hsf k|f]=lbg]zeQm >]i7n] sf/0f b]vfpcfb]zsf nflu x'g] k|f/lDes ;'g'jfOdf g} sfg"gJoj;foLdfkm{t\ ax; -OG6/leg_ ug{ kfpmF egLlgj]bg k]z u/]sf] / k|:t't ljjfbsf] ljifodf o;cbfntnfO{ cfjZos ;xof]u k|fKt x'g] g}b]lvPsf]n] x:tIf]kstf{ lbg]zeQm >]i7nfO{ lghsf]dfuadf]lhd sfg"g Joj;foLdfkm{t\ ax; k|:t'tug{sf nflu sfg"g Joj;foL lgo'Qm ug{ cg'dltk|bfg ul/Psf] 5 . o;} nufpsf] l/6 g+= #^&#;d]t ;fy} /fvL lgodfg';f/ k]z ug'{ eGg];d]tJoxf]/fsf] o; cbfntaf6 ePsf] cfb]z .

o;df ljkIfLx¿af6 lnlvthjfkm dufO{cfPkl5 jf cjlw gf3]kl5 lgodfg';f/ u/L k]zug'{ eGg];d]t Joxf]/fsf] o; cbfntsf] ldlt@)%^.#.$sf] cfb]z .

lgj]bsn] cfwf/ lnPsf] dWo:ytf P]g,@)#* sf] bkmf ( df dWo:ynfO{ x6fpg lgj]bglbg] / dWo:ynfO{ x6fpg ;lsg] Joj:yf 5 .lgj]bsn] s'g} dWo:ynfO{ x6fO{ kfpmF eGg] lgj]bgglbPsf]n] lghsf] lhsL/ g} ck|f;+lus 5 .dWo:ysf] lg0f{o ab/ ug{ k'g/fj]bg cbfnt,kf6gdf lgj]bg k/L ;f] cbfntaf6 dWo:ysf]


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lg0f{o ;b/ eO;s]sf] 5 . ;+ljwfgsf] wf/f **-@_ df s;}sf] s'g} sfg"gåf/f k|bQ xs xgg\ePsf] 5 / To;sf] s'g} sfg"gL pkrf/ gePdfjf ePsf] sfg"gL pkrf/ ckof{Kt jf k|efjxLgePdf dfq To:tf] sfg"gL xs k|rngsf] nfluk/dfb ]z hf/L x 'g;Sg ] :ki6 5 . t/,lgj]bs;d]tsf] d~h"/Laf6 dWo:ytf P]gcGtu{t6«fOj'gn u7g e} ;f]af6 ePsf] lg0f{o / ;f]pk/k'g/fj]bg txaf6 ePsf] km};nfaf6 k|bfg u/]sf]pkrf/ ckof{Kt jf k|efjxLg egL ;+1f lbgsfg"gn] ldNb}g . dWo:y 6«fOj'gnn] lg0f{o lbO{tf]lsPsf] sfd k"/f ul/;s]sf]n] ;f] dWo:y6«fOj'gn g} lj36g e};s]sf] x'Fbf ;f] 6«fOj'gnsf]tkm{af6 lnlvthjfkm k7fpg ;Sg] cj:yf g/x]sf]x'+bf l/6 lgj]bg vf/]h ul/kfpFm eGg];d]t Joxf]/fsf]d ' Vo dWo:y jf; 'b ]j zdf { / dWo:ylx/0oZj/dfg k|wfgsf] ;+o'Qm lnlvt hjfkm .

dWo:yaf6 ePsf ] lg0f {o lgj]bs;+:yfgaf6 sfof{Gjog gePsf]n] To;sf] nfluo; cbfntdf lgj]bg btf{ ePsf] xf] . l/6 lgj]bgdfubfjLadf]lhdsf] cfb]z hf/L x'g'kg]{ xf]OgeGg];d]t Joxf]/fsf] sf7df8f}+ lhNnf cbfntsf]lnlvthjfkm .

k|:t't ljifo ;+ljwfgåf/f k|bQ df}lnsxs jf cGo s'g} sfg"gL xssf] k|rng;DaGwLgeO{ s/f/;DaGwL ePsf]n] o:tf] ljjfbdf l/6If]qcfslif{t x'Fb}g . dWo:ysf] lg0f{o ;b/ u/]sf] pk/bf]xf]¥ofO{ kfpmF egL lgj]bg gu/L l/6 lbOPsf]5 . ;+ljwfgsf] wf/f **-@_ sf] clwsf/k'g/fj]bsLo clwsf/;/x Jofks xf ]Og .dWo:ytf P]g, @)#* sf] bkmf @!-@_ adf]lhdsf/jfxL u/L lg0f{o ePsf] Ps jif{kl5 k|:t't l/6lgj]bg k/]sfn] cg'lrt ljnDj;d]t ePsf] 5 .s/f/ d"Nosf] kfFr k|ltzt e/fpg] 7x/fPsf]lg0f{o cg'dflgt, ck|ToIf jf sfNklgs geO{Gofof]lrt 5 . ;Knfo/sf] e/f];fsf nflu Pn=;L=

O/]ef]s]jn / sGkmd{8 x'g'kg]{ ePsf]n] ;Knfo/sf]d~h"/Ladf]lhd x'g'kg]{ :ki6 5 . dWo:ytf P]gsf]bkmf !*,@!,@@ / @# adf]lhd x'g] s'/fdf ;f]ljk/Lt k/dfb]z hf/L x'g;Sg] xf]Og . t;y{ l/6lgj]bg vf/]h ul/kfpFm eGg];d]t Joxf]/fsf]l;+ufk'/df sfof{no ePsf] ;'ldt k|sfz Plzofk|f=ln=sf] clws[t k|ltlglw lbg]zeQm >]i7sf]lnlvt hjfkm .

;+Demf}tfadf]lhdsf] sfd ;DkGg x'gWorkable LC x'g'kb{5 eGg] Offer / Contract n]pNn]v u/]sf] / cfk"lt{stf{n] vf]lnPsf] Pn=;L=js]{jn ePg, ;+zf]wg ul/kfpFm egL k6s–k6scg'/f]w u/]kl5 ;f]cg'¿k gePsf] l:yltdf js]{jn/x]5 egL lgisif{df k'Ug' Gofo;+ut xF'b}g .ldl;ndf /x]sf] lgj]bs s[lif ;fdu|L ;+:yfgn]ljkIfL cfk"lt{stf{nfO{ n]v]sf] ( h'nfO{ !((% sf]kqsf] Joxf]/faf6} ;+:yfgsf] uNtLaf6 Pn=;L=l;+ufk'/ a}+sdfkm{t\ sGkmd{ x'g uPsf] / !@ cu:t!((% ;Dddf /fjf] j}+s dfkm{t\ Confirm u/L;+zf]wg ul/lbPsf] eGg] k|i6 Joxf]/f pNn]v ePaf6l;+ufk'/ j}+sdfkm{t\ sGkmd{ ul/Psf] Pn=;L= js]{jn/x]g5 eGg] b]lvO{ tf]lsPsf] ldlt;Dddf lgj]bsn]Pn=;L= ;+zf]wg gu/L lbPsf] sf/0faf6 ;Demf}tfsfof{Gjog x'g g;s]sf] jf dn cfk"lt{ x'g g;s]sf]eGg] b]lvg cfPsf] 5 . s'g} dWo:ysf] cg'lrtcfr/0f e} s'g} kIfk|lt em'sfp /fv]df lhNnfcbfntdf lgj]bg lbO{ dWo:y x6fpg ;Sg] sfg"gLJoj:yf 5 . ljkIfLsf] ulNtaf6 s/f/ e+u e}sfd x'g g;Sbf Uof/]G6Lafkt /fv]sf] kfFr k|ltzt/sd;Dd hkmt x'g] cj:yfnfO{ d"NofÍg u/LIfltk"lt{ kfpg] u/]sf] lg0f{o Gofo;+ut 5 . o;cbfntaf6 ePsf] km};fnf sfg"gadf]lhd ePsf]n]l/6 lgj]bg vf/]h ul/kfpFm eGg];d]t Joxf]/fsf]k'g/fj]bg cbfnt, kf6gsf] lnlvthjfkm .

o;df lgj]bs j[h nfOg skf]{/]zgsf]tkm{af6 cd/zD;]/ /f0ff lj?4 k'g/fj]bg cbfnt,

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kf6g / s[lif ;fdu|L ;+:yfg;d]t ePsf] @)%^;fnsf] l/6 g+= ##)@ sf] pTk|]if0f;DaGwL lgj]bgdfePsf] lg0f{osf] k|ltlnlk ;fy} /fvL k]z ug'{ eGg];d]t Joxf]/fsf] o; cbfntsf] ldlt @)%*.$.!^sf] cfb]z .

o;df jfudtL hnfwf/ cfof]hgf lj?4g]kfn dWo:ytf kl/ifbsf] ;lrjfno;d]t ePsf]b]=k'=g+= $^%! sf] dWo:ysf] PskIfLo lg0f{o ab/ul/kfpFm eGg] d'2fdf o; cbfntsf] ;+o'QmOhnf;af6 @)%*.^.%.^ df k'g/fj]bg gnfUg]egL vf/]h ePsf] eGg] x'Fbf ;f] d'2fsf] km};nfsf]k|ltlnlk ;+nUg u/L l/6 g+= #^&# ;fy} /fvLlgodfg';f/ k]z ug'{ eGg];d]t Joxf]/fsf] o;cbfntsf]] ldlt @)%*.^.!^ sf] cfb]z .

dWo:ysf] lg0f{opk/ k/]sf] lgj]bgdfk'g/fj]bg cbfntn] k'g/fj]bg jf z'? d'2fsf]¿kdf ;'gjfO u/L lg0f{o ug]{ geO{ dWo:yaf6dWo:ytf P]g, @)#* sf] bkmf @!-@_ sf] -s_ b]lv-5_ ;Dddf jl0f{t ljz'4 sfg"gL cfwf/ ljBdfg/x] ePsf] b]v]df dWo:ysf] To:tf] lg0f{o ab/u/L k'gM lg0f{osf] nflu k7fpg ;Sg] ljz]if Joj:yfu/]sf] kfOG5 . dWo:ysf] To:tf] lg0f{odf sfg"gLq'l6 ljBdfg eP gePsf] ljifodf x]bf{ sfg"gLq'l6k"0f{ ePsf] b]lvPdf To;pk/ cGo pkrf/sf]Joj:yf gePsf] cj:yfdf g]kfn clw/fHosf];+ljwfg, @)$& sf] wf/f **-@_ cGtu{tpTk|]if0fnufotsf pkrf/ pknJw x'g] g} b]lvgcfpF5 . k'g/fj]bg cbfntn] dWo:ysf] lg0f{opk/dWo:ytf P]g, @)#* sf] bkmf @!-!_ cGtu{tph"/L ;'gL P]= @!-@_,-#_ cGtu{t u/]sf] lg0f{opk/Gofo k|zf;g P]g, @)$* sf] bkmf !@ adf]lhdbf]xf]¥ofO{ x]l/lbg] lg:;f k|bfg ePsf] cfb]z;Fuc;xdt hgfO{ k'g/fj]bsLo If]qflwsf/leq o:tf]ljifo gk/]sf] eGg] 7x/fO{ @)%$ ;fnsf] b]=k'=g+=$^%! sf] lgj]bs k'=j]= jfudtL hnfwf/ cfof]hgflj?4 dWo:ysf] sfof{no;d]t ePsf] d'2fdf ldlt

@)%*.^.% df o; cbfntaf6 l;4fGt k|ltkfbgeO/x]sf] / pQm d'2fsf] ljjfb / k|:t't d'2fsf]ljjfb;d]t Ps} k|s[ltsf] b]lvg cfPsfn] k|:t'tljjfb k'g/fj]bsLo If]qflwsf/af6 geO{ l/6txaf6 x]g{'kg]{ 7x5{ . l/6} nfUg g;Sg] eGg] dfggLoGofofwLz >L lbnLks'df/ kf}8]nsf] /fo;Fu ;xdtgePsf]n] cGo k|Zgdf ljrf/ ul//xg k/]g k|:t'td'2f lg0f{ofy{ k"0f{ Ohnf;df k]z ug'{ eGg];d]tJoxf]/fsf] dfggLo GofofwLz >L nId0fk|;fbcof{nsf] /fo .

dWo:yn] u/]sf ] lg0f {o k'g/fj]bgcbfntaf6 ;d]t ;b/ eO{ k'g/fj]bg cbfntsf]lg0f{opk/ ;jf]{Rr cbfntdf bf]xf]¥ofO{ kfpmF+ eGg]lgj]bg nfUg;Sg] u/L g]kfn /fi6« a}+s lj?4ljho sG:6«S;g sDkgL -g]sfk @)%@ k[= (*@_sf] dWo:ytf d'2fdf o; cbfntsf] ;+o'QmOhnf;af6 Gofo k|zf;g P]g, @)$* sf] bkmf!@-!_ cg';f/ d'2f bf]xf]¥ofO{ x]l/lbg] lg:;f e}lg0f{o ePsf] kfOG5 . o;}u/L j}slNks pkrf/sf]dfu{ pknJw x'Fbfx'Fb} ;f] dfu{ cjnDjg gu/Lc;fwf/0f If]qflwsf/cGtu{t l/6 nfUg g;Sg]egL l/6 lgj]bg vf/]h x'g] u/L ;+jt\ @)%^;fnsf] l/6 g+= ##)@ sf] lgj]bs lb lj|hnfOgskf]{/]zgsf] tkm{af6 clwsf/k|fKt cd/zd;]/h=j=/f= ljkIfL k'g/fj]bg cbfnt,kf6g;d]tePsf] pTk| ]if0f d'2fdf o; cbfnt ;+o'QmOhnf;af6 @)%*.$.!^ df l;4fGt k|ltkfbgePsf] ;d]t b]lvG5 . t;y{ dWo:ytf P]g, @)#*sf] bkmf @!-!_ adf]lhd k/]sf] lgj]bgaf6k'g/fj]bg cbfntsf]] lg0f{opk/ Gofo k|zf;gP]g, @)$* adf]lhd k'g/fj]bg jf bf]xf]¥ofO{ kfpmFeGg] lgj]bg lbg] j}slNks pkrf/sf] af6f] 5Fbf5Fb}l/6 If]qaf6 cfPsf]n] k|:t't l/6 lgj]bg vf/]hx'g] 7x5{ . k|f/lDes k|Zgdf g} /foafemL ePsf]n]lg0f{ofy{ k"0f{ Ohnf;df k]z ug'{ eGg];d]t Joxf]/fsf]dfggLo GofofwLz >L lbnLks'df/ kf}8]nsf]


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/fo;lxt ;+o'Qm Ohnf;sf] ldlt @)%(.!.# sf]cfb]z .

o; cbfnt ;+o'Qm Ohnf;af6 dWo:ysf]lg0f{opk/sf] lgj]bgdf dWo:ysf] lg0f{o ;b/u/L k'g/fj]bg cbfntaf6 ePsf] km};nfpk/dfo; cbfntaf6 d'2f bf]xf]¥ofpg] lg:;f k|bfg eO{k'g/fj]bgsf] txaf6 x]/L ldlt @)%@.*.!! dfkm};nf eP;d]tsf] ?lnª dWo:ytf P]g, @)#*df ul/Psf] sfg"gL k|fjwfg / cGt/f{li6«o k|rngsfdfGo Goflos l;4fGtcg';f/ ldn]sf] gb]lvPsf]n]plNnlvt ?lnª;Fu ;xdt x'g ;lsPg . dWo:ytfP]g, @)#* sf] bkmf !( adf]lhd dWo:yn] u/]sf]lg0f{o ab/ ul/kfpFm egL ;f] P]gsf] bkmf @!cg';f/ k/]sf] lgj]bgdf k'g/fj]bg cbfntaf6ePsf] lg0f{opk/ cGo j}slNks pkrf/sf]cefjdf o; cbfntsf] c;fwf/0f clwsf/If]qcGtu{t l/6 lgj]bg nfUg;Sg] b]lvPsf]n] ;f]xb;Dd dfggLo GofofwLz >L nId0fk|;fbcof{nsf] /fo dgfl;j 5 . t;y{ l/6 lgj]bgsf]ljifoj:t' -Merit_ leq k|j]z u/L lg0f{o ug{ k"0f{Ohnf;sf] nut s§f u/L k|:t't l/6 lgj]bg;+o'Qm Ohnf;df lgodfg';f/ u/L k]z ug'{ eGg]o; cbfntsf] ldlt @)%(.%.!# sf] k"0f{ Ohnf;sf]cfb]z . k|:t"t l/6 lgj]bgdf b'j} tkm{ af6 ax;gf]6 k|fKt eO{ ldl;n ;+nUg /x]sf] .

lgodfg';f/ Ohnf;;dIf k]z x'gcfPsf]k|:t't lgj]bgdf l/6 lgj]bssf tkm{af6 lj4fgjl/i7 clwjQmf e/t/fh pk|]tL / clwjQmfltnsljqmd kf08]n] / ljkIfL ;'ldt k|sfz Pl;ofk|f=ln sf tkm{af6 lj4fg clwjQmf zDe' yfkf /O{Zj/LrGb| zdf{n] ax; k|:t't ug'{eof] . b'j}tkm{af6 k]z ePsf] ax; gf]6 / l/6 lgj]bgsf]cWoog u/L l/6 lgj]bg dfuadf]lhd sf] cfb]zhf/L ug'{kg]{ xf] xf]Og lg0f{o lbg'kg]{ b]lvof] .

o;df lgj]bssf] d'Vo dfu lgj]bs;+:yfg tTsfnLg s[lif ;fdu|L ;+:yfg / ljkIfL

;'ldt k|sf; Pl;of k|f=ln=-Summit Prakasa Asia

Pte.Ltd._ aLr $ cui6 !((% df ;Demf}tfePsf] / pQm ;Demf}tfadf]lhd lgj]bs ;+:yfgnfO{ljkIfL ;'ldt k|sf; Pl;of k|f=ln=n] o'l/of dncfk"lt{ gu/]sf] sf/0f pTkGg ljjfbdf dWo:y6«fOj'gnn] ljkIfL k|f=nL=sf] kIfdf lbPsf] Award

pTk|]if0fsf] cfb]zåf/f ab/ ul/kfpFm eGg] g} b]lvof] .lgj]bg, dWo:yn] lbPsf] Award /

dWo:y;DaGwL sfuhft ;+nUg kmfon x]bf{lgj]bs ;+:yfg / ljkIfL k|f=ln=aLr !)))) d]l6«s6g dn lgj]bs ;+:yfgnfO{ ljkIfL k|f=ln=n] cfk"lt{ug{ ] u/L ;Demf}tf ePsf]df ljjfb ePg .;Demf}tfcg';f/ ljkIfL k|f=ln=n] dn cfk"lt{ gu/]sf]sf/0f ljjfb pTkGg x'Fbf ;+Demf}tfdf Joj:yfePadf]lhd ljjfb ;dfwfg ug{ # ;b:oLo dWo:y6«fOj'gn u7g ePsf] b]lvG5 . dWo:ysf] Award

x]bf{ dWo:ysf] Award df dWo:yx¿aLr Psdtsfod x'g g;sL Split Decision eO{ jx'dtsf]/fosf] cfwf/df Award ePsf] /x]5 . ax'dtsf]/fon]–

-s_ bfjLstf{ ljkIfL k|f=ln=n] s[lif ;fdu|L;+:yfgaf6 Ifltk"lt{afkt o'=o;=8n/!@%($%=)) e/fO{ lng kfpg] .

-v_ lgj]bs s[lif ;fdu|L ;+:yfgn] cfkm\gf]bfloTj k"/f gu/L s/f/ e+u u/]sf]n]bfjLstf{n] Performance Bond afkt/fv]sf] o'=o;=8n/ !@%($%=)) lgj]bsn]hkmt ug{ gkfpg] x'Fbf Performance Bond

afktsf] /sd ljkIfL k|f=ln= bfjLstf{nfO{lkmtf{ lbgkg]{ .

dWo:y 6«fOj'gnsf] pQm Award sflj?4 tTsfnLg dWo:ytf P]g, @)#* sf] bkmf@! sf] Joj:yfcg';f/ pQm Award ab/ ul/kfpFmegL lgj]bs ;+:yfgn] k'g/fj]bg cbfnt

642642642642642

kf6g;dIf lgj ]bg u/ ]sf ]df k 'g/fj ]bgcbfnt,kf6gn] dWo:ysf] Award g} ;b/ u/]sf]sf/0f k'g/fj]bg cbfnt,kf6gsf] dWo:y6«fOj'gnsf] Award ;b/ ug]{ lg0f{o ab/ u/fpg]cGo pkrf/sf] Joj:yf gePsf] egL lgj]bs;+:yfgsf] tkm{af6 tTsfnLg g]kfn clw/fHosf];+ljwfg,@)$& sf] wf/f **-@_ adf]lhd o;cbfntsf] c;fwf/0f clwsf/If]qcGtu{t k|:t'tl/6 lgj]bg kg{cfPsf] b]lvof] .

dWo:yn] lbPsf] Award df lrQ gj'em]lrQ gj'em\g] kIfn] Award pk/ dWo:ytf P]g,@)#* sf] bkmf @! cGtu{t lgj]bg u/L bkmf@! sf] pkrf/;d]t Exaust ul/;s]kl5 cjk'gM bf]xf]/f] txdf bf]xf]¥ofO{ kfpmF eGg] lgj]bgnfUg ;S5 ;Sb}g eGg] ljjfb pTkGg eO{ ;f]lgj]bg j[xt k"0f { Ohnf;;dIf k'Ubf o;cbfntsf] kfFr ;b:oLo j[xt k"0f{Ohnf;n]dWo:yn] lbPsf] award pk/ dWo:ytf P]g,@)#* sf] bkmf @! sf] sfg"gL q'l6 x]g] {pkrf/;d]t Exaust ul/;s]kl5 lrQ gj'em\g]kIfn] ;+ljwfgn] k|bfg u/]sf] o; cbfntsf]wf/f ** -@_ sf] c;fwf/0f clwsf/cGtu{tlgj]bg ug{;S5 bf]xf]¥ofO{ x]l/kfpmF lgj]bg nfUg;Qm}g eGg] JofVof eO{ k|:t't lgj]bgsf] Merit

df g} k|j]z u/L x]l/lbg' eGg] cfb]z ePsf]sf/0f k|:t't lgj]bg o; Ohnf;;dIf k]zx'gcfPsf] b]lvof] .

ldl;n x]bf{ lgj]bs ;+:yfg / ljkIfLk|f=ln=aLr ljkIfL k|f=ln=n] lgj]bs ;+:yfnfO{!),))) d]l6«s 6g o'l/of dn cfk"lt{ ug]{ u/Lldlt $ cui6 !((% df ;Demf}tf ePsf] /x]5 .pQm ;Demf}tfcg';f/ cfk"tL{ stf{ ljkIfL k|f=ln=n]!),))) d]l6«s 6g o'l/of dn lgj]bsnfO{lj/f6gu/ sfof{nodf x:tfGt/0f ug'{kg]{ eGg]b]lvG5 . lgj]bsn] ljkIfLsf] pQm Offer @! h'nfO{!((% df :jLsf/ u/]sf] b]lvG5 .

;Demf}tfcg';f/ ljkIfL k|f=ln=n] dncfk"lt{ u/]afkt lgj]bs ;+:yfgn] ljkIfLnfO{Unloading dx;"n;d]t u/L CIF d"No o"=P;=8n/@%,!*,())=)) e'QmfgL lbg'kg]{ u/L ;+emf}tf ePsf]b]lvG5 . ;Demf}tfsf] Condition of contract dfPerformance Bond sf] ;DaGwdf Article -A_ df

Performance bond may be forfeited if:

-i_ The supplier fails to deliver the goods in

time; or

(ii) The specification of fertilizer supplied is not

inconformity with the contract

documents.

-iii_ Any condition stipulated in contract is not

compiled with.eGg] Joj:yf ePsf] b]lvG5 .

To;}u/L Condition of contract sf]Article 2-B_ df Performance bond will be

released only after all the fertilizer under contract

have been delivered at AIC warehouses in Nepal

satisfactorily and accounts have been cleared

with AIC . eGg] Joj:yf ePsf] b]lvG5 .Mode of payment sf ;DaGwdf Article 3 df M

3. Payment:

A. 90 % of total CIF Nepal destination price

will be paid to the supplier in US $ through

an irrevocable atsight L/C upon

presentation of following dispatch

documents in triplicate:

a.Original commercial invoices;

b.Original bill of lading clean on board

marked "freight prepaid" ;

c.Original certificate of origin;

d Original insuarnce policy;


643643643643643


e Original certificate of inspection;

f. Original certificate of non

contamination and fit for Agri.use.

B. Balance 10%payment will be made

after all the fertilizers of respective

consignment are successfully delivered

at AIC warehouses in Nepal through

letter of credit .

Note: 1. LC confirmation and all other charges

outside Nepal will have to be born by

the supplier.

LC vf]Ng] ;DaGwdf –2. AIC will intimate supplier about the

establishment of letter of credit and, it

shall be the responsibility of supplier to

contact the corresponding Bank in the

respective country and obtain the same

and inform AIC on any discrepancies and

request for amendment immediately.

eGg] Joj:yf ePsf] b]lvG5 .

;Demf }t fsf ] Article 4 dfShipment÷Delivery sf] Joj:yf ePsf] b]lvG5 Ma.Shipment must be effected within 25 days

from the date of opening of LC / cGo cj:yfdfLC vf]n]sf] $) lbgleqdf dn snsQfsf] Port

df k'Ug'kg]{, %) lbgleq lgj]bssf] lj/f6gu/uf]bfddf dn k'Ug yfNg'kg]{, LC vf]n]sf] &)lbgleqdf ;Dk"0f{ !),))) d]l6«s 6g g} x:tfGt/0ful/;Sg' kg]{ ;Demf}tfdf :ki6 Joj:yf ePsf]b]lvG5 .

Ifltk"lt{sf ;DaGwdf ;d]t Article 5 df:ki6 Joj:yf ePsf] b]lvG5 . Article 5 cg';f/lgj]bsn] ljkIfL k|f=ln= nfO{ s'g} klg k|sf/sf]

Ifltk"lt{ Liquidated damage / penalty e/fpg]Joj:yf ePsf] b]lvFb}g j? To;sf] ljk/Lt ljkIfLk|f=ln=n] Article 4 df tf]lsPsf] cjlwdf lgj]bs;:yfgnfO{ dfn x:tfGt/0f ug{ g;s]df ljkIfLk|f=ln n] lgj]bs ;+:yfgnfO{ Liquidated damage

/ Penalty ltg{'kg]{ :ki6 Joj:yf ePsf] b]lvG5 .;Demf}tfsf] o:tf] :ki6 Joj:yf ljk/Lt

ljkIfL k|f=ln=n] LC sf ;DaGwdf ljjfb p7fO{lgj]bs ;+:yfgnfO{ Rabo Bank df Confirm LC

vf]Ng eg]sf]df lgj]bs ;+:yfgn] Rabo Bank dfLC gvf]nL CITI Bank df LC vf]n]sf]n] Tof] LC

Workable LC gePsf] sf/0f ;dodf dn cfk"lt{ug{ g;s]sf] eGg] lhsL/ u/L ;Demf}tf e+ux'g'df cfkm\gf] s'g} e"ldsf g/x]sf] gePsf] lhsL/u/]sf] b]lvG5 . k]z ePsf] lnlvt jx;gf]6df /jx;df ;d]t ;f]xL lhsL/ u/L LC Workable

gePsfn] ;Demf}tfcg'¿k dn cfk"lt{ ug{ g;s]sf]eGg] lhsL/ u/L b]xfosf] sf/0f hgfPsf] b]lvG5–

-s_ lgj]bs ;+:yfgn]]]]] ] ] ] LC Rabo Bank dfgvf]nL CITI Bank df vf]n]sf], /

-v_ CITI Bank df LC vf]n]sf]n ]LC workable

gePsf] .

dWo:y 6«fO{j'gnsf] jx'dtsf] /fon] klgljkIfL k|f=ln=sf] ;f]xL lhsL/nfO{ dfgL oxLcfwf/df cfkm\gf] /fo cfwfl/t u/L ljkIfL k|f=ln=sf]kIfdf Award lbPsf] b]lvG5 .

@= ;f] ;DaGwdf ;aeGbf klxnfLC ;DaGwdf ;Demf}tfdf s] Joj:yf ePsf] 5;f] x]g'{kg]{ x'gcfof] . LC ;DaGwL Joj:yfdfCondition of Contract sf] Art.3B Note 2 dfdfly ptfl/Psf] 5 . Art.3B Note 2 ;Demf}tfsf]cleGg c+u xf] . Note 2 df s'g a}+saf6 LC

vf]Ng'kg]{ eGg] ;DaGwdf s]xL klg pNn]v ePsf]

644644644644644

b]lvFb}g . Note 2 df cfk"lt{stf{ ljkIfL k|f=ln=n]/f]h]sf] jf tf]s]sf] jf rfx]sf] jf eg]sf] a}+saf6vf]n]sf] LC dfq dfGo x'g]5 / To:tf] LC dfqWorkable LC x'g]5 eg]sf] b]lvFb}g . olb LC

vf]lng] a} +s cfk"lt{stf { ljkIfL k|f=ln=n]tf]s]adf]lhd dfq x'g kg]{] egL ;Demf}tfdf pNn]vePsf] eP ljkIfLsf] lhsL/ dfGo x'g] lyof] .t/ LC sf ;DaGwdf Note 2 df To:tf] s]xLpNn]v geO{ To;sf] ljk/Lt lgj]bs ;:yfgn]LC vf]n]kl5 To;sf] hfgsf/L ljkIfL k|f=ln nfO{k7fpg kg]{ / o;/L hfgsf/L k7fPkl5 lgj]bs;+:yfgn] LC vf]n]sf] a}+sdf ljkIfLn] ;Dks{/fVgkg]{ :ki6 Joj:yf ePsf] b]lvG5 . ;Demf}tfsf]dg;fo / Joj:yf s'g a}+sdf LC vf]Ng] eGg]s'/f lgj]bs ;+:yfgsf] 5gf}6 / ;'ljwfsf] s'/feGg] b]lvG5 . lgj]bs ;:yfgn] vf]n]sf] LC ljkIfLcfk"lt{stf{nfO{ dfGo x'gkg]{ / LC s'g j}+sdfvf]Ng] eGg] s'/f lgj]bs ;:yfgsf] :jljj]ssf]s'/f ePsf]n] LC vf]Ng] ;DaGwdf ljkIfLcfk"lt{stf{sf] s'g} ;xdlt :jLs[lt cfjZos gkg]{eGg] :ki6 b]lvG5 . ;Demf}tfdf gePsf] s'/fp7fO{ ljkIfL k|f=ln=n] cQf] yfKg / cfkm\gf]sf/0f ;Demf}tf e+u ePsf]df To;sf] bf]if lgj]bs;+:yfgdf ;fg{ ;St}g .

#= ;Demf}tfsf] wf/f # sf] Note 2

df LC vf]n]kl5 LC vf]n]sf] hfgsf/L lgj]bs;+:yfgn] ljkIfL k|f=ln=nfO{ Intimate ug'{kg]{ /To;/L lgj]bs ;+:yfgn] LC vf]n]sf] Intimate

u/]kl5 Corresponding Bank df ;Dks{ /fVg]lhDd]jf/L ljkIfL k|f=ln=sf] x'g]5 eGg] :ki6 pNn]vePsf] b]lvG5 . ljkIfL k|f=ln= sf] Wofg cfkm"n]hfg]/ a'em]/ u/]sf] ;Demf}tfdf k/]sf] It shall be

the responsibility of supplier to contact the

corresponding Bank in the respective country

eGg] jfSodf hfg' cfjZos b]lvG5 . o;af6 LC

sf ;DaGwdf lgj]bs ;+:yfgn] LC vf]n]sf]

Corresponding Bank g} ljkIfLsf] Corresponding

Bank x'g] eGg] :ki6 b]lvG5 . LC vf]Ng] ;DaGwdfljkIfL k|f=ln=n] j}+s tf]Sg], /f]Hg], 5fGg] jf s'g}vf; j}+ssf] gfd lnO{ To; j}+sdf LC vf]lnPdfdfq ;Demf}tfsf] k"0f{ kfngf u/L dn ;KnfO{ ug]{t/ ljkIfL k|f=ln=n] eg]adf]lhd afx]s csf]{ j}+sdfLC vf]n]df dn ;KnfO{ ug{ ;lQmg egL zt{tf]Sg] jf ;Demf}tf pNn+3g ug]{ clwsf/ ljkIfLk|f=ln=nfO{ ;Demf}tfn] k|bfg u/]sf] b]lvFb}g . ;f]s'/f ljkIfL k|f=ln=n] ;Demf}tfaf6 k|dfl0ft ug{;Sg'k5{ . ;Demf}tfn] ljkIfL k|f=ln=nfO{{ LC vf]lng]j}+s tf]Sg] clwsf/ glbOPsf] x'Fbf ljkIfL k|f=ln=n];Demf}tfsf] Article 5 sf] The supplier will be

fully responsible for the execution of the

contract sf] pNn+3g ug' {sf ;fy} dWo:y6«fOj'gnn] klg ;Demf}tfsf] Art 3 B Note sf] LC

;DaGwL Joj:yfsf] unt JofVof u/]sf] b]lvof] .$= k | f Kt km fonaf6 lgj ]bs

;+:yfgn] * cui6 !((% df /fli6«o jfl0fHoj}+sdfkm{t\ CITI j}+saf6 Confirm ug]{u/L LC

vf]n]sf] b]lvG5 . vf]lnPsf] LC ;Demf}tfsf] Article

3 B Note 2 cg';f/sf] b]lvG5 lsgsL ;Demf}tfn]LC sf ;DaGwdf s'g} zt{ /fv]sf] 5}g . LC

;DaGwL dfGo l;4fGt, k|rng, Usage / Practice

cg';f/ LC vf]Ng] a}+ssf ;DaGwdf ;Demf}tfn]lgj]bsnfO{ s'g} Restriction nufPsf] b]lvb}g .

%= LC vf]nL ;s]kl5 9 cui6 1995

sf lbg lgj]bs ;:yfgsf] Letter Pad df AP

Sing Proc. division elgg]åf/f x:tfIfl/t kqljkIfL k|f=ln=nfO{ k7fPsf] b]lvG5 . pQm kqdfCITI Bank dfkm{t\ confirm x'g] u/L vf]lnPsf] LC

uNtL ePsfn] Rabo Bank Confirming Bank x'g]u/L LC amend ul/lbg] 5f}+ egL kq k7fPsf]b]lvG5 . ;f] lx kqnfO{ ljkIfLn] / dWo:y6«fOj'gnn] klg cfwf/ / k|df0f dfg]sf] b]lvG5 .9 August 1995 sf] ;f] kqnfO{ lgj]bsn] Disown


645645645645645


u/]sf] b]lvG5 . kq x]bf{ x:tfIf/L Procure Division

sf ;fdfGo sd{rf/L;Dd eGg] dfq b]lvG5 .gLlt lgwf{/0f ug]{ x}l;ot /fVg] pRr cf]xbfsf]clwsf/L eGg] b]lvFb}g . lghsf] x}l;ot ;+emf}tfdf;fIfL;Dd j;]sf] JolQm eGg] b]lvG5 . 9 Aug

1995 sf] kqnfO{ lgj]bs ;:yfgsf] cflwsfl/s/ clwsf/;DkGg JolQmn] k7fPsf] cyf{t\Authorized kq dfGg] xf] eGg] pQm kqn] Condition

of contract sf] Article 3 B Note 2 nfO{ Amend

u/]sf] eGg' k5{ . hjls ;Demf}tfsf] ;+zf]wgcflwsfl/s lgsfo jf JolQmaf6 dfq x'g ;Sb5 .;+ul7t ;+:yfsf] ;j} clwsf/ Board cyf{t\;~rfns ;ldltaf6 pTkGg x'G5 . o;/L Board

n] cfkm \gf ] clwsf/ k|Tofof ]lht u/L c?clwsf/Ldfkm{t\ k|of]u ub{5 t/ Board n] ;f];Demf}tfsf ;DaGwdf A.P. Sing eGg] JolQmnfO{s'g} clwsf/ g} k|Tofof]hg gu/]sf] x'+bf pQm kqcglws[t kq xf] . pQm 9 Aug 1995 sf] pQmkqnfO{ lgj]bs ;+:yfgsf] cflwsfl/s kq dfgLdfGotf lbg] xf] eg] pQm kqn] ;Dk"0f{ Condition

of Contract g} ;+zf]wg ub{5 . t/ k|:t't;Demf}tfsf] ;+zf]wg ;~rfns ;ldltn] jf;Grfns ;ldltn] Full Power lbPsf] clwsf/Lsf]lg0f{on] dfq x'g ;S5 . To;}n] pQm kqsf] s'g}dfGotf /xb}g .

^= dWo:ysf] jx'dtsf] /fon]ljkIfL k|f=ln=sf] LC workable gePsf] eGg]lhsL/nfO{ ;dy{g u/L Award ljkIfL k|f=ln=s}kIfdf lbPsf] b]lvG5 . t/ jx'dtsf] Award lbg]dWo:y 6«fOj'gn cfkm} LC ;DaGwL dfGo l;4fGt/ k|rngsf ;DaGwdf e|ddf k/L ljkIfL k|f=ln=s}egfOdf nfu]sf] b]lvG5 . lgj]bs ;+:yfgn]vf]n]sf] LC workable gePsf] dfGgnfO{ s] sltsf/0fn] pQm LC workable ePg Award df:ki6 pNn]v x'g'kg]{ lyof] . Award df To:tf] s]xLpNn]v 5}g . LC dfkm{t\ sf/f]jf/ ug'{sf] d"ne"t

p2]Zo s] xf] eg] j}+sdfkm{t\ / j}+ssf dfWodaf6sf/f]]jf/ x'g] x'Fbf ljqm]tf jf ;Knfo;{ jf hf];'s}xf];\ cfkm\gf] dfnsf] cfk"lt{ ul/;s]kl5 To;sf]e'QmfgL lglZrt¿kdf k|fKt x'G5 / e'QmfgL 8'Ab}geGg] g} xf] . j}+sdfkm{t\ vf]lnPsf] Irrevocable LC

:jtM Workable LC x'g] s'/fdf ljjfb x'Fb}g .ljkIfL k|f=ln=n] lgj]bs ;+:yfgn] vf]n]sf] pQmLC workable ePg eGg] lhsL/ unt xf] .

&= ;+emf}tfsf] LC ;DaGwL k|fjwfgcyf{t\ Condition of Contract Art 3B Note 2 /ljkIfL k|f=ln=sf] nf]sn Ph]G6;/xsf] k|ltlglw—sf] ldlt d] $, !((^, clk|n !&, !(($, d] @&,!((^ / km]j|'j/L @*, !((^ sf kqx¿ x]bf{ pQmkqx¿af6 ljkIfLn] u/]sf] lhsL/ unt b]lvG5 .tL kqx¿df LC ;DaGwL s'g} ljjfb u/]sf] b]lvFb}g .pQm kqn] lgj]bs ;+:yfgsf] ( cui6 !((% sf]kq cglws[t eGg] k|dfl0ft ub{5 . ljkIfL k|f=lnsf]nf]sn Ph]06;/xsf tL kqx¿n] LC ;DaGwdfs'g} ljjfb gp7fPsf]n] ljkIfLn] ;dodf dncfk"lt{ ug{ g;s]sf] x'Fbf cfkm\gf] uNtL 9fs5f]kug{ dfq lgj]bs ;+:yfgnfO{ bf]if nufPsf] :ki6x'G5 . t;y{ lgj]bs ;:yfgn] ;Demf}tf pNn+3gu/]sf] eGg] lhsL/;Fu ;xdt x'g ;lsPg .

*= dWo:y 6«fOj'gnsf] jx'dtn]o"=P;= 8n/ !,@%,($%.– Ifltk"lt{afkt lgj]bs;:yfgaf6 ljkIfL k|f=ln=nfO{ e/fpg] ul/lbPsf]Award sf ;DaGwdf x]bf{ Ifltk"lt{sf ;DaGwdf;Demf}tfsf] Art. 5 df Liquidated Damage

;DaGwL Joj:yf ePsf] b]lvG5 . Art 5 df lgj]bs;+:yfgn] ;Demf}tf e+u unf{ / lgj]bs ;+:yfgaf6ljkIfL k|f=ln=nfO{ Ifltk"lt{ e/fpg knf{ egLEnvisage g} ul/Psf] b]lvPg .

Art 5 o; k|sf/ 5 MLiquidated Damage / Penalty: In the

event of the supplier failing to complete

646646646646646

the supply and delivery of the goods under

this contract on or before the date agreed

in the contract or on or before any extended

date as hereinafter provided except in such

circumstances provided for in clsuse (10),

the supploer will pay liquidated damage at

the following rates which will be realized

from the 20% balance payment or any

deposit or Performance Bond or any

money payable to the supplier.

I. For delay of 1to 15 days- 0.5% of CIFvalue of delayed quantity.

II. For delay of 16 to 30 days- 1% of CIFvalue of delayed quantity.

III. For delay of 31 to 45 days- 1.5% of CIFvalue of delayed quantity.

IV. For delay of over 45 days- 5% of CIFvalue of delayed quantity.

(= Art 5 sf] pko' {Qm Joj:yfcg';f/ Shipment Delivery sf] schedule h'gArticle 4 df ul/Psf] 5 pQm cjlw jf b'j} kIfn]d~h"/ u/]sf] Article 10 cg';f/ Extended Period

leq klg dn ;KnfO{ gu/]df lgj]bs ;:yfgnfO{ljkIfL k|f=ln n] Liquidated Damage ltg{kg]{tflnsf / b/ :ki6 tf]lsPsf] 5 . ;Demf}tfdflgj]bs ;+:yfgaf6 ljkIfL k|f=ln=nfO{ s'g} k|sf/sf]Ifltk"lt{ e/fpg] Joj:yf ul/Psf] b]lvb}g . o:tf]Joj:yf cyf{t\ lgj]bs ;:yfgn] ljkIfL k|f=lnnfO{ Ifltk"lt{ e/fpg kg]{ cj:yf g} cfOgkg]{ x'Fbf;f] Joj:yf ;Demf}tfdf hfghfg g/flvPsf] xf] //fVg g} kb}{g . lgj]bs ;+:yfg dn vl/bstf{xf] . ljkIfL k|f=ln ljqm]tf geP klg ljqm]tfaf6v/Lb u/L lgj]bs ;:yfgnfO{ cfk"l{t ul/lbg] kIfxf] . lgj]bs ;+:yfg g]kfndf dn cfk"lt{sf nflug} u7g ePsf] ;+:yfg xf] . o; ;+:yfgn] cfk"m

u7g ePsf] Charter cg'¿k ljb]zaf6 dn cfoftu/L s[ifsx¿nfO{ dn pknJw u/fpFb5 .

!)= ;dodf dn cfk"lt{ u/L pknJwu/fpg' ;:yfgsf] sfg"gL st{Jo xf] . ;Demf}tfu/L Order ul/;s]sf] dn grflxg] egL ;+:yfgn]OGsf/ ug]{ eGg] k|Zg g} gcfpg] x'gfn] ;f]Joj:yf ;Demf}tfdf g/flvPsf] xf] . ;Demf}tfsfkIfx¿n] g} g/fv]sf] /sd dWo:yn] e/fpg;St}g . ;Demf}tf :ki6 x'Fbfx'Fb} klg dWo:y6«fOj'gnsf] jx'dtn] ljkIfL k|f=ln=nfO{ o"=P;=8n/ !,@%,($% Ifltk"lt{ e/fpg] u/L cfb]z u/]sf]b]lvof] . dWo:yn] clwsf/ ;Demf}tfaf6 k|fKtub{5 . dWo:y s/f/Lo ljjfbdf ljjfbsf kIfx¿n]u/]sf] ;Demf}tfsf] zt{ / Joj:yfeGbf aflx/ uP/Award lbg ;St}g . dWo:ynfO{ s'g} :jljj]sLoclwsf/ x'Fb}g . dWo:ysf] clwsf/ ;+emf}tfdf;Lldt /xG5 . olb dWo:yn] ;+emf}tfsf] zt{ /Joj:yfeGbf jflx/ uO{ Award lbG5 eg] To:tf]dWo:yn] Excess of Jurisdiction u/]sf] dflgG5 .;f] ;DaGwdf ef/tsf] ;jf]{Rr cbfntaf6 s/f/Loljjfbdf dWo:ysf] clwsf/sf ] ;DaGwdfb]xfoadf]lhd JofVof ePsf] b]lvG5 . Associated

Engineering Co. vs. Government of Andhra

Pradesh sf] d'2fdf A.I.R.,1992 S.C. 232 The

arbitrator cannot act arbitrarily, irrationally,

capriciously or independently of the contract.

His sole function is to arbitrate in terms of the

contract. He has no power apart from what the

parties have given him under the contract. If he

has traveled outside the bounds of the contract,

he has acted without jurisdiction. But if has

remained inside the parameters of the contract

and has construed the provisions of the

contract, his award cannot be interfered with

unless he has given reasons for the award

disclosing an error apparent on the face of it. A


647647647647647


conscious disregard of the law or the provisions

of the contract from which he has derived his

authority vitiates the award.(Para 26,27)

elgPsf] b]lvG5 . k|:t't ljjfb;+u ;DalGwt;Demf}tf x]bf{ ;Demf}tfdf ljkIfL k|f=ln= nfO{ Ifltk"lt{e/fpg] Joj:yf gePsf] x'Fbf ljkIfLnfO{ Ifltk"lt{e/fpg] dWo:y 6«fOj'gnsf] Award ;Demf}tf Pj+sfg"g ljk/Lt b]lvof] .

To;}u/L Performance Bond hkmt gug{'eGg] Award sf ;DaGwdf Performance Bond

sf] ljifodf Condition of Contract sf] Art 2 A

:ki6 5 .

2. A. Performance bond maybe forfeited if:-i_ The supplier fails to deliver the goods

in time; or(ii) The specification of fertilizer supplied

is not inconformity with the contractdocuments.

-iii_ Any condition stipulated in contractis not compiled with.

2.B. Performance bond will be released onlyafter all the fertilizer under contract havebeen delivered at AIC warehouses inNepal satisfactorily and accounts have

been cleared with AIC .

!@= Condition of Contract sf] Art.

2 B cg';f/ ljkIfL k|f=ln= n] Art. 4 B cg';f/ dnDelivery k"/f ul/;s]sf] xf] eg] dfq Performance

Bond afktsf] /sd km's'jf x'g] Joj:yf ePsf]b]lvG5 . Art. 4 B cg';f/sf] Schedule cg';f/n]lvPsf] tflnsf / ;dodf ;fdfg cfk"lt{ gu/]dfPerformance Bond hkmt x'g] ;Demf}tfdf :ki6Joj:yf x'+bfx'+b} klg Performance Bond ;DaGwLdfGo l;4fGt, Usage / Practice ljk/Lt x'g]u/L Performance Bond hkmt gug'{ eGg] dWo:y6«fOj'gnsf] ax'dtsf] Award klg ;Demf}tf ljk/Ltb]lvof] . Performance Bond lng'sf] p2]Zo g}

7]s]bf/n] ;Demf}tf pNn+3g u/L ;Demf}tfcg'¿ksfd gugf{n] ;Demf}tfsf] csf]{ kIfnfO{ gf]S;fgLjf Iflt k'¥ofPsf] cj:yfdf s]xL xb;Dd To:tf]Ifltsf] /sd c;"n ug'{ / 7]s]bf/nfO{ cfkm}n];Demf}tf pNn+3g gug{ / pNn+3g u/]df Deterrent

:j¿k Guarrentee ;/xsf] Performance Bond

hkmt ug'{ xf] . ctM dn cfk"lt{ gu/]afkt hkmtug{ kfpg'kg]{ Performance Bond hkmt gug{'eGg] Award lbP/ h'g p2]Zo / h'g k|of]hgsf]nflu Performance Bond /flvG5 To;sf] ljk/LtdWo:y 6«fOj'gnn] o; k|sf/sf] Jofkfl/ssf/f ]j f/df 7 ]s ]b f/sf ] tkm {a f6 /f lvg ]Performance Bond sf] dfGo k|rng ljk/Lt x'g]u/L Award lbPsf] b]lvof] .

!#= ctM pko' {St sf/0fn] ubf{dWo:y 6«fOj'gnsf] lgj]bs ;+:yfgn] ljkIfLk|f=ln=nfO{ Ifltk"lt{ e/fpg] / Performance Bond

hkmt ug{ gkfpg] ldlt @)%$.&.!# sf] jx'dtsf]Award ;Demf}tf,s/f/ sfg"g / dWo:y;DaGwLdfGo k|rngsf] :ki6 Joj:yfsf] ljk/Ltsf]b]lvof] . Error apparent on the face of the record

b]lvg] pQm Award pk/ k'g/fj]bg cbfnt,kf6gn] tTsfnLg dWo:y P]g,@)#* sf] bkmf @!adf]lhd lgj]bg ;'gL dWo:ysf] Award nfO{Correction ug'{kg]{ lyof] t/ To;sf] ljk/Ltk'g/fj]bg cbfnt,kf6gn] dWo:ysf] Award g};b/ u/]sf] lg0f{o klg ;Demf}tf ljk/Lt b]lvPsf]n]pQm b'j} lg0f{o cyf{t\ dWo:ysf] Award / k'g/fj]bgcbfnt, kf6gsf] lg0f{o pTk|]if0fsf] cfb]zåf/f/ab/ ul/lbPsf] 5 / ca ljkIfL k|f=ln=n] rfx]dfk'gM b'j} kIfnfO{ dfGo x'g] Ps jf tLg ;b:oLojf ;f]xL 6«fOj'gnnufot csf]{ h'g;'s} dWo:y6«fOj'gnaf6 ljjfb ;dfwfg u/fpg" egL b'j}kIfnfO{ hfgsf/L u/fpg" .

!$= Jofkfl/s sf/f]jf/df l56f]5l/tf]/ ;'ne tl/sfn] Gofo kfpg dWo:yåf/f ljjfb

648648648648648

;dfwfg u/fpg] dfGo k|rng xf] . vf;u/LnufgL;DaGwL ljjfb, Jofkfl/s sf/f]jf/;DaGwLljjfb, lgdf {0f sfdsf ] 7 ]Ssfk§f;DaGwLljjfbnufot o:t} k|sf/sf] Jofkfl/s nufgLsf]sf/f]jf/;DaGwL ljjfbdf cbfntL k|lqmofaf6 eGbfdWo:ysf] k|lqmofåf/f ljjfb ;dfwfg u/fpFbfljjfb l56f],5l/tf] / sd vlr{nf] tl/sf / 9+un]ljjfb ;dfwfg x'g;Sg] x'Fbf dWo:yåf/f ljjfb;dfwfg u/fpg] d'Vo dfGotf xf] . ;+f] ;DaGwdflgj]bs lb cf]l/P06n OG:of]/]G; sDkgL ln= sf]tkm{af6 Dofg]h/ /fs]zs'df/ lj?4 /fds[i0f /fjnePsf ] @)^) ;fnsf ] b ] =k ' =g + =*^(@ sf ]s/f/adf]lhdsf] aLdf /sd / Ifltk"lt{ kfpmFeGg] d'2fdf JofVof;d]t ePsf] 5 . cf}Bf]lusJoj;fo P]g, @)$( ljb]zL nufgL tyf k|ljlwx:tfGt/0f P]g,@)$(, g]kfn k]6«f]lnod P]g,@)$!nufot nufgL;DaGwL cGo sltko sfg"gdfljb]zL nufgLstf{n] ljjfbsf] ;dfwfg cbfntLk|lqmofaf6 gu/L dWo:yåf/f ;dfwfg u/fpg]Joj:yf ePsf] b]lvG5 . s'g} klg nufgLstf{vf;u/L cfkm\gf] nufgL /sd nfdf] ;do d'2fdfkm;fpFg rfxb}g / hlt;Sbf] rf+8f] ljjfbd'Qmx'g rfxG5 . To;}n] nufgL;DaGwL ljjfb,lgdf{0f;DaGwL ljjfb Jofkfl/s sf/f]jf/ cflb;DaGwL ljjfbdf dWo:yåf/f ljjfb ;dfwfgu/fOG5 . o; k|sf/sf] ljjfbdf ;fwf/0ftofcbfntaf6 Goflos k|lqmofcGtu{t ;dfwfgu/fpg] ul/b}g .

!%= log} s'/fnfO{ dx;"; u/L dWo:yP]g,@)#* sf] bkmf @! / dWo:y P]g,@)%% sf]bkmf #) df dWo:yn] lbPsf] Award pk/ k'g/fj]bgnfUg ;Sg] Joj:yf gu/L dWo:yn] lbPsf] Award

pk/ sfg"gL k|Zg;Dddf dfq Supervisory

Jurisdiction cGtu{t Award hfFRg] Joj:yf ePsf]b]lvG5 . j[xQ k"0f{ Ohnf;af6 k|:t't l/6 lgj]bgsf;DaGwdf ePsf] km};nfaf6 dWo:yn] lbPsf]

Award pk/ k'g/fj]bg cbfntaf6 dWo:yP]g,@)#*sf] bkmf @! jf dWo:y P]g, @)%% sf]bkmf #) adf]lhdsf] pkrf/;d]t Exaust

ul/;s]kl5 c;fwf/0f clwsf/If]qcGtu{t l/6lgj]bg nfUg] JofVof ePsf] 5 . ljjfb ;dfwfgsf]tx g} x]g]{ xf] eg] Ps tx dWo:y, To;pk/k'g/fj]bg cbfnt;dIf lgj]bg,To;pk/ l/6lgj]bg / l/6 lgj]bgpk/ Gofo k|zf;g P]g @)$*sf] bkmf !! cg';f/ k'g/fjnf]sgsf] lgj]bg klgnfUg;Sg] b]lvG5 . dWo:ysf] Award pk/ tLgtx lgj]bg nfUg] Joj:yfn] ubf{ dWo:yåf/f ljjfb;dfwfg u/fpg] / ;fwf/0f cbfntsf] Litigation

df km/s ePg .!^= cbfntL Goflos k|lqmofsf] ;§f

dWo:yåf/f ljjfb ;dfwfg u/fpg'sf] k5fl8 s]xLsf/0fx¿ 5g . cbfntdf w]/} d'2fx¿sf] rfkx'g] / cbfntsf] cfkm\g} sfo{ljlw, sfg"g /k|lqmofx¿ x'G5g\ . cbfntn] k/Dk/fut d'2f x]g]{x'Fbf cbfntdf sfo{/t\ GofofwLzx¿ Jofkfl/ssf/f]jf/;+u Tolt w]/} dfqfdf kl/lrt gx'g;S5g\ . cbfntn] cfˆgf] sfg"gL k|lqmof / sfg"gLsfo{ljlw ljk/Lt uP/ d'2fsf] sf/jfxL cufl8j9fpg ;Qm}g . t/ dWo:ysf] sf/jfxL leGgvfnsf] sf/jfxL ePsf]n] dWo:ysf] sf/jfO{dfcbfntL sfo{ljlw sfg"g nfu" gug{ klg ;lsG5 .Ad–Hoc Arbitration åf/f ljjfb ;dfwfg u/fpFbfleGg vfnsf] sf/jfxL ckgfpg ;lsG5 .ljjfbsf] ljifosf] 1ftf / ljjfbsf] ljifo;Fukl/lrt JolQmnfO{ kIfx¿n] dWo:y /f]hL kIfx¿n]cfkm\gf] d'2f x]/fpg ;S5g . dWo:ysf] sf/jfO{dfcbfntn] nfu" ug]{ sfo{ljlw sfg"g nfu" ug{kb}{g . kIfx¿n] cfk;L ;Nnfxaf6 d~h"/ u/LdWo:ysf] sf/jfOsf] k|lqmof cfkm} to ug{ ;S5g\ .Ad. Hoc Arbitrator n] kIfx¿åf/f tf]lsPsf] ljjfbdfq nuftf/ ;'g'jfO{ u/L l56f] Award lbG5g\ .log} sf/0fx¿n] ubf{ cbfntaf6 eGbf dWo:yåf/f


649649649649649


ljjfb rf8f], sd vlr{nf] / z'ne t/Lsfaf6;dfwfg x'G5 eGGf] dfGotfn] ubf{ o; k|sf/sf]Jofkfl/s sf/f ]jf/, nufgL;DaGwL ljjfb,lgdf { 0 fsfo {;DaGwL ljjfb ,Jofkf l/ssf/f]jf/;DaGwL ljjfb cflbdf dWo:yåf/f ljjfb;dfwfg u/fpg] sfo{ Preferred Choice dfl{gG5 .

!&= ;f] ;DaGwdf ;g !(&( sf]cÍsf] International Lawyer gfds Ps sfg"gLJournal df Arbitration and Developing Countries

zLif{sdf Joseph T Mc Laughlin n] dWo:yåf/fljjfb ;dfwfg u/fpg] sf/0fsf ] af/ ]dfb]xfoadf]lhd pNn]v u/]sf] b]lvG5 M

Traditional litigation in a nationalcourt can be a costly, time consuming,cumbersome and inefficient process,which obstructs, rather than facilitates,the resolution of business disputes. Theformal adversarial structure and thepossibility of national bias can destroythe business relationships which areconducive to the smooth flow ofinternational trade. Access to thenational courts may be restrictedbecause of the overcrowded courtdockets in many countries. Theintricacies of the national proceduresmay be unknown to one or more of theparties. Moreover, foreign judgmentsmay be difficult to enforce. For thesereasons and others, businessmen seekalternatives to traditional litigation.Arbitration is a potentially more efficientand attractive mechanism. eg]sf]b]lvG5 .

!*= dWo:y 6«fOj'gn] lbPsf] Award

pk/ k'g/fj]bg cbfntn] Award hfr]kl5 k'gMtTsfnLg ;+ljwfgsf] wf/f ** -@_ cGtu{t cyjfjt{dfg ;+ljwfgsf] xf] eg] wf/f #@ / wf/f !)&-@_ cGtu{tsf ] o; cbfntsf ] c;fwf/0fclwsf/cGtu{t l/6 lgj]bg nfUg] eGg] JofVofn]dWo:yåf/f ljjfb ;dfwfg u/fpFbf l56f] 5l/tf]

/ sd vlr{nf]sf] ;§f emg nfdf] ;do nfUg]b]lvof] . pbfx/0fsf] ¿kdf oxL d'2fnfO{ lng;lsG5 . o; d'2fdf dWo:ysf] sf/jfxL @)%$;fndf z'? eO{ cfh -!@ jif{_ ;Ddljjfb ;dfwfg x'g;s]sf] 5}g .

!(= ;+ljwfgsf] wf/f !)) df ;+ljwfgsfg"g tyf Gofosf] dfGo l;4fGtdf /x]/ g]kfnsfcbfntx¿n] Gofo ;Dkfbg ug{ eGg] :ki6 Joj:yfePsf] 5 . Gofosf] dfGo l;4fGtcg';f/ wf/f!)&-@_ cGtu{t o; cbfntn] Writ Jurisdiction

sf] c;fwf/0f clwsf/ k|of]u u/L Goflosk'g/fjnf]sg ubf{ klg dfGo l;4fGtdf /x]/ug'{k5{ . c;fwf/0f clwsf/cGtu{tsf] Writ

Jurisdiction sf cfkm\g} dfGo l;4fGtx¿ 5g\ .c;fwf/0f clwsf/cGtu{t l/6 lgj]bgsf] ;'g'jfO{dftYoleq k|j]z gug]{, ;j'b k|df0f a'em\g] sfdgug]{, s'g} clwsf/Lsf] lg0f{osf] Merit gx]g{] /s]jn Decision making process dfq x]/L lg0f{oubf{ ckgfPsf] k|lqmof dfq x]l/g] dfGo l;4fGtxf] . ;f] ;DaGwdf oxfF ef/tsf] ;jf]{Rr cbfntn]State of UP vs. Dharmendar Prasad Sigh sf]d'2fdf c;fwf/0f clwsf/cGtu{tsf Writ

Jurisdiction ;DaGwL dfGo l;4fGtsf] af/]df u/]sf]JofVof pNn]vgLo 5 . pQm d'2fdf– Judicial

review under Art. 226 cannot be converted into

an appeal. Judicial review is directed, not

against the decision, but is confined to the

examination of the decision making process.

When the issues raised in judicial review is

whether a decision is vitiated by taking into

account irrelevant, or neglecting to take into

account of relevant factors or is so manifestly

unreasonable that no reasonable authority,

entrusted with the power in question could

reasonably have made such a decision, the

judicial review of the decision making process

650650650650650

includes examination, as a matter of law, of

the relevance of the factors. elgPsf] 5 . l/6lgj]bgdf tYoleq k|j]z gug]{ dfGo l;4fGt g}xf] . t/ dWo:ysf] Award ldn] gldn]sf] x]bf{;Demf}tfsf] ljk/Lt eP gePsf], bfjL k|dfl0ftug]{ k|df0f ljBdfg eP gePsf] x]g{ tYoleqk|j]z ug'{kg]{ x'G5 . csf]{ dxTjk"0f{ s'/f s] klg 5eg] Gofokflnsfsf] Goflos lg0f{olj?4 wf/f !)&-@_ cGtu{t l/6 nfUb}g . Gofokflnsfsf] lg0f{osf]lj?4df Writ against judiciary xf]Og Appeal is

the remedy elgG5 .@)= ctM dWo:ysf] sf/jfxLdf

jt{dfg Joj:yf Jofkfl/s ljjfbdf l9nf] x'g] /z'ne gx'g] b]lvof] . k|:t't d'2fsf kIf ljkIfaLrcfheGbf !@ jif{cufl8 ljjfb pTkGg ePsf]dfcfh !@ jif{ JotLt x'Fbf klg ljjfbsf] 6'Fuf] nfUg;s]sf] b]lvFb}g . cj k'gM dWo:ysf] sf/jfxLz'? ubf{ emg slt ;do nfUnf < ;DejtM cbfntLsf/jfxLcGtu{t lhNnf cbfntaf6} d'2f u/]sf]eP klg !@ aif{df cGTo x'g] lyof] xf]nf . dWo:yåf/f;dfwfg u/fpg] ljjfb s/f/af6 pTkGg x'G5 .dWo:ysf] Award pk/ c;fwf/0f clwsf/cGtu{t;'g'jfO ubf{ tYoleq k|j]z ug]{ / k|df0f a'em\g]sfd ug{ gx'g] l/6 lgj]bg;DaGwL dfGo l;4fGtdfqxf]Og s/f/Lo ljjfbdf wf/f **-@_ sf] c;fwf/0fclwsf/ If]qcGtu{tsf] Public Law sf] pkrf/k|fKt x'g g;Sg] / Private Law sf] pkrf/ dfqk|fKt x'g;Sg] dfGo l;4fGt, Usage / Practice

;d]t ljk/Lt x'g;Sg] ePsf]n] ;f] ;DaGwdfdWo:ysf] Award pk/ cGo ljsNksf] Joj:yfubf{ dWo:ysf] sf/jfxL l56f] 5l/tf],;'ne / dfGol;4fGt cg's"n x'g;S5 . dWo:ysf] Award pk/tLg txsf] ;'g'jfO{sf] Joj:yfdf k'glj{rf/ ug'{kg]{b]lvG5 . ;f] s/f/Lo ljjfbdf dWo:ysf] Award

pk/ tLg txsf] ;'g'jfOsf] jt{dfg Joj:yf /dWo:ysf ] Award pk/ c;fwf/0f

clwsf/If]qcGtu{t l/6 lgj]bg nfUg] Joj:yfn]j}b]lzs nufgLnfO{ ;d]t Discourage ug{;Sg]xF'bf o;sf] ;'wf/ / ;/nLs/0fsf] nflu ;f];DaGwdf g]kfnsf] Psdfq ljz]if1 lgsfo g]kfndWo:y kl/ifb -NEPCA-g]Ksf_, pBf]u jfl0fHo;+3,g]kfn af/ Pzf]l;Pzgnufot ;Da4kIfx¿;+u ;d]t k/fdz{ u/L dWo:ysf] Award

pk/sf] ;'g'jfO{sf] tx sd / l56f] ;'g'jfO{ x'g]Joj:yf ug{ jt{dfg Joj:yfsf] ;'wf/sf] nflucfjZos sbd rfNg" egL sfg"g Gofo tyf;+ljwfg;ef dGqfno / sfg"g cfof]u b'j}lgsfonfO{ n]lv k7fpg" .pQm /fodf ;xdt 5' .Gof=bfdf]b/k|;fb zdf{Olt ;+jt\ @)^% ;fn df3 ^ ut] /f]h @ z'ed\\==Ohnf; clws[t s[kf;'/ sfsL{

lg0f{o g+= *!@( ;fpg, @)^^

;jf]{Rr cbfnt, ;+o'Qm Ohnf;dfggLo GofowLz >L an/fd s]=;L=

dfggLo GofowLz >L bfdf]b/k|;fb zdf{;+jt\ @)^@ ;fnsf] b]=k'=g+=*)(^

km};nf ldltM @)^%.%.(.@d'2f M s/f/adf]lhd /sd lbnfO{ e/fO{ kfpmF .

k'g/fj]bs÷k|ltjfbL M sf=lh=sf=d=g=kf=j8f g+=#) l:yt Hjhnkf k|f=ln=sf] tkm{af6clwsf/ k|fKt JolQm P]=P]= j8f g+=!&a:g] jif{ #& sf] k|jGw lgb]{zs -z]o/xf]N8/_ /fhs[i0f >]i7 ;d]t

lj?4ljkIfL÷jfbL M /]l8of] k|;f/ ;]jf ljsf; ;ldlt

-/]l8of] g]kfn_ l;+xb/jf/ sf7df8f+}sf]tkm{af6 clVtof/ k|fKt sfo{sf/L lgb]{zsz}n]Gb|/fh zdf{


651651651651651


§ s'g} klg ljjfb cbfntdf Gofloss'g} klg ljjfb cbfntdf Gofloss'g} klg ljjfb cbfntdf Gofloss'g} klg ljjfb cbfntdf Gofloss'g} klg ljjfb cbfntdf Goflos;dfwfgsf ] nflu k |:t 't ug ' {k "j {;dfwfgsf ] nflu k |:t 't ug ' {k "j {;dfwfgsf ] nflu k |:t 't ug ' {k "j {;dfwfgsf ] nflu k |:t 't ug ' {k "j {;dfwfgsf ] nflu k |:t 't ug ' {k "j {c fk;df ul/Psf ;dembf/ Lcfk;df ul/Psf ;dembf/ Lcfk;df ul/Psf ;dembf/ Lcfk;df ul/Psf ;dembf/ Lcfk;df ul/Psf ;dembf/ Lk " 0 f {¿kdf kfng Pj + cjnDjgk " 0 f {¿kdf kfng Pj + cjnDjgk " 0 f {¿kdf kfng Pj + cjnDjgk " 0 f {¿kdf kfng Pj + cjnDjgk " 0 f {¿kdf kfng Pj + cjnDjgul/Psf] x'g'kg] { .ul/Psf] x'g'kg] { .ul/Psf] x'g'kg] { .ul/Psf] x'g'kg] { .ul/Psf] x'g'kg] { .

§ cbfntdf ljjfb clGtd ljsNksfcbfntdf ljjfb clGtd ljsNksfcbfntdf ljjfb clGtd ljsNksfcbfntdf ljjfb clGtd ljsNksfcbfntdf ljjfb clGtd ljsNksf¿kdf dfq k | :t 't x 'g ] x ' G5 .¿kdf dfq k | :t 't x 'g ] x ' G5 .¿kdf dfq k | :t 't x 'g ] x ' G5 .¿kdf dfq k | :t 't x 'g ] x ' G5 .¿kdf dfq k | :t 't x 'g ] x ' G5 .cfkm " x¿df lgxLt ljsNkx¿sf ]cfkm " x¿df lgxLt ljsNkx¿sf ]cfkm " x¿df lgxLt ljsNkx¿sf ]cfkm " x¿df lgxLt ljsNkx¿sf ]cfkm " x¿df lgxLt ljsNkx¿sf ]k |o f ]u gu/L Ps }rf ]6 L Gof losk |of ]u gu/L Ps }rf ]6 L Gof losk |of ]u gu/L Ps }rf ]6 L Gof losk |of ]u gu/L Ps }rf ]6 L Gof losk |of ]u gu/L Ps }rf ]6 L Gof losljsNksf ¿kdf k | :t 't x 'gljsNksf ¿kdf k | :t 't x 'gljsNksf ¿kdf k | :t 't x 'gljsNksf ¿kdf k | :t 't x 'gljsNksf ¿kdf k | :t 't x 'g; +k | lt1fTds sfg "gsf ] l;4fGtn]; +k | lt1fTds sfg "gsf ] l;4fGtn]; +k | lt1fTds sfg "gsf ] l;4fGtn]; +k | lt1fTds sfg "gsf ] l;4fGtn]; +k | lt1fTds sfg "gsf ] l;4fGtn];d]t gldNg] .;d]t gldNg] .;d]t gldNg] .;d]t gldNg] .;d]t gldNg] .

-k|s/0f g+=*_k'g/fj]bs k|ltjfbL tkm{af6M ljåfg clwjQmf >L

ljho zfSoljkIfL jfbL tkm{af6M ljåfg clwjQmf >L b'uf{k|;fb

clwsf/LcjnlDjt ghL/M;Da4 sfg"gM

km};nfGof=bfdf]b/k|;fb zdf{MGof=bfdf]b/k|;fb zdf{MGof=bfdf]b/k|;fb zdf{MGof=bfdf]b/k|;fb zdf{MGof=bfdf]b/k|;fb zdf{M Gofo k|zf;g

P]g, @)$* sf] bkmf !@-!_ -s_ adf]lhd d'2fbf]xf]¥ofpg] lg:;f k|fKt u/L k'g/fj]bg bfo/Laf6k]z x'g cfPsf] k|:t't d'2fsf] ;+lIfKt tYo Pj+7x/ o; k|sf/ 5 M–

lkm/fbL ;ldltn] ;~rfng ub}{ cfPsf]Pkm=Pd= sf7df8f+}sf] /flt ( ah]b]lv !) ah];Dd af]nsjf]naf6 cGo s;}nfO{ sfo{qmd;~rfng ug{ lbg] eGg] lg0f{ofg';f/ k|sflzt;"rgfdf ljkIfLn] sfo{qmd ;~rfng ug{] l;naGbLk|:tfj a'emfPsf]df ljkIfLn] u/]sf] af]nsaf]njflif{s ?=!@,!@,!@(.*) df sfo{qmd ;~rfngug]{ ljkIfLnfO{ lbg] u/L @)%%÷&÷!) df lg0f{oeO{ s] s:tf] sfo{qmd ;~rfng ug]{ xf] ;f]sf]

k|:tfj ;fy} lgodfg';f/ @=% k|ltzt lj8jG8afkto; ;ldltsf] vftfdf /sd hDdf u/]sf]ef }r/;lxt ;Demf }t f ug { cfpg ' eGg ]kqfrf/adf]lhd cfˆgf] sfo{qmd ;~rfngsf]k|:tfj ;lxt lj8jG8afkt ;d]tsf] ;Demf}tfhDdf kfFr k|ltzt x'g] /sd ?= ^),^)^.)(a}+sdf a'emfPsf] ef}r/;lxt ;Demf}tf ug{ cfPsf]n]@)%%÷&÷@^ df ;Demf}tf kqd} ;f]xLadf]lhdplNnlvt ;dodf Pkm=Pd= sf] :jlguf] !));~rfng e} cfPsf] lyof] . / ,;fem !) ah]b]lv !@ ah];Dd ;~rfng ul/cfPsf] u'8gfO6Pkm=Pd= sf] ;do @)%% r}t ! b]lv vfnL x'g]eO{ ;f] ;do ;d]t ljkIfLn] dfu]adf]lhd ;ldltn]pknAw u/fpg] lg0f{o u/]cg';f/ lj8jG8afkta'emfpg' kg]{ kfFr k|ltzt ?=$$,$*#.## lkm/fbLsf]vftfdf w/f}6L hDdf u/L ef}r/;lxt ;Demf}tfug{ cfPcg'¿k @)%%÷!!÷#) df ljkIfL;Fubf];|f] ;Demf}tf klg ePsf] . leGbfleGb} ;Demf}tfu/ ] klg ;dfg ljifosf ] ePsf klxnf ];Demf}tfadf]lhd @)%% d+l;/ ! b]lv @)%%;fn c;f/ d;fGt;Dd ( ah]b]lv !) ah] ;Dd;do pknAw u/fO{ lbPafkt klxnf] jif{ ?=!@,!@!@!.*) bf];|f] jif{ ?=!@,$@,$@$.%* / bf];|f];Demf}tfadf]lhd @)%% r}t ! b]lv @)%& ;fnc;f/ d;fGt;Dd ;fFem !) ah]b]lv !@ ah];Dd;do pknAw u/fPafkt cfly{s aif{sf] lx;fan]klxnf] aif{sf] $ dlxgf cyf{t k|lt jif{ ?=*,##,%)).df ?= #(@%) yk u/L sfod ul/Psf] /sd@)%% r }t ! b ] lv @)%^ ;fn c;f/d;fGt;Ddsf] x'g cfpg] /sd ?= (,)@&%).ljkIfL;Fu Pkm= Pd= ;~rfng u/]afkt sfo{qmdk |zf/0f z 'Ns lng ] lbg ] u/L k |rlntsfg"gadf]lhdsf] s/ jf cGo ;/sf/L b:t"/;d]t u/L aflif{s k|;f/0f z'Ns afkt k|To]sdlxgfsf] d;fGt;Dd x'g cfpg] a/fa/ +/sdsf]lan dlxgfsf] ! ut] ljkIfL ;d]tsf lkm/fbLn]

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k|]lift u/L ljkIfLn] ljn k|fKt ePsf] #) lbgleqlanadf]lhdsf] /sd e'Qmfg ug{'kg{] , gu/];Demf}tf eË u/L sfo{qmd aGb ug{ ;lsg], cf=a= sf] jfFsL cjlwsf] ;Dk"0f{ k|;f/0f z'Ns ;/sf/LafFsL ;/x k|rlnt sfg"gadf]lhd c;"npk/ul/g]5 eGg] b'j}sf] cfk;L ;dembf/Laf6 ;Demf}tfkqx¿ v8f ul/Psf], ;Demf}tfadf]lhdsf] /sde'Qmfg ge} t/tfs]tf ubf{ ljkIfLn] @)%& r}td;fGt;Dd a'emfpF5' egL ;do lbFbf cl3NNff]dlxgfsf] ljnsf] e'QmfgL r'Qmf u/ eGbf klggu/L s/f/ pNn+3g u/]sf] / ljkIfLn] ;~rfngul/cfPsf] Pkm=Pd= ;]jf aGb u/L /sd e'Qmfgug{ k6s–k6s kq k7fpFbf ljleGg afxfgfb]vfO{ @)%& r}t d;fGtleq aFfsL /sd r'Qmfug]{ efsf lbPsf]df ;f] ldltdf klg /sdga'emfPsf]n] ljkIfLx¿n] u/]sf] ;Demf}tfadf]lhdr'Qmf ug'{kg]{ ?=@@,&(,(!).#! / Ifltk"lt{;d]tljkIfLaf6 s/f/adf]lhd lbnfO{ e/fOkfpmF eGg];d]t Joxf]/fsf] lkm/fb bfjL .

ldlt @)%%÷^÷@! df sDkgL/lhi6 «f/sf ] sfo {no lqk'/ ]Zj/ sf7df8f + }ljlwjt¿kdf Hjhnkf k|f=ln= sDkgL P]g, @)%#adf]lhd ;+:yfkg ePsf] xf] . sDkgL P]g,@)%#sf] bkmf ( tyf sDkgL k|jGwkq tyf lgodfjnLqmdzM bkmf %-*_ tyf lgod %=!$ adf]lhdz]o/sf] clwstd /sd;Dd dfq z]o/jfnfsf]bfloTj /xg] sDkgL xf] . sDkgL P]g, @)%# sf]bkmf && adf]lhd k|aGw ;~rfns, lgb]{zsdfdnfO{ lgo'lQm u/L ;~rfns ;ldltn] z]o/afktsf]?k}of e'QmfgL dfu u/]sf]df k|jGwkq tyflgodfjnL;d]tsf k|lqmof k"/f u/L dfu u/]sf];Dk"0f{ z]o/ ;+Vofsf] /sd ?= !,%),))).–sDkgLnfO{ r'Qmf u/L sDkgL P]g , @)%# bkmf!! sf] v08 -s_ cg';f/ ljkIfL sDkgLaLr k|jGwlgb]{zssf] x}l;otn] ;Demf}tf kq s/f/ eP u/]sf]xf], s/f/fkqsf] bkmf !! cg';f/sf] s/ z'Ns

b:t"/;d]t sDkgLn] e'StfgL ub}{ cfO/x]sf] /bf];|f] s/f/kq sDkgL;Fu ul/of] . g]kfnsf]/fhgLlt / ;/sf/sf] km]/jbnsf] sf/0faf6lj1fkg bftfx¿af6 ;dod} e'QmfgL glbPsfn]ljkIfLnfO{ /sd a'emfpg l9nf];Dd ePsf] xf] .d k|jGw lgb]{zs eO{ sDkgLsf] xslxtsf] lglDteP u/]sf] sfd sf/jfxL JolQmut ¿kdf pQ/bfoLx'g] ge} sDkgL dfq pQ/bfoL x'g] x'gfn] ljkIfLsf]em"7f lkm/faf6 cnu km';{b ul/kfpmF eGg] ;d]tJoxf]/fsf] /fhs[i0f >]i7sf] k|ltpQ/ lhsL/ .

sDkgL P]g, @)%# adf]lhd ;+:yflktePsf] k|fOe]6 sDkgL ePsf]df ljjfb gePsf]ljkIfL;Fu ;Demf}tf kqadf]lhd ljkIfLnfO{ ltg'{kg]{ s/ z'Ns b:t"/ sDkgLn] e'QmfgL ub}{ cfPsf]dfljkIfLn] k|zf/0f jGb ul/lbgfn] lj1fkg k|;f/0fubf{ lbPafktsf] ?k}of, :jf:Yo dGqfno, kz'kltlj:s'6, cg'kd km'8 k|f=ln= sf=d=g=kf= sfof{nocflb h:tf ;+:yf JolQmn] xfn;Dd klg sDkgLnfO{k|;f/0f ul/lbPafkt lbg'kg]{ ?k}of e'Qmfg u/LglbPsfn] lbg l9nf] ;Dd ePsf] xf], / ljkIfLsf];Demf}tf Pp6f JolQmaf6 ePsf] 5, d'2f bfo/csf]{ JolQmaf6 ePsf] 5, ;Demf}tfkq h;n] u¥of]d'2f p;}n] ug'{kg]{df xsb}ofljxLg JolQmn] bfo/u/]sf] / k|ltjfbL /fhs[i0f >]i7 sDkgLsf] k|jGwlgb]{zs sDkgL pQ/bfoL x'g] ge} sDkgLdfqpQ/bfoL x'g] x'gfn] lghpk/ ;d]t ePsf] em"¶flkm/fb vf/]h ul/kfpFm eGg] ;d]t Joxf]/fsf]k|ltjfbL Hjhnkf k|f=ln= sf] k|ltpQ/ lhsL/ .

k|ltjfbLn] /]l8of] g]kfn;Fu u/]sf];Demf}tfljk/Lt x'g g;Sg] x'Fbf jfbL bfjLadf]lhdsf] /sd jfbLn] k|ltjfbLx¿;Fu e/L kfpg]7x5{ eGg] sf7df8f+} lhNnf cbfntsf] ldlt@)%(÷!÷% sf] km};nf .

z'? km};nfdf lrQ a'em] klg k|ToyL{ jfbL/]l8of] g]kfnn] Pkm=Pd= :jflguM ;lR5 -!))_ sf]k|;f/0f aGb ul/lbgfn] lj1fkgsf] /sd c;"n

*!@( *!@( *!@( *!@( *!@( - Hjhnkf k|f=ln= ;d]t lj=/]l8of] k|;f/ ;]jf ljsf; ;ldlt Hjhnkf k|f=ln= ;d]t lj=/]l8of] k|;f/ ;]jf ljsf; ;ldlt Hjhnkf k|f=ln= ;d]t lj=/]l8of] k|;f/ ;]jf ljsf; ;ldlt Hjhnkf k|f=ln= ;d]t lj=/]l8of] k|;f/ ;]jf ljsf; ;ldlt Hjhnkf k|f=ln= ;d]t lj=/]l8of] k|;f/ ;]jf ljsf; ;ldlt

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x'g g;sL xfn sDkgLsf] ;~rfns ;ldlt Pj+jflif{s ;fwf/0f;efn] ;d]t lj/f]w k|:tfj k]zu/L sDkgL :j]R5fn] vf/]h eO{ sDkgLn] cjs'g} bfloTj axg ug'{kb}{g . sDkgL P]g, @)%#sf] bkmf * sf] pkbkmf -$_ / ( cg';f/ /fhs[i0f>]i7af6 JolQmut ?kaf6 3/3/fgfaf6 c;"npk/ug{ sDkgL P]gn] gldNg] :ki6 x'Fbfx'Fb} k|ltpQ/lhsL/nfO{ j]jf:tf u/L c=j+= !*% tyf k|df0fP]g, @)#! ljk/Lt ePsf] z'? km};nf ab/ u/Lz'? k|ltpQ/ kqdf lnOPsf] k|df0f sfg"gnfO{dWogh/ u/L Gofo kfpmF eGg] k|ltjfbLsf]k'g/fj]bg lhsL/ .

o;df /]l8of] k|;f/0f ;]jf ljsf; ;ldlt/ >L Hjhnkf k|f=ln= aLr ePsf] s/f/ ;DaGwdfk'g/fj]bs /fhs[i0f >]i7nfO{ JolQmut ¿kdf;d]t k|ltjfbL agfO{ d'2f bfo/ eO{ lgh ;d]taf6e/fO{ kfpg] 7x¥ofPsf] z'? sf7df8f+} lhNnfcbfntsf] km};nf km/s kg{ ;Sg] c=j+= @)@ g+=adf]lhd 5nkmnsf] nflu ljkIfL lemsfO{ k]z ug'{eGg] k'g/fj]bg cbfnt kf6gsf] cfb]z .

jfbL /]l8of] k|;f/ ;]jf ljsf; ;ldlt -/]l8of] g]kfn_ k|ltjfbL Hjhnkf k|f= ln= aLrldlt @)%%÷&÷@^ df ePsf] s/f/sdf]lhdsf]/sd ?= @@,&(,(!).–k|ltjfbLaf6 e/fO{ kfpmFeGg] jfbL bfjL ePsf]df pQm s/f/adf]lhd jfbL/]l8of] g]kfnn] lj1fkgx¿ /]l8of] k|;f/ gu/LlbPsf] / xfn k|ltjfbL Hjhnkf k|f=ln= g} vf/]he} ;s]sf]n] lkm/fb bfjLaf6 cnu km';{b kfpmFegL k|ltpQ/ lkm/fPsf] b]lvof] . jfbL k|ltjfbLaLr ldlt @)%&÷&÷@^ df s/f/ ePsf] eGg]s'/fdf ljjfb /x]sf] b]lvFb}g . k|ltjfbLn] jfbLnfO{s/f/adf]lhd a'emfpg' kg]{ /sd ga'emfPsfn]jfbL /]l8of] g]kfnn] r=g+= #@ ldlt @)%&÷$÷!#sf] kqaf6 jfbL bfjLsf] /sd a'emfpg' egLk|ltjfbLnfO{ kqfrf/ ubf{ ;f] kq k|ltjfbLsDkgLsf lgb] {zs /fhs[i0f >]i7n] a'emL

s/f/adf]lhdsf] /sd ?= @@,&(,(!).#! a'empg]5' egL lghn] :jLsf/ u/]sf] ldl;n ;+nUgsfuhftaf6 b]lvG5 . k|ltjfbL sDkgL, sDkgLP]gadf]lhd btf{ ePsf] lnld6]8 sDkgL /x]sf] /sDkgLn] sDkgL ;~rfng ubf{ u/]sf] s/f/ /;f] s/f/sf] cfwf/df pTkGg s/f/Lo bfloTj k"/fug{' gkg{] u/L sDkgL P]gn] ;f] sDkgLdf k|aGwlgb]{zs k|ltjfbLnfO{ To:tf] s'g} pGd'lQm jf ;'ljwfk|bfg u/]sf] gb]lvg'sf] ;fy} To:tf] bfloTjaf6k|ltjfbLn] pGd'lQm kfpg] egL eGg ;lsg] cj:yfgx'Fbf z'? km};nf ;b/ x'g] 7x5{ eGg] k'g/fj]bgcbfnt kf6gsf] ldlt @)^!÷!!÷@$ km};nf .

sDkgLdf JolQmut ¿kdf bfloTj axgug'{ gkg]{ sDkgL P]g, @)%# sf ljz]iftfx¿ dWo]Ps xf] egL sDkgL sfg"gcg';f/ sDkgL (Artificial

Person),;~rfns (Director or Managing

director),;+:yfks (Promoter), z]o/jfnf (Share

Holder) / JolQm ( Natural Person) sf] x}l;otn]lje]b 5 .

jfbLn] r=g+= #@ ldlt @)%&÷$÷!# sf]kq k7fPcg';f/ k|ltjfbLdWo] sDkgLn] ldlt@)%&÷&÷@% df @)%& ;fn r}t d;fGtleq/sd r'Qmf ul/g] egL k|aGw ;~rfns /fhs[i0f>]i7n] kqfrf/ u/]sf]df sDkgLn] pQm Dofbleq/sd ltg{ a'emfpg g;s]kl5 ;f]xL ldltaf6 cyf{tldlt @)%* j}zfv ! ut]b]lv P]hg c;f/d;fGt;Dd s/f/;DaGwL P]g, @)@# sf] bkmf!* -@_ -u_ adf]lhd # dlxgf xbDofbleq lkm/fbbfo/ ug'{kg]{df tTsfnLg s/f/;DaGwL P]g @)@#sf] bkmf *( -@_ -3_ sf] xbDofbsf] cfwf/dfldlt @)%*÷$÷!& df lkm/fb kq btf{ u/]sf]b]lvG5 . o;/L xbDofbljxLg lkm/fb lnO{ ;'g]sf]sfg"g;Fut 5}g .

xfdL k|ltjfbLdWo] sDkgLsf k|aGw;~rfns xf];\ of z]o/ xf]N8/ x}l;otn] cfkm"n]lng sa'n u/]sf] z]o/sf] /sd sDkgLsf]

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lgodfjnLsf lgod !# sf] v08 -em_ adf]lhdsDkgLsf] ;~rfns ;ldltsf] ldlt @)%%÷^÷@@df a;]sf] a}7sn] z]o/ lng sa'n u/]sf] ;Dk"0f{/sdsf] dfu u/]sf]df @)%%÷^÷@# df a;]sf]a}7sdf z]o/ xf]N8/÷k|df]6/÷;~rfns /fhs[i0f>]i7n] ;Dk"0f{ /sd r'Qmf ul/;s]sf / sDkgLn]jfbLsf] \/sd j{}+sdf a'emfO{ ;s]sf ;d]tn]] ubf{ca k|aGw lgb] {zs jf z]o/jfnf, k|df]6/,;~rfnssf] s'g} klg sDkgLpk/ cfˆgf bfloTjk"/f ug'{ gkg]{ sDkgL sfg"gsf] ;j{dfGo l;4fGtxf] .ctM sDkgLn] sDkgLsf gfddf eP u/]sf]sf/f]jf/ jf sfd sf/jfxLdf JolQmut ¿kdfpQ/bfoL x'g] geO{ sDkgLpk/ gfln; lbO{sDkgLdfq pQ/bfoL x'g] , ;Dk"0f{ z]o/ /sdk|aGw lgb]{zs z]o/ xf]N8/ /fhs[i0f >]i7n] r'Qmful/;s]sf]n lgh klg cfˆgf] bfloTjaf6 pGd'lQmkfpg] ,s/f/ ;DaGwL P]g @)@# adf]lhd ldlt@)%% ;fndf s/f/ e} ldlt @)%& r}td;fGtaf6 s/f/ e+u ePaf6 s/f/sf] xbDofbsf]l;h{gf jf d'2f ug'{kg]{ sf/0f -Cause of action of

the case_ j}zfvaf6 k|f/De e} s/f/;DaGwL P]g,@)@# adf]lhds} xbDofbleq lkm/fb glnO{ gofFP]g s/f/ P]g @)%^ adf]lhd xbDofb sfodu/L btf { ePsf lkm/ fb vf/ ]hLsfkl/0ffdcg';f/k'/fg} s/f/;DaGwL P]g @)@#adf]lhd nfu' hf/L ug{ ldNg] df xbDofbleqlkm/fb bfo/ u/]sf] xsb}ofsf] cefj , sDkgLsfg"gsf] ;j{dfGo l;4fGt ljk/Lt cflb cfwf/dfz'? sf=lh= c= sf] km};nfnfO{ k'=j]=c= kf6gn];b/ u/]sf] lg0f{o km};nf;d]t jb/ u/L k|ltpQ/tyf k'g/fj]bg kqdf lnOPsf] lhsL/sf cfwf/df;d]t d'2f bf]xf]¥ofO{ kfpmF eGg] k|ltjfbLsf] lgj]bg .

o;df @)%%÷&÷@^ df s/f/ x'Fbf /]l8of]g]kfn / Hjhnkf k|f=ln= sf aLrdf ePsf] b]lvG5 .cjl5Gg pQ/flwsf/jfnf ;+:yf;Fu ePsf] s/f/sf]]nflu ;f]xL sDkgL;Fu dfq ;DalGwt x'g]df

k|ltjfbLdWo]sf k|fs[lts JolQm /fhs[i0f>]i7;d]taf6 e/fpg] km};nf u/]af6 ;LldtbfloTjsf] cjwf/0ff ljk/Lt sDkgL P]g, @)%#sf] bkmf ( sf] q"l6 x'g'sf] ;fy} s/f/ ub{f jxfn/x]sf] s/f/ P]g ,@)%^ sf] bkmf *(-@_ -3_sf]xbDofb c+ufnL bfo/ ePsf] lkm/fbdf tTsfnk|rlnt s/f/ P]g ,@)@#sf] bkmf !*-@_ -u_ sf]xbDofbleq k/]sf] gb]lvPsfn] / s/f/ P]g, @)%^sf] bkmf () n] ;flassf] s/f/ P]g, @)@# vf/]hu/]sf] t/ ;fljs P]gadf]lhd ePsf sfdsf/jfxLnfO{ lg/Gt/tf glbPsf cj:yfdf sfg"gJofVof;DaGwL P]g ,@)!) sf] bkmf $ cg';f/;fljs} P]g adf]lhd g} x]g'{k/]df kl5 cfPsf]s/f/ P]g, @)%^ sf] bfjL dfgL ;f] P]gsf] bkmf*(-3_ sf] xbDofb nfO{ c+ufnL e/fO{ lbPsf]df;f] bkmf *(-@_ -3_ / sfg"g JofVof ;DaGwLP]g,@)!)sf] bkmf $ / sDkgL P]g, @)%# sf]bkmf ( sf] k|ToIf q'l6 u/L km};nf ePsf] b]lvFbfGofo k|zf;g P]g @)$* sf] bkmf !@-!_ v08-s_ sf] k|Zgdf bf]xf]¥ofO{ x]g]{ lg:;f k|bfg ul/Psf]5 . ;DalGwt z'? /]s8{ / eP k|df0f ;d]t lemsfO{lgodadf]lhd k]z ug'{ eGg] o; cbfntsf] ldlt@)^@÷%÷!$÷# sf] cfb]z .

lgodadf]lhd k]zL ;"rLdf r9L k]z x'gcfPsf] k|:t't d'2fdf k'g/fj]bstkm{af6 pkl:ytlj4fg clwjQmf ljho zfSon] Hjhnkf k|f=ln=n] ltg'{ a'emfpg' kg]{ /sd To;sf] z]o/xf]N8/ Pj+lgb]{zs /fhs[i0f >]i7n] ltg'{kg]{ ul/ePsf] lg0fo{sDkgL sfg"gsf] ;j{dfGo l;4fGt k|lts"n /x]sf]5 . sDkgLdf JolQmut ¿kdf bfloTj axg ug'{gkg{] sDkgL P]g,@)%# sf] Ps k|d'v ljz]iftfklg xf] . sDkgLsf] JolQmTj / k|fs[lts JolQmsf]JolQmTj km/s–km/s 5 . z]o/jfnf wgL ePklg sDkgL 6f6 klN6g] cj:yf x'G5 . o:tf]dfz]o/jfnfnfO{ kqmg ldNb}g . sDkgL 6f6klN6;s]sf] sf/0f lgb]{zs /fhs[i0f >]i7 /sd


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ltg{ ;Sg] cj:yfdf 5}gg\ . lgb]{zs /fhs[i0f>]i7sf] bfloTj ;Lldt ePsf]df c;Lldt bfloTjnufpg] u/L ePsf] k'g/fj]bg cbfnt kf6gsf]km};nf ljlwzf:qLo b[li6sf]0faf6 ;d]t ldn]sf]gx ' Fb f pQm km };nf ab/ u/L k | ltpQ/lhsL/adf]lhd jfbLsf] bfjLaf6 km';{b ldnfO{kfpmF egL ug'{ ePsf] ax; / k|ToyL{ /]l8of] g]kfnsftkm{af6 pkl:yt ljåfg clwjQmf b'uf{k|;fbclwsf/Ln] ljkIfn] Pkm=Pd=sf7df8f}+sf] /flt (ah]b]lv !) ah];Ddsf] ! 3G6fsf] ;doaf]nsaf]naf6 jflif{s ?= !@,!@,!@(.*) sfo{qmd;~rfng ug{ egL ;Demf}tf u/L /]l8of]sf] pQm;do lnO{ sfo{qmd ;~rfng u/]sf]df /]l8of]g]kfnnfO{ ltg'{ a'emfpg' kg]{ /sd glt/]af6 k|:t'td'2f bfo/ ePsf] xf] . To;}u/L @)%%÷!@÷!b]lv vfnL ePsf] ;do /flt !)–!@ sf] ;doklg lnO{ sfo{qmd ;~rfng u/]sf x'g\ . ljkIfLaf6/]l8of] g]kfnn] lng'kg]{ @@,&(,(!).#! ePsf] /;dodf e'Qmfg gu/]sf]af6 k|rlnt sfg"gadf]lhdIfltk"lt{ ;d]t ljkIfLn] ltg'{kg]{ x'G5 . ljkIfLn]r]s g+= %*!%)# af6 ?= ^),))).– r]sg+=%*!%)$ af6 ?= %!!!!.() sf] e'QmfgLk7fPsf]df a}+sn] ( Refer to Drower) egL lkmtf{k7fPsf]af6 /sd g} gePsf] vftfsf] r]s sf6L/]l8of] g]kfnnfO{ em'Sofpg] sfo{;d]t u/]sf 5g\ .ljkIfL;Fu af/Daf/ ;Dks{ ubf{ /sd lt5'{ a'emfpF5'eGg] h:tf kqx¿ k7fpg] /sd gltg]{ u/L /]l8of]g]kfnnfO{ 7Ug] lgot /fv]sf] :ki6 5 . sDkgLeGg' g} ljkIfL :jod\ PSn} ePsf] sf/0f sDkgLnfO{b]vfO{ cfkm"n] /sd vfO{ ;+:yf 8'afpg] lgot/fv]sf] :ki6 5 . lhNnf tyf k'g/fj]bg cbfntaf6o; ;DaGwdf ljj]rgf e} ljkIfL /sd ltg'{kg]{u/L ePsf] km};nf dgfl;j x'Fbf ;b/ sfodul/kfpmF egL ug'{ ePsf] ax; ;d]t ;'lgof] .

@= pko'{Qmadf]lhdsf] ax; tyfldl;n ;d]t cWoog u/L o;df k'g/fj]bg cbfnt

kf6gsf] ldlt @)^!÷!!÷@$÷@ sf] km};nf ldn]gldn]sf] s] /x]5 lg0f{o lbg'kg]{ b]lvof] .

#= jfbL /]l8of] k|;f/ ;]jf ljsf;;ldlt -/]l8of] g]kfn_ k|ltjfbL Hjhnkf k|f=ln=aLr ePsf] s/f/adf]lhd /sd ?=@@,&(,(!).#!k|ltjfbLaf6 e/fO{ kfpmF eGg] jfbLbfjL ePsf]dfs/f/adf]lhd jfbL /]l8of] g]kfnn] lj1fkgx¿k|;f/0f gul/lbPsf] / xfn Hjhnkf k|f=ln= g}vf/]h e};s]sf]n] lkm/fb bfjLaf6 km';{b kfpmFeGg] k|ltpt/ lhsL/ /x]sf]df z'? sf7df8f}+ lhNnfcbfnt / k'g/fj]bg cbfnt kf6gn] bfjLadf]lhd/sd ltg'{kg] { egL u/]sf] km};nfpk/ d'2fbf]xf]¥ofpg] lg:;f k|fKt u/L k|:t't d'2f k]z x'gcfPsf] b]lvof] .

#= o;df /]l8of] g]kfnn] bfjLcg'¿k k|ltjfbLaf6 /sd e/fO{ lng kfpg] gkfpg]tyf k 'g/fj ]bg cbfnt kf6gsf ] ldlt@)^!÷!!÷@$÷@ sf] km};nf ldn] gldn]sf]tkm{ ljZn]if0f ubf{ s/f/ ljifoj:t' ;dflji6/x]sf] d'2fdf ;j{k|yd b'O{ kIfsf] aLrdf ePsf];Demf}tf s/f/nfO{ g} cWoog ug'{kg]{ x'G5 . ;f]cg';f/ b'j} kIfaLr ePsf] ldlt @)%%÷&÷@^÷%sf] ;Demf}tf kq x]bf{ ;f] ;Demf}tf kqsf] bkmf !@/ @) k|:t't d'2fsf ;DaGwdf ljZn]if0f ug'{kg]{cj:yfsf] b]lvG5 . pQm bkmfdf lgDg Joj:yf/x]sf kfOG5 –

!_ b'j} kIfaLr ePsf] s/f/sf] bkmf !@ M–e'QmfgLsf] xsdf jflif{s k|zf/0f z'NsdWo]k|To]s dlxgfsf] d;fGt;Ddsf] x'g cfpg]a/fa/sf] /sdsf] aLn bf];|f] dlxgfsf] !ut] låtLo kIf;dIf k]|lift ul/g]5 . pQmaLn k | f Kt ePsf ] #) lbgleqdfaLnadf]lhdsf] /sd lålto kIfn] k|ydkIfnfO{ e'QmfgL ug'{kg]{5 . ;f] ;doleqe'QmfgL gu/]df ;Demf}tf e+u u/L pQm

656656656656656

sfo{qmd aGb ug{ ;lsg]5 / pQm cf=j=leqsf] afFsL� cjlwsf] ;Dk"0f{ k|;f/0fz'Ns låtLo kIfaf6 ;/sf/L afFsL ;/xk|rlnt sfg"gadf]lhd c;"npk/ ul/g]5 .

@_ b'j} kIf aLr ePsf] s/f/sf] bkmf @)M– of] ;Demf}tfdf s'g} ljjfb jf ;d:ofpTkGg ePdf k|yd tyf l4tLo kIfsf]cfk;L ;dembf/Laf6 ;dfwfg ul/g]5 .cfk;L ;dembf/Laf6 ljjfb jf ;d:of;dfwfg gePdf k|yd kIfsf] lg0fo{ clGtdx'g]5 .

$= b'j} kIfaLr ePsf] ;Demf}tfkqsf] bkmf !@ df låtLo kIf Hjhnkf sDkgLn]/sd lt/]df k|yd kIf /]l8of] g]kfnn] lålto kIfaf6;/sf/L afFsL;/x k|rlnt sfg"gadf]lhd /sdc;"npk/ ug]{ eGg] pNn]v ePsf] kfOG5 . h;af6k|:t't ljjfbdf jfbL /]l8of] g]kfnn] ;Demf}tfdfePsf] Joj:yf cg';f/ ;/sf/L afFsL;/x k|ltjfbLk'g/fj]bsaf6 ljjflbt /sd c;"npk/ ug{sfg"gn] s'g} afwf ePsf] b]lvFb}g . /]l8of] g]kfnn];f] tkm{ s'g} sf/jfxL g} gu/L Ps} rf]6Ls/f/adf]lhd /sd lbnfO{ kfpmF egL gfln;u/]sf] b]lvof] .

%= To;}u/L k'g/fj]bs k|ltjfbL tyfjfbL /]l8of] g]kfn;Fu ePsf] ;Demf}tfsf] bkmf@)df s'g} ljjfb jf ;d:of pTkGg ePsf] k|ydtyf låtLo kIfsf] cfk;L ;dembf/Laf6 ;dfwfgul/g] / cfk;L ;dembf/Laf6 ljjfb jf ;d:of;dfwfg gePdf k|yd kIfsf] lg0f{o clGtd x'g]5eGg] Joj:yf /flvPsf] kfOG5 . k|:t't d'2fdfjfbL k|ltjfbLsf aLrdf /sd e'QmfgL ;DaGwdfljjfb pTkGg ePsf]df ;f] cg';f/ jfbL /]l8of]g]kfnn] s'g} lg0f{o tyf sf/jfxL rfn]sf] klgb]lvg cfPg .

^= k'g/fj]bs k|ltjfbL /fhs[i0fzfSon] cfˆgf] k'g/fj]bgdf d'Vo ¿kdf cfkm"Hjhnkf k|f=ln= sf] k|jGw lgb]{zs z]o/ xf]N8/dfq ePsf] / sDkgLsf] bfloTj ;Lldt x'g] tyfTo;sf] bfloTj cfkm"n] Joxf]g'{ kg]{ gx'Fbf ljkIfLsf]bfjLadf]lhd lhNnf tyf k'g/fj]bg cbfntaf6ePsf] km};nf ldn]sf] 5}g egL lhsL/ lnPsf]kfOG5 . To;tkm{ ljrf/ ubf{ lgh k'g/fj]bsn]klg jfbLnfO{ a'emfpg' kg]{ /sd ltg]{ a'empg]egL k6s–k6s kqfrf/ ul//x]sf] l:ylt b]lvG5 .o;sf ;fy} jfbL /]l8of] g]kfnnfO{ /sde'QmfgLafkt egL r]s;d]t lbPsf] / k6s–k6s/sd ltg{ a'emfpg d~h"/ /x]sf] egL jfl0flHosljZjf; ;d]t lbnfPsf] b]lvG5 . k'g/fj]bsn]xfn p7fPsf] ljjfb lghn] z'? k|ltjfb ubf{To;tkm{ s'g} lhsL/ lng ;s]sf] b]lvFb}g . csf{]tkm{o L jfbL k | ltjfbLx¿sf aLrdf ePsf ];Demf}tfcg';f/sf] sf/jfxL ePkl5sf] cj:yfdflgh k'g/fj]bsn] cfˆgf] cj:yf bzf{pg] / lg0f{ox'g] ljifo xf] . ljkIfL jfbLn] k'g/fj]bs;Fu;Demf}tfcg';f/sf] /sd e'QmfgLsf] lgldQkqfrf/df k'g/fj]bsn] xfn lnPsf] bfjLlhsL/cg'¿k k|ltjfbL u/]sf] ;d]t gkfOg'sf;fy} oL jfbL k|ltjfbLsf aLrdf ;Demf}tfcg';f/sf]sf/jfxL g} gePsf] cj:yfdf k'g/fj]bsn] p7fPsf]lhsL/x¿sf ;DaGwdf xfn ;f]tkm{ ljj]rgful//xg' kg]{ b]lvPg .

&= jfbL k|ltjfbLx¿sf aLrdfePsf] ;Demf}tfsf] k|fjwfgcg';f/ /]l8of] g]kfnn]cfkm"n] c;"n ug'{kg]{ /sdsf ;DaGwdf ;Demf}tfkqsf] bkmf !@ / @) tkm{ s'g} Wofg glbO{ tyfs'g} lg0f{o gu/L, ;/sf/L afFsL ;/x c;"npk/ug]{tkm{sf] sf/jfxL grnfO{ ;Lw} s/f/adf]lhd/sd lbnfO{ kfpmF egL k|:t't gfn]; u/]sf] b]lvof] .s'g} klg ljjfb cbfntdf Goflos ;dfwfgsf]nflu k|:t't ug'{k"j{ cfk;df ul/Psf ;dembf/L


657657657657657


k"0f{ ¿kdf kfng Pj+ cjnDjg ul/Psf] x'g'kb{5 .cbfntdf ljjfb clGtd ljsNksf ¿kdf dfqk|:t't x'g] x'G5 . cfkm"x¿df lglxt ljsNkx¿sf]k|of]u gu/L Ps}rf]6L Goflos ljsNksf ¿kdfk|:t't x'g ;+k|lt1fTds sfg"gsf] l;4fGtn] ldNg]b]lvFb}g .

*= ctM ;Demf}tf kqsf] bkmf !@ /@) sf] k|lqmof k"/f gu/L bfo/ u/]sf] k|:t'tlkm/fb kqaf6 ljjfbsf] lg/f]k0f x'g g;Sg] x'Fbfk|:t't lkm/fb vf/]h x'g] 7x5{ . lkm/fb vf/]h u/L;Demf}tfkqsf] k|lqmof cjnDag ug{ egL ;'gfpg'kg]{df /sd e/L kfpg] u/L 7x/ o/]sf] z'?sf7df8f}{ lhNnf cbfntsf] km};nf ;b/ ug]{ u/LePsf ] k 'g/fj ]bg cbfnt kf6gsf ] ldlt@)^!÷!!÷!$÷@ sf] km};nf ldn]sf] gb]lvFbfpN6L x'G5 .

(= ca ;Demf}tfsf] bkmf @) sf]Joj:yfadf]lhd cfk;L ;dembf/Låf/f ljjfb;dfwfg ug{ ljkIfLnfO{ hfgsf/L lbO{ cfk;L;dembf/Lsf] sf/afO{ cufl8 a9fpg / olb cfk;L;dembf/Ldf ljkIfLn] ;xof]u gu/]df jf cfk;L;dembf/Laf6 ljjfb ;dfwfg x'g g;s]sf]dfljkIfL jfbL /]l8of] k|;f/ ;]jf ljsf; ;ldltsf]lg0f{o clGtd x'g]5 / /sd ;/sf/L afFsL ;/xc;"n ug{;Sg]5 eGg] ;Demf}tfn] g} ljkIfL jfbLnfO{lg0f{o ug]{ clwsf/ lbPsf] x'Fbf k|df0fsf] d"NofÍgu/L c;"npk/ ug]{ cfjZos lg0f{o ug'{ egLljkIfL jfbL /]l8of] g]kfn / k|ltjfbLnfO{ ;'gfO{lbg' . ;fy} lg0f{osf] hfgsf/L /]l8of] k|;f/ ;]jfljsf; ;ldlt -/]l8of] g]kfn_ l;Fxb/jf/nfO{ lbO{ldl;n lgodfg';f/ a'emfOlbg' .pQm /fodf d ;xdt 5' .

Gof=an/fd s]=;L=Olt ;+jt\ @)^% ;fn ebf} ( ut] /f]h @ df z'ed\Ohnf; clws[t – /fh]Gb|s'df/ cfrfo{

lg0f{o g+= *!#) ;fpg, @)^^

;jf]{Rr cbfnt, ;o'Qm Ohnf;dfggLo GofofwLz >L jn/fd s]=;L

dfggLo GofofwLz >L lu/Lz rGb| nfn;+jt\ @)^# ;fnsf] l/=g+=#$%%

cfb]z ldltM @)^%.!!.*.%d'2fM pTk|]if0f o'Qm k/dfb]z .

lgj]bsM sf=lh=sf=g+ kf jf=g+= #@ df cjl:ytg]kfn Sofgd'sfg s/fFt] 8f] ;+3sf]tkm{af6 clVtof/k|fKt P]=sf cWoIf eO{cfkm\gf] xsdf ;d]t P] j:g] hgs ;'j]bL

lj?4ljkIfLM g]kfn ;/sf/, ef}lts of]hgf tyf lgdf{0f

dGqfno, l;+xb/jf/ sf7df8f+} ;d]t

§ k |rlnt sfg "g ljk/Lt gx 'g ] /k |rlnt sfg "g ljk/Lt gx 'g ] /k |rlnt sfg "g ljk/Lt gx 'g ] /k |rlnt sfg "g ljk/Lt gx 'g ] /k |rlnt sfg "g ljk/Lt gx 'g ] /gful/sx¿sf] xs xgg\ gx'g] afx]sgful/sx¿sf] xs xgg\ gx'g] afx]sgful/sx¿sf] xs xgg\ gx'g] afx]sgful/sx¿sf] xs xgg\ gx'g] afx]sgful/sx¿sf] xs xgg\ gx'g] afx]scGo h'g;'s} ljifodf sfo{sfl/0fLcGo h'g;'s} ljifodf sfo{sfl/0fLcGo h'g;'s} ljifodf sfo{sfl/0fLcGo h'g;'s} ljifodf sfo{sfl/0fLcGo h'g;'s} ljifodf sfo{sfl/0fLclwsf/ k |of ]u u/L k |wfgdGqLn]clwsf/ k |of ]u u/L k |wfgdGqLn]clwsf/ k |of ]u u/L k |wfgdGqLn]clwsf/ k |of ]u u/L k |wfgdGqLn]clwsf/ k |of ]u u/L k |wfgdGqLn]lg0f {o ug{ ;S5 . o:tf ] gLltutlg0f {o ug{ ;S5 . o:tf ] gLltutlg0f {o ug{ ;S5 . o:tf ] gLltutlg0f {o ug{ ;S5 . o:tf ] gLltutlg0f {o ug{ ;S5 . o:tf ] gLltutlg0f{o ug{;Sg] k|wfgdGqLdf sfg"gLlg0f{o ug{;Sg] k|wfgdGqLdf sfg"gLlg0f{o ug{;Sg] k|wfgdGqLdf sfg"gLlg0f{o ug{;Sg] k|wfgdGqLdf sfg"gLlg0f{o ug{;Sg] k|wfgdGqLdf sfg"gLclwsf/sf ] cnfjf cGtlg {x Ltclwsf/sf ] cnfjf cGtlg {x Ltclwsf/sf ] cnfjf cGtlg {x Ltclwsf/sf ] cnfjf cGtlg {x Ltclwsf/sf ] cnfjf cGtlg {x Ltclwsf/;d]t /xg] .clwsf/;d]t /xg] .clwsf/;d]t /xg] .clwsf/;d]t /xg] .clwsf/;d]t /xg] .

-k|s/0f g+=#_§ ;fj {hlgs ;/f ]sf/sf ] ljjfb /;fj {hlgs ;/f ]sf/sf ] ljjfb /;fj {hlgs ;/f ]sf/sf ] ljjfb /;fj {hlgs ;/f ]sf/sf ] ljjfb /;fj {hlgs ;/f ]sf/sf ] ljjfb /

To;df ;+j}wflgs / sfg"gL k|ZgTo;df ;+j}wflgs / sfg"gL k|ZgTo;df ;+j}wflgs / sfg"gL k|ZgTo;df ;+j}wflgs / sfg"gL k|ZgTo;df ;+j}wflgs / sfg"gL k|Zg;dfj]z ePsf] lhsL/ lnO{ pkrf/;dfj]z ePsf] lhsL/ lnO{ pkrf/;dfj]z ePsf] lhsL/ lnO{ pkrf/;dfj]z ePsf] lhsL/ lnO{ pkrf/;dfj]z ePsf] lhsL/ lnO{ pkrf/vf]Hg cfpg] JolQmn] lg:jfy{¿kdfvf]Hg cfpg] JolQmn] lg:jfy{¿kdfvf]Hg cfpg] JolQmn] lg:jfy{¿kdfvf]Hg cfpg] JolQmn] lg:jfy{¿kdfvf]Hg cfpg] JolQmn] lg:jfy{¿kdf;kmf xft lnO{ cfpg' kg]{ .;kmf xft lnO{ cfpg' kg]{ .;kmf xft lnO{ cfpg' kg]{ .;kmf xft lnO{ cfpg' kg]{ .;kmf xft lnO{ cfpg' kg]{ .

-k|s/0f g+=%_§ k | lq mofut ¿kdf sfo {sf l/0 f Lk | lq mofut ¿kdf sfo {sf l/0 f Lk | lq mofut ¿kdf sfo {sf l/0 f Lk | lq mofut ¿kdf sfo {sf l/0 f Lk | lq mofut ¿kdf sfo {sf l/0 f L

clwsf/ k |of ]u u/L k |wfgdGqLn]clwsf/ k |of ]u u/L k |wfgdGqLn]clwsf/ k |of ]u u/L k |wfgdGqLn]clwsf/ k |of ]u u/L k |wfgdGqLn]clwsf/ k |of ]u u/L k |wfgdGqLn]dlGqkl/ifb\af6 lg0f{o u/L ;/sf/LdlGqkl/ifb\af6 lg0f{o u/L ;/sf/LdlGqkl/ifb\af6 lg0f{o u/L ;/sf/LdlGqkl/ifb\af6 lg0f{o u/L ;/sf/LdlGqkl/ifb\af6 lg0f{o u/L ;/sf/L:jfldTjdf /xg] u/L / cfjZos:jfldTjdf /xg] u/L / cfjZos:jfldTjdf /xg] u/L / cfjZos:jfldTjdf /xg] u/L / cfjZos:jfldTjdf /xg] u/L / cfjZos

658658658658658

*!#) *!#) *!#) *!#) *!#) - g]kfn Sofgd'sfg s/f+t] 8f] ;+3 lj= ef}=of]= tyf lg= dGqfno ;d]t g]kfn Sofgd'sfg s/f+t] 8f] ;+3 lj= ef}=of]= tyf lg= dGqfno ;d]t g]kfn Sofgd'sfg s/f+t] 8f] ;+3 lj= ef}=of]= tyf lg= dGqfno ;d]t g]kfn Sofgd'sfg s/f+t] 8f] ;+3 lj= ef}=of]= tyf lg= dGqfno ;d]t g]kfn Sofgd'sfg s/f+t] 8f] ;+3 lj= ef}=of]= tyf lg= dGqfno ;d]t

k/ ]sf a ]nf lkmtf { lng ] u/Lk/ ]sf a ]nf lkmtf { lng ] u/Lk/ ]sf a ]nf lkmtf { lng ] u/Lk/ ]sf a ]nf lkmtf { lng ] u/Lk/ ]sf a ]nf lkmtf { lng ] u/Lef ]uf lwsf/;Dd lbg ] u/L u/ ]sf ]ef ]uf lwsf/;Dd lbg ] u/L u/ ]sf ]ef ]uf lwsf/;Dd lbg ] u/L u/ ]sf ]ef ]uf lwsf/;Dd lbg ] u/L u/ ]sf ]ef ]uf lwsf/;Dd lbg ] u/L u/ ]sf ]dlGqkl/ifb\sf] lg0f{odf s'g} sfg"gLdlGqkl/ifb\sf] lg0f{odf s'g} sfg"gLdlGqkl/ifb\sf] lg0f{odf s'g} sfg"gLdlGqkl/ifb\sf] lg0f{odf s'g} sfg"gLdlGqkl/ifb\sf] lg0f{odf s'g} sfg"gLq"l6 gb]lvg] .q"l6 gb]lvg] .q"l6 gb]lvg] .q"l6 gb]lvg] .q"l6 gb]lvg] .

-k|s/0f g+=&_

lgjb]s tkm{af6M ljåfg clwjQmfx¿ >L xl/ZrGb|;'j]bL, >L kbdaxfb'/ >]i7 / >Ltf/fs'df/ >]i7

ljkIfL tkm{af6M ljåfg ;xGofoflwjQmf >L7f ]sk |;fb l;jfsf ]6L tyf ljåfgclwjQmfåo >L k|sfz /fpt, >Lu0f]zk|;fb b'nfn

cjnlDjt ghL/M;Da4 sfg"gM§ ;+ljwfgsf] wf/f #%-@_ / **-@_

cfb]zGof=an/fd s]=;L=Gof=an/fd s]=;L=Gof=an/fd s]=;L=Gof=an/fd s]=;L=Gof=an/fd s]=;L=Mg]kfn clw/fHosf]

;+ljwfg, @)$& sf] wf/f @# / ** -@_ cGtu{to; cbfntdf bfo/ ePsf] k|:t't l/6sf] ;+lIfKttYo Pj+ lg0f{o o; k|sf/ 5 M–

d lgj]bs g]kfnL gful/s ePsf] / s/f+Ft]v]n v]Ng rfxgf /fVg] JolQm ePsf]n] s/f+Ft]v]nnfO{ g]kfndf ;d]t ;+:yfut ¿kdf ljsf;ug] { O{R5f ePsf]n] d]/f ] ;lqmotfdf ldlt@)%*.*.!!.! df g]kfn Sofgd'sfg s/fFt] 8f];+3 ljlwjt btf{ u/L o; ;+3n] s/f+Ft] v]nf8Lx¿sf]pTkfbg u/L b]z ljb]zdf x'g] ljleGg /fli6«otyf cGt/flijf:{6«o v]ndf o; ;+:yfsf tkm{af6efu ;d]t lnO{ g]kfnsf] gfd s/fFt] v]ndf pRr/fv]sf] 5 . o; ;+:yfsf] cfkm\gf] ejg hUufgePsfn ] l; Fxb/jf/ If ]qsf ] :jLs [tu'?of]hgfcg'¿k l;+xb/jf/ sDkfp08 jflx/ kg{uPsf] cgfdgu/ xg'dfg:yfg cyf{t sf=lh= sfd =g=kf= jf=g+ #@ sf] ls=g+=! sf] If]qkmn )–$–

@–# hUuf / ;f] hUufdf jg]sf] hL0f{ 3/ ePsf]n];f] 3/ hUuf pkef]usf] nflu sf=d=g=kf= dflgj]bg ubf{ lgj]bsnfO{ pkef]u ug{ lbPsf]n] o;;+:yfn] ? % nfveGbf j9L vr{ u/L 3/ dd{t;+ef/ u/L ;f] 3/df s/fFt] v]nsf] k|lzIf0f lbO{b}cfPsf] 5 . ;fy} s/La b'O{ nfveGbf j9L vr{u/L ;f]df dflyNnf] tnf lgdf{0f u/L o; ;+3n]ckmL; ;~rfng / v]n k|lzIf0f lbb}cfPsf] 5 .

pQm 3/ hUuf ;fj{hlgs 3/ hUuf xf]/ o:tf] ;fj{hlgs hUuf s;}nfO{ lbg ldNb}g .o:tf] ;fj{hlgs 3/ hUuf g]kfn ;/sf/n] ljleGgJolQm tyf ;fj{hlgs p2]Zo gePsf ;+3;+:yfnfO{ cyf{t ;/sf/df a:g] ljkIfLn] cfkm\gfdfG5]nfO{ kbsf] b'?kof]u u/L To:tf] hUuf g]kfn;/sf/nfO{ ;do–;dodf ;fj{hlgs hUuf 3/;+3 ;+:yfnfO{ lbg gldNg] egL lgb]{zg lbO/x]sf]dfk|wfgdGqL ePsf jvt cfkm\g} >LdtL cWoIfePsf] Jofj;flos ;+:yfnfO{ ef]uflwsf/ lbg] egLlg0f{o u/]sf]n] ;f] s'/f yfxf kfO{ tTsfn} btf{ g+=!!)&! ldlt @)^!.!!.!& df n] cfkm\gf] kbsf]b'?kof]u u/L e|i6frf/hGo sfo{ u/L cfkm\g}>LdtL cWoIf ePsf] ;+:yfnfO{ ;fj{hlgs 3/hUufsf] ef]uflwsf/ lbg] sfo{ u/]sf] sf/jfxLul/kfpFm egL lbPsf] ph"/Ldf xfn;Dd s'g}sf/jfxL gePsf] / lgj]bsn] pkef]u ul//x]sf]3/df k|x/Ln] 3/ vfnL ug{ bjfj lbPsf]n] ;f]pk/ k'=j]=c kf6gdf lgif]w1f d'2f btf{ u/]sf]dfldlt @)^).@.!% df cGtl/d cfb]z;d]t hf/LePsf] 5 .

ljkIfL lgsfon] ;/sf/L hUufsf ]ef]uflwsf/ pknJw u/fpg];DaGwL sfo{gLlt@)%( hf/L u/L ;fj{hlgs hUuf s'g} klg ;+3;+:yfnfO{ / lgsfonfO{ ef]uflwsf/ pknJw u/fpg]sfo{ ljkIfLsf] kbsf] b'?kof]u u/L e|i6frf/hGosfo{ xf] / o; ;jf]{Rr cbfntaf6 ljleGg;fj{hlgs ;/f]sf/sf] ljifosf d'2fdf ;fj{hlgs

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hUuf, jgIf]q s'g} ;+3 ;+:yfnfO{ lbg gldNg]egL l;4fGt;d]t sfod eO/x]sf] cj:yfdfTo;nfO{ j]jf:tf u/L u/]sf] lg0f{o :jtM ab/efuL5 .

;f] 3/ g]kfndf s/fFt] v]nsf] ljsf;ug{ :yfgLo g=kf n] :yfgLo :jfoQ zf;g P]g@)%% sf] bkmf (# -s_ (^ -`_ -#_ ;d]tsf]clwsf/ k|of]u u/L lgj]bsn] pkef]u u/L /x]sf]dflagfsf/0f df]/ df]nflxhfdf k/L ljkIfL nfO{ ;f]hUuf pknJw u/fpg] sfo{ pQm sfg"gL Joj:yfsf]ljk/Lt 5 .

ctM dfly plNnlvt tYo tyf sfg"gsfcfwf/df o;} lgj]bg kq ;fy ;+nUg ljkIfLsf]ldlt @)^!.(.!( sf] lg0f{o ;+ljwfgsf] wf/f!!,!@,!&,@# ** -@_ dfnkf]t P\]g @)#$ sf]bkmf @$ lgjf/0f P]g @)%( sf] bkmf #, * / !&tyf ;jf]{Rr cbfntaf6 sfod l;4fGtx¿;d]tsf] ljk/Lt ePsf]n] ;f] lg0f{o ;+ljwfgsf]wf/f ** -@_ adf]lhd pTk|]if0fsf] cfb]zn] ab/u/L ;f] ls=g +! sf] hUuf ;fj{hlgs sfod ul/kfpmF/ ldlt @)^!.!!.!& df b=g +!!)&! df btf{ePsf] ph"/Ldf clanDj sfg"gadf]lhd sf/jfxLug'{ egL ljkIfLsf gfddf k/dfb]z nufot cGohf] rflxg] cf1f cfb]z jf k"hL{ hf/L ul/kfpmF .;fy} ljkIfLn] ;f] ;fj{hlgs hUufdf 3/ lgdf{0fu/]df of] d'2fdf km};nf x'Fbf lgik|of]hgxLg x'g]ePsf]n] o; d'2fsf] clGtd lsgf/f gx'Gh]n;DdljkIfLsf] lg0f{o sfof{Gjog gug'{ gu/fpg' egLljkIfLx¿sf] gfddf cGtl/d cfb]z ;d]t hf/Lul/kfpFm eGg] ;d]t g]kfn Sofgd'sfg s/fFt] 8f];+3sf] tkm{af6 k/]sf] l/6 lgj]bg .

o;df s] s;f] ePsf] xf] < lgj]bssf]dfuadf]lhdsf] cfb]z lsg hf/L x'g gkg]{ xf] <of] cfb]z k|fKt ePsf] ldltn] af6fsf Dofb afx]s!% lbgleq ;DalGwt ldl;n;fy /fvLdxfGofoflwjQmfsf] sfof{nodfkm{t lnlvt hjfkm

k7fpg' egL l/6 lgj]bgsf] Ps k|lt gSsn ;fy}/fvL ljkIfL dfnkf]t sfof{no rf/vfn ;d]tnfO{;"rgf k7fO{ To;sf] jf]wfy{ dxfGofoflwQmfsf]sfof{nodf k7fO{ lbg" . lgj]bssf] dfuadf]lhsf]cfb]z lsg hf/L x'g gkg]{ xf] < of] cfb]z k|fKtePsf] ldltn] af6fsf Dofbafx]s !% lbgleqlnvt hjfkm lnO{ cfkm} jf cfk\mgf] k|ltlglwåf/fpkl:yt x'g' egL l/6 lgj]bgsf] Ps k|lt gSsn;fy}/fvL ljkIfL z]/axfb'/ b]pjf;d]tnfO{ ;DalGwtlhNnf cbfntdfkm{t ;"rgf k7fO{ lnlvt hjfkmcfPkl5 jf cjlw gf3]kl5 lgodadf]lhd cfb]zk]z ug"{ . o;df ljkIfL jgfOPsf] clVtof/b'?kof]u cg';Gwfg cfof]usf] s'g} ;+nUgtfgb]lvPsf]n] pQm cfof]uaf6 lnlvt hjfkm lemsfO{/xg' k/]g ;fy} tTsfnLg >L % sf] ;/sf/af6ldlt @)^!.(.!( df ePsf] lg0f{o ;fj{hlgslxtljk/Lt ;d]t ePsf]n] ab/ u/L kfpg k|:t'tlgj]bg k/]sf]n] lgj]bgdf plNnlvt 3/hUufsf]xsdf o; l/6 lgj]bgsf] clGtd lg0f{o geP;DdpQm ldlt @)^!.(.!( sf] lg0f{o sfof{Gjog gug'{gu/fpg' egL lnlvt hjfkm dfu ePsfljkIfLx¿sf] gfddf cGtl/d cfb]z hf/L ul/Psf]5 . ;f]sf] hgfp ljkIfLx¿nfO{ lbg' eGg] o;cbfntsf] cfb]z .

d"ntM g]kfn Joj:yfkg ;+3 g]kfnsf]Joj:yfkg If]qsf] lasf;sf nflu ljut @% jif{b]lv lg/Gt/¿kdf sfo{ ub}{ cfPsf] Ps ;fdflhs;+:yf xf] . o; ;+3sf xfn s/Lj !&)) -Psxhf/ ;ft ;o_ ;fwf/0f ;b:o ;+Vof /x]sf] 5 .of] ljz'4 ;fdflhs ;+:yf xf], of] ;+:yf s'g} klgJolQmut ¿kdf sfo{ ug]{ ;+:yf xf]Og .

o; g]kfn Joj:yfkg ;+3nfO{ ;fdflhssfo{sf] nflu 3/ hUufsf] cfjZostf k/]sf]dfl;Fxb/jf/ If]qsf] :jLs[t u'?of]hgfcg'¿kl;+xb/jf/ sDkfp08aflx/ kg{ uPsf] cgfdgu/xg'dfg:yfg pQ/tkm{sf] )–$–@–# If]qkmn hUuf

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/ ;f]df /x]sf] Ps tNn] 3/ >L % sf] ;/sf/sf]:jfldTjdf /x]sf ]df ldlt @)%!.%.( sf ]dGqL:t/sf] lg0f{oaf6 j8f k|x/L sfof{nonfO{pknJw u/fPsf]df j8f k|x/Ln] k|of]u ug{ 5f]8]kl5k'gM @)%^.&.!@ sf] ;lrj:t/sf] lg0f{oaf6;f];fO6L ckm g]kfn cfls{6]S6nfO{ pknJwu/fPsf]df pQm lgsfon] k|of]u gubf{ k|of]uxLgcj:yfdf /x]sfn] o; g]kfn Joj:yfkg ;+3n]ef]uflwsf/sf] nflu tTsfnLg >L % sf] ;/sf/xfn g]kfn ;/sf/;dIf cg'/f]w ubf{ tTsfnLg>L % sf] ;/sf/ dlGqkl/ifb\sf] ldlt @)^!.(.(sf] lg0f{ocg';f/ ef]uflwsf/ k|bfg u/]sf] sfo{sfg"g;Ddt 5 .

ljkIfL l/6 lgj]bsnfO{ sf7df08f}dxfgu/kflnsf j8f g+=#@ n] >L % sf] ;/sf/nfO{rflxPsf] avt 5f]8g] u/L pQm 3/ hUuf pkef]uug{ lbg] clwsf/ sbflk 5}g . pQm 3/ hUufsf];jf{lwsf/ ;DkGg eg]sf] l;Fxb/jf/ k'gM lgdf{0fkl/of]hgf xf] . h;n] pQm 3/hUuf cfkm"nfO{cfjZos gePdf s;nfO{ lbg ;S5 egL g]kfn;/sf/ dlGqkl/ifb\;dIf l;kmfl/z;Dd ug{;Sg]cj:yf 5, h;n] ldlt @)^!.(.& df r=g+ $@% sfkqadf]lhd lnlvt hjfkmjfnf g]kfn Joj:yfkg;+3nfO{ ef]uflwsf/ pknJw u/fpg] l;kmfl/z;d]tu/]sf] cfwf/df ldlt @)^!.(.!( df dlGqkl/ifbaf6lg0f{o ePsf] 5 . o;/L l;kmfl/z ug]{ ;+:yfnfO{ljkIfL agfpg g;s]sf] cj:yfdf ljkIfLsf] l/6lgj]bg :jtM u}/sfg"gL 5 .

ctM pk/f]Qm k|s/0fx¿df jl0f{t ul/Psf]tYo P+j sfg"gx¿sf cfwf/x¿df ljkIfL l/6lgj]bssf] l/6 lgj]bg;d]t c=j+= !*) g+=adf]lhd vf/]h u/L ;Ddflgt cbfntaf6 ldlt@)^#.@.@( ut] ePsf] cGtl/d cfb]z;d]t ab/u/L OG;fkm kfpmF eGg] ;d]t g]kfn Joj:yfkg;+3 tyf P]=sf cWoIf sf] tkm{af6 k]z ePsf]lnlvt hjfkm .

k|:t't l/6 lgj]bgdf ljkIfLn] p7fpg'ePsf] s'/f k|ydtM ;fj{hlgs ljjfbs} xf] lsxf]Og lgSof}{n g} gePsf] ljifo xf] . bf];|f],;fj{hlgs ;/sf]/sf] ljjfb;Dd /x]5 ls egLPs l5gnfO{ dfGbf klg cfBf]kfGt l/6 lgj]bgdfs'g} ;j}wflgs / sfg"gL k|Zg l/6 lgj]bsn] p7fO{lg/f]k0f u/fO{ kfpmF egL bfjL lng ;Sg' ePsf]5}g . ;j}wflgs / sfg"gL k|Zg pkl:yt g} gePsf]slyt ;fj{hlgs ;/f]sf/sf] ljjfbdf ;+ljwfgsf]wf/f ** -@_ cfslif{t gx'g] ePsf]n] l/6 lgj]bgvf/]hefuL 5 .

cfkm" k|wfgdGqL ePsf] ;dodf cfkm\g}>LdtL cWoIf ePsf] ;+:yfnfO{ pQm ls=g= sf]3/hUuf lbPsf] eGg] tYo;d]t d]/f] /fhgLltsrl/qdf cfwft k'–ofpg] leqL clek|fo lnO{ pNn]vul/Psf]df s'g} ljjfb 5}g . >LdtL cWoIf ePsf]sf/0fn] pQm ls=g= ! sf] 3/hUuf ef]uflwsf/lbg] lg0f{o ePsf] xf]Og . pQm 3/ hUuf g]kfn;/sf/nfO{ cfjZos k/]sf jvt lkmtf{ lng] u/Lef]uflwsf/ pknJw u/fpg >L % sf] ;/sf/sfo{;Dkfbg lgodfjnL, @)$& sf] cg';"rL !sf] v08 -s_ @% cg';f/ sfg"gadf]lhd k|:tfjk]z u/]kl5 ldlt @)^!.(.!( df tTsfnLg >L %sf] ;/sf/ dlGqkl/ifb\af6 ef]uflwsf/ lbg] u/LePsf] lg0f{odf s'g} klg sfg"gsf] q'l6 ePsf]5}g . pQm 3/ hUuf g]kfn ;/sf/nfO{ cfjfZosk/]df lkmtf{ lng ;Sg] kfpg] s'/f klg plQs}:ki6 5 . g]kfn ;/sf/sf] clwsf/If]qleqsf]ljifonfO{ cGoyf eGg ldNg] x}g . ctM ljkIfLsf]cfwf/xLg l/6 lgj]bg vf/]h ul/kfpmF eGg] ;d]tz]/axfb'/ b]pjfsf] tkm{af6 k]z ePsf] lnlvthjfkm .

;j{k|yd k|:t't l/6 lgj]bgdf o;dGqfnosf] gfd ljkIfL dxndf /fVg' afx]s o;dGqfnosf] s] s:tf] sfd sf/jfxLaf6 lgj]bssfxs clwsf/sf] xgg\ x'g uPsf] xf] ;f] s'/f l/6


661661661661661


lgj]bgdf sxLF st} pNn]v;Dd x'g ;s]sf]kfOFb}g .

l;Fxb/jf/ If]qsf] :jLs[t u'?of]hgfcg'¿k l;Fxb/jf/ sDkfp08aflx/ kg{ uPsf]cgfdgu/ xg'dfg:yfg pQ/tkm{sf] pQm hUuf/ ;f]df ag]sf] 3/df ef]uflwsf/ :yflkt ug{;d]t cfjZos ePsf] / g]kfn Joj:yfkg ;+3n];f] 3/ hUufsf] ef]uflwsf/ pknJw u/fpg cg'/f]weO{ cfPsf]n] g]kfn ;/sf/nfO{ cfjZos k/]sfjvt lkmtf{ lng] u/L pQm 3/ / ;f]n] rr]{sf]hUuf;d]t k|of]u ug{ g]kfn Joj:yfkg ;+3nfO{pknJw u/fpg] u/L tTsfnLg >L % sf] ;/sf/-dlGqkl/ifb\_ af6 ldlt @)^!.(.!( df lg0f{oePsf] xf] . ;f] 3/ hUuf g]kfn ;/sf/nfO{cfjZos k/]df h'g;'s} jvt lkmtf{ lng ;lsg]g} x'Fbf k|:t't l/6 lgj]bg vf/]hefuL 5 eGg];d]t ef}lts of]hgf tyf lgdf{0f dGqfnosf]lnlvt hjfkm .

ljkIfL l/6 lgj]bsn] o; sfof{nosf] s]s:tf] sfd sf/jfxLaf6 lghsf] s] s:tf] xsclwsf/sf] xgg\ ePsf] xf], To;sf] :ki6 lhsL/glnO{ lagfcfwf/ / sf/0f o; sfof{no ;d]tnfO{k|ToyL{ jgfO{ lbPsf] l/6 lgj]bg vf/]hefuL 5 .

dlGqkl/ifb\af6 sfg"gadf]lhd ePsf]lg0f{osf] ljifonfO{ lnP/ o; sfof{non] ljkIfLagfPsf] l/6 cfwf/xLg ePsf]n] vf/]hefuL x'Fbfvf/]h ul/kfpmF eGg] ;d]t k|wfgdGqL tyfdlGqkl/ifb\sf] sfof{nosf] tkm{af6 k]z ePsf]lnlvt hjfkm .

lgodadf]lhd b}lgs k]zL ;"rLdf r9Lcfh o; Ohnf;;dIf k]z x'g cfPsf] k|:t'tl/6 lgj]bgdf ldl;n ;+nUg sfuh k|df0fx¿sf]cWoog u/L lgj]bs tkm{af6 pkl:yt ljåfgclwjQmfx¿ >L xl/ZrGb| ;'j]bL, >L kbdaxfb'/>]i7 / >L tf/fs'df/ >]i7n] lgj]bgdf plNnlvt3/ hUufdf lgj]bsn] sf=d=g=kf=af6 pkef]u

ug{sf] nflu ;xdlt lnO{ cfjZos dd{t;+ef/ug{ cfly{s nufgL;d]t u/L al;cfPsf] / u}/gfkmfd"ns ;fdflhs sfd v]n k|lzIf0f ub}{ cfPsf]5 . pQm 3/hUuf ;/sf/sf] :jfldTjdf /x]sf];fj{hlgs ;DklQ xf] / ;fj{hlgs k|of]udf /x]sf]5 . o:tf] ;fj{hlgs ;DklQsf] ;+/If0f ug'{ ;j}gful/ssf] st{Jo ePsf]n] lgj]bsx¿n] To;sf];+/If0f ug{ nufgL;d]t u/L pkef]u ul//x]sf]cj:yfdf nufgL ug]{nfO{ pkef]u ug{ lbg'kg]{;fdfGo l;4fGt xf] . ;f]xLcg'¿k sf=d=g=kf=n]pQm ;DklQ lgj]bsnfO{ pkef]u ug{ lbPsf]dfljkIfL g++ $ k|wfgdGqL ePsf] cj:yfdf lghsf]>LdtL cWoIf ePsf] ljkIfL g]kfn Joj:yfkg;+3nfO{ pQm 3/ hUufsf] ef]uflwsf/ lbg] lg0f{otTsfnLg dlGqkl/ifb\af6 eP5 . lnlvt hjfkmdfljut @% jif{b]lv sfo{ ub}{ cfPsf] elgPsf] ljkIfLg]kfn Joj:yfkg ;+3nfO{ ljkIfL g++ $ k|wfgdGqLePsf] / >LdtL pQm ;+3sf] cWoIf ePsf] cj;/kf/L lgj]bsn] pkef]u u/]sf] pQm 3/hUufsf]ef]uflwsf/ lbg] lg0f{o ug'{nfO{ ;+of]u eGg ldNb}g .pQm lg0f{o /fhgLlts cf:yf / cfu|x k"jf{u|xsf]cfwf/df ePsf] xf] / To:tf] s'g} lsl;dsf] k|efjdfk/L ul/Psf] lg0f{o e|i6«frf/hGo x'G5 . ;/sf/Lkbsf] b'?kof]u ul/Psf] pQm lg0f{o ab/efuL5 . To;}u/L ;/sf/L ;DklQ s'g} klg Jofj;flos;+:yfnfO{ lbg ldNb}g egL o;} ;Ddflgtcbfntaf6 tdfd lg0f{ox¿df l;4fGtx¿k|ltkfbg e}/x]sf] ;Gbe{df ;d]t ljkIfLx¿n];fj{hlgs kbsf] b'?kof]u u/L ljkIfL g]kfnJoj:yfkg ;+3nfO{ ef]uflwsf/ lbg] u/L ul/Psf]lg0f{o ab/ u/L ;fj{hlgs ;DklQsf] ;+/If0f ug{lgj]bs ;fdflhs ;+:yfn] pkef]u u/]sf] 3/hUufoyfjt pkef]u ug{ lbg' egL hf] rflxg] cf1fcfb]z hf/L ul/kfpmF egL ug'{ ePsf] ax; ;'lgof] .

To;} u/L ljkIfL z]/axfb'/ b]pjfsf]tkm{af6 pkl:yt laåfg clwjQmf >L k|sfz

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/fptn] lgj]bsn] l/6 lgj]bgdf p7fpg' ePsf]k|Zg ;fj{hlgs ;/f]sf/sf] ljifo xf]Og . ;/sf/;/sf/L ;DklQsf] ;+/If0f / Joj:yfkg ug{ :jtGq/ ;Ifd x'G5 . To:tf] ;DklQ xs x:tfGt/0f u/LlbPsf] gx'Fbf kbsf] b'?kof]u u/]sf] eGg ldNb}g .g]kfn Joj:yfkg ;+3nfO{ ljjflbt 3/hUuf;/sf/n] cfjZos k/]sf avt lkmtf{ lng] u/Lef]uflwsf/;Dd lbPsf] xf] . To;/L ef]uflwsf/lb+bf klg lglZrt k|lqmof k"/f u/L ;DalGwtdGqfnoaf6 dlGqkl/ifb\df k|:tfj cfPkl5 5nkmnu/L lg0f{o ePsf] x'Fbf pQm lg0f{onfO{ kbsf]b'?kof]u / u}/sfg"gL eGg ldNb}g . To;}u/L;fj{hlgs ;/f]sf/sf] ljifodf lgj]bg ubf{ cfk\mgf]:jfy{ ufFl;g' x'Fb}g . t/, oxfF lgj]bs cfk"mn]ljjflbt 3/hUufsf] pkef]u ul//x]sf] cfwf/df;f]xL :jfy{af6 k|]l/t eP/ l/6 If]qdf cfPsf]cj:yfdf 5 . t;y{ plNnlvt cfwf/df k|:t'tl/6 vf/]h x'g'k5{ egL ug'{ ePsf] ax; ;'lgof] .

To:t} ljkIfL g]kfn Joj:yfkg ;+3sf]tkm{af6 pkl:yt ljåfg clwjQmf >L u0f]zk|;fbb'nfnn] g]kfn Joj:yfkg ;+3 lgj]bsn] cf/f]lktu/] h:tf] Jofj;flos ;+:yf geO{ laut @% jif{b]lv ;~rflnt ljz'4 ;fdflhs ;+:yf xf] . o:tf];+:yfn] ;fj{hlgs ;DklQsf] ¿kdf /x]sf] ljjflbt3/hUuf pkef]usf] nflu ;/sf/;Fu cg'/f]wu/]sf]df ;/sf/n] ;DalGwt laleGg lgsfox¿df;f]wvf]h n]vfk9L u/L cfjZos k|lqmofx¿ k"/fu/L dlGqkl/ifb\af6 lg0f{o u/L ef]uflwsf/;DdlbPsf] xf] . o:tf] a}wflgs lg0f{onfO{{ u}/sfg"gLeGg ldNb}g . ;/sf/L ;DklQsf] ;+/If0f /Joj:yfkg ug]{ clGtd lgsfo dlGqkl/ifb\ g}ePsf]n] p;n] To:tf] ;DklQsf] ;+/If0fsf] nflu;DalGwt ljleGg lgsfosf] l;kmfl/z, ;Nnfx /;'emfj lnO{ :jfldTj x:tfGt/0f gx'g] u/L gLltth'{df u/L s'g} ;+3 ;+:yfnfO{ lbg;Sg]df ljjfbx'g ;Sb}g . t;y{ ;/sf/n] pQm 3/ hUuf g]kfn

Joj:yfkg ;+3nfO{ ef]uflwsf/ lbPsf]df lgj]bsn]cfk"mn] pkef]u ul//xg] b"lift dg;fon] l/6 If]qdfcfpg kfpg] s'g} xsb}of g} 5}g . ctM k|:t't l/6vf/]h x'g'k5{ egL ug'{ ePsf] ax; ;d]t ;'lgof] .

To:t} g]kfn ;/sf/ ;d]tsf] tkm{af6pkl:yt ljåfg ;xGofoflwjQmf >L 7f]sk|;fblzjfsf]6Ln] lgj]bsn] pNn]v u/]sf] 3/ hUuf;/sf/L :jfldTjdf /x]sf] s'/fdf ljjfb gePkl5To;sf] pkof]u / ;+/If0f s;/L ug]{ eGg] s'/f;/sf/df lgxLt x'G5 . lgj]bs cfkm"n] pkef]uug{kfPdf ;+/If0f x'g] / cGo ;fdflhs ;+:yfnfO{ef]uflwsf/ lbPdf ;+/If0f gx'g] eGg ldNb}g .;/sf/n] cfjZostfcg';f/ pQm 3/hUuf klxn]j8f k|x/L sfof{no, To;kl5 ;f];fO{6L ckmcfsL{6]S6nfO{ / xfn g]kfn Joj:yfkg ;+3nfO{ef]uflwsf/ lbPsf]af6 lgj]bssf] s'g} klg df}lnsxsdf c;/ k/]sf] 5}g . lgj]bsn] pQm 3/hUufcfk"mn] pkef]u ug]{ p2]Zon] ;fj{hlgs ;/f]sf/sf]ljifo agfP/ l/6 If]qdf cfpg] xsb}of g} x'Fb}g .pQm hUuf ;/sf/n] cfk"mn] rfx]sf] a]nf lkmtf{lng] u/L ef]uflwsf/;Dd lbPsf] xf] / To;/LlbFbf klg ;DalGwt ljleGg lgsfoaf6 txutlg0f{o Pj+ l;kmfl/z x'Fb} cGTodf dlGqkl/ifb\af6lg0f{o ePsf] x'Fbf unt lgot / kbsf] b'?kof]uu/]sf] eGg ldNb}g . t;y{ plNnlvt cfwf/x¿af6k|:t't l/6 vf/]h ul/kfpmF egL ug'{ ePsf] ax;;d]t ;'lgof] .

plNnlvt lgj]bg lhsL/, lnlvt hjfkmnufotsf tYox¿sf] cWoog u/L b'a} kIfaf6k|:t't ul/Psf] ax; ;d]t ;'gL lg0f{otkm{ larf/ubf{ k|:t't l/6 lgj]bgdf lgDg k|Zgx¿df lg0f{olbg'kg]{ b]lvof] –-!_ k|:t't ljjfb ;fj{hlgs ;/f]sf/sf] ljjfb

eO{ o:tf] ljjfbdf ;+j}wflgs jf sfg"gLk|Zg ;dfj]z 5 5}g < cyf{t Public

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-@_ gj]bssf] dfuadf]lhd g]kfn ;/sf/-dlGqkl/ifb\_n] ljjflbt 3/ hUuf g]kfnJoj:yfkg ;+3nfO{ ef]uflwsf/ lbg] u/Lu/]sf] lg0f{o lgj]bg dfuadf]lhd ab/ ug{kg]{ xf] xf]Og <

@= klxnf]tkm{ ljrf/ ubf{ tTsfnLg;+ljwfgsf] wf/f ** -@_ x]g{kg]{ x'G5 . ** -@_o; k|sf/5M o; ;+ljwfgåf/f k|bQ df}lns xssf]k|rngsf] nflu jf csf]{ pkrf/sf] Joj:yfgePsf] jf csf]{ pkrf/sf] Joj:yf ePklg ;f]pkrf/ ckof{Kt jf k|efjxLg b]lvPsf] cGo s'g}sfg"gL xssf] k|rngsf] nflu jf ;fj{hlgs xsjf ;/f]sf/sf] s'g} ljjfbdf ;dfj]z ePsf] s'g};+j}wflgs jf sfg"gL k|Zgsf] lg?k0fsf] nflucfjZos / pko'Qm cfb]z hf/L u/L To:tf] xssf]k|rng u/fpg] jf ljjfb 6'Ëf] nufpg] c;fwf/0fclwsf/ ;jf]{Rr cbfntnfO{ x'g]5 . ;f] k|of]hgsf]nflu k"0f{¿kdf Gofo u/L plrt pkrf/ k|bfgug{ ;jf]{Rr cbfntn] jGbLk|ToIfLs/0f, k/dfb]z,pTk|]if0f, k|ltif]w, clwsf/k[R5fnufot h'g;'s}pko'Qm cfb]z hf/L ug{;Sg]5 . wf/f ** -@_ n]o; cbfntnfO{ ;fj{hlgs ;/f]sf/sf] ljjfbdf;dfj]z ePsf] ;+j}wflgs / sfg"gL k|Zg lg?k0fug]{ / s;}sf] JolQmut df}lns jf sfg"gL xsxgg\ ePsf]df hf] rflxg] cf1f jf cfb]z hf/Lu/L k"0f{ Gofo k|bfg ug]{ clwsf/ k|bfg ub{5 .wf/f ** -@_ cGtu{t ;fj{hlgs ;/f]sf/sf]ljjfbdf eg] To:tf] ljjfbdf ;+j}wflgs / sfg"gLk|Zg ;dfj]z 5 eg] To:tf] cj:yfdf o;cbfntn] c;fwf/0f clwsf/ u|x0f u/L pko'Qmcfb]z hf/L ub{5 . ;+j}wflgs jf sfg"gL k|Zg;dfj]z gePsf] ;fj{hlgs ljjfbdf jf ljjfb;fj{hlgs ;/f]sf/sf] ePklg olb To:tf] ljjfbdfs'g} ;+j}wflgs jf sfg"gL k|Zg ;dfj]z 5}g eg]To:tf]df klg o; cbfntn] wf/f **-@_ sf]

clwsf/ Exercise ug{ ;Qm}g . wf/f **-@_cGtu{t o; cbfntn] x:tIf]k ug{ ljjfb;fj{hlgs ;/f]sf/sf] e} To;df ;+j}wflgs jfsfg"gL k|Zg ;dfj]z ePsf] x'g'k5{ . s] s:tf]cj:yfdf wf/f **-@_ adf]lhd o; cbfntnfO{k|fKt c;fwf/0f clwsf/cGtu{t x:tIf]k ug{ ;S5/ **-@_ sf] k|;+udf s] s:tf] ljjfbsf] ljifo;fj{hlgs ;/f]sf/sf] eO{ o; cbfntn] x:tIf]kug{ ;S5 eGg] ;DaGwdf lgj]bs jfns[i0f Gof}kfg]lj?4 g]kfn ;/sf/ -g]kfn jfo';]jf lgud;d]t_ePsf] ;+jt\ @) %^ ;fnsf] l/6 g+= $)@^ -g]sfk @)^% c+s ( k[i7 !!#^ lg=g+= *)!^_ /gLnxL/f ;dfhsf] tkm{af6 ;'gLnjfj' kGt lgj]bslj?4 g]kfn ;/sf/ ;d]t ePsf] @)^$ ;fnsf]l/6 g+=(!& -g]sfk @)^%, c+s $, k[i7 $*%,lg=g+= &(%*_ df lj:t[t JofVof eO{ l;4fGtk|ltkflbt ePsf 5g\ .

#= wf/f ** -@_ n] o; cbfntsf]c;fwf/0f clwsf/If ]qcGtu{t ;fj{hlgs;/f]sf/sf] ljjfbsf] gfddf pkrf/ dfUg hf];'s}n]cfpg ;Sg] u/L Locus standi nfO{ Widen ul/Psf]ePtfklg ljjfb ;fj{hlgs ;/f]sf/sf] / To;df;+j}wflgs jf sfg"gL k|Zg ;dfj]z ePsf] x'gclgjfo{ 5 .

$= ctM o; k|;+udf x]bf{ k|:t'tljjfb sf=lh=sf=d=g=kf= j8f g+= #@ sf] ls=g++ !sf] If]=km= )–$–@–# hUuf / ;f] hUufdf cjl:yt3/ tTsfnLg k|wfgdGqLn] cfk\mgf] >LdtL cWoIfePsf] g]kfn Joj:yfkg ;+3nfO{ lbnfPsf] eGg]b]lvof] . ljjflbt pQm 3/ hUuf ;/sf/sf]gfddf :jfldTj eO{ ;fj{hlgs ;DklQ eGg]b ] lvG5 . pQm 3/ ldlt @)^!.(.!( sf ]dlGqkl/ifb\sf] lg0f{ocg';f/ :jfldTj ;/sf/s}gfddf /xg] u/L g]kfn Joj:yfkg ;+3nfO{ef ]urng ug{ lbPsf] b]lvG5 . tTsfnLg;+ljwfgsf] wf/f #% -@_ sf] sfo{sfl/0fL clwsf/

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k|of]u ug]{ k|wfgdGqLn] rflxPsf] j]nfdf lkmtf{lng] u/L pQm 3/ Joj:yfkg ;+3nfO{ lbPsf]lg0f{o lgoldt gLltut lg0f{o xf] . k|wfgdGqLaf6x/]s lbg w]/} lg0f{ox¿ x'G5g\ . k|wfgdGqLn] ug]{;j} lg0f{o Public Interest Litigation sf] ljifojGg ;Qm}g\ . k|wfgdGqLn] ljleGg lg0f{o ug{ ;S5 .k|rlnt sfg"gljk/Lt gx'g] / gful/sx¿sf] xsxgg\ gx'g] afx]s cGo h'g;'s} ljifodfsfo{sfl/0fL clwsf/ k|of]u u/L k|wfgdGqLn] lg0f{oug{ ;S5 . o:tf] gLltut lg0f{o ug{;Sg]k |wfgdGqLdf sfg "gL clwsf/sf ] cnfjfcGtlg{lxt clwsf/ ;d]t /x]sf] x'G5 .

%= ;fj{hlgs ;/f]sf/sf] ljjfbdfg]kfn clw/fHosf] ;+ljwfg, @)$& / jt{dfgg]kfnsf] cGtl/d ;+ljwfg, @)^# cGtu{tpkrf/df cfpFbf JolQmut :jfy{ g/fvL ;d'bfo,7"nf] hg;d"x / cfd hg;d'bfosf] ;fd"lxs /k|fs[lts clwsf/cGtu{tsf] :jfy{ ufFl;Psf] x'G5 .cfd;d'bfosf] :jf:Yo, jftfj/0fsf] ;+/If0f,k|fs[lts ;fwg ;|f]tsf] pkof]u cflb h:tf j[xQ/lxt ufFl;Psf s'/fx¿ ;fj{hlgs ;/f]sf/sf]ljifocGtu{t kb{5g . To:tf ;fj{hlgs ljifodfhf];'s} g]kfnL gful/sn] cfd ;d'bfosf] lxtsf]vflt/ pkrf/sf] nflu ;jf] {Rr cbfntsf]c;fwf/0f clwsf/If]qcGtu{t cfpg ;S5 . t/,k|:t't lgj]bgdf ;fj{hlgs ;/f]sf/sf] ljifo klggb]lvPsf] / To:tf] s'g} ;+j}wflgs jf sfg"gLk|Zg ;dfj]z ePsf] klg gb]lvPsf] x'Fbf k|:t'tlgj]bgdf p7fOPsf] s'/f wf/f ** -@_ cGtu{t;fj{hlgs ;/f]sf/sf] ljjfbdf ;dfj]z ePsf];+j}wflgs jf sfg"gL k|Zg ;+nUg ePsf] lgj]bgeGg ldn]g .

^= k|:t't l/6 lgj]bgdf ljjflbt3/hUuf lgj]bs cfk"mn] pkef]u ul//x]sf] eGg]s'/f lgj]bg n]vaf6} b]lvG5 . lgj]bsx¿n] pQm3/hUuf pkof]u ul//xFbf cfd;d'bfonfO{ s] s:tf]

kmfObf k'Ug] xf] / cfk}mn] pkef]u ug{ gkfpFbfcfd;d'bfosf] s] s:tf] ;fj{hlgs ;/f]sf/dfc;/ kfg]{ xf] eGg] s'/f lgj]bsn] v'nfpg g;sLs]jn cfkm"n] pkof]u ug{af6 alGrt x'g gk/f];\/ ;/sf/n] cGo s'g} ;+3 ;+:yfnfO{ lbg gkfcf];\eGg] dfq p2]Zo /fv]sf] b]lvG5 . s/fFt] v]n;fdflhs lqmofsnfk x'g ;Sb5 / o;df s]xLJolQmx¿ cfj4 x'g ;Sb5g\ . t/ To;f] x'Fb}df;/sf/L :jfldTjdf /x]sf] 3/ hUuf To:tf] ;+3;+:yfn] pkef]u ubf{ cfd;d'bfosf] s] s:tf];/f]sf/ /xg] xf] / pQm 3/hUuf To:tf] ;+3;+:yfn] pkef]u ug{ gkfpbf / cGo s'g} ;+:yfn]pkef]u ubf{ s] s:tf] ;fj{hlgs ;/f]sf/sf]ljifodf c;/ kg]{ xf] eGg] s'/f k|:t't l/6 lgj]bgtYout¿kdf v'nfpg tyf k|dfl0ft ug{ ;s]sf]b]lvFb}g . t;y{ k|:t't l/6 lgj]bgnfO{ ;fj{hlgs;/f]sf/sf] ljjfbsf] ljifo klg eGg ldNg] b]lvPg/ o;df s'g} ;+j}wflgs / sfg"gL k|Zg ;dfj]zePsf] klg eGg ldn]g . k|:t't l/6df l/6 lgj]bsn];fj{hlgs ;/f]sf/sf] ljjfb / To;df ;+j}wflgs/ sfg"gL k|Zg ;dfj]z 5 egL b]vfpg / k'i6Lug{ ;s]sf] gb]lvPsf] cj:yfdf cfk"m / cfk"m;Fuv]n ;d"xdf cfj4 JolQmx¿ al;/x]sf] cyf{tpkef]u ul//x]sf] ;Gbe{ b]vfO{ cfk"mx¿n] g} pkef]uul//xg kfpg' kg]{ bfjL lnO{ cfPsf] b]lvG5 .;fj{hlgs ;/f]sf/sf] ljjfb / To;df ;+j}wflgs/ sfg"gL k|Zg ;dfj]z ePsf] lhsL/ lnO{ pkrf/vf]Hg cfpg] JolQmn] lg:jfy{¿kdf ;kmf xftlnO{ cfpg' k5{ . t/, oxfF cfkm" / cfk\mgf] ;+u7gjf ;d"xn] pQm 3/ hUuf pkef]u ul//xg kfpg]:jfy{af6 k|:t't l/6 lgj]bg lnO{ cfPsf] b]lvFbflgj]bsx¿nfO{ o;/L cfk\mgf] :jfy{ ufFl;Psf] k|:t'tljifodf ph"/L ug]{ jf ;fj{hlgs ;/f]sf/sf]ljjfb / To;df ;+j}wflgs / sfg"gL k|Zg ;dfj]zePsf] eGg] lhsL/ u/L pkrf/sf] nfluc;fwf/0fIf]q cGtu{t cfpg] xsb}of - Locus


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standi_ g} x'g ;Sb}g . wf/f **-@_ cGtu{tpkrf/ dfu ug{ cfpg]n] ljjfb ;fj{hlgs;/f]sf/sf] / To;df ;+j}wflgs / sfg"gL k|Zg;dfj]z ePsf] k|dfl0ft u/L ljz'4 ;kmf xftlnP/ lg:jfy{ tl/sfn] cfpg' k5{ tj dfq wf/f**-@_ cGtu{t pkrf/ k|fKt x'g ;S5 .

&= ca bf];|f] k|Zgtkm{ larf/ ubf{/fHodf /x]sf / s'g} lgsfosf] :jfldTjdf g/x]sf];/sf/L lgsfosf] gfddf /x]sf ;a} ;DklQx¿;/sf/L ;DklQ x'g . To:tf ;DklQsf] ;+/If0f,Joj:yfkg ;Da4{g ug]{ st{Jo / bfloTj klg;/sf/s} xf] . To;}n] ;/sf/n] To:tf ;DklQsf];+/If0f / Joj:yf ug{ cfjZos gLlt -Policy_x¿ agfpg / nfu" ug{ ;Ifd x'G5 / ;f] ;DaGwdfcfjZos lg0f{o ug{ ;S5 . To:tf gLltx¿sf]sfof{Gjog ug{ cfjZostfcg';f/ sfo{ljlwlgb]{zg, cfb]z nufot cfjZos lgodx¿ th'{dfug{, s'g} lgsfonfO{ lhDdf lbg, ;dGjo ug{ /cGo cfjZos sfo{x¿ ug{ ;/sf/ ;Ifd x'G5 .To;sf] nflu ;/sf/n] ljleGg dGqfnox¿, ljefujf sfof{nox¿ u7g u/L To;cGtu{t sfo{ljefhg jf clwsf/ k|Tofof]hg u/L cfk\mgf sfdsfjf{xL / gLltx¿nfO{ lgoldttf lbg / lhDd]jf/agfpg ;S5 . o;/L ;/sf/n] cfk"mdf /x]sf]sfo{sfl/0fL clwsf/sf] k|of]u ub{5 . To:t};/sf/n] cfk"mdf /x]sf] sfo{sf/L clwsf/cGtu{tcfjZostfcg';f/ sltko sfo{x¿ s'g} Ps JolQm,lgsfo, ljefu jf sfof{nodfkm{t dfq gu/LltgLx¿ jLrsf] ;dGjo, l;kmfl/z / ;fd"lxslg0f{odfkm{t ;Dkfbg ub{5 .

*= k|:t't l/6 lgj]bgdf p7fOPsf]ljjfb ;/sf/sf] :jfldTjdf /x]sf] ljjflbt3/hUuf pkef]u ug{ lbg] lg0f{o ubf{ pQm 3/hUufsf] Joj:yfkg ug]{ ef}lts of]hgf dGqfnodfkm{t k|:tfj k]z eO{ l;+xb/jf/ ;lrjfno k'gMlgdf{0f k|f]h]S6af6 ;xdlt;d]t lnO{ dlGqkl/ifb\af6

@)^!.(.!( df :jfldTj ;/sf/s} gfddf /xg]u/L / ;/sf/nfO{ cfjZos k/]sf avt lkmtf{lng] u/L ljkIfL g]kfn Joj:yfkg ;+3nfO{ef]uflwsf/;Dd lbg] lg0f{o u/]sf] eGg] b]lvG5 .o;/L k|lqmofut ¿kdf sfo{sfl/0fL clwsf/ k|of]uu/L k|wfgdGqLn] dlGqkl/ifb\af6 lg0f{o u/L;/sf/L :jfldTjdf /xg] u/L / cfjZos k/]sfa]nf lkmtf{ lng] u/L ef]uflwsf/ ;Dd lbg] ul/u/]sf]dlGqkl/ifb\sf] pQm lg0f{odf s'g} sfg"gL q'l6gb]lvPsf]n] l/6 lgj]bssf] dfuadf]lhd pQmlg0f{o ab/ ug{ ldn]g .

(= t;y { plNnlvt cfwf/k|df0fx¿sf] cfwf/df g]kfn Joj:yfkg ;+3nfO{sf= lh= sf= d= g= kf= jf8{ g++ #@ ls=g++ ! sf]If]=km= )–$–@–# hUuf / ;f]df ag]sf] 3/;d]tef]uflwsf/sf] nflu lbg] u/]sf] dlGqkl/ifb\sf] lg0f{oab/ ul/kfpmF / pQm lg0f{o e|i6frf/hGo sfdePsf]n] sf/jfxL ul/kfpmF egL clVtof/ b'?kof]ucg';Gwfg cfof]udf lbPsf] lgj]bgdf sf/jfxLug{ k/dfb]z;d]t hf/L ul/kfpmF eGg] lhsL/lnPsf] k|:t't l/6 lgj]bg vf/]h x'g] 7x5{ . l/6lgj]bg vf/]h x'g] 7x/]sf]n] o; cbfntaf6 ldlt@)^#.@.@( df hf/L ePsf] cGtl/d cfb]z :jtMlgliqmo x'g] x'Fbf lgliqmo ul/lbPsf] 5 . t/, l/6lgj]bg vf/]h eP klg clVtof/ b'?kof]u cg';Gwfgcfof]udf klg ph"/L u/]sf] xf] eg] clVtof/b'?kof]u cg';Gwfg cfof]un] cfkm"nfO{ k|fKtclwsf/ cGtu{t cfk\mgf] clwsf/If]qdf ;Lldt/xL cg';Gwfg sfo{ ug{ ;Sb5 .

!)= ;fy} plNnlvt tYox¿ x]bf{g]kfn ;/sf/ -dlGqkl/ifb\_ n] g]kfn Joj:yfkg;+3nfO{ ef]uflwsf/ lbPsf] plNnlvt ls=g++ ! sf]hUuf / ;f]df jg]sf] 3/ xfn;Dd g]kfn Joj:yfkg;+3n] ef]u} gu/L lgj]bg ubf{sf] cj:yf;Ddlgj]bsn] g} ef]u ul//x]sf] b]lvFbf dlGqkl/ifb\sf]lg0f{o sfof{Gjog x'g ;s]sf] b]lvPg . ;/sf/L

666666666666666

3/ hUufsf] Joj:yfkg ug]{ ef}lts of]hgf tyflgdf{0f dGqfnonfO{ ;/sf/L ejgx¿sf] b'?kof]ux'g ;Sg]tkm{ Wofgfsif{0f u/fpg kg]{ b]lvPsf]n]Wofgfsif{0f u/fOPsf] 5 . ;f]sf] hfgsf/Lsf] nfluof] cfb]zsf] k|ltlnlk ljkIfL ef}lts of]hgf tyflgdf{0f dGqfnodf k7fO{ lbg" . k|:t't l/6sf]bfo/Lsf] nut sf6L ldl;n lgodfg';f/ u/La'emfO{ lbg" .

pQm /fodf ;xdt 5' .Gof=lu/LzrGb| nfnOlt ;+jt\ @)^% ;fn kmfu'g * ut] /f]h % z'ed\Ohnf; clws[tM pk]Gb|k|;fb uf}td

lg0f{o g+= *!#! ;fpg, @)^^

;jf]{Rr cbfnt ;+o'Qm Ohnf;dfggLo GofofwLz >L bfdf]b/k|;fb zdf{dfggLo GofofwLz >L lu/LzrGb| nfn

;+jt\ @)^% ;fnsf] l/6 g++ (#%cfb]z ldltM @)^^.!.@@.#

ljifo M pTk|]if0fo'Qm k/dfb]z .lgj]bsM /fli6«o :jtGq sd{rf/L ldng s]Gb|sf

pkfWoIf zflnu|fdk|;fb 9+'+u]n lj?4

ljkIfLM nf]s;]jf cfof]u, s]Gb|Lo sfof{no,sdnkf]v/L sf7df8f}+ ;d]t

§ k|sflzt lj1fkgcg';f/sf] If ]qdfk|sflzt lj1fkgcg';f/sf] If ]qdfk|sflzt lj1fkgcg';f/sf] If ]qdfk|sflzt lj1fkgcg';f/sf] If ]qdfk|sflzt lj1fkgcg';f/sf] If ]qdf;]jf ug] { dg;fon] pDd]b\jf/ x'g;]jf ug] { dg;fon] pDd]b\jf/ x'g;]jf ug] { dg;fon] pDd]b\jf/ x'g;]jf ug] { dg;fon] pDd]b\jf/ x'g;]jf ug] { dg;fon] pDd]b\jf/ x'gcfpg] of]Uotf k'u]sf ;Defljt hf];'s}cfpg] of]Uotf k'u]sf ;Defljt hf];'s}cfpg] of]Uotf k'u]sf ;Defljt hf];'s}cfpg] of]Uotf k'u]sf ;Defljt hf];'s}cfpg] of]Uotf k'u]sf ;Defljt hf];'s}pd ]b \jf/nfO { ;lDdlnt u/fpgpd]b \jf/nfO { ;lDdlnt u/fpgpd]b \jf/nfO { ;lDdlnt u/fpgpd]b \jf/nfO { ;lDdlnt u/fpgpd]b \jf/nfO { ;lDdlnt u/fpgljkIfL nf ]s;]jf cfof ]unfO { s'g }ljkIfL nf ]s;]jf cfof ]unfO { s'g }ljkIfL nf ]s;]jf cfof ]unfO { s'g }ljkIfL nf ]s;]jf cfof ]unfO { s'g }ljkIfL nf ]s;]jf cfof ]unfO { s'g }sfg"gn] afwf k'Ug hfg] gb]lvg] .sfg"gn] afwf k'Ug hfg] gb]lvg] .sfg"gn] afwf k'Ug hfg] gb]lvg] .sfg"gn] afwf k'Ug hfg] gb]lvg] .sfg"gn] afwf k'Ug hfg] gb]lvg] .

§ k|sflzt lj1fkgcg';f/sf] k/LIffdfk|sflzt lj1fkgcg';f/sf] k/LIffdfk|sflzt lj1fkgcg';f/sf] k/LIffdfk|sflzt lj1fkgcg';f/sf] k/LIffdfk|sflzt lj1fkgcg';f/sf] k/LIffdfj9'jf ePkl5 ;DjlGwt lhNnfdf u}j9'jf ePkl5 ;DjlGwt lhNnfdf u}j9'jf ePkl5 ;DjlGwt lhNnfdf u}j9'jf ePkl5 ;DjlGwt lhNnfdf u}j9'jf ePkl5 ;DjlGwt lhNnfdf u}sfo{ ug'{kg]{ s'/fdf ljjfb / z+sfsfo{ ug'{kg]{ s'/fdf ljjfb / z+sfsfo{ ug'{kg]{ s'/fdf ljjfb / z+sfsfo{ ug'{kg]{ s'/fdf ljjfb / z+sfsfo{ ug'{kg]{ s'/fdf ljjfb / z+sf

ul//xg' kg]{ cj:yf b]lvb}g . o;/Lul//xg' kg]{ cj:yf b]lvb}g . o;/Lul//xg' kg]{ cj:yf b]lvb}g . o;/Lul//xg' kg]{ cj:yf b]lvb}g . o;/Lul//xg' kg]{ cj:yf b]lvb}g . o;/Lk|lt:kwf{df efu lng jGb]h nufpg]k|lt:kwf{df efu lng jGb]h nufpg]k|lt:kwf{df efu lng jGb]h nufpg]k|lt:kwf{df efu lng jGb]h nufpg]k|lt:kwf{df efu lng jGb]h nufpg]xf] eg] sfg"gn] u/]sf] Joj:yfsf]xf ] eg] sfg"gn] u/]sf] Joj:yfsf]xf ] eg] sfg"gn] u/]sf] Joj:yfsf]xf ] eg] sfg"gn] u/]sf] Joj:yfsf]xf ] eg] sfg"gn] u/]sf] Joj:yfsf]kfngf x'g g;Sg'sf] cnfjf of]Uokfngf x'g g;Sg'sf] cnfjf of]Uokfngf x'g g;Sg'sf] cnfjf of]Uokfngf x'g g;Sg'sf] cnfjf of]Uokfngf x'g g;Sg'sf] cnfjf of]Uopd ]bjf/sf ] 5gf }6 x 'g g;Sg ]pd ]bjf/sf ] 5gf }6 x 'g g;Sg ]pd ]bjf/sf ] 5gf }6 x 'g g;Sg ]pd ]bjf/sf ] 5gf }6 x 'g g;Sg ]pd ]bjf/sf ] 5gf }6 x 'g g;Sg ]cj:yfsf] l;h{gf x'g hfg]tkm{ klgcj:yfsf] l;h{gf x'g hfg]tkm{ klgcj:yfsf] l;h{gf x'g hfg]tkm{ klgcj:yfsf] l;h{gf x'g hfg]tkm{ klgcj:yfsf] l;h{gf x'g hfg]tkm{ klgnf]s;]jf cfof]usf] b[li6 k'Ug'kg]{ .nf]s;]jf cfof]usf] b[li6 k'Ug'kg]{ .nf]s;]jf cfof]usf] b[li6 k'Ug'kg]{ .nf]s;]jf cfof]usf] b[li6 k'Ug'kg]{ .nf]s;]jf cfof]usf] b[li6 k'Ug'kg]{ .

-k|s/0f g+=@_

lgj]bs tkm{jf6M ljåfg clwjQmf >L xl/ pk|]tLljkIfL tkm{jf6Mljåfg ;xGofoflwjQmf >L /fh]Gb|

kf]v/]ncjnlDjt ghL/M;Da4 sfg"gM§ lghfdtL ;]jf -;+zf]wg ;lxt_ P]g,

@)$( sf] bkmf &-!_-3_, &-!_-^_

§ lghfdtL ;]jf lgodfjnL, @)%) sf]lgod &-!_-3_, &^-v_-#_

cfb]zGof=bfdf ]b/k |;fb zdf {Gof=bfdf ]b/k |;fb zdf {Gof=bfdf ]b/k |;fb zdf {Gof=bfdf ]b/k |;fb zdf {Gof=bfdf ]b/k |;fb zdf { M g ]kfnsf ]

cGtl/d ;+ljwfg, @)^# sf] wf/f #@ Pj+ !)&-@_ adf]lhd o; cbfntdf kg{ cfPsf] k|:t'tl/6 lgj]bgsf] ;+lIfKt tYo / 7x/ o; k|sf/ 5M

g]kfn ;/sf/n] lghfdtL ;]jfdf /x]sf]>]0fLljxLg kbnfO{ qmdzM x6fpFb} nfg] / ;f] kbg} g/fVg] gLlt cjnDjg u/]cg'¿k /f=k=cg+låtLo >]0fLsf] kbk"lt{ ubf{ l/Qm kbdWo] @) k|ltztkbx¿ cfGtl/s k|ltof]lutfTds k/LIffåf/f k"lt{ug]{ / To;/L k"lt{ ubf{ >]0fLljxLg kbdf sfo{/t\/x]sf] s'g} JolQmsf] /f=k=cg+ låtLo >]0fLsf] kbdf;]jf k|j]zsf] nflu tf]lsPsf] Go"gtd\ z}lIfsof]Uotf / Go"gtd\ ;]jf cjlw k'u]sf] ePdf To:tf]JolQmn] ;d]t pQm k|ltof]lutfdf efu lng kfpg]Joj:yf lghfdtL ;]jf P]g, @)$( -bf];|f] ;+zf]wg_

*!#! *!#! *!#! *!#! *!#! - zflns/fdk|;fb 9' +u ]n lj=nf]s;]jf cfof]u s]=sf= ;d]t zflns/fdk|;fb 9' +u ]n lj=nf]s;]jf cfof]u s]=sf= ;d]t zflns/fdk|;fb 9' +u ]n lj=nf]s;]jf cfof]u s]=sf= ;d]t zflns/fdk|;fb 9' +u ]n lj=nf]s;]jf cfof]u s]=sf= ;d]t zflns/fdk|;fb 9' +u ]n lj=nf]s;]jf cfof]u s]=sf= ;d]t

667667667667667


sf] bkmf &-!_ sf] v08 -3_ / pkbkmf -5_ df;dfj]z u/L ldlt @)^$.$.! b]lv nfu" ul/of] .

o;} qmddf dfly plNnlvt k|lqmofåf/fkbk"lt{ ug{ nf]s;]jf cfof]usf] tYofÍ tyf k|sfzgzfvfaf6 /f=k= cg+lst låtLo >]0fLsf] !^&kbx¿sf nflu lj1fkg k|sfzg ul/of] . lhNnfut?kdf k"lt{ ug]{ u/L k|sfzg ul/Psf] pQm kbsf]lj1fkgdf nf]s;]jf cfof]usf] ;DalGwt sfof{non];DalGwt lhNnfdf sfo{/t sd{rf/Lafx]s c?sf]b/vf:t lng gdfg]sf] / d lgj]bs sf7df8f}FlhNnfsf nflu v'n]sf] k|zf;gtkm{sf] vl/bf/ kb! sf nflu b/vf:t lbg hfFbf lg=;]=P]g tyflg=;]=lg=n] /f=k= cg+ kbsf nflu s]Gb|:t/ /lhNnf:t/nfO{ 5'§f5'§} a9'jf If]q -Promotion Zone)

dfg]sf]n] d lgj]bsnfO{ s]Gb|:t/sf] sfof{nodfsfo{/t\ /x]sf] egL d]/f] b/vf:tdf c:jLs[teGg] Joxf]/f hgfO{ b/kL7 ul/of] .

o;} aLr /f=k= cg+= låtLo >]0fLsf] kbcfGtl/s k|ltof]lutfTds k/LIffåf/f k"lt{ ubf{lhNnfut ?kdf ug]{ jf /fli6«o ?kdf ug]{ eGg];DaGwdf gLltut lg0f{o ug{ nf]s;]jf cfof]un];fdfGo k|zf;g dGqfnodf n]vL k7fPsf]df ;f]dGqfnon] ;+efJo ;j} pd]bjf/n] ;xeflutf x'gkfpg] egL /fo k7fOPsf] cj:yfdf pQm /fosf]ljNs'n} j]jf:tf u/L lhNnfut ?kdf g} kbk"lt{ug]{ k|lqmof cl3 j9fOof] . nf]s;]jf cfof]usf]o:tf] ultljlw ;fdfGo k|zf;g dGqfnon] g/f]s]sf]sf/0f of]Uotf k'u]sf d / d h:t} of]Uotf k'u]sfw]/} sd{rf/Ln] j[lQljsf;sf] cj;/jf6 j+lrtx'g' k/]sf] 5 .

lghfdtL ;]jf P]gsf] bkmf &-!_-3_ / -^_ df ePsf] sfg"gL Joj:yf /f=k= cg+= låtLo>]0fLsf] kbsf] xsdf dfq ul/Psf] ljz]if Joj:yfxf] . pQm Joj:yf nf]s;]jf cfof]un] dgf]ut /:j]R5frf/L ?kdf nfu" ug{ ldNb}g . lg=;]=P]gsf]bkmf & ad]flhd k|ltzt lgwf{/0f ePsf /f=k=cg+=

kbsf] cfGtl/s k|ltof]lutfTds k/LIff ;DjlGwtsd{rf/L sfo{/t\ /x]sf] tt\–tt\ If]q jf c+rndf;~rfng ug]{ egL :jo+ nf]s;]jf cfof]un] cfk\mgf]lg=g+ !*% ldlt )^$.!!.#) df jf]ln/x]sf] l:yltdfcfk\mg} lg0f{osf] pNn+3g / ;fdfGo k|zf;gdGqfnosf] /fo;d]tsf] cj1f u/L ljkIfL nf]s;]jfcfof]un] lhNnfut?kdf k"lt{ ug]{ u/L k|sfzgul/Psf] /f=k= cg+= låtLo >]0fLsf] cfGtl/sk|ltof]lutfTds kl/Iffsf] lj1fkg / ;f];DaGwLcfof]usf sfd sf/jfxLn] cGtl/d ;+ljwfgåf/fk|bQ df}lns xs Pj+ lg=;]= P]gåf/f k|bQ sfg"gLxssf] xgg\ x'g uPsf]n] tL xsx¿sf] k|rngsfnflu lgj]bg lnOcfPsf] 5' .

ctM lhNnfut ?kdf kbk"lt{ ug]{ u/LljkIfL cfof]uåf/f k|sflzt /f=k=cg+= låtLo >]0fLkbsf] -cf=k|_ k/LIffsf] lj1fkg pTk|]if0fsf]cfb]zåf/f jb/ u/L of]Uotf k'u]sf d lgj]bs;d]tsf ;j} sd{rf/Ln] /fli6«o ?kdf g} pDd]b\jf/eO{ k|lt:kwf{ ug{ kfpg] lj1fkg u/L kbk"lt{ ug'{u/fpg' egL ljkIfL nf]s;]jf cfof]usf gfpFdfk/dfb]zsf] cfb]z;d]t k|bfg ul/kfpFm eGg] ;d]tJoxf]/fs]f lgj]bssf] l/6 lgj]bg .

o;df s] s;f] ePsf] xf] < lgj]bssf]dfuadf]lhdsf] cfb]z lsg hf/L x'g gkg]{ xf] <of] cfb]z k|fKt ePsf ldltn] af6f]sf] Dofb afx]s!% lbgleq ;DjlGwt ldl;n ;fy} /fvLdxfGofoflwjQmfsf] sfof{nodfkm{t lnlvt hjfkmk7fpg' egL l/6 lgj]bgsf] ! k|lt gSsn ;fy}/fvL ljkIfLx¿nfO{ ;"rgf k7fO{ lnlvt hjfkmcfPkl5 jf cjlw gf3]kl5 lgodfg';f/ k]z ug'{ .cGtl/d cfb]z;d]tsf] dfu ePsf] b]lv+bf ;f];DjGwdf 5nkmn ug{ @)^%.@.!@ ut] pkl:ytx'g cfpg' egL ljkIfL nf]s;]jf cfof]u s]Gb|Losfof{no / ;fdfGo k|zf;g dGqfnonfO{ ;"rgfk7fO{ lgodfg';f/ ug'{ eGg] ;d]tsf] o; cbfntPs GofofwLzsf] Ohnf;sf] cfb]z .

668668668668668

o;df lghfdtL ;]jf bf];|f] ;+zf]wgP]g, @)^$ sf] bkmf &-!_-3_ n] /fhkq cg+lstlåtLo >]0fLsf] kbdf @) k|ltzt cfGtl/sk|ltof]lutfTds k/LIffåf/f kbk"lt{ ug]{ Joj:yfu/]sf]df ;f]xL P]gsf] bkmf & -5_ n] pkbkmf! s f ] v08 -3 _ ad f ] lhd c f Gt l /sk|ltof]lutfTds k/LIffåf/f kbk"lt{ ug]{ kbdf/fhkq cg+lst låtLo >]0fLsf] kbsf] nflucfjZos kg]{ Go"gtd\ z}lIfs of]Uotf, Go"gtd\;]jf cjlw k"/f u/]sf /fhkq cg+lst t[tLo>]0fL / >]0fLljxLg kbdf sfo{/t\ sd{rf/Ljf6k|lt:kwf{ u/fO{ kbk"lt{ ug'{kg]{ 5 eGg] Joj:yfePsf], lhNnfut ?kdf dfq k|ltof]lutf x'g]egL sfg"gn] :ki6 lgb]{z gu/]sf] kl/k|]Iodfk|:t't lgj]bgsf] clGtd lsgf/f ePkl57x/]adf]lhd x'g] u/L k/LIff ;~rfng ug]{sfo{ /f]Sg' egL ljkIfLx¿sf gfpFdf cGtl/dcfb]z hf/L ul/Psf] 5 . k|:t't lgj]bgsf]ljifoj:t' dWogh/ /fVbf cu|flwsf/ lbg'kg]{b]lv+bf cu|flwsf/ lbO{ lnlvt hjfkm k/]kl5lgodfg';f/ k]z ug'{ eGg] ;d]t Joxf]/fsf]o; cbfnt ;+o'Qm Ohnf;sf] cfb]z .

/fhkq cg+lst låtLo >]0fLsf] kbdfcfGtl/s k|ltof]lutfTds k/LIffåf/f kbk"lt{ ubf{;f] kbsf] nflu cfjZos kg]{ Go"gtd\ z}lIfsof]Uotf / Go"gtd\ ;]jf cjlw k"/f u/]sf /f=k=cg+lst t[tLo >]0fL / >]0fLljxLg kbdf sfo{/tsd{rf/Ljf6 k|lt:kwf{ u/fO{ kbk"lt{ ug'{kg]{ Joj:yf/x]sf]df ;f]ad]flhd k/LIff ;~rfng u/L pko'QmpDd]bjf/ 5gf}6 ug]{;DaGwL sfo{ nf]s;]jfcfof]udfkm{t x'g] / ;f];DjGwL ljifo o;dGqfnosf] sfo{If]qleq gkg]{ ePsf]n] lagfcfwf// sf/0fjf6 o; dGqfno;d]tnfO{ ljkIfL agfO{bfo/ ul/Psf] l/6 lgj]bg vf/]h ul/kfpFm eGg];d]t Joxf]/fs]f ;fdfGo k|zf;g dGqfnosf] lnlvthjfkm .

o;df lj1fkg x'Fbf ;DalGwt lhNnfdflj1fkg ePsf] ldlt;Dd sfo{/t\ /x]sf] x'g'k5{eGg] ;"rgfdf plNnlvt :ki6 zt{ ljk/Lt/f=k=cg+= låtLo >]0fL vl/bf/ kbsf] cf=k|= k/LIffdfl/6 lgj]bsn] b/vf:t kmf/d k]z u/]sf]n] c:jLs[tul/Psf], vl/bf/ kbdf cf=k|=åf/f kbk"lt{ ubf{lghfdtL ;]jf P]gsf] bkmf &-!_-3_ / -^_ n] s]Gb|jf lhNnfut ?kdf k|lt:kwf{ u/fpg' kg]{ egLsxLF st} pNn]v gu/]sf] cj:yfdf s'g :t/dfk/LIff u/fpg pko'Qm x'G5 eGg] s'/f ;+ljwfgtMo; cfof ]usf ] sfo{If ]qleq kg] { ePsf ]n ]lhNnf:t/df k|lt:kwf{ u/fpFbf Gofof]lrt x'g] 7fgLlhNnfut k|lt:kwf{sf] nflu lj1fkg Pj+ ;"rgfk|sflzt ul/Psf] xf] . o;sf cltl/Qm lg=;]=lg==@)%) sf] lgod &^-v_-#_ n] sfo{Ifdtfsf]d'Nof+Ígåf/f j9'jf ubf{ /f=k= cg+lst kbsf] nflu;f] lhNnfl:yt ;]jf ;d"x jf pk ;d"x ;DaGwL;j} sfof{nocGtu{t ;]jf cjlw k'u]sf Ps >]0fLd'lgsf ;j} sd{rf/L ;+efJo pd]b\jf/ x'g kfpg]egL j9'jfsf] If]q -Promotion Zone_ lhNnf:t/Lox'g] egL :ki6 Joj:yf ul/lbPsf]n] ;f]xL cfwf/dflhNnf leq sfo{/t\ sd{rf/Ldfq pDd]b\jf/ x'gkfpg] egL :ki6?kn] zt{ pNn]v u/L /f=k= cg+lstlåtLo >]0fL vl/bf/ kbsf] nflu cfGtl/sk|ltof]lutfTds k/LIffsf] lj1fkg ul/Psf] x'Fbfsfg"g;Ddt o; cfof]usf] sfd sf/jfxLpk/l/6 hf/L x'g'kg]{ cj:yf gePsf]n] l/6 lgj]bgvf/]h ul/kfpFm eGg] ;d]t Joxf]/fsf] nf]s;]jfcfof]u s]Gb|Lo sfof{no sdn kf]v/L sf7df8f}Fsf]lnlvt hjfkm .

o;df ljkIfL nf]s;]jf cfof]usf] lnlvthjfkmsf] k|s/0f g++ @ df s'g :t/df k|lt:kwf{u/fpg pko'Qm x'G5 eGg] s'/f ;+ljwfgtM o;cfof]usf] sfo{If]qleq kg]{ eGb} ;f]xLad]flhdcfof]un] lhNnf:t/df k|lt:kwf{ u/fpg Gofof]lrtx'g] 7fgL lj1fkg Pj+ ;"rgf k|sflzt u/]sf] eGg]


669669669669669


pNn]v ePsf] t/, tt\;DaGwL lg0f{o lnlvthjfkm;fy k|]lift u/L k7fPsf] gb]lvFbf To:tf]lg0f{o u/] ePsf] eP cljnDj To;sf] k|ltlnlkk7fpg' egL pQm cfof]unfO{ n]vL k7fO{ hjfkmcfPkl5 lgodfg';f/ k]z ug'{ eGg] ;d]t Joxf]/fs]fo; cbfnt ;+o'Qm Ohnf;sf] cfb]z .

lgodadf]lhd b}lgs k]zL ;"rLdf r9Lk]z x'g cfPsf] k|:t't l/6 lgj]bgs]f ldl;ncWoog u/L lgj]bssf tkm{jf6 pkl:yt ljåfgclwjQmf >L xl/ pk|]tLn] lghfdtL ;]jf P]g,@)$(- ;+zf]wg;lxt_ n] /fhkq cg+lst låtLo>]0fLsf] kbk"lt{ ubf{ l/Qm kbsf] @) k|ltzt kbx¿cfGtl/s k|ltof]lutfTds k/LIffåf/f k"lt{ ug]{ /To;/L k"lt{ ubf{ >]0fLljxLg kbdf sfo{/t\ s'g}JolQmsf] /f=k= cg+lst låtLo >]0fLsf] kbsf nflu;]jf k|j]zsf] lgldQ tf]lsPsf] Go"gtd\ z}lIfsof]Uotf / Go"gtd\ ;]jf cjlw k'u]sf] ePdf To:tf]JolQmn] ;d]t pQm k|ltof]lutfdf efu lng kfpg]egL :ki6 sfg"gL Joj:yf u/]sf] / ;f] Joj:yfcg'¿k /f=k= cg+lst låtLo >]0fLsf] kbk"lt{ ug{ljkIfL nf]s;]jf cfof]un] k|sflzt u/]sf] lj1fkgdfcfk\mgf] kIfn] b/vf:t lbg hfFbf lghfdtL ;]jfP]g tyf lgodfjnLn] /f=k= cg+lst kbsf nflus]Gb|:t/ / lhNnf :t/ u/L 5'§f5'§} Promotion

Zone dfg]sf]n] d]/f] kIf s]Gb|:t/sf] sfof{nodfsfo{/t\ /x]sf] eGg] cfwf/df b/vf:t c:jLs[tul/Psf] cj:yf 5 . /f=k= cg+lst låtLo >]0fLsf]j9'jf;DjGwL ljz]if Joj:yf @)^$ ;fndflghfdtL ;]jf P]g, @)$( df ;+zf]wg eO{ cfPsf]gofF Joj:yf ePsf]n] lg=;]=lg=sf] lgod &^-#_cfslif{t x'g ;Sb}g . P]gdf ePsf] gofF Joj:yfnfO{lgodfjnLsf] Joj:yfn] sf6\g g;Sg] x' FbflhNnfut?kdf kbk"lt{ ug]{ u/L ljkIfL nf]s;]jfcfof]uåf/f k|sflzt lj1fkg pTk|]if0fsf] cfb]zåf/fjb/ u/L /f=k= cg+ låtLo >]0fLsf] kbdf k|lt:kwf{ug{ of]Uotf k'u]sf l/6 lgj]bs ;d]tsf ;j} JolQmn]

/fli6«o ?kdf g} k|lt:kwf{ ug{ kfpg] u/L kbk"lt{ug'{ u/fpg' egL ljkIfLsf] gfddf k/dfb]zsf]cfb]z hf/L ul/kfpFm egL / ljkIfL nf]s;]jfcfof ]u ;d]tsf tkm {jf6 pkl:yt ljåfg;xGofoflwjQmf >L /fh]Gb| kf]v/]nn] lghfdtL;]jf P]g, @)$( sf] kl5Nnf] ;+zf]wg, @)^$.(.@#df dfq ePsf] xf] . P]gdf ePsf] j9'jf;DaGwLJoj:yfsf] ;+s'lrt JofVof ug{ ldNb}g . /fhkqcg+lst sd{rf/Lsf] nflu j9'jf If]q - Promotion

zone _ eg]sf] ;DjlGwt lhNnf dfq x'g ;S5 ./fhkqf+lst sd{rf/L ;/x l/6 lgj]bs ;d]tsf>]0fLlaxLg sd{rf/Ln] /f=k= cg+= låtLo >]0fLsf]kbdf /fli6«o ?kdf k|lt:kwf{ ug{ gkfpg] eP/ g}nf]s;]jf cfof]un] lhNnfleq sfo{/t\ ;DjlGwtsd{rf/Ldfq pDd]b\jf/ x'g kfpg] egL :ki6 zt{tf]sL kbk"lt{sf nflu ;"rgf k|sflzt ul/Psf]cj:yf x'Fbf / tf]lsPsf] kl/lwleq l/6 lgj]bssf]b/vf:t gePsf]n] b/vf:t c:jLs[t ul/Psf]cj:yf x'Fbf em"7f l/6 lgj]bg vf/]h ul/kfpFmegL ug'{ ePsf] ax; ;d]t ;'gL lg0f{otkm{ ljrf/ubf{ k|:t't l/6 lgj]bgdf lgDg k|Zgx¿df lg0f{oug'{kg]{ b]lvof] –

!_ lghfdtL ;]jf P]gn] /fhkq cg+lst kbsf]j9'jfsf] nflu j9'jf If]q -Promotion Zone_tf]s]sf] 5 5}g <

@_ k|sflzt lj1fkgdf l/6 lgj]bs ;d]tsfJolQm pDd]bjf/ x'g kfpg] x'g xf]Ogg\ <

#_ ljkIfL nf]s;]jf cfof]usf sfd sf/jfxLsfg"gcg'¿ksf 5g\ 5}gg\ <

$_ lgj]bg dfuadf]lhdsf] cfb]z hf/L x'g' kg]{xf] xf]Og <

@= cj klxnf] k|Zgtkm{ ljrf/ ubf{lghfdtL ;]jf P]g, @)$( -;+zf]wg ;lxt_ sf]bkmf &-!_-3_ df /fhkq cg+lst låtLo >]0fLsf]

670670670670670

kbk"lt{ ubf{ v'Nnf k|ltof]lutfåf/f ^) k|ltzt,sfo{Ifdtfsf] d'NofÍgåf/f @) k|ltzt / cfGtl/sk|ltof]lutfTds k/LIffåf/f @) k|ltzt kbk"lt{ul/g]5 eGg] sfg"gL Jojyf u/]sf] kfOG5 . ;f]xLP]gsf] bkmf &-!_-^_ df cfGtl/s k|ltof]lutfsfnflu 5'6\ofOPsf] @) k|ltzt kbk"lt{ ubf{ /fhkqcg+lst låtLo >]0fLsf] kbsf] nflu cfjZos kg]{Go"gtd\ z}lIfs of]Uotf / Go"gtd\ ;]jf cjlwk"/f u/]sf] /f=k= cg+lst t[tLo / >]0fLljxLgkbdf sfo{/t\ /x]sf sd{rf/L dWo]af6 k|lt:kwf{u/fO{ kbk"lt{ ug'{kg]{5 eGg] sfg"gL Joj:yf;d]t/x]sf] b]lvG5 . /fhkq cg+lst kbsf] j9'jfsf]nflu lg=;]=lg= @)%) sf] lgod &^-v_-#_ n]s]Gb|:t/ / lhNnf :t/nfO{ 5'§f5'§} a9'jf If]qsfod u/]sf] eGg] ljkIfL nf]s;]jf lhsL/tkm{s;f] /x]5 egL x]l/Fbf lgod &^-#_ n]= /f=k=cg+=+låtLo >]0fLsf] kb cfGtl/s k|ltof]lutfTdsk/LIffåf/f k"lt{ ug{nfO{ lhNnf:t/ / s]Gb|:t/dfk|ltof]lutf u/fO{ k"lt{ ug]{ egL :ki6?kdf pNn]vu/]sf] b]lvFb}g . /f=k=cg+ låtLo >]0fLsf] kb v'Nnfk|ltof]lutfåf/f k"lt{ ug{ lghfdtL ;]jf P]gsf]bkmf &-!_3 n] Open Promotion Zone ;Lldtgu/ ]sf ] cj:yfdf ;f ] kbsf ] cfGtl/sk|ltof]lutfTds k/LIffnfO{ ;Lldt ug'{kg]{ sf/0f/ cf}lrTo ;d]t b]lvg gcfPaf6 /f=k= cg+lstlåtLo >]0fL kbsf] kbk"lt{ ubf{ v'Nnfsf] nflu5'6\ofOPsf kb ;/x g} cfGtl/s k|ltof]lutfTdsk/LIffåf/f k"lt{ ul/g] kbdf ;d]t of]Uotf k'u]sf];+efJo pDd]b\jf/ /fli6«o?kdf ;lDdlnt x'g kfpg]/x]g5g\ eGg ldNg] cj:yf b]lvg cfPg .

#= bf];|f] k|Zgtkm{ ljrf/ ubf{ l/6lgj]bs pBf]u jfl0fHo tyf cfk"lt{ dGqfnosf]sfof{no ;xof]uL /x]sf] / ldlt @)^$ ;fn r}t@& ut] j'wjf/ k|sflzt sf7df8f}+ lhNnfsf nfluv'n]sf] /fhkq cg+lst låtLo >]0fL vl/bf/ kbdfb/vf:t lbg hfFbf lg=;]=P]g tyf lgodfjnLn]

lhNnf:t/ / s]Gb|:t/ u/L 5'§f5'§} Promotion Zone

dfg]sf] / lgj]bs s]Gb|:t/df sfo{/t\ sd{rf/L/x]sf]n] lgj]bssf] b/vf:t c:jLs[t ul/Psf] eGg]l/6 lgj]bssf] egfO / ljkIfL nf]s;]jf cfof]usf]lnlvt hjfkm ;d]taf6 b]lvg cfpF5 . /f=k= cg+lstkbsf] cfGtl/s k|ltof]lutf lhNnf:t/df ;Lldtug'{kg]{ egL lg=;]=P]g tyf lgodfjnLn] :ki6 ?kdfJoj:yf gu/]sf] cj:yfdf cfGtl/s k|ltof]lutfdf;kmn pDd]b\jf/nfO{ h'g If]qsf] nflu 5'6\ofOPsf]kb xf] ;f] If]qdf ;]jf ug{ nf]s;]jf cfof]un] k7fpg;Sg] g} x'Fbf k|sflzt lj1fkgcg';f/sf] If]qdf;]jf ug]{ dg;fon] pDd]b\jf/ x'g cfpg] of]Uotfk'u]sf ;+efljt hf];'s} pDd]b\jf/nfO{ ;lDdlntu/fpg ljkIfL nf]s;]jf cfof]unfO{ s'g} sfg"gn]afwf k'Ug hfg] b]lvPg . o;sf cltl/Qm nf]s;]jfcfof]u :jo+n] klg o:t} ljifo ;dfj]z ePsf]g]kfn :jf:Yo ;]jf P]gcGtu{tsf /fhkq cg+lstkb cfGtl/s k|ltof]lutfTds k/LIffåf/f kbk"lt{ubf{ ;DalGwt If]q / c+rndf sfo{/t\ ;DalGwt;]jfsf sd{rf/Lx¿ tt\–tt\ If]q / c+rndf x'g]k/LIffdf pDd]b\jf/ x'g kfpg] Joj:yf ug]{ egLcfof]usf] lg0f{o g++ !*% ldlt @)^$.!!.#) df/f=k= cg+lst sd{rf/Lx¿sf] xsdf lhNnf:t/df;Lldt gu/L If]qLo:t/df ;~rfng ug]{ egL lg0f{ou/]sf] b]lvG5 . k|:t't ljifodf ;f] lg0f{otkm{ Vofngu/L pDd]b\jf/ x'g rfxg] lgj]bs ;d]tsf cGosd{rf/Lsf] xsdf ;d]t leGg lg0f{o u/LlhNnfut?kdf ;Lldt ug]{ egL ul/Psf] lg0f{ocfk}mdf klg Gofof]lrt / ts{k"0f{ dfGg ;lsb}g .o;sf cnfjf To:tf] lgj]bs;d]tsf sd{rf/Lk|sflzt lj1fkg cg';f/sf] k/LIffdf j9'jf ePkl5;DjlGwt lhNnfdf u} sfo{ ug'{kg]{ s'/fdf ljjfb /z+sf ul/ /xg' kg]{ cj:yf b]lvb}g . o;/Lk|lt:kwf{df efu lng jGb]h nufpg] xf] eg] sfg"gn]u/]sf] Joj:yfsf] kfngf x'g g;Sg'sf] cnfjf of]Uopd]bjf/sf] 5gf}6 x'g g;Sg] cj:yfsf] l;h{gf


671671671671671


x'g hfg]tkm{ klg ljkIfL nf]s;]jf cfof]usf] b[i6Lk'Ug ;s]sf] gb]lvFbf oL lgj]bs;d]tsf JolQmcfof]uåf/f k|sflzt /f=k= cg+ låtLo >]0fLsf]lj1fkgdf pDd]b\jf/ x'g kfpg] /x]g5g eGgldn]g .

$= nf]s;]jf cfof]usf] sfd sfjf{xLsfg"g;Ddt 5g\ 5}gg\ eGg] t];|f] k|Zgtkm{ ljrf/ubf{ ldlt @)^$.!@.@& ut] uf]=k=df k|sflzt /f=k=cg+= låtLo >]0fLsf] kbsf nflu k|sflzt lj1fkgdfcf=k|= tkm{ ;DjlGwt lhNnfdf sfo{/t Go"gtd\z}lIfs of]Uotf / Go"gtd\ ;]jf cjlw k'u]sf>]0fLljxLg sd{rf/Ln] dfq b/vf:t lbg kfpg]u/L lj1fkg ePsf]df oL lgj]bs zflns/fdk|;fb9'+u]n pkfWoIf /x]sf] /fli6«o :jtGq sd{rf/L ldngs]Gb|n] of]Uotf / ;]jf cjlw k'u]sf b]zel/sfsd{rf/L k|sflzt lj1fkgdf pDd]b\jf/ x'gkfpg]Joj:yf ul/kfpFm egL lbPsf] lgj]bgdfly cfjZosJofVof / ljZn]if0f u/L dfucg'¿k pDd]b\jf/ x'gkfpg] gkfpg] ;DjGwdf /fo k7fO{ lbg] egL nf]s;]jfcfof]un] ;fdfGo k|zf;g dGqfnodf n]vLk7fPsf]df ;DefJo ;j} pDd]b\jf/n] /fli6«o ?kdf;xefuL x'g kfpg] Joj:yf x'g pko'Qm x'g] egL;fdfGo k|zf;g dGqfnon] r=g++ $^! ldlt@)^%.!.* sf] kqåf/f cfk\mgf] /fo;d]t k7fO{ ;s]sf]eGg] ldl;n ;+nUg sfuhftaf6 b]lvPsf]n] pQm/fosf] j]jf:tf u/L lghfdtL ;]jf / lgodfjnLn]:ki6tM /f=k= cg++ låtLo >]0fLsf] cfGtl/sk|ltof]lutfTds k/LIffdf /fli6«o ?kdf efu lnggkfpg] egL ;Lldt gu/]sf] ljifodf nf]s;]jfcfof]u cfk}mn] dgf]ut lg0f{o u/L lgj]bs;d]tnfO{plNnlvt kbsf] lj1fkgdf ;dfj]z x'g gkfpg]u/L ul/Psf] lj1fkg / ;f];DaGwL sfd sf/jfxLsfg"g;+ut /x]5g\ eGg ldn]g .

%= rf}yf] tyf clGtd k|Zgtkm{ljrf/ ubf{ /f=k=cg+= låtLo >]0fLsf] kbsf] v'Nnfk/LIffnfO{ lghfdtL ;]jf P]g tyf lgodfjnLn]

lhNnfut ?kdf lng'kg]{ egL ;Lldt gu/]sf]cj:yfdf cfGtl/s k|ltof]lutfTds k/LIffnfO{lhNnfut ?kdf ;Lldt ug'{kg]{ sf/0f / cf}lrTogb]lvPsf] tyf nf]s;]jf cfof]un] dfu]sf] /fodf;fdfGo k|zf;g dGqfnon] klg ;f] k/LIff lhNnfdf;Lldt x'g'kg]{ gegL Go"gtd\ ;]jf cjlw / of]Uotfk'u]sf ;j} JolQmn] pDd]b\jf/ x'g kfpg] Joj:yfx'g pko'Qm x'g] egL /fo k7fPsf] b]lvPsf], ;f]/fo / lghfdtL ;]jf P]gsf] bkmf &-!_-3_ / P]=sf]bkmf &-^_ sf] dgf]ut JofVof u/L ul/Psf] /f=k=cg+låtLo >]0fLsf ] cfGtl/s k|ltof ] lutfTdsk/LIff;DaGwL nf]s;]jf cfof]uåf/f ul/Psf sfdsf/jfxL pTk|]if0fsf] cfb]zåf/f jb/ x'g] /x]g5g\egL eGg ldNg] cj:yf b]lvg cfPg .

^= t;y{ lghfdtL ;]jf P]gsf] bkmf&-!_-3_ / P]= sf] bkmf &-^_ df /fhkq cg+lstlåtLo > ]0 f L vl/bf/ kbsf ] cfGtl/sk|ltof]lutfTds k/LIffdf >]0fLljxLg sd{rf/Lx¿;d]t ;dfj]z x'g kfpg] Joj:yf x'Fbfx'Fb} ;f]ljk/Lt pQm k/LIffdf ;lDdlnt x'g gkfpg] egLnf]s;]jf cfof]uaf6 k|sflzt lj1fkg / ;f];DaGwL sfd sf/jfxL / lg0f{o sfg"gtM ldn]sf]gb]lv+bf pTk|]if0fsf] cfb]zåf/f jb/ ul/lbPsf]5 . cj lghfdtL ;]jf P]gsf] bkmf &-^_ cg';f/l/6 lgj]bs ;d]tsf Go"gtd\ ;]jf cjlw / of]Uotfk'u]sf pDd]b\jf/nfO{ k|sflzt lj1fkg cg';f/sf]k/LIffdf ;dfj]z u/fpg' egL ljkIfL nf]s;]jfcfof]usf] gfddf k/dfb]zsf] cfb]z ;d]t hf/Lx 'g ] 7x5 { . k | :t 't cfb ]zsf ] hfgsf/LdxfGofoflwjQmfsf] sfof{nodfkm{t nf]s;]jfcfof]u s]Gb|Lo sfof{nonfO{ lbO{ bfo/Lsf] nuts§f u/L ldl;n lgodfg';f/ a'emfO{ lbg" .

pQm /fodf d ;xdt 5' .Gof=lu/LzrGb| nfnOlt ;+jt\ @)^^ ;fn j}zfv @@ ut] /f]h # z'ed\Ohnf; clws[tM jf;'b]j kf}8]n

672672672672672

lg0f{o g+= *!#@ ;fpg, @)^^

;jf]{Rr cbfnt ;+o'Qm Ohnf;dfggLo GofofwLz >L /fds'df/k|;fb zfxdfggLo GofofwLz >L /fh]Gb|k|;fb sf]O/fnf

;+jt\ @)%( ;fnsf] b] k'=g+= === (#*#km};nf ldltM @)^%.!@.@%.#

d'2f M– lg0f{o btf{ ab/ hUuf xs sfodlvrf]nf .

k'g/fj]bsM sf:sL lhNnf sGwgL8fF8f uf=lj=;=xfn n]vgfy g=kf= j8f g+= $ a:g] e'jfgL/fhef6

la?4k|ToyL{M P]= P]= n]vgfy gu/kflnsf j8f g+= $

a:g] Kofdaxfb'/ /fhef6

z'? k}m;nf ug]{Mdf=lh=Gof=>L 6+saxfb'/ df]Qmfg

k'g/fj]bg k}m;nf ug]{Mdf=Gof= >L tflx/ cnL cG;f/Ldf=Gof=>L xl//fd sf]O/fnf

§ xbDofbsf] k|Zg sfg"gL k|Zg ePsfn]xbDofbsf] k|Zg sfg"gL k|Zg ePsfn]xbDofbsf] k|Zg sfg"gL k|Zg ePsfn]xbDofbsf] k|Zg sfg"gL k|Zg ePsfn]xbDofbsf] k|Zg sfg"gL k|Zg ePsfn]cbfntn] of] laifonfO{ hlxn] klgcbfntn] of] laifonfO{ hlxn] klgcbfntn] of] laifonfO{ hlxn] klgcbfntn] of] laifonfO{ hlxn] klgcbfntn] of] laifonfO{ hlxn] klgp7fpg ;Sg] .p7fpg ;Sg] .p7fpg ;Sg] .p7fpg ;Sg] .p7fpg ;Sg] .

§ sfg"gn] lgwf{l/t u/]sf] xbDofbleqsfg"gn] lgwf{l/t u/]sf] xbDofbleqsfg"gn] lgwf{l/t u/]sf] xbDofbleqsfg"gn] lgwf{l/t u/]sf] xbDofbleqsfg"gn] lgwf{l/t u/]sf] xbDofbleqlkm/fb k/] gk/]sf] x]/L xbDofbleqlkm/fb k/] gk/]sf] x]/L xbDofbleqlkm/fb k/] gk/]sf] x]/L xbDofbleqlkm/fb k/] gk/]sf] x]/L xbDofbleqlkm/fb k/] gk/]sf] x]/L xbDofbleqk/ ]sf ] gb ] lvPdf To:tf ] xbDofbk/ ]sf ] gb ] lvPdf To:tf ] xbDofbk/ ]sf ] gb ] lvPdf To:tf ] xbDofbk/ ]sf ] gb ] lvPdf To:tf ] xbDofbk/ ]sf ] gb ] lvPdf To:tf ] xbDofbgf3]sf] lkm/fbsf] cfwf/df lg0f{o lbggf3]sf] lkm/fbsf] cfwf/df lg0f{o lbggf3]sf] lkm/fbsf] cfwf/df lg0f{o lbggf3]sf] lkm/fbsf] cfwf/df lg0f{o lbggf3]sf] lkm/fbsf] cfwf/df lg0f{o lbgg;lsg] eO{ ;f] lkm/fb vf/]h ug'{kg]{ .g;lsg] eO{ ;f] lkm/fb vf/]h ug'{kg]{ .g;lsg] eO{ ;f] lkm/fb vf/]h ug'{kg]{ .g;lsg] eO{ ;f] lkm/fb vf/]h ug'{kg]{ .g;lsg] eO{ ;f] lkm/fb vf/]h ug'{kg]{ .

-k|s/0f g+=@_§ crn ;DklQdf /x]sf] cfkm\gf] xscrn ;DklQdf /x]sf] cfkm\gf] xscrn ;DklQdf /x]sf] cfkm\gf] xscrn ;DklQdf /x]sf] cfkm\gf] xscrn ;DklQdf /x]sf] cfkm\gf] xs

:jfldTjsf] ;+/If0f ;f ] ;DklQsf]:jfldTjsf] ;+/If0f ;f ] ;DklQsf]:jfldTjsf] ;+/If0f ;f ] ;DklQsf]:jfldTjsf] ;+/If0f ;f ] ;DklQsf]:jfldTjsf] ;+/If0f ;f ] ;DklQsf]

:jfldTj wf/0f ug] { JolQm :jo+n]:jfldTj wf/0f ug] { JolQm :jo+n]:jfldTj wf/0f ug] { JolQm :jo+n]:jfldTj wf/0f ug] { JolQm :jo+n]:jfldTj wf/0f ug] { JolQm :jo+n]ug'{kg]{ / c? s;}n] ;f] xs ckx/0fug'{kg]{ / c? s;}n] ;f] xs ckx/0fug'{kg]{ / c? s;}n] ;f] xs ckx/0fug'{kg]{ / c? s;}n] ;f] xs ckx/0fug'{kg]{ / c? s;}n] ;f] xs ckx/0fu/ ]sf ] yfxf kfPsf ] cj:yfdf g }u/ ]sf ] yfxf kfPsf ] cj:yfdf g }u/ ]sf ] yfxf kfPsf ] cj:yfdf g }u/ ]sf ] yfxf kfPsf ] cj:yfdf g }u/ ]sf ] yfxf kfPsf ] cj:yfdf g }sfg"gL pkfosf] cjnDag ug'{kg]{ .sfg"gL pkfosf] cjnDag ug'{kg]{ .sfg"gL pkfosf] cjnDag ug'{kg]{ .sfg"gL pkfosf] cjnDag ug'{kg]{ .sfg"gL pkfosf] cjnDag ug'{kg]{ .

§ sfg"gn] lgwf{/0f u/]sf] ;dofjlwleqsfg"gn] lgwf{/0f u/]sf] ;dofjlwleqsfg"gn] lgwf{/0f u/]sf] ;dofjlwleqsfg"gn] lgwf{/0f u/]sf] ;dofjlwleqsfg"gn] lgwf{/0f u/]sf] ;dofjlwleqsfg"gL pkfosf] cjnDag gu/] ;f]sfg"gL pkfosf] cjnDag gu/] ;f]sfg"gL pkfosf] cjnDag gu/] ;f]sfg"gL pkfosf] cjnDag gu/] ;f]sfg"gL pkfosf] cjnDag gu/] ;f];dofjlwkZrft\ cyf {t xbDofb;dofjlwkZrft\ cyf {t xbDofb;dofjlwkZrft\ cyf {t xbDofb;dofjlwkZrft\ cyf {t xbDofb;dofjlwkZrft\ cyf {t xbDofbg3fO { sfg "gL pkrf/ vf ]Hg ]nfO {g3fO { sfg "gL pkrf/ vf ]Hg ]nfO {g3fO { sfg "gL pkrf/ vf ]Hg ]nfO {g3fO { sfg "gL pkrf/ vf ]Hg ]nfO {g3fO { sfg "gL pkrf/ vf ]Hg ]nfO {cbfntn] ;xof]u ug{ g;Sg] .cbfntn] ;xof]u ug{ g;Sg] .cbfntn] ;xof]u ug{ g;Sg] .cbfntn] ;xof]u ug{ g;Sg] .cbfntn] ;xof]u ug{ g;Sg] .

-k|s/0f g+=#_k'g/fj]bs tkm{af6M ljåfg clwjQmf >L j;Gt/fd

e08f/Lk|ToyL{ tkm{af6M ljåfg clwjQmf >L ljZjk|sfz

l;Ub]ncjnlDjt ghL/M;Da4 sfg"gM§ hUuf khgLsf] !& g+=§ hUuf ldRg]sf] !* g+=

km};nfGof=/fds'df/k|;fb zfxM Gof=/fds'df/k|;fb zfxM Gof=/fds'df/k|;fb zfxM Gof=/fds'df/k|;fb zfxM Gof=/fds'df/k|;fb zfxM k'g/fj]bg

cbfnt kf]v/fsf] @)%*.(.!& sf] k}m;nfpk/k|ltjfbLn] d'2f bf]xf]¥ofO{ x]/L kfpmF egL lgj]bglbO{ o; cbfntaf6 Gofo k|zf;g P]g, @)$*sf] bkmf !@-!_-s_ / -v_ adf]lhd bf]xf]¥ofO{ x]g]{lg:;f k|bfg ePsf] k|:t't d'2fsf] ;+lIfKt ljj/0f/ 7x/ o; k|sf/ 5M–

ljkIfL e'jfgL /fhef6 d]/f sfsf gftfkg'{ x'G5 . ljkIfL sfsf e'jfgL /fhef6 tyf d]/fjfj' n6] /fhef6 ;d]tsf aLr ;e]{ gfkL x'g'eGbf cufl8 g} Jojxf/ k|df0faf6 c+zj08f ;d]te} cf–cfˆgf] lx;fjn] cnu–cnu a;L sfdJojxf/ ul/cfPsf 5f}+ . afa' n6] /fhef6sf gfpFdfgfkL btf{ e} ;|]:tf k"hf{ dfq lng jfFsL /x]sf]ca:yfdf ljjflbt ;fljs sGwgL8fF8f uf= k+=j8f g+= % ls= g+= !)$ sf] If]= km= )–*–)–@ sf]

*!#@ *!#@ *!#@ *!#@ *!#@ - e'jfgL /fhef6 lj= Kofdaxfb'/ /fhef6 e'jfgL /fhef6 lj= Kofdaxfb'/ /fhef6 e'jfgL /fhef6 lj= Kofdaxfb'/ /fhef6 e'jfgL /fhef6 lj= Kofdaxfb'/ /fhef6 e'jfgL /fhef6 lj= Kofdaxfb'/ /fhef6

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hUuf unt tYo pNn]v u/L dfnkf]t sfof{nosf:sLsf] ldlt @)#(.!).!& sf] lg0f{ofg';f/ljkIfL e'jfgL /fhef6n] cfˆgf gfpFdf 5"6 hUufegL btf{ ug'{ ePsf]] / xssf] ;|f]tsf] cefjdfljkIfLn] u/fPsf] btf{ cfk}mFdf b"lift Pj+ cdfGodfGg'kg]{ x'Fbf dfnkf]t sfof{no sf:sLsf] ldlt@)#(.!).!& sf] lg0f{o / ;f] cfwf/df ljkIfLn]u/fPsf] ls= g+= !)$ sf] btf{ ;d]t ab/ u/LpQm lsQf hUufdf d lkm/fbLsf] xs sfod u/Ld]/} gfpFdf btf{ gfd;f/L bf= vf= u/L ljkIfLn]u/]sf] lvrf]nf ;d]t d]6fO{ xs OG;fkm ul/kfpmFeGg]] ldlt @)%$.!@.@^ sf] jfbL Kofdaxfb'//fhef6sf] lkm/fb kq .

ljkIfL jfbL Kofdaxfb'/ d]/f bfh' n6]sf5f]/f d]/f elthf gftf kg]{ x'g\ . @)#@ ;fndflsQfsf6 x'Fbf !)#, !)%, (! ls= g+=sf hUufd]/f gfpFdf ls= sf= / ls= g+= !)$ e"n e} bfh'n6]sf gfpFdf ls= sf= ePsf] xf] . bfh' n6]sfxs ef]usf] hUuf xf]Og . ;f] hUuf ;fljsb]lvd}n] ef]urng cdf]bsdf]b ub}{ cfPsf] / xfnklg d}n] g} ef]urng ub}{ cfPsf] 5' . d}n] b"liftbtf{ u/]sf] xf]Og . b"lift btf{ u/]sf] eg]sf]ljkIfLsf] egfO em"¶f xf] . k|:t't hUuf @)#(;fndf btf{ ePsf] s'/f ljkIfLnfO{ p;} avtyfxf hfgsf/L ePsf]n] hUuf khgLsf] !& g+= /hUuf ldRg]sf] !* g+= sf] xbDofbleq ph"/ k/]sf]5}g . xbDofb gf3L bfo/ ePsf] k|:t't d'2faf6OG;fkm ug{ gldNg] x'Fbf lkm/fb bfjL vf/]h ul/kfpmFeGg] ;d]t Joxf]/fsf] ldlt @)%%.$.* sf] k|ltjfbLe'jfgL /fhef6sf] k|ltpQ/ kq .

o; } nufpsf ] log } jfbLn ] log }k|ltjfbLpk/ lbPsf] hfn;fhL d'2fdf cfh o;}j]Graf6 jfbL bfjL xbDofbleq /x] ePsf] gx'Fbfvf/]h x'g] 7x5{ egL k}m;nf ePsf]n] ;f]xL cfwf/k|df0faf6 k|:t't d'2fdf k|ltjfbLpk/ jfbL bfjLnfUg ;Sg] cj:yf gx'Fbf c=j+= !*) g+= adf]lhd

lkm/fb vf/]h x'g] 7x5{ eGg] ;d]t Joxf]/fsf]sf:sL lhNnf cbfntsf] @)%%.%.@% sf] k}m;nf .

hUuf khgLsf] @s g+=, h= ld= sf] !*g+= tyf dfnkf]t P]g, @)#$ sf] bkmf & nufotk|df0f P]g, @)#! sf] bkmf %$ sf] k|ltjGwfTdsjfSof+z ;d]tsf] k|ToIf k|lts"n /x]sf]n] sf:sLlhNnf cbfntsf] k}m;nf q'l6k"0f{ 5 . pQm k}m;nfab/ u/L d]/f] lkm/fb bfjL tyf k'g/fj]bglhsL/adf]lhd ljjflbt ls= g+= !)$ sf] hUufljkIfL sfsf e'jfgL /fhef6sf gfpFdf btf{ ug]{u/L ePsf] dfnkf]t sfof{no sf:sLsf] lg0f{oab/ u/L pQm hUufdf d]/} xs sfod u/LljkIfLsf] lvrf]nf ;d]t d]6fO{ xs OG;fkm ul/kfpmFeGg] ;d]t Joxf]/fsf] Kofdaxfb'/ /fhef6sf]k'g/fj]bg kq .

bfjLsf] laifodf lkmN8j'sdf hUufwgLegL b]vfOPsf] JolQmafx]s csf]{ c+lzof/f e'jfgL/fhef6n] hUuf btf{ u/fPsf] ;d]tsf s'/fnfO{dWogh/ /fvL d'2fsf] cf}lrTosf cfwf/df7x/]adf]lhd k}m;nf x'g ;Sg] b]lvPsf]n] hf] h]a'‰g' kg]{ a'emL 7x/]adf]lhd OG;fkm ug'{ egLpkl:yt kIf ljkIfLx¿nfO{ sf:sL lhNnfcbfntsf] tf/]v tf]sL z'? ldl;n ;d]t k7fO{lbg' eGg] ;d]t k'g/fj]bg cbfnt kf]v/fsf]@)%&.!@.& sf] k}m;nf .

ljjflbt hUuf jfbLs} lktfsf] xs ef]usf]b]lvg cfPsf] x'Fbf ls= g+= !)$ sf] hUuf k|ltjfbLsf]gfpFdf btf{ ug]{ u/]sf] dfnkf]t sfof{no sf:sLsf]ldlt @)#(.!).!& sf] lg0f{o q'l6k"0f{ ePsf]n] lkm/fbbfjLcg';f/ ljjflbt ls= g+= !)$ sf] hUufk|ltjfbLsf] gfpFdf btf{ ug]{ u/]sf] lg0f{o ab/ e};f] lg0f{osf] cfwf/df k|ltjfbLsf] gfpFdf ug]{u/]sf] btf{ ;d]t ab/ x'g] / jfbLsf] xs sfode} jfbLsf] gfpFdf btf{ x'g] ;fy} lvrf]nf d]6fO{kfpg] 7x5{ eGg] ;d]tsf] sf:sL lhNnf cbfntsf]k}m;nf .

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pQm k}m;nfdf lrQ a'e]mg . oL jfbLn]ls= g+= !)$ sf] hUuf bfh'n] ef]urng u/]sf]hUuf xf]Og . e"naf6 lkmN8j'sdf bfh'sf] gfddfpNn]v eP klg bfh'n] g} d}n] btf{ u/L vfgkfpg] s'/f :jLsf/ ug'{ e} lrQ a'emfO{ a:g'ePsf] xf] . pQm hUuf bfh'sf] c+z efudf k/]sf]xf]Og . To:tf] hUuf d]/f gfpFdf btf{ ePsf]df;f] btf{ ;d]t ab/ u/L jfbLsf] xs sfod u/Llgh}sf gfpFdf btf{ ug]{ ;d]t u/]sf] z'?sf] k}m;nfldn]sf] gx'Fbf ;f] k}m;nf pN6L u/L d]/f gfpFdfePsf] btf{;|]:tf ;b/ sfod ul/kfpmF eGg] ;d]tJoxf]/fsf] k|ltjfbLsf] k'g/fj]bg cbfnt kf]v/fdfk/]sf] k'g/fj]bg .

ls= g+= !)$ sf] hUuf ldlt @)#@.@.@@df gfkL x'Fbf n6] /fhef6sf] gfpFdf gfkL ePsf]b]lvG5 . Ps} lbg tLg lsQf hUuf gfkL ePsf]dfls= g+= !)# / !)% sf] hUuf e'jfgL /fhef6sf]gfpFdf gfkL ePsf] cj:yfdf ;f]xL ldltdf gfkLePsf] ls= g+= !)$ jfbLsf lktfsf gfpFdf gfkLePaf6 ;d]t pQm hUufdf k'g/fj]bssf] xsk'Ug] eGg ;lsg] cj:yf 5}g . ;fy} jfbLn] k]zu/]sf] @)#$.!!.#) sf] /l;bdf plNnlvt dgf]/ylhDdfsf] @( ;j{hLt btf{sf] hUuf g} gfkLdfls=g+= !)$ af6 gfkL ePsf] cj:yfdf bfjLsf]hUuf k'g/fj]bssf] /x]5 eGg gldn]sf]n] sf:sLlhNnf cbfntsf] @)%*.#.!@ sf] k}m;nf ldn]sf]b]lvFbf ;b/ x'G5 eGg] k'g/fj]bg cbfnt kf]v/fsf]@)%*.(.!& sf] k}m;nf .

xfdL tLg bfh'efO{ cnu–cnu a;LcfPsf] cj:yfdf @)#@ ;fndf gfkL x'Fbf d]/fgfpFdf btf{ x'g'kg]{ hUufdWo] ls= g+= !)$ e"naf6bfh' n6] /fhef6sf] gfpF pNn]v x'g uPsf]dfbfh'sf] ;Nnfx / ;xdltaf6 @)#(.!).!& dfdfnkf]t sfof{noaf6 lg0f{o u/fO{ d]/f gfpFdfbtf{ ePsf] xf] . ;f] hUuf btf{ ubf{ ljkIfsf jfj'd]/f bfh' n6] /fhef6sf] ;xdlt lyof] . hUuf

btf{ ePsf] !% jif{kl5 bfo/ ePsf] lkm/fb xbDofbgf3]sf] 5 . ljkIfLsf] jfj' n6] /fhef6n] xssfod gu/fO{ d}n] btf{ u/L lnPsf] hUufnfO{gfd;f/L u/fO{ dfUg] xs ljkIfnfO{ 5}g . sf:sLlhNnf cbfntsf] k}m;nf ;b/ ug]{ u/]sf] k'g/fj]bgcbfnt kf]v/fsf] k}m;nfdf c=j+= *@ g+=, h=k=sf] @ s tyf !& g+= ;fy} k|df0f P]g, @)#! sf]bkmf %$ tyf ;jf]{Rr cbfntaf6 k|ltkflbtsfg"gL l;4fGtsf] ;d]t q'l6 x'g uPsf]n] d'2fbf]xf]¥ofO{ x]/L pQm k}m;nfx¿ pN6L u/L GofokfpmF eGg] e'jfgL /fhef6sf] o; cbfntdf k/]sf]lgj]bg kq .

o;df dfnkf ]t sfof {nosf ] ldlt@)#(.!).!& sf] lg0f{oaf6 ljjfbsf] hUufk|ltjfbLsf] gfddf btf{ x'g hfFbf To;j]nf hLljt}/x]sf jfbLsf] j'jf n6] /fhef6n] cfˆgf] xssfod u/fpg ;s]sf] b]lvFb}g . n6] /fhef6s}xssf] ;DklQdf jfbLsf] xs k'Ug] x'Fbf jfbLsf]jfj' n6] /fhef6n] g} ljjflbt hUufdf xs sfodu/fpg g;s]sf] cj:yfdf k|ltjfbLsf] gfpFdf@)#( ;fnsf] lg0f{oaf6 btf{ ePsf] hUufdf jfbLn]gfn]; ug]{ xsb}of /x]sf] eGg tyf @)%$ ;fndfk/]sf] lkm/fb xbDofbleqsf] eGg ;lsg] ePg .o;/L @)#( ;fnsf] btf{sf ;DaGwdf xs} gk'Ug]jfbLsf] @)%$ ;fndf k/]sf] lkm/fbaf6 jfbLbfjLadf]lhd lg0f{o btf{ ab/ ug] { u/]sf]k'g/fj]bg cbfntsf] k}m;nfdf c=j+= *@ g+=,hUuf khgLsf] !& g+= / hUuf ldRg]sf] !* g+=;d]tsf] JofVofTds q'l6 x'g'sf] cltl/Qm o;cbfntaf6 g]= sf= k= @)$$ cÍ % k[i7 %%^df k|sflzt lg= g+= #)(# sf] gfd;f/L btf{ab/ d'2fdf k|ltkflbt l;4fGt ;d]tsf] ljk/Ltx'Fbf Gofo k|zf;g P]g, @)$* sf] bkmf !@-!_-s_ / -v_ sf] cfwf/df bf]xf]¥ofO{ x]g]{ lg:;fk|bfg ul/Psf] 5 eGg] o; cbfntsf] ldlt@)%(.@.!^ sf] cfb]z .


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lgodadf]lhd b}lgs k]zL ;"rLdf r9Lo; Ohnf;;dIf k]z x'g cfPsf] k|:t't d'2fdfk'g/fj]bs÷k|ltjfbL tk{maf6 pkl:yt ljåfgclwjQmf >L j;Gt/fd e08f/Ln] jfbLsf jfj'hLljt /x]s} ca:yfdf lghsf] ;xdltaf6}k|ltjfbLsf] gfpFdf hUuf btf{ u/fOPsf] xf] .jfbLsf jfj'sf] ph"/L k/]sf] 5}g . hUuf btf{ePsf] w]/} ;dokl5 xbDofb g3fO{ bfo/ x'gcfPsf] lkm/fbaf6 OG;fkm ug{ gldNg] ePsf]n]lkm/fb vf/]h ug'{kg]{df jfbL bfjL k'Ug] 7x/ u/]sf]k}m;nf gldn]sf] x'Fbf pQm k}m;nfx¿ pN6L x'g'k5{egL / k|ToyL{÷jfbL tk{maf6 pkl:yt ljåfgclwjQmf >L ljZjk|sfz l;Ub]nn] ljjflbt hUufjfbLsf] jfj' n6] /fhef6sf] ePsf] / lghsf]gfpFdf gfkL ePsf] 5 . n6] /fhef6sf] xs vfg]Ps dfq JolQm oL lkm/fbL ePsf] ca:yfdf ljjflbthUuf jfbLsf] sfod ug]{ u/]sf] k}m;nfx¿ cGoyfgx'Fbf ;b/ x'g'k5{ egL ug'{ ePsf] ax; ;d]t;'lgof] .

ljåfg sfg"g Joj;foLx¿n] ug'{ ePsf]ax; ;'gL ;Dk"0f{ ldl;nx¿ cWoog u/L x]bf{jfbL bfjL k'Ug] 7x/ u/]sf] sf:sL lhNnf cbfntsf]k}m;nf ;b/ ug]{ u/]sf] k'g/fj]bg cbfnt kf]v/fsf]k}m;nf ldn] gldn]sf] s] /x]5 ;f] ;DaGwdf g}lg0f{o lbg'kg]{ x'g cfof] .

jfbLn] cfˆgf] jfj' n6] /fhef6sf] gfpFdfgfkL ePsf] ;|]:tf k"hf{ lng dfq jfFsL /x]sf] ls=g+= !)$ sf] hUuf ;DaGwdf unt tYo pNn]vu/L dfnkf ]t sfof {no sf:sLaf6 ldlt@)#(.!).!& df lg0f{o u/fO{ ljkIfLn] cfkm\gf]gfpFdf btf{ u/fPsfn] ;f] btf{ ab/ u/L xssfod btf{ ;d]t ul/kfpmF eGg] jfbL bfjL ePsf]dfe"naf6 n6] /fhef6sf] gfpdf gfkL ePsf] cfˆgf]c+z efusf] hUuf jfbLsf jfj'sf] hLjgsfndfg} lghsf] ;xdltdf btf{ u/fPsf] x'F eGg] k|ltpQ/lhsL/ /x]sf] kfOG5 . z'? sf:sL lhNnf cbfntn]

lkm/fb bfjL vf/]h u/] pk/ jfbLsf] k'g/fj]bgcbfnt kf]v/fdf k'g/fj]bg k/L k'g/fj]bgcbfnt kf]v/faf6 7x/] adf]lhd OG;fkm ug'{egL] km};nf ePsf]df sf:sL lhNnf cbfntn]jfbL bfjLadf]lhd k|ltjfbLsf] gfpFdf btf{ ug]{u/]sf] dfnkf]t sfof{no sf:sLsf] lg0f{o ab/ug]{ km};nf u/]sf] / ;f] k}m;nfnfO{ k'g/fj]bgcbfnt kf]v/fn] ;b/ u/]kl5 k|ltjfbLsf] o;cbfntdf d'2f bf]xf]¥ofO{ kfpmF egL lgj]bg k/Lbf]xf]¥ofO{ x]g]{ lg:;f k|bfg e} lg0f{ofy{ o;Ohnf;;dIf k]z x'g cfPsf] 5 .

@= lg0f{otk{m ljrf/ ubf{ oL jfbLKofdaxfb'/ /fhef6sf jfj' n6] /fhef6 /k|ltjfbL e'jfgL /fhef6 bfh'efO{ gftfsf JolQmePsf]df kIf ljkIfjLr ljjfb 5}g . afbL bfjLsf]ls= g+= !)$ sf] hUuf @)#@ ;fndf ;j]{ gfkLx'Fbf jfbLsf afa' n6] /fhef6sf] gfddf gfkL ePklg e'jfgL /fhef6n] ;f] hUuf cfˆgf] c+z xssf]egL dfnkf]t sfof{no sf:sLdf b/vf:t lbO{e'jfgL /fhef6sf] gfpFdf dfnkf]t sfof{nosf:sLsf] ldlt @)#(.!).!& sf] lg0f{ocg';f/btf{ ePsf] b]lvG5 . n6] /fhef6 / e'jfgL /fhef6Ps} jfj'sf] 5f]/f eO{ @))% ;fnsf] 3/;f/sf]j08fkqadf]lhd lghx¿jLr j08f ePsf] s'/fdfjfbL k|ltjfbL b'j} kIfsf] d'v ldn]sf] 5 .lkmN8j'sdf n6] /fhef6sf] gfpFdf gfkL ePsf]pQm hUuf n6] /fhef6sf] c+lzof/ e'jfgL/fhef6n] cfkm\gf] c+z xssf] egL lgh n6]/fhef6sf] hLjgsfndf g} btf{ u/fPsf] b]lvG5 .pQm hUuf n6] /fhef6sf] xsef]usf] hUuf ePsf]eP lgh :jo+n] cfkm\gf] hLjgsfndf g} btf{ab/tk{m sf/jfxL u/L cfkm\gf] gfpFdf sfodu/fO{ lng ;Sg'kg]{df jfbLsf jfj' n6] /fhef6n];f] u/]sf] b]lvb}g . n6] /fhef6sf] d[To' @)$).&.&df ePsf] b]lvG5 . cfˆgf] xssf] hUuf c?n] btf{u/fPsf] eP hUuf khgLsf] !& g+= sf] xbDofbleq

676676676676676

lgh hLljt /x]sf] ca:yfdf g} ph"/L lbg'kg]{df;f] ;DaGwdf lghsf] s'g} ph"/L k/]sf] kfOb}g . lghn6] /fhef6sf] d[To'kZrft\ n6] /fhef6sf 5f]/f oLjfbLn] jfj'sf] gfpFsf] ljleGg hUufx¿ @)$#.(.$df gfd;f/L u/fO{ lnPsf] b]lvG5 . ;f] ca:yfdf oLjfbLn] cfkm\gf] jfj'sf] gfpFsf] pQm hUuf ;d]tcfkm\gf] xf] eGg / gfd;f/L u/L kfpg lgj]bg lbPsf]/ gfd;f/L u/fPsf] b]lvFb}g . cfˆgf] jfj'sf] gfpFsf]hUuf c?n] btf{ u/fOlnPsf] s'/f klxnf yfxf x'gg;s] tfklg jfj'sf] d[To'kl5 lghsf] gfpFsf] hUufgfd;f/L u/fpFbfsf cj:yfdf eg] ;f] hUuf c?n]btf{ u/fO{ lnPsf] s'/f :jfefljs¿kdf yfxf x'g]x'G5 . To; sf/0fn] gfd;f/L u/fPsf] ldltnfO{ g}yfxf kfPsf] egL ts{;+ut ¿kdf dfGg'kg]{ x'G5 .t/,jfbLn] cfkm\gf] jfj'sf] gfdaf6 cfkm\gf] gfddfgfd;f/L u/fPsf] @)$#.(.$ af6 d'n'sL P]g hUufkhgLsf] !& g+= / hUuf ldRg]sf] !* g+= ;d]tsf]xbDofbleq k|:t't lkm/fb gk/L @)%$.!@.@^ dfdfq k/]sf] kfOG5 . xbDofbsf] k|Zg sfg"gL k|Zg x'g]ePsf]n] cbfntn] of] ljifonfO{ hlxn] klg p7fpg;Sg] / sfg"gn] lgwf{l/t u/]sf] xbDofbleq lkm/fbk/] gk/]sf] egL x]g{ ;lsg] x'G5 / lkm/fb xbDofbleqk/]sf] gb]lvPdf To:tf] xbDofb gf3]sf] lkm/fbsf]cfwf/df lg0f{o lbg g;lsg] eO{ ;f] lkm/fb vf/]hug'{kg]{ x'G5 .

#= crn ;DklQdf /x]sf] cfkm\gf]xs :jfldTjsf] ;+/If0f ;f] ;DklQsf] :jfldTjwf/0f ug]{ JolQm :jo+n] ug'{kg]{ / c? s;}n] ;f]xs ckx/0f u/]sf] yfxf kfPsf] cj:yfdf g}sfg"gL pkfosf] cjnDag ug'{kg]{ x'G5 . sfg"gn]lgwf{/0f u/]sf] ;dofjlwleq sfg"gL pkfosf]cjnDag gu/] ;f] ;dofjlw kZrft\ cyf{txbDofb g3fO{ sfg"gL pkrf/ vf]Hg]nfO{ cbfntn];xof]u ug{ g;Sg] x'G5 .

$= o;/L jfbLsf afj'sf gfddfgfkL ePsf] ls= g+= !)$ sf] hUuf cfˆgf]

hLjgsfndf g} c?n] btf{ u/fO{ lnPsf]df ;f]hUuf cfkm\gf] xs ef]usf] /x]sf] eP cfkm" hLljt/x]sf] cj:yfdf g} oL jfbLsf jfj' :jo+n] cfˆgf]xs sfod u/fO{ lng'kg]{df ;f] u/fPsf] b]lvPg .lghsf] d[To'kl5 oL jfbLn] klg lktfsf] gfdsf]hUuf @)$# ;fndf gfd;f/L u/fpFbf yfxf kfpg'kg]{ dgfl;j / tYoo'Qm sf/0f / ca:yf x'Fbfx'Fb};f]xL ldltb]lv P]gsf] xbDofbleq gfn]z gu/Ldfnkf]t sfof{nosf] pQm @)#(.!).!& sf] lg0f{oab/ u/L kfpg xbDofb g3fO{ @)%$ ;fndfdfq bfjL u/]sf]n] To:tf] xbDofb gf3]sf] lkm/fbsf]cfwf/df ;f] lg0f{o ab/ u/]sf] sf:sL lhNnfcbfntsf] k}m;nf ;b/ u/]sf] k'g/fj]bg cbfntkf]v/fsf] k}m;nf hUuf khgLsf] !& g+= / hUufldRg]sf] !* g+= sf] sfg"gL Joj:yfsf] q'l6 u/LePsf] b]lvFbf pQm b'j} k}m;nfx¿ ldn]sf] gb]lvFbfpN6L eO{ ab/ x'g] / dfly ljj]rgf ul/Padf]lhdxbDofbleq lkm/fb gk/L P]gn] tf]s]sf] xbDofbg3fO{ k/]sf] jfbLsf] lkm/fb vf/]h x'g] 7x5{ . c?tk;Ln adf]lhd ug"{ .

tkl;ndfly OG;fkm v08df n]lvPcg';f/

sf:sL lhNnf cbfnt tyf k'g/fj]bg cbfntkf]v/fsf] k}m;nf pN6L e} lkm/fb vf/]h x'g]7x/]sfn] sf:sL lhNnf cbfntsf] k}m;nfsf]tkl;n v08sf] b]xfo ! df n]lvPcg';f/ ls= g+=!)$ sf] hUufsf] k|ltjfbLsf] gfdsf] btf{ ab/u/L jfbLsf gfddf btf{ u/L lbg] egL dfnkf]tsfof{nodf n]vL k7fO{ lbg] eGg] nut sfod/xg g;Sg] x'Fbf ;f] nut s§f ug'{ egL sf:sLlhNnf cbfntdf n]vL k7fpg"––––––!

lkm/fb bfjL vf/]h x'g] 7x/]sf]n] z'?km};nfadf]lhd jfbLn] k|ltjfbLaf6 e/L kfpg]7x/]sf] sf]6{ kmL ? #*$.– k|ltjfbLn] k'g/fj]bgubf{ /=g+= !$*^ ldlt @)%*.&.@) af6 k'g/fj]bg


677677677677677


cbfnt kf]v/fdf w/f}6 /fv]sf] b]lvFbf ;f] w/f}6L/sd jfbLn] e/L gkfpg] / k|ltjfbLn] lkmtf{kfpg] x'Fbf ;f] /sd lkmtf{ kfpmF egL k|ltjfbLsf]P]gsf] Dofbleq /Ltk"j{ssf] lgj]bg k/] lghnfO{lkmtf{ lbg' egL k'g/fj]bg cbfnt kf]v/fdf n]vLk7fpg' / k|ltjfbLn] k'g/fj]bg cbfnt kf]v/fdf/fv]sf] sf]6{ kmL ?= %*.– / o; cbfntdf /fv]sf]sf]6{= kmL= ?= %&.%) ;d]t hDdf ?= !!%.%)jfbLaf6 lghn] e/L kfpg] x'Fbf ;f] sf]6{ kmLe/fO{kfpmF egL k|ltjfbLn] P]g adf]lhd jfbLsf]h]yf b]vfO{ b/vf:t lbP e/fO{ lbg' egL z'?sf:sL lhNnf cbfntdf n]vL k7fpg" ==@

k|:t't d'2fsf] bfo/Lsf] nut s§f u/Lldl;n lgodfg';f/ u/L a'emfO{ lbg" ––––––#pQm /fodf ;xdt 5' .Gof=/fh]Gb|k|;fb sf]O/fnfOlt ;Dat @)^% ;fn r}t @% ut] /f]h # z'ed\\Ohnf; clws[t – lzlz//fh 9sfn

lg0f{o g+= *!## ;fpg, @)^^

;jf]{Rr cbfnt, ;+o'Qm Ohnf;dfggLo GofofwLz >L /fds'df/k|;fb zfxdfggLo GofofwLz >L s[i0fk|;fb pkfWofo

;+jt\ @)^# ;fnsf] l/6 g+= -- )*$)cfb]z ldltM @)^%.!@.!!.#

ljifoM– pTk|]if0fo'St k/dfb]z .

lgj]bsM sf:sL lhNnf sfFx' uf=lj=;= j8f g+= !3/ eO{ g]kfn a}+s lnld6]8 zfvf sfof{nojfUn'ªsf] ;xfos kbaf6 kb 36'jful/Psf ;'jf;rGb| cfrfo{

la?4ljkIfLM g]kfn a}+s lnld6]8, k|wfg sfof{no, wd{ky,

sf7df8f}+ ;d]t

§ ;hfo lbg kfpg] clwsf/Ln] ;hfo;hfo lbg kfpg] clwsf/Ln] ;hfo;hfo lbg kfpg] clwsf/Ln] ;hfo;hfo lbg kfpg] clwsf/Ln] ;hfo;hfo lbg kfpg] clwsf/Ln] ;hfolbg] ;DaGwdf :ki6Ls/0f lng] lg0f{olbg] ;DaGwdf :ki6Ls/0f lng] lg0f{olbg] ;DaGwdf :ki6Ls/0f lng] lg0f{olbg] ;DaGwdf :ki6Ls/0f lng] lg0f{olbg] ;DaGwdf :ki6Ls/0f lng] lg0f{ou/]kl5 ;f] lg0f{oadf]lhdsf] ;"rgfu/]kl5 ;f] lg0f{oadf]lhdsf] ;"rgfu/]kl5 ;f] lg0f{oadf]lhdsf] ;"rgfu/]kl5 ;f] lg0f{oadf]lhdsf] ;"rgfu/]kl5 ;f] lg0f{oadf]lhdsf] ;"rgfcGo JolQmn] lbg ldNg] .cGo JolQmn] lbg ldNg] .cGo JolQmn] lbg ldNg] .cGo JolQmn] lbg ldNg] .cGo JolQmn] lbg ldNg] .

-k|s/0f g+=@_§ dftxtsf sd{rf/Lsf] unt sfo{sf]dftxtsf sd{rf/Lsf] unt sfo{sf]dftxtsf sd{rf/Lsf] unt sfo{sf]dftxtsf sd{rf/Lsf] unt sfo{sf]dftxtsf sd{rf/Lsf] unt sfo{sf]

lgoGq0f ug{ g;Sg' / gSsnL j}+slgoGq0f ug{ g;Sg' / gSsnL j}+slgoGq0f ug{ g;Sg' / gSsnL j}+slgoGq0f ug{ g;Sg' / gSsnL j}+slgoGq0f ug{ g;Sg' / gSsnL j}+sAofn]G;, :6]6d]06 hf/L ug] { tyfAofn]G;, :6]6d]06 hf/L ug] { tyfAofn]G;, :6]6d]06 hf/L ug] { tyfAofn]G;, :6]6d]06 hf/L ug] { tyfAofn]G;, :6]6d]06 hf/L ug] { tyfu|fxssf] gfddf sfNklgs ¿kdfu|fxssf] gfddf sfNklgs ¿kdfu|fxssf] gfddf sfNklgs ¿kdfu|fxssf] gfddf sfNklgs ¿kdfu|fxssf] gfddf sfNklgs ¿kdf/sd hDdf u/L To:tf] sfNklgs/sd hDdf u/L To:tf] sfNklgs/sd hDdf u/L To:tf] sfNklgs/sd hDdf u/L To:tf] sfNklgs/sd hDdf u/L To:tf] sfNklgsvftfaf6 cfkm\gf] vftfdf /sd hDdfvftfaf6 cfkm\gf] vftfdf /sd hDdfvftfaf6 cfkm\gf] vftfdf /sd hDdfvftfaf6 cfkm\gf] vftfdf /sd hDdfvftfaf6 cfkm\gf] vftfdf /sd hDdfu/L /sd lemSg' km/s–km/s s;"/u/L /sd lemSg' km/s–km/s s;"/u/L /sd lemSg' km/s–km/s s;"/u/L /sd lemSg' km/s–km/s s;"/u/L /sd lemSg' km/s–km/s s;"/x'g ] ePsfn] km/s–km/s s;"/dfx'g ] ePsfn] km/s–km/s s;"/dfx'g ] ePsfn] km/s–km/s s;"/dfx'g ] ePsfn] km/s–km/s s;"/dfx'g ] ePsfn] km/s–km/s s;"/dfs;"/sf] dfqf cg';f/ km/s km/ss;"/sf] dfqf cg';f/ km/s km/ss;"/sf] dfqf cg';f/ km/s km/ss;"/sf] dfqf cg';f/ km/s km/ss;"/sf] dfqf cg';f/ km/s km/s;hfo x'g] .;hfo x'g] .;hfo x'g] .;hfo x'g] .;hfo x'g] .

-k|s/0f g+=#_lgj]bs tkm{af6M ljåfg clwjQmf >L xl/k|;fb

pk|]tLljkIfL tkm{af6M ljåfg clwjQmf >L z}n]Gb|s'df/

bfxfncjnlDjt ghL/M;Da4 sfg"gM§ g]kfn a}+s lnld6]8 sd{rf/L lgodfjnL,

@)$* sf] lgod *=$-s_ / -#_§ g]kfn j} +s lnld6]8 sd{rf/L ;]jf

ljlgodfjnL, @)^@ sf] ljlgod !@=!-#_,!@=$-@_, !@=!! / cg';"rL @$

cfb]zGof=/fds'df/k|;fb zfxMGof=/fds'df/k|;fb zfxMGof=/fds'df/k|;fb zfxMGof=/fds'df/k|;fb zfxMGof=/fds'df/k|;fb zfxM g]kfnsf]

cGtl/d ;+ljwfg, @)^# sf] wf/f #@÷!)& cg';f/o; cbfntdf kg{ cfPsf] k|:t't l/6 lgj]bgsf];+lIfKt ljj/0f / cfb]z o; k|sf/ 5M–

d lgj]bs j} +ssf] zfvf sfof {nojfUn 'Ësf ] ;xfos kbdf sfo {/t \ /xL

678678678678678

*!## *!## *!## *!## *!## - ;'jf;rGb| cfrfo{ lj=g]kfn j} +s ln=k|=sf= ;d]t ;'jf;rGb| cfrfo{ lj=g]kfn j} +s ln=k|=sf= ;d]t ;'jf;rGb| cfrfo{ lj=g]kfn j} +s ln=k|=sf= ;d]t ;'jf;rGb| cfrfo{ lj=g]kfn j} +s ln=k|=sf= ;d]t ;'jf;rGb| cfrfo{ lj=g]kfn j} +s ln=k|=sf= ;d]t

Odfgbf/Lk"j{s sfdsfh ul/cfPsf] 5' . o;}aLrdf d a}+ssf] zfvf sfof{no kf]v/f sf:sLdfsfo{/t\ /x]sf] ca:yfdf cfˆgf] kbsf] lhDd]jf/Lcg';f/sf] cfr/0f gu/L a}+ssf u|fxsx¿nfO{a}+s Jofn]G; ;l6{lkms]6 lngsf] nflu /sd pknJwu/fO{ ;f]afkt lghx¿af6 /sd lng'sf] ;fy}sLt]{ sf/f]jf/ pNn]v u/L Jofn]G; :6]6d]G6pknAw u/fpg;d]t ;+nUg /x ]sf ] tyfvftfjfnfsf] vftfaf6 vftfjfnfsf] lgj]bgj]u/8]lj6 ef}r/af6 /sdfGt/ u/fO{ e'QmfgL lbg]sfo{ u/L k|ToIf jf ck|ToIf ¿kdf a}+snfO{ xflggf]S;fgL k'¥ofpg] sfo{ u/]sf] b]lvPsf]n] g]kfna}+s lnld6]8 sd{rf/L lgodfjnL, @)$* -;fljslgodfjnL_ tyf g]kfn a}+s lnld6]8 sd{rf/LljlgodfjnL, @)^@ -xfnsf] ljlgodfjnL_adf]lhd ljefuLo sf/jfxL lsg gug]{ egL !%lbgleq :ki6Ls/0f k]z ug'{ egL ldlt @)^@.*.@sf] kqåf/f :ki6Ls/0f ;f]lwPsf]df To:tf] ;hfox'g' gkg]{ egL cfˆgf] hf] ePsf] Joxf]/f pNn]vu/L ;f] :kli6s/0fsf] hjfkm oyf;dodf g} k]zu/]sf] lyPF . To;kl5 a}+ssf] ldlt @)^@.^.( sf]kqaf6 g]kfn a}+s lnld6]8 sd{rf/L lgodfjnL,@)$* sf] -;fljs lgodfjnL_ lgod *=$-s_ /-3_ tyf g]kfn a}+s lnld6]8 sd{rf/L ljlgodfjnL,@)^@ -xfnsf] ljlgodfjnL_ sf] ljlgod !@=$-@_ sf] s;"/df ;fljs lgodfjnLsf] lgod *=!-$_ / xfnsf] ljlgodfjnLsf] !@=!=-#_ adf]lhdtNnf] kbsf] z'? :s]nsf] tnj tyf ;'ljwf kfpg]u/L tNnf] kb cyf{t Ps tx d'lgsf] kbdf kb36'jf lsg gug]{ egL :ki6Ls/0f ;f]lwPsf]dfdnfO{ To; k|sf/sf] ljefuLo ;hfo x'g' gkg]{egL :ki6Ls/0fsf] hjfkm ;d]t k]z u/]sf] lyPF .o;/L d}n] cfˆgf] hf] ePsf] oyfy{ Joxf]/f pNn]vu/L cfk"mnfO{ s'g} k|sf/sf] ljefuLo ;hfo x'ggx'g] egL :ki6Ls/0f k]z ubf{ub}{ klg a}+ssf]ldlt @)^@.!).!) sf] kqaf6 tkfO{nfO{ ldlt

@)^@.!).( sf] lg0f{ofg';f/ z'? :s]nsf] tnjtyf ;'ljwf kfpg] u/L tNnf] kb cyf{t jxL/Ifskbdf kb 36'jf ul/Psf] eGg] Joxf]/fsf] kq k|fKtePsf]n] ;f] lg0f{opk/ d}n] a}+ssf] xfnsf]lj lgodfjnLadf ] lhd a } +ssf ] sfo {sf/Lclws[tHo";dIf ldlt @)^@.!!.@% df k'g/fj]bgu/]sf] lyPF .

o;/L dnfO{ pQm ljefuLo ;hfopk/u/]sf] k'g/fj]bg ljrf/fwLg /x]s} ca:yfdf a}+ssf]ldlt @)^#.!.@& sf] kqaf6 dfly pNn]v u/]s}k|s[ltsf s;"/ u/]sf] egL a} +ssf] ;fljslgodfjnL tyf xfnsf] ljlgodfjnLadf]lhdljefuLo ;hfo lsg gug]{ egL :ki6Ls/0f;f]lwPsf] / To; :ki6Ls/0fsf] hjfkm k]z u/L;s]kl5 k'gM a}+ssf] ldlt @)^#.^.@$ sf] kqaf6;fljs lgodfjnLsf] lgod *=@-s_ tyf xfnsf]ljlgodfjnlsf] ljlgod !@=@-#_ / !@=!-!_adf]lhd gl;xt lsg glbg] egL :ki6Ls/0f;f]lwPsf]df To; :ki6Ls/0fsf] hjfkm klg k]zul/;s]kl5 a}+ssf] ldlt @)^#.(.!^ sf] kqaf6tkfO{nfO{ ldlt @)^#.(.# sf] lg0f{ofg';f/ gl;xtlbOPsf] 5 eGg] ;d]t Joxf]/fsf] hfgsf/Lu/fOPsf] 5 .

o;/L dfly plNnlvt a}+ssf] ldlt@)^@.!).!) sf] kqaf6 tkfO{nfO{ ldlt @)^@.!).(sf] lg0f{ofg';f/ z'? :s]nsf] tnj tyf ;'ljwfkfpg] u/L tNnf] kb cyf{t jxL/Ifs kbdf kb36'jf ul/Psf] eGg] Joxf]/fsf] kq k|fKt ePsf]n];f ] lg0f {opk/ d }n ] a } +ssf ] xfnsf ]lj lgodfjnLadf ] lhd a } +ssf ] sfo {sf/Lk|d'vHo";dIf ldlt @)^@.!!.@% df k'g/fj]bgu/]sf]df tkfO{nfO{ ldlt @)^@.!).( df tNnf]kbsf] z'? :s]nsf] tnj tyf ;'ljwf kfpg] u/LtNnf] kbdf kb 36'jf ug]{ u/L ePsf] lg0f{opk/tkfO{n] lbg' ePsf] k'g/fj]bg ;DaGwdf >Lsfo{sf/L k|d'vHo"af6 pQm lg0f{onfO{ g} ;b/

679679679679679


ul/Psf] Joxf]/f ldlt @)^#.#.* sf] lg0f{ofg';f/hfgsf/L u/fOG5 eGg] Joxf]/f pNn]v u/]sf]kfOPsf]n] plNnlvt sfd sf/jfxL / lg0f{odflrQ ga'em]sf] x'Fbf ;Ddflgt cbfntsf] z/0fdfpkl:yt ePsf] 5' .

xfnsf] ljlgodfjnLsf] ljlgod !@=!!/ cg';"rL @$ adf]lhd klg d h:tf] ;xfostxsf] sd{rf/LnfO{ k|d'v, dfgj;|f ]t jfpksfo{sf/L k|d'vn] dfq kb 36'jfsf] ;hfoug{;Sg] u/L tf]lsPsf]df dnfO{ ;hfosf] cfb]zlbg] / To;eGbf cufl8sf :ki6Ls/0fx¿ ;f]Wg]sfo{;d]t o:tf clwsf/Laf6 ePsf] 5}g / To:tfclwsf/Laf6 lg0f{o ePsf] eGg] Joxf]/f pNn]vul/Psf] klg 5}g . sfg"gn] h] h:tf] clwsf/Ltf]lsPsf] 5 ;f]xL clwsf/Laf6 ;hfo x'g' kg]{dfTof]eGbf leGg bhf{sf clwsf/Laf6 ePsf]ljefuLo sf/jfxL / ;hfo u}/sfg"gL 5 . Psflt/u}/sfg"gL ¿kdf u|fxsx¿nfO{ j}+s Jofn]G;;l6{lkms]6 agfPsf] eGg] cf/f]kdf kb 36'jf ug]{;hfo ug'{ / csf]{lt/ ToxL cf/f]kdf ;hfoeO;s]kl5 gl;xt lbg] ;hfo ul/g'af6 dnfO{kb 36'jf ug]{ u/L ul/Psf] ;hfo :jljj]sLoclwsf/sf] b'?kof]u u/L rsf]{ ;hfo ul/Psf] 5eGg] k|i6} b]lvPsf] 5 .

xfnsf] ljlgodfjnLsf] ljlgod !@=!!/ cg';"rL @$ adf]lhd d h:tf] ;xfossd{rf/LnfO{ kb 36'jfsf] ;hfo –ug{;Sg]clwsf/ dfgj ;|f]t k|d'v jf pksfo{sf/Lk|d'vnfO{ dfq /x]sf] 5 . dnfO{ ;hfosf] cfb]zlbg] / To;eGbf cufl8sf :ki6Ls/0fx¿ ;f]Wg]sfo{;d]t To:tf clwsf/Laf6 ePsf] 5}g . sLt]{Jofn]G; ;l6{lkms]6 agfPsf] cfwf/df g} ljefuLosf/jfxL ul/Psf zfvf k|jGws ls/0fs'df/>]i7nfO{ g;Lxt tyf u|]8 /f]Ssf;DaGwL ;hfodfq ug]{ / ;xfos k|jGws gj/fh kf}8]nnfO{s'g} ;hfo gu/L /fhLgfdf :jLs[t ug'{af6 d

pk/ k"jf{u|x /fvL ;hfo ul/Psf] k'li6 x'G5 .d pk/ nufOPsf] cf/f]kx¿ ;xL ;To ePsf]ca:yfdf klg d}n] g]kfn a}+s lnld6]8 sd{rf/LljlgodfjnL, @)^@ ljlgod !) cg';f/ cfr/0f;DaGwL lgod pNn+3g u/]sf] 7x/ e} klxnf]k6s gl;xtdfq x'g ;Sg] xf] . ljkIfLx¿n]dnfO{ tNnf] kbdf 36'jf ug]{ u/]sf] lg0f{oaf6d]/f] g]kfnsf] cGtl/d ;+ljwfg, @)^# sf] wf/f!@-@_-r_, !#-!_, !(-!_ åf/f k|bQ df}lns xs/ sd{rf/L ljlgodfjnLåf/f k|bQ sfg"gL xsxgg x'g uPsf]n] ljkIfL g]kfn a}+s lnld6]8sf]ldlt @)^@.!).( sf] lg0f{o / ;f]adf]lhdsf]ldlt @)^@.!).!) sf] kq / ;f]xL lg0f{onfO{ g};b/ ug]{ u/L ljkIfL sfo{sf/L k|d'vHo"af6 ldlt@)^#.#.@* df kb 36'jf ug]{ u/L u/]sf] lg0f{o/ ;f] adf]lhdsf] ldlt @)^#.#.@( sf] kqnufotpQm lg0f{o / sfd sf/jfxL eGbf cl3kl5ljkIfLx¿af6 dnfO{ k|lts"n c;/ kfg]{ u/L ePu/]sf ] ofjt sfdsf/jfxLnfO{ pTk| ]if0fsf]cfb]zåf/f ab/ u/L d lgj]bsnfO{ ;fljsadf]lhds} kbdf sfod /fvL dnfO{ ;f]xL kbsf]x}l;otn] sfg"gadf]lhd kfpg] tnj eQfnufotsf cGo ;'ljwf ;d]t lbg' lbnfpg' egLljkIfLx¿sf gfpFdf k/dfb]znufot cGo hf]rflxg] pko'Qm cfb]z hf/L u/L k"0f{ Gofo kfpmFeGg] ;'jf;rGb| cfrfo{sf] lgj]bg .

o;df s] s;f] ePsf] xf] < lgj]bssf]dfuadf]lhdsf] cfb]z lsg hf/L x'g gkg]{xf] < of] cfb]z k|fKt ePsf ldltn] af6fsf]Dofb afx]s !% lbgleq lnlvt hjfkm lnO{cfk}m jf cfˆgf] k|ltlglwåf/f pkl:yt x'g'egL l/6 lgjb]gsf] Psk|lt gSsn ;fy} /fvLljkIfLnfO{ ;"rgf k7fO{ lbg" . lnlvt hjfkmcfPkl5 jf cjlw gf3]kl5 lgodadf]lhd k]zug'{ eGg] o; cbfntsf] ldlt @)^#.!@.!%sf] cfb]z .

680680680680680

ljkIfL lgj]bs g]kfn a}+s lnld6]8 jfUn'ªzfvfdf rNtL ljefudf ;xfos kbdf sfo{/t\/x]]sf jvt lghn] ljleGg JolQmx¿nfO{ a}+sJofn]G; tyf Jofn]G; ;l6{lkms]6 unt agfO{ cfkm"/ cfˆgf] >LdtL k|ToIf ;+nUg eO{ To:tf] sfo{u/]afkt /sd lng] lbg] u/L tyf k6s–k6stYo 9fF6L cfPsf] ;DaGwdf lghnfO{ ljefuLosf/jfxL z'? ul/Psf] xf] . o; ;DaGwdf lghnfO{;j{k|yd ldlt @)^@.*.@ sf] kqaf6 lg/LIf0fsf]ca:yfdf k|fKt k|ltj]bgsf] ;DaGwdf tYo Joxf]/fpNn]v u/L ;f]df lghn] u/]sf] s;"/sf] Joxf]/fpNn]v u/L :ki6Ls/0f k]z ug{ n]lvPsf]df lghn]ldlt @)^@.*.@$ df k]z u/]sf] :ki6Ls/0f x]bf{lghn] sltko tYo s'/fx¿ n'sfO{ t/ k/f]If¿kdf cfkm"n] s;"/ u/]sf] :jLsf/ ub}{ :ki6Ls/0fk]z ePsf] 5 . h:t} Jofn]G; tyf ;l6{lkms]6sf]se/LË lr¶Lx¿ lghn] cfˆgf] :jx:tfn] n]v]sf]nfO{:jLsf/ u/]sf]] kfOG5 . o; l;nl;nfdf lghn];f] :ki6Ls/0fsf] ljleGg :yfgdf tYonfO{ ;d]tn'sfO{ cyjf cfˆgf] s;"/ c?nfO{ ;'lDkg vf]]h]sf]/ 7"nf] ;hfo gxf]nf egL ;hfo /f]h]sf] ;d]tkfOG5 . o;af6 klg ljkIfLnfO{ a}+sn] s;"/sf]dfqfcg';f/ u/]sf] ;hfo tYoaf6 k|dfl0ft ePsf]x'Fbf 7Ls / plrt 5 .

ljkIfLsf] :ki6Ls/0f k|fKt ePkl5 ldlt@)^@.(.^ sf] dfgj ;|f]t Joj:yfkg ljefusf]kq ;+Vof &*@) af6 lghnfO{ cf/f]k / s;"/pNn]v ub} { ;hfo k|:tfj u/L :ki6Ls/0f;f]lwPsf]df To;sf] hjfkm klg ldlt @)^@.(.!@df k|fKt ePsf] / To;df klg cfkm"n] u/]sf]s;"/nfO{ ljNs'n gsfg{ g;sL ;hfoaf6plDsgsf] nflu tYoeGbf km/s Joxf]/f pNn]vu/L :ki6Ls/0f lbPsf] eP tfklg lghn] cjcfP/ cfkm"af6 gj/fh kf}8]nn] ;fk6L :j¿k ?=%) xhf/ dfu]sf]n] ;f] ;fk6L lbPsf] xf] / ;fk6LlbFbf d]/f] k};f ef]ln kl;{df g} rflxG5 egL lbPsf]

x'F / lgh gj/fh kf}8]n;Fu k6s–k6s dfUbfd}n] tkfO{sf] vftfdf cGoq kf6L{af6 ;fk6L lnO{hDdf u/fOlbPsf] 5' eg]sfn] vftfdf x]bf{ ;f]/sd hDdf ePsf] /x]5 egL o;/L lghn] sLt]{ef}r/ v8f u/L /sd lkmtf{ u/]sf] xf]nfg\ eGg]s'/f d ;d]tn] dx;"; u/L /x]sf] 5' eGb} cfkm";f]xL ljefudf sfo{/t\ /x]sf JolQmn] ;f]xLljefudf /x]sf] cfˆgf] vftfdf /sd hDdf u/]sf]yfxf lyPg eGg' ;fy} cfˆgf] >LdtLsf] vftfsf]af/]df klg cfk}mFn] vftfsf] /sd lemSg] ug]{ u/LcfPsf]df To;df klg cgle1tf k|s6 u/Lsf/f]jf/ u/L cfPsf] JolQmnfO{ lrg]sf] 5}g eg]sf]h:tf] unt / em"¶f] Joxf]/f pNn]v u/L :ki6Ls/0fk]z u/]sf] x'Fbf a}+ssf] ldlt @)^@.!).( sf]lg0f{ocg';f/ lghnfO{ g]= a}= ln= sd{rf/LlgodfjnL, @)$* sf] lgod *=$ -s_ / -3_tyf xfn k|rlnt ljlgodfjnL @)^@ sf] ljlgod!@=$-@_ sf] s;"/df tNnf] kbsf] z'? :s]nsf]tnj tyf ;'ljwf kfpg] u/L tNnf] kb cyf{tjxL/Ifs kbdf kb 36'jf ul/Psf] xf] h'g j}+ssf]sd{rf/L lgodfjnL tyf ljlgodfjnLcg';f/ /lghn] u/]sf] s;"/sf] dfqf cg';f/ 7Ls b'?:t/x]sf] 5 .

;f]pk/ lghn] ldlt @)^@.!!.@% dfj}+ssf] sfo{sf/L k|d'v;dIf k'g/fj]bg u/]sf]dfsfo{sf/L k|d'vaf6 ldlt @)^@.!).( df ePsf]lg0f{o g} ;b/ u/L ldlt @)^#.#.@* df lg0f{oePsf] xf] . lghnfO{ ;hfo ubf{ b'O{ j6f sfg"gcyf{t ;fljs sd{rf/L lgodfjnL, @)$* tyfxfnsf] ljlgod @)^# adf]lhd sf/jfxL / ;hfoul/Psf] egL pNn]v u/]sf] ;DaGwdf lghnfO{ldlt @)^@.*.@ df ;j{k|yd :ki6Ls/0f dfux'Fbf / To;eGbf kl5sf] k|To]s :ki6Ls/0fdf ;f]b'j} lgodfjnL tyf ljlgod pNn]v ul/Psf] 5 .;f] b'j}df plNnlvt s;"/cg';f/sf] ;hfo Pp6}ePsf] x'Fbf / s;"/ ubf{sf] ca:yfdf nfu" /x]sf]


681681681681681


lgodfjnLkl5 sf/jfxL ubf{sf] ca:yfdf gofFljlgod klg cfO;s]sf] x'Fbf / s;"/ cg';f/sf];hfo Ps} ePsf] x'Fbf b'j} lgodfjnL tyf ljlgodpb\3[t u/]sf] xf] . o;af6 ljkIfLn] u/]sf] ;hfodfdfkmL kfpg] jf ;hfo ug{ gkg]{ s'g} sf/0f jGg;Sb}g / ljkIfLnfO{ ;hfo ug{df s'g} km/s kg{hfg] xf]Og .

sLt]{ Jofn]G; ;l6{lkms]6 agfPsf] cfwf/dfc?nfO{ g;Lxt tyf u|]8 /f]Ssf ePsf]df dpk/k"jf{u|x /fvL kb 36'jf ul/Psf] eGg] Joxf]/f h'g5 To;af6 ljkIfLn] cfkm"n] s;"/ u/]sf]df ;fljtePsf] / ;hfo cfkm"n] /f]h]cg';f/sf] gePsf]eGg] dfq egfO{ /x]sf] 5 . ljkIfLpk/ k"jf{u|xLx'g'kg]{ jf ePsf] s'g} klg sf/0f k]z x'g ;s]sf]5}g / s;"/bf/n] ;hfo /f]Hg kfpg] xf]Og .

ljkIfLnfO{ :ki6Ls/0f ;f]Wg] / ;hfoug{;Sg] clwsf/Laf6 g} ljefuLo sf/jfxL ePu/]sf] x'Fbf lgodfjnLsf] Joj:yfcg';f/ ePsf]sfo{nfO{ cGoyf eGg ldNg] xf]Og . ;hfo ug{;Sg]clwsf/L PseGbf a9L tf]lsPsf] ca:yfdf To:tf]clwsf/Ln] ljefuLo sf/jfxL ug{ ldNg] x'Fbf;f]xLadf]lhd eP u/]sf] xf] .

kb 36'jf ug{ / ;hfo eO{ ;s]kl5gl;xt lbg] ;hfo ul/g'af6 dnfO{ kb 36'jfug]{ u/L ul/Psf] ;hfo :jljj]sLo clwsf/sf]b'?kof]u u/L rsf]{ ;hfo ul/Psf] eGg] pNn]vul/Psf] ;Gbe{df k|:t't l/6df p7fOPsf] kb36'jf;DaGwL laifodfq ePsf] x'Fbf To;kl5ePsf] ;hfosf] af/]df of] l/6af6 x]g{ ldNg]xf]Og / lghn] kl5Nnf] ;hfonfO{ ;d]t :jLsf/ul/;s]sf] ca:yf emNsg] x'Fbf k|:t't l/6sf]laifoj:t'sf] kb 36'jf;DaGwL laifodflypNn]v u/]sf] cfwf/af6 s;"/sf] dfqfcg';f/;hfo ul/Psf] x'Fbf cGoyf x'g'kg]{ xf]Og /clwsf/sf] b'?kof]u u/L rsf]{ ;hfo eP u/]sf]5}g . l/6 lgj]bg vf/]h ul/kfpmF eGg] g]kfn

a}+s lnld6]8 k|wfg sfof{no, P]= sf k|d'vsfo{sf/L clws[t, g]kfn a}+s lnld6]8 zfvfsfof{no jfUn'ª, g]kfn a}+s lnld6]8 dfgj;|f]t Joj:yfkg ljefusf d'Vo k|jGws;d]tsf];+o'Qm lnlvt hjfkm .

lgodadf]lhd b}lgs k]zL ;"rLdf r9Lo; Ohnf;;dIf k]z x'g cfPsf] k|:t't d'2fdflgj]bstk{maf6 pkl:yt ljåfg clwjQmf >Lxl/k|;fb pk|]tLn] lgj]bsnfO{ tNnf] kbdf 36'jfug] { sf/jfxL ubf { ;dfg laifodf cGoJolQmnfO{ eGbf c;dfg ?kn] 7"nf] ;hfoul/Psf] 5 . ;hfo ug{ kfpg] clwsf/ k|fKtJolQmeGbf csf]{ JolQmaf6 :ki6Ls/0f ;f]Wg]sfo { ePsf ] 5 . Ps} lsl;dsf ] sfo {sf;DaGwdf klxnf 7"nf] / kl5 ;fgf] ;hfoul/Psf] 5 . lgj]bsnfO{ u/]sf ] sf/jfxLsfg"gljk/Lt ePsf] x'Fbf lgj]bs dfuadf]lhdl/6 lgj]bg hf/L x'g'k5{ egL ax; ug'{eof] .ljkIfL g]kfn a}+s lnld6]8sf tk{maf6 pkl:ytljåfg clwjQmf >L z}n]Gb|s'df/ bfxfnn]lgj]bsn] u/]sf] unt sfo{sf ;DaGwdf lghn]u/ ]s f ] sfo {s f ] k |s [ ltcg '; f/ lghnfO {lgodfg';f/ ljefuLo sf/jfxL ul/Psf] 5 .lghnfO { ljefuLo sf/jfxL ug { kfpg ]clwsf/k|fKt JolQmaf6 g} :ki6Ls/0f ;f]wLlgodn] tf]s]sf] k|lqmof k"/f u/L sf/jfxL ePsf]x'Fbf l/6 hf/L x'g'kg]{ ca:yf 5}g, vf/]h x'g'k5{egL ax; ug' {eof ] . b 'j } kIfsf sfg "gJoj;foLn] k]z ug'{ePsf] lnlvt jx;gf]6 klgldl;n ;+nUg /x]sf] 5 .

ljåfg sfg"g Joj;foLx¿n] ug'{ePsf]ax; ;'gL ;Dk"0f{ ldl;n cWoog u/L x]bf{ lgj]bsdfuadf]lhdsf] cfb]z hf/L ug'{kg]{ gkg]{ s] xf] <;f] ;DaGwdf g} lg0f{o lbg'kg]{ x'g cfof] .

cfh lg0f{o ;'gfpg tf/]v tf]lsPsf]k|:t't d'2fdf lgj]bsn] cfkm"nfO{ ;hfo lbg kfpg]

682682682682682

clwsf/k|fKt clwsf/Laf6 lg0f{o ge} cGoJolQmaf6 kb 36'jf ug]{ sf/jfxL u/]sf] tyf;dfg ca:yfsf ;dfg s;"/ ug] { cGosd{rf/LnfO{ 36L ;hfo u/L cfk"mnfO{ kb 36'jfu/L a9L ;hfo u/]sf]n] pTk|]if0fsf] cfb]z hf/Lu/L kb 36'jf ug]{ lg0f{o ab/ ul/kfpmF eGg]lgj]bg lhsL/ /x]sf] 5 . lgj]bsn] cfˆgf] kbLodof{bf tyf bfloTjljk/Lt sfo{ u/]sf] x'Fbf lghn]u/]sf ] sfdsf] k|s[ltcg';f/ clwsf/k|fKtclwsf/Laf6 sf/jfxL ul/Psf] xf] sf/jfxLsf]lg0f{o ab/ x'g'kg]{ x}g eGg] ;d]t ljkIfL a}+ssftkm{af6 lnlvt hjfkm /x]sf] kfOG5 .

@= lg0f{otk{m ljrf/ubf{ oL lgj]bsg]kfn a}+s lnld6]8 jfUn'ª zfvfdf sfo{/t\ /x]sf]/ cl3 j}+ssf] k[YjL rf]s zfvf kf]v/fdf sfo{/t\/x+bfsf ca:yfdf e'jgeQm kflnv] ;d]tsfljleGg JolQmx¿sf] vftfdf sfNklgs ¿kdf/sd hDdf u/]sf] b]vfO{ tL vftfx¿af6 cfˆgf]gfdsf] vftfdf /sd hDdf u/L r]s sf6L/sd e'QmfgL lnPsf] tyf jf]w/fh j/fn ;d]tsfljleGg rNtL vftfjfn kf6L{x¿nfO{ clgoldtJofn]G; ;l6{lkms]6 tyf Jofn]G; :6]6d]G6 hf/Lug]{ sfo{df lghsf] ;+nUgtf eO{ a}+snfO{ xflggf]S;fgL k'Ug] sfo{ u/]sf] b]lvPsf] egL ;fljssf]sd{rf/L lgodfjnL, @)$* tyf xfn nfu" /x]sf]g]kfn a}+s lnld6]8 sd{rf/L ;]jf ljlgodfjnL,@)^@ adf]lhd ljefuLo sf/jfxL lsg gug]{egL ldlt @)^@.&.@@ sf] lg0f{ofg';f/ ldlt@)^@.*.@ sf] kqaf6 :ki6Ls/0f dfu u/LljefuLo sf/jfxL;DaGwL k|lqmofsf] z'?cftu/]sf] kfOG5 . @)^@.*.@ sf] kqfg';f/ dfuul/Psf] :ki6Ls/0f oL lgj]bsn] k]z u/]kl5ldlt @)^@.(.^ df ;fljssf ] sd{rf/LlgodfjnL, @)$* sf] lgod *=$ -s_ / -3_tyf xfn nfu" ePsf] g]kfn j}+s lnld6]8 sd{rf/L;]jf ljlgodfjnL, @)^@ sf] ljlgod !@=$-@_

sf] s;"/df ;fljs lgodfjnLsf] lgod *=!-$_tyf xfnsf] ljlgodfjnLsf] ljlgod !@=!-#_adf]lhd Ps tx d'lgsf] kbdf 36'jf ug]{ ;hfok|:tfj u/L @)^@.(.% sf] lg0f{ofg';f/ k'gM:ki6Ls/0f dfu u/L oL lgj]bssf] :ki6Ls/0fk]z ePkl5 ldlt @)^@.!).( sf] lg0f{ofg';f/ldlt @)^@.!).!) sf] kqåf/f lgh lgj]bsnfO{tNnf] kbdf kb 36'jf ug]{ ljefuLo sf/jfxLePsf ] b ] lvG5 . oL lgj ]bsnfO { ePsf ]sf/jfxLpk/ lghsf] k'g/fj]bg k/]sf]df lghnfO{ul/Psf] sf/jfxL ;b/ ug]{ u/L k|d'v sfo{sf/Lclws[taf6 lg0f{o ePsf] /x]5 . ;f] sf/jfxLsf];DaGwdf lgj ]bsn] ;hfo lbg gkfpg]clwsf/Laf6 :ki6Ls/0f dfu ePsf] eGg] s'/fsf]lhsL/ lnPsf]n] ;f] ;DaGwdf a}+ssf sd{rf/Lsf];]jf;DaGwL lgodfjnL x]bf{ lghnfO{ sf/jfxLug{;Sg] clwsf/L sf] xf] egL x]g'{kg]{ x'g cfof] .;f] ;DaGwdf x]bf{ ;fljsdf axfn /x]sf] g]kfn:a}+s lnld6]8 sd{rf/L lgodfjnL, @)$* sf];§fdf @)^@ ;fndf g]kfn a}+s lnld6]8 sd{rf/L;]jf ljlgodfjnL, @)^@ nfu" ePsf] kfOG5 .xfn nfu" /x]sf] g]kfn a}+s lnld6]8 sd{rf/L;]jf ljlgodfjnL, @)^@ sf] ljlgod !@=!! /cg';"rL @$ adf]lhd d'Vo k|jGws, ;f] ;/x jf;f] d'lgsf ;Dk"0f{ sd{rf/LnfO{ tNnf] kbdf 36'jfug]{ ;hfo lbg] clwsf/ æk|d'v dfgj ;|f]tJoj:yfkg ljefu jf dxfk |jGwsÆ nfO {tf]lsPsf] b]lvG5 . lgj]bsnfO{ ul/Psf] pQmsf/jfxL lg0f{o;DaGwL ;Ssn kmfOn x]bf{ ldlt@)^@.&.@@ df dfgj ;|f]t k|d'vaf6} :ki6Ls/0fdfu ug]{ lg0f{o ePsf] / ;f] lg0f{ocg';f/ egLs[i0f/fh nfld5fg]sf] b:tvtaf6 ;"rgf lbO{:ki6Ls/0f dfu u/]sf] b]lvG5 . ;hfo lbg kfpg]clwsf/Ln] ;hfo lbg] ;DaGwdf :ki6Ls/0flng] lg0f{o u/]kl5 ;f] lg0f{o adf]lhdsf] ;"rgfcGo JolQmn] lbg gldNg] eGg ldNb}g . :ki6Ls/0f


683683683683683


dfu ug]{ egL lg0f{o ug{ kfpg] clwsf/Ln] lg0f{ou/]kl5 ;f] lg0f{osf] sfof{Gjog lgh dftxtsf]s'g} cGo clwsf/Ln] u/]sf]df cGoyf eGg ldNg]x'Fb}g / o:tf]df ;hfo ug{ gkfpg] c;DalGwtJolQmn] :ki6Ls/0f dfu u/]sf] egL ;DemgldNg] gx'gfn] lgj]bssf] syg tYoo'Qm /sfg"g;Fut b]lvg cfPg . a}+ssf] sfo{ / ;]jfsf]k|s[lt tyf a}+ssf] Voflt -Goodwill_ df ;d]tk|lts"n c;/ kg]{ sfo{ lgj]bsn] u/]sf] egLlghnfO{ a}+ssf] ;]jf ;DaGwL lgodadf]lhdljefuLo sf/jfxL ul/Psf]nfO{ clwsf/If]qljxLgeGg ldNg] x'b}g .

#= oL lgj]bsn] ;dfg sfo{ cyf{t\sLt]{ Jofn]G; ;l6{lkms]6 agfPsf] laifodf ls/0fs'df/ >]i7nfO{ g;Lxt tyf u|]8 /f]Ssf;DaGwL;hfo dfq u/L ;f]xL sfo{sf] laifodf cfk"mnfO{tNnf] kbdf 36'jf ug]{ ;hfo u/L k"jf{u|x /fvLc;dfg ;hfo ul/Psf] eGg] csf]{ lhsL/ klglnPsf] b]lvG5 . ;f] ;DaGwdf x]bf{ ls/0fs'df/>]i7 a}+s zfvfsf pkk|jGws /x]sf] / lghcGtu{t oL lgj]bs ;xfos kbdf sfo{/t\ /x]sf]ca:yfdf gSsnL a}+s Jofn]G;, :6]6d]06 hf/Lu/]sf] / u|fxssf] vftfdf sfNklgs ¿kdf /sdhDdf ug]{, u|fxssf] vftfsf] /sd cfˆgf] vftfdfhDdf u/L /sd lems]sf] cf/f]k lgh lgj]bs:jo+pk/ /x]sf ] 5 eg] cfˆgf] dftxtsfsd{rf/Lsf] unt sfo{sf] lgoGq0f ug]{ u/L;'k/Lj]If0f ug{ g;s]sf] eGg] cf/f]k lgh ls/0fs'df/pk/ /x ]sf ] ca:yf 5 . dftxtsfsd{rf/Lsf] unt sfo{sf] lgoGq0f ug{ g;Sg' /gSsnL j}+s Aofn]G;, :6]6d]06 hf/L ug]{ tyfu|fxssf] gfddf sfNklgs ¿kdf /sd hDdfu/L To:tf] sfNklgs vftfaf6 cfkm\gf] vftfdf/sd hDdf u/L /sd lemSg' km/s–km/s s;"/x'g\ . To;sf/0f oL lgj]bsn] gSsnL j}+sJofn]G; :6]6d]G6 hf/L ug]{ nufotsf sfo{ u/]sf]

s;"/ / pkk|aGws ls/0f s'df/n] cfkm\gf]dftxtsf sd{rf/Ln] u/]sf] o:tf] sfo{sf]lgoGq0f / ;'kl/j]If0f ug{ g;s]sf] eGg] s;"/;dfg geO km/s–km/s /x]sf] b]lvG5 . km/s–km/s s;"/df s;"/sf] dfqf cg';f/ km/s–km/s ;hfo x'g' :jfefljs g} x'G5 . s;"/km/s–km/s ePsf] / ;f]xLcg';f/ s;"/sf]dfqfadf]lhd ;hfo klg km/s–km/s ePsf]b]lvFbf lgj]bg lhsL/adf]lhd k"jf{u|x /fvL;dfg s;"/df c;dfg ;hfo u/]sf] eGg] oLlgj]bssf] lhsL/ tYoaf6 ;dly{t ePsf] b]lvgcfPg .

$= t;y{ oL lgj]bsnfO{ g]kfn a}+slnld6]8 sd{rf/L ;]jf ljlgodfjnL, @)^@ sf]ljlgod !@=!! / cg';"rL @$ adf]lhd k|d'vdfgj;|f]t ljefuaf6 kb 36'jf;DaGwL sf/jfxL/ ;hfo ug{ kfpg] u/L tf]lsPadf]lhd ;hfoug{ kfpg] ;f]xL clwsf/Laf6 @)^@.&.@@ dflg0f{o e} :ki6Ls/0f dfu u/]sf] b]lvPsf]n] ;f]lg0f{oadf]lhd egL cGo s;}n] kq n]v]sf] b]lvbf+To:tf]df ;f]xL ;hfo ug{ kfpg] clwsf/Laf6 g}:ki6Ls/0f dfu u/]sf] ;Demg kg]{ ;fy} c;dfgcf/f]kdf c;dfg ¿kdf s;"/sf] dfqfcg';f/oL lgj]bsnfO{ kb 36'jf ug]{ ;hfo u/]sf]nfO{sfg"gljk/Lt ePsf] dfGg gldNg] x'gfn] a}+ssf]sd{rf/L ;]jf;DaGwL ljlgodadf]lhd ul/Psf]sfd sf/jfxLaf6 lgj]bssf ] ;+ ljwfg /sfg"gk|bQ xs xgg ePsf] ;Demg gldNg] x'Fbflgj]bg lhsL/cg';f/sf] cfb]z hf/L ug{ ldn]g .l/6 lgj]bg vf/]h x'g] 7x5{ . l/6 lgj]bgsf]bfo/Lsf] nut s§f u/L ldl;n lgodfg';f/u/L a'emfO{ lbg" .pQm /fodf ;xdt 5' . Gof=s[i0fk|;fb pkfWofoOlt ;Dat @)^% ;fn r}t !! ut] /f]h # z'ed\\Ohnf; clws[tM lzlz//fh 9sfn

684684684684684

lg0f{o g+= *!#$ ;fpg, @)^^

;jf]{Rr cbfnt, ;+o'Qm Ohnf;dfggLo GofofwLz >L tflx/ cnL cG;f/LdfggLo gofofwLz >L df]xgk|sfz l;6f}nf

;+jt\ @)^% ;fnsf] kmf}=k'=g++= –*@*km};nf ldltM @)^^.!.#).$

d'2f M– st{Jo Hofg .

k'g/fj]bs÷k|ltjfbL M /fd]5fk lhNnf, 88'jfuf=la=;= j8f g+=@ 3/ eO{ xfn sf/fuf/zfvf gVv'df y'gfdf /x]sf] ;'snfntfdfª

lj?¢k|ToyL{÷jfbLM /fds'df/ lyªsf] hfx]/Ln] g]kfn

;/sf/

z'? nlntk'/ lhNnf cbfntdf km};nf ug]{M–df=lh=Gof= >L s'df/k|;fb kf]v/]n

k'g/fj]bg km};nf ug]{Mdf=d'=Gof= >L /0faxfb'/ addf=Gof= >L xl/k|;fb l3ld/]

§ k"j{ l/;OjLn] dfg] { of ]hgf geP/k"j{ l/;OjLn] dfg] { of ]hgf geP/k"j{ l/;OjLn] dfg] { of ]hgf geP/k"j{ l/;OjLn] dfg] { of ]hgf geP/k"j{ l/;OjLn] dfg] { of ]hgf geP/;fdfGo lajfbsf] kl/0ffddf tTsfn;fdfGo lajfbsf] kl/0ffddf tTsfn;fdfGo lajfbsf] kl/0ffddf tTsfn;fdfGo lajfbsf] kl/0ffddf tTsfn;fdfGo lajfbsf] kl/0ffddf tTsfnp7]sf ] l/;af6 st{Jo u/L d[To 'p7 ]sf ] l/;af6 st{Jo u/L d[To 'p7 ]sf ] l/;af6 st{Jo u/L d[To 'p7 ]sf ] l/;af6 st{Jo u/L d[To 'p7 ]sf ] l/;af6 st{Jo u/L d[To 'ePsf ] l:ylt k |df0fx¿af6 v'NgePsf ] l:ylt k |df0fx¿af6 v'NgePsf ] l:ylt k |df0fx¿af6 v'NgePsf ] l:ylt k |df0fx¿af6 v'NgePsf ] l:ylt k |df0fx¿af6 v'Ngcfpg 'sf ;fy } k | ltjfbLn ] 36gfcfpg 'sf ;fy } k | ltjfbLn ] 36gfcfpg 'sf ;fy } k | ltjfbLn ] 36gfcfpg 'sf ;fy } k | ltjfbLn ] 36gfcfpg 'sf ;fy } k | ltjfbLn ] 36gfbjfpg] jf k|df0f nf]k ug{ ] h:tf]bjfpg] jf k|df0f nf]k ug{ ] h:tf]bjfpg] jf k|df0f nf]k ug{ ] h:tf]bjfpg] jf k|df0f nf]k ug{ ] h:tf]bjfpg] jf k|df0f nf]k ug{ ] h:tf]sfddf gnfuL :ki6 / ;fFrf] s'/fsfddf gnfuL :ki6 / ;fFrf] s'/fsfddf gnfuL :ki6 / ;fFrf] s'/fsfddf gnfuL :ki6 / ;fFrf] s'/fsfddf gnfuL :ki6 / ;fFrf] s'/feg ]/ cg ';Gwfgdf / Gof loseg ]/ cg ';Gwfgdf / Gof loseg ]/ cg ';Gwfgdf / Gof loseg ]/ cg ';Gwfgdf / Gof loseg ]/ cg ';Gwfgdf / Gof losk| lqmofdf ;xof ]u;d]t k '¥ofPsf ]k | lqmofdf ;xof ]u;d]t k '¥ofPsf ]k | lqmofdf ;xof ]u;d]t k '¥ofPsf ]k | lqmofdf ;xof ]u;d]t k '¥ofPsf ]k | lqmofdf ;xof ]u;d]t k '¥ofPsf ]cj:yf ePsfn ] k | ltjfbLn ]cj:yf ePsfn ] k | ltjfbLn ]cj:yf ePsfn ] k | ltjfbLn ]cj:yf ePsfn ] k | ltjfbLn ]cj:yf ePsfn ] k | ltjfbLn ]Hofg;DaGwL dxnsf] ! / !#-#_Hofg;DaGwL dxnsf] ! / !#-#_Hofg;DaGwL dxnsf] ! / !#-#_Hofg;DaGwL dxnsf] ! / !#-#_Hofg;DaGwL dxnsf] ! / !#-#_

g += sf ] s;"/ u/ ]sf ] 7x/ ] tfklgg+= sf ] s;"/ u/ ]sf ] 7x/ ] tfklgg+= sf ] s;"/ u/ ]sf ] 7x/ ] tfklgg+= sf ] s;"/ u/ ]sf ] 7x/ ] tfklgg+= sf ] s;"/ u/ ]sf ] 7x/ ] tfklglghsf ] pd ]/ 36gfsf ] k |s [ lt /lghsf ] pd ]/ 36gfsf ] k |s [ lt /lghsf ] pd ]/ 36gfsf ] k |s [ lt /lghsf ] pd ]/ 36gfsf ] k |s [ lt /lghsf ] pd ]/ 36gfsf ] k |s [ lt /kfl/jfl/s cj:yf;d]t x]bf{ lghnfO{kfl/jfl/s cj:yf;d]t x]bf{ lghnfO{kfl/jfl/s cj:yf;d]t x]bf{ lghnfO{kfl/jfl/s cj:yf;d]t x]bf{ lghnfO{kfl/jfl/s cj:yf;d]t x]bf{ lghnfO{Hofg;DaGwL dxnsf ] !#-#_ g + =Hofg;DaGwL dxnsf ] !#-#_ g + =Hofg;DaGwL dxnsf ] !#-#_ g + =Hofg;DaGwL dxnsf ] !#-#_ g + =Hofg;DaGwL dxnsf ] !#-#_ g + =adf ] lhd ;hfo ubf { rsf ] { kg ] {adf ] lhd ;hfo ubf { rsf ] { kg ] {adf ] lhd ;hfo ubf { rsf ] { kg ] {adf ] lhd ;hfo ubf { rsf ] { kg ] {adf ] lhd ;hfo ubf { rsf ] { kg ] {b]lvPsf]n] c=a+= !** g+= adf]lhdb]lvPsf]n] c=a+= !** g+= adf]lhdb]lvPsf]n] c=a+= !** g+= adf]lhdb]lvPsf]n] c=a+= !** g+= adf]lhdb]lvPsf]n] c=a+= !** g+= adf]lhd!) jif{ s}b ;hfo x'g] .!) jif{ s}b ;hfo x'g] .!) jif{ s}b ;hfo x'g] .!) jif{ s}b ;hfo x'g] .!) jif{ s}b ;hfo x'g] .

-k|s/0f g+=%_

k'g/fj]bs tkm{af6M ljåfg clwjQmfåo >L /fds[i0fsfkm\n] / >L ab|Lk|;fb e'iffn

k|ToyL{ tkm{af6McjnlDjt ghL/M;Da4 sfg"gM§ d'n'sL P]g Hofg;DaGwL dxnsf] ! / !#-#_§ c=a+= !** g+=

cfb]zGof=tflx/ cnL cG;f/LMGof=tflx/ cnL cG;f/LMGof=tflx/ cnL cG;f/LMGof=tflx/ cnL cG;f/LMGof=tflx/ cnL cG;f/LM Gofo k|zf;g

P]g , @)$* sf] bkmf ( adf]lhd o; cbfntsf]If]qflwsf/leqsf] k|:t't d'2fsf] ;+lIfKt tYo /7x/ o; k|sf/5 .

ldlt @)^@÷!÷!! ut ] lbp F;f ]n=k'=lh=n=k'=p=d=g+=kf= j8f g+= @ ;fg]kf l:ytrDkf 8+uf]nsf] 3/df 8]/f u/L a:g] dlxnf dflg;sf]7fdf g} d[t cj:yfdf 5g\ eGg] hfgsf/Lcg';f/pQm :yfgdf k'Ubf ;'snfn tfdfªsf] >LdtLzflGt tfdfª d[t cj:yfdf lghsf] 8]/f sf]7fdfg} km]nf k/]sL / lghsf] >Ldfg pQm :yfgdfkm]nf gk/]sf] / d[tssf] nfzpk/ sfg"gadf]lhdul/kfpmF eGg] k|x/L k|ltj]bg .

n=k'=lh=n=k'=p=d=g+=kf=j8f g+=@ ;fg]kfl:ytk"j{df rDkf 8+uf]nsf] 3/,klZrd rDkf8+uf]nsf] 3/,pQ/ ;'/]Gb| g]kfnLsf] / blIf0f rDkf8+uf]nsf] 6x/f] olt rf/ lsNnfleq rDkf 8+uf]nsf]blIf0f df]xf]8f ePsf] e'Otn] 6x/f] ePsf], ;f]

*!#$ *!#$ *!#$ *!#$ *!#$ - ;'snfn tfdfª lj= g]kfn ;/sf/ ;'snfn tfdfª lj= g]kfn ;/sf/ ;'snfn tfdfª lj= g]kfn ;/sf/ ;'snfn tfdfª lj= g]kfn ;/sf/ ;'snfn tfdfª lj= g]kfn ;/sf/

685685685685685


6x/f]leq k|j]z ug]{ v'Nnf 9f]sf /x]sf], ;f] 6x/fsf]pQ/tkm{sf] s'gfdf la:tf/f;lxtsf] vl6ofdf k"j{6fpsf] klZrd v'§f eO{ ptfgf] cj:yfdf zflGttfdfªsf ] d [ts cj:yfdf nfz km ]nfk/]sf],d[tssf] b'j} cfFvf aGb ePsf],d'vaf6 t/nlkmh h:tf] kbfy{ lgl:sPsf], d[tssf] 3fF6Ldfbflxg] sfgsf] tnsf] efub]lv b]a|] sfgsf] tnsf]efu;Dd ;L=c+u|]hL cfsf/sf] 8f]/Lsf] h:tf] 8fdePsf],nfzn] nufPsf] sk8f vf]nL x]bf{ d[tskm'n] h:tf] ePsf] cj:yfdf kfOPsf] eGg]36gf:yn nfz d'r'Nsf .

n=k'=lh=;fg]kf l:yt rDkf 8+uf]n 3/df;'snfn tfdfª 8]/f sf]7f u/L a:b} cfPsf]6x/f ;f] sf]7fleq pQ/tkm{sf] s'gfdf sf7sf]vl6of ePsf],;f] sf7sf] k"j{kl§sf] s'gfdf n'ufx¿em'08fPsf], ;f] vl6ofsf] glhs} sk8fx¿df lgnf]/ªsf] s'tf{ ;'?jfndf cf]8g] ;nsf] 6'qmfsf]nDafO{ b'O{ kmL6 ;ft O{~r ePsf],;f] ;nsf]6'qmfsf] rf}8fO{ b'O{ kmL6 % O{~r ePsf],Psftkm{sf]efu a6fl/Psf] cj:yfdf ePsf], csf]{tkm{sf]efu l;Psf] cj:yfdf ck/fw;Fu ;DalGwtrLhj:t' km]nf kf/]sf]n] k|x/Ln] a/fdb u/Lnu]sf] eGg] ;d]t Joxf]/fsf] vfg tnf;Ld'r'Nsf .

@)^@÷!÷!! ut] zflGt tfdfªsf] d[tscj:yfdf 8]/f sf]7fdf nfz km]nf k/]sf] cj:yfdfcg';Gwfg xF'bf jf/bftkl5 efuL km/f/ /x]sf]k|ltjfbL ;'snfn tfdfªnfO{ kqmfp u/L ;f]wk'5ubf{ cfˆgf] >LdtL zfGtL tfdfªnfO{ klxnf zn/ kl5 xftn] 3fF6L lyrL st{Jo u/L df/]sf] egLatfPsf]n], tTsfn lghnfO{ ;fydf lnO{ uO{ lghsf]8]/f sf]7f sfg"gadf]lhd vfgtnf;L ubf{ lgh;'snfn tfdfªn] cfˆgf] >LdtLnfO{ st{Jo u/Ldfbf{ k|of]u u/]sf] lgnf] /Ësf] ;n b]vfPsf]n]a/fdb u/L a/fdbL d'r'Nsf a/fdbL ;n /k|ltjfbL ;'snfn tfdfªnfO{ cfjZos sf/jfxLsf]

nflu bflvnf u/]sf] eGg] k|=lg=t'N;Laxfb'//fptsf] k|ltj]bg .

d]/f] alxgL jif{ !( sL zflGt tfdfª /;'snfn tfdfªsf] aLr kfFr jif{ cufl8 lajfxeO{ Ps 5f]/f / Ps 5f]/Lsf] hfohGd e} lghx¿n=k'=lh=n=k'=p=d=g+=kf=j8f g+=@ ;fg]kfdf 8]/f u/La:b} cfPsf lyP . ldlt @)^@÷!÷!! ut] d]/f]alxgL zflGt tfdfª cfˆgf] 8]/f sf]7fdf d[tcj:yfdf ePsf] / 3fF6Ldf lgnf] 8fd lyof] . xfna'‰bf HjfO{ ;'snfn tfdfªn] d]/f] alxgLnfO{@)^@÷!÷!! ut] 3fF6L s;L st{Jo u/L df/]sf]yfxf hfgsf/L x'g cfPsf] x'Fbf ;'snfn tfdfªpk/sfg"gadf]lhd sf/jfxL ul/kfpmF eGg] ;d]tJoxf]/fsf] /fds'df/ lyª - tfdfª_ sf] hfx]/Lb/vf:t .

@)^@÷!÷!) ut] a]n'sf vfgf vfP kl5aQL afNg] laifodf jfbljjfb emu8f eO{ /fv]sf]df;'Tgsf nflu d vl6ofdf kN6]sf] / d]/f >LdtLn]dnfO{ ;/fksf] zAb k|of]u ug{'sf ;fy} ufnLunf}hu/]sfn] dnfO{ l/; p7L >LdtLsf] 3fF6L klxn]xftn] Rofk]sf], kl5 ;f]xL vl6of glhs ePsf]xfn j/fdb eOcfPsf] ;nsf] 6'qmf 3fF6Ldf s;LTo;kl5 klg 3fF6Ldf xftn] RofkL lgh zflGttdfªnfO{ d}n] st{Jo u/L df/]sf] xF' eGg] k|ltjfbL;'snfn tfdfªsf] k|x/Ldf u/]sf] aofg .

;'snfn tfdfª / lghsf] >LdtL zflGttfdfª sl/j Ps jif{ cufl8b]lv d]/f] 3/sf]6x/fdf 8]/f u/L a:g] u/]sf] / lghx¿ em} emu8fs'6kL6 ;d]t ug]{ x'Fbf sf]7f 5f8L hfg eg]sf]df@)^@÷!÷!! ut] ;'snfn tfdfªsf] sf]7f 9f]sfsf]r's'n nufPsf] lyof], lbpF;f] !! ah]lt/ zflGttfdfªsf] lbbL cfof] 9f]sf vf]nL x]bf{ zflGt tfdfªleq sf]7fdf d[t cj:yfdf km]nf k/]sf] / a'‰bf;'snfn tfdfªn] cfˆgf] >LdtLnfO{ st{Jo u/Ldf/]sf] / 36gfkl5 lgh efu]sf] /x]5g . lghzflGt tfdfªnfO{ ;'snfn tfdfªn] st{Jo u/L

686686686686686

df/]sf]df laZjf; nfU5 egL tf/f 8+uf]nn] 36gfljj/0f sfuh .

3fF6L lylrPsf] sf/0faf6 zflGt tfdfªsf]d[To' ePsf] eGg] ;d]t Joxf ]/fsf ] kf6gc:ktfnaf6 k|fKt x'g cfPsf] zj k/LIf0fk|ltj]bg .

@)^@÷!÷!! ut] lbpF;f] !! ah] HjfO{;'snfn tfdfª aRrfx¿ lnO{ d]/f] xf]6ndfcfPsf]n] alxgL sxfF uOg\ egL ;f]Wbf aQL afNguPsf] egL xf]6ndf kN6]sf]n] z+sf nfuL d]/f]gGb u+ufnfO{ x]g{ k7fpFbf u+uf d]/f] alxgLsf]sf]7fdf uO{ x]/L cfPkl5 dnfO{ ;'gfpFbf zflGttfdfª vl6ofdf ;'t]sf] / af]nfpFbf gaf]n]sf] eGbfHjfO{ ;'snfn tfdfª aRrfx¿ ToxLF 5f8L efu]kl5d tTsfn uO{ x]bf{ d]/f] alxgL zflGt tfdfªnfO{d[t cj:yfdf km]nf k/]sf] x'Fbf d]/f] alxgL zflGttfdfªnfO{ HjfO{ ;'snfn tfdfªn] g} 3fF6L lyrLdf/]sf]df laZjf; nfU5 egL k"l0f{df tfdfªn]u/]sf] sfuh .

d sfddf hfg nfUbf ;'snfn tfdfªn]aRrf af]sL lx8]sf] b]vL aRrfsf] cfdf sxfF uOgegL ;f]Wbf :joDe"df aQL afNg uPsf] egLatfPsf] / lbpF;f] !@ ah]lt/ tf/f 8+uf]n d}n]sfd ug]{ 7fpFdf u} ;'snfn tfdfªn] cfˆgf]>LdtLnfO{ st{Jo u/L df/]sf] egL atfPsf]n]a'‰bf lgh ;'snfn tfdfªn] g} st{Jo u/Ldf/]sf]df laZjf; nfG5 eGg] ;d]t Joxf]/fsf]6Lsf nfdfn] ul/lbPsf] sfuh .

alxgL zflGt tfdfªn] s] ul//fv]sf] 5,x]/]/ cfpg' egL zflGt tfdfªsf] sf]7fdf hfFbfr's'n nufPsf],vf]]nL x]bf{ vl6ofdf l;/sn] d'v5f]kL ;'t]sf] cj:yfdf /x]sLn] ;f]N6LgL egLaf]nfpFbf gaf]n]sf] sf/0f l;/s x6fO{ x]bf{ d'vdft/n kbfy{ lgl:sPsf] / gaf]n]sf]n] d}n] tTsfnuO{ efph"nfO{ ;f]xL s'/f atfPsf] x'F . lgh zfGtLtfdfªnfO{ lghsf] >Ldfg ;'snfn tfdfªn] 3fF6L

lyrL st{Jo u/L df/]sf] x'g egL u+uf tfdfªn]ul/lbPsf] sfuh .

; 'snfn tfdfª d ]/f ] 5f ]/ f xf ] .@)^@÷!÷!! ut] laxfg cfˆgf] 5f]/f 5f]/LnfO{lnO{ gf:tf v'jfO{ uPsf] lyof] . a'xf/L vf]O{ eGbf:joDe" aQL afNgsf] nflu uPsf] eg]sf]df lghn]a'xf/LnfO{ df/L efu]sf /x]5g\ . zflGt tfdfªd[t cj:yfdf sf]7fdf ePsf] s'/f yfxf kfPkl5uO{ x]bf{ d[t cj:yfdf ePsf] lghsf] 3fF6Ldf;d]t Rofk]sf] h:tf] b]lvPsf]n] lgh 5f]/f ;'snfntfdfªn] a'xf/LnfO{ st{Jo u/L df/]sf]df ljZjf;nfU5 egL ;+hodfof tfdfªn] u/]sf] 36gf laj/0fsfuh .

d]/f] 8]/f glhs rDkf 8+uf]nsf] 3/df8]/f u/L a:b} cfPsf] ;'snfn tfdfªsf] sf]7fcufl8 k"l0f{df tfdfª /f]O{ s/fO{ /x]sf] / rDkf8+uf]nsf] 5f]/L tf/f 8+uf]nn] dnfO{ bfO{ bfO{ egLaf]nfPsf]n] d tTsfn ;'snfn tfdfª sxfF uO{x]bf{ zflGt tfdfª vl6ofdf d[t cj:yfdf b]v]kl5c:ktfn n}hfg k¥of] egL c?n] eg]sf]df zflGttfdfªsf] d[To' eO;s]sf] /x]5 . k|x/LnfO{ va/ug'{k5{ egL d}n] glhssf] k|x/Ldf va/ u/]sf]x'F . ;'snfn tfdfªnfO{ vf]htnf; ubf{ efuLkm/f/ /x]sf] / d[ts zflGt tfdfªsf] nfz hfFrx'Fbf 3fF6Ldf Rofk]sf] h:tf] gLn8fd ePsf]n] zflGttfdfªnfO{ ;'snfn tfdfªn] st{Jo u/L df/]sf]dflaZjf; nfU5 eGg] ;d]t Joxf]/fsf] emdsaxfb'/dxtn] v'nfO{ ul/lbPsf] 36gf laj/0f sfuh .

@)^@÷!÷!) ut] d cfˆgf] 8]/f sf]7fdfg} lyPF . P]=!! ut] a]n'sf d]/f] bfO{ /fds'df/ lyªd]/f] sf]7fdf uO{ ;'snfn tfdfªn] alxgL zflGttfdfªnfO{ 3fF6L lyrL st{Jo u/L df/]sf] /x]5eg]kl5 dfq 36gf af/]df yfxf kfPsf] x'F zflGttfdfª d]/f] lbbL xf] zflGt tfdfªnfO{ legfh';'snfn tfdfªn] ufnL ug]{ / lbbLnfO{ 3fF6LlyrL st{Jo u/L df/]sf]df laZjf; nfU5 eGg]


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;d]t Joxf]/fsf] cho nfdfn] ul/lbPsf] 36gflaj/0f sfuh .

zflGt tfdfª d]/f] 5f]/L xf],;'snfn tfdfªHjfO{ x'g\ . 5f]/L nlntk'/ ;fg]kfdf 8]/f u/L a:b}cfPsf]df @)^@÷!÷!! ut] 5f]/LnfO{ :joDe"dfaQL afNg cfpg' eg] kl5 d :joDe"df uO{lbp;f] $ ah];Dd a;] 5f]/L gcfPkl5 d kmsL{5f]/Lsf] sf]7fdf uPF . pQm lbg /flt cfˆg} 8]/fsf]7fdf HjfO{ ;'snfn tfdfªn] 3fF6L lyrL st{Jou/L df/]sf] s'/f 5f]/f /fds'df/ lyª dfkm{t yfxfkfPsf] x'F . HjfO{ ;'snfn tfdfªn] 5f]/L zflGttfdfªnfO{ st{Jo u/L df/]sf]df laZjf; nfU5egL dL7'b]jL nfdfn] u/]sf] 36gf laj/0f sfuh .

cg';Gwfgsf] qmddf ;+slnt ;a'tcWoog u/L ldlt @)^@÷!÷!! ut] ;fg]kf l:ytrDkf 8+uf]nsf] 3/df 8]/f u/L a:g] zflGt tfdfªd[t cj:yfdf km]nf k/]sf] / lghsf] >Ldfg pQm:yfgdf km]nf gk/]sf]n] d[tssf] >Ldfg ;'snfntfdfªn] ;nn] 3fF6L s;L st{Jo u/L df/]sf]plNnlvt cfwf/ k|df0faf6 k'li6 x'g cfPsf]n] oLk|ltjfbL ;'snfn tfdfªnfO{ d'n'sL P]g ,Hofg;DaGwL dxnsf] ! g+= ljk/Lt !#-#_ g+= sf]s;"/df ;f]xL !#-#_ g+= cg';f/ ;hfo x'g dfubfjL lnO{ bfo/ ePsf] cleof]u kq .

dnfO{ zflGt tfdfªn] gfgf lsl;dsfufnL u/L emu8f ug]{ / dnfO{ xft xflng . d}n]lghnfO{ t;f{pg ;nn] a]/]sf] lyPF . e'O{df nl8g .d}n] kfgL v'jfO{ k]6df lyr]sf] lyPF . d laxfgp7\bf p;sf] ;fF; u};s]sf] /x]5 . To;kl5 daNv' rf]sdf u} :jf:gL df/]/ cfPsf] eg]kl5dnfO{ lhNnf k|x/L sfof{nodf NofPsf] xf] egL;'snfn tfdfªn] cbfntdf u/]sf] aofg .

k|ltjfbL ;'snfn tfdfª d]/f] HjfO{ x'g\ .zflGt tfdfª 5f]/L x'g\ . lghnfO{ HjfO{ ;'snfntfdfªn] ldlt @)^@÷!÷!! ut] st{Jo u/L df/]sf]x'Fbf zflGt tfdfªsf] xTof u/L dfg]{df c? sf]xL

5}gg\ . oL ;'snfn tfdfªdfq x'g . lghnfO{xb};Dd ;hfo x'g'k5{ egL dL7'b]jL nfdfn] u/]sf]askq .

k|ltjfbLn] cleof]u kq dfu bfjLadf]lhdd'n'sL P]g,Hofg;DaGwL dxnsf] !#-#_ g+=adf]lhdsf] s;"/ ck/fw u/]sf] b]lvFbf lghnfO{;f]xL g+= adf]lhd ;j{Zj;lxt hGds}b ;hfox'g] 7x5{ . t/, ldl;naf6 lgh k|ltjfbLn] cfˆg}:jf:gLnfO{ dfg'{kg]{ ;Ddsf] s'g} k"j{ l/;OjL of]hgfcflb s]xL /x] ePsf] b]lvb}g . :joDe"df aQLafNg hfg] s'/fdf /flt !=$% ah];Dd b'j} nf]Ug]:jf:gLaLr afblajfb emu8f xF'bf l/; yfDg g;sLoL k|ltjfbLn] cfˆgL :jf:gLnfO{ 3fF6L lyrL df/]sf]egL cfˆgf] ePsf] ;fFrf] Joxf]/f cbfntdf /df}sfdf clwsf/k|fKt clwsf/L;dIf ;d]tcleJoQm u/]/ cbfntL k|lqmofdf ;d]t ;3fPsf]x'Fbf oL k|ltjfbLnfO{ bfjLcg';f/sf] ;hfo ubf{rsf]{ kg{ hfg] lrQdf nfu]sf]n] lgh k|ltjfbLnfO{!) jif{ s}bsf] ;hfo tf]Sbf Jofjxfl/s x'g] /P]gsf] dg;fo klg k"/f x'g] x' Fbf d'n'sLP]g,c=a+=!** g+= adf]lhd k'g/fj]bg cbfnt,kf6g;dIf ;fws hfx]/L ul/Psf] eGg] ;d]tJoxf]/fsf] z'? nlntk'/ lhNnf cbfntaf6 ldlt@)^#÷$÷@( df ePsf] km};nf .

d]/f] d[tsnfO{ dfg]{ p2]Zo gePsf], o;d'2fdf d km/f/ x'g / d[tssf] d[To'sf] sf/0f;Fu;Da¢tf km};nfdf pNn]v 5}g . a'‰g' kg]{k|df0fnfO{ ga'emL hfRg' kg]{ k|df0fsf] oyf]lrtk/LIf0f gu/fO{ 36gfjnLsf] kl/j]z / cleo'Qmsf]cj:yfsf] ;du| ljZn]if0f / laj]rgf gu/L ,Goflosdgsf] k|of]u gu/L k|ToIfbzL{sf] cefjdf !)jif{ s}b x'g] /fo;lxtsf] z'?sf] km};nf q'l6k"0f{x'Fbf ab/ u/L ;kmfO lbnfO kfpmF eGg] ;d]tJoxf]/fsf] k|ltjfbLsf] k'g/fj]bg cbfnt , kf6gdfk/]sf] k'g/fj]bg kq .

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ldl;n ;fd]n /x]sf] ;j"b k|df0fx¿sf]laj]rgf / d"NofÍg u/L k|ltjfbL ;'snfn tfdfªnfO{Hofg;DaGwL dxnsf] !#-#_g+= adf]lhd ;j{Zj;lxthGds}b ;hfo x'g] 7x¥ofO{ s}b jif{ !) x'g dgfl;jb]vL c= a+= !** g+= adf]lhd /fo JoQm u/]sf];d]t z'? nlntk'/ lhNnf cbfntsf] ldlt@)^#÷$÷@( sf] km};nf ldn]s} b]lvFbf ;b/ x'g]7x5{ eGg] ;d]t Joxf]/fsf] k'g/fj]bg cbfntkf6gsf] ldlt @)^$.*.^ sf] km};nf .

d[ts d]/L >LdtL x'g\ . d}n] lghnfO{dfg]{ dg;fo lyPg . d;Fu emu8f ug{ yfn]sLsf/0f t;f{pgnfO{ dfq d}n] 3fF6Ldf ;n a]/]sf]x'F . ck/fw z+sf/lxt tj/n] k'li6 ug{ jfbL kIfn];s]sf] 5}g . dnfO{ ;hfo 7x/ ubf{ dg;fo,cfly{s, ;fdflhs, dfgl;s cj:yf, ck/fwaf6kLl8t / cfl;|tk|lt cleo'Qmsf] bfloTj x]l/g'kg]{df ;f] gx]/L ePsf] k'g/fj]bg cbfnt, kf6gsf]km};nf pN6L u/L cleof]u bfjLaf6 ;kmfO kfpmFeGg] k|ltjfbLsf] o; cbfntdf k/]sf] k'g/fj]bg .

lgodadf]lhd b}lgs d'2f k]zL ;"rLdfr9L lg0f{ofy{ cfh o; Ohnf;;dIf k]z ePsf]k|:t't d'2fsf] k'g/fj]bg kq;lxtsf] ldl;n cWoogul/of] . k'g/fj]bs k|ltjfbLtkm{af6 pkl:yt ljåfgclwjQmfx¿ >L /fds[i0f sfˆn] / >L ab|Lk|;fbe'iffnn] cleof]hg kIfn] lnPsf] bfjL k|df0f /sfg"gåf/f k'li6 x'g ;Sg] vfnsf] 5}g . 36gfkl/l:yltn] o; jf/bftnfO{ eljtJo b]vfPsf] 5 .k'g/fj]bs k|ltjfbLsf] d[ts;Fu k"j{ l/;OjL klg5}g / dfg]{;Ddsf] dg;fo klg ljBdfg 5}g .t;y{ k'g/fj]bg cbfnt, kf6gaf6 ePsf] km};nfpN6L x'g'kb{5 egL ax; k|:t't ug'{eof] .

pko'{Qm ljåfg sfg"g Joj;foLx¿sf]ax; ;'gL OG;fkmtkm{ ljrf/ ubf{ k'g/fj]bgcbfnt kf6gsf] km};nf ldn]sf] 5 5}g <k|ltjfbLsf] k'g/fj]bg lhsL/ k'Ug] xf] xf]Og <eGg] ;DaGwdf lg0f{o lbg'kg]{ b]lvg cfof] .

@= lg0f{otkm{ ljrf/ ubf{ ldlt@)^@÷!÷!) ut] /flt :joDe"df aQL afNg] s'/fdflajfb x'Fbf k|ltjfbL ;'snfn tfdfªn] cfˆgL >LdtLzflGt tfdfªnfO{ 3fF6Ldf ;nn] s;L st{Jo u/Ldf/]sf] b]lvFbf lghnfO{ d'n'sL P]g, Hofg;DaGwLdxnsf] !#-#_ g+= adf]lhd ;hfo ul/kfpmF eGg]cleof]u bfjL ePsf] k|:t't d'2fdf z'? nlntk'/lhNnf cbfntn] km};nf ubf{ k|ltjfbL ;'snfntfdfªnfO{ cleof]u bfjL cg';f/ ;j{Zj;lxthGds}b ;hfo x'g] u/L 36gfsf] kl/l:ylt ljrf/u/L c=a+=!** g+= cg';f/ !) aif{ s}b x'g'kg]{ /foJoQm u/]sf] z'? km};nfdf lrQ ga'emL k|ltjfbLk'g/fj]bg cbfnt kf6gdf k'g/fj]bg lhsL/ lnO{hfFbf ;f] cbfntn] klg z'? OG;fkm ;b/ x'g7x¥ofP pk/ k|ltjflbsf] o; cbfntdf k'g/fj]bgk/L lg0f{ofy{ k]z ePsf] b]lvG5 .

#= k|ltjfbL ;'snfn tfdfª /zflGt tfdfª nf]Ug] :jf:gL ePsf]df ljjfb 5}g .d[ts zflGt tfdfªsf] a'jf k/nf]s ePsf] bf];|f]jif{ k'u]sf] ltlydf :joDe"df aQL afNg hfg]s'/fdf oL k'g/fj]bs k|ltjfbL / d[ts >LdtLzflGt tfdfªaLr emu8f x' Fbf l/;n] oLk'g/fj]bsn] cfKMg} >LdtL d[ts zflGt tfdfªsf]3fF6Ldf ;nn] s;]sf] eGg] b]lvg cfof] . oLk'g/fj]bs k|ltjfbL ;'snfn tfdfªn] clwsf/k|fKtclwsf/L;dIf u/]sf] aofgdf ldlt @)^@÷!÷!)ut]sf] a]n'sf vfgf vfPkl5 d[tssf] >LdtLzflGt tfdfª;Fu aQL afNg] laifodf lajfb eO{d]/f] >LdtLn] dnfO{ ufnLunf}h u/]sfn] l/;p7L >LdtLsf] 3fF6Ldf klxn] xftn] Rofk]sf] /tTkZrft\ ;'Tg] vl6of glhs /x]sf] ;nsf] 6'qmfn]>LdtLsf] 3fF6L s;L vl6ofdf kN6fO{ >LdtLsf]v'§fdf a;]sf] / ;f] kZrft\ ;d]t 3fF6Ldf xftn]RofKbf >LdtL af]Ng 56k6fpg 5f8]sf]n] >LdtLd/]sf] egL yfxf kfPsf] xF' egL jf/bftsf] :ki6lrq0f v'nfO{ d[tssf] d[To' cfˆgf] st{Joaf6


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ePsf] xf] egL ;flatL aofg lbPsf] kfOG5 .$= k'g/fj]bs k|ltjfbLsf] cbfntdf ePsf]aofg x]bf{ 36gfsf] lbg xfdL >Ldfg\ >LdtLsf]Pscfk;df emu8f k¥of] . pgn] dnfO{ xftxflng . pgLnfO{ t;f{pg ;n a]/]sf] lyPF . pgLe'O{Fdf nl8g . d}n] kfgL v'jfP/ k]6 lyrL x]/]F .To;a]nf ;f; uPsf] lyPg . d ;'t] / laxfg p7Lx]bf{ pgsf] ;f; u};s]sf] /x]5 egL u/]sf] ;flatLjofgaf6 ;d]t d[ts zflGt tfdfªsf] d[To' oLk'g/fj]bs k|ltjfbLs} st{Joaf6 ePsf] b]lvG5 .

%= k'g/fj]bs k|ltjfbLsf] pk/f]Qm;fljtLnfO{ j:t'l:ylt d'r'Nsf,df}sfdf sfuhug]{x¿sf] cbfnt;dIfsf] askq nf; k|s[ltd'r'Nsf / kf]i6df6{d l/kf]6{;d]t af6 k'li6 x'gcfPsf] b]lvg cfof] . d[tssf] kf]i6df6{d l/kf]6{''The cause of death could be due to legature

strangulation'' egL lrlsT;ssf] /fon] lbPsf]b]lvG5 . hfx]/jfnfsf] ls6fgL hfx]/L b/vf:t /k|x/Ldf sfuh ug]{ dL7'b]jL nfdfsf] cbfntdfePsf] askqn] ;d]t 36gfsf] k'li6 ePsf] kfOG5 .k'g/fj]bssf] st{Joaf6 zflGt tfdfª d/]sL xf]Ogcs}{sf] st{Joaf6 jf cfTdxTof u/L lghsf] d[To'ePsf] eGg] k'g/fj]bg lhsL/ klg 5}g . o:tf]cj:yfdf k'g/fj]bs k|ltjfbLsf] st{Joaf6} zflGttfdfªsf] d[To' ePsf]n] k'g/fj]bg lhsL/cg';f/cf/f]lkt s;"/ ck/fwaf6 ;kmfO kfpg ;Sg]cj:yf b]lvg cfPg . k'g/fj]bs k|ltjfbL ;'snfntfdfªnfO{ cleof]u bfjLcg';f/ g} d'n'sL P]g,Hofg;DaGwL dxnsf ] !#-#_g += adf ] lhd;j{Zj;lxt hGds}b ;hfo x'g] 7x5{ .

^= t/ 36gfsf] cj:yf / kl/l:yltlgofNbf d[ts k|ltjflbsL >LdtL gftfsL/x]sL,afa'sf] jflif{sLdf :joDe"df aQL afNg] h:tf];fdfGo ljifodf lajfb ePsf] dfq b]lvG5 . k"j{l/;OjL s]xL b]lvPsf] 5}g . klxnfb]lv em}emu8feO/xg] jf k|ltjfbLn] cfˆgL >LdtLnfO{ ;w}F

k|tf8Lt u/L /xg] jf b'Mv lbO{ /xg] jf s'g}cfly{s jf kfl/jfl/s sf/0fn] klxnfb]lv dfg]{p2]Zo lnPsf] jf k|of; u/]sf] cj:yf;d]t b]lvPsf]5}g . >LdtLn] ufnLunf}h u/]sf] sf/0faf6>LdtLaf6 cfkm" ckdflgt ePsf] cg'ej u/]/To;af6 p7]sf] tTsfnsf] l/; yfDg g;sLk|ltjfbLn] ;nn] d[tssf] 3fF6L lyr]/ df/]sf]b]lvG5 . o;/L k"j{ l/;OjLn] dfg]{ of]hgf geP/;fdfGo lajfbsf] kl/0ffddf tTsfn p7]sf] l/;af6st{Jo u/L k|ltjfbLsL >LdtL zflGt tfdfªsf]d[To' ePsf] l:ylt ldl;n ;+nUg k|df0fx¿af6v'Ng cfpg'sf ;fy} k|ltjfbLn] 36gf bjfpg] jfk|df0f nf]k ug{] h:tf] sfddf gnfuL :ki6 /;fFrf] s'/f eg]/ cg';Gwfgdf / Goflos k|lqmofdf;xof]u ;d]t k'¥ofPsf] cj:yf 5 . To;f] x'gfn]oL k|ltjfbLn] Hofg;DaGwL dxnsf] ! / !#-#_g+= sf] s;"/ u/]sf] 7x/]tfklg lghsf] pd]/ 36gfsf]k|s[lt / kfl/jfl/s cj:yf;d]t x]bf{ lghnfO{Hofg;DaGwL dxnsf] !#-#_ g+= adf]lhd ;hfoubf{ rsf]{ kg]{ b]lvPsf]n] k'g/fj]bs k|ltjfbLnfO{c=a+= !** g+= adf]lhd !) jif{ s}b ;hfo ug{/fo JoQm u/]sf] k'g/fj]bg cbfnt kf6gsf] /fodgfl;a b]lvFbf ;b/ x'g] 7x5{ .

pk/f]Qm cfwf/ / sf/0faf6 k'g/fj]bsk|ltjfbL ;'snfn tfdfªnfO{ Hofg;DaGwL dxnsf]!#-#_ g+=adf]lhd ;j{Zj;lxt hGds}b x'g] 7x/fO{c=a+=!** g++ cg';f/ s}b jif{ !) ;hfo x'g /foJoQm u/]sf] k'g/fj]bg cbfnt, kf6gsf] ldlt@)^$÷*÷^ ut]sf] km};nf dgfl;a b]lvFbf ;b/x'g] 7x5{ . ;kmfO kfpg' k5{ jf eljtJo 7x/ x'g'k5{eGg] k|ltjfbLsf] k'g/fj]bg lhsL/ k'Ug ;Sb}g . k|:t'td'2fsf] bfo/Lsf] nut s§f u/L lgodfg';f/ ug"{ .pQm /fodf d ;xdt 5' .Gof=df]xgk|sfz l;6f}nfOlt ;+jt\ @)^^ ;fn a}zfv #) ut] /f]h $ z'ed\\Ohnf; clws[t –k/z'/fd e§/fO{

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lg0f{o g+= *!#% ;fpg, @)^^

;jf]{Rr cbfnt, ;+o'Qm Ohnf;dfggLo GofofwLz >L s[i0fk|;fb pkfWofodfggLo GofofwLz >L lu/LzrGb| nfn;+jt\ @)^% ;fnsf] kmf}=k'=g+=)&)*

km};nf ldltM @)^%.!@.!@.$d'2f M– st{Jo Hofg .

k'g/fj]bsM afn;'wf/ u[x, ;fgf] l7dLdf y'gfdf/x]sL v s'df/L

la?4k|ToyL{M s axfb'/sf] hfx]/Ln] g]kfn ;/sf/

z'? km};nf ug]{Mdf=lh=Gof=M >L s'df/k|;fb kf]v/]n

k'g/fa]bg km};nf ug]{Mdf=Gof= >L s[i0fk|;fb a:ofndf=Gof=>L a'l4k|;fb /]UdL

§ sfg"gadf ] lhd afx ]s s;}n ] s'g }sfg "gadf ] lhd afx ]s s;}n ] s'g }sfg "gadf ] lhd afx ]s s;}n ] s'g }sfg "gadf ] lhd afx ]s s;}n ] s'g }sfg "gadf ] lhd afx ]s s;}n ] s'g }dflg;sf] Hofg dfg{, dfg{ nufpgdflg;sf] Hofg dfg{, dfg{ nufpgdflg;sf] Hofg dfg{, dfg{ nufpgdflg;sf] Hofg dfg{, dfg{ nufpgdflg;sf] Hofg dfg{, dfg{ nufpgjf dfg{sf] nflu pBf]u ug{ gx'g]jf dfg{sf] nflu pBf]u ug{ gx'g]jf dfg{sf] nflu pBf]u ug{ gx'g]jf dfg{sf] nflu pBf]u ug{ gx'g]jf dfg{sf] nflu pBf]u ug{ gx'g]eGg ] Joj:yf ePaf6 cfk;LeGg ] Joj:yf ePaf6 cfk;LeGg ] Joj:yf ePaf6 cfk;LeGg ] Joj:yf ePaf6 cfk;LeGg ] Joj:yf ePaf6 cfk;L;xdltdf ljif ;]jg u/L d'To' x'g;xdltdf ljif ;]jg u/L d'To' x'g;xdltdf ljif ;]jg u/L d'To' x'g;xdltdf ljif ;]jg u/L d'To' x'g;xdltdf ljif ;]jg u/L d'To' x'guPdf cfk/f lws bf loTjaf6uPdf cfk/f lws bf loTjaf6uPdf cfk/f lws bf loTjaf6uPdf cfk/f lws bf loTjaf6uPdf cfk/f lws bf loTjaf6s; }nfO { pGd ' lQm lbg sfg "gtMs; }nfO { pGd ' lQm lbg sfg "gtMs; }nfO { pGd ' lQm lbg sfg "gtMs; }nfO { pGd ' lQm lbg sfg "gtMs; }nfO { pGd ' lQm lbg sfg "gtMgldNg] .gldNg] .gldNg] .gldNg] .gldNg] .

-k|s/0f g+=$_§ dg' {cl3 xf]; 5Fb} d[tsn] cfkm\gf]dg' {cl3 xf]; 5Fb} d[tsn] cfkm\gf]dg' {cl3 xf]; 5Fb} d[tsn] cfkm\gf]dg' {cl3 xf]; 5Fb} d[tsn] cfkm\gf]dg' {cl3 xf]; 5Fb} d[tsn] cfkm\gf]

d [To 'sf ] sf/0fsf ;DaGwdf JoQmd[To'sf ] sf/0fsf ;DaGwdf JoQmd[To'sf ] sf/0fsf ;DaGwdf JoQmd[To'sf ] sf/0fsf ;DaGwdf JoQmd[To'sf ] sf/0fsf ;DaGwdf JoQmu/]sf] s'/f / s'g} 36gfsf ;DaGwdfu/]sf] s'/f / s'g} 36gfsf ;DaGwdfu/]sf] s'/f / s'g} 36gfsf ;DaGwdfu/]sf] s'/f / s'g} 36gfsf ;DaGwdfu/]sf] s'/f / s'g} 36gfsf ;DaGwdf;f ] 36gfaf6 kL l8t df lg;n ];f ] 36gfaf6 kL l8t df lg;n ];f ] 36gfaf6 kL l8t df lg;n ];f ] 36gfaf6 kL l8t df lg;n ];f ] 36gfaf6 kL l8t df lg;n ]df }sfdf JoQm u/]sf ] s'/f k|df0fdf }sfdf JoQm u/]sf ] s'/f k|df0fdf }sfdf JoQm u/]sf ] s'/f k|df0fdf }sfdf JoQm u/]sf ] s'/f k|df0fdf }sfdf JoQm u/]sf ] s'/f k|df0f

P]g, @)#! sf] bkmf !) / !! cg';f/P]g, @)#! sf] bkmf !) / !! cg';f/P]g, @)#! sf] bkmf !) / !! cg';f/P]g, @)#! sf] bkmf !) / !! cg';f/P]g, @)#! sf] bkmf !) / !! cg';f/k|df0fdf lng ldNg] .k|df0fdf lng ldNg] .k|df0fdf lng ldNg] .k|df0fdf lng ldNg] .k|df0fdf lng ldNg] .

-k|s/0f g+=%_§ pd ]/ gk 'u ]sf afnaf lnsfsf ]pd ]/ gk 'u ]sf afnaf lnsfsf ]pd ]/ gk 'u ]sf afnaf lnsfsf ]pd ]/ gk 'u ]sf afnaf lnsfsf ]pd ]/ gk 'u ]sf afnaf lnsfsf ]

k "0f {¿kdf zf/Ll/s Pj+ dfgl;sk"0f {¿kdf zf/Ll/s Pj+ dfgl;sk"0f {¿kdf zf/Ll/s Pj+ dfgl;sk"0f {¿kdf zf/Ll/s Pj+ dfgl;sk"0f {¿kdf zf/Ll/s Pj+ dfgl;sljsf; eO;s]sf] gx'g] / pgLx¿dfljsf; eO;s]sf] gx'g] / pgLx¿dfljsf; eO;s]sf] gx'g] / pgLx¿dfljsf; eO;s]sf] gx'g] / pgLx¿dfljsf; eO;s]sf] gx'g] / pgLx¿dfjois df lg; ;/x cfk/f lwsjois df lg; ;/x cfk/f lwsjois df lg; ;/x cfk/f lwsjois df lg; ;/x cfk/f lwsjois df lg; ;/x cfk/f lwsdl:tis -dl:tis -dl:tis -dl:tis -dl:tis -Mens Rea_ sf ] ljsf;_ sf ] ljsf;_ sf ] ljsf;_ sf ] ljsf;_ sf ] ljsf;;d]t gx'g] x'Fbf pgLx¿nfO{ jois;d]t gx'g] x'Fbf pgLx¿nfO{ jois;d]t gx'g] x'Fbf pgLx¿nfO{ jois;d]t gx'g] x'Fbf pgLx¿nfO{ jois;d]t gx'g] x'Fbf pgLx¿nfO{ joisdflg; ;/x ;hfo gu/L pgLx¿sf]dflg; ;/x ;hfo gu/L pgLx¿sf]dflg; ;/x ;hfo gu/L pgLx¿sf]dflg; ;/x ;hfo gu/L pgLx¿sf]dflg; ;/x ;hfo gu/L pgLx¿sf]zf/Ll/s / dfgl;s ckl/kSjtfzf/Ll/s / dfgl;s ckl/kSjtfzf/Ll/s / dfgl;s ckl/kSjtfzf/Ll/s / dfgl;s ckl/kSjtfzf/Ll/s / dfgl;s ckl/kSjtfpk/ ljrf/ u/L pgLx¿sf] ;jf]{Qdpk/ ljrf/ u/L pgLx¿sf] ;jf]{Qdpk/ ljrf/ u/L pgLx¿sf] ;jf]{Qdpk/ ljrf/ u/L pgLx¿sf] ;jf]{Qdpk/ ljrf/ u/L pgLx¿sf] ;jf]{Qdlxt lxt lxt lxt lxt -Best Interest_ sf nf lu sf nf lu sf nf lu sf nf lu sf nf lucfjZostfcg';f/ pGd'lQm, 5"6 jfcfjZostfcg';f/ pGd'lQm, 5"6 jfcfjZostfcg';f/ pGd'lQm, 5"6 jfcfjZostfcg';f/ pGd'lQm, 5"6 jfcfjZostfcg';f/ pGd'lQm, 5"6 jf;'ljwf k|bfg u/L t'ngfTds ¿kdf;'ljwf k|bfg u/L t'ngfTds ¿kdf;'ljwf k|bfg u/L t'ngfTds ¿kdf;'ljwf k|bfg u/L t'ngfTds ¿kdf;'ljwf k|bfg u/L t'ngfTds ¿kdfsd ;hfo ul/g'kg] { .sd ;hfo ul/g'kg] { .sd ;hfo ul/g'kg] { .sd ;hfo ul/g'kg] { .sd ;hfo ul/g'kg] { .

-k|s/0f g+=&_

k'g/fj]bs tkm{af6M ljåfg clwjQmfåo >L xl/s[i0fsfsL{ / >L ljgf]b >]i7

k|ToyL{ tkm{af6M ljåfg ;xGofoflwjQmf >L o'j/fh;'j]bL

cjnlDjt ghL/M;Dj4 sfg"gM§ Hofg;DaGwL dxnsf] !, !#-@_§ afnaflnsf ;DaGwL P]g, @)$* sf] bkmf !!-#_§ c=a+= !**§ k|df0f P]g, @)#! sf] bkmf !) / !!

km};nfGof=s [ i0 fk |;fb pkfWofoMGof=s [ i0 fk |;fb pkfWofoMGof=s [ i0 fk |;fb pkfWofoMGof=s [ i0 fk |;fb pkfWofoMGof=s [ i0 fk |;fb pkfWofoM ljz ] i f

k|s[ltsf d'2fx¿sf] sf/jfxLdf kIfsf] uf]kgLotfsfod /fVg];DaGwL sfo{ljlw lgb]{lzsf, @)^$adf]lhd k|:t't d'2fsf d[ts, hfx]/jfnf, k|ltjfbL/ k|ltjfbLsL cfdf;d]tsf] jf:tljs gfd kl/jt{gul/Psf] 5 .

*!#% *!#% *!#% *!#% *!#% - v s'df/L lj= g]kfn ;/sf/ v s'df/L lj= g]kfn ;/sf/ v s'df/L lj= g]kfn ;/sf/ v s'df/L lj= g]kfn ;/sf/ v s'df/L lj= g]kfn ;/sf/

691691691691691


k'g/fj ]bg cbfnt kf6gsf ] ldlt@)^$.*.@) sf] km};nf pk/ Gofo k|zf;g P]g,@)$* sf] bkmf ( adf]lhd k'g/fj]bg k/L k]zx'g cfPsf] k|:t't d'2fsf] ;+lIfKt tYo Pj+ 7x/o; k|sf/ 5 M–

d]/f ] 5f ]/f jif { !^ sf ] c s'df/1fg]Gb|k|;fbsf] 3/df 8]/f u/L sGrg df=lj= -af]l8{Ë :s"n_ df sIff !) df cWoog u/L a;]sflyP . ldlt @)^@.^.^ ut] a]n'sL d]/f] 5f]/f 8]/fdf56\k6fO{ /x]sf] dnfO{ ljif k¥of] sfutL NofpmegL s/fPsf] uf]8fsf] tNnf] efudf sf6] laifhfG5 egL lr/]5 ;f] s'/f 3/ wgL ;d]tn] :s"nsfkfn] / ;/x¿nfO{ vj/ u/]kl5 :s"nsf ;/x¿n]5f]/fnfO{ pkrf/sf] nflu kf6g c:ktfndf NofPsf]/ dnfO{ ufpFdf va/ u/]sf]df d kf6g c:ktfndfhfFbf 5f]/fsf] d[To' eO;s]sf] /x]5 . d]/f] 5f]/fn]ljif cfkm}+ vfPsf] xf] jf v'jfOPsf] xf] ;f] ;DaGwdfcfjZos cg';Gwfg u/L sf/jfxL ul/kfpmF eGg];d]tsf] s axfb'/sf] hfx]/L b/vf:t .

k"j{df sGrg df=lj=, klZrddf ah|af/fxL/]~r kf]i6, pQ/df 1fg]Gb|k|;fb l3ld/]sf] uf]7,blIf0fdf ;fj{hlgs rf}/ olt rf/ lsNnfleq/x]sf] 1fg]Gb|k|;fb l3ld/]sf] 3/df klxnf] tnfdfc s'df/sf] sf�]7f /x]sf] ;f] sf]7fleq 6L6]j'ndfly :6Lnsf] lunf; e/L /x]sf] lkmSsf lrofh:tf] b]lvg] t/n kbfy{ /x]sf] sf]7fsf] knªglhs :6Lnsf] lunf;df lrof vfO{ ;s]sf] lrofklQsf] 5f]qmf km]nf k/]sf] 6]j'ndf /x]sf] Pp6fsfkLsf] kfgfdf /ftf] d;Lsf] cIf/n] ædnfO{ vs'df/Ln] lrofdf ljif ld;fP/ v'jfP/ 3/ uPsf]ÆeGg] n]lvPsf] sfkL km]nf k/]sfn] ;f];d]t k|x/Ln]p7fO{ a/fdb u/L nu]sf] eGg] Joxf]/fsf]vfgtnf;L a/fdbL d'r'Nsf .

d[ts c s'df/sf] skfn sfnf] ePsf]xNsf skfn tfGbf gcfpg] cfFvf b'a} cw{ v'Nnf/x]sf], d'v v'Nnf /x]sf], d[tssf] z/L/df 3fp

rf]6k6s gLn8fd gePsf] b'a} v'§fsf] k}tfnfsf]efudf /ut nfu]sf], bflxg] v'§fsf] sfG5L cf}+nfdfyf]/} sfl6Psf] 3fp ePsf] d[tssf] xft v'§fsfgªx¿ lgnf] kx]nf] b]lvPsf] kfOPsf] eGg] ;d]tsf]nfz hfFr d'r'Nsf .

d]/f] 5f]/f jif{ !^ sf] c s'df/ 1fg]Gb|k|;fbl3ld/]sf] 3/df 8]/f u/L sGrg df=la=af]l8{Ë:s"ndf sIff !) df cWoog u/L a;]sf lyP .ldlt @)^@.^.^ ut] lbpF;f] :s"ndf sIff !) dfk9\g] v s'df/Ln] d]/f] 5f]/f / sIff !) df g} k9\g];'efif l3ld/]nfO{ klg df5'{ d klg d5'{ egLwDsfO{ ;f]xL ^ ut] a]n'sf d]/f] 5f]/f c s'df/8]/fdf sk8f wf]O{ sf]7fdf cfO{ sf]7f vf]nL lgh;Fugaf]nL sf]7fdf uPsf]df lgh v s'df/L klg5f]/f;Fu} sf]7fdf uPsL, To;sf] %,& ldg]6kl5d]/f] 5f]/fn] sfutL 5 egL cfk"m;Fu k9\g] /fdrGb|l3ld/];Fu dfu]sf]df sfutL gkfPkl5 b'O{ cf]6flrof vfg] lunf; lnO{ sf]7fdf uPsf] To;sf] $,% ldg]6kl5 sfutL dfUg cfpFbf v s'df/L sf]7fdfgePsf], To;sf] $, % ldg]6kl5 5f]/fn] dnfO{ljif k¥of] egL sfutL dfu]sf] / lghnfO{ tTsfnToxfF ePsf dflg;x¿ ;d]t eO{ pkrf/sf] nflukf6g c:ktfndf NofPsf] yfxf ePsf] x'Fbf d]/f]5f]/fnfO{ ljif ld;fO{ v'jfO{ st{Jo u/L dfg]{ lghv s'df/Lpk/ sfg"gL sf/jfxL ul/kfpmF eGg];d]t axfb'/sf] hfx]/L b/vf:t .

cg';Gwfgs} l;nl;nfdf d[ts c s'df/a:g] ub}{cfPsf] 8]/f sf]7fdf k]mnf k/]sf] lkmSsflrof h:tf] b]lvg] t/n kbfy{ lunf;sf] kLFwdf/x]sf] lrofklQ h:tf] b]lvg] j:t';lxtsf t/nkbfy{ :6Ln lunf;;d]t k/LIf0f ubf{ ls6gfzs-cUof{gf]kmf]:kmf]/;, cUof{gf]Snf]l/g, kfO/]yf]O8 tyfsfjf{d]6_, km\o'ldu]G6 / d';f dfg]{ ljiffbL kfpg;lsPg eGg] Joxf]/fsf] s]Gb|Lo k|x/L j}1flgsk|of]uzfnf sf7df8f}+af6 k|fKt x'gcfPsf] k/LIf0fk|ltj]bg .

692692692692692

ldlt @)^@.^.^ ut]sf lbg xfdL :s"ndf/x]sf] cj:yfdf xfdL;Fu cWoo/t\ v s'df/Ln]dnfO{ af]nfPsLn] lgh ePsf] 7fpFdf hfFbf lghn];fyL c s'df/nfO{ af]nfp eg]sLn] d}n] af]nfO{lgh ePsf] 7fpFdf nu]+ . ltdLn] s] d]/f] a]OHhtug{ vf]h]sf] d]/f] c6f] 8fo/L s;nfO{ b]vfPsf]lyof} egL wDsfPsL lyOg\ . c s'df/n] d}n]8fo/L s;}nfO{ klg k9\g lbPsf] 5}g eg]sf]n]To;f] eP d]/f] kmf]6f] Nofp eg]kl5 c s'df/n]kmf]6f] ;Demgfsf] nflu klg x'G5 d lbGg eg] .To;kl5 ltdL b'a}nfO{ klg df5{' / d klg d5{'egL wDsfO{ k7fPsL lyOg\ . ;f]xL lbg a]n'sLc s'df/sf] ljif ;]jgaf6 d[To' ePsf]n] lgh vs'df/Ln] g} lrofdf ljif ld;fO{ v'jfO{ st{Jou/L df/]sf]df ljZjf; nfUb5 eGg] Joxf]/fsf]cg';Gwfgsf] qmddf a'lemPsf ;'efif l3ld/]n]u/]sf] 36gf ljj/0f sfuh .

ldlt @)^@.^.^ ut] a]n'sL c+=!*M@)ah]sf] ;dodf d b"w bf]P/ jfN6Lgdf /fvL 3/tk{muO/x]sf] cj:yfdf v s'df/Ln] c s'df/ vf]ObfO{ egL ;f]w]sLn] d}n] sk8f w'g uPsf] 5 egLatfPF . lghn] rfjL tkfO{;Fu 5 egL ;f]w]sf]dfd}n] 5}g eg]+ . ;f]xL 7fpFdf al;/x]sL lyOg\ ./fdrGb| / c s'df/ sk8f wf]P/ sf]7fdf cfPkl5/fdrGb| sk8f ;'sfpg uP / c s'df/n] rfjLvf]nL sf]7fleq v s'df/L / c s'df/;Fu ;Fu}sf]8]/fdf uPsf] leqaf6 r'Ss'n ;d]t nufPsf lyP .s]xL ;dokl5 /fdrGb|sf sf]7fdf c s'df/sfutL dfUg cfPsf lyP . d To;a]nf /fdrGb|sf]sf]7fdf al;/x]sf] lyPF . To;sf] s]xL ;dokl5klg b'O{cf]6f lunf; dfUg cfP / lnP/ uP .To;kl5 d cfkm\gf] sf]7fdf uO{ 6L=eL=df ;dfrf/x]/L jl;/x]sf] lyPF . To;sf] s]xL ;dokl5/fdrGb| lrRofpFb} c s'df/nfO{ s] eof] 7"nf afeg]kl5 d tTsfn c s'df/sf] sf]7fdf cfPF .k'ikf lyËn] c s'df/nfO{ sfutL v'jfpFb} /lx5g\ .

s] ef] egL ;f]4f lrofdf ljif /fvL lbO{ v s'df/LuO5g\ eg]kl5 d;d]t eO{ uf8L vf]hL u/L tTsfnpkrf/sf] nflu kf6g c:ktfn NofpFbf lghsf]d[To' ePsf] xf] . c s'df/nfO{ v s'df/Ln] lrofdfljif /fvL vfg lbO{ st{Jo u/L df/]sf] xf] eGg]Joxf ]/fsf ] cg';Gwfgsf ] qmddf a'lemPsf1fg]Gb|k|;fb l3ld/]n] u/]sf] 36gf ljj/0f sfuh .

ldlt @)^@.^.^ ut] :s"naf6 cfPkl5 cs'df/n] / d eO{ sk8f w'g uPsf]df sk8f w'g]qmddf dnfO{ ;fyL c s'df/n] d cfh w]/} v';L5' lsgeg] d]/f] hUuf klg kf; eof], v s'df/L;Fula5f]8 eof] . To;}n] cfh d]/f] sf]7fdf a;L vfgfvfg] egL eg]sf] / sk8f wf]O ;s]kl5 xfdLsf]7fdf cfpFbf v s'df/L cfO/x]sL /lx5g\ . dsk8f ;'sfpg uPF . c s'df/n] sf]7f vf]n]kl5 cs'df/ / v s'df/L sf]7fleq k;L 9f]sf nufPsflyP . sk8f ;'sfO{ sf]7fdf cfO{ 3/a]6L 7"nfaf;Fu s'/fsfgL ul//x]sf] cj:yfdf c s'df/sfutL dfUg cfPsf]n] d}n] 5}g egL k7fO{ lbPF .To;kl5 k]ml/ lunf; dfUg cfPsf]n] b'O{j6f lunf;lbP/ k7fPF . k]ml/ klg lrofdf /fvL vfgsf]nflu egL sfutL dfUg cfP . sf]7fdf cfk}mn]vf]h] k]mnf gk/]kl5 kmsL{ uP . To;sf] #, $ldg]6kl5 v s'df/L c s'df/sf] sf]7faf6 lgl:sP/uPkl5 c s'df/n] 9f]sfdf cfO{ ltdL k;n hfg]eP sfutL NofO{ lbg' eg]sf]n] d lj:tf/} k;ntk{muPsf]df k'ikf lyË xtf/n] k;ndf k'uL sfutLlsgL dnfO{ l56f] cfpm elgkmls{Og\ . d lj:tf/}sf]7fdf cfpFbf l6 6]j'ndfly /x]sf] sfkL x]g{nfUbf c s'df/n] dnfO{ ljif k¥of] l56f] c:ktfnn}hfp eg]sf]n] tTsfn d;d]t eO{ pkrf/sf]nflu c:ktfn NofpFbf lghsf] d[To' ePsf] xf] .lghnfO{ v s'df/Ln] g} lrofdf laif ld;fO{ vfglbO st{Jo u/L df/]sf] xf] eGg] Joxf]/fsf]cg';Gwfgsf] qmddf a'lemPsf /fdrGb| l3ld/]n]u/]sf] 36gf ljj/0f sfuh .


693693693693693


ldlt @)^@.^.^ ut] d sf]7faf6 aflx/lg:sL al;/x]sf] cj:yfdf c s'df/sf] sf]7faf6v s'df/L lg:sL uPsL lyOg\ . To;sf] s]xL;dokl5 c s'df/ sf]7faf6 lgl:sP/ dnfO{ laifk¥of] dnfO{ sfutL NofOlbg' eg]sf]n] d tTsfnk;ndf uO{ sfutL lsgL /fdrGb|nfO{ klg af]nfO{c s'df/sf] sf]7fdf cfpFbf lgh ;'lt/x]sf /x]5g\ .ToxfF k'Ugf;fy 6]j'ndfly dnfO{ v s'df/Ln]lrofdf laif ldnfO{ v'jfPsf] egL n]vL ;xL;d]tu/L 56\k6fO{ /x]sf] cj:yfdf d}n] lsgL nu]sf]sfutL ;d]t sf6\g gkfpFb} xftaf6 g} lnO{ l;Ë}d'vdf xfnL rkfP/ /; lgn]sf lyP . To;kl5lghnfO{ pkrf/sf] nflu c:ktfn NofPsf]dflghsf] d[To' ePsf] xf] . lghnfO{ v s'df/Ln]lrofdf laif ldnfO{ vfg lbO{ st{Jo u/L df/]sf]xf] eGg] Joxf]/fsf] cg';Gwfgsf] qmddf a'lemPsfk'ikf lyËn] u/]sf] 36gf ljj/0f sfuh .

cg';Gwfgsf] l;nl;nfdf d[ts cs'df/sf] 8]/f sf]7fdf k]mnf k/]sf] dnfO{ vs'df/Ln] lrofdf laif ld;fP/ v'jfPsf] / 3/uPsf] eGg] lnvt / d[ts c s'df/n] cl3 kl5n]Vg] u/]sf] x:tlnlk;Fu d]n vfPsf] x'Fbf pQmk]mnf k/]sf] lnvt c s'df/n] n]v]sf] xf] eGg]Joxf]/fsf] s]Gb|Lo k|x/L j}1flgs k|of]uzfnfsf7df8f}+af6 k|fKt ePsf] k/LIf0f k|ltj]bg .è ˜ : c s 'df/sf ] lei f ] / f gd "gfx¿dfls6gfzsx¿ -cUof{gf]kmf]:kmf]/;, cUof{gf]Snf]l/g,kfO/]yf]O8 tyf sfjf{d]6_, km\o'ldu]G6 / d';f dfg]{laiffbL kfpg ;lsPg eGg] Joxf]/fsf] s]Gb|Lok|x/L j}1flgs k|of]uzfnf sf7df8f}+af6 k|fKt ePsf]k/LIf0f k|ltj]bg .

d[ts c s'df/ / d Pp6} :s'ndf sIff!) df cWoog ug]{ x'Fbf lgh / d]/f] aLrdfdfofk|]d /x]sf] lyof] . o:t}df ldlt @)^@.^.^ ut]a]n'sf c s'df/n] dnfO{ af]nfPsf]n] d :s"naf63/df u} sk8f abnL lghsf] sf]7fdf hfFbf lgh

sf]7fdf geO{ sk8f w'g uPsf] /x]5 . d ToxfFs]xL ;do a;]kl5 c s'df/ cfO{ sf]7fsf] 9f]sfvf]n]kl5 xfdL b'a} hgf sf]7fdf uof}F . sf]7flequO{ a;]kl5 lsg dnfO{ af]nfPsf] egL ;f]Wbflghn] dnfO{ o; kfnL ljjfx ug{sf] nflu bjfalbO/x]sf 5g\, o; kfnL ljjfx ug'{ kb{5 eg]sf]d}n] clxn] xfd|f] ljjfx ug]{ ;do ePsf] 5}g,xfd|f] hft klg ldNb}g, OG6/sf:6 To;dfly klgclxn] slnn} pd]/ 5, kl5 xfd|f] pd]/ k'u]kl5 dljrf/ u?Fnf eGbf lghn] xF'b}g ltdL / d lsljjfx ug]{ ls laif vfP/ b'a} ;Fu;Fu} dg]{ eg]sf]n]To;sf] hjfkm s]xL glbO{ d r'k nfuL a;]sf]dflghn] ljif ;]jg ug{sf] nflu :jLs[lt kfPsf]eGg] ;f]r]5g\ . To;kl5 xfdL b'a} hgf ldnLlrof agfof}+ . c s'df/n] lrofdf lghn] nuL/fv]sf] laif lgsfnL ldnfPkl5 d}n] Ps 3'6\sf]vfFbf tLtf] ePsf] / 3/df s]lx klg geg]sf]n]dnfO{ dg{b]lv 8/ nfu]sf] x'Fbf d}n] vfOg . lghn]@, # k6s vfP . d}n] ltdL klg gvfpm egL d]/f]lunf;sf] ljif ld;fPsf] lrof klg lghsf]lunf;df vgfO{ lbO{ ToxfFaf6 cfkmgf] 3/dfuPsf]df d n8]kl5 cfdfn] s] eof] egL ;f]4fd}n] laif vfPsf] eg] kl5 dnfO{ tTsfn pkrf/fy{kf6g c:ktfndf NofPsf]n] d jRg ;kmn ePsf]x'F eg] lgh c s'df/sf] ;f]xL ljif;]jg u/]sfsf/0f pkrf/fy{ c:ktfn Nofpg] qmddf g} d[To[ePsf] xf] . d}n] lghnfO{ lrofdf ljif ld;fO{ lbO{df/]sf] xf]Og eGg] Joxf]/fsf] k|ltjfbL v s'df/Ln]u/]sf] aofg sfuh .

ldlt @)^@.^.^ ut] ;fFem d]/L 5f]/L vs'df/L ;fyL ePsf] 7fpFdf uO{ sfkL lnP/ cfpF5'egL uPsf]df gcfPkl5 5f]/Lsf] vf]hL ul//x]sf]lyPF . d]/f] 3/af6 kfFr ldg]6sf] b"/Ldf 5f]/LnfO{k]mnf kf/]kl5 /flt sxfF uPsL egL b'O{ yKk8lxsf{O{ xftdf ;dftL 3/df NofPsf]df lghn]laif ;]jg u/]sf] s'/f atfO{ . lsg s'g 7fpFdf

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laif vfPsf] egL ;f]4f lgh j]xf]; eO{ ;s]sLn]lghnfO{ pkrf/sf] nflu kf6g c:ktfn NofPsf]dfpkrf/kZrft\ 7Ls ePsf] xf] . ef]lnkN6 cs'df/sf] ljif ;]jgaf6 d[To' ePsf] eGg] ;'gLyfxf kfPsf] xf] . ;'g]cg';f/ c s'df/ / d]/L 5f]/Lv s'df/Ln] ;Fu} ljif ;]jg u/]sf]df c s'df/sf]d[To' ePsf] /x]5 eGg] Joxf]/fsf] cg';Gwfgsf]qmddf a'lemPsL u s'df/Ln] u/]sf] 36gf ljj/0fsfuh .

k|ltjfbL v s'df/Ln] s's'/nfO{ dfg]{ laifv'jfO{ c s'df/nfO{ df/]sf]df ljZjf; nfUb5 .lgh k|ltjfbLsL cfdfn] %, ^ dlxgf cufl8gËs/k|;fb b'nfnsf] s's'/nfO{ ;d]t laif v'jfO{df/]sf] xf] eGg] Joxf]/fsf] gËs/k|;fb b'nfn,s[i0fk|;fb b'nfn ;d]tn] u/]sf] 36gf ljj/0fsfuh .

@)^@.^.^ ut] k|ltjfbL v s'df/Ln] cfk"mcWoog/t\ :s"nsf ;'efif l3ld/] / c s'df/;Fuc6f] 8fo/Lsf] laifonfO{ lnO{ jfbljjfb ubf{ b'j}nfO{df/L cfkm" klg dg]{ egL wDsfPsf] / ;f]xL ;fFem!*M#) jh]sf] ;oddf c s'df/sf] sf]7fdf uO{sf]7fdf a;L b'a}n] lrof agfO{ c s'df/nfO{lrofdf ljif ld;fO{ vfg lbO{ st{Jo u/L df/Ld'n'sL P]g Hofg;DaGwLsf] dxnsf] ! g+=ljk/Lt!#-@_ g+=adf]lhd s;"/ u/]sf] b]lvFbf lgh k|ltjfbLv s'df/LnfO{ ;f]xL P]gsf] Hofg;DaGwLsf] dxnsf]!#-@_ g+=cg';f/ x'g] ;hfo x'g dfu bfjL lnO{bfo/ ePsf] cleof]u kq .

d[ts c s'df/nfO{ d}n] ljif v'jfO{ df/]sf]xf]Og . xfdL b'j}sf] ;xdltdf vfPsf]df lghsf]d[To' eof] . laif lgh c s'df/n] NofPsf lyP .lghn] g} lrofdf ld;fPsf x'g\ . d]/f] s;};Fuklg jfbljjfb gePsf] / d}n] s;}{nfO{ dfg]{ wDsLlbPsf] lyOg . vfgtnf;L d'r'Nsfdf plNnlvtsfkLsf] kfgfdf /ftf] d;Ln] n]lvPsf] dnfO{ vs'df/Ln] lrofdf ljif ld;fP/ v'jfPsf] / 3/

uPsf] eGg] n]lvPsf] lghsf] x:tfIf/ xf]Og h:tf]nfU5 . t/ ;f]sf] d'lg ePsf] ;lx5fk lgh cs'df/sf ] xf ] h:tf ] nfU5 . clwsf/k|fKtclwsf/L;dIf u/]sf] jofg d}n] eg] adf]lhdn]lvPsf] xf] / ;lx5fk ;d]t d]/f] xf] . d}n] laifv'jfO{ c s'df/nfO{ df/]sf] xf]Og . 36gf:yndfj'lemPsf dflg;n] lsg To:tf] sfuh n]vfO{ lbPdnfO{ yfxf 5}g . d j]s;"/ ePsf]n] cleof]ubfjLaf6 d}n] ;kmfO kfpg' kb{5 eGg] Joxf]/fsf]k|ltjfbL v s'df/Ln] z'? cbfntdf u/]sf] aofg .

tTsfn k|fKt k|df0faf6 oL k|ltjfbLs;"/bf/ xf]Og /lx5g\ eGg] ca:yf ljBdfggePsf]n] kl5 k|df0f a'emb} hfFbf 7x/]adf]lhdx'g] u/L xfnnfO{ c=j+=!!* g+= sf] b]xfo @ adf]lhd;DalGwt sf/fuf/ zfvfdf y'gfdf /flvg' kg]{dfclwsf/k|fKt clwsf/L / cbfntdf jofg ubf{;d]t k|=n] cfkm\gf] pd]/ !% jif{sf] pNn]v u/]sf]/ k|ltjfbLsf sfg"g Joj;foLn] k|ltjfbL vs'df/Ln] lhNnf:t/Lo k/LIff jf]8{ nlntk'/sf];l6{lkms]6sf] k|ltlnlk k]z u/]sf] / ;f]df lghk|ltjfbLsf] hGd lj=;=@)$^.!).!@ egL pNn]vePsf] b]lvPsf] x'Fbf k|ltjfbL gfjflnsf b]lvPsf]n]afnaflnsf;DaGwL P]g @)$* adf]lhd jfn;'wf/ u[xdf k7fpg] u/L z'? cbfntaf6 ePsf]cfb]zfg';f/ lgh k|ltjfbL v s'df/L afn ;'wf/u[x ;fgf]l7dL eQmk'/df /xL d'2f k'k{If u/L cfPsL/lx5g\ .

c s'df/n] dnfO{ ljif k¥of] sfutL NofO{lbg' k¥of] eg]/ d sfutL lng uPF . sfutL lnghfFbf /fdrGb|nfO{ k;ndf e]6]+ . /fdrGb|nfO{ l56f]cfpm eg]+ . cfk"m rflxF sfutL lnP/ bf}8Fb} cfPF .To;kl5 c s'df/n] cfkm\gf] sfkLsf] kfgfdf vs'df/Ln] dnfO{ lrofdf laif xfnL lbPsf] egLn]v]sf] /x]5 . sfutL sf6]/ lbG5' eGbf d}n] sf6\g/ lbg klg EofOg . l;Ë} rkfPkl5 /fdrGb|n]sfutL NofOlbP . ;f] klg l;Ë} rkfP . To;kl5


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56\kl6b} n'uf w'g] ;fj'g klg rkfP / kl5 dnfO{w]/} ufx|f] eof] c:ktfn nlub]pmF eg] . To;kl53/a]6L 1fg]Gb| bfO{ cGo /fdrGb| l3ld/] :s"nsfkfn] bfO{;d]t eO{ c:ktfn nu]sf] xf] . k|x/Ldfu/]sf] sfuhsf] Joxf]/f ;lx5fk ;d]t d]/f] xf]eGg] ;d]t Joxf]/fsf] k|x/Ldf sfuh ug]{ k'ikflyËn] z'? cbfntdf u/]sf] jskq .

v s'df/L / d[ts c s'df/ Pp6} sIffdfk9\y] . v s'df/Ln] rflxF c s'df/;Fu ljjfx ug{vf]h]sf] jf k]|d ug{ vf]h]sf] c s'df/n] k9fO{sf]sf/0fn] ubf{ lgh;Fu k|]d ug{ OGsf/ u/]sf] sf/0fv s'df/Ln] cfj]zdf cfP/ lrofdf laifflb k|of]uu/L xTof u/]sf] x'g' kb{5 . k|x/Ldf ePsf] sfuh/ ;f]df nfu]sf] ;lx5fk ;d]t d]/f] xf] eGg] ;d]tJoxf]/fsf] j'lemPsf dflg; /fds[i0f x'dfufO{n]z'? cbfntdf u/]sf] jskq .

d[tsn] dnfO{ v s'df/Ln] lrofdf laif/fvL v'jfO{ efuL egL n]vL ;xL u/]sf] lr¶LlhNnf k|x/L sfof{no nlntk'/df b]v]sf] xf] . cs'df/ d]/f] ;fyL xf] . pm ;f]emf] slxn] s]6Lsf]s'/f ug]{ ;Fu} lx8\g] cflb ub}{g lyof] . ldlt @)^@.^.ût] a]n'sf pQm 36gf 36]sf] lyof] . pQm lbg vs'df/L c s'df/sf] sf]7fdf cfO{ a;]sL / lrofvfpFm egL lrof ksfO{ c s'df/nfO{ sfutL lngk7fO{ c s'df/sf] lrofdf laif /fvL cfkm\gf] lroflunf;df laif g/fvL lrof v'jfO{ uPsL x'g\ .;f]xL sf/0fn] lghsf] d[To' ePsf] xf] . k|x/LdfePsf] sfuhdf n]lvPsf] Joxf]/f / ;f]df ePsf];lx5fk;d]t d]/f] xf] eGg] Joxf]/fsf] ls/0f v8\sfn]z'? cbfntdf u/]sf] jskq .

v s'df/Ln] c s'df/nfO{ ljif ;]jgu/fPsf]n] lghnfO{ c:ktfndf pkrf/sf] nflunluPsf]df lghsf] d[To' eO;s]sf] /x]5 . 5f]/fsf]d[To' ePkl5 lghsf a'af s axfb'/nfO{ kmf]gu/]kl5 pgLx¿ c:ktfn uO{ s axfb'/n] dnfO{klg kmf]g u/L af]nfP . d c:ktfn uPF . 8fS6/nfO{

d}n] xfd|f] la/fdLsf] s] sf/0fn] d[To' ePsf] xf]egL ;f]Wbf laif ;]jgsf] sf/0faf6 d[To' ePsf]xf] egL hfgsf/L lbP . 36gf e} ;s]kl5 c?n]eg]cg';f/ v s'df/Ln] c s'df/nfO{ ljif ;]jgu/fO{ df/]sf] xf] . 36gf:yn d'r'Nsfsf] sfuhdfnfu]sf] ;lx5fk d]/f] xf] eGg] ;d]t Joxf]/fsf]k|foM Ps} ldnfgsf] s[i0faxfb'/ v8\sf / gj/fhdxt;d]tn] z'? cbfntdf u/]sf] askq .

ldlt @)^@.^.& ut] kf6g c:ktfndf;'/IffsdL{n] nf; a'emg';\ egL v s'df/Ln] ljifv'jfO{ 3/ uO{ egL n]lvPsf] Pp6f lghs} x:tfIf/ePsf] sfkL b]vfO{ ljif ;]jgaf6 c s'df/sf]d[To' ePsf] xf] egL cfwf/ k|df0fx¿ b]vfPkl5xfdLn] nf; a'em]sf] xf] . cGo s'/f yfxf 5}g .nf; hfFr d'r'Nsfdf nfu]sf] ;lx5fk d]/f] xf]eGg] Joxf]/fsf] /fdsfhL v8\sfn] z'? cbfntdfu/]sf] jskq .

pgLx¿sf] dg;fo s] lyof] yfxf ePg .c s'df/ 1fg]Gb| l3ld/]sf] 3/df 8]/f sf]7f lnO{a;]sf] / pQm lbg v s'df/Ln] ljif v'jfPsLx'g\ . c s'df/sf] 3/ / d]/f] 3/ ;Fu} xf] . cs'df/nfO{ c:ktfn n}hfFbf n}hfFb} af6f]df d[To'ePsf] egL kmf]g cfPkl5 xfdL /ftL cfof}+ . s]6f]clt ;f]emf] lyof] . ef]lnkN6 ;a}n] eg]kl5 xfdLk'Ubf pQm hfgsf/L kfof}+ . 36gf ljj/0f sfuhd]/f] /f]xj/df ePsf] xf] / ;f]df nfu]sf] ;lx5fk;d]t d]/f] xf] eGg] Joxf]/fsf] e/t a:g]tn] z'?cbfntdf u/]sf] jskq .

v s'df/Ln] c s'df/nfO{ ljif v'jfPsf]/ ;f] sf/0faf6 lghsf] d[To' ePsf] eGg] s'/f;'g]sf] xf] . d klxNo}{ nlntk'/ kf6gdf a:y]+ .k'ln;n] nf; d'r'Nsfdf eg]sf]n] dfq yfxf kfPsf]xf] . b'O{ hgfdf c s'df/sf] dfq d[To' ePsf] xf] .36gf:yn d'r'Nsfdf ePsf] ;lx5fk d]/f] xf] eGg]Joxf]/fsf] ;fg' l3ld/]n] z'? cbfntdf u/]sf]jskq .

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ldlt @)^@.^.& sf] hfx]/L b/vf:t ldlt@)^@.^.& sf] nf; hfFr d'r'Nsf / ldlt @)^@.^.(sf] ls6fgL hfx]/L b/vf:t;d]tsf] Joxf]/f ;Totyf 7Ls ;fFrf] xf] lsgsL d]/f] 5f]/fn] lr7Ln]v]sf] cfwf/af6 klg k|i6 x'G5 . ;fy} pQmsfuhx¿df ePsf] ;lx5fk;d]t d]/f] xf] eGg];d]t Joxf]/fsf] hfx]/jfnf s axfb'/n] z'?cbfntdf u/]sf] jskq .

kf]i6df6{d l/kf]6{df n]lvPsf] s'/f 7Ls;fFrf] xf] . d[tssf] k]6 k'm6]sf] 5 . k]6leq 6\ofJn]6klg e]l6Psf] lyof] . ;f] w]/} ;]jg ePaf6 k]6k'm6]sf] x'g;S5 . k]6df klxn]b]lv cN;/ eP/,vfgf kf]Ohg, sf]/f]l;e kf]Ohg eP/ k]6df w]/}Pl;8sf] lgdf{0f ug]{ vfg] s'/f ;]jg ePdf klgTo:tf] x'g ;S5 . cf]e/ l8:6]G;g eP/ klg x'g;S5eGg] ;d]t Joxf]/fsf] zj k/LIf0f ug]{ 8f=rGb|zf]efcdfTon] z'? cbfntdf u/]sf] askq .

ldlt @)^#.&.# sf] k/LIf0f lyglnP/qmf]Dof6f]u|fkmL k|ljlwaf6 k/LIf0f u/]sf] xf] t/kl5 yk gd"gf / ljj/0fsf] cfwf/df k/LIf0f u/Lk7fOPsf] xf] . pQm k/LIf0f k|ltj]bgdf plNnlvtJoxf]/f ;To ;fFrf] xf] eGg] ;d]t Joxf]/fsf] laiffbLk/LIf0f ug]{ j}1flgs k|x/L lg/LIfs p4j anfdLn]z'? cbfntdf u/]sf] jskq .

ldlt @)^@.^.!^ ut]sf] k|ltj]bg d;d]taf6 laleGg j}1flgs pks/0fsf] d2tn]sDKof/Lhg Dofy8af6 k/LIf0f ul/ k|ltj]bg k|:t'tu/L k7fOPsf] xf] . ldlt @)^@.^.!$ sf] x:tfIf/k/LIf0f k|ltj]bgsf] Joxf]/f ;To xf] / ;f]df ePsf];xL ;d]t d]/f] xf] eGg] ;d]t Joxf]/fsf] x:tfIf/k/LIf0f ug]{ ljz]if1 clDasfk|;fb lwtfnn] z'?cbfntdf u/]sf] askq .

k|ltjfbL v s'df/L k9\g] ljBfyL{ ePsf]/ lghn] To:tf] v/fj sfd ug]{ h:tf] nfUb}g .lghsf] afgL Joxf]/f cfr/0f /fd|f] lyof] . lghn]d[tsnfO{ ljif v'jfpg] sf/0f klg lyPg . lghn]

v'jfPsf] eGg] s'/fdf dnfO{ ljZjf; nfUb}g .lghx¿ aLr ;fdfGo k|]d a;]sf] eGg] s'/f ;'g]sf]xf] . cGo s'/f dnfO{ yfxf 5}g eGg] ;d]t Joxf]/fsf]k|ltjfbL v s'df/Lsf] ;fIfL z+s/k|;fb nfld5fg]n]z'? cbfntdf u/]sf] jskq .

v s'df/L d]/f] l5d]sL ePsf] x'gfn]lghnfO{ d}n] ;fg}b]lv lrg]sf] xf] . lghsf] / d]/f]3/ tNnf] / pkNnf] 3/ x'Fbf lghsf] jfgL Joxf]/fdfTo:tf] v/fj afgL Joxf]/f gePsf] / lghnugzLn / k9fOdf 6\ofn]G6 ePsf] x'Fbf lghn]To:tf] laif ;]jg u/fpg] sfo{ tyf ck/fw ul5{g\tyf u/] h:tf] nfUb}g . lgh k|ltjfbLn] d[ts cs'df/nfO{ laif ;]jg u/fO{ dfg'{kg]{ s'g} sf/0f;d]tgePsf] / lghn] To:tf] ck/fw gu/]sf] x'Fbfck/fw g} gu/]sf dflg;nfO{ ;hfo x'g'kg]{ xf]Og .lghn] cleof]u bfjLaf6 ;kmfO kfpg' kb{5 .lgh d[ts / k|ltjfbLlar 36gf 36g'cl3 s'g}jfbljjfb ePsf] d}n] yfxf kfPsf] 5}g . d[tssf]lktfn] cfkm\gf] 5f]/fsf] d[To' ePsf] sf/0fn] ;f]s'/f pNn]v u/]sf] xf]nf . t/ cGo 36gf:yndfa'lemPsf dflg;n] cfkm\gf] hfltut tyf l/;OjLsfsf/0f To;f] eg]sf x'g\ . t/ dnfO{ lghn] laifv'jfO{ df/]sf] eGg] s'/fdf ljZjf; nfUb}g eGg];d]t Joxf]/fsf] k|ltjfbL v s'df/Lsf] ;fIfLslknb]j Gof}kfg]n] z'? cbfntdf u/]sf] jskq .

ldlt @)^@.^.^ ut] a]n'sL nueu *M))ah]lt/ k;ndf uO{ d kmls{cfpFbf v s'df/Lsf]3/df ?jfjf;L rn]sf] ;'gL s]6fs]6L /f]Psf xf]nfg\egL leq l5g{ nfUbf b'O{ rf/ hgfs} ?jfjf;L;'g]sf]n] s] eP5 egL x]g{ hfg nfUbf ;f]xL3/sf bfO{ uf]ljGb|xl/ kf]v/]nn] dnfO{ l56f] cfOhegL af]nfpg' eof] . hfFbf lgh v s'df/LnfO{af]s]/ tn Nofpg nfUg' ePsf] lyof] . s] eof]eGbf ljif vfO{ eg]sf] ;'g] kl5 slkn bfO{sf]3/df jf]nfpg uPF . To;kl5 ToxLFaf6 ah|af/fxLx]Nykf]i6df kmf]g u/L PDj'n]G; af]nfO{ Toxfaf6


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kf6g c:ktfn Nofof}+ . ToxfF cfPkl5 s]xL a]/kl5b'a} hgfn] ljif vfPsf] eGg] yfxf kfOof] . vs'df/Lsf] afgL Joxf]/f rfnrng x]bf{ p;n] ljifv'jfpg' kg]{ sf/0f b]lvFb}g . p;n] klg b'j} hgfsf];xdltdf vfPsf] xf] eGg] ;'g]sf] xf] . b'O{ rf/lbgcufl8 3/sf cfOdfO{x¿af6 pgLx¿ aLrk|]d ;DaGw ePsf] s'/f yfxf lyof] . To; laifonfO{lnP/ 3/df ljjfb klg ePsf] lyof] . To;eGbfklxn] s]6fs]6Lsf] ljrdf e}memu8f ePsf] yfxf5}g eGg] ;d]t Joxf]/fsf] k|ltjfbL v s'df/Lsf;fIfL k'?iff]Qd Gof}kfg]n] z'? cbfntdf u/]sf]jskq .

k|ltjfbL v s'df/Ln] cfkm" cWoog/t\/x]sf] :s"nsf] c s'df/ / ;'efif l3ld/];Fu c6f]8fo/Lsf] laifonfO{ lnO{ jfbljjfb ubf{ b'j}nfO{df/L cfkm" klg dg]{ egL wDsfPsf] / ;f]xL lbg;fFem c s'df/sf] sf]7fdf uO{{ k|ltjfbLn] ;fydfNofPsf] ljif lrofdf xfnL cfkm"n] klg ;]jg ug]{/ c s'df/nfO{ klg v'jfpg] sfo{ u/L cfkm\g} k|]dLc s'df/nfO{ ljif v'jfO{ st{Jo u/L Hofg df/]sf]7x5{ . lghnfO{ d'n'sL P]g Hofg;DaGwLsf] !#-@_ g+=adf]lhd ;j{Zj;lxt hGds}b x'G5 . ;fy}k|ltjfbLnfO{ afnaflnsf ;DaGwL P]g, @)$* sf]bkmf @ -s_ adf]lhd gfaflnu /x]sL b]lvFbfafnaflnsf;DaGwL P]gsf] bkmf !!-#_ g+=adf]lhdpd]/ k'u]sfnfO{ x'g] ;hfosf] cfwf ;hfo ubf{rsf]{ kg]{ ePsfn] ck/fw x'Fbfsf] cj:yf /kl/l:yltnfO{ ljrf/ ubf{ lghnfO{ ̂ jif{sf] ;hfoug{ plrt x'Fbf c=j+=!** g+=adf]lhd /fo JoQmul/Psf] eGg] ;d]t Joxf]/fsf] ldlt @)^#.!@.@(sf] nlntk'/ lhNnf cbfntsf] k}{m;nf .

d[ts / d k|]ldsf ePsf] s'/fdf ljjfbg/x]sf] / lghnfO{ d}n] dfg'{ kg]{;Ddsf] sf/0fsxLF st}af6 k'li6 x'g g;s]sf] cj:yfdf d lgbf]{ifJolQmnfO{ xr'jfsf] e/df s;"/bf/ 7x/ ug]{ u/LePsf] k}m;nf q'l6k"0f{ xF'bf pQm k}m;nf ab/ u/L

cleof]u bfjLaf6 ;kmfO kfpmF eGg] ;d]t Joxf]/fsf]k|ltjfbL v s'df/Lsf] k'g/fj]bg–kq .

k|ltjfbL v s'df/Lsf] pd]/ j}1flgstj/af6 k/LIf0f u/L lrlsT;fzf:q cWoog;+:yfg dxf/fhu+hn] lbPsf] l/kf]6{cg';f/ lghgfafns gePsf] cj:yfdf ;'? lhNnf cbfntn]k|ltjfbLnfO{ gfafns dfg]/ k}m;nf ul/;s]kl5afnaflnsf P]g, @)$* sf] bkmf !!-#_ g+=adf]lhd;hfo ug'{kg]{df pQm P]gadf]lhd ;hfo ubf{rsf]{ kg{ hfg] egL gfaflnsfnfO{ x'g] ;hfogu/L 36gfsf] cj:yf / kl/l:ylt adf]lhd egLHofb} Go"gtd\ ;hfosf] /fo JoQm u/L ePsf]k}m;nf q'l6k"0f{ xF'bf ;f] xb;Dd ab/ u/L cleof]ubfjLadf]lhd ul/kfpFm eGg] ;d]t Joxf]/fsf] jfbLg]kfn ;/sf/sf] k'g/fj]bg kq .

d[ts / k|ltjfbL;d]t b'j}af6 laif k|of]uu/]sf] eGg] pNn]v ePsf] cj:yfdf k'g/fj]bsn]g} ljif v'jfPsf] / lghs} st{Jo lyof] eGg] osLggePsf] cj:yfdf z'? k}m;nf km/s kg{ ;Sg]xF 'bf c=j+=@)@ g+=tyf k'g/fj]bg cbfntlgodfjnL, @)$* sf] lgod $& adf]lhdk'g/fj]bg ;/sf/L jsLn sfof{no kf6gnfO{hfgsf/L lbO{ k]z ug'{ eGg] k'g/fj]bg cbfntkf6gsf] ldlt @)^$.*.^ ut]sf] cfb]z .

k|ltjfbL v s'df/Ln] cfkm\g} k|]dL cs'df/nfO{ ljif v'jfO{ st{Jo u/L Hofg df/]sf]s'/fdf clwsf/k|fKt clwsf/L;dIf aofg ubf{klxn] b'a}nfO{ vfg egL tof/ kf/]sf] lrofdfcfkm"n] Ps 3'6\sf] dfq vfO{ c? ;a} d[ts cs'df/sf] lunf;df vGofO{ cfkm" 3/ uPsf] / kl5;f]xL ljif ;]jg u/]sf] sf/0faf6 c s'df/sf]d[To' ePsf] egL :jLsf/]sf] / c s'df/n] n]v]sf]d[To'sfnLg 3f]if0ffkqdf ædnfO{ lrofdf ljifld;fP/ v'jfO{ 3/ uPsf]æ egL pNn]v u/]sf] /;f] gf]6 -3f]if0ff_ d[ts c s'df/s} ePsf] s'/fcl3 kl5sf] x:tfIf/af6 ;d]t k'li6 eO/x]sf]

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cj:yfdf cGo sf/0faf6 / c? s;}sf] ;+nUgtflagf k|ltjfbL v s'df/Ls} st{Joaf6 d[ts cs'df/sf] d[To' ePsf] s'/f k|dfl0ft / l;4 x'gcfPsf] b]lvgfn] Hofg;DaGwLsf] !# -@_ g+=adf]lhd;j {Zj;lxt hGds }bsf ] ;hfo ug ] { /afnaflnsf;DaGwL P]gn] cfwL cyf{t\ !) jif{s}b ;hfo ug]{ u/]sf] nlntk'/ lhNnf cbfntsf]ldlt @)^#.!@.@(.% sf] OG;fkm d'gfl;j x'Fbf;b/ x'g] 7x5{ . To;tk{m k|ltjfbLsf] k'g/fj]bglhsL/ k'Ug ;Sb}g . c=j+=!** g+=adf]lhdeljtJosf] cj:yf bzf{O jif{ ^ dfq s}b ug]{egL z'?af6 JoQm ul/Psf] /fotk{m ljrf/ ubf{lrofdf ljif xfnL v'jfO{ kl5 dg{ ;S5 eGg] s'/fhfgL–hfgL 3/tk{m lx8]sf] / ;f]xL hl/ofaf6d[ts c s'df/sf] d[To' ePsf] b]lvFbf k|ltjfbLsf];f] sfo{nfO{ eljtJo eGg gldnL dfly plNnlvtsf/0f / kl/aGwaf6 st{Jo g} b]lvPaf6 pQm/fo ck|f;f+lus e} Gofof]lrt gb]lvFbf ;f] /fox6fO{ lbg] 7x5{ eGg] k'g/fj]bg cbfnt kf6gsf]ldlt @)^$.*.@) sf] km};nf .

d}n] ljif nuL d[tsnfO{ v'jfPsf] xf]Og .d[tss} pS;fx6df d}n] ;d]t ljif ;]jg u/]sf]xf] . d}n] ;fgf] pd]/d} k|]d ug'{, ljjfxsf] s'/fnfO{lnP/ efjfj]zdf cfO{ k|]dL c s'df/n] laifo vfO{b'a} ;Fu;Fu} d/f}+ eGbf ;DemfO{ a'emfO{ ljif vfgaf6/f]Sg g;sL lghsf] pS;fx6df cfO{ cfk"m :jo+n]laif vfg' / tTsfn dg{ x'Fb}g eGg] ljrf/ cfO{ 8/nfu]sf]n] cflQP/ 3/ hfFbf laif vfPsf] s'/fcfdf a'afn] yfxf kfO{ ;dod} dnfO{ c:ktfnk'¥ofO{ pkrf/ ePsf] sf/0f afFRg ;kmn x'g'af6g} cleof]u bfjLadf]lhdsf] cfk/flws bfloTjd}n] Joxf]g'{ kg]{ xf]Og . ljif vfg v'jfpgdf d]/f]s'g} e"ldsf geO{ d[ts k|]dLs} pS;fx6df nfuLljif vfg;d]t ;l/s x'g', dg{ 8/ nfuL lghnfO{ToxL+ 5f8L 3/ hfg' d]/f] hfgL a'lemsgsf] bf]ifgeO{ sRrf pd]/ cyf{t\ afnfkgsf] kl/0flt xf]

eGg] :ki6 x'Fbfx'Fb} dnfO{ s;"/bf/ 7x/ u/L ;hfoug] { u/ ]sf ] k 'g/fj ]bg cbfntsf ] km };nfafnaf lnsf;DaGwL P ]g , @)$* tyfafnaflnsf;DaGwL dxf;lGw !(*( sf] dd{ /efjgf ;d]t ljk/Lt 5 . ctM ;f] km};nf ab/u/L cleof]u bfjLaf6 ;kmfO{ lbnfO{ kfpmF eGg];d]t Joxf]/fsf] k|ltjfbL v s'df/Lsf] o;cbfntdf k/]sf] k'g/fj]bg kq .

k |ltjfbL gfafns eGg] b ]lvPsf ] ,k|ltjfbLn] d[ts c s'df/nfO{ dfg'{kg]{;Ddsf] s'g}sf/0f gb]lvPsf] / k'g/fj]bs÷k|ltjfbL vs'df/Lsf] aofgcg';f/ c s'df/ / cfk"m ;+o'Qm?kn] cfTdxTof ug{ Ps};fy laif vfO {k'g/fj]bs;d]t c:ktfn egf{ eO{ pkrf/ u/fPsf]b]lvPsf]n] k|ltjfbLnfO{ !) jif{ s}b ug]{ u/LePsf ] k 'g/fj ]bg cbfnt kf6gsf ] ldlt@)^$.*.@) sf] km};nf km/s kg{ ;Sg] b]lvFbfc=j+=@)@ g+=adf ]lhd dxfGofoflwjQmfsf ]sfof{nonfO{ k]zLsf] ;"rgf lbg' eGg] o;cbfntsf] ldlt @)^%.!).* sf] cfb]z .

lgodadf]lhd b}lgs d'2f k]zL ;"rLdfr9L k]z x'g cfPsf] k|:t't d'2fsf] k'g/fj]bg;lxtsf] ;Dk"0f{ ldl;n cWoog ul/of] .

o;df k|ltjfbL v s'df/Ln] lrofdf ljifld;fO{ vfg lbO{ st{Jo u/L c s'df/sf] Hofgdf/]sf] jf/bft :yflkt ePsfn] k|ltjfbLnfO{Hofg;DaGwLsf] dxnsf] ! / !#-@_ g+ +sf] s;"/df;f]xL !#-@_ g+=cg';f/ ;hfo ul/kfpmF eGg]cleof]u dfubfjL ePsf] k|:t't d'2fdf k|ltjfbLn]cf/f ] lkt s;"/ u/ ]sf ] 7x¥ofO { lghnfO {afnaflnsf;DaGwL P]g, @)$* sf] bkmf !!-#_g+=adf]lhd cfwf ;hfo ubf{ ;d]t rsf]{ kg]{ egLc=j+=!** g+=adf]lhd ^ jif{ s}b ug]{ u/L z'?nlntk'/ lhNnf cbfntaf6 /fo JoQm eO{ km};nfePsf]df k'g/fj]bg cbfnt kf6gaf6 ldlt@)^$.*.@) df z'?af6 JoQm ePsf] /fo x6fO{


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k|ltjfbLnfO{ cleof]u kq dfu bfjL adf]lhdHofg;DaGwLsf] dxnsf] !#-@_ g+=cg';f/;j{Zj;lxt hGds}bsf] ;hfo x'g] 7x¥ofO{afnaflnsf;DaGwL P]g, @)$* sf] bkmf !!-#_cg';f/ joisnfO{ x'g] ;hfosf] cfwf cyf{t\ !)jif{ s}b ;hfo u/]sf] z'? nlntk'/ lhNnfcbfntsf] OG;fkm ;b/ u/]sf] km};nfpk/k|ltjfbLsf] k'g/fj]bg k/L k]z x'g cfPsf] b]lvof] .

k'g/fj]bs÷k|ltjfbLsf tkm{af6 pkl:ytljåfg\ clwjQmfåo >L xl/s[i0f sfsL{ / >L ljgf]b>]i7n] k|ltjfbLn] ljif v'jfPsf] eGg] tYo ldl;naf6k|dfl0ft x'Fb}g . d[tsn] g} laif ;]jg u/f}+= egL ljifxfnL agfPsf] lrof b'a}n] ;]jg u/]sf] cj:yf 5 .tTsfn} pkrf/ kfP/dfq} k|ltjfbL klg aRg ;kmnePsL x'g\ . k|ltjfbLn] cf/f]lkt s;"/ u/]sf]7x¥ofPsf] k'g/fj]bg cbfntsf] km};nf q'l6k"0f{ 5egL ax; ug'{eof] . k|ToyL{÷jfbLsf tkm{af6pkl:yt ljåfg\ ;x–GofoflwjQmf >L o'j/fh;'j]bLn] k|ltjfbLn] cf/f]lkt s;"/ u/]sf] 7x¥ofPsf]k'g/fj]bg cbfntsf] km};nf ;b/ x'g'kb{5 egLax; ug'{eof] .

plNnlvt ax;;d]t ;'gL k'g/fj]bgcbfnt kf6gsf] ldlt @)^$.*.@) sf] km};nf ldn]sf]5 5}g eGg] laifodf lg0f{o lbg'kg]{ b]lvof] .

@= lg0f{otkm{ ljrf/ ubf{, k|ltjfbLv s'df/Ln] cg';Gwfg clwsf/L;dIf / cbfntdfaofg ubf{ ;d]t dnfO{ d[ts c s'df/n] af]nfPsf]n]d lghsf] sf]7fdf uPsf]df lghn] ljjfxsf] k|:tfj/fv]sf] / d}n] clxn] xfd|f] ljjfx ug]{ ;do ePsf]5}g klxnf Sofl/o/ agfpg' k5{ eg]kl5 d[tsn]To;f] eP xfdL b'a} hgf laif vfO{ d/f}+ egL lrofagfO{ lrofdf laif ld;fO{ dnfO{;d]t lbP lghn]klg vfP, d}n] Ps 3'6\sL vfPkl5 tLtf] ePsf] /dg{ 8/ nfu]sf]n] b'a} lunf;sf] lrof Pp6}df vGofO{sf]7faf6 lg:sL 3/ uPsL x'F, pkrf/kZrft\ \ dafFRg ;kmn ePF c s'df/sf] d[To' eP5, d}n] lrofdf

laifo ld;fO{ c s'df/nfO{ vfg lbPsf] xf]Og egLcf/f]lkt s;"/df OGsf/ /xL aofg u/]sf] b]lvG5 .

#= d[tssf] Autopsy Report dfd[To'sf] sf/0fdf Rapture of Stomach eGg] pNn]vePsf] 5 . 36gf:yn d'r'Nsfdf b]lvPsf] d[tssf]sf]7fsf] 6]jnsf] Unf;df /x]sf] lrof h:tf] t/nkbfy{ / lrofsf] 5f]qmfdf tyf d[tssf] le;]/fdfAlkaloid Strychnine Sulphate_ gfds ljifflb km]nfk/]sf] eGg] s]Gb|Lo k|x/L j}1flgs k|of]uzfnfdxf/fhu~hsf] ldlt @)^@.&.# sf] kqaf6 b]lvPsf]5 . pQm k/LIf0f ug]{ j}1flgs p4j anfdLn]cbfntdf askq ubf{ km]nf k/]sf] pQm Alkaloid

u'|kleq s's'/ dfg{ k|of]u ul/g] ljifflb kb{5 egLaskq u/]sf] b]lvG5 . To:t} zjk/LIf0f u/L Autopsy

Report lbg] ljz]if1 8f=rGb|zf]ef cdfTon]g:Strychnine Sulphate sf] ;]jgaf6 Stomach

Rapture x'g;S5 egL askq;d]t u/]sf] b]lvFbfpQm Strychnine Sulphate gfds ljifflbsf] ;]jgaf6c s'df/sf] d[To' ePsf] s'/f l;4 x'g cfPsf] 5 .

$= d[ts c s'df/ / k|ltjfbL vs'df/L Pp6} sIff !) df k9\g] ljBfyL{ ePsf] /lghx¿jLr k|]d ;DaGw /x]sf] eGg] s'/f k|ltjfbL:jo+sf] aofg / ldl;n;+nUg cGo k|df0fx¿af6b]lvG5 . 3/a]6L 1fg]Gb|k|;fb l3ld/]sf] askqaf6d[ts / k|ltjfbL af/bftsf ;dodf sf]7fleqr'Ss'n nufO{ a;]sf] b]lvG5 . k|ltjfbL v s'df/L/ k'ikf lyªsf] clesygsf] d"NofÍgaf6 d[ts cs'df/nfO{ lghsf]] kl/jf/tkm{af6 ljjfx ug{ bjfjcfPsf]df lgh d[ts c s'df/ / k|ltjfbL v s'df/Lcfkm"x¿jLr ljjfx x'g g;Sg] lgisif{df k'uL cfk;L;Nnfx / ;xdltaf6 lrofdf ljif xfnL ;]jgu/]sf] sf/0faf6 k|:t't jf/bft 36\g uPsf] 5 .d'n'sL P]g Hofg;DaGwLsf] ! g+=df sfg"gadf]lhdafx]s s;}n] s'g} dflg;sf] Hofg dfg{, dfg{nufpg jf dfg{sf] nflu pBf]u ug{ x'Fb}g eGg]Joj:yf ePaf6 cfk;L ;xdltdf ljif ;]jg u/L

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d'To' x'g uPdf cfk/flws bfloTjaf6 s;}nfO{pGd'lQm lbg sfg"gtM ldNb}g .

%= k|ltjfbLn] cg';Gwfgsf qmddf/ cbfntdf ;d]t d[tsn] g} laif lgsfnL lrofdfld;fPsf] egL aofg u/]sf] b]lvP tfklg ldl;n;+nUg 36gf:yn d'r'Nsf x]bf{ k|ltjfbLn] aofgu/]cg';f/sf] laif /flvPsf] s'g} efF8f], Kofs]6 jfvf]n d[tssf] sf]7fdf /x] ePsf] b]lv+b}g . k|ydhfFraf6 lrof / lrofsf] kQLdf ljif ge]l6Pkl5ljz]if k|ljlwaf6 k'gM hfFr ubf{ s's'/ dfg{ k|of]ux'g] ljifflb kfOPsf] eGg] ljz]if1sf] /fo /x]sf]5 . ;f]xL k|s[ltsf] ljifflbsf] ;]jgaf6 d[tssf]d[To' ePsf] eGg] s'/f zj k/LIf0f k|ltj]bg /ljz]if1sf] askqaf6 b]lvPsf] 5 . To:tf] ljifflbk|ltjfbL v s'df/LsL cfdfn] l5d]sLsf] s's'/nfO{v'jfO{ df/]sf] eGg] ufpFm ;dfhdf ljjfb p7]sf]ldl;n ;+nUg k|df0faf6 b]lvPsf]n] cfkm\gf] 3/df/x]sf] ;f]xL ljifflb oL k|ltjfbLn] NofPsL xf]Ogg\xf]nf eGg] l:ylt 5}g . k|ltjfbLs} aofgcg';f/klg d[ts sf]7faflx/ lgl:sPsf] eGg] b]lvF+b}g .o;af6 cleof]u bfjLcg';f/ k|ltjfbLn] g} laiflnO{ uO{ lrofdf ld;fO{ d[tsnfO{ vfg lbPsf] /cfk"mn] Ps 3'6\sLdfq vfO{ b'a} Unf;sf] laifo'Qmlrof Pp6}df vGofO{ c s'df/nfO{ PSn} 5f8Lk|ltjfbL sf]7faf6 lgl:sO{ cfkm\gf] 3/tkm{ uPsf]eGg] b]lvG5 . To:t} d[tssf] sf]7faf6 a/fdbePsf] skLdf /ftf] d;Ln] dnfO{ v s'df/Ln]lrofdf ljif ld;fP/ v'jfPsf] / 3/ uPsf] egLn]lvPsf] Joxf]/f / x:tfIf/ d[ts c s'df/s} xf]eGg] ljz]if1sf] /fo / cbfnt;dIf ePsf]ljz]if1sf] askqaf6 b]lvPsf] 5 . 36gf ljj/0fsfuh ug]{ /fdrGb| l3ld/] / k'ikf lyªsf]Joxf]/faf6 d[tsn] ædnfO{ ljif k¥of]Æ egLlghx¿;Fu sfutL dfu]sf] / lghx¿n] d[tsnfO{sfutL lbg] qmddf sfkLdf n]lvPsf] pQm Joxf]/fxfdLn] b]v]sf xf}F egL cbfntdf askq;d]t

u/]sf] b]lvPaf6 d[tsn] xf];xjf;d} pQm Joxf]/fsfkLdf n]v]sf] eGg] b]lvg cfof] . dg'{ cl3 xf];5Fb} d[tsn] o;/L cfkm\gf] d[To'sf] sf/0fsf;DaGwdf JoQm u/]sf] s'/f / s'g} 36gfsf;DaGwdf ;f] 36gfaf6 kLl8t dflg;n] df}sfdfJoQm u/]sf] s'/f k|df0f P]g, @)#! sf] bkmf !) /!! cg';f/ k|df0fdf lng ldNg] g} x'Fbf ;f] ;d]tnfO{k|df0fdf lnO{ k|ltjfbLn] cf/f]lkt s;"/ u/]sf]7x¥ofO{ lghnfO{ cleof]u df+u bfjLadf]lhdHofg;DaGwLsf] !#-@_ g+=cg';f/ ;j{Zj;lxthGds}b ug]{ 7x¥ofPsf] z'? km};nf ;b/ u/]sf]k'g/fj]bg cbfnt kf6gsf] km};nf cGoyf ePsf]b]lvPg .

^= k | ltjfbLn ] cg ';Gwfgclwsf/L;dIf / cbfntdf aofg ubf{ ;d]tcfkm\gf] pd]/ !% jif{ egL n]vfPsf] b]lvG5 .lrlsT;fzf:q cWoog ;+:yfg dxf/fhu+hSofDk; km/]lG;s d]l8l;g ljefun] k|ltjfbLsf]pd]/ hfFr u/L lbPsf] l/kf]6{df lghsf] pd]/ !%b]lv !& jif{aLrsf] eGg] pNn]v ePsf] b]lvG5 .ldl;n ;+nUg District Level Examination Board

Lalitpur Mark–Sheet df k|ltjfbL v s'df/Lsf]hGd ldlt @)$^.!).!@ xf] eGg] pNn]v ePsf]b]lvPsf] 5 . o;/L j}1flgs hfFraf6 v'nfOPsf]lghsf] pd]/sf] ;Defljt tNnf] xb;Fu k|ltjfbLsf]aofg / plNnlvt dfs{l;6sf] Joxf]/f ldNg cfPsf]bl ]vFbf dfs{l;6df plNnlvt hGdldlt g}k|ltjfbLsf] cflwsf/Ls hGd ldlt dfGg'kg]{b]lvof] . To;sf cfwf/df jf/bft x'Fbf k|ltjfbLsf]pd]/ !% jif{ & dlxgf @$ lbg /x]sf] b]lvg cfO{afnaflnsf ;DaGwL P]g, @)$* sf] bkmf @-s_tyf !!-#_ adf]lhd lghnfO{ pd]/ k'u]sf]dflg;nfO{ x'g] ;hfosf] cfwf ;hfo ug'{kg]{ x'Fbf;f] cg';f/ cfwf cyf{t\ !) jif{ s}b ;hfo ug]{7x¥ofPsf] z'? km};nf ;b/ u/]sf] k'g/fj]bgcbfnt kf6gsf] km};nf ;d]t cGoyf b]lvPg .


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&= dfly ul/Psf] ljj]rgfadf]lhdk|ltjfbLn] cf/f]lkt s;"/ u/]sf] b]lvP tfklg ldl;n;+nUg sfuh k|df0faf6 k|ltjfbL / d[ts Pp6}:s"ndf Pp6} sIffdf k9\g] ljBfyL{ ePsf] /lghx¿aLr k|]d ;DaGw /x] ePsf] eGg] ;d]tb]lvG5 . ldl;naf6 k|ltjfbL]n] d[ts k|]dLnfO{ dfg'{kg]{;Ddsf] s'g} /L;OjL jf sf/0f /x] ePsf] eGg]klg b]lvFb}g . k|ltjfbLsf] aofg Joxf]/faf6 klgb'a} hgfn] ;xdltdf lrofdf laif xfnL ;]jgu/]sf] b]lvG5 eg] k|ltjfbLnfO{ klg Poisoning sf]l;sfotdf kf6g c:ktfndf egf{ u/L pkrf/u/fPsf] b]lvG5 . d[tssf] pd]/ !^ jif{ / k|ltjfbLsf]pd]/ !% jif{ /x]sf] b]lvG5 . o:tf] k[i7e"lddf36\g uPsf] k|:t't d'2fsf] jf/bftnfO{ jf:tjdfdg;fok"j{s ul/Psf] h3Go xTofsf] jf/bft geO{ckl/kSj lszf]/ lszf]/L k|]dL k|]ldsfn] efjfj]zdfcfP/ u/]sf] laHofOF dfGg' kg]{ b]lvg cfPsf] 5 .pd]/ gk'u]sf afnaflnsfsf] k"0f{¿kdf zf/Ll/sPj+ dfgl;s ljsf; eO;s]sf] gx'g] / pgLx¿dfjois dflg;;/x cfk/flws dl:tis -Mens Rea_sf] ljsf; ;d]t gx'g] x'Fbf pgLx¿nfO{ joisdflg; ;/x ;hfo gu/L pgLx¿sf] zf/Ll/s /dfgl;s ckl/kSjtfpk/ ljrf/ u/L pgLx¿sf];jf ] {Qd lxt -Best Interest_ sf nflucfjZostfcg';f/ pGd'lQm, 5"6 jf ;'ljwf k|bfgu/L t'ngfTds ¿kdf sd ;hfo ul/g' kb{5 eGg]afnljlwzf:qsf] :yflkt ljZjJofkL dfGotfcg'¿kk|:t't d'2fdf k|ltjfbL v s'df/LnfO{ % -kfFr_ jif{s}bsf] ;hfo ubf{ afnljlwzf:qsf] ds;b ;d]tk"/f x'g] ePsf]n] c=j+=!** g+=cg';f/ lghnfO{ jif{%-kfFr_ s}b ;hfo x'g] 7x5{ . c?df tkl;nadf]lhd ug"{ .

tk;Ln*= df ly OG;fkm v08df

n]lvPadf]lhd k|ltjfbL v s'df/LnfO{ kfFr jif{

s}b ;hfo x'g] 7x/L km};nf ePsf]n] k'g/fj]bgcbfntsf] km};nfn] /fv]sf] nut s§f u/L k|ltjfbLk|x/L lx/f;tdf /x]sf] ldlt @)^@.^.( b]lv kfFrjif{ cyf{t\ ldlt @)^&.^.* ;Ddsf] s}b nutsfod u/L c;"n ug'{ egL z'? nlntk'/ lhNnfcbfntdf n]vL k7fpg" ––!z'? km};nfn] /fv]sf] ;j{Zjtkm{sf] nut ;d]ts§f ug'{ egL nlntk'/ lhNnf cbfntdf n]vLk7fpg"–––@ldl;n lgodfg';f/ a'emfOlbg"––––––#

pQm /fodf d ;xdt 5' .Gof=lu/LzrGb| nfnOlt ;+jt\ @)^% ;fn r}t !@ ut] /f]h $ z'ed\\–Ohnf; clws[t M dft[sfk|;fb cfrfo{

lg0f{o g+= *!#^ ;fpg, @)^^

;jf]{Rr cbfnt, ;+o'Qm Ohnf;dfggLo GofofwLz >L tflx/ cnL cG;f/L

dfggLo GofofwLz >L ;'zLnf sfsL{;+jt\ @)^! ;fnsf] ;=kmf}=k'=j]]=g+= #^^!

km};nf ldltM @)^%.!@.!&.@d'2fM Hofg dfg]{ pBf]u .

k'g/fj]bs÷jfbLM– ljgf]bs'df/ zfxsf] hfx]/Ln]g]kfn ;/sf/ .

lj?4lhNnf wg'iff b'j/sf]6 xyn]6jf uf=lj=;=jf=g+= ^

a:g] 7sx/ d'lvofljg ;d]t .km};nf ug]{ GofofwLzM–

df=d'=Gof= ab|Ls'df/ a:g]t df=Gof= >L lji0f'k|;fb 9sfn§ st{Jo u/L Hofg df/]sf] jf dfg{dfst{Jo u/L Hofg df/]sf] jf dfg{dfst{Jo u/L Hofg df/]sf] jf dfg{dfst{Jo u/L Hofg df/]sf] jf dfg{dfst{Jo u/L Hofg df/]sf] jf dfg{df

pBf]u u/]sf] eÌ] s;"/df dg;fopBf]u u/]sf] eÌ] s;"/df dg;fopBf]u u/]sf] eÌ] s;"/df dg;fopBf]u u/]sf] eÌ] s;"/df dg;fopBf]u u/]sf] eÌ] s;"/df dg;fotTj k |d 'v /xG5 . dg;foj ]u/tTj k |d 'v /xG5 . dg;foj ]u/tTj k |d 'v /xG5 . dg;foj ]u/tTj k |d 'v /xG5 . dg;foj ]u/tTj k |d 'v /xG5 . dg;foj ]u/s;}n] s;}sf] xTof ub}{g To;sf/0fs;}n] s;}sf] xTof ub}{g To;sf/0fs;}n] s;}sf] xTof ub}{g To;sf/0fs;}n] s;}sf] xTof ub}{g To;sf/0fs;}n] s;}sf] xTof ub}{g To;sf/0fdg;fo kQf nufpg ' cfjZosdg;fo kQf nufpg ' cfjZosdg;fo kQf nufpg ' cfjZosdg;fo kQf nufpg ' cfjZosdg;fo kQf nufpg ' cfjZos

702702702702702

*!#^ *!#^ *!#^ *!#^ *!#^ - g]kfn ;/sf/ lj=7sx/ d'lvofljg ;d]t g]kfn ;/sf/ lj=7sx/ d'lvofljg ;d]t g]kfn ;/sf/ lj=7sx/ d'lvofljg ;d]t g]kfn ;/sf/ lj=7sx/ d'lvofljg ;d]t g]kfn ;/sf/ lj=7sx/ d'lvofljg ;d]t

x 'G5 . dg;fosf ] lgwf {/0f s;"/x ' G5 . dg;fosf ] lgwf {/0f s;"/x ' G5 . dg;fosf ] lgwf {/0f s;"/x ' G5 . dg;fosf ] lgwf {/0f s;"/x ' G5 . dg;fosf ] lgwf {/0f s;"/jf/bft; +u ;DalGwt sfdjf/bft; +u ;DalGwt sfdjf/bft; +u ;DalGwt sfdjf/bft; +u ;DalGwt sfdjf/bft; +u ;DalGwt sfdsf/jfxLx¿af6 ug'{kg]{ x'G5 . aGb'ssf/jfxLx¿af6 ug'{kg]{ x'G5 . aGb'ssf/jfxLx¿af6 ug'{kg]{ x'G5 . aGb'ssf/jfxLx¿af6 ug'{kg]{ x'G5 . aGb'ssf/jfxLx¿af6 ug'{kg]{ x'G5 . aGb'skmfo/ x'g' g} Hofg dfg]{ dg;fo xf]kmfo/ x'g' g} Hofg dfg]{ dg;fo xf]kmfo/ x'g' g} Hofg dfg]{ dg;fo xf]kmfo/ x'g' g} Hofg dfg]{ dg;fo xf]kmfo/ x'g' g} Hofg dfg]{ dg;fo xf]egL eÌ g;lsg] .egL eÌ g;lsg] .egL eÌ g;lsg] .egL eÌ g;lsg] .egL eÌ g;lsg] .

-k|s/0f g+=$_§ s'g} klg jf/bft s'6kL6leq kg] {s'g} klg jf/bft s'6kL6leq kg] {s'g} klg jf/bft s'6kL6leq kg] {s'g} klg jf/bft s'6kL6leq kg] {s'g} klg jf/bft s'6kL6leq kg] {

jf st{Jo Hofgsf] x'g] eÌ] leÌtfjf st{Jo Hofgsf] x'g] eÌ] leÌtfjf st{Jo Hofgsf] x'g] eÌ] leÌtfjf st{Jo Hofgsf] x'g] eÌ] leÌtfjf st{Jo Hofgsf] x'g] eÌ] leÌtf5'§\ofpg] dfkb08 eg]sf] jf/bftsf]5'§\ofpg] dfkb08 eg]sf] jf/bftsf]5'§\ofpg] dfkb08 eg]sf] jf/bftsf]5'§\ofpg] dfkb08 eg]sf] jf/bftsf]5'§\ofpg] dfkb08 eg]sf] jf/bftsf]k|s[lt Pj+ To;df ;+nUg JolQmx¿sf]k|s[lt Pj+ To;df ;+nUg JolQmx¿sf]k|s[lt Pj+ To;df ;+nUg JolQmx¿sf]k|s[lt Pj+ To;df ;+nUg JolQmx¿sf]k|s[lt Pj+ To;df ;+nUg JolQmx¿sf]dg;fo x'g] .dg;fo x'g] .dg;fo x'g] .dg;fo x'g] .dg;fo x'g] .

-k|s/0f g+=^_

k'g/fj]bs tkm{af6M ljåfg pkGofoflwjQmf >Ls[i0fk|;fb kf}8]n

k|ToyL{ tkm{af6M ljåfg jl/i7 clwjQmf ljZjgfypkfWofo

cjnlDjt ghL/M;Da4 sfg"gM

km};nfGof=tflx/ cnL cG;f/LGof=tflx/ cnL cG;f/LGof=tflx/ cnL cG;f/LGof=tflx/ cnL cG;f/LGof=tflx/ cnL cG;f/LM Gofo k|zf;g

P]g, @)$* sf] bkmf ( adf]lhd k'=j]=c=hgsk'/sf] km};nfpk/ kg{ cfPsf] k|:t'tk'g/fj]bgsf] ;+lIfKt tYo Pj+ 7x/ o; k|sf/ 5M

lhNnf wg 'i f f b 'j/sf ]6 xyn]6jfuf=lj=;=jf=g+= ^ l:yt /fdhtg d'lvofsf]3/sf] blIf0fdf sf]jL v]tLdf 6f6L tf]8kmf]8ePsf] sf]jLsf af]6 lj?jfx¿ 6'qmf6'qmf eO{d8fl/P/ eflrPsf] hldgsf] df6f] lnOPsf],sf]jL v]tL leq s's'/ PsnfO{ uf]nLsf] 5/f{nfuL 3fOt] eO{ d[To' cj:yfdf /x]sf] ;f]d[ts s's'/b]lv c+= !) dL6/ b"/Ldf !@ jf]/6f]6fjfnf uf]nLsf] vfnL vf]sf km]nf k/]sf]eÌ ] ;d ]t Joxf ]/ fsf ] 36gf:yn k |s [ ltd'r'Nsf .

lhNnf wg'iff b'/sf]6 xyn]6jf uf=lj=;=jf= g+= ^ l:yt 36gf:yn glhs pQ/ blIf0fhfg] cfpg] af6f]sf] 5]pdf /x]sf] emf/kftx¿dfly c+u|]hL cIf/ / c+sdf :k]zn od od #)u|fd s] okm !@ n]lvPsf] /ftf] /+udf s8fjfnfsfuhn] lkQn wft' /fvL agfOPsf] 6f]6fjfnfuf]nLsf] vfnL vf]sf a/fdb ePsf] a/fdbLd'r'Nsf .

hfn;fhL ;d]t d'2f k/]sf] l/;OjLnfO{lnP/ efn' ;fx ;d]t hgf !! k|ltjfbLx¿/fdhtg 3/df gePsf] df}sf ldnfO{ oxL@)%^.!).^ ut] laxfg ( ah]sf] ;dodf aGb's,km;f{ / nf7L;d]tn] ;';lHht e} uf]kfn d'lvofsf]cfb]znfO{ dfgL dx]z ;fxn] aGb'sn] ljgf]bs'df/;fxnfO{ 3fOt] agfPsf], /fdb]j ;fxn] aGb'sn]kmfo/ u/L cf]lkGb/ bf;nfO{ 3fOt] agfPsf],j}wgfy d'lvofn] k|xf/ u/]sf] aGb'sn] ;h's'df/L/ /fdaxfb'/ 3fOt] ePsf], lagf]bs'df/nfO{ k'gM7sx/ d'lvof ljgn] uf]nL k||xf/ u/]sf], rGb]Zj/k'lvof / ljgn] k|xf/ u/]sf] aGb'såf/f lk/lyrgd'lvof 3fOt] ePsf], lzjhL d'lvofn] km;f{sf]af}Pnfn d'lvofsf] 6fpsf]df k|xf/ u/L sfl6Psf],;'snfn d08nn] nf7Ln] b'nf/L b]jLnfO{ 3fOt]agfPsf] / /3'gfyn] b'nf/Lb]jLnfO{ nf7L ;d]tn]xfgL 3fOt] agfO{ d/0f;Gg agfPsf]df tTsfn}pkrf/ u/] kZrft Hofg;Dd afFr]sfn] Hofgdfg]{ pBf]udf sf/jfxL ul/kfpmF eÌ] ;d]tJoxf]/fsf] hfx]/L b/vf:t .

@)^%.!).^ ut] ljxfg ( ah]sf] ;dodfh'u]Zj/ ;fx, /fdb]j ;fx rGb]Zj/ d'lvof, j}Bgfyd'lvof, /3'gfy ;fx, ;'snfnf wfg's, dx]z ;fx,uf]kfn d'lvof lzjhL d'lvof / d;d]t !! hgfldnL cf–cfˆgf] 3/df /x]sf] Psglnof s6'jfjfnfaGb's / 6f]6f jfnf !@ af]/ uf]nL lnO{ of]hgfj4tl/sfn] /fdhtg d'lvofsf] 3/ tf]8kmf]8 ug{uO{ 6f6Lx¿ tf]8\g nfUbf hfx]/jfnf ljgf]bs'df/

703703703703703


;fx;d]tsf dflg;x¿ xfdLx¿ ePsf 7fpFdfcfO{ xfdLx¿sf] cfqmd0f /f]s nufPsf] b]vL d}n]xftdf lnPsf] Psglnof s6'jf aGb'såf/f uf]nLkmfo/ ubf{ ;f] uf]nL hfx]/jfnfsf] v'§fdf nfu]sf]n]hfx]/jfnf ljgf]b s/df/ e'FOdf n8]sf] b]vL dnfO{8/ eof] / d 36gf:ynaf6 efu]sf] xf] eÌ] ;d]tJoxf]/fsf] k|= 7Ss/ d'lvofn] clwsf/k|fKtclwsf/L;dIf u/]sf] jofg sfuh .

@)% .̂!).̂ ut] laxfg ( ah]sf] ;dodfefn' ;fxn] d;Fu cfO{ cfh /fdhtg d'lvofsf] 3/tf]8kmf]8 u/L To;nfO{ ufpFaf6 eufO{ To;sf] hUufvfg' kb{5 egL d]/f] 3/df cfO{ cfqmd0f ug{ hfpFmegL d2t dfu]sf] x'Fbf uf]kfn d'lvof, /fdb]j ;fx,/3'gfy ;fx, lzjhL d'lvof, ;'snfn wfg's, o'u]Zj/;fx, j}Bgfy d'lvof, 7sx/ d'lvof, dx]z ;fx ;'8L;d]tsf xfdL !! hgf dflg; eP/ hfpFm egL efn';fxn] eg]sfn] d}n] cfˆg} 3/df /x]sf] Psglnofs6'jf aGb's jf]s]/ uPsf] x'F / d}n] klg xftdflnPsf] aGb'såf/f uf]nL kmfo/ ubf{ kl/lrt d'lvofnfO{uf]nL nfu]sf]n] lk/lyrgsf] v'§fsf] k}tfnfsf] efudfuf]nLsf] 5/f{ nfuL lgh e'O{df n8] / ;f]xL uf]nLn]kl5–kl5 cfO/x]sf] s's'/nfO{ nfUg u} s's'/sf] d[To'eP5 . To;df dnfO{ 8/ eO{ d 36gf :ynaf6efu]sf] xf] eÌ] ;d]t Joxf]/fsf] k+= rGb|]Zj/ d'lvofljgn] clwsf/ k|fKt clwsf/L;dIf u/]sf] sfuh .

@)^%.!).^ ut] laxfg (ah]sf] ;dodfefn' ;fx;d]t !! hgf dflg;x¿ / d eO{/fdhtg d'lvofsf] 3/ tf]8kmf]8 ug{ cfPsf] /lghx¿sf] cfqmd0fdf /f]s nufpbf d;d]tsfdflg;x¿n] yfxf kfO{ e]nf hDdf eO{ cufl8a9\b} hfFbfsf jvtdf hfx]/jfnf ljgf]bs'df/;fx ;d]tsf * hgf dflg;x¿nfO{ Psglnofs6'jf aGb'såf/f uf]nL kmfo/ u/L tyf km;f{,nf7L / xft nfQL;d]t k|xf/ u/L Hofg dfg]{pBf]u u/]sf] d}n] b]v]sf] x' eÌ] ;d]t ;+hos'df/ ;fxn] k|x/Ldf u/]sf] sfuh .

@)^%.!).^ ut] laxfg ( jh]sf] ;dodfefn' ;fx;d]tsf !! hgf dflg;x¿n] PsglnofaGb's, km;f{, nf7L ;d]t lnO{ /fdhtg d'lvofsf]3/ tf]8kmf]8 ug{ cfPsf / 3/sf] 6f6L ;d]ttf]8kmf]8 ubf{ hfx]/jfnf;d]tn] yfxf kfO{ tTsfnpQm cfqmd0f /f]Sg a9\bf lghx¿n] rnfPsf]uf]nL, km;f{, nf7L;d]taf6 hfx]/jfnf ljgf]bs'df/;d]t * hgf dflg;x¿nfO{ uf]nL nfu]sf]n]lghx¿sf] sfo{ Hofg;DaGwL dxnsf] ! g+= /!% g+= sf] s;"/ ck/fw x'Fbf ;f]xL !% g+= adf]lhd;hfo ul/kfpmF eÌ] cleof]u kq .

@)%^.!).^ ut] laxfg & ah] g} l;d/fk6L;;'/fsf] ;fnL ltt/Lb]jLsf] 3/df e]63f6 ug{uPsf] lyP . ToxfFaf6 $ ah]lt/ kmsL{ 3/ cfpFbfk|x/Ln] ks|fp u/]sf x'g\ . d ;d]t e} hfx]/jfnf;d]taf6 km;f{, nf7L tyf uf]nL;d]t k|xf/ u/LHofg dfg]{ pBf]u u/]sf] 5}g eÌ] ;d]t Joxf]/fsf]k|= 7sx/ d'lvof ljgn] cbfntdf u/]sf] jofg .

@)^%.!).^ ut] laxfg d lj/fdL ePsf]n]3/d} lyP . ;f]NkmL d+8n cfO{ ufpFdf k+rfotL 5hfpFm eg]sfn] uPsf] lyPF ToxLaf6 k|x/Ln] ks|fpu/]sf x'g\ . hfx]/jfnf;d]tsf dflg;x¿nfO{ Hofgdfg]{ lgotn] uf]nL, nf7L tyf km;f{ cflb k|of]uu/]sf] 5}g d lgbf]{if 5' eÌ] ;d]t k|= rGb|]Zj/d'lvof ljgn] cbfntdf u/]sf] jofg .

@)%^..!).^ ut] d]/f] ;;'/fnL l;/xfsf]dvgfxf eÌ] 7fpFdf u} P] & ut] 3/df cfPsf]5' . @)%^.!).^ ut] d cfˆgf] ufpF 3/df gePsf]n]ljgf]bs'df/ ;fx;d]tnfO{ Hofg dfg]{ pBf]un]s'6kL6 u/]sf] 5}g . dpk/sf] cleof]u em"7fePsf]n] ;hfo x'g'kg]{ xf]Og eÌ] ;d]t k|= ;'snfnd08nn] cbfntdf u/]sf] jofg .

@)%^.!).^ ut] ufp F 3/df ge}@)%^.!).% ut] g} nfbf] dfdfsf] 3/df u} P] &ut] kmls{cfPsf] 5' . hfx]/jfnfnufot 3fOt]

704704704704704

elgPsf ;+h's'df/L, /fdaxfb'/;d]t s;}nfO{ klgHofg dfg]]{ p2]Zon] aGb's rnfPsf] s'6kL6 u/]sf]cflb s]xL 5}g . cleof]u bfjLcg';f/ ;hfo x'g'kg]{xf]Og eÌ] ;d]t k|= j}Bgfy d'lvofn] cbfntdfu/]sf] jofg .

@)%^.!).^ ut] d ufpF 3/df 5}g@)%^.!).% ut] dx'jf ! df a:g] ;f9' efO{/fdnf]rgsf] 3/df u} P] & ut]dfq 3/df cfPsf]5' . hfx]/jfnf tyf cGo 3fOt] elgPsfjf}Pnfn;d]tsf JolQmx¿nfO{ ;f] lbg d}n] 36gf36fPsf] ;d]t 5}g Hofg dfg]{ p2]Zon] s'6kL6u/]sf] ;d]t 5}g dpk/sf] kf]n ph"/ em'7f ePsf]n]bfjLcg';f/ ;hfo x'g'kg]{ xf]Og eÌ] ;d]tk|=lzjhL d'lvofn] cbfntdf u/]sf] jofg .

@)%^.!).^ ut] laxfg 5f]/fsf ;;'/fnL3/ hb's'jfdf u} P] & ut] gfltsf] pkrf/ u/fpghgsk'/ cfPsf] 5' . @)%^.!).^ ut] d ufpF3/df 5}g . hfx]/jfnf nufotsf 3fOt]nfO{s'6kL6 u/]sf] 5}g d 36gfdf ;fd]n lyOg dnfO{cleof]u bfjLcg';f/ ;hfo x'g' kg]{ xf]Og eÌ];d]t k|= /3'gfy ;fxn] cbfntdf u/]sf] jofg .

@)%^.!).% ut] e}+;L vf]Hg nj6f]nLtkm{uPsf] ;~rf] gePsf]n] P]= ^ ut] nj6f]nL ;jx]=kf]=df pkrf/ u/fO{ P] & ut] ;femdf dfq e}+;LlnO{ 3/ kms]{sf] 5' . jf/bft eg]sf] @)%^.!).ût] d ufpF 3/df gePsf]n] d}n] s;"/ u/]sf]5}g . hfx]/jfnf tyf cGo 3fOt]nfO{ s] s;/L3fp rf]6 ePsf] xf] dnfO{ yfxf 5}g, d pk/sf]kf]n ph"/L em"7f xf] d lgbf]{if ePsf]n] bfjLaf6km';{b kfpmF eÌ] ;d]t k|= o'u]Zj/ ;fx' ;'8Ln]cbfntdf u/]sf] jofg .

@)%^.!).^ ut] hgsk'/ cfO{ P] * ut]d ufpF 3/df uPsf]n] d}n] jrg lbPsf] eÌ]hfx]/L em"7f xf] . d}n] s;"/ u/]sf] 5}g kf]n pk/

em"7f ePsf]n] ;hfo x'g'kg]{ xf]Og eÌ] ;d]t k|=uf]kfn d'lvof ljgn] cbfntdf u/]sf] jofg .

l;/xf ldr}{ofdf lbbL ;Ltfb]jL lj/fdLePsf] eÌ] vj/ cfPsf]n] @)%^.!.% ut] u} P] (ut] dfq 3/df cfPsf] 5' . @)%^.!).^ ut] dufpF 3/df gePsf]n] gePsf]n] hfx]/L cg';f/sf]s'g} sfo{ u/]sf] 5}g . hfx]/jfnf tyf cGo3fOt]nfO{ s;/L rf]6 nfUof] dnfO{ yfxf 5}g . dlgbf]{if ePsf]n] bfjLaf6 km';{b kfpmF eÌ] ;d]t k|=/fdb]j ;fxn] cbfntdf u/]sf] jofg .

k|= dx]z ;fx ;'8L / k|= efn' ;fx t]nLsfgfpdf ldlt @)%&.@.!) df tfd]n ePsf] Dofbdflghx¿ xflh/ ge} u'hf/L a;]sf .

k|ltjfbLx¿sf] jofg lhsL/nfO{ ;dy{ghgfpFb} k|= x¿sf] ;fIfL ;'/]Gb| ;fx, /fdbofn;fx, lsl;g ;fx, ;xb]j ;fx d08n, /fdnf]rgd'lvof, plrt d'lvof, e/t d08n, bxfp sjf/L,j]rg d'lvof, /fhklt d'lvof, gy'gL d'lvof,/fd:jfy{ d'lvof, ljhos'df/ klhof/, dgf]x/ofbj, pdfsfGt emf, hd'gf d'lvof ;d]tn] u/]sf]jskq ldl;n ;fd]n /x]sf] .

k|= dx]z ;fx / efn' ;fxsf] @)%*!.@@ut] 8f]/af6 c+z /f]Ssfsf] d'r'Nsf e} ldl;n;fd]n /x]sf] .

j:t'l:ylt d'r'Nsfsf dflg; hubLz;fkmL, k|sfz d'lvof, / hfx]/jfnf ljgf]bs'df/;fx;d]tn] cbfntdf pkl:yt e} u/]sf jskqldl;n ;fd]n /x]sf] .

k|= efn' ;fx t]nL / dx]z ;fx ;'8Lsf]xsdf c=j+= !() g+= adf]lhd d'ntjL /fvL lbg]7x5{ . k|= 7sx/ d'lvof ljgnfO{ d'=P]= Hofg;DaGwLdxnsf] !% g+= adf]lhd thjLh u/L & jif{s}bsf] ;hfo x'g] 7x5{ . k|= rGb]Zj/ d'lvofljgnfO{ d'= P]= Hofg;DaGwL dxnsf] !% g+=


705705705705705


adf]lhd thjLhL % jif{ s}b ;hfo x'g] 7x5{ .k|= uf]kfn d'lvof ljg, k|= o'u]Zj/ ;fx t]nL,/fdb]j ;fx t]nL, k|= j}Bgfy d'lvof ljg, k|=lzjhL d'lvof ljg, k|= ;'snfn d08n wfg's /k|= /3'gfy ;fx t]nLn] cf/f]lkt s;"/ bfjLaf6;kmfO kfpg] 7x5{ eÌ] Joxf]/fsf] ;d]t z'? wg'ifflhNnf cbfntsf] km};nf .

d k'g/fj]bs 7sx/ d'lvof ljgn] Hofgdfg]{ pBf]u u/]sf] egL 7x/ ub}{ dnfO{ ;ft jif{s}b ug'{ laNs'n} cGofok"0f{ / cfTdlgi7 OG;fkmu/]sf]n] o:tf] clgoldt tyf u}/sfg"gL km};nfab/ jfltn u/L jfbL bfjLaf6 ;kmfO{ kfpmF eÌ];d]tsf] 7sx/ d'lvof ljgsf] k'g/fj]bg kq .

ls6fgL hfx]/L b/vf:t j/fdbL d'r'Nsf,clwsf/k|fKt clwsf/L;dIfsf] ;fljtL jofg 3fhfFr s]z kmf/d, df}sfdf a'lemPsf dflg;x¿sf]sfuh / cbfntdf u/]sf] ls6fgL jskq;d]taf6 ;Dk"0f{ k|ltjfbLx¿sf] ;+nUgtf /x]sf]b]lvFbf b]lvb} 7sx/ / rGb]Zj/ d'lvof ljg afx]sc? k|ltjfbLx¿nfO{ ;kmfO{ lbg] u/L ul/Psf] z'?km};nf ;f] xb;Dd gldn]sf] x'Fbf z'? cleof]ubfjLadf]lhd ;hfo kfpmF eÌ] Joxf]/f ;d]tsf]>L % sf] ;/sf/sf] k'g/fj]bg kq .

o;df kLl8tsf] ls6fgL hfx]/L b/vf:t /;f]xLadf]lhd cbfntdf ePsf] jskq ;x cleo'Qmsf]kf]n;d]tsf]] cfwf/ k|df0faf6 k|= /fdb]j ;fx t]nL;d]tcf/f]lkt s;"/af6 ;kmfO kfpg] 7x/L ePsf] z'?sf]km};nf ljrf/0fLo x'Fbf c=j+= @)@ g+= adf]lhd k|ToyL{lemsfO{ 7sx/ d'lvof ljgsf] k'g/fj]bgsf] k|ltlnlk;fy} /fvL k'g/fj]bg ;/sf/L jsLn sfof{nonfO{;"rgf lbO{ k]z ug'{ eÌ] Joxf]/fsf] k'g/fj]bg cbfnthgsk'/sf] cfb]z .

s'6kL6sf ( g+= n] klg aGb's kmfo/u/L k/]sf] rf]6sf ;DaGwdf s'6kL6s} dxn

cGtu{t ;hfosf] :ki6 Joj:yf ePsf] 5 . olbHofg dfg]{ pBf]u g} k|ltjfbLn] u/]sf] eP t];|f]dfG5]sf] x:tIf]kaf6 lghx¿ efu]sf] x'g'kg]{dfcfkm" k|ltjfbLx¿ efu]sf] s'/f :jo+ JoQm u/]sf5g\ / :jo+ jfbLsf ;fIfLn] k|ltjfbLx¿ efuLuPsf ] s '/ f eg ]sf ]a f6 k | :t 't jf/bftHofg;DaGwLsf] !% g+= / ;Ddflgt ;jf]{Rrcbfntaf6 k|ltkflbt l;4fGtaf6 Hofg dfg]{pBf]usf] kl/efiffleq kg]{ cj:yf b]lvPg . b'O{y/LaLrdf 6f6L;DaGwL emu8faf6 cfk;df ePsf]s'7kL6sf] jf/bftdf hfx]/jfnf klg Ps kIfsf]d2tuf/ ePsf] sf/0faf6 lghnfO{ aGb'ssf] 5/f{nfUg uPsf] ;Dd cj:yf b]lvPsfn] jf/bftsf]?kaf6 k|:t't d'2f Hofg;DaGwL dxn !% g+=cGtu{tsf] jf/bft ge} s'6kL6sf] dxnsf]cGtu{tsf] jf/bft b]lvg cfPsfn] lhNnf cbfntn]Hofg dfg]{ pBf]utkm{ 7x/ u/]sf] OG;fkm ldn]sf]b]lvPg . k|:t't d'2f s'6kL6sf] dxncGtu{tsfo{jfxL ug'{kg]{ d'2f ePsf]n] ;/sf/L d'2f ;DaGwLP]g @)$( sf] bkmf @& n] Joj:yf u/]d'tfljsk|:t't d'2fnfO{ ;/sf/jfbL d'2faf6 b'lgofjfbLd'2fdf kl/0ft ul/lbPsf] 5 eÌ] k'g/fj]bg cbfnthgsk'/sf] ldlt @)^).@.@! sf] km};nf .

aGb's h:tf] hf]lvdL xltof/ k|of]uul/Psf] jf/bftnfO{ s'6kL6df kl/0ft ug]{ u/LePsf] km};nf ldn]sf] 5}g . aGb's k||xf/ ug'{n]g } Hofg dfg ] { dg;fo k |dfl0ft ub {5 .k|ltjfbLx¿n] aGb's k|xf/ ubf{ Hofg arfpg5lnPsf] cj:yfdf v'§fdf uf]nL nfUg' g}k|ltjfbLsf] jrfpsf] cfwf/ x'g g;Sg] x'Fbfk'g/fj]bg cbfnt hgsk'/sf] km};nf ab/ u/Lz'? cleof]u dfubfjLadf]lhd xf];\ eÌ] ;d]tJoxf]/fsf] jfbL g]kfn ;/sf/sf] tkm{af6 o;cbfntdf kg{ cfPsf] k'g/fj]bg kq .

706706706706706

lgodfg';f/ k]z x'g cfPsf] k|:t't d'2fdfk'g/fj]bs jfbLsf] tkm{af6 ljåfg pkGofoflwjQmf>L s[i0fk|;fb kf}8]n / k|ToyL{ k|ltjfbLx¿sf]tkm{af6 ljåfg jl/i7 clwjQmf ljZjgfypkfWofon] ax; k|:t't ug'{eof] .

jfbL g]kfn ;/sf/sf] tkm{af6 pkl:ytljåfg pkGofoflwjQmfn] aGb's h:tf] 3ftsxltof/ k|of]u u/L 3fOt] kfl/Psf] 5 . aGb'srnfpg] sfo{n] g} s;"/ k|dfl0ft ub{5 .cg';Gwfgsf] qmddf k|ltjfbLx¿n] s;"/ :jLsf/u/L jofg u/]sf] cj:yf 5 . aGb'saf6 uf]nLxfg]kl5 dflg; dg{ ;S5 eÌ] s'/fsf] :jtMk"jf{g'dfg ug'{kg]{ x'G5 . o; cj:yfdf s'6kL6sf]jf/bftdf kl/0ft ug]{ u/L ePsf] km};nf q'l6k"0f{x'Fbf ab/ u/L cleof]u dfu bfjLadf]lhd xf];\eÌ] ;d]t ax; ug'{eof] .

To;}u/L k|ToyL{tkm{af6 pkl:yt ljåfgclwjQmfn] dfG5] dg]{ u/L aGb's xfg]sf] eÌ]k|dfl0ft 5}g . o;df Hofg dfg]{ dg;fo tTj 5eÌ] s'/f :yflkt 5}g . aGb's xfg]sf] eP klguf]nL xfgL dflg; dfg'{ kg]{df 5/f{sf] dfq k|of]uePsf] v'§fdf dfq rf]6 nfu]af6 Hofg dfg]{ dg;folyPg eÌ] k|dfl0ft x'G5 . slyt jf/bft Hofgdfg]{ pBf]usf] gePsf] x'Fbf k'g/fj]bg cbfntsf]km};nf kl/jlt{t ug'{kg]{ cj:yf gx'Fbf ;b/ xf];eÌ] ;d]t ax; ug'{eof] .

pko'{Qm adf]lhdsf] ax; tyf k'g/fj]bg;lxtsf] ldl;n cWoog u/L o;df k'g/fj]bgcbfnt hgsk'/sf] ldlt @)^).@.@! sf] km};nfldn] gldn]sf] s] /x]5 lg0f{o lbg'kg]{ b]lvof] .

@= o;df ldl;n cWoog ubf{k|ltjfbLdWo]sf efn' ;fxsf] /fd htg d'lvof;FuhUufsf] ljjfbsf] l/;OjL ;fWg] dg;fon] 3ftsxltof/ lnO{ cfqmd0f u/L k|ltjfbLx¿n]

hfx]/jfnf;d]tnfO{ 3fOt] kf/]sf] / tTsfn} c?ufpn]x¿ cfPaf6 pgLx¿ efu]sf kLl8tnfO{tTsfn pkrf/ u/fPaf6 Hofg dg{ gkfPsf] x'Fbfk|ltjfbLx¿nfO{ d'n'sL P]g Hofg;DaGwL dxnsf]! g+=, !% g+= sf] s;"/df P]= !% g+= adf]lhd;hfo xf];\ egL cleof]u kq bfo/ ePsf]dfk|ltjfbL 7sx/ d'lvof ljg / rGb|]Zj/ d'lvofljgn] cf/f]lkt s;"/ u/]sf], k|ltjfbL dx]z zfx,efn' zfxsf] xsdf d'NtjL /fv]sf] / cGok|ltjfbLx¿nfO{ ;kmfO lbg] 7x¥ofPsf] z'?sf]km};nf pN6L u/L jf/bft ;/sf/ jfbL d'2fleqsf]gk/]sf]n] ;/sf/L d'2f ;DaGwL P]g, @)$( sf]bkmf @& cg';f/ b'lgof jfbLdf kl/0ft ug]{ u/Lk'g/fj]bg cbfntaf6 ePsf] km};nfpk/ jfbLg]kfn ;/sf/sf] tkm{af6 k'g/fj]bg k/L o;cbfntaf6 k|ToyL{x¿nfO{ lemsfpg] cfb]z eO{lg0f{ofy{ k]z ePsf] /x]5 .

#= o;df kLl8tx¿sf] s]z kmf/fdx]bf{ z/L/sf] ljleÌ efux¿df rf]6x¿ /x]sf]af6b'O{ kIfaLr jf/bft ePsf] tYodf s'g} ljjfbg/x] klg pQm jf/bft Hofg dfg]{ pBf]usf] xf]xf]Og eÌ] ;DaGwdf ljZn]if0f ug'{kg]{ b]lvof] .

$= kLl8tx¿sf] s]z kmf/d cWoogubf{ 6fpsf], 3fF6L, 5ftL, k]6 h:tf z/L/sf] dd{:yfgdf rf]6 k/]sf] eÌ] b]lvFb}g . aGb'saf6 uf]nLxflgPsf] eP klg Hofg dfg]{ p2]Zoaf6 6fpsf]jf 3fF6Ldf tfs]/ xfg]sf] eÌ] gb]lvO{ xjfO{ kmfo/dfq ul/Psf] eÌ] b]lvG5 . kLl8tnfO{ ;fdfGo5/f{dfq nfu]sf] cj:yf b]lvG5 . kLl8tdWo] s;}sf]3'F8fd'lg dfq ;fdfGo 3fp nfu]sf] cj:yf 5 .st{Jo u/L Hofg df/]sf] jf dfg{df pBf]u u/]sf]eÌ] s;"/df dg;fo tTj k|d'v /xG5 .dg;foj]u/ s;}n] s;}sf] xTof ub}{g To;sf/0fdg;fo kQf nufpg' cfjZos x'G5 . dg;fosf]


707707707707707


lgwf{/0f s;"/ jf/bft;Fu ;DalGwt sfdsf/jfxLx¿af6 ug'{kg]{ x'G5 . aGb's kmfo/ x'g'g} Hofg dfg]{ dg;fo xf] egL eÌ ;lsg] x'Fb}g .

%= k|:t't jf/bft 6f6L pv]NgnfluPsf] eÌ] ljifoaf6 pAh]sf] jfbljjfb a9\b}uO{ 36]sf] b]lvG5 . ;f] 36gf b]Vg] /fdz/0fljgn] jskq ubf{ % ldg]6;Dd df/kL6sf] jf/bftePsf] eÌ] pNn]v u/]af6 o;df b'O{ kIfsf aLrdfhUuf hldgsf] ljifonfO{ lnP/ bf]xf]/f] s'6kL6ePsf] cj:yf b]lvg cfpF5 .

^= hf]lvdL xltof/ k|of]u ePsf]jf/bft eP klg To:tf ;a} jf/bft Hofgsf] eÌ]x'b}g . d'n'sL P]g s'6kL6sf] dxndf klg Hofgdg{ ;Sg] hf]lvdL xltof/ k|of]u ul/Psf] cj:yfdfs'6kL6sf] jf/bft x'g] u/L ljleÌ gDa/x¿dfJoj:yf ul/Psf] kfOG5 . s'6kL6sf] ( g+= dfaGb'ssf] k|of]u ePsf] cj:yfdf klg s'6kL6sf]jf/bftdf ;hfo ug{ ;lsg] u/L Joj:yf ePsf];d]t kfOG5 . s'g} klg jf/bft s'6kL6leq kg]{jf st{Jo Hofgsf] x'g] eÌ] leÌtf 5'§\ofpg]dfkb08 eg]sf] jf/bftsf] k|s[lt Pj+ To;df ;+nUgJolQmx¿sf] dg;fo g} xf] . k|:t't d'2fsf] ;du|ljZn]if0f ubf{ Hofg lng] p2]Zoaf6 kLl8tx¿dfly cfqmd0f ul/Psf] eÌ] s'/fsf] k'li6 x'g ;s]sf]b]lvPg . To;sf/0f To:tf] jf/bftsf] ;DaGwdfHofg;DaGwLsf] dxn geO{ d'n'sL P]g s'6kL6sf]dxn cfslif{t x'g] cj:yf b]lvg cfpF5 .

&= s'6kL6sf] dxncGtu{t ;hfox'g] ck/fwdf c+ue+usf] cj:yfafx]s c?cj:yfdf b'lgof jfbL e} d'2fsf] sf/jfxL rnfpg'kg}{ x'G5 . c+ue+usf] jf/bft ;/sf/ jfbL e}rNg] ePaf6 k|:t't jf/bft c+ue+usf] cj:yf 5ls eg]/ kLl8tx¿sf] 3f hfFr kmf/fd x]bf{ ;f]cj:yf klg b]lvPg .

*= ctM b'lgofjfbL e} s'6kL6sf]dxncGtu{t sf/jfxL ug'{kg]{ jf/bftsf] d'2fb]lvPsf]n] ;/sf/L d'2f;DaGwL P]g, @)$( sf]bkmf @& adf]lhd b'lgofjfbLdf kl/0ft x'g ;Sg]xF'bf ;f]adf]lhd d'2fsf] sf/jfxL / lsgf/f x'gb'lgofjfbL d'2fdf kl/0ft ug{] u/L ePsf] k'g/fj]bgcbfnt hgsk''/sf] km};nf ldn]s} b]lvFbf ;b/x'g] 7x5{ . jfbL g]kfn ;/sf/sf] k'g/fj]bg lhsL/k'Ug ;Sb}g . km};nfsf] k|ltlnlk dxfGofoflwjQmfsf]sfof{nonfO{ lbO{ bfo/Lsf] nut s§f u/L ldl;nlgodfg';f/ a'emfO{ lbg" .

Gof=;'zLnf sfsL{

Olt ;+jt\ @)^% ;fn r}t !& ut] /f]h @ df z'ed\\ .Ohnf; clws[t M /fh]Gb|s'df/ cfrfo{

lg0f{o g+= *!#& ;fpg, @)^^

;jf]{Rr cbfnt, Ps GofofwLzsf] Ohnf;dfggLo GofofwLz >L dLgaxfb'/ /fodfemL;Dat @)^% ;fnsf] l/6=g+= WO==)^!#

cfb]z ldltM @)^%.!@.@$.@ljifoM pTk|]if0fo'Qm k/dfb]z .

lgj]bsM lhNnf emfkf u/fd'gL uf=lj=; j8f g+= ^3/ e} xfn kb\dsGof SofDk; jfuahf/dflj=lj=P;= k|yd jif{df cWog/t /xL:jtGq ljBfyL{ o'lgogsf] r'gfjdf clvn-qmflGtsf/L_, cg]/f :jljo' -Plss[t_ sf];+o'Qm Kofgnsf] tkm{af6 ;efklt kbsf]pDd]bjf/ d]g'sf a/fn

lj?4

708708708708708

ljkIfLM :jtGq ljBfyL{ o'lgog lgjf{rg kl/rfng;ldltsf ;+of]hs tyf lqe'jg ljZjljBfnosLlt{k'/ sf7df8f}+sf lzIffWoIf k|f=;"o{nfncdfTo ;d]t

§ lgj ]bsn ] lgj ]bgdf lgjf {rgdflgj ]bsn ] lgj ]bgdf lgjf {rgdflgj ]bsn ] lgj ]bgdf lgjf {rgdflgj ]bsn ] lgj ]bgdf lgjf {rgdflgj ]bsn ] lgj ]bgdf lgjf {rgdfpNn]v ePsf Joxf ]/f lgj ]bssf ]pNn]v ePsf Joxf ]/f lgj ]bssf ]pNn]v ePsf Joxf ]/f lgj ]bssf ]pNn]v ePsf Joxf ]/f lgj ]bssf ]pNn]v ePsf Joxf ]/f lgj ]bssf ]egfO{ l;jfo cGo s'/faf6 k'li6egfO{ l;jfo cGo s'/faf6 k'li6egfO{ l;jfo cGo s'/faf6 k'li6egfO{ l;jfo cGo s'/faf6 k'li6egfO{ l;jfo cGo s'/faf6 k'li6x'g ;s]sf] cj:yf 5}g . lgj]bsn]x'g ;s]sf] cj:yf 5}g . lgj]bsn]x'g ;s]sf] cj:yf 5}g . lgj]bsn]x'g ;s]sf] cj:yf 5}g . lgj]bsn]x'g ;s]sf] cj:yf 5}g . lgj]bsn]pNn]v ug'{ ePsf] lgod #%@ sf]pNn]v ug'{ ePsf] lgod #%@ sf]pNn]v ug'{ ePsf] lgod #%@ sf]pNn]v ug'{ ePsf] lgod #%@ sf]pNn]v ug'{ ePsf] lgod #%@ sf]sfg"gL Joj:yf ljk/LTf s] s:tf]sfg"gL Joj:yf ljk/LTf s] s:tf]sfg"gL Joj:yf ljk/LTf s] s:tf]sfg"gL Joj:yf ljk/LTf s] s:tf]sfg"gL Joj:yf ljk/LTf s] s:tf]sf/0 f lgjf {rg ePsf ] lgj ]bssf/0 f lgjf {rg ePsf ] lgj ]bssf/0 f lgjf {rg ePsf ] lgj ]bssf/0 f lgjf {rg ePsf ] lgj ]bssf/0 f lgjf {rg ePsf ] lgj ]bs:jodn] eGg g;s]sf ] ;d]taf6:jodn] eGg g;s]sf ] ;d]taf6:jodn] eGg g;s]sf ] ;d]taf6:jodn] eGg g;s]sf ] ;d]taf6:jodn] eGg g;s]sf ] ;d]taf6k |yd b [ l i6af6 g } lgj ]bssf ]k |yd b [ l i6af6 g } lgj ]bssf ]k |yd b [ l i6af6 g } lgj ]bssf ]k |yd b [ l i6af6 g } lgj ]bssf ]k |yd b [ l i6af6 g } lgj ]bssf ]dfuadf]lhd cfb]z hf/L x'g;Sg]dfuadf]lhd cfb]z hf/L x'g;Sg]dfuadf]lhd cfb]z hf/L x'g;Sg]dfuadf]lhd cfb]z hf/L x'g;Sg]dfuadf]lhd cfb]z hf/L x'g;Sg]kof{Kt cfwf/ sf/0f gb]lvFbf lnlvtkof{Kt cfwf/ sf/0f gb]lvFbf lnlvtkof{Kt cfwf/ sf/0f gb]lvFbf lnlvtkof{Kt cfwf/ sf/0f gb]lvFbf lnlvtkof{Kt cfwf/ sf/0f gb]lvFbf lnlvthjfkm dfuL /xg' gkg]{ .hjfkm dfuL /xg' gkg]{ .hjfkm dfuL /xg' gkg]{ .hjfkm dfuL /xg' gkg]{ .hjfkm dfuL /xg' gkg]{ .

-k|s/0f g+= #_

lgj]bs tkm{af6Mljåfg clwjQmf >L ;f]dgfy;fksf]6f

ljkIfL tkm{af6McjnlDjt ghL/M;Da4 sfg"gM§ lqe'jg ljZjljBfno ;+u7g tyf z}lIfs

k|zf;g;DaGwL lgodfjnL, @)%) sf] kl/R5]b\*# lgod #%@ / #%@-s_-v_-u_-3_

cfb]zg]kfnsf] cGtl/d ;+ljwfg @)^# sf] wf/f

#@ cGtu{t wf/f !)&-@_ adf]lhd kg{ cfPsf]k|:t't l/6 lgj]bg o;} cbfntsf] clwsf/ If]qleqkg]{ x'Fbf lgj]bgsf] ;+lIfKt tYo Pj+ cfb]z o;k|sf/ 5M–

lgj]bs @)^%.!@.^ ut] tf]lsPsf] :jtGqljBfyL{ o'lgogsf] lgjf{rgdf kb\dsGof SofDk;dfclvn qmflGtsf/L, cg]/f:jljo', cg]/f:jljo' -Plss[t_ sf] tkm{af6 ;+o'Qm Kofgn agfO{ ;efkltkbsf] pDd]bjf/ lyP+ . lgjf{rg wfFwnL;lxtsf]x'g] lqmofsnfk ljkIfLn] b]vfPsf]n] xfd|f] Kofgnsf]cfjfhdf clglZrtsfnLg ;dosf] nflu lgjf{rg:ylut eof] . wfwnL/lxt 9+uaf6 lgjf{rg ug]{jftfj/0f ePkl5 lgjf{rg ug]{, ;f] ;DaGwdfljBfyL{ ;+u7gx¿, lgjf{rg ;ldlt;d]tsf]5nkmn ePsf] / kl5 ldlt tf]Sg] s'/f to ePsf]df@)^%.!@.!@ df SofDk; k|d'vn] j}7s jf]nfP .;j}sf] ;xdltaf6 lgjf{rg ldlt to ug]{ elgPtfklg @)^%.!@.!$ df SofDk; k|d'vn] lgjf{rg;+of]hs x]drGb| g]kfnnfO{ kq n]vL lq=lj=lj=s]Gb|Lo sfof{nosf] @)^%.!@.( sf] lg0f{ocg';f/:ylut lgjf{rg @)^%.!@.!& df ;DkGg ug'{eGg] kq hjh{:t ¿kdf k7fOof] . ;j}sf];xdltdf lgjf{rg to ug]{ eGg] 1fkgkq lbO{cfZjf;g;d]t kfPsf]df PsfPs PskIfLo ¿kdflgjf{rg ldlt to u/L d P+j d]/f] KofgnnfO{lgjf{rgdf efu} lng g;Sg] jftfj/0f jgfOof] .xfd|f] kIfsfnfO{ s'6\g] lk6\g], jflx/af6 dflg;Nofpg], gSsnL kl/rokq ljt/0f ug]{, l6k]S;k|of]u u/L dtkqd} wfFwnL u/L lgjf{rg ul/of] .lgjf{rg clws[tsf ;lx5fk gePsf dtkq;d]tk|of]u u/L Psnf}6L ¿kdf lg0f{o kl/0ffd 3f]if0fful/of] . cfdlg0f{osf] dfGotf ljk/Lt /x]sf]lgjf{rg, To;sf] kl/0ffd Pj+ ljkIfLsf] sfo{cGtl/d ;+ljwfg, @)^# sf] wf/f !@, !#-!_-@_-#_lq=lj= ;+u7g tyf z}lIfs k|zf;g lgodfjnL,@)%) sf] kl/R5]b *# lgod #%@ ;d]tsf] q'l6k"0f{x'Fbf pQm u}/sfg"gL lgjf{rg ab/ u/L k'gM csf]{

*!#& *!#& *!#& *!#& *!#& - clvn clvn clvn clvn clvn -qmflGtsf/L_ cg]/f :jljo' cg]/f :jljo' cg]/f :jljo' cg]/f :jljo' cg]/f :jljo' -Plss[t_ ;+o'Qm Kofgn lj=lq=lj=lj sLlt{k'/ ;d]t ;+o'Qm Kofgn lj=lq=lj=lj sLlt{k'/ ;d]t ;+o'Qm Kofgn lj=lq=lj=lj sLlt{k'/ ;d]t ;+o'Qm Kofgn lj=lq=lj=lj sLlt{k'/ ;d]t ;+o'Qm Kofgn lj=lq=lj=lj sLlt{k'/ ;d]t

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lgjf {rg ug ' { eGg ] ljkIf Lsf gfddfpTk| ]if0fnufotsf k/dfb]zsf] cfb]z hf/Lul/kfpmF . lgj]bgsf] clGtd 6'+uf] gnfu];Ddu}/sfg"gL ¿kdf lgjf{lrt 3f]lift ul/Psfkbflwsf/LnfO{ :Jfljo"df sfo{ cf/De gug'{gu/fpg' egL cGtl/d cfb]z ;d]t hf/L ul/kfpmFeGg] lgj]bg .

lgodadf]lhd b}lgs d'2f k]zL ;"rLdfr9L lg0f{ofy{ Ohnf;;dIf k]z x'g cfPsf] k|:t'tl/6 lgj]bgdf lgj]bstkm{af6 pkl:Yft ljåfgclwjQmf >L ;f]dgfy ;fksf]6fn] lgj]bs;d]tsf ljBfyL{ ;+u7g Pj+ ljkIfL SofDk;k|zf;gaLr ;xdlt eO{ /f]lsPsf] lgjf{rg ;j}sf];xdltdf ldlt tf]sL lgjf{rg ul/g] eGg] ;xdltePsf]df PskIfLo ¿kdf SofDk;sf] 5fk}gnfu]sf] Kof8df lgjf{rg ;ldltsf ;+of]hsnfO{ldn]dtf]df /fvL lgjf{rg ldlt sfod ul/g' g}q'l6k"0f{ 5 . dtkq lgjf{rg clws[tsf ;xLj]u/sf 5g\ . qmflGtsf/L ljBfyL{nfO{ lgjf{rgdfjl~rt u/fpg] Wo]oaf6 df/kL6 ePsf] 5 .kqklqsfn] ;f] s'/f n]v]sf 5g .\ o:tf] cj:yfdfPskIfLo ¿kdf lgjf{rg kl/0ffd 3f]if0ff ul/Psf]5 . To:tf] lgjf{rgn] dfGotf k|fKt ug{ g;Sg]x'Fbf ab/ x'g' kb{5 eGg] ;d]tsf] ax; k|:t'tug'{eof] .

pk/f]Qmadf]lhd ljåfg clwjQmfsf] ax;;d]t ;'gL ldl;n cWoog u/L lgj]bssf]dfuadf]lhdsf] cfb]z hf/L x'g] xf] xf]Og egLlg0f{o lbg'kg]{ x'g cfof] .

@= lg0f{otkm{ ljrf/ ubf{ lgj]bs@)^%.!@.^ df x'g] elgPsf] :jtGq ljBfyL{o'lgogsf] r'gfjdf clvn qmflGtsf/Lsf] tkm{af6;efkltsf] pDd]b\jf/ /x]sf]df lgj]bs;d]tsf]KofgnnfO{ x/fpg ljkIfLaf6 s'6\g] lk6\g] wDsfpg]

sfo{ ePsf] x'Fbf xfd|f] 1fkg kq ;d]tsf] sf/0faf6lgjf{rg :ylut ePsf] lyof] . ;j} ljBfyL{sf];xdltdf lgjf{rg ldlt to ul/g] ;xdlt ePsf]df;f] ljk/Lt @)^%.!@.!& df lgjf{rg ldlt tf]sLwfFwnL u/L xfdLnfO{ lgjf{rgdf jl~rt u/LPsnf}6L lgjf{rg kl/0ffd 3f]if0ff ul/Psf] ljkIfLsf]sfo{ u}/sfg"gL x'Fbf ;f] lgjf{rg kl/0ffd g} ab/x'g kb{5 eGg] lgj]bg /x]sf] kfOof] .

#= o;df :jtGq ljBfyL{ o'lgogsf]lgjf{rg ;DaGwdf lgj]bsn] lqe'jg ljZjljBfno;+u7g tyf z}lIfs k|zf;g ;DaGwL lgodfjnL,@)%) sf] kl/R5]b\ *# lgod #%@ afx]s cGosfg"g b]vfpg ;s]sf] 5}g . lgod #%@ -s_ n]o'lgog lgjf{rgsf nflu SofDk; k|d'vn] !lgjf{rg clws[t / ;xof]uLx¿ cfjZostfcg';f/tf]Sg], -v_ n] lgjf{rg clws[tn] lgjf{rg;DaGwLsfo{ljlw th{'df u/L lgjf{rg u/fpg], -u_ n] dta/fa/ ePdf lgjf{rg clws[tn] uf]nfk|Yffåf/flg0f{o ug]{ / -3_ n] lgjf{rgdf ljBfyL{x¿n] cfkm\gf];+u7g jf :jtGq jf JolQmut ¿kdf pDd]b\jf/Llbg ;Sg] Joj:yf;Dd u/]sf] b]lvG5 . lgj]bsn]lgj]bgdf lgjf{rgdf pNn]v ePsf Joxf]/flgj]bssf] egfO{ l;jfo cGo s'/faf6 k'li6 x'g;s]sf] cj:yf 5}g . lgj]bsn] pNn]v ug'{ ePsf]lgod #%@ sf] sfg"gL Joj:yf ljk/LTf s] s:tf]sf/0f lgjf{rg ePsf] lgj]bs :jod\n] eGgg;s]sf] ;d]taf6 k|yd b[li6af6 g} lgj]bssf]dfuadf]lhd cfb]z hf/L x'g;Sg] kof{Kt cfwf/sf/0f gb]lvFbf lnlvt hjfkm dflu/xg' kg]{ cj:yfb]lvg cfPg . k|:t't lgj]bg vf/]h x'g] 7x5{ .ldl;n lgodadf]lhd a'emfO{ lbg" .

Olt ;+jt\ @)^% r}t @$ ut] /f]h @ z'ed\\ ====Ohnf; clws[tM sljk|;fb Gof}kfg]

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kanun patrika-Sawon 2066 - Supreme Court of Nepalo g+= *!!& ;fpg, @)^^ –)))^ _ jf