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MAKERERE UNIVERSITY

COLLENGE OF ENGINEERING, DESIGN, ART AND TECHNOLOGY

DEPARTMENT OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERINGSECOND YEAR INDUSTRIAL TRAINING REPORT

COMPILED BY: KALYESUBULA KHALIDREGISTRATION NUMBER: 09/U/529

STUDENTS NUMBER: 209001373COURSE: BSC.MECHANICAL ENGINEERING

UNIVERSITY SUPERVISOR: MR.FRANCIS TURANAMO (MUK)TRAINING OFFICERS: ENG JEREMIAH KASIRYE, ENG. TONNY LULE AND

ENG. RONALD ONZIAORGANISATION: WARID TELECOM UGANDA ENGINEERING DEPARTEMENT

PERIOD OF TRAINING: JUNE- AUGUST 2011

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DEDICATION

To my dearest Father Hajji Engineer Ahmed Sentumbwe, Mother Mrs. Christine Kobusigye, Mrs. Sarah Nakirya, Brothers and Sisters. Whose love, care, support and guidance has made me what I am today.

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ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS

I am deeply indebted to my training officers, Eng.Tonny Lule (Assistant Manager NOC), Eng. Jeremiah Kasirye (Asst. Manager-M&E Planning & Rollout ), Eng. Ronald Onzia (Head of Power), Eng. Ivan Kwehangana (SNR Executive Human Resource) and the entire engineering team of WTU without whose professional assistance throughout the training period, completion of my industrial training would have been impossible. Their outstanding advice turned this training period culminating in a report, which I believe is worth their efforts. I am sincerely very grateful for the moral support, assistance and encouragement provided by my family especially my Father and friends.

I further extend my sincere gratitude to the entire management of WTU and in particular to the human resource department for giving me the opportunity to train with the Company.

I am also grateful to my colleagues and fellow trainees Susan Babirye, Sula Ssebadduka, Simon Peter Nsozi, Hanna Namuyiba, Kenneth Waiswa, Richard Wayi and Joan who turned out to be of great help in times of need, they were very co-operative throughout the training period.

Last but not least, special thanks also go to the academic staff and administrators of Faculty of Technology, Makerere University who enabled me to produce this work, particularly extended to my supervisor Mr. Francis Turanamo for his support and dedication in guiding me to complete this report.

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DECLARATION

I KHALID KALYESUBULA do declare that this work is original from Warid Telecom Uganda and it has never been presented in any institution of higher learning for the award of any degree unless otherwise where the respective authors have been acknowledged.

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APPROVAL

This work has been submitted with the approval of;

KHALID KALYESUBULA

MANAGING TRAINEE

09/U/529

Signature…………………………………... Date…………………………………..

ENG. RONALD ONZIA

ENGINEERING DEPARTMENT

HEAD OF POWER

WARID TELECOM

Signature…………………………. Date……………………………

ENG. JEREMIAH KASIRYE

ENGINEERING DEPARTMENT

M&E Planning & Rollout

WARID TELECOM

Signature…………………………. . . . Date……………………………

MR. FRANCIS TURANAMO

FACULTY SUPERVISOR

MAKERERE UNIVERSITY

Signature………………………… Date…………………………….

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ABSTRACT

Industrial training constitutes one of the core requirements for graduation in the Mechanical Engineering program. This report constitutes the theoretical and practical work covered during the industrial training period while at Warid Telecom Uganda (WTU).

Chapter one: Covers a brief description of the company, Warid Telecom Uganda, its products and services, the functions of each division and the objectives of the industrial training is well documented.Chapter two: Covers industrial functional areas, introduction, functional skills in planning, functional skills in O&M, functional skills in field operations and soft skills.

Chapter three: covers the evaluation of outcome and overall evaluation of the training period.

Chapter four: Presents the SWOT analysis that is strength, weaknesses, opportunities and threats and also recommendation.

Chapter five: Provides a general conclusion about the industrial training period.

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TABLE OF CONTENTS

Table of ContentsDEDICATION................................................................................................................................ii

ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS...........................................................................................................iii

DECLARATION............................................................................................................................iv

APPROVAL....................................................................................................................................v

ABSTRACT...................................................................................................................................vi

TABLE OF CONTENTS..............................................................................................................vii

TABLE OF FIGURES....................................................................................................................ix

CHAPTER ONE: ORGANISATIONAL STRUCTURE................................................................1

1.1 COMPANY BUSINESS OVERVIEW.................................................................................1

1.2. WTU COMPANY ORGANIZATIONAL CHART.............................................................3

1.2.1 FUNCTIONS OF EACH DIVISION.............................................................................3

1.2.2 DEPARTMENTS THAT FALL UNDER ENGINEERING DIVISION.......................4

1.2.3 FUNCTIONS OF THESE DEPARTMENTS...........................................................4

CHAPTER TWO: INDUSTRIAL FUNCTIONAL AREA............................................................5

2.1. INTRODUCTION................................................................................................................5

2.2. FUNCTIONAL SKILLS IN PLANNING............................................................................5

2.2.1. RF PLANNING.............................................................................................................5

2.2.2. RF OPTIMIZATION.....................................................................................................7

2.2.3. POWER MAINTENANCE...........................................................................................8

2.2.4. SET UP OF THE SITE..................................................................................................9

2.3. FUNCTIONAL SKILLS IN OPERATION AND MAINTENANCE (O&M)..................10

2.3.1. MONITORING AND SURVEILLANCE (NOC).......................................................10

2.4. FIELD OPERATIONS.......................................................................................................13

2.5. SOFT SKILLS....................................................................................................................13

CHAPTER THREE: EVALUATION OF OUTCOME................................................................14

3.1. OVERALL EVALUATION...........................................................................................14

3.1.1 ACHIEVEMENTS OR BENEFITS.............................................................................14

3.1.2 CHALLENGES FACED DURING INDUSTRIAL TRAINING................................14

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3.1.3 RECOMMENDATIONS..............................................................................................14

CHAPTER FOUR: SWOT ANALYSIS.......................................................................................15

4.1.1. STRENGTH............................................................................................................15

4.1.2. WEAKNESSES.......................................................................................................16

4.1.3. OPPORTUNITIES..................................................................................................16

4.1.4. THREATS...............................................................................................................16

CHAPTER FIVE: AREAS WTU IS DOING WELL, THOSE THAT IT NEEDS TO IMPROVE AND RECOMMEDATION..........................................................................................................17

CHAPTER SIX: CONCLUSION..................................................................................................18

REFERENCES..............................................................................................................................19

APPENDICES...............................................................................................................................20

Appendix I: ROOFTOP SITE SURVEY AT MENGO HOSPITAL............................................20

Appendix II: GREENFIELD SITE SURVEY AT KYANKWANZI;..........................................21

Appendix III: A drive test was carried out to Ziwa Rhino Sanctuary...........................................22

Appendix V: DURING THE MORNING SHIFT MONITORED TEMPERATURES USING IMC-ESDER V2.05.......................................................................................................................23

Appendix V: SITE VISIT TO REPLACE SERVO MOTORS.....................................................24

APPENDIX VI: REPLACED DRU AT KAZO SITE MDKP 1064.............................................25

APPENDIX VII: STEPS IN SERVICING ENGINE GENERATORS........................................26

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TABLE OF FIGURES

Figure 1 Warid Telecom coverage map...........................................................................................2Figure 2: organizational chart of WTU...........................................................................................3Figure 3 set up of the site.................................................................................................................9Figure 4 Screen print of IMC-ESDER window.............................................................................23Figure 5 Faulty Servo Motors Figure 6 Replaced Servo Motors..24Figure 7 Working DRU at Kazo site Figure 8 Spanners and screw drivers 25Figure 9 Generator set parts...........................................................................................................26

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CHAPTER ONE: ORGANISATIONAL STRUCTURE

1.1 COMPANY BUSINESS OVERVIEW

WARID Telecom Uganda, a telecommunications company, is fully owned by WARID Telecom International a subsidiary of the Abu Dhabi Group, a large investment group active both in the United Arab Emirates (UAE), Pakistan, Uganda, Cote de voire (Ivory Coast) and Congo.

It was inaugurated in Uganda on the 9th of January 2008, launched its services on the 7th of February 2008 and started its operation late that year. With a unique understanding of the subscribers’ needs and experiences, it is working hard to become the preferred choice as a universal communications solution.

Warid telecom was awarded the following licenses by the national regulator, Uganda Communications Commission (UCC) and these include:

A public service provider license which permits it to provide telephony and data services of any kind (mobile or fixed or both) using any technology of choice (cellular, satellite, Internet Protocol, traditional wired networks) and resell leased telecommunications services or capacity including the calling cards (international or re-branded local ones) and sale of telecommunications bandwidth (from local or foreign operators) to PSPs.

A public infrastructure provider license which permits it to establish, operate and maintain infrastructure for the provision of communication services (if they are a PSP license holder) and/or offering it commercially for use to PSPs.

Warid telecom Uganda has an estimated subscriber base of over two million subscribers. This subscriber base has been achieved with the vast amount of coverage attained by setting up sites country wide. Warid Telecom network coverage has been extended to the areas shown below;

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Figure 1 Warid Telecom coverage map

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1.2 WTU COMPANY ORGANIZATIONAL CHART

ORGANIZATIONAL CHART OF WTU

Figure 2: organizational chart of WTU

1.2.1 Functions of each division

CEO;

In WTU, CEO is responsible for making high level decisions in the business and chairing meetings both local and international.

Human Resource (HR) and Administration;

In WTU, HR manages the employees of the organization and also responsible for recruiting new employees and trainees.

It controls the human resource affairs and ensures that the employees are well motivated and keeping them in their positions and ensuring that they perform to expectation.

Finance;

In WTU, finance is responsible for the documentation and the controlling of incoming and outgoing cash flows as well as the actual handling of the cash flows and also issuing out cash for implementation of the network activities.

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Legal and government regulatory Affairs;

In WTU, it is responsible for signing agreements and providing defense to the company in case of lawsuits.

It ensures lawful transactions within the company.

Engineering;

In WTU, engineers are responsible for maintaining and expanding of the network in technical terms.

Information Technology (IT):

In WTU, IT is responsible for information automation, storing information, protecting information, processing the information, transmitting the information and later retrieving information as necessary.

Products and Services:

In WTU, it is responsible for packaging and pricing of products and services.

Customer care:

In WTU, it is responsible for receiving customer complaints and maintaining customers on the network.

1.2.2 Departments that fall under engineering division.

These include;

Rollout Department Operation and Maintenance Department Planning Department

1.2.3 Functions of these departments

Rollout Department;

In WTU, it is responsible for network implementation.

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Operation and Maintenance Department (O&M);

In WTU, O&M involves monitoring and surveillance of the network to identify any faults.

Planning Department;

In WTU, it is responsible for planning and optimization of the network for efficient performance.

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CHAPTER TWO: INDUSTRIAL FUNCTIONAL AREA

2.1 INTRODUCTION

The interns rotated through the following sections during training at WTU and include;

Network Operations Center (NOC): This is where network operations monitoring is carried out to ensure network performance.

Field operations: This involves routine preventive maintenance, handling callouts and trouble tickets and supervising vendors.

RF planning and optimization:This involves planning and tuning network parameters to ensure efficient radio network performance.

Power ;This involves maintenance of the different sources of power used by WTU which include commercial (AC), Diesel Generators and Battery Banks.

2.2 FUNCTIONAL SKILLS IN PLANNING

2.2.1 RF Planning

RF Planning is the process of assigning frequencies, transmitter locations and parameters of a wireless communications system to provide sufficient coverage and capacity for the services required.

Coverage relates to the geographical footprint within the system that has sufficient RF signal strength to provide for a call or data session.

Capacity relates to the capability of the system to sustain a given number of subscribers.

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RF planning involves the following;

1. Initial Radio Link Budgeting

The first level of the RF planning process is a budgetary level. It uses the RF Link Budget along with a statistical propagation model to approximate the coverage area of the planned sites and to eventually determine how many sites are required for the particular RF communication system. The statistical propagation model does not include terrain effects and has a slope and intercept value for each type of environment (Rural, Urban and Suburban). This fairly simplistic approach allows for a quick analysis of the number of sites that may be required to cover a certain area. Following is a typical list of outputs produced at this stage:

Estimated Number of Sites

2. Detailed RF Propagation Modeling

The second level of the RF Planning process relies a more detailed propagation model. Automatic planning tools are often employed in this phase to perform detailed predictions. The propagation model takes into account the characteristics of the selected antenna, the terrain, and the land use and land clutter surrounding each site. Since these factors are considered, this propagation model provides a better estimate of the coverage of the sites than the initial statistical propagation model. Thus, its use, in conjunction with the RF link budget, produces a more accurate determination of the number of sites required. Following is a typical list of outputs produced at this stage:

Number of Sites and Site Locations (and Height) Antenna Directions and Down tilts Neighbour Cell Lists for each site Mobility (Handover and Cell Reselection) Parameters for each site. Frequency Plan Detailed Coverage Predictions for example Signal Strength, Signal Quality, Best Server

Areas, Uplink and Downlink Throughput.

3. Fine Tuning and Optimization

The third phase of the RF planning process incorporates further detail into the RF plan. This stage includes items such as collecting drive data to be used to tune or calibrate the propagation prediction model, predicting the available data throughput at each site, fine tuning of parameter settings for example antenna orientation, down tilting and frequency plan. This process is

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required in the deployment of the system or in determining service contract based coverage. Following is a typical list of outputs produced at this stage:

A final List of Sites and Site Locations and Height. Optimized Antenna Directions and Down tilts. An optimized Neighbour Cell Lists for each site. Mobility that is Handover and Cell Reselection Parameters for each site. An optimized Frequency Plan. Detailed Coverage Predictions for example Signal Strength, Signal Quality, Best Server Areas, Uplink and Downlink Throughput.

4. Continuous Optimization

The final phase of the RF planning process involves continuous optimization of the RF plan to accommodate for changes in the environment or additional service requirements for example additional coverage or capacity. This phase starts from initial network deployment and involves collecting measurement data on a regular basis that could be via drive testing or centralized collection. The data is then used to plan new sites or to optimize the parameter settings for example antenna orientation, down tilting and frequency plan of existing sites.

EXPERIENCE IN RF PLANNING.

A Green Field site survey was carried out at Kyankwanzi to set up a transmission site following the company’s interest in closing its ring. Find the detailed description of the survey in Appendix A.Also a rooftop site survey was carried out at Mengo Hospital following the company’s interest in extending its coverage and handling network capacity around Mengo. Find the detailed description of the survey in Appendix B.

2.2.2 RF Optimization

RF Optimization is the tuning of network parameters well to achieve good quality of signal (QOS).

It involves the following;

1. Data collection and verification.

This can be obtained from Key Performance Indicator (KPI) (that is TCH drop ratio, SDCCH drop ratio, TCH congestion ratio, SDCCH congestion ratio, call setup success ratio), drive tests (using TEMS software client) which involves, preparing action plan defining drive test routes,

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collecting RSSI Log files, scanning frequency spectrum for possible interference sources; other performance tools such as Business Objects which is connected to the OSS (Operations and Support System), M2000 which connects to the network through the OMU at the BSC ( it handles centralized supervision, alarm and recovery functions).

2. Data analysis.

You are required to analyze network performance, network parameters, using tools such as the LMT client (Local Maintenance Terminal) which can be used to analyze customer information on the network; and M2000 client from which network performance trends can be analyzed from the statistics obtained. It also involves analyzing information from drive tests using TEMS data collection & analysis; Viewing Reports for BSC/Site performance trends.

3. Parameter and hardware adjustment.

This involves changing BTS parameters for better performance such as transmitter output power, antenna azimuth angle change, antenna tilt, fixed half rate and dynamic half rate configurations, diversity effect, frequency hopping parameters (i.e. HSN, MA & MAIO), changing the number of TRXs, parameters of cell selection and reselection (RXLEV_ACCESS_MIN, CRH), access control parameters (i.e. Minimum Access Level of RACH, Maximum Retransmission Times and so on).

4. Optimization result confirm and reporting.

A network optimization report must include optimization measures, fulfilled network performance indexes, and suggestions for network development.

EXPERIENCE IN RF OPTIMIZATION.

The interns had the chance to participate in:

Physical optimization at Ziwa Rhino Sanctuary a ranch located 7 Km off Gulu road, at (1.44783/32.07805) after corporate sales Representative requested for RF’s help in trying to get this client on board with one of the very many packages that Warid has to offer.

2.2.3 Power Maintenance

This is the constant supply of power to the WTU equipments to ensure continues operation of the network.

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It involves the following;Sources of power used by WTU which includes;

Battery Banks (BB)WTU uses the secondary battery type they are all connected in series.

Alternating Current (AC)

This is basically UMEME power and WTU uses all the three phases that is Red, Yellow, Blue and Neutral.

Diesel Generators (DG)Typical generators are basically two capacities 16.5kVA and 20kVA

Disadvantages of over loading a generator Genset shuts down Engine may fail

MAJOR COMPONENTS OF DG INCLUDE;

Engine consists of; Piston used for compression of diesel and air, Fuel system consisting of fuel tank, piping system, injector pump injector nozzles, cooling system Radiator

Maintenance of DGIt is serviced every after 250 hours of running. The following are changed;1. Engineer oil,2. Oil filter, 3. Air filter 4. Fuel filter.

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2.2.4 Set up of the site

Figure 3 set up of the site

Check the following;

The coolant and top up The fuel pump, it may be clogged

EXPERIENCE IN POWER ELECTRIFICATION;

Had a visit to Kireka site with ID No MDKP 1096 to electrify the Automatic Voltage Regulator (AVR) faulty of two burnt Servo Motors, faulty Mother Board (Printed Circuit Board) and three phases. This was most probably caused by short circuit due to a loss looped Blue phase. Find the detailed description of the process in Appendix C.

Recommend;

The replacement of the air breaker in the meter box. Staggering unit should be restored by the vendor.

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2.3 FUNCTIONAL SKILLS IN OPERATION AND MAINTENANCE (O&M)

2.3.1 Monitoring and Surveillance (NOC)

Network Operation Center (NOC) is a computerized monitoring center which is connected to other network components such as MSCs and BSCs via X.25 data network links. In the NOC, staffs are presented with information about the status of the network and can monitor and control a variety of system parameters.

The WTU is a bi-vendor network (HUAWEI and ERICSSON) which is divided into regions with respect to the vendor of equipment used. The NOC is divided into three sections that are the HUAWEI, ERICSSON and NERA.

In case of a fault in equipment, an alarm message is received and this can be critical, major, minor or warning and consequently the issue is dealt with appropriately by the field operation team. For the case of a critical alarm for example High temperature in the BTS room, a ticket is sent out to the field engineers to attend quickly to the situation and for low fuel, a call out is sent out to the vendor. Various tools were used in the NOC, among which included WinFIOL, iManager M2000, BSC Local Maintenance Terminal MSOFTX 3000, AKILI, WebSMAP, Subscriber Management (SM) and INALA.

EXPERIENCE IN THE NETWORK OPERATION CENTER (NOC).

Had a chance of working in shifts and handled the following; During the morning shift monitored temperatures using IMC-ESDER V2.05. This was used to monitor the temperature and humidity conditions in the MSC rooms so as to maintain system efficiency. The interface is made in such a way that it shows the position at which each equipment is located and the current temperature and humidity of the equipment. Find the details in Appendix V.

During the evening shift monitored using Engineering Support Manager (INALA) and iMANAGER (M2000) where;

iMANAGER (M2000).IMANAGER is also a HUAWEI tool used for network monitoring. When any of the equipment goes faulty, an alarm is immediately reported to the NOC and observed via this interface.

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ESM (INALA)

Its software designed for fuel management. It controls Genset pumping, displays RBS temperature, battery temperature, humidity, fuel levels, power meter reading, discharging current, charging current and battery voltage.

During the night shift monitored ERICSSON sites using WINFOIL.

WINFOIL is an element management system for Ericsson that runs a command line interface which displays required parameters like; cell information status, alarm situation, GPRS connectivity of the sites. The commands run in WINFOIL are stored in the ALEX libraries. WINFOIL monitors 3 BSCs one in Jinja and two in Kampala that’s BSC1, BSC2 and BSC3.

2.4 FIELD OPERATIONS

The field activities carried out included going to various sites to rectify faults, as a response to alarms which have been detected from the NOC. In this case the field engineer has to actually go to the site and carry out troubleshooting in order to work upon a given problem and get feedback from NOC whether the alarm has ceased. Among the sites that were visited included the following;

Site Visit to KAZO

Site ID: MDKP1064

Problem: Power supplying the C sector of the site was switched off.Find: fault DRU at sector C.

Recommendation: The replacement of the fault DRU at sector C.

Find the detailed description of the process in Appendix E.

Site visit to GAYAZA (MDKP1101) and MPERERWE (MDKP1089)

Find: Generator service due.

Recommendation: The replacement of Engineer oil, Oil filter, Air filter, Fuel filter and checking the coolant and top up.

Find the detailed description of the process in Appendix E.

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2.5 SOFT SKILLS

Soft Skills are non-technical skills that are acquired during the course of doing work and a necessary in the corporate world. These include;

Technical report writing that is end of shift reports. Logging into the site that is site intrusion Team work with both fellow trainees and employees of WTU. Communication skills especially during business interactions with different WTU employees. Networking Sending call outs and tickets.

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CHAPTER THREE: EVALUATION OF OUTCOME

3.1 OVERALL EVALUATION

3.1.1 Achievements or benefits

I benefitted from the training for it served its purpose because I was able to attain the practical training and a hands-on experience of what happens out there in the field.

I acquired appreciable practical skills and confidence that can enable me to undertake work in power distribution designs, trouble shooting faults, monitoring site performance and other related operations.

With consolidation of these concepts and repeated handling of familiar work, I can definitely make a better Engineer, obviously with more practice.

3.1.2 Challenges faced during industrial training

One of the challenges was being able to adjust to a busy schedule and adjusting to the new fields of operation.

The time given for field work is not enough to be exposed to all fields of operation hence need to be extended.

3.1.3 RecommendationsDuring the training period additional desktops should be added in the Engineering department to assist the interns in practicing the use of the various network management tools for better end-to-end learning.

WTU should continue with their policy of offering industrial training so that the upcoming professionals, who are still at undergraduate levels get to know what goes on in the field and what is required of them as they per sue their profession.

I recommend that the University arrange visits from success full people in the different student’s fields so that the students get to know what they are supposed to do and also appreciate their professions.

The Mechanical Engineering curriculum should be revised so as to make theory relevant to the practical work encountered in the field.

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CHAPTER FOUR: SWOT ANALYSIS

SWOT Analysis is a situation analytical tool used in conjunction with Strategic Planning Process. While the tool is mostly used to evaluate a Company’s competitiveness, it can also be applied to position as well as internal capabilities. The SWOT analysis focuses on examining Strengths, Weaknesses, Opportunities and Threats. In this case, SWOT is used as a basic, straight forward model to assess what the Intern can and cannot do as well as understanding his potential opportunities and threats at the end of industrial training. In this analysis, the information is taken from an environmental analysis and separated it into internal (strengths and weaknesses) and external (opportunities and threats) issues to be able to determine what may assist the individual in accomplishing objectives and what obstacles must be overcome or minimized to achieve desired results.Below is the outcome of the SWOT analysis:

4.1.1 Strength

Positioned as a suitable candidate in telecom passive infrastructure due to knowledge during Industrial training.

Extensive knowledge in power compared to fellow interns. Posses knowledge and skills in driving I am quick to grasp new ideas and concepts. I like discovering new things and being exposed to a wide area of operation as compared to

the employees who have already specified. I know how to drive unlike some of my fellow interns. Posses industrial training certificates Posses skills in technical writing, time management, troubleshooting

4.1.2 Weaknesses

Lack extensive theory in telecommunications and Electrical Engineering. Lack professional training in Networking. I get what I want and when I want it.

4.1.3 Opportunities

Continued relationship with field operation team is possible for they are very few with a lot of part time jobs.

Strengthening and creating new professional contacts.

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4.1.4 Threats

Not being a Telecommunication or Electrical student, it limits my chances of working with such a good company.

Lack working experience Lack of academic qualification

4.2 RECOMMENDATION

I should go in for a small course in Electrical Engineering to increase my chances of working as an Electrical-Mechanical Engineer in WTU.

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CHAPTER FIVE: AREAS WTU IS DOING WELL, THOSE THAT IT NEEDS TO IMPROVE AND RECOMMEDATION.

5.1 Areas that WTU is doing well in Engineering Department include;

1. There is team work among employees. Where even managers and heads can go out in the field to help the field engineers hence there is no hierarchy.

2. There is high level of motivation where even a part time person can feel like a full employee of the company.

3. Engineers a well exposed to all kinds of work unless other companies where engineers are restricted to only certain tasks. Here you find the some engineer servicing generators, replacing fault DRUs, trouble shooting power and checking the functionality of Air Conditioners (ACs) hence no need of waiting for a Vendor to such work.

5.2 Areas that WTU is doing badly in Engineering Department include;

1. There are still a lot of Call drops in most parts of the country evidence is with areas of Buziga, Munyonyo, Makerere University and very many other areas implying we are still not so fine in Voice communication.

2. We are still doing so badly in data communication that’s internet services hence losing customers who are more interested in data services.

3. We are still facing a lot of Water in Diesel problem which makes our Diesel pump to clog hence damaging our generators. This is most probably put by the Fueling vendors leaving some cases of theft.

4. We are registering high levels of Fuel Theft on most of our sites.

5.3 Recommendations

1. We should set up more towers in areas being affected if all the Radios are already used up and divided so I recommend the new project of setting up between 226 and 230 towers to increase capacity and coverage but should be done very fast before we lose our esteem customers because of fatigue.

2. We should invest more in data Communication because it is even more profitable as compared to voice because internet is used for hours yet voice for minutes. An example of Orange it is getting more in data yet it is doing badly in voice but it is competing in the market so if we combine the two services, we shall be second to none. By the way we shall be ever challenged but never equaled.

3. We should leave the fueling of the generators to be in the hands of the site owner because he is the one who suffers to drain out the water hence given chance to fuel; he cannot add water into the tank.

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4. We should employ guards and rotate them every after two days to reduce theft of fuel.

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CHAPTER SIX: CONCLUSION

Experience as a managing internee in the Engineering Department of a Multinational cellular company like WTU would serve as a step stone to better carrier in Engineering field.

Experiences such as Network Monitoring, site surveys, power setup and field operations and presentations from Engineers would be helpful in my future assignments as a student and as well as an Engineer.

All the Engineering aspects being considered should be balanced with an appropriate economic figure to keep profitability the goal of the company.

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REFERENCES

GPRS Networks by Geoff Sanders, Lionel Thorens, Manfred Reisky, Oliver Rulik and Stefan Deylitz

http://www.freewimaxinfo.com/wimax http://www.vsatplus.com/about-vsat.html Ericsson GSM System Survey www.tutorialspoint.com/gsm

GSM Networks: Protocols, Terminology, and Implementation by Gunnar Heine http://www.thefullwiki.org/General_Packet_Radio_Service

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Appendix I: Rooftop site survey at Mengo Hospital

Measured the Ground elevation, Azimuth of and RF height of using the GPS. Measured the height of the Building using a tape measure. There was access to power from UMEME and generators were not allowed to be used so the

only source of power to use is Electricity or batteries. A site access road existed and in good conditions. The results were recorded as shown below.

Ground elevation 1275mAzimuth 750,2100,3000

Building height 17m

RF height 21m

Table 1 of results

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Appendix II: Greenfield site survey at Kyankwanzi;

A Greenfield site survey was carried out at Kyankwanzi following WTU’s interest to set up a transmission site to complete the transmission ring.

Using a GPS the nominal site coordinates were obtained at two different positions that were at N1.19403, E31.81716 and at N1.19394, E31.81753.

A site access road existed but needs repair to become usable. There was no access to power from UMEME so the proposed source of power was from a

diesel generator. A generator room was also needed to protect the genset fuel from being stolen since there was no security.

Rocky ground which need to be flatten by blasting the rocks to clear the base.

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Appendix III: A drive test was carried out to Ziwa Rhino Sanctuary

A drive test was carried out to Ziwa Rhino Sanctuary a ranch located 7 Km off Gulu road, at (1.44783/32.07805) after corporate sales Representative requested for RF’s help in trying to get this client on board with one of the very many packages that Warid has to offer. Establishment details 

• Estimated subscribers: 210. • Radius of operation: 7Km. • Services requested: Voice and data services & Internet connection. • Other operators existing: Yes (however with bad services, claims the customer).

 The fact that the client is located 7 km from the main road, all signals reaching him are kind of weak and keep fluctuating. Within the compound, signals are received from sites Kyamukondo (MR410071) sector 3 and kimatwe (MR410072) being the dominant. These signals experience a huge fade effects as they propagate.

• Possible solutions:

Voice: this may require WTU to have a cell extender built at the ranch premises (head Quarter) to provide the seamless mobile communication desired by the operatives in the area. Data: WTU might have to drop an E1 over a MW link to the sanctuary using AIRMUX, studies conducted to determine the feasibility of such a deployment from the TX team show that such a link is possible to deploy.

Recommendation:The Airmux solution is implementable.

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Appendix V: During the morning shift monitored temperatures using IMC-ESDER V2.05.

The following steps where followed;

In monitoring temperatures of the different rooms on the MSC1 and MSC2, IMC-ESDER was used.For rooms with very high temperatures, phone calls were made to the responsible people at the site and a ticket made and sent to field operation, NOC and the person called.When the service came back to normal, the ticket was closed.That is an interface that showed the different temperature readings in the rooms on the MSC1 and MSC2.The temperatures were got and recorded every after an hour into the Microsoft Excel as illustrated below.At the end of the shift, the following reports where compiled;End of shift report and contained the following

shift time 7:00 to 15:00 hours shift resource people in the shift BSC monitoring including sites found down. Shift outages format of the report is of the following. T2000 MUX alarms WIMAX surveillance ISP report that is the hosts who were left down.

CRM report got using Subscriber Management

Figure 4 Screen print of IMC-ESDER window

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Appendix V: Site visit to replace servo motors.

Visited the following Sites; KAZO, NAALYA, RUBAGA and KIREKA.

Logged into the site using the phone by putting in the site ID No and sent in form of a message to notify the people in the Network Operation Center (NOC) that there are some people on the site.

Using the Meter, measured the voltage on all the phases for both input and output and found when the input voltage was okay at about 240VAC and output 60VAC indicating there was linkage most probably caused by short circuit inside the breaker.

Power was switched off and the generator started running automatically to keep the site functioning.

Removed the two fault Servo Motors and replaced with new ones. Tested the Mother Board and found when it was not sending signals for regulation of power

hence replaced it also with a new one. The Spanners where used to de-assemble and re-assemble of all the parts. Connected the output of the contactor back to the output block and also removed the phase

loops and restored the automatic transfer of the AVR from bypass. Generator stopped automatically and left the entire system working in auto mode. Hence signed out of the site and informed the site owner that the system was restored to

normal with incoming voltage (Red and Neutral 238VAC,Yellow and Neutral 228VAC and Blue and Neutral 243VAC ) and outgoing voltage (Red and Neutral 223VAC,Yellow and Neutral 222VAC and Blue and Neutral 222VAC ).

Figure 5 Faulty Servo Motors Figure 6 Replaced Servo Motors

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Appendix VI: Replaced DRU at Kazo site MDKP 1064

The following steps were taken;

The site was logged into using SMS. This is by sending a message VISIT to 197. A reply message was received indicating a reference number which is automatically generated by the system to be enabled access the site.

Power supplying the C sector of the site was switched off. Removed the TR1 IN and RX1 out gently and also the RF and power cable. Unscrewed the DRU removed it gently and replaced with a new one. It was connected and powered hence the site was up again.

TOOLS USED Spanner 11 size

DRU

Figure 7 Working DRU at Kazo site Figure 8 Spanners and screw drivers

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Appendix VII: Steps in servicing engine generators.

Requirements

Mobit oil, coolant, rags

Figure 9 Generator set parts

PROCEDURE

Logged into the site. Switched on the generator to heat the oil for easy drainage After some time, the generator was switched off, put in man over ride and the Emergence

button placed and the oil outlet opened to let out the oil into a jerry can. The Diesel filter was removed and replaced with a new one after cleaning that surface. The old Air cleaner was removed and replaced with a new one after cleaning that surface. The oil filter was removed, cleaned that part and replaced with a new one. More coolant was added into the tank. This is used to cool the Engine of the generator. After draining the Mobit Oil, new Mobit oil was added into the tank up to the maximum

level. Cleaned the Engine parts very well, checked the fun belt which was ok so needed no

replacement. The Generator was switched on for some time and off and checked the oil level again which

was ok. The Generator was reset, left in the auto mode and left the site after logging out.