Kali Khola Final

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Government of NepalMinistry of Physical Planning and Works

DEPARTMENT OF ROADS

BRIDGE PROJECTBabarmahal, Kathmandu, Nepal

FIELD REPORTContract No.: BP/SID/2070/71-03

Special Inspection And Design of Maintenance/Repair works of

Kali Khola BridgeAlong Mahendra Rajmarga in Dang District.

Submitted By: Kathmandu, May 2014

Gaurav Integrated Development Associates Nepal Ltd.JV with GOEC Nepal Ltd & GIDAN P.LtdNew Baneshwor, Kathmandu.


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Special Inspection and Design of Maintenance/Repair works of

Kali Khola Bridge along Mahendra Rajmarga.TABLE OF CONTENTS

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Table of Contents

1.0 INTRODUCTION ...................................................................................................... 11.1 Background .................................................................................................. 11.2 Purpose of the Project ................................................................................. 11.3 Bridge Site Location .................................................................................... 11.4 Description of the Existing Bridge ............................................................. 2

1.4.1 Span Layout and Structural Types .............................................................. 21.4.3 Substructure and foundation ....................................................................... 2

2.0 METHODOLOGY ..................................................................................................... 32.1 Generals ........................................................................................................ 32.2 Field work ..................................................................................................... 32.3 Personnel Involved in Field survey ............................................................ 3

3.0 BRIDGE CONDITION, EXTENT AND URGENCY ................................................... 33.1 Superstructure ............................................................................................. 43.2 Substructure ................................................................................................. 6

4.0 DEFICIENCIES AND PROBLEMS IN THE BRIDGE ............................................... 75.0 REPAIR AND MAINTENANCE PROGRAMME ....................................................... 76.0 CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATIONS .......................................................... 8

APPENDICESAPPENDIX A: Photographic RecordsAPPENDIX B: Inspection Forms


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Special Inspection and Design of Maintenance/Repair

works of Kali Khola Bridge along Mahendra Rajmarga. FIELD REPORT

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1.0 Introduction

1.1 Background

Department of Roads, the sole governmental organization is responsible for overall managementof bridges along strategic Roads in Nepal. In this regard the Department of Roads, Bridge Projectutilizes the services of engineering consulting firms in the Special bridge inspection and design ofmaintenance /repair works. As such the Consultant conducted a special inspection of the KaliKhola Bridge crossing over Kali River in Dang district.

Running along the Mahendra Rajmarga road, the bridge has been continuously facilitating topedestrians, local peoples and many vehicles running daily in Dang The bridge is in the fullauthorization of Purwanchal Division of Department of Roads, Ministry of Physical Planning andWorks which takes the responsibility of its management and maintenance.

Seemingly, the bridge is still under its design period and our extensive inspections of each part ofits components claim that it is in extreme condition. Repairs like decking slab reconstruction,

maintenance of parapet, repair of concrete wearing surface, addition of gabion mattresses andboxes for river training works should be done soon to avoid severe accident in near future.

1.2 Purpose of the Project

The inspection and assessment of the bridge was carried out to establish scope and costsassociated with repair and maintenance of the bridge elements. In this regard the purpose of thereport is to describe and report the overall condition of the Kali Khola Bridge so that safe facility forthe public could be provided. It also suggests on maintaining and improving the existing conditionof the bridge by correcting structural and functional deficiencies associated with the bridge. Thereport will address the issues, problems identified and inspected in the field visit.

1.3 Bridge Site Location

The Kali Khola lies in Dang district of Nepal. This bridge crosses the Kali River and lies along theMahendra Rajmarga. Geographically; it is located at 26448.4 N Latitude and 855627.9 E

Longitude.

It links Juraune at right bank and Surahi Naka at left bank through Mahendra Rajmarga . A birdseye view of the bridge site is shown as below:

Photo1:Location Map of Kali Khola Bridge and vicinity map (source: Google Earth)Flow Direction

Kali Khola

To Surahi NakaTo JURAUNE


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1.4 Description of the Existing Bridge

1.4.1 Span Layout and Structural Types

The Kali Khola Bridge is a through type concrete Bridge with concrete slab decking. The Bridgesuperstructure consist of concrete masonry parapet, resting on east and west abutments whichhas been founded on RCC foundation. The bridge is a single span of overall length 9.4m and itsorientation is east to west.

1.4.2 Deck system

The Bridge decking has concrete wearing surface over RCC structural slab for traffic movementsurface. Two brick masonry piers are provided to support the decking.

Photo 2:Decking of Bridge

1.4.3 Substructure and foundation

Both abutments of the bridge are founded on RCC foundation. The bridge has RCC foundation.

Table: Summary of the Bridge information

Description

1. Type of Bridge : Concrete Bridge

2. No. of Span : 1

3. Total Length : 9.4m

4. Carriageway : 9.25m

5. Footpath width : Not provided

6. Overall width : 10.36

7. Posted load restriction : -

8. Height restriction : -

9. Foundation Type : RCC Foundation

10. Deck : : Concrete wearing course upon concrete slab

11. Railings :RCC

12. Bearings : -No Bearing

Railing

Drain holes

Optical fibre

pipe


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2.0 Methodology

2.1 Generals

Following sequence of works had been followed for collection of field data; Preparation of Inspection Report Forms as per DoRs Bridge Inspection Manual for

recording;

Desk study;

Arrange team for carrying out different inspection works;

Mobilization of the team to site.

2.2 Field work

The Field Works for Special Inspection works of the Kali Khola Bridge generally comprising of thefollowing works that had been carried out at site,

1. Inspect each part of the bridge thoroughly and its condition

2. Record its condition using the appropriate inspection report forms3. Sketches to illustrate the location of any defects and problems

4. Collect samples of items such as broken concrete, corrosion products or paint flakes

5. Examine the condition of any previous maintenance or repair works

6. Photographs for the record of the inspectors observations

The bulk of the inspection work was carried out in 2071-01-23. The inspection consisted of acomprehensive detailed visual inspection from deck, underneath of bridge. All structural and non-structural components of the bridge were inspected. These components included floor beams,girders, abutments, piers, concrete decking. Conditions of other non-structural components suchas hand-railings, road barriers, embankment and sidewalks were also assessed. Field andphotographic records of the inspection are provided in Appendix A.

Condition Rating Scheme

Standard inspections forms and condition rating, (Guidelines for inspection and maintenance ofbridges Vol.1 (DoR), were used. Each components of the bridge, was evaluated using thestandard condition rating scheme. Inspection forms summarizing this work are provided inAppendix B.Johns on Street Br idge Condit ion Assessm ent Report

2.3 Personnel Involved in Field survey

During the inspection works of the bridge following personnel were involved to carry out the fieldworks.

S.No. Name Designation

III

Nabin PandeyRajesh Ghimire

InspectorInspector

3.0 Bridge Condition, Extent and Urgency

According the bridge inspection results the condition of the bridge is rated as Good condi t ionand its extent and urgency rated as minor. The Inspection form adhering in the appendix II

describes the detail inspection report of the bridge condition, extent of damage or deterioration andurgency to its remedy.

The condition of the each parts of the bridge has been briefly described below:


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3.1 Superstructure

Deck Slab and concrete wearing course

The inspection survey shows that concrete wearing course was wore out and was all covered bymud with some pot holes and highly significant cracks over the concrete running surface.Thorough visual inspection of the structural deck sab suggests major structural problem.

To cease further deterioration, quick attention is required within a year in order to maintain smoothrunning surface.

Photo 3: Cracks and wear out of running surface Photo 4:Deck slab condition

Deck end Joints

Either no expansions joints are provided ornot visible.

Drains

The condition of drain in the bridge is not good. Though there is drain holes, they arent functioning

well. Drain holes are covered with mud and rest are not functioning. Figures below shows thecondition of drains.

Wore out road surface.

Deck slab


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Photo 5:drain at bridge site Photo 6:drain at bridge site covered with leaves

Photo 7: drain holes at abutments

Railings

Concrete railings is available in the bridge. The condition of railing is good and needs simplereconstruction and painting.


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Photo 8:condition of parapet. Photo 9:cracks in parapet

3.2 Substructure

Abutment

Both right and left abutment of the bridge is founded on open foundation and the inspection shows

that its condition is in reasonable and good.

Photo 10:Right Abutment Photo 11:Left Abutment

Parapet to be paintedOptical fibre pipe at

Brid e site

Abutment covered by

bushes.


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Retaining walls

There is no retaining walls at the banks of river near bridge. Retaining wall at the bridge bank is

required on both upstream and downstream sides of the bridges right bank. Gabion wall of length10m is recommended on d/s side of right bank and about 5m long gabion box is recommended atthe u/s side at same bank.Bushes needs to be cleared .

Photo 12:condition of d/s of the river

4.0 Deficiencies and Problems in the Bridge

Though the bridge has many major structural deficiency, it lacks some components and facilitiesas listed below:

Proper expansion joints,

Well managed drainage facilities at deck.

Foot path.

Some cracks are seen in concrete slab at bottom of deck, most of the part of parapet are in goodcondition but there is crack in some parapet. Further, if not maintained timely that might lose itsstructural strength and may result in collapsing.

5.0 Repair and Maintenance Programme

Based on the comprehensive inspection of the structural elements of the Kali Khola Bridge anattention required immediately for the proper functioning of the bridge.

The repair and maintenance program recommended in this regard consists of the following scope:

a) Provision of drainage in order to prevent the water storage in the road surface.b) Painting traffic signs, divide lines, etc.

c) Provision for gabion boxes at downstream,of the river .d) Vegetation growth at the Upstream and Downstream of river should be cleared.

Site where stone

pitching is required


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6.0 Conclusion and recommendations

The Kali Khola Bridge is built many years ago and seems un-repaired and un-maintained well overthe period. The upstream and downstream side requires protection to some extent.

Comprehensive inspection of every features of the bridge suggests that the bridge superstructureis in fair condition while its foundation and abutments are at reasonably good condition. Bridgedecking is also in fair condition.Some cracks are seen in the slab.so, the above recommendedrepair and maintenance program should be done to lengthen the life of the bridge to its intendeddesign life.

It is recommended that the repair and maintenance works should be implemented immediately tominimize the risks associated to the vulnerability of the bridge.


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Appendix- A: Photographic Records

Photo 13:Protection work at the downstream side of the river

Photo 14:Overall view of bridge Photo 15: Expose of bottom of deck

Cracks in slab


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Photo 17: Upstream of river Photo 18: Downstream of river

Photo 19:Condition of parapet Photo 20:overview of bridge from upstream


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APPENDIX B: Inspection Forms

Documents

Kali Khola Final