Kaidah Dasar BioetikDr.Hi. Asep sukohar

Kemajuan teknologi global transparency dampaknya pada kehidupan dan ekonomi manusia, terjadinya benturan atau konflik pada profesi medis EtikaDisilpinHukumKonflik Etiko-Legal

Etik Dan Humaniora (conts)Goals :To incorporate ethical concerns and issues into all phases of the education medical students.To help prepare students to understand their own values and be ethically aware medical practitioners.To provide students with the knowledge, skills, and attitudes required to be clinically competent in medical ethics and to be able to make ethically-informed medical decisions.

Goal: Behave in a professional, moral, and ethical way, and recognize the ethical issue as well as themedico-legal aspects of medical practice KIPDI III (terbaru)

Teach other Practice by doing Group discussion Demonstration Audiovisual Reading Lecture80 %75 %50 %30 %20 %10 % 5 %LEARNING PYRAMID IN MEDICINE

TERGANTUNG . BERUBAH MENJADI

The patients contexts for prima facies choice(Agus Purwadianto, 2004)

Time

General benefit result, most of people,

Elective, educated, bread-winner, mature person

Vulnerables, emergency, life saving, minor

> 1 person, others similarity, community / socials rights

BeneficenceAutonomy

Non maleficenceJustice

Medis atau etis?

Kasus Konkrit 1

-KeputusanMedisKeputusan etisPilar Keputusan Klinis sehari2

-KeputusanMedisKeputusan etisPilar Keputusan Klinis sehari2BiomedikInfo-medikIndikasimedikpilihan pasienkualitas hidupfitur kontekstualMindset non medisStruktur Psiko-Sosio-budaya

Tergopoh-gopoh spt ini, benar atau tidak ?

Kalau yang ini 1 dari ratusan korban tsunami, lumpur panas ?? (di luar RS >>)

Principles-based ethics Prima FacieT.Beauchamp & Childress (1994) & Veatch (1989)BeneficenceNon MaleficenceAutonomyJusticeContextual featuresQuality of lifeClinical DecisionMaking Patients preferenceMedical indicationValue-based medicineEBM

MALPRAKTEK?HASIL AKHIR/PROSES?DUTYDELIRICTION OF DUTYDIRECT CAUSEDEMAGE

TROEF = berubah menjadi BeneficenceNon MaleficenceAutonomyJusticeMedicalIndicationpihak II UmumBAIKkranjangSampahpihak IIkesakitan/menderita,gadar,pra-cacatDistressRentanuzur, terjepit tanpa pilihanMiskinbodoh.capable person bebasElektifrentang >>hak pilih a// DRnya pihak IIINon pasienwakil/walikluster popKomunitasPenyandangdanaBerpotensiDirugikan/Paling krg diuntungkan

ENRICHMENT OF JUSTIFICATION BeneficenceNon MaleficenceAutonomyJustice Not stipulated in the text = Patients Context MedicalIndicationDEDUCTIVELOGICPRIMAFACIECETERIS PARIBUS

Pokok Utama yg di BahasCREATIVE THINKING(NEW) ILLAH = actual duty = contextuality OPPOSITIONVALUECONFORM>< : DETECTDEVIATION

Prima Facie Keketatan Pemikiran Logis Rule of thumb,Hanya disebut

KAIDAH DASARBIOETIK

Absolut

Lurus, mengikatKartu Bridge/TroefDominoR.Veatch, 1981Actual duty = contextuality> prima facie duty

(Ross, 1939)

Kaitan Etik - Moralitas

Moralitas

EtikPraksis =Tuntunan PerilakuNormatifTuntutan Berpikir Logis KritisrefleksiMetaEtikaStandar rasional& metode peroleh EYg dipercaya & diperbuat Manusia = praktekTeoriseyogyanyaPembenaranSeharusnyaNILAIMenghargaimenjunjungBenarBaikcocok

Teori Hidup baik (bermakna)1.Cinta menyatu ke Illahi (Plato, sufisme Islam, Kejawen)2. Kebahagiaan (eudamonia) 3. Kebajikan/keutamaan (virtue) Aristoteles4.Hindari perasaan sakit (Epikurus).5. Rela menyatukan diri dengan (hukum) alam sebagai sunatullah (Stoa)

Teori Hidup baik (bermakna)6.Cinta kepada Tuhan (Agustinus) 7.Mengikuti hukum kodrat (cinta kepada Tuhan plus keutamaan) 8Not having, but being (Erich Fromm). 9. Kebebasan/otonomi subyek sebagai sumber moralitas (Kant) 10.Pandangan dunia/lebenswelt (Habermas)

InsightCore ProblemKeywordsBasicMoral PrincipleBeneficenceNonmaleficenceAutonomyJusticeMetode AP

Chosen PrincipleChoose 1-2 out of 4 most relevant(problem solving)EthicsTheory Virtue - eudamoniaDuty - deontologistUtilitarian teleologist eg happinessMetode AP

EthicalRelativismCultureCustomEthicalDilemmaScience & technology determinant Societal & capital determinantQuality of lifeMetode AP

Prima Facies Principle

Deductive Logic/Ceteris ParibusCalculated Assumption(other principle stable)Solving the ProblemConsistencyCoherentCorrespondentPragmaticContext vs TextChoose 1-2 out of 4(most stringent)Metode AP

Metode AP

Deduktive: dibentuk dari pengalaman, teori, dogma yg bersifat umum, di bentuk dugaan.

Tugas Pelaporan

Sheet1

ETHICAL PROBLEM SOLVING

Nama Mahasiswa :

CaseEthical ProblemAlternative BasedAlternative DecisionSelf AssesmentVerificationReasons

No.on Values System

INSIGHTKDB +CHOSEN PRINCIPLEPRIMA FACIEVALUE

THEORY ETHICSE. RELATIVISMCETERIS PCLARIFIC.

E. DILEMMADEDUCTIVE L

SOLVING PROB

Sheet2

Sheet3

Langkah (Langkah Modifikasi Howard Brody method)Kasus No. :______Prinsip Yang dipilih Kelompok :______________________________Nama Mahasiswa :______________________ CONFORMED / NOT CONFORMEDAlasan :______________________________________

No.KasusLangkah Modif H.B.Pilihan Prinsiprelevan /Pendapat SingkatNama Mahasiswa1.2.3.4.5.6.

KESIMPULAN KDB = metode pengajaran etik sbg penjernih logika & peningkat daya kritis mhsw dlm menyeimbangkan keputusan etis thd keputusan medis di klinikAnalisis etikolegal = pelengkap utama KDB yg berguna utk membina sikap tanggungjawab, kesadaran hukum & profesionalisme DR kelakModul (sbg perangkat) = alat praktis permudah pemahaman etika, hukum & HAM dlm aplikasinya di Kurikulum Berbasis Kompetensi