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9-29-1966

Kabul Times (September 29, 1966, vol. 5, no. 155)Bakhtar News Agency

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PrIce A1. 3

Gemmi Mission DelayedHOUSTON Te••s, Sept., :!f,

(AP) -C.ncell.tIon of s plan to !atan astronaut Jet around the worldwuh a rocket powered back pactoutSide GemlO) 12 forced of!lc;1alaWednesday to del.y the four'<IaYmiSSion about two weeks, until polo­Slbly November 15

The major reVISion of Air Forc::eMajor Aldrin s lengthy s~

Slroll came as a result of the falliQeproblem that pl.gued astroDlll,\t Ri.chard F Gordon Ir outsIde Gentl.u.I I

Aldrin .nd Navy Capram JamesA Lovell Jr had originally been setto blast off On the... rendezvous an4spacew.lks mission-the last In lhetwo m.n Gemlm series-October 31

The postponement was necesaaryto gIve technlcl.ns ltme to remo..the maneuver1D8 UDlt from IIImounts m the re.r of the spacecnlt.already at • C.pe Kennedy, P1ori4a.launch psd Aldrln.1so will needadditional lime for Iratmnl on bllnew Jobs

gotIate'Is it Imagmable, m the pro­

cess of escalatIOn, for such anoverture to come from a aideother than that of the great Jl9.w·er which IS dtrectly lD'lrolVedthere, whose mterventlon biiIbeen one of the basIC elementsof that escalatiOn and whlCbalone IS, therefore, m a poIltionto make the new move that Willrender everything possible. and,first of all, peace? t he asked.

P Coomar.swam.Y aaJd that iliatry deplored the flghtmg inVIetnam and mamtamed that­there should be an early end tothIS Sl!nseless klllmg through .,negotIated settlement ThiJI W01lldbe poSSIble If the 1954 Genevaagreements were reactIvated

SingaporeThe representatIve of SiJJg..

pore welcomed the proposal for ADAsJan peace conference The goy..ernment of Smgapore, he stated.would support any practIcal stellato resolve thIS conflIct so clearlyfraught WIth danger to peace andstablhty In Southeast Asia.

In Washmgton US Sectetu7of State Dean Rusk saId last nlchtthe forthcommg Manila COl\­ference was arranged so thatthe natlOns which are "activepartners In the defence of SouthVletnam can fully reVlew theprogress of peace efforts and ....clal and economIC developmentIn that natlOn

The mllttary sltu.tion alaoWIll be revIewed," Rusk said af·ter a two-hour closed-door sessionWIth the Senate AppropnatlonaCommtttee on the anopDled ffelgn aId appropnatlOn for fiBcalyear 1967

Asked for comment on SenateForeIgn Relations COm1ll1tteeChaIrman J W Fulbnght's pro­posal that the conference ahouldalso Include Japan, India IlIldPakIstan Rusk saId the BUllea­tlOn for the meetmg of the chle&of state or government "wumade some months ago and WMarranged for those counb:teawhich are actIve partners in 1Mdefence of South Vietnam It willreVlew the extreme ctvilian .t.fort to promote social and __nomIc development as well • theefforts put forward to bring abouC.a peaceful settlement of thiaWQr ..

Manila MeetingIn Moscow, izvestia S8Jd PreaI·

dent Johnson's trip to Manl4next month "conceals new .A.m.rlcan plans for escalating thewar

WIth thIS exceptloJ1 the Sovietpress almost Ignored tbe announ­cement of the Manila swnmlt

In South V,etnam yesterdaYAmencan planes again bombada fnendly VIllage, killing 28South VIetnamese and woundilll78 a U S spQkesman saId in Sai.gon

He saId two Manne Corps A-l.Skyhawk Jet fighter-bomheRdropped 500 pound (226 q.)bombs on the Vlllage In the e:t'I1­lral lowlands

MeanwhIle Arn.ud de Borch­grave 39 a senior editor ofNewsweek magazme. was WOQllioded In the right .rm We<lnesdaywhile ....0 '~Ilng a US M'il1DC ac­tIOn Just south of the demlll~ed zone

Two Manne (cll)bat photogra­phers and n photograpner forStars and StriPes the lU'DIl!:dforces newspaper, were ..a1Iowounded None of them wus cri.tlcally wou ldE: 1 It was stated

In cenlral VIetnam 3l}() mUI!lI(480 km) north of SaIgon. SuuthKorean troops Tuesday fOIlJ'"guemllas hand '0 hand 111 sub­terranean cav,.;s kllhng 23

byJava

Benefit Held ToHelp Blind

KABUL Sept 29-A concertto raISe funds for the establIshmcnt of an eye chmc and aschool for the bltnd was held atlhe Kabul Hotel last mght

1 heIr Royal HIghness PnnceAhmad Shah Pnnce MohammadNadir Prmcesses Bllqls MertWD,Kh"t,,1 Lalluma PrIncess BelqUls s husband Sardar Waholhet members of the roy.l famiIy sevelal members of the cabi­net and others attended the re­ception

There are 39 bhnd people studYlOgIn the two classes learnmg handlcrafts Mrs N A Seraj the Pre­SIdent of the AssOCIation for theBlind saId 10 a speech

The- AssOCIatIon plans to establtsh .n evemng class for thebhnd, WIth the help of the Mmistry of Education she added

The functIOn which lasted from8-11 IOcluded a concert by thestudents of Hablbla HIgh SchoolRokhshana the well known Atghan smger delIghted the audI­ence \VJth. her bnef aPPE'arance

The Hablbla amateurs sangeverythmg from ElVIs Presley tomodern Afghan songs

The bIggest event of the even109 was the dIstributIon of pn­zes More than 40 prizes weregiven away flom the lotterydrawn from the tIckets sold tothe audIence The amount ralsed by the AsSOCIatIOn WIll beannounced latel

Sumatran CityUnder Control,Riots Kill One

JAKARTA Sepl 2~ (AP)-Army secunl} rnn.;es contmued

to hold I light ClillllP on the cityof Palembang In Soulh Sumatrawhere five students were recentlywounded and one kllJed In a clashWIth troops

The students chcl.:kcd momentaflly in their atlul.:.ks agamst thelocal parliament have resumedpainting the town with sloganschargmg the parliament IS left wingdommated

The offiCIal news agenr.:y AntaraIn a report from the city said parhament and the local army command Issued a JOint statement apologl51ng for the inCIdent last week

[t was tne Ihlret major clash bet­ween students and army troopsattempting to break up the demonstratlons reported In the last fiveweeks III IndoneSia

The first one broke 10 mid Augustm Bandung where one student waskilled and 15 senously Injured whentroops moved 10 and opened fire ·0break up a fJght between pro andanll Sukarno forces

Another dash was reportede}e\\ Ilnesses near the centraluty of Solom

I he statement Issued m parhamcnt said the authorlues wouldnot allow Iny more demonstrations11 Stud the army and parliamentwere Willing 10 be corrected butonly In I legal manner Antara repurted

Thc ('Lty has been placed under a('Ill few from late evening to earlymorning 10 blol.:k nIght achons bythe students AntanJ reported

The students Ittal:ks have chargE'd the parliament IS c..Iommated bythe left wing of the IndoneSIan Natl(.mall'il Party CPNI) PalembangIS III Important purt I.:lty for SouthSU01atr I

IJS Must~ Make First Viet ->~:

Peace Move, Says FranceNEW YORK, Sept 29, (CODiblned News Servlces).­

France told the Umtcd Nations General Assembly yesterdaY Itwas for the Umted States to make the IIrst move towards peaceIn Vietnam

French ForeIgn Mlntster Mau­rICe Couve de Murvllle saId thatsmce • pohtlcal soluttonalone of the VIetnam conflIct wasconceivable it was a matter ofreturning to the Geneva agree­ments through negotIation

Couve de MurvilleITo return to the Geneva

agreements he saId means toagree to evacuate all foreignforces and to prohtblt theIr re­turn to ban any outSide Interference whntsoevcr In the affairsof VIetnam under the CondItIOnthat Vietnam WIll commIt Itselfto main tam a policy of stnctneutrality In the futurc All theseprOVISIons should embodied In aninternatIOnal treaty that wouldbe SIgned by and therefore bebmdmg upon all the great powers and the other countries dlrectly Involved

The French Foreign MInistersaId A sort of sombre fatalityhovers over thIs wal whIch atany tIme seems to prevent bothadvelsallcs (rom Simultaneous­ly statmg their read mess to ne-

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SH)... '" I

MeXICO was cited for makmgbig advances In productIve efficleney and crop diveralllcatIon

To combat inflation, whIch hadespec1Ql1y hampered developmentm Latin Amencan countnes thereport suggested that taxesshould be the maIn source ofgovernment revenues

smce the early 1950's"But while emphaslsmg the

need for self help, the commItteesaid prosperous natIOns also havea r~sponirlbJ1lty to assISt and encourage underdeveloped st.tes~e report Cited usuccess sOOr

ies" m some low-mcome countries -the flshmeal mdustry mPeru agrIcultural expenmentation m Trimdad, automobIle re­paIr shops In Portugal, development b.nks In Brazil, .nd aaricullur~1 credIt IDSUtutlODS 10 Panama

Still Disagreement,Erhard Reports

BONN, Sept, 29 (OPA)-WestGerm.n Chancellor Ludwig ErhardaaJd bere y~sterday tbat differences01 bpinion between Bonn and W.shA\!li\Pll were not removed by his twod"la 01 political talkS With U SPresident Lyndon Johnson

Speaking on returning from afour-dlY VISIt to the UDited St.testhe Ch.ncellor said he was howev~, conVInced that solUtloos couldsllll be found dunng contInued talks

The West German and AmencanSIdes left open for the tIme bemgthe tricky question. of 1ulllllment 01West Germany's pledge to buy some$1,350 mIllion worth of US .rmaments by next 1une to help offsetAmerican force on currency costs In

keeplDjj the Seventh US army 10

Geql)snylBquaJiY \lnresolved for all praclt

cal pUQ!oses was the question of agreater West German share 10 nuclear planDing of the Atlanltcalliance

Bagh stations nowpapers of mother

WASIIlJ'IlGTON, Sept 29, (Reuter)­A report just Issued here points the way for low·lncome nationsto further their own eftorts to speed Internal economic growth

CEl) RepQrt Stresses Need ForInternal Economic Growth

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The report, released yesterdayby the Committee for EconomICDevelopment (CED)-'-. non­profit, non pohtlcal economic re~

search and education organls.­tlon-stressed the necessIty forlow-mcome natIOns to help them­selves.

It saId these countne. shouldI Encourage prIvate Inltlative2 DeaJ effectively with pro\>-

lems of popul.tlon growth. agn­cultural refonn, and monetaryand fiscal poliCIes

3 DISpense birth control intor111lItlOn, while respectmg local re­hglous traditIOns ...nd under nocircumstances coerce people IntobIrth control measures"

Tbe report said that "eVldenceindicates that fo~ the low mcomecountries *"ken as a whole therates of mcrease m national pro­duet per capita may haye slowed

Envoy ArrivesKABUL, Sept, 29, (Bakhtar) ­

The new Amb.ssador 01 CZAtChoalo­vaki. to AfghaDislan, PraDJbtikPelrozhil., .mved here WednesdayHe was recalved .t the al1JlOrt byMobammad All Amlr, A....rantPresident of the Protocol Depart­ment of the MlDlStry of PorelgnAff.....

Ambasoador Petrozhll. " 53 YellrBold .nd has scrved his country Inv.nO\l' capaCIties He was DeputyMIDI.ler m the Czech MIDIstry 0'FID.nce from 1954 to 1961 Por thelast five years he has been D...ectorof the EconomICS Department ID thoPorelgn MInatry, .nd h.. has beena member of the gOverDlII1 body ofthat MIDIStry He .peaks Prenchand German

PR ESSSTOPJAKARTA Sept 29, (AP)-

Armed soldiers THursday turnedaway tbousands of BCre41ming stu·dents wljo surged past the iates ofPreSldent SukarnQ's pala(!eBarb~d WIN barricades were set

up and tro~ps ca"ying; rille. and.utomatlc weapons blocked thtl atu­dents before they"reached thepalace .. '"l

ZARANJ Sept 29 (Bakhtar)­Improvement and c1eanmg of fourlarge canals in Chakhansoor wascllmpleted yesterday The projecttJol< four months The canals Irrl­g"", some t25 QOO acre~ of land

KABUL, Sept., 29, (Bakhts,)­Tbe prinCipals committee organIS­Ing seoul groups JO the schoolsmet .t Nadena HIgh School yesterday and unanimously elected DrAhmad Shah lalal prmclpal ofNe)at School chaIrman of the com­mittee MISS Hamlda assistantprInCIpal of Zarghoon. School, waselected secretary The commltteewas formed last year

KABUL Sepl, 29, (Bakhtar)­The new Governor of Maldan andWard.k provmce, Moh.mm.d Ibra­hIm Ab.sl yesterday assumed office10 the Kote Ashro centre of the provmce

He read HiS Majesty s decree ap­pOlOtlOg him and then made aspeech about hiS programme ofwork

Hamullah deputy of Maidan Inthe Woleswah Jlrgab welcomed theGover~or on behalf of tbe PIopleand said the people would tuiif co-­operate In carrYlOg out development

KABUL Sept 29 (Bakhtar)-Theboard of education of the PublicHealth Institute met yesterday andapPOInted a number of committeesto review the educational program­mes of the courses conducted bythe mstittue for health workers

Assistant President 01 the Insti­tute Dr Sayed Murtaza Sayed! aaJdthe committees wlll coordinate theprogrammes of these courses wIththose ot schools

KABUL Sept 29 (Bakhtar)­Gen P N Th.par Ambassador IIIIndIa In Kabul met Abdul KartmHakim! Communications MlOlster.yesterday In hiS office

The ChlDese Amb.ss.dor III Af­ghanistan Chen FlOg ;1lso met theCommunIcations Minister yesterday

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twice weekly

Inllia ConcernedAbout Future Aid

NEW DELHI llOpt 28 (DPA)­The Indian government IS obViouslyconcerned over the amount offoreIgn aid It Will receive In future

The World Bank s annual reportMonday has Increased the ImpresSlOn here that the IOdustnal nationsare gradually becomIng weary orrcady aid and that their creditpolicy Will not be hberahsed as sdeSired here but that credit condllions will become tougher

Offers combined air/railand ooat tours to JAPANvia USSR and via HONGKONG, ~LA, BANG­KOK, SINGAPORE and

COLOMBOFor details please contactASTCO TR.I\VEL OfficeShare Naw, Tele: 21504

Skopje Earthquake(Contmued from Page 3)

The Uillted NatIOns spent manyhundreds of thousands dollars maId to Skopje, thus mak10g it pos­SIble for teams of UNESCO ex­perts to explore the SOli on whIchthe cIty stands to enable .. ts In­dustries to resume work, to draftproJects' for and construct newbl1lldmgs to repaIr the damagedones to equIp schools and theuniversity, and to draw up a selsmologlcal map WIthout whIch anew town development projectcould not be drafted and thereconstruction of the city started

SkOPJe today-thIS 's a cIty InwhIch 18 VIllages have mergedtogethcr after the dIsaster It has \the longest dIameter of all European CIties except Pans and Mog..cow A new cIty WIth 80,000 peopie and 730000 sq met of roadswhich a water supply systemschools and shops was bUilt aro-

lund lhe old earthquake-shattered cIty 10 eIght months only

Today SkOPJe stands as a mo­'Oll0'l puc "'palle,. 10 lU"umu

Iand In It these settlements thIS'blitz cIty built 10 such a briefperIod of time, represent a featof the century

Town planners expected Sko­pJe to have 270000 InhabItants m1971 and 350000 ten years later,683 per oent of them hVlllg 10the narrower city area However,last year 5 census shows thattheIr expectatIOns for 1971 andIndeed 1981 have been fulfilledalready 10 19651 The cen:;us figures showed that last year, Sko­Pie had 266,000 mhabltants, 772per cent of whom hved In thenarrower city area

For 1966 SkOPJe got an unex­pected New Year present-a newgeneral town development pro­Ject In only 10 months, about a

Ihundred geologISts seIsmologISts,phYSICISts town planners, oivileJ;1gmeers, economISts and econo­mlC planners, sClentIsts and exports of world renown from Yug_oslaVia anp many other countnes, worked out thIS project ofSkOPJe to be It was drilft<:d un­der the auspIces of a specl.I Um­ted NatIOns ConsultatIve Boardfor SkOPJe whIch ralhed a largenumber of sClentJsts and, WIthmaterIal support from a specIalUN fund contrIbuted to-m thewords of the famous Japanesetown planner, Nenza Tango--the world's best project drawnup 10 recent decades" (TANJUG)

yeal term expires on November1 BUI on September 2 hetold n press conference hc Willcontmue for the duratIOn of thecurrent General Assembly sesslon whIch 1S due to adjourn onDecember 20

Informed sources saId that UThanL obViously was preparedto contmue until the year end

As far as can be dLtennmedno serIOus effort has so far beenmade to find a successor thougha number of names have beenmentIOned as pOSSible eanLl dates

A successIOn of appeals byforeign ministers and other delegatIOn leaders has I ft UThant s mscrutablhty l nmovedas he SIts at the nght hand ofthe Assembly PreSIdent AbdulRahman Pazhwak

Privately he has respondedonly WIth a pohte thank you andmurmured I am deeply touched

Even so many delegates stillare convmced he Will eventuallyagree to soldier on, perhaps onan mdetermmate baSIS

PreSIdent Ferdmand E Marcosof the PhilIppines echoed a WIdespread OpInIOn when he said tl1

the Assembly last Wednesd.ythat at certain tImes the Secretary-General s office mIght become mdefinite tenure andthat such a time Js now

Greek CypriotsCOIIIIIUlea Jrom rage

lious usurpers of government JQ

Cyprus as another link In the chamof actlv1ties directed agamst thelaw abldmg Turkish CyprlOts in order to break their will lD upholdmgthelT nghts said Eralp

Cyprus s permanent UN representative Zenon Rossldes, m a letterto U Thant last week, aceused theTurks of bavmg set the fife .mforests near thell' own villages

Eralp, ternung this a monstrousaccl,Jsation l Said UN peacekeepmgauthontles on Cyprus bad found noeVJdenCe to support It

Kucuk told Thant that Slmultaneously WJth the fires three TurkishCyprlOts had been slam by Greeksseeking to provoke retahatlOn andIn one case--the vllJae:e of Arovs­they succeeded

U UN peacekeepmg forces hadnot mtervened Kucuk said a greatdisaster would have followed and acouple of hundred of Turks wouldhave been wJped OU t

He s8,ld the mCldent proved andconfirmed the TurkIsh view thotdespi te all efforts and beliefs to thecontrary it is Impossible for Greeksand Turks to live together in thesame I"lace'

Eralp asked that hiS letter be drculated as a Security Councn docu­ment

TEHRAN Sept 28 (DPA) -ShahMohammed Reza PahlevJ of Ironhere yestenlay opened the 55th conferenoe of the 'Inter parliamentaryUnion' whose 650 delegates from 62countries Will discuss the Vietnamwar anet developments in RhodeSia

FOR SALE1964 HUlman Supermlnx good

condition, duty paJd, 23000 miles,has been overhauled and somespares aVaJlable, can be seen atMinistry of Works, British Embassy Telephone No 20512/19

FLY ARIANA

formation and Culture Minister MobammadOsman Sldky, Deputy Mlmster Mohammad

Najlm Arya, Deputy Minister of the Interior,Amanullah Mansouri, and some high rankingofficials of the MInIStries of information andVulture and the Interior attended tbe 'party

Population ControllLoll(lIl1led from Pa.ge 3)

The muung company was so unpressed that Jt offered to pay forcontraceptives and for salanes ofmidWIVes and tor ItS enlightenedachon the company was g1ven aMinistry of Health and WeUareaward Other mdustnes launchedsmllar programmes

Several pnvate ae:encles wereformed to aSSISt the buth controlprogramme Oae of these the Foundation-Instittue tor Research inPopulation Programme~ began aNew Life Movement 10 1953" ItprOVided trained mstructors formore than 500 industries, reaching3 500 000 faoolies With contraceptivemformation

The Japanese Health and WelfareMinJstry plays an important role 111birth control With Its 815 government health centers and 50,000 mIdWives and nurses trarned to givecontraceptIVe ihtormaticJn and coun~

sel A law placml! lamily planningresponSlbllity at the local level andproviding necessary funds to make1t worable was passed III August1965

Since Japan 15 a highly literatenabon, her mass media have play':ed an importartt part 10 making thecontraceptive programme successfUl.,Women s maeazines have been es­pecially effective ID dlssemmatingcontraceptive information, oftenpublishing special features on It 1Dspnng and fall when most weddingsare scheduled

In carrymg out a VJgorous fam.ilyplannmg programme Japan hadvarious factors 10 her favour, primadly her hl&,h literacy rate andmdustnal development On theother hand she faced SIZeable prob­lems as a result of post war tur­bulence and the changmg aspectsot the tradItional falllily structureJapan has shown that a nation WJtha concerned and lO!ormed publicand bold government action cansucceed m meeting the challenge ofvoluntary population control

U Thant To Review DecisionTo Step Down In December

UNI'1'ED NATIONS, Sept 28, (Reuter)­U Thant will review in early December bls decision to step downas Secretary General of the United Nations at thc cnd of the yearaccording to Infonned sources here

The sources saId he had assured a number of vJslling foreignM misters of thiS while :1echmng for the time bemg to offer any formal encouragementto theIr hopes that he may ultlmately agree to accept a newterm

U Thant announced at the be­glnnmg of thIS month that hewould step down when hlS five

Assembly Agenda(Confl1wed from Page 2)

The exploration and use Qf outerspace IS stili another problem especlally In view of the momentousachievements 10 SCience and technoJogy and the strained internationalSituation It IS to be hoped that theGeneral Assembly Will take actionon the Soviet draft IOlernlltJonaltreaty on the legal prInCiples governlng the actiVity of states In theexploration and use of the Moonand ather celestIal bodies

1 he Soviet draft IS prcdJcated onthe belief that space explorationmust be exclUSively 10 the IOlerestsof pelce and progress, for the ben"fit of all mankmd ConclUSIon ofa treaty to that effect would helptowards lOternatJOnal co operallonIn space exploration for peace

And thiS In turn.. would facilitatecloser International understandingand friendshIp (New TimesUSSR) ,

"

13m certain you are aware that Ariana has NOWservice to Amritsar and once wetkly to New Delhi.ENJOY the pressu.rised comforts of DC-6 and Convair aircraft.

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Vietnam

threat to secu..ty and takmgmto account changes In lnthtaryteChnology and moblltty of theforces requIred to mamtam ade­quate deterrence an.d defence

The VatIcan announced thatthe mlSSlOn would attend an extraordmary conference to studythe problems of the Roman Cathollc Church In VIetnam

Sources at the Vatican said themISSIOn would undoubtedly seekan agreement to restore peacebetween the often clashmg Buddhlst maJonty and Cathohc mmonty there as a conlnbu~lOn to­ward the eventual end of allfight109 10 the country

There was no disclosure ofwhat other peace moves themISSIOn mIght undertake butVatican eontacts descnbed thetnp to Vietnam as of ImaJor unparlance

In Washmgton Senator J WFulbnght urged Tuesday that

the United States follow up ItsV,etnam peace proposals at theUnited NatIOns 'with some actlon-stoppmg the bombmg

Contfnll~d Irom Page IPreSIdent Johnson would fly toManila Ap.rt from brIef VISItsto nelghbourmg MeXICO andCanada It will be hIS first tnpoutsIde the UnIted States smcehe became P.resldent 10 1963

In SaIgon the South Vietnamese government Was enthusI8sttcabout the surmmt meet109, say­mg 1t would assure the Vietnam­ese people that they would notbe lonely 10 the struggle to pro­tect freedom agalJlst the commumst Invaders

A communIque saId the meetmg would create better under<tandmg between the allies andstrengthen theIr support forSouth VIetnam's effort to protectIts mdependence

MeanwhIle an AP report saIda speCial Vatican miSSion Will begOing to Vietnam Tuesday tohelp promote peace In that nahon

The reVlew the commumquecontmued should also add""",, allthe question of 'equitable shar109 of the defence and other comparable burdens and the Imp.ctof troop deployment and forcelevels of the balance of paymentsof the Umted States and Bntam

ThIS cautIOusly worded state­ment seemed to IndIcate that theW German Chancellor acceptedthe US government s posItionthat changed polttlcal and technologlcal Circumstances penmt arevJeW of the western world'smlhtary r-eqUlrements and espe­CIally the number of troops statloned In Eu rope

1 hese questions the communIque saId should be studIed bythe three powers mostly Interested In W Germany s defence!nC'ilning W Germany Itself to­gether With lhe Untted Statesand Bntaln

KABUL, Sept. 28, (Bakhtar).-A fare.well party, was given by S. F. Alam. ecUtor ofIslab, In honour of Mohammad ibrahim Abasl,

Ooveruor of Maidan and Wardak province,'Who Is a noted writer and a former officlai of

the Ministry of Information and Culture In-

The PreSIdent and the Chan­cellor agreed that It would bedeSirable to have conversatIons

In whIch the Umted Kingdomwould be InVIted to particIpatealong WIth the Federal RepublIcand the Umted States, to exam.Ine these quesbons m the conslderatlOn of whICh all the NATO"Ules WIll wish to partIcIpate,"the communique saId

ThiS part of the communiquemdlcated that Erhard compliedWIth the longstandIng JohnsonsuggestIOn that a trIpartite groupshould be fol'Illf'{i to study theproblem of force leveis In Europe m connectIOn With the budgetary burden the mamtenanceof these forces represents

I Erhard was understood to havebeen cbol to the trIpartite hand­Itng of thIS ISSue and preferredbIlateral talks WIth the UmtedStates and separately WIth BrIt~In

Child Spends WeekChained In Pigsty

VENICE, Italy, Sept. 28,(Reuter) -PoUee bave arrest­ed a farmer who they saldchained his nine-year-old sonto a ,pole in a pigsty for aweek.

The boy was obUged onchop wood and draw waterfrom sty weD with a chainaround his ankle, in the vBlage of Sumaga DI Portofrnaro near here

Johnson, Erhard To ConsiderEuropean Defence Situation

WASHINGTON, Sept. 28 (AP)­President Jobnson and Chancellor Ludwig Erhard of West Ger~anY Tuesday agreed to hold a strategIc revtew of European deence reqUIrements, taking IDto account baiance of payments

problems of the United States, Britain and the FRGThe two leaders a Jomt com

munlQue said agreed that Iotelb­SJOn In Europe 15 less acute, yeta baSIC threat to security persistsand the Atlantic alliance contmues to be the VItal condItIOn ofpeace and freedom '

The communIque saId thatJohnson and Erhard had agreedthat a searching reappraisalshould be undertaken of the

AccordIng to the draft SouthAfrIca has failed to fulfill ttsobhgatlOns m respect of the ad­mmlstratIon of the mandatedterntbry and to ellllure the mo­ral and matenal well-bemg andsecurity of the mdigenous inha­bItants of Southwest Afnca"

Ambassador Achkar Marof ofGumea declared in a spl!"ch supporting the resolution that theUnIted Nabons shotild "take overthe mandatl! by peaceful meansif pOSSIble, by force If necessary"

liberIa Was prominent amongthe natlons that decUned to spon­SOr the resolution, althouih Itfavours the same objectIve Forelgn MInISter J Rudolph Gnmescharactensed the proposal as"not reallStlcs and saId he tho­ught It was mtroduced as a bargainIng pornt tI

Achkar charged that FranceBrItall'1 .nd the UnIted Statescontinued to shIp arms to SouthAfnca

SupporUng the resolution KadhimKhalat 01 Iraq said South Alricahad treated 73 UN resolutions onSouthwest Africa with contempt

Iraq felt the Assembly should actto protect the interests of the inhabitants 01 Southwest AtTIca he.dded

G G Ponnnmbalan of Ceylon saidIt was a melancholy comment onSouth Africa s achievements that inmore than 40 years not one of themhabltants had ever Quahfied inlaw medicine engmeerlOe or evenIn dentIstry

Matgore Kallon of Slerra Leonetold the Assembly that trom avallable evidence South Atrica has setthe stage to incorporate SouthwestAfrica In an expanslomst trend

He ure:ed concerted action to ensure that the mandate which wasplaced in the unworthy hands of thegovernment of South Africa beexercised by the Umted NationsItsell

Six Nations MayMerge International

Groups In 1968BR USSELS Sept 28 (Ceteka)­

The merging of international groupsof SIX West European states theEuropean EconomJc Commurnty,the European AtomiC Energy CommUOIty and the Wesl European Coaland Steel Union IS rurrently bemgdiscussed here In connectlon wuhthe present cnsls In the coal andsteel mdustnes of these countnes

The MInisters of the SIl{ countn~s

already ga ve their consent for themergmg of these orgamsnUons In

AprIL 1965 They also .greed tucreate a new JOlol commltl~ andJOint executive

The deCISIOn has also been ratlfied by the parllamenfs of the member countries With the exception ofHolland and the new committee ofthe three merged organtsatlonshould have begua operatmg IhlSJanuary

The ensls 10 the Common Mar..ket last year. however, postponedthe Issue .nd dUrIng the 1966 .prlOgsesSIQn of the mInJslcnal councIl ofthe ComlJlon Market two basICproblems caused some controversyThe new date of the mer810g andthe candidate to chairman of thenew committee

FollowlOg the agncultural compromlsc 10 I uly It seemed the merg109 of the tbree executIves wouldbe po.tponed untIl July 1968 whenthe transItory pertod of the Com­moo Market WIll practically termI­nate and a Jomt market of Indusrnal and agricultural products wJlIbe set up

IkiefsWorld

DAMASCUS Sept 28 (DPA)­Soviet Deputy Foreign MinisterVladlmJr Seotnov began hIS poUticaltalks With Synan Prerruer YousufZeayen Bnd Forelen MinisterIbrahuTl Makhous here yesterday

LONDON Sept 28 (~utcr) -BritalO as part of her current eco-­nomiC austerity measures has already begun cuttml her 50 000troops 10 the Far East by up toabou t 20 000 men mfonned sourcessaid

The first umts began Withdrawingshortly .tter the Slgnmg 01 theBangkok agr.eement, whJch endedthe IndoneSian confrontation ofMalaYSia last month It IS expectedthat 8 000 men WIll have left bythe end of this year

Five thousand more Will be leav109 Borneo by the end of next year

STOCKHOLM Sept. 28 (DPA)­Some 300 SWedisjl blInd WIll startrecelvlOg the first talking news-­paper In the next few days TheSwedish Association for the Blindplans to Issue 1,000 such news re­cordmgs to Its members once aweek at a nommal chare:e Subs­cribers may keep the recording fortwo or three days and will thenhave to send Jt back to the orgamS8lIOn to get a new recordlDg

RAWALPINDI Sept 28 (PPA)­Soviet Deputy Forelgn MmisterFlryubm discussed' questions ofmutual mterest With PresidentMohammed Ayub Khan of Pakistanat Saldu where the PreSIdent ISrestlOg according to a Tass report.} esterday

LONDON Sept 28, (DPA)-Ronald Buster Edwards yesterdaywas remanded in custody for another week m a routlOe court pro-­cedure In Linsley Bed10rdshire HeIS bemg helel m connection WJthBrltalO S I!reat tram robbery inAugust 1963 which netted theculprits 25 nullion sterline The 35year-old Edwards lave himselt uplast week after polIce had soughthim for three years

TOKYO Sept 28 (DPA)-J ap~nese ond South Korean sh1ppinaexperts yesterday... opened a week~

long unofficlaJ conference here todiSCUSS a Wide range of sblppangproblems between the two countriesJ IJ I Press reported The confer

enece IS the first of its kind sincediplomatic relations between Japanand South Korea were normalisedlast December

NEW DELHI Sept 28 (DPA)­Umted NatJOns 8ecretary-GeneralU Thant has been awarded theIndian Jawaharlal Nehru PrIZefor mtemational understandingVH"e-Presldent Zakir Husam announced yesterday The Burmesestatesman was thus honoured espe­Cially for hIS e1Iorts for ending theVietnam War Husain said.

OSLO Sept 28 (DPA) -Nor·wegian ForeIgn Minister John LyDgWill VISit the SovIet Umon begin~

nlOg November 13 at the invitationof the Soviet government He wit:meet his Soviet counterpart AndreiGromyko and probably PremierAlexei KosYiIln The NorweaianMinister will head his country's de­legation at the Umted NationsGeneral Assembly

DUESSELDORF, Sept 28, (DPA)West German British Danish, Bel­gian and Dutch troops started aJOInt manoeuvre in the FederalGerman Repubhc s north RhineWestphalia proVlOce today to tryout movements by umtB from thevariOUS NATO countries The Bri­tIsh Air Force and a West Germanfighter bomber squadron are alsotaking part In the exercise code­n;lmed Eternal Trlan&,le Three'near the BeI2'ian border

;50 Nations, Ask Assembly ToTake Over Southwest Africa

• NEW YORK, Sept. 28, (DPA).-A group of some 50 African and Asian nations last night p~esent.

ed a draft resolution requesting the UN General Assembly to takeover the mandate given to South Ahlca over Southwest Africa

F S Arkhurs (Ghana) mtro- mend as soon as possIble a dateduced the draft on behalf of 49 for the independence of south·natIOns of the Afro-AsIan group west AfrIcaWe saId the SecurIty CouncIlshould be asked to' take theneCessary. effective measures toenable the admlmstermg autho­nty to dIscharge Its functIOns macc6rdance WIth the present resolutIon I

The resolutIon asks that theadmmlstenng authonty reco~

•

PAQE4

•

A.T THE CINEMA.ARIANA OINBIIA

At 2 5 7 30 and 9 10 pmComboned Enghsh and ltahan film

WIth FarSI IranslatlOo MANI/NALTO

PARK OINBMAAt 2 30 5 30 8 and 10 pmItalian colour cmemascopc fUm 10

FarsI LE LEGION 01 CLEOPATRA

KABUL CINEMA,At 2, 5, 7 30 p.mPaklSlam film AGKA OARYA

P4MIB CINEMAAt 2, 5 7 30 and 10 pmIndIan colour glm ZEOI

f

II

vhere

I '\f

50 nE;'

revcI reg

"tlI

at 0 a

kIlocyclefreq on ~

Ma Icr

place

(Co tel on page 4

SEPTEMJ3ER 29 1966

EDUCATIONCONQUERSMILITARY

Football has always played animportant role in Afghan schoolsIt I. one of tlie prltieipJe and themost enjoyable sports In Mghamstan as well as other countries

Smce tootball is a favourite gamefor a lot ot students there arcmany volunteers In universities andschools to play the lame

The Ministry of Education teamselected from Kabul schools IS oneof the best known tootball teamsn Kabul On Tuesday September

20th In Ghaz StadIum the Educaton team had an excitinR game Withthe MIlitary Umverslty It wasabout 4 20 pm when Ghazi StadIUm was ftlled by (ootball fans andpeople were still comIng

The game started at 4 30 pmAfter Just tour m n tea Ayub OsmaOi the Military Un verslty foryard scored u goal While both

s des : dvanced and were pushedhack the specators admlrlnR theplayers talents showed Uleir warmfeel ngs by clapp ng The Educationteam had bl e un forms the M LJteam worE;' r mson shirts

I the second half after III mutes Rahmat a 1 efto t th{"

Educat on team s 0 (" I il goaaga nst the M I tar) Three m nuteslater when the EducatlOlJ team sgoalkeeper was not n h 5 pas honthe Mil tary aImost score I aga nb t Baryalay Fullback a d Capta nof thE;' Ed at tCfim savco Igo

A Raoof 12 A AITDOWN

I A bas s for reasoning S nIh ng we bel eve be tn c.: huth Iven I proved yet

7 I want y tu beg w rk

n "Y An abbrevlal n for A.r

ghan Alr1 neslOAn hhrev It unSl: enee11 An abbrcv al on fu 1 n\O" Md te anean A rl neI To supply water bv l s g It hr d ggmg canals

17 An abbrev at a for 0 d I at n18 An abbrevlat on for road or rodI") Tl feci p8 nful regret remorse

ha v ng danc 0 6th ng wr ng

° heI Tu keep AI"

Ih ngs are sold")3 An abbrevat n furThe Rad 0 Afghan sians h660

24 He s as rail --- I am"l6 There s snow -- the ml unta ns n v nterJ7 An Ihbrev at n for r ght'"l~ If v II Ire ver.y anx ous Ils melh g yare -- to d12 Pure I y c.,;onlalOs' 7'(.N'IOandlj,AH T drink akoholle I ql r ftennd h h lUally

Pi An bbrev at un friant lum\l,h h has I h gh res slanee I Ie d17 The ~ p t II of Lebanon40 After you wish dOlhes 'Y l -

-them~ An de tr ~ current that'\ s ts d re I n r n 01 nlal nterval44 K nd (Noun)4) A wre h r fl ve-l7 Ihc xth I It:: f tht: 11

ale·W (he n ~ I syn bol for t n"0 A fr 11e w Ih Ihree legh Id ng tl" g papctrn~ i Abb cv at 0 for"Che a S) nb I

:l!) M era k vhllc.:l II n I'i5 A h nt: I r We v g I II

7 Ntn L I he rtc y wh ch arr blo u fr 11 th Jell venl d

f Ihe he Irt t III parts :If the b 'lll~

except tht 1 J;:S (F rst 4 etters)!)I T aUtmlt

,tc

kn "nut

de ded

small grey an m

hem

Student Crossword No. 15ThiS crossword was made by

ACROSSI F ne Ihreadhkc growth from

Ihe skin of people and an mals2 I 760 ---- equal one mIle3 Means average Jr n an equ:ll

level4 A large fier e \\ lid an mal5 T sm Ic n knowmg c )nce I

ed or nn( y ngly cClmplal:ent wa~

6 Ir angles hav(' tw l

cqual s de

7 -wh l:h cats I ke

8 The oppos Ie of short13 A useful metal frJm whIch to Isare made14 The cOrJntry d scovcred by ( hr stopher Columbus15 The equator dIVides the earthn -- - two equal parts

3~ L ke a 10USo, only b gger34 Chem,cal symhol for lead36 There s apple trce nour garden

16 An Ibbrevlalon for north eao;,'0 To work hard and become ve VII cd Also slang for cigaretten A k nd of turtle hVlng on land'I<i An Iiallan sClenllst who nvcnt~ Ithe first telescope and proved thcrota I on f (he earth around thesun")~ A 1 abb evan f r thpage of a bo lk10 Any hghtcr than air crafl suehus a ballo V1 ur d r g ble

38 A vasc w Ih foot or pedestalAls melal conta ner With a faue 10 serv ng coffee

11;) An mpc sonal pronoun41 A word mean ng beh nu orIhe back43 (hcm t 'yn bol f r chi r ""gas

4(VIS ( Ua 1 a 1

48 I po nt l a target or go II<iO 1 he wea her was very stormy

\\c went anyw ty (CanJune IOn)

5' My falhc my grandfather54 A s ml wh l:h shows sorrowpH n 10 shed tears~8 II s r t n og s I don lwh~lher he WIll \:om~

Science Column:Sea, Presents DifficultiesForScientific Research

MISS Shatlqa a student at theColy,go of Law left for Frante forturther studies

M 55 Simm Gham an oUlcial ofthe MInIstry of Education also leftfor France to study history

Til ~ If Ih~ s~cond SCle'ICe rol", It'

artIcle 011 oc~an08raphy Lc Iweek, a'l/de concluded wttll thehyp ),h~rls ,hat large scale n IV£'

metlt of mean Walen mtght be responnble jar long range chatlges 11tht veathtr Th.s week s articlestaler- that Juh catches m gill varylor the same reason and goes one.xplam why " U SO dllflcult to anel

lYfe Ihe clJ{~ngmg 01 Ille searThe ocean seems to he the only

pOSSible explanation for long termvanatlons In the atmusphere saidProfessor Robert Stewart of theUniversity of British Columbl8

Long range- weather forecasts arcImpOSSible Without long rnnge water

forecasts'The same holds true for fishenes

forecasts The ocean s current systerns transport larvae and ~lanktonfrom one place to anolher ~n thenhfe cycle When thiS transport doesnot take place these orgamsms uponwh fh fish feed dIe

What the ocean does to weather-and vice versa-IS a complexcause and effect rel..uonshlp whichIS not yet undeptood 10 deta I TheUn ted States Weather Bureau DrStewart reported IS now tnveshgatng the top 100 metres of the ocean

the layer darectly dnven by the wmdThiS layer he saId had been shown10 move at the rate of 10 centmctres 3 second-or half an a ea3 year

But ne one can yet explalO whyt moves Here Or Stewart re

m nded h s audience the theorelc an s faced with a rotatlOg systemThe sea s attually a flu d layer r dng on top of a spmnmg sphere and

Ilke everyth ng else n motion on rabove th s earth t comes under theConohs effect

Car 01 s was the Il;)th Centu yFrench mathemat c an who formulated a theorem explaining the tendency of movlOg objects to drift toth6- right 10 the Northern Hemlsphere and (0 tHe left 10 the Southern Hemisphere To compllt::atema~ters even further thiS tendencychanges With the lat tude of theobject

Oceanographers now have a goodgra~ of the Simpler aspects of theCOl1lohs effect but no one IS reallycomfortable With the effects of lalltud,nsl variations Dr Stewart commen'ed wryly

Equally complicated IS the task 'Ifsornng out long term from shortterm variability in the sea Dr Seew trt showed Water temperatureread ngs made between 1956 and1961 by a Canadian weather sh p ~t

Slat on Papa I SOO mIles off Ihewest coast of Canada

Mohamm~d Am10 a member otIhe Teachers Academy returnedfrom the Umted States atter studiesn teacher tra mng

Mohammad Ibrahim returnedfrom Beirut after studies 10 81rportadm1nlstratlOn and management

Mohammad Hamf water and SOlIsurvey offiCial returned from theUnited States

Abdul Rasoul RahlO statt membel' of the Collele ot Letters returled (rom the Untted States wherehe fitud ed literature and library5e ence

Mohammad Kaslm administrativemanager or the Education Presslett (or New York to study bookkeeping

Ahmad Z a Murshedt a PlanningMinistry otflClBl lett tor Poland tostud) economIc planmni:

Dr Mahmoud Torakl a phYSICianworking at WazJr Akbar Khan Hospltal lett for France to specialisen I ng disease

Thursday Sep.ember 27 a groupot 19 students trom the Umversltyot Kabul left for BeIrut

The students Will contmue theirstudies m education engineeringcommerce and publ1c administratIon The students were selected fromamong 200 who applied for thescholarships

With their arrival at the Unlver~lty of Beirut the number of AfgpanstUdent. in Befrut will Increase to5P They are all studying underUSAID programmes

(CollUnued Oil page 4)

CORRECTIONThe author of last week s es

say Nothing Beats A Team Etfort was Mohammad Kassam(not Mohammad Nasslm) ot class12 A Naderla HIgb School Theeditor apologlses tor the mlstake

a Minis­left for

methods

EDUCATION BRIEFSI

Last Wednesday September 21stthe pnmary elrls school in A1bakwas elevated to a secondary schooland 40 g rls enrolled m the seventhgrade

UN" Genj AssemblySleets Uazhwalt21"t President

The 21 st session of the United~atlOn. General Assembly electedan Afghan Abdul Rahman Pazhwak to serve as its President

Members of the United Nationschose Pazhwak to preside this .yearbecause ot his experience worldngwith tlie world bod,x for the last18 year$ and because he believes IntM policy 01 nonallanrnent

Pathwak was bom In Ghazm andwent to Hablbla High ~chool Helater became editor of !slab anddirector of Bakhtar News AeencyHe has also held positions in theForefgn Mllstry Since 1958 he hasheen head of Afahanlstan s delegatIOn to Ihe United Nations purinathat time he was chairman of theHuman Rlihts Commission f(lr oneyear and alsq led a mission to Vietnam

In hiS first speech to the GeneralAssembly: after he was elected itspreSident he urged the members tomake the 21st seSSlQD known asthe Assembly ot Reason He called the United Nations a moral force pressmg home hourly its message at the new world order Italone relJresents the aspirations ofall the peoples ot the world he said

Secretary General U Thant m hiSmessage to the UN Assembly warned o( the dangers tac ng the worldU Thant who has announced hisresignatIOn after hiS five-year termwhich \ends 10 November told thedelegates that member nations needed to change their poliCies it worldproblems were to be solved. Hepo nted out the lack ot progresstoward peace m Vietnam the tallure of some UN members to payfor UN peacekeepme costs and thespread of nuclear weapons He alsostressed the need. to settle colonialquestIOns 10 Atraca

Bes des hearmg these opemnflspeecbe~ the General Assembly adITUtted ItS llBth member Guyana 8

new nabon m South America Thenthe Assembly agreed to talk about98 dltterent subjects durin, its me­etmgs One of these is to p4;!rsuadeU Thant to stay as Secretary-General or find someone to replace himThe delegates wlll also take upqueshons such as the explorationof space and the admlsslOn at Chinato the Umted Nations

The General Assembly IS one ofthe mam bodies of the United Nat-­Ions Each year members of the UNsend a delei:ation to the GeneralAssembly session which beams mSeptember aDd lasts about threemonths Durma: these meetin&s thedelegates debate world problemsand make resolutions about themEach delegation has one vote inthiS parliament of the world

Two of the other nlaln bodies ofthe UN are the Secretariat whichis the administrative sectIon andthe Security CouncIl WhlCh is mainy responsible tor dealing With

threats to peace

Also on Wednesday Lal Mohammad 5aft and BaI. Mohammad teachers In the College at Agricultureleft for the Umted States tor further studies 10 agriculture

Returnmg to tubut last Thursdaywas Nazlr Ahmad Pakhlun a araduate of the ColJeae '" Elll,l,lleerlngwho had been In the Untted State.lor higher studies 111 electrlclll en­gineering on an AID scholarship

On Monday September 28tjl, thefollowing people either returned atter completini' their <Itudles ~broad

or left for hJgher studiesMrs Habiba Zia Popal

try 01 Education officialFrance to study education

Returnmg home on Wednesdaywere Mlr Abdul Qadir an oUielal01 lbe Mmlstry of Forelan AIfaJr.who went to the Soviet Union threeyears ago to study Ruwan lanauqeund literature and Abdullah Ornerprofessor at bacterioloiY and parasltoloU In the Colleae ot MedicineWho went to the Universlty of Lyon10 France tour years 8RO for turtherstudies

Thursday September 22nd agroup o( etiht bUdsetary and accountmg statt members at the Mintstry of Finance lett Kabul forTehran where they Will do furtherstudies in their fields Also leavingKabul was Sayed Mohsmmad Malwaod an-offICial of the Ministry ofPlannmg who went to the UnitedStales on a United Nallons fellowship to stUdy economic plannlnl'

For all countfles where the hoslcHerIS likely (0 encounter lanjU8gc dlfficultles the Handbook prOVides a fewuseful words and phrases and 10 everycase gives hps on climate foodbeaubful spots and so on ThiSvolume of the Handbook Will bereissued every second year

Chance To Traveli

~he 160 pages of the first Yolul1}e­hstmg hostels ID 27 European and Medltcrrancan countries-provide as usuala/n ,"~"pensablq ,uIde for tl\c hostcllern this par~ of the wQrldTiie~e l~ a aepat,te Volume

of the Handbook for NorthAmerICa Asia and AustralaSIa

Hostelmg OffersHostels mexpensive places for

:students to stay when traveling..are being built m many countries

A Handbook which Is publi.hed"by the Intematlonal Youth HostelFederatlOll hsts over 800 hostels In 10countnes Of all these countries Ja.panseems to catcr blfst for th~ YOUDg traveUer t boasts some 400 hostels the1f10Sl extens 'Ie network outside Europeall developed since 1954 As can beseen from the excell~nt maps at theback of lhe Handbook Ihe Japan....hostels from Abashlfl to Zao COVerIhe country s three mam Islands fairlydensely and some are even found onthe smaller Islands off the coast

Conference On Prima'¥Education Propo$e$ PlansTo Reduct! DropoUt Rates

RecenUy III a technical seminar on educattonal wastage at the firstlevel of educatIon sponsored by UNES(;;O Atghamstan was represented byDr Nalmat Pozhwak President of Secondary EducatlOn III the Ministry

at EducatlOnIn an interview With a Kabul Times reporter Pazwak sald that the

obJectives of the semmar were deslined to unprove the educational conditlons of primary schoolmg n developmg countries especIally in countrieswhere the taHure and expUlSion of students have a t:l1rect and ImportanteconomlC and naLional ellect

Last November m a conference also held in aangkok by UNESCO andsponsored by ECAJ! E the mmisters of plannine and education of Asiancountries who took part proposed toUN'J!;SCO that a technical conferell&ebe held to find the causes of the failure and expulsion of primary schoolstudents propose appropriate remedIes and discuss the educational activitIes ot primary schools

As a result another conference was sponsored 10 Baogkok trom the5th to the 12th of this September Ten Asian natlOns partlclpated III theconference Atghanistan Burma Ceylon India Iran Japan Laos MalayslDNepal and fhalland Moreover representdtlves at a number of worldorgaOlsahons attended ECA~E UNICEF the UN ASian Institute forEconomic DevelOl1menl and Planning the UN ASian Institute tor TralOlOgof Teacher Educators and the UNESCO Secretariat were among the oneswho also took part as adVisors and observers

Some of the hlghhghts of the seminar wereI To reView research and exper mental work done 10 ASian countnes

on educational wastage causedby school dropouts and retardat on at theprimary level of education

2 To analyse the d tTerent aspects of the s tuatlon3 fo develop common research programmes WblCh With ocal adapta

t oos would form the baSIS for further study by educat onal researchcentres and nsl1tultons 10 member states and

4 To develop the gUidelines and framework Cor experimental p lot proJects for the erad cation of educahonal wastaee

Accord ng to the reports presented to the semmar by the attendingcountr es failure an the primary stage of education IS more than 10 anyother stage UNESCO estamates tlaure the loss for ECAFE countries atabout 1 million dollars every year And the loss of talent and manpowers (ar mt!fre than mdlcated by the ftgure

Only 50 out of every 100 students who Jom prtmary school In Afghanstan graduate from the Sixth grade This percentage exceeds the standards

of most other ASian countries as we can see from the tollowing tableRate of Student Retention

Country Research (Grade 1 100%)8egun Grade 1 2 3 4 5 6

Afghan stan 1959 100 14 89 72 61 49Burma 1956/57 100 33 26 19Ceylon 1959 100 91 84 76 66 49Ind a 1957/ 100 61 49 42 36Iran 1959/60 100 90 87 78 70 65Pakistan 1956/57 100 46 33 26 25t lulure IS more prevalent among g rls than boys ar d more common In

ural than urban areasine sem nar a so determmed that those schoo s hav ng properly tram

cd teachers nad {ewer failures and drop-outsUr Paznwak stated that such educational wastage cannot be eradicated

comp etely tie added that these problems eXist 10 all nallons of the worldnc UdlOg OIghly developea couptnes But tnere are ways and means to

a levl8te these aunculues tto a certam extentfhe UN.t;SCQ techmcal conterence 10 Bangkok recommended that

eacn of the parllc.lpat1Og natIOns should take action by adoptmg plans to.reauce the number 01 scnool C1.I'opOUlS al:cordlng to ItS particular conditionsI h1s can only be effective when prevIOus research and mvestlgatlon has

:been done IhereIore the semrnar presented some alternaltve suggestionslOr research programmes in ts report

Four Illustrat ve projects were proposed whose prachcal aspects apply&'0 all countries 10 ASia Here 15 a summary of those proposals

PrOject No 1ThiS project focuses on Improved teachmg 10 the lower pnmary grades

the productIon of teachmg materials and automatIc promotion In these~rades

AccordlOg to th s plan n the first phase 01 primary education (thatIS the first second and third grades) students Will be automatically promoted to the r ext h gher grade Without takmg final exams After thethIrd grade after glvlOg an overall exam on the IIrst three grades Ulosestudents who pass the exam Will be promoted to a higher grade Those(ail ng w 11 have the chance to study (or one more year 10 the third gradefhe adoptIOn of thiS system Will encourage students to study harder andtheir ability can be better Judeed

Project Nu 2111 S P ogramme [o<:uses on curriculum reVISIOI U1 the lust years 01

1J nit y edu<:at onJ I s pia proposes that sl:hool curr culums should be tOl nulated

1.:0 dll clOthe ability anll nt~rest of the students The resu\ts thus gallled::!l each school should be compared w th other schoGls at' a With prevlOUS

rr (ul ms sO that the best system n ay be determ nedProject No 3

fh s proJel:t al ns at Improvement 10 the quality and ava lability oftextbooks In some pr nary schools new and readily available textbooksshould be mtroduced on a tClal bas s If theIr quality and quantity provenore useful than regular textbooks bemg used these books and other Itemsused 1,)) students should be supplied tree of charge

Project No "lilis project features an agriculturally based curr culum and automatic

~romot or 10 the tirst levels of primary educationMost of the r uUons partlclpatinJl In the semlnar were countrIes where

1.he bulk at the populatlo I 18 engoaed Ul l1Rrlculture One ot the prmcipal<.:auses for the (a.llure of their students Is the time they 1pend l1way tromst:hool worklOg m the Itelds and helpin" their tamlUes

fhe semUlur proposed that speclul schools should be estabhshed mheav Iy 8Kncullur'al areas With agricultural curriculums"and vacatIOnswhit h co nClde w th seasons of harvesUne plouahing ete

In countries where they have already been started these programmeshave shown suc<:essf I results which have decreased the dropout rate ofstudents

The partlc pants of the Bangkok sem nar expressed their hope thatLhese 1.11 ogrammes b~ implemented n every country so that their educat01al standards may Improve However It IS up to each country to decideh'>w many of these plans to undertake

1966/

But the "rowth of democracy didnot stop at the end of French Revo­lution New ideas came out at theJndustrlal revolution which markeda new erB tor the development andtesting of democracy Despite allthe problems which the Industrialera created the fire-flames of de­mocracy were not extln£uished

Ideas upo-;' which the arouplnisthemselves are formed are respected

As pointed out 111 an earlier artlele another Important contributionof' tliel French to the develop­ment of democracy Ia the stress onreason The French profell8l!d toderive their principles through reason and not through custom or historlcal precedents and claimed thatonly sihister Interestes could blindmen to truths 80 obvious

But the most significant serviceto the development of democracyperformed by the French was theexport of their ideas to other tountries of the world Afler 1789 whe,e­ever and whenever democracy slened strenath It was due to the popularlsation of the tenets of libertyequahty and frate.nlly of theFrench Revolution With all Itsdrawbacks the: French era madedemocracy a way of Ufe a necesslty for the development ot man 8 integrlty and mental and psychologlcol faculties

lunar surfaceThird whIch s clearly the

main pomt a lunar observatorywill be a manned one because onthe Moon It IS eaSIer to shIeldman from lethal cosmic radJatlOn which WIll pennlt to stayout m space for long stretches oftime

<

The main difficulty of meteorologlcal studIes from the surfaceof the Moon IS due to Its relative­ly grea t dIstance from the Earthwhich ImpaIrs resolVing power

An observer at a certain pOIntof the lunar disc Will see theEarth all the hme 10 the samesehor of the sky the apprOXImate dlSmenslOns of whIch WIllbe 20· along the azunuth and20" In heIght At each gIven moment a half of the Earth Will beVISIble and 10 the coUrse of 24hours the observer will be ableto see Its entire surface

The coast hnes of the contments gr~at cloud fonnahons assoclated WIth global clfculallonand show covered reglOns Can beclearly dIscerned even WIth anaked eye A 30 em telescopewl11 enable the observer to seeterrestrIal objects I km 10 d,ametre naturally If they are moreo~ less bnght then the background

It IS no less Important that along WIth contmual observatIonsof the Earth a lunar meteorologlcal observatory should contmually observe the sun From onepomt of the lunar surface all'lummary WIll be VISIble only for135 days TherefOle for contmubus observahons It WIll be neeessan< to t1ave three lunar stalIP1l!l ~Ituated at an angle of 120·

A lunar observatoy IS not sup­posed to replace a sy.tem of weather satelhtes Such an observa

(T he cCJlltln leel)

Dy SbaBe Rabel

PARTXvnpracUce from the individuals parlIcular 'w1U The wlU of an Individual ms)O not< be.lmmoral but Jt mB¥be dlfferent ,

Howeftt* RiluIBBaUlll\ l1tIl\Imentwas that demohacy involves mo­rality It Ir\.V1lWeS"ll h10ral obllaat­ion to sullintt Ifo' .u'oli nigu)atlonsand laWlf~thatrlan.ute"freedoinforailS It people are .incere In the..atllemp~ to detern'llne the aenerlllwill I Rou_au arllUed they willagfee amona each other that It Istheir moral obligation to ensure freedom

It i.. well mgh Impossible to expec!t in a modern democratic socie­ty that the will of all the peopleWIll be the ...me that all are boundby the will of others, that IndlviduBls.... separate persona and enUtie. h..ve nO rlaht to have sPecialand dIallnet dealrfl- Vatlaly III aprinciple of democracy Variety ofdesires Is 8B Important to the development of demoeracy 88 is thevariety of opinIon Generat ww. Inthe fOml of Reneral approach tocertain problems and Ideas In polltical groUpln2s Is necessaryBut even In political groupings whatdoes not concern the community on the whole 1S' personal Inthe same political groupinas theIdeas of the members so long asthey do not affect the harmony of

g,ven asylum With the approvallooked by most map makers at of Portugal The letter chargedthe mouth of the Congo River they took WIth them a greatseparatmg the Congo (Kinshasa) quantity of matenal mcludlngfrom the Congo (BrazzavIlle) weapons trucks aucraft and am

Th.,. new rurnbUngs from the murutlOnCongo d,stlJro many here who The letter saId that the Congofear developments WIll lead the Government and the Secretary13 milhon Congolese people fur General at that tune drew the atther down the road to chaos tenhon of the Portuguese Govmaking them easy prey to out ernment to the danger whIChSIde plotters DIplomats here the presence of such an annypomt out that the Congo-for a clOSe to ,ts terntory constItutedtime WIth the help of a UN pea for the Congo When Tshombecekeepmg for_has bel!n able became PremIer In June 1964thus far to stave off external ag the Congo letter declared hISgresslOn But each cnSlS has left troops came out of their laIrthe country In a mnre weakened m Angola Now the governmentcondition Tshombe s mternal charged Tshombe Is recrUltmgmat!euvermgs contributed to the mercenanes throughout EuropeCongo s tortured hiStory assemhlmg them at LIsbon he

fore transport to the two neIghThe charge to the Secunty bormg terntones for stagmg

CounCil was supported by a Fre- The government further chargednch roundup of a nng of 25 mer that the mercenanes are stationcenartes at a secret camp m sou ed at camps Hendnk Carvalhothem France French offiCials and Villa Luzoquoted the arrested men as ad ThIS sItuation constitutes amltting tJsey had been hired by serIOus threat to world peaceTshoml:ie to take part m an ef the letter saId bel'ause as soonfort to unseat Mobutu T.hombe as these mercenanes attack thenow hvmg 10 Madnd demed Democratic RepublIc of the Conthis The Plirtuguese have also go the Repubhc WIll conSIder Itdenred the charges self to be at war WIth Portu

The headquarters of Tshombe s galforces IS reported In the Congo Rand they are saId to moVe back epea\ed telephone calls to theand forth across the border mto Congo s UN MISSIon m New YorkAngola for an elaboratIOn of the charges

proved unproducttve There wasThe Congo letter to the Secu no answer Smce Nguza Signed

nty CounCil recalled that when the letter as actmg pennanentth~ Umted Nations put down the representative It was assumedearlier secessIOn attempts of Ka that the Ambassador Theodoretangl' ProylJlCe Tshombe trans- Idrumbulr IS eIther out of theferred four battalIons of hIS tro- c'llY or out of the country (CO­ops to Angola where they wereNTINTENTAL PRESS)

The conquest of space hy manwill clearly not be confined toflIght. In orbItal .paceshlps Thehou. IS not dIStant when man WIllstep. mto the Eartll~ natural satelhte ThIS 18' Important not onlyfor explonng the Moon but alsobt!'cause observatlO1l!l 9f the Earthfrom the Moon wlIl'''glVe a newImpetus to studIes 10 the field ofastrophYSICS geophYSICS and meteorology

The maln consldetot1on In fayour of astrophYsical and meteoro­logIcal observations from theMoon: as compared WIth SImilarobservations from the Earth andsatelhtes IS the fact that It liasno atmosphere: which greatly In

creases the spatial resolving power of Instruments

TillS adll'antage hecomes evenmore evtden! In the study of ob­Jects located at dIstances manytImes greater than that betweenthe Earth anll the Moon

The Moon alSo offers such advantages as the absence of WIndand the fact that Its gravtty 'sonly a fraction of the Earth sThIS greatly slmphlles the cons­ttW1&lQfl4i at 8ll"'ob8ervator~n and~(ii;ts ~l'OlOgiCalf ob<­~attill1& ftOltt" iii, Moon: iill/Onav!! ~"'num~ o~over.t>oliiI!!tvatlitJiil sate~

Rousseau s Ideas Influenced thedevelopment of democ:racy In twodirections on the one hand he._

cfirsnb' ..for:~'tJ-vnaq ""."~he said that the only WB¥ by whichthe aeneral will ot t.be people canbe expreaed Ia \)y thetr d\ftd 'PU"tlelpatlon In the a:u~ of the mile.on the other he stood forthe rlahla of the niln,!'l'lty He teltthat the nilnbl'lty must have place­In a democratic; system throuah therlaht tirlre.i dlscualon and aetllowIedl[emetit of oppOsItion

Put IDId moW' selentWe term.RoIlsseau b<!1leVed In"pleileselteB Hehelelvei1 all8l!m6lies Ilnd reilresentatlve bOdIes eoiIld nof ellPreaa thegeneral wlll Wba\ he feanld. wasthat tlie~ mlillit ltaeJ1..d..velop a WIll dlU.eren~ and dlAlnetfrom that or- the people who eleeted the rep......,ntatlve.

Howover... durJil.&... ttie. revolutionthe prlnolple of p1ebeselte Ot clliectdemocracy ran Into practicaL dIUI­cuilles It waa~not pOlII!bIe to eallon the electorate frequently AU fll.epeople of France could not be expected to vote. Even the general willItself could not be expected to berepresentatlve of the will of all thepeople There- are always diaentaraBesld... the gene1'81 will cannot beviewed. 88 the collectives of all mdlvldua1Jl. The general will Or thewlll for the general Intere1rlll ofthe whole comnumlly dltfJers In

Widening Collection Of Weather Data

Congo Put Back In Spotlight By New CrisisA new Congo CrlSlS IIlay

force the Umted NatIons to dlvert Its full attenhon from otherpressmg problems m southernAfrica

Observers at the UN fear the newtenSIOns buddmg up In thIS second lar~est country m AfrICa (thebIggest m area IS Sudan) mayopen the door to subversive agent. threatemng Congo s pohtlcalmdependence and WIll furtherundennme the already shakyCongo economy

The latest development IS afonnal charge to the UN SecurItyCounCIl by the Congo (Kmshasa)Government of General JosephMooutu that Portugal ", collSplrmg With MoISe Tshombe fonner.congo PremIer to overthrowthe Mohutu government Mobutu s representattve at the UN warned n a letter addressed to theCouncl1 that If Tshombe s mercenary troops-which It char,e:ed are be­mg assembled m the nelghbonngPortuguese temOOrles of Angolaand Cabmda-,mpport a Tshombemove BgllJJ18t Mobutu the Congowill conSIder Itself at war WIthPortugal

Jean Nguza Congo s actingpermanent representative at the UNsaid m the letter hIS government has proof that mercenariesrecruIted m Europe by Tshombe.are being staged m Angola andCabmda Angola IS the huge Afncan territory Just south ofthe Congo where African freedomfighters have been carrymg on aguerrilla war Bgatmt PortugueseauthOrities for more than fiveyears Cablnda IS a tmy Portuguese controllea enclave over

III III Ilflllllll

'otnewhere

With the Umted NatiOns After ritacussmg why Indonesia had decldedto eave the world body the edi

lor al said Indonesia s departurehad created a vacuum In the United,Nat ons and expressed delight that

th s vacuum has now been filledThe editorial expressed the hopethat the country Win be able to playan effectIve role amone: the nonahgned nations

different con1erences fb solve A81anproblems etc

It IS said lD the editorial that inthe op olon of the Soviet Union theUmted Nations must make it clearthat those VIolating the soverelantyand ndependence of states endaneerthe security of other peoples bearthe fullness at responslbll1ty forthe r reckless acltons and must becalled to account before mankind

The second draft resolution tabledby the Soviet Union proposes thedlsmantlmg ot rrulitary bases 1Dmdependent countnes or dependeDtterr tones n ASia Africa and LatlOArner ca

The .,l-hITd Soviet dratt resolutiondeals With atomic danaer In thJaonnechon the edItorial stresses that

the Soviet Umon uraes states agamto take whatever steps may benecessary to brio&, about an earliest<:oncluslon of a treaty to halt thespread of nuclear weapana andpendIng the conclUSIon of such Btreaty retraan from any actionsthat may hinder proliteratlon agreement

Rome 8 Nazione magazineSaturday Issue says

WJth the new proposals WashmgCan intends to clear the grounds:of what are commonly referred. toas obstacles to peace At the sametime Washington has reduced theprev ous fourteen POints to threeon the model ot U Thant s threePOints which accordme to ratherreliable sources HanOI may be wil

ng to acceptIn Belgium Le Mattn reters to

Goldberg s speech as a peace oftenslve and a dramatic surpriseadding By acceptln/{ a debatlj InIront of world opinion WUlilillIiOnIS challenging Its defracton: I

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-Horace Menn

dra Of d t I utes No Teword fs

between .sunr1se and sumet two

offered for they are gone fore

golden hours each set llIith Slxty

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Food For 'Phoil1ht

Telephone 24047SHAFIE RAJlEL EDttor

For olher numbers Out dial sWltcbhoard number 23043 24028 240?..6

elrc Itallon and Atl'lfusm,EXldn6lQll' S9

Editor til EX; ~. S8

the mandate be revoked by peaceful means Ifpossible and by force If necessar.y These delegates 1:'0 as far as recommending that a Unit­ed Nations emergency force be establlilhed forthl~ purpose and urge all countrles to contrlbute toward the IInanclng of sucli a force

The present session of the General Assemhl~ Is expected to take a linn declslolf on theIssue Any resolution that may be passed Inthis connection should alsO Indicate the meansto Implement the resolution The South Afrlcan government Is perpetuating Its reign ofterror and policies of apartheid with tbe useof arms whlcb she obtains allegedly from Dritaln France and the UnIted States Therewll1 be no hope for a IInai solution of tbe Southwest African Issue or for the ending of apartbeld policies In the territory or In South AfricaItsell so long as the racists can get the ammunition and arms they require for the enforeement of their poliCIes

It may be mentioned that Sooth Africahas already treated some 73 UN resolutions onSouthwest Africa with contempt There Isno guarantee that It wlIl not do so In thefuture Any resolutIOn that may be passed InIhc General Assembly In thIs connection hasto be followed up by practical steps supportedfaIthfully and resolutely by Its members Thevery eXIStence of a racist regime on the southern tip of the African continent is a degradingstate of aJl'atrs m the present day world Combmed world efl'orts should be directed at puttlng an end to this regIme wblch Is subJugat­Ing and oppressing IDnocent people m a mandated territory

110

the r land and what sort of seedsand hem cal fertlhser they should

Be n order to ach eve best resultsare belOg discussed at the semlDara ttended by farmers and landowners n the area The seminar ISalso useful n provlwne an oppertun ty for the farmers to presentthe r problems so that appropriatesolultons may be found for them

Yesterday s Hellwad\.....edJtoriallywe corned the reJolntne of IndoneSia

WORLD PRESSThe Iraman government has de­

c ded to allow Saudi Arabian toursts to enter and remam m Iran for

up to three months Without VisaSthe da: Iy newspaper Okaz reportedTuesday

I he latest [orelgJ pol cy n lta\les 01 Inc Lt'".">u anu me ~ovlel

governmenL the proposals made atlhe Unll~ Nauons demonstratedonte more before the whole worldthe activity ot Soviet foreign policyd reeted as t IS at strengtherung

ternaUonal frlendship world peaceand security Pravda wntes In aeadlllg article Tuesday

The newspaper POlDts to the threemajor a d ureent quest oos submltled on the IDstructlon ot theSov et government to the 21st Genearl Assembly sessIOn tor conS1deraI on 1 hey are The danger of armed nterventlon by the Imperialistforces m the home affairs of thepe<Jples provocatIons of aggressorsand the daneer of a nuclear war

In th 5 context Pravda recallsthat a year aiO the UN General A&­sembly passed a declaration on thenadmUi6lblhty of Interference l.fl

the home affairs o( states and thesafeguarding of their mdependenceand sovereignty Althouah this resolutIOn drew a majonty vote thempertahsts contmue their polley o(

Interfermg In the hame affairs ofother peoples This IS eVldenced. tormstance by the criminal aggres­sJOn of the US mpenahsts InVietnam

Pravda stresses that a statementby a U S delegate 10 the UnItedNatlons showed that the Americangovernment IS intent as before onmaking Its aggression by proposalsfor negotJabons the need to call

FOREIGN

I"URLISHINO AOENtv

•

~ 'I~';t-J ,ui e~ry 'rJ j tx~epi fr days by the Kab II T mes0,

DlJplav Col mil mch Als 100

CIa r I ed per I ne bold type Af 20l n , n f' e I es pet nsert on)

SUBSCRIPTION RATESYearly Af 1000~f_~y M ~

')y.'te,ly M 300

"

THEhKfABUL lnMESPhi

The questIon of Southwest Africa Is onceagalD ID the hmehght A group of pO Africanand tl\~lan nations has presented a draft resolutum requesting tbe UN General Assembly totak.. over the mandate given to Soutb Afrleaover Southwest Africa Earlier almost all delegates walked out of the Assembly hall whenthe South African delegate started defendhlghis government's policies regarding SouthwestAfrica The fact that the question of Soulhwest Africa has been given top priority In theGeneral Assembly discussions Shows the urgenllY of the Issue and Impatience of the Unitcd lIIailolls mllmbers to see an equitable. solutlon follJld for ~ problem

Earlier thls"'¥'fP.r the World Court at theHallRe took up'tlle question of SouthlAestAfrklt .at the recommendation of EthJopla andliberia two members of the former Leagueof Natlons which gave South AfrIca the mandaAPto admmlster the territory The dellberatlOn which took place after two years of researclt on the state of albns ID Southwt'slAfrica was frustratmg to the majority of peoplcs and natIons 1D the world The court ruledthat. ethIopIa and LIberia had no nght to askthe ClOurt to dehberate on the Issue of Southwest Africa only the Council of the League ofNatillns had the right to hrmg the case heforethe ~urt

H has now been proved beyond any doubtthat -SOuth Afnca has failed to fullli Its obllgalions In respect to the admlnlstratlon of themaQaated terntory and to ensure the moraland Inatenal wellbelDg and securIty of the Indlgenous Inhabitants of Southwest Afnca. This ISwhy some ot the dt!legates are detenmned that

Making South Mrica Behave

HOME PRESS AT A GLANCE

ADVERTISING RATES

Today s lsloh carries an edltonalun the quest on of SouthwestACrlca After g v ng some backgrOl.,I,nd mformatlOn on the h storyand latest developments ree:ardmgthe question of Southwest AIr eathE! -edJtorial sa d the General AssemblY of the Umted NatIons sexpected to make a Just and determ ned deciSion lfl order to put anenQ to the admlfllstration of SouthAfr-Ica over the mandated terntoryso that the people of SouthwestAfr C8 may determ ne their ownr ture

Yes..terday s A lS carr ed an ed1tor aJ entatied A£rlcultural SemmarsW th. UJe constant nse of populalIoo- It said the problem of procurng enou£h food 1S growmg To solve

tbe problem t IS first necessary tocarry oot "elalled and sc entlfiestud es of ways of IOcreas ng productiO!l Efforts should be. made totak-:- .practical steps Our farmersst It. use traditional methods of land

ul.tt\ttiUon relying on their personalexpi"r1ence or what they have learned from the r fathers The oldfasf'l1(lned methods of land cult vaI on and the few out dated tools atthe r a Sposa 11m t the pro6ress ourfarmers can make

S nee farmers <:onstltute the t:reatmaJOrity of our populat on and theefforts are nstrumental in strengther\wg our nahonal econom) the/<: ve<rnment has deCided to deve opagr'i.cUlttlrfr throughout the countr), $ b'trlanced wa) Pr me Mlfllster

Moh.ammad Hash rn Ma wandwahas'f' linnOlJDoed thai mechan Saton: o( agriculture use of Improvedseedif <tno modern methods of irrlgat uri will <:onstitute the maIO hnes

f h S 3encultural reform pro£ram,Th~ editor al emphaSised the role

f niH('ultural semlOars In asmstlngt.I d I:thd t ~ the lJroducer class Thped tor a po ted out the positive('Ire ts of su h semInars that have~ reaA,x been held in the capital andmentioned tha\ the Mlfllstry ofAfttwulture and Irr gatlOn has doneweU to hold 5 mllar sem nars n thepro,,!vces

Tt'¥' agricultural semlOa,:- which ISu rrently n sess on n Kunduz 19

a med at ntroducIng better methods)f latrd cult Val On Il the peopleHow they should ftJ{ht agriculturald sJi/ses how lbey should plough, ..

\"b '

g ),=" (~ /\1. Yearly $ 40~ ",,,..~I r y , $ 25

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SEPTEMJ3ER 29 1966

EDUCATIONCONQUERSMILITARY

Football has always played animportant role in Afghan schoolsIt I. one of tlie prltieipJe and themost enjoyable sports In Mghamstan as well as other countries

Smce tootball is a favourite gamefor a lot ot students there arcmany volunteers In universities andschools to play the lame

The Ministry of Education teamselected from Kabul schools IS oneof the best known tootball teamsn Kabul On Tuesday September

20th In Ghaz StadIum the Educaton team had an excitinR game Withthe MIlitary Umverslty It wasabout 4 20 pm when Ghazi StadIUm was ftlled by (ootball fans andpeople were still comIng

The game started at 4 30 pmAfter Just tour m n tea Ayub OsmaOi the Military Un verslty foryard scored u goal While both

s des : dvanced and were pushedhack the specators admlrlnR theplayers talents showed Uleir warmfeel ngs by clapp ng The Educationteam had bl e un forms the M LJteam worE;' r mson shirts

I the second half after III mutes Rahmat a 1 efto t th{"

Educat on team s 0 (" I il goaaga nst the M I tar) Three m nuteslater when the EducatlOlJ team sgoalkeeper was not n h 5 pas honthe Mil tary aImost score I aga nb t Baryalay Fullback a d Capta nof thE;' Ed at tCfim savco Igo

A Raoof 12 A AITDOWN

I A bas s for reasoning S nIh ng we bel eve be tn c.: huth Iven I proved yet

7 I want y tu beg w rk

n "Y An abbrevlal n for A.r

ghan Alr1 neslOAn hhrev It unSl: enee11 An abbrcv al on fu 1 n\O" Md te anean A rl neI To supply water bv l s g It hr d ggmg canals

17 An abbrev at a for 0 d I at n18 An abbrevlat on for road or rodI") Tl feci p8 nful regret remorse

ha v ng danc 0 6th ng wr ng

° heI Tu keep AI"

Ih ngs are sold")3 An abbrevat n furThe Rad 0 Afghan sians h660

24 He s as rail --- I am"l6 There s snow -- the ml unta ns n v nterJ7 An Ihbrev at n for r ght'"l~ If v II Ire ver.y anx ous Ils melh g yare -- to d12 Pure I y c.,;onlalOs' 7'(.N'IOandlj,AH T drink akoholle I ql r ftennd h h lUally

Pi An bbrev at un friant lum\l,h h has I h gh res slanee I Ie d17 The ~ p t II of Lebanon40 After you wish dOlhes 'Y l -

-them~ An de tr ~ current that'\ s ts d re I n r n 01 nlal nterval44 K nd (Noun)4) A wre h r fl ve-l7 Ihc xth I It:: f tht: 11

ale·W (he n ~ I syn bol for t n"0 A fr 11e w Ih Ihree legh Id ng tl" g papctrn~ i Abb cv at 0 for"Che a S) nb I

:l!) M era k vhllc.:l II n I'i5 A h nt: I r We v g I II

7 Ntn L I he rtc y wh ch arr blo u fr 11 th Jell venl d

f Ihe he Irt t III parts :If the b 'lll~

except tht 1 J;:S (F rst 4 etters)!)I T aUtmlt

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Student Crossword No. 15ThiS crossword was made by

ACROSSI F ne Ihreadhkc growth from

Ihe skin of people and an mals2 I 760 ---- equal one mIle3 Means average Jr n an equ:ll

level4 A large fier e \\ lid an mal5 T sm Ic n knowmg c )nce I

ed or nn( y ngly cClmplal:ent wa~

6 Ir angles hav(' tw l

cqual s de

7 -wh l:h cats I ke

8 The oppos Ie of short13 A useful metal frJm whIch to Isare made14 The cOrJntry d scovcred by ( hr stopher Columbus15 The equator dIVides the earthn -- - two equal parts

3~ L ke a 10USo, only b gger34 Chem,cal symhol for lead36 There s apple trce nour garden

16 An Ibbrevlalon for north eao;,'0 To work hard and become ve VII cd Also slang for cigaretten A k nd of turtle hVlng on land'I<i An Iiallan sClenllst who nvcnt~ Ithe first telescope and proved thcrota I on f (he earth around thesun")~ A 1 abb evan f r thpage of a bo lk10 Any hghtcr than air crafl suehus a ballo V1 ur d r g ble

38 A vasc w Ih foot or pedestalAls melal conta ner With a faue 10 serv ng coffee

11;) An mpc sonal pronoun41 A word mean ng beh nu orIhe back43 (hcm t 'yn bol f r chi r ""gas

4(VIS ( Ua 1 a 1

48 I po nt l a target or go II<iO 1 he wea her was very stormy

\\c went anyw ty (CanJune IOn)

5' My falhc my grandfather54 A s ml wh l:h shows sorrowpH n 10 shed tears~8 II s r t n og s I don lwh~lher he WIll \:om~

Science Column:Sea, Presents DifficultiesForScientific Research

MISS Shatlqa a student at theColy,go of Law left for Frante forturther studies

M 55 Simm Gham an oUlcial ofthe MInIstry of Education also leftfor France to study history

Til ~ If Ih~ s~cond SCle'ICe rol", It'

artIcle 011 oc~an08raphy Lc Iweek, a'l/de concluded wttll thehyp ),h~rls ,hat large scale n IV£'

metlt of mean Walen mtght be responnble jar long range chatlges 11tht veathtr Th.s week s articlestaler- that Juh catches m gill varylor the same reason and goes one.xplam why " U SO dllflcult to anel

lYfe Ihe clJ{~ngmg 01 Ille searThe ocean seems to he the only

pOSSible explanation for long termvanatlons In the atmusphere saidProfessor Robert Stewart of theUniversity of British Columbl8

Long range- weather forecasts arcImpOSSible Without long rnnge water

forecasts'The same holds true for fishenes

forecasts The ocean s current systerns transport larvae and ~lanktonfrom one place to anolher ~n thenhfe cycle When thiS transport doesnot take place these orgamsms uponwh fh fish feed dIe

What the ocean does to weather-and vice versa-IS a complexcause and effect rel..uonshlp whichIS not yet undeptood 10 deta I TheUn ted States Weather Bureau DrStewart reported IS now tnveshgatng the top 100 metres of the ocean

the layer darectly dnven by the wmdThiS layer he saId had been shown10 move at the rate of 10 centmctres 3 second-or half an a ea3 year

But ne one can yet explalO whyt moves Here Or Stewart re

m nded h s audience the theorelc an s faced with a rotatlOg systemThe sea s attually a flu d layer r dng on top of a spmnmg sphere and

Ilke everyth ng else n motion on rabove th s earth t comes under theConohs effect

Car 01 s was the Il;)th Centu yFrench mathemat c an who formulated a theorem explaining the tendency of movlOg objects to drift toth6- right 10 the Northern Hemlsphere and (0 tHe left 10 the Southern Hemisphere To compllt::atema~ters even further thiS tendencychanges With the lat tude of theobject

Oceanographers now have a goodgra~ of the Simpler aspects of theCOl1lohs effect but no one IS reallycomfortable With the effects of lalltud,nsl variations Dr Stewart commen'ed wryly

Equally complicated IS the task 'Ifsornng out long term from shortterm variability in the sea Dr Seew trt showed Water temperatureread ngs made between 1956 and1961 by a Canadian weather sh p ~t

Slat on Papa I SOO mIles off Ihewest coast of Canada

Mohamm~d Am10 a member otIhe Teachers Academy returnedfrom the Umted States atter studiesn teacher tra mng

Mohammad Ibrahim returnedfrom Beirut after studies 10 81rportadm1nlstratlOn and management

Mohammad Hamf water and SOlIsurvey offiCial returned from theUnited States

Abdul Rasoul RahlO statt membel' of the Collele ot Letters returled (rom the Untted States wherehe fitud ed literature and library5e ence

Mohammad Kaslm administrativemanager or the Education Presslett (or New York to study bookkeeping

Ahmad Z a Murshedt a PlanningMinistry otflClBl lett tor Poland tostud) economIc planmni:

Dr Mahmoud Torakl a phYSICianworking at WazJr Akbar Khan Hospltal lett for France to specialisen I ng disease

Thursday Sep.ember 27 a groupot 19 students trom the Umversltyot Kabul left for BeIrut

The students Will contmue theirstudies m education engineeringcommerce and publ1c administratIon The students were selected fromamong 200 who applied for thescholarships

With their arrival at the Unlver~lty of Beirut the number of AfgpanstUdent. in Befrut will Increase to5P They are all studying underUSAID programmes

(CollUnued Oil page 4)

CORRECTIONThe author of last week s es

say Nothing Beats A Team Etfort was Mohammad Kassam(not Mohammad Nasslm) ot class12 A Naderla HIgb School Theeditor apologlses tor the mlstake

a Minis­left for

methods

EDUCATION BRIEFSI

Last Wednesday September 21stthe pnmary elrls school in A1bakwas elevated to a secondary schooland 40 g rls enrolled m the seventhgrade

UN" Genj AssemblySleets Uazhwalt21"t President

The 21 st session of the United~atlOn. General Assembly electedan Afghan Abdul Rahman Pazhwak to serve as its President

Members of the United Nationschose Pazhwak to preside this .yearbecause ot his experience worldngwith tlie world bod,x for the last18 year$ and because he believes IntM policy 01 nonallanrnent

Pathwak was bom In Ghazm andwent to Hablbla High ~chool Helater became editor of !slab anddirector of Bakhtar News AeencyHe has also held positions in theForefgn Mllstry Since 1958 he hasheen head of Afahanlstan s delegatIOn to Ihe United Nations purinathat time he was chairman of theHuman Rlihts Commission f(lr oneyear and alsq led a mission to Vietnam

In hiS first speech to the GeneralAssembly: after he was elected itspreSident he urged the members tomake the 21st seSSlQD known asthe Assembly ot Reason He called the United Nations a moral force pressmg home hourly its message at the new world order Italone relJresents the aspirations ofall the peoples ot the world he said

Secretary General U Thant m hiSmessage to the UN Assembly warned o( the dangers tac ng the worldU Thant who has announced hisresignatIOn after hiS five-year termwhich \ends 10 November told thedelegates that member nations needed to change their poliCies it worldproblems were to be solved. Hepo nted out the lack ot progresstoward peace m Vietnam the tallure of some UN members to payfor UN peacekeepme costs and thespread of nuclear weapons He alsostressed the need. to settle colonialquestIOns 10 Atraca

Bes des hearmg these opemnflspeecbe~ the General Assembly adITUtted ItS llBth member Guyana 8

new nabon m South America Thenthe Assembly agreed to talk about98 dltterent subjects durin, its me­etmgs One of these is to p4;!rsuadeU Thant to stay as Secretary-General or find someone to replace himThe delegates wlll also take upqueshons such as the explorationof space and the admlsslOn at Chinato the Umted Nations

The General Assembly IS one ofthe mam bodies of the United Nat-­Ions Each year members of the UNsend a delei:ation to the GeneralAssembly session which beams mSeptember aDd lasts about threemonths Durma: these meetin&s thedelegates debate world problemsand make resolutions about themEach delegation has one vote inthiS parliament of the world

Two of the other nlaln bodies ofthe UN are the Secretariat whichis the administrative sectIon andthe Security CouncIl WhlCh is mainy responsible tor dealing With

threats to peace

Also on Wednesday Lal Mohammad 5aft and BaI. Mohammad teachers In the College at Agricultureleft for the Umted States tor further studies 10 agriculture

Returnmg to tubut last Thursdaywas Nazlr Ahmad Pakhlun a araduate of the ColJeae '" Elll,l,lleerlngwho had been In the Untted State.lor higher studies 111 electrlclll en­gineering on an AID scholarship

On Monday September 28tjl, thefollowing people either returned atter completini' their <Itudles ~broad

or left for hJgher studiesMrs Habiba Zia Popal

try 01 Education officialFrance to study education

Returnmg home on Wednesdaywere Mlr Abdul Qadir an oUielal01 lbe Mmlstry of Forelan AIfaJr.who went to the Soviet Union threeyears ago to study Ruwan lanauqeund literature and Abdullah Ornerprofessor at bacterioloiY and parasltoloU In the Colleae ot MedicineWho went to the Universlty of Lyon10 France tour years 8RO for turtherstudies

Thursday September 22nd agroup o( etiht bUdsetary and accountmg statt members at the Mintstry of Finance lett Kabul forTehran where they Will do furtherstudies in their fields Also leavingKabul was Sayed Mohsmmad Malwaod an-offICial of the Ministry ofPlannmg who went to the UnitedStales on a United Nallons fellowship to stUdy economic plannlnl'

For all countfles where the hoslcHerIS likely (0 encounter lanjU8gc dlfficultles the Handbook prOVides a fewuseful words and phrases and 10 everycase gives hps on climate foodbeaubful spots and so on ThiSvolume of the Handbook Will bereissued every second year

Chance To Traveli

~he 160 pages of the first Yolul1}e­hstmg hostels ID 27 European and Medltcrrancan countries-provide as usuala/n ,"~"pensablq ,uIde for tl\c hostcllern this par~ of the wQrldTiie~e l~ a aepat,te Volume

of the Handbook for NorthAmerICa Asia and AustralaSIa

Hostelmg OffersHostels mexpensive places for

:students to stay when traveling..are being built m many countries

A Handbook which Is publi.hed"by the Intematlonal Youth HostelFederatlOll hsts over 800 hostels In 10countnes Of all these countries Ja.panseems to catcr blfst for th~ YOUDg traveUer t boasts some 400 hostels the1f10Sl extens 'Ie network outside Europeall developed since 1954 As can beseen from the excell~nt maps at theback of lhe Handbook Ihe Japan....hostels from Abashlfl to Zao COVerIhe country s three mam Islands fairlydensely and some are even found onthe smaller Islands off the coast

Conference On Prima'¥Education Propo$e$ PlansTo Reduct! DropoUt Rates

RecenUy III a technical seminar on educattonal wastage at the firstlevel of educatIon sponsored by UNES(;;O Atghamstan was represented byDr Nalmat Pozhwak President of Secondary EducatlOn III the Ministry

at EducatlOnIn an interview With a Kabul Times reporter Pazwak sald that the

obJectives of the semmar were deslined to unprove the educational conditlons of primary schoolmg n developmg countries especIally in countrieswhere the taHure and expUlSion of students have a t:l1rect and ImportanteconomlC and naLional ellect

Last November m a conference also held in aangkok by UNESCO andsponsored by ECAJ! E the mmisters of plannine and education of Asiancountries who took part proposed toUN'J!;SCO that a technical conferell&ebe held to find the causes of the failure and expulsion of primary schoolstudents propose appropriate remedIes and discuss the educational activitIes ot primary schools

As a result another conference was sponsored 10 Baogkok trom the5th to the 12th of this September Ten Asian natlOns partlclpated III theconference Atghanistan Burma Ceylon India Iran Japan Laos MalayslDNepal and fhalland Moreover representdtlves at a number of worldorgaOlsahons attended ECA~E UNICEF the UN ASian Institute forEconomic DevelOl1menl and Planning the UN ASian Institute tor TralOlOgof Teacher Educators and the UNESCO Secretariat were among the oneswho also took part as adVisors and observers

Some of the hlghhghts of the seminar wereI To reView research and exper mental work done 10 ASian countnes

on educational wastage causedby school dropouts and retardat on at theprimary level of education

2 To analyse the d tTerent aspects of the s tuatlon3 fo develop common research programmes WblCh With ocal adapta

t oos would form the baSIS for further study by educat onal researchcentres and nsl1tultons 10 member states and

4 To develop the gUidelines and framework Cor experimental p lot proJects for the erad cation of educahonal wastaee

Accord ng to the reports presented to the semmar by the attendingcountr es failure an the primary stage of education IS more than 10 anyother stage UNESCO estamates tlaure the loss for ECAFE countries atabout 1 million dollars every year And the loss of talent and manpowers (ar mt!fre than mdlcated by the ftgure

Only 50 out of every 100 students who Jom prtmary school In Afghanstan graduate from the Sixth grade This percentage exceeds the standards

of most other ASian countries as we can see from the tollowing tableRate of Student Retention

Country Research (Grade 1 100%)8egun Grade 1 2 3 4 5 6

Afghan stan 1959 100 14 89 72 61 49Burma 1956/57 100 33 26 19Ceylon 1959 100 91 84 76 66 49Ind a 1957/ 100 61 49 42 36Iran 1959/60 100 90 87 78 70 65Pakistan 1956/57 100 46 33 26 25t lulure IS more prevalent among g rls than boys ar d more common In

ural than urban areasine sem nar a so determmed that those schoo s hav ng properly tram

cd teachers nad {ewer failures and drop-outsUr Paznwak stated that such educational wastage cannot be eradicated

comp etely tie added that these problems eXist 10 all nallons of the worldnc UdlOg OIghly developea couptnes But tnere are ways and means to

a levl8te these aunculues tto a certam extentfhe UN.t;SCQ techmcal conterence 10 Bangkok recommended that

eacn of the parllc.lpat1Og natIOns should take action by adoptmg plans to.reauce the number 01 scnool C1.I'opOUlS al:cordlng to ItS particular conditionsI h1s can only be effective when prevIOus research and mvestlgatlon has

:been done IhereIore the semrnar presented some alternaltve suggestionslOr research programmes in ts report

Four Illustrat ve projects were proposed whose prachcal aspects apply&'0 all countries 10 ASia Here 15 a summary of those proposals

PrOject No 1ThiS project focuses on Improved teachmg 10 the lower pnmary grades

the productIon of teachmg materials and automatIc promotion In these~rades

AccordlOg to th s plan n the first phase 01 primary education (thatIS the first second and third grades) students Will be automatically promoted to the r ext h gher grade Without takmg final exams After thethIrd grade after glvlOg an overall exam on the IIrst three grades Ulosestudents who pass the exam Will be promoted to a higher grade Those(ail ng w 11 have the chance to study (or one more year 10 the third gradefhe adoptIOn of thiS system Will encourage students to study harder andtheir ability can be better Judeed

Project Nu 2111 S P ogramme [o<:uses on curriculum reVISIOI U1 the lust years 01

1J nit y edu<:at onJ I s pia proposes that sl:hool curr culums should be tOl nulated

1.:0 dll clOthe ability anll nt~rest of the students The resu\ts thus gallled::!l each school should be compared w th other schoGls at' a With prevlOUS

rr (ul ms sO that the best system n ay be determ nedProject No 3

fh s proJel:t al ns at Improvement 10 the quality and ava lability oftextbooks In some pr nary schools new and readily available textbooksshould be mtroduced on a tClal bas s If theIr quality and quantity provenore useful than regular textbooks bemg used these books and other Itemsused 1,)) students should be supplied tree of charge

Project No "lilis project features an agriculturally based curr culum and automatic

~romot or 10 the tirst levels of primary educationMost of the r uUons partlclpatinJl In the semlnar were countrIes where

1.he bulk at the populatlo I 18 engoaed Ul l1Rrlculture One ot the prmcipal<.:auses for the (a.llure of their students Is the time they 1pend l1way tromst:hool worklOg m the Itelds and helpin" their tamlUes

fhe semUlur proposed that speclul schools should be estabhshed mheav Iy 8Kncullur'al areas With agricultural curriculums"and vacatIOnswhit h co nClde w th seasons of harvesUne plouahing ete

In countries where they have already been started these programmeshave shown suc<:essf I results which have decreased the dropout rate ofstudents

The partlc pants of the Bangkok sem nar expressed their hope thatLhese 1.11 ogrammes b~ implemented n every country so that their educat01al standards may Improve However It IS up to each country to decideh'>w many of these plans to undertake

1966/

But the "rowth of democracy didnot stop at the end of French Revo­lution New ideas came out at theJndustrlal revolution which markeda new erB tor the development andtesting of democracy Despite allthe problems which the Industrialera created the fire-flames of de­mocracy were not extln£uished

Ideas upo-;' which the arouplnisthemselves are formed are respected

As pointed out 111 an earlier artlele another Important contributionof' tliel French to the develop­ment of democracy Ia the stress onreason The French profell8l!d toderive their principles through reason and not through custom or historlcal precedents and claimed thatonly sihister Interestes could blindmen to truths 80 obvious

But the most significant serviceto the development of democracyperformed by the French was theexport of their ideas to other tountries of the world Afler 1789 whe,e­ever and whenever democracy slened strenath It was due to the popularlsation of the tenets of libertyequahty and frate.nlly of theFrench Revolution With all Itsdrawbacks the: French era madedemocracy a way of Ufe a necesslty for the development ot man 8 integrlty and mental and psychologlcol faculties

lunar surfaceThird whIch s clearly the

main pomt a lunar observatorywill be a manned one because onthe Moon It IS eaSIer to shIeldman from lethal cosmic radJatlOn which WIll pennlt to stayout m space for long stretches oftime

<

The main difficulty of meteorologlcal studIes from the surfaceof the Moon IS due to Its relative­ly grea t dIstance from the Earthwhich ImpaIrs resolVing power

An observer at a certain pOIntof the lunar disc Will see theEarth all the hme 10 the samesehor of the sky the apprOXImate dlSmenslOns of whIch WIllbe 20· along the azunuth and20" In heIght At each gIven moment a half of the Earth Will beVISIble and 10 the coUrse of 24hours the observer will be ableto see Its entire surface

The coast hnes of the contments gr~at cloud fonnahons assoclated WIth global clfculallonand show covered reglOns Can beclearly dIscerned even WIth anaked eye A 30 em telescopewl11 enable the observer to seeterrestrIal objects I km 10 d,ametre naturally If they are moreo~ less bnght then the background

It IS no less Important that along WIth contmual observatIonsof the Earth a lunar meteorologlcal observatory should contmually observe the sun From onepomt of the lunar surface all'lummary WIll be VISIble only for135 days TherefOle for contmubus observahons It WIll be neeessan< to t1ave three lunar stalIP1l!l ~Ituated at an angle of 120·

A lunar observatoy IS not sup­posed to replace a sy.tem of weather satelhtes Such an observa

(T he cCJlltln leel)

Dy SbaBe Rabel

PARTXvnpracUce from the individuals parlIcular 'w1U The wlU of an Individual ms)O not< be.lmmoral but Jt mB¥be dlfferent ,

Howeftt* RiluIBBaUlll\ l1tIl\Imentwas that demohacy involves mo­rality It Ir\.V1lWeS"ll h10ral obllaat­ion to sullintt Ifo' .u'oli nigu)atlonsand laWlf~thatrlan.ute"freedoinforailS It people are .incere In the..atllemp~ to detern'llne the aenerlllwill I Rou_au arllUed they willagfee amona each other that It Istheir moral obligation to ensure freedom

It i.. well mgh Impossible to expec!t in a modern democratic socie­ty that the will of all the peopleWIll be the ...me that all are boundby the will of others, that IndlviduBls.... separate persona and enUtie. h..ve nO rlaht to have sPecialand dIallnet dealrfl- Vatlaly III aprinciple of democracy Variety ofdesires Is 8B Important to the development of demoeracy 88 is thevariety of opinIon Generat ww. Inthe fOml of Reneral approach tocertain problems and Ideas In polltical groUpln2s Is necessaryBut even In political groupings whatdoes not concern the community on the whole 1S' personal Inthe same political groupinas theIdeas of the members so long asthey do not affect the harmony of

g,ven asylum With the approvallooked by most map makers at of Portugal The letter chargedthe mouth of the Congo River they took WIth them a greatseparatmg the Congo (Kinshasa) quantity of matenal mcludlngfrom the Congo (BrazzavIlle) weapons trucks aucraft and am

Th.,. new rurnbUngs from the murutlOnCongo d,stlJro many here who The letter saId that the Congofear developments WIll lead the Government and the Secretary13 milhon Congolese people fur General at that tune drew the atther down the road to chaos tenhon of the Portuguese Govmaking them easy prey to out ernment to the danger whIChSIde plotters DIplomats here the presence of such an annypomt out that the Congo-for a clOSe to ,ts terntory constItutedtime WIth the help of a UN pea for the Congo When Tshombecekeepmg for_has bel!n able became PremIer In June 1964thus far to stave off external ag the Congo letter declared hISgresslOn But each cnSlS has left troops came out of their laIrthe country In a mnre weakened m Angola Now the governmentcondition Tshombe s mternal charged Tshombe Is recrUltmgmat!euvermgs contributed to the mercenanes throughout EuropeCongo s tortured hiStory assemhlmg them at LIsbon he

fore transport to the two neIghThe charge to the Secunty bormg terntones for stagmg

CounCil was supported by a Fre- The government further chargednch roundup of a nng of 25 mer that the mercenanes are stationcenartes at a secret camp m sou ed at camps Hendnk Carvalhothem France French offiCials and Villa Luzoquoted the arrested men as ad ThIS sItuation constitutes amltting tJsey had been hired by serIOus threat to world peaceTshoml:ie to take part m an ef the letter saId bel'ause as soonfort to unseat Mobutu T.hombe as these mercenanes attack thenow hvmg 10 Madnd demed Democratic RepublIc of the Conthis The Plirtuguese have also go the Repubhc WIll conSIder Itdenred the charges self to be at war WIth Portu

The headquarters of Tshombe s galforces IS reported In the Congo Rand they are saId to moVe back epea\ed telephone calls to theand forth across the border mto Congo s UN MISSIon m New YorkAngola for an elaboratIOn of the charges

proved unproducttve There wasThe Congo letter to the Secu no answer Smce Nguza Signed

nty CounCil recalled that when the letter as actmg pennanentth~ Umted Nations put down the representative It was assumedearlier secessIOn attempts of Ka that the Ambassador Theodoretangl' ProylJlCe Tshombe trans- Idrumbulr IS eIther out of theferred four battalIons of hIS tro- c'llY or out of the country (CO­ops to Angola where they wereNTINTENTAL PRESS)

The conquest of space hy manwill clearly not be confined toflIght. In orbItal .paceshlps Thehou. IS not dIStant when man WIllstep. mto the Eartll~ natural satelhte ThIS 18' Important not onlyfor explonng the Moon but alsobt!'cause observatlO1l!l 9f the Earthfrom the Moon wlIl'''glVe a newImpetus to studIes 10 the field ofastrophYSICS geophYSICS and meteorology

The maln consldetot1on In fayour of astrophYsical and meteoro­logIcal observations from theMoon: as compared WIth SImilarobservations from the Earth andsatelhtes IS the fact that It liasno atmosphere: which greatly In

creases the spatial resolving power of Instruments

TillS adll'antage hecomes evenmore evtden! In the study of ob­Jects located at dIstances manytImes greater than that betweenthe Earth anll the Moon

The Moon alSo offers such advantages as the absence of WIndand the fact that Its gravtty 'sonly a fraction of the Earth sThIS greatly slmphlles the cons­ttW1&lQfl4i at 8ll"'ob8ervator~n and~(ii;ts ~l'OlOgiCalf ob<­~attill1& ftOltt" iii, Moon: iill/Onav!! ~"'num~ o~over.t>oliiI!!tvatlitJiil sate~

Rousseau s Ideas Influenced thedevelopment of democ:racy In twodirections on the one hand he._

cfirsnb' ..for:~'tJ-vnaq ""."~he said that the only WB¥ by whichthe aeneral will ot t.be people canbe expreaed Ia \)y thetr d\ftd 'PU"tlelpatlon In the a:u~ of the mile.on the other he stood forthe rlahla of the niln,!'l'lty He teltthat the nilnbl'lty must have place­In a democratic; system throuah therlaht tirlre.i dlscualon and aetllowIedl[emetit of oppOsItion

Put IDId moW' selentWe term.RoIlsseau b<!1leVed In"pleileselteB Hehelelvei1 all8l!m6lies Ilnd reilresentatlve bOdIes eoiIld nof ellPreaa thegeneral wlll Wba\ he feanld. wasthat tlie~ mlillit ltaeJ1..d..velop a WIll dlU.eren~ and dlAlnetfrom that or- the people who eleeted the rep......,ntatlve.

Howover... durJil.&... ttie. revolutionthe prlnolple of p1ebeselte Ot clliectdemocracy ran Into practicaL dIUI­cuilles It waa~not pOlII!bIe to eallon the electorate frequently AU fll.epeople of France could not be expected to vote. Even the general willItself could not be expected to berepresentatlve of the will of all thepeople There- are always diaentaraBesld... the gene1'81 will cannot beviewed. 88 the collectives of all mdlvldua1Jl. The general will Or thewlll for the general Intere1rlll ofthe whole comnumlly dltfJers In

Widening Collection Of Weather Data

Congo Put Back In Spotlight By New CrisisA new Congo CrlSlS IIlay

force the Umted NatIons to dlvert Its full attenhon from otherpressmg problems m southernAfrica

Observers at the UN fear the newtenSIOns buddmg up In thIS second lar~est country m AfrICa (thebIggest m area IS Sudan) mayopen the door to subversive agent. threatemng Congo s pohtlcalmdependence and WIll furtherundennme the already shakyCongo economy

The latest development IS afonnal charge to the UN SecurItyCounCIl by the Congo (Kmshasa)Government of General JosephMooutu that Portugal ", collSplrmg With MoISe Tshombe fonner.congo PremIer to overthrowthe Mohutu government Mobutu s representattve at the UN warned n a letter addressed to theCouncl1 that If Tshombe s mercenary troops-which It char,e:ed are be­mg assembled m the nelghbonngPortuguese temOOrles of Angolaand Cabmda-,mpport a Tshombemove BgllJJ18t Mobutu the Congowill conSIder Itself at war WIthPortugal

Jean Nguza Congo s actingpermanent representative at the UNsaid m the letter hIS government has proof that mercenariesrecruIted m Europe by Tshombe.are being staged m Angola andCabmda Angola IS the huge Afncan territory Just south ofthe Congo where African freedomfighters have been carrymg on aguerrilla war Bgatmt PortugueseauthOrities for more than fiveyears Cablnda IS a tmy Portuguese controllea enclave over

III III Ilflllllll

'otnewhere

With the Umted NatiOns After ritacussmg why Indonesia had decldedto eave the world body the edi

lor al said Indonesia s departurehad created a vacuum In the United,Nat ons and expressed delight that

th s vacuum has now been filledThe editorial expressed the hopethat the country Win be able to playan effectIve role amone: the nonahgned nations

different con1erences fb solve A81anproblems etc

It IS said lD the editorial that inthe op olon of the Soviet Union theUmted Nations must make it clearthat those VIolating the soverelantyand ndependence of states endaneerthe security of other peoples bearthe fullness at responslbll1ty forthe r reckless acltons and must becalled to account before mankind

The second draft resolution tabledby the Soviet Union proposes thedlsmantlmg ot rrulitary bases 1Dmdependent countnes or dependeDtterr tones n ASia Africa and LatlOArner ca

The .,l-hITd Soviet dratt resolutiondeals With atomic danaer In thJaonnechon the edItorial stresses that

the Soviet Umon uraes states agamto take whatever steps may benecessary to brio&, about an earliest<:oncluslon of a treaty to halt thespread of nuclear weapana andpendIng the conclUSIon of such Btreaty retraan from any actionsthat may hinder proliteratlon agreement

Rome 8 Nazione magazineSaturday Issue says

WJth the new proposals WashmgCan intends to clear the grounds:of what are commonly referred. toas obstacles to peace At the sametime Washington has reduced theprev ous fourteen POints to threeon the model ot U Thant s threePOints which accordme to ratherreliable sources HanOI may be wil

ng to acceptIn Belgium Le Mattn reters to

Goldberg s speech as a peace oftenslve and a dramatic surpriseadding By acceptln/{ a debatlj InIront of world opinion WUlilillIiOnIS challenging Its defracton: I

II' 111111111111111111111 t 1111 II "

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Government PnntID8 PressI 1~lo

ever

-Horace Menn

dra Of d t I utes No Teword fs

between .sunr1se and sumet two

offered for they are gone fore

golden hours each set llIith Slxty

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Food For 'Phoil1ht

Telephone 24047SHAFIE RAJlEL EDttor

For olher numbers Out dial sWltcbhoard number 23043 24028 240?..6

elrc Itallon and Atl'lfusm,EXldn6lQll' S9

Editor til EX; ~. S8

the mandate be revoked by peaceful means Ifpossible and by force If necessar.y These delegates 1:'0 as far as recommending that a Unit­ed Nations emergency force be establlilhed forthl~ purpose and urge all countrles to contrlbute toward the IInanclng of sucli a force

The present session of the General Assemhl~ Is expected to take a linn declslolf on theIssue Any resolution that may be passed Inthis connection should alsO Indicate the meansto Implement the resolution The South Afrlcan government Is perpetuating Its reign ofterror and policies of apartheid with tbe useof arms whlcb she obtains allegedly from Dritaln France and the UnIted States Therewll1 be no hope for a IInai solution of tbe Southwest African Issue or for the ending of apartbeld policies In the territory or In South AfricaItsell so long as the racists can get the ammunition and arms they require for the enforeement of their poliCIes

It may be mentioned that Sooth Africahas already treated some 73 UN resolutions onSouthwest Africa with contempt There Isno guarantee that It wlIl not do so In thefuture Any resolutIOn that may be passed InIhc General Assembly In thIs connection hasto be followed up by practical steps supportedfaIthfully and resolutely by Its members Thevery eXIStence of a racist regime on the southern tip of the African continent is a degradingstate of aJl'atrs m the present day world Combmed world efl'orts should be directed at puttlng an end to this regIme wblch Is subJugat­Ing and oppressing IDnocent people m a mandated territory

110

the r land and what sort of seedsand hem cal fertlhser they should

Be n order to ach eve best resultsare belOg discussed at the semlDara ttended by farmers and landowners n the area The seminar ISalso useful n provlwne an oppertun ty for the farmers to presentthe r problems so that appropriatesolultons may be found for them

Yesterday s Hellwad\.....edJtoriallywe corned the reJolntne of IndoneSia

WORLD PRESSThe Iraman government has de­

c ded to allow Saudi Arabian toursts to enter and remam m Iran for

up to three months Without VisaSthe da: Iy newspaper Okaz reportedTuesday

I he latest [orelgJ pol cy n lta\les 01 Inc Lt'".">u anu me ~ovlel

governmenL the proposals made atlhe Unll~ Nauons demonstratedonte more before the whole worldthe activity ot Soviet foreign policyd reeted as t IS at strengtherung

ternaUonal frlendship world peaceand security Pravda wntes In aeadlllg article Tuesday

The newspaper POlDts to the threemajor a d ureent quest oos submltled on the IDstructlon ot theSov et government to the 21st Genearl Assembly sessIOn tor conS1deraI on 1 hey are The danger of armed nterventlon by the Imperialistforces m the home affairs of thepe<Jples provocatIons of aggressorsand the daneer of a nuclear war

In th 5 context Pravda recallsthat a year aiO the UN General A&­sembly passed a declaration on thenadmUi6lblhty of Interference l.fl

the home affairs o( states and thesafeguarding of their mdependenceand sovereignty Althouah this resolutIOn drew a majonty vote thempertahsts contmue their polley o(

Interfermg In the hame affairs ofother peoples This IS eVldenced. tormstance by the criminal aggres­sJOn of the US mpenahsts InVietnam

Pravda stresses that a statementby a U S delegate 10 the UnItedNatlons showed that the Americangovernment IS intent as before onmaking Its aggression by proposalsfor negotJabons the need to call

FOREIGN

I"URLISHINO AOENtv

•

~ 'I~';t-J ,ui e~ry 'rJ j tx~epi fr days by the Kab II T mes0,

DlJplav Col mil mch Als 100

CIa r I ed per I ne bold type Af 20l n , n f' e I es pet nsert on)

SUBSCRIPTION RATESYearly Af 1000~f_~y M ~

')y.'te,ly M 300

"

THEhKfABUL lnMESPhi

The questIon of Southwest Africa Is onceagalD ID the hmehght A group of pO Africanand tl\~lan nations has presented a draft resolutum requesting tbe UN General Assembly totak.. over the mandate given to Soutb Afrleaover Southwest Africa Earlier almost all delegates walked out of the Assembly hall whenthe South African delegate started defendhlghis government's policies regarding SouthwestAfrica The fact that the question of Soulhwest Africa has been given top priority In theGeneral Assembly discussions Shows the urgenllY of the Issue and Impatience of the Unitcd lIIailolls mllmbers to see an equitable. solutlon follJld for ~ problem

Earlier thls"'¥'fP.r the World Court at theHallRe took up'tlle question of SouthlAestAfrklt .at the recommendation of EthJopla andliberia two members of the former Leagueof Natlons which gave South AfrIca the mandaAPto admmlster the territory The dellberatlOn which took place after two years of researclt on the state of albns ID Southwt'slAfrica was frustratmg to the majority of peoplcs and natIons 1D the world The court ruledthat. ethIopIa and LIberia had no nght to askthe ClOurt to dehberate on the Issue of Southwest Africa only the Council of the League ofNatillns had the right to hrmg the case heforethe ~urt

H has now been proved beyond any doubtthat -SOuth Afnca has failed to fullli Its obllgalions In respect to the admlnlstratlon of themaQaated terntory and to ensure the moraland Inatenal wellbelDg and securIty of the Indlgenous Inhabitants of Southwest Afnca. This ISwhy some ot the dt!legates are detenmned that

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Today s lsloh carries an edltonalun the quest on of SouthwestACrlca After g v ng some backgrOl.,I,nd mformatlOn on the h storyand latest developments ree:ardmgthe question of Southwest AIr eathE! -edJtorial sa d the General AssemblY of the Umted NatIons sexpected to make a Just and determ ned deciSion lfl order to put anenQ to the admlfllstration of SouthAfr-Ica over the mandated terntoryso that the people of SouthwestAfr C8 may determ ne their ownr ture

Yes..terday s A lS carr ed an ed1tor aJ entatied A£rlcultural SemmarsW th. UJe constant nse of populalIoo- It said the problem of procurng enou£h food 1S growmg To solve

tbe problem t IS first necessary tocarry oot "elalled and sc entlfiestud es of ways of IOcreas ng productiO!l Efforts should be. made totak-:- .practical steps Our farmersst It. use traditional methods of land

ul.tt\ttiUon relying on their personalexpi"r1ence or what they have learned from the r fathers The oldfasf'l1(lned methods of land cult vaI on and the few out dated tools atthe r a Sposa 11m t the pro6ress ourfarmers can make

S nee farmers <:onstltute the t:reatmaJOrity of our populat on and theefforts are nstrumental in strengther\wg our nahonal econom) the/<: ve<rnment has deCided to deve opagr'i.cUlttlrfr throughout the countr), $ b'trlanced wa) Pr me Mlfllster

Moh.ammad Hash rn Ma wandwahas'f' linnOlJDoed thai mechan Saton: o( agriculture use of Improvedseedif <tno modern methods of irrlgat uri will <:onstitute the maIO hnes

f h S 3encultural reform pro£ram,Th~ editor al emphaSised the role

f niH('ultural semlOars In asmstlngt.I d I:thd t ~ the lJroducer class Thped tor a po ted out the positive('Ire ts of su h semInars that have~ reaA,x been held in the capital andmentioned tha\ the Mlfllstry ofAfttwulture and Irr gatlOn has doneweU to hold 5 mllar sem nars n thepro,,!vces

Tt'¥' agricultural semlOa,:- which ISu rrently n sess on n Kunduz 19

a med at ntroducIng better methods)f latrd cult Val On Il the peopleHow they should ftJ{ht agriculturald sJi/ses how lbey should plough, ..

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grade. Two years ago he lrackeddown 957 of the group and foundout bow many years. of educationtbey had received and how manychildren they hsve had. ,

In every group--dropouts, higbscbool graduates and coUege gradu­ates-the fertility was higber forthose individuals who had thehighest I.Q.'s within each grouP. thegenetlclst said.

Women who had graduated fromcollege were an exception. he said.This, he. explained, is probably be­cause coUege graduate women seekcareers and tend to. postpone hav­ing, ebildren (LOS ANGLESTIMES),

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BenBarka's CounselQuestionsPompidou

PARIS, Sept. 29, (Reuter),-(:oun-, sel for the family . of kidnapped

Moroccan opposition leader· MebdiBen Barka Wednesday questionedwhy French Interior MinisterHeger Frey allowed' General Oilfkir,tbe Moroccan Interior Minister, toleave Frn'nee on November 4, sevendays after the kidnapping,

General Oufkir, two Moroccansecurity officers and five French­men are beina; tried-tlte Moroccansin their ahseace for alleged compli­city in the abduction.

The Ben Barka family lawyerWednesday. pUl a number of ques~

. tions concerning the kidnapping in­cluding French Prime MinisterGeorges Pompidou as well as toFrey,

The questions to Pompidou askedwhat the French' security serviceslold him about Ihe Ben Barks inci·dent and precisely wlien he hadlearned of Ihe alleged involvementof 'General Oufk)r.

Ben Barka's family have main­lained that the French authoritiesknew of General Oufkir's involve­ment when he visited Paris onNovember 3 and 4 that theyshould have arrested him at thetime.

The Oen Barka counsel also Bskedwhen an by whom it was decided tosend a diplomatic envoy to Moroccoon' November: 4, the day GeneralOufkir left for Rabat, and what theobjec~ .of the mission was,

Other questions put to the tWlJM inis.ters queried times and date .)flhe s~curity alert and an alleged de·I~y in arresting two Frenchmentac­cused of being involved in the kid.napping, .

Ghazili Hotel.

the: relation-,and inteUi-

Convention SignedNEW YORK, Sepl. 29, (DPA).­

T~H~ United States We~nesday be-­·came 'the lath signatory of the In­ternationa~ conventi9n oh the elJmj­nation of all fo'rms of raci8J. discri­mination. The co'nvention was mgned~n' the presence of the Secretary­General, U Thsnt; "y Arthur Gold·berg, Permanent Representative ofthe United States to the Uo'iled Na·tipns, in the offi~'e of the Secretary-General." -

('JdJazni Hotel has niov~, We. 'll~ ~el,~lping~estsat ~I',r;new modern bUj~gs w!a~fOrm~rJY, j;b.e~AHC .camp$ stood. Whe.the.. y,ou,8toP for b~a8toiluncbor'r~mt to'ljlpend a few ~Y"~ s"'Ii~#t·.w"qb#~}:!)uare assured of yotirco~oH8 If YQq;·Slay 'With us,

Two studies onship between fertilitygence indicate:

One uf the st~dies, done on atypical~ American population inM ichigan\ reveals that while intelJi­g.enl people don't have larger fami-

- lies than the less intelligent, moreof them ha ve children, according toDr. Carl Bajema of Grand VslleyState Cullege in Michigan.

Persons in the study with an 1.6.of 120 or more had' 2,6.. children,while those in the average range .of95 to 104 had only two children.

Thc sludy puts a damper on any­body who says we need a pro­gramme 10 encourage ,the braioy tohave· more kids because of a beliefthey arc ·not already doing it," he'Said.

The second study was done withscienlists on the faculty· of Camb-,ridge University in England andshowed that persons who have ahigher occupational status than tbeirfathers want and probaiJ,ly will havemore ('hildrcn than' their' fathershaJ.

Dr. Bajema anJ Dr, John B. Gib­son. a population geneticist at Cam­bridge. presented their reports tothe third International Congress ofHuman Genetics under way in Chi­cago at ,the University of Chicago.

One uf Ihe surprises in the Britishstudy was that scientists, while in­telligent. du not have unusuallyhigh I.Q.'s The mean I.Q, for the185 sl,;icntish un lhe Cambridgefa('ulty WetS 126. a respectable scorebut certainly nut uncommon. Therange was [rom J 10 lo 141.

80lh Bajema and Gibson said' i·tappears thai while the more inlelli­genl people in buth countries areusing birth~control pills, they areusing the pills to space lheir child~

,ren ,according 10 plan rath'er thanto have' fewer children.

They precJiL,ted that the increas­ing availabilily of pills and otherdevj\.;c~ lo persons in lower occu~

ratiunal ,classes, will slrengthen the'prC'ienl sItuation with regard to fer­11111) and inlelligem:e.

Uajl'nw's study was based on agroup llf about 1,000 persons inKalamazuo. Mich., who received1.<). tests III I Y28 while in the sixth

will be representeq byKenneth Kaundo andby President "JllUus

MQSCOW. Sept, 29, (DPA),-Adelegation of the Chinese-SovietFri~ndship Society headed by HangNing Fu, deputy chairman of thePeoples ,co~mittee of Hupeh pro­vince, vice-president of. tne societyof this province• .<trrived in MoscowWednesday the Soviet "Tass" newsagency reported,

The members of the delegationwill take parl in the fun-ction atFriendship House organised on . theoccasion of the anniversary of theproclamation of the Chinese PeoplesRepuplic.

CAllIO, Sept 29, (DPA),-UnitedArab RepubliC' President GamalAbdel Nasser arrived back in Cairofrom Dar-Es-5alaam by air Wednes­day alter a six-day state visit toTanzania during which he had' talkswith President Julius Nyerere.. '

PARIS, Sept. 29. (DPA).-Thefurther development, of the Franco­Soviet "Secam" colour televjsionsystem will be a major topic du.ringFrench Economic Minister AlainPeyrefltte's visit to Moscow, infor·mation . Under Secretary YyonBourges said ,here Wednesday.

Bourges told the press after aminist.erial council meeting presidedover by President Charles DeGaulle that Peyrefttte would alsonegotiate on Franco-Soviet industrialand scientific cooperation. while inthe Soviet capital fr.om Sept. 29 toOct. II.

NEW YORK. Sepl. 29, (DPA).­French-speaking Canadians yester~

day demonstrated outside the Unit­ed Nations building for an indepen­dent Quebec. The separatists, whoattracted large' crowds indudingpolice and reporters, carried postersreadine "Liberate Quebec."

KAMPALA, Sept. 29, (Ceteka).­The heads at' four East ond CentralAfrican countries-Uganda, Tan­zanio, Kenya, and Zambia was tomeet here on Thursday. on the ini­tiative of Ugandan President MiltonObote.

ZambiaPresi.dentTanzaniaNyerere,

BRUSSELS, sepl. 29, (DPA).~

The SUd,an has taken up diplomatic.relations wIth the European Co~.·mon Market, tollpy<lng UAR andSouth Korea,

CLEVELAND, OhIo, Sept. 2U,(DPA),-The best interest ot allnations w9uld be served by thewjdest possible elimination of tradebarriers, U,S. Secietary' of Com­mer~ john ConnQr said here Wed·nes~a,y'.

The' 43 nations takine part in thenegotiations virtually. alI have' Cl

very larie stake in the 'outcome."But," he ~d,,' l'~any ot the· eRoTts

. from other nations so far have beenmost disappointing, particularly '~~~,'European Common ~arket .offer OI!'·Iagricultural products.,r-: ~c

NATO PartnersStudy Joint

CommunicationsPARIS. Sepl. 29, (DPA and AP).

American proposals for a commonNATO telecommunications systeminvolving space satellites have founda favourable response with theother NATO partne.rs, reliablesou rees said here Wednesday.

The suggestion was made at yes­terday's session of the permanentNATO council by U.S. delegateHarlan Cleveland and had a loodreception from a majority of theNATO ambassadors.

The French representative saidthat hIs country was also interestedin the scheme, but stressed that inaddition to the technical questionsinvolved there were also financialproolems,

AP adds the t the satellite; andperhaps others which would follow,wot1ld 'be "synchronous" devices re­mamina in a fixed position in rela­tion to the earth and providina con­tinuous communication channels.

The satellite would be launchedfrom Cape Kennedy, Florida., Costs'of the project would be shared byNATO members, accordina to theU .8. proposal.

American sources saId the initialreaction to the plan was "very en­thusiastic." The United States askedfor formal respon~s from thevarious NATO government withinthe next few weeks.

Education Wins(Continued from Page 3)

In the last part cif the game Bar­yalay hurt his foot, and had toquit the game. After that the gamebecame very serious. Members ofboth teams were trying their bestto score a winning goal. ThenKhalil Nuristani. left out of the Edu~

cation team, shot a successful goaland the score became 2 to 1.

Faruq Sl;lraji, Secretary Generalof the Afghan Sports Federation,was the game's referee. He saidthere will be a game between, theKabul University team and theMilitary University pretty soon.

The game was really thrilling anddelighUul. The players played en~

thusiastically and they dId goodjol.s. The spectators enjoyed them­selves thoroughly and really hadan exciting time watching the game.

After two hours the game wasover. As the spectators were leav­ing they were dIscussing the playersand admiring how well they played·.But mostly they were taUdna' aboutthe best player who got hurt. Andhe really was a very good player.On the whole all players did flne.-Sailed G. Sabeh

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At 2:30, 5:30, 8 and 10 p.m,French film THfS· BEAUTIFUL

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, .' , BUENOS ~IRESi,;S,ept" 29" (~).- ~l\~'" MOS.PP'W'l'Selll~~~.~~~ , :'" " 1,lr~I)~',.··! :~r~'1;Y.;;';. ,1.~i1S;,' .,~:~:,,', LO~f.!~~S§~;':f!~~;·{\pp~~~::..! ,~\ \'~,~,,;\f" '-,:::', " ,..'" "~ii, ,,~;;,,; ,,,;" .:,-".,. i"'",'A group of Argentine extremists. rep?rted '~, lie .eeI by a wo~an, . ',o,~le\~edI118 w "i" " ~~.,' (Th~'lJrlt~',~~v.~.. ",~:p~stlc~ab~~:t~,Ii.;~.t ;~,II~~·iw.~:: ': .,~p.l!lol.""., '," .J.i~~:~,.&'~e..~!N,~'· ";:;;,hijacked a p.assenger plane with 44 perSons'llboard and f?~ I~. . cl!!D va:sny par;'.~(at " ' ,;;J;\~ i'slon';'~'~hoii~;;,-., ,~J"daYt\rot talks ,~tli..~Jtel~~~I.~elffllie N,~;~~1'~'~p~. 29, ~~~r), . ;, ."to land In the Brltlsh·owned Falkland Islands In tile South ~t.: "~~~~~::Jit::I~t':n~~:d~f;~~.~~~;';~~~i(lItl,.,.tI~!:,Sou:,:c~!l,:s~d'r.~e~~1iiqi!W~9l;1,W.?;I-~~":'~:c!;';I~~~"~~Xili"'~t'fednti-SdIi~~:,. ,.<.'lantlc Wednesday. . mig pOOpie wtlil;"-I~':bom 'at ":" J~~,;"er~#.:i.~~~I!,'ri·-:e,~1l4 y,,''L''!1,il''I!,~~~ :'~'l.~~.ti~\,}.I~r. :j'"".1..' ,,,~,,,, iiil''''c,,(~" ~~,~,,,,:~- , '" ." .,1

. .'. ' all altitude of 2.3 ·thouSand EarlIer Bowden struCK the same dar to tlie Bntillh CaOlne,_On I!fJi l "p~•• 110 e e g "puwon,., ,o.·llramThe aim apparently was to reas-, Prince Phlhp was returning, to,,~on. etre b: . l' 1 . note when he :told'~rePort,ers,.he. discussions wi~h ·-;the,· RhOdesian next year, evelf,:~.· tile""ilrllejrts are

~en Argentina's claim over the don ,becausc of Wedn~sdays . Inva· m Sel:Ct~o:veoraevel~ tor 'fore: lIYi.qg ,baclt #om .SaliSoilrY .Ie~de~: on. w~y~ .10"erl4 ~he :lnde- ;noriiJiU; officIal' :~,Q!!esmilii ~Id, .re-.slands. _ , slOn of the F~lkland, Islands. , ""iIl ' 1""'P .he could not. say lie was optltnlli- 'p!'hdimfe wrangle Wlth,the :tel1el- porters:,. ,'. . ",... , . ".~''''', .

A sourcc c10sc to the reported The naMnahst a;cllon, ..was~p-· :sa~ lhts has., !lh~WD::': tic abO)lt his. talks. with Smith. ':1iolisforrner:.icOlonY:· . I, ',,, Sp~iiklni/ll:!ter"a,,:c~biPet n\eetJnllhijackers said 17 men and tbe!~ parently I)~ed to COlnCI~~..~tI1 II ';,a a;' ,ers lor" '7;"P, eIIi. Bowden ""as·:··due' to reliQi't':,to.:' IIi Bowden's opinion, Smith, the" :,SpOkesman added· .ihat. '.'indl~.women leader "look the. ISlands " Prince ~hlhp s VISit to attend the .V or a oug me mOo ,.... ". '.' has ·shown no' i"eadiness' to Sub- . al ,., ·I~~·'il,"~ "t ,'I..,,·

. "I A t' Rbi" 150th' untaln areas 8pend the ener· . '''' . , '. /'0. requ .=" a".urwer : WO-lDW1on .But thiS was hot ImmedlBte y con~ rgen me ~pu Ie s anmver-· ~ ,..,,', . ,.; " , ,'·t,~ '. ,',' mit "to the' British Governme'nt's, t' f am :·.i1...t:...... ';\ 'I .... ';>j,'!>.I-.)'

fi d saty celebratIons, 'gy of their organtsm much US ·Ii\ffe·'" Lift' .. I" f ",,. -'. . °9s 0 gr .uwo ye~r. ~ aU":'~9nrme , , ", more "econofulcally". They ..' • U.. ...'" '. stlpu .atlon_ .or":~0'o/Ipg majopty to ;l1.mIilloQ .ton'•.,\l1i'eady lriipQffi;d.Thc source saId the hIjackers want I '. h d i"~ 0 S·'· 'T' -rule'm the;A'ftIlcan"country M";"" !"iht'J"'h iI'" ., ...•• -'th

to rcasser( Argcntine's claims over use ess oxygen w en .' 0__ .n p·acecraft· 0 . Obseri'ers' "ere", however'. doo~~':o.. s a '~ome ,."om . 'e.the two disputed harren little physical work, Resistanee to nt-I d 'th ',,~ 'I't . 'f f. United States and was to stave off

... . oxygen shortage Is approD Oth S" . t'" ts .0 eXe U e, e POsstOI I you.· f d 'sh' rta sed b I ~ '., •islsnds about 2.006 miles (3.200 kmi " Wor'ld .'Bn·efs .'.,,' er Cle.. n's ther "talks .with the wl1itemino. 00.. o. ge8 cau y, 9-0

' year a.f h molely 30 percent greater "'. .' . . '. drought

soulh 0 cre: .'. . In the case with highlanders . rlty regune before the COll!- . . , . . . "Rear Admiral Jo~e Ma~18 GUl- than w1thlowiand dweUers. WASHINGTQN, Seit'.-29, (AP). monwealt!t. conferen£e. dea(lli~e' He saId the United,State8..'blid

man, govcrnor. of TIerra del Fue.go ROME, Paris, Sept, 29, (DPA),- This uallt Is artlcularl James E, Webb, Adtiiliilstl'ator of,' of the end, o.f., t/tI~ •.ye~r .expire~ . been approa.ched to .llllpp),y .. puaand Argcnt,"a, ,outhern territOries Seven people were killed in two I ~ t To fII p .. d .;:.. the ·U.S. Nationa1" Aeron~utlCii·tai:td. and . Umtl'd -Nations-supervised amount, .' but no .reply had B<!tar-which theoretically include the separate 8ir erashesin Italy and. =:uts

nr ers an ....Space Admtn1dti-ati.oii, iktd ~Tue8'dQy' 'TQandli!orY "~l\rictibns·. against h""n'recelv!'d, " . "

Falkland islands-was a passenger France WedneSday, The four OCcu· . . th.. United States has offerea ,·trllJ,ls. ,-RhOdesia could" be applied, Amedcan. Embassy' sources, saidon· the hijacked airliner that land- pants ot a West German sports Soviet 'experlments . have portatlon. aboard U.S. sPacecraft to .' Attoiney General Sir Elwyn ,that' the United' 'S.tates· was lIkelYcd at Port Stanl~y yesterday. plane died when it crashed into a shown .that longhighland.ac- scientiSts of .other nations, Jones, who had ai!cempanled to grant more llta,ln and -an llliree-

Local radio stations here s~id mountain and burst into ~ame in cllmatlsation Increases the 'Webb' said at an'awaMs ceremony. 'Bowden' to Salispury, .is alSo ex· ment to this effect would probablyRenr Adm"al Guzman had radIo- thick tog in south Tyrol. On the endurance ot human be\ngll' honourinll ihe Gemlnl.li aStronauts pected to be present"lIt Ntiniber he 'Slgned In. the near lutufe.ed from PorI' Stanley asking the French Atlantic island 01 Ouessant, In situations typical tor outer . he was authorliled in his reCent pre- Ten Downing Street, altho.ugh he A Food Ministry '!P~kesman ,saidArgentine. A" Forcc to send ,the pilot and iwo passengers died space. Acceleration, whleh Ilminary nellotlatlons ot a space IS !1ot· a .member of the Cabinet. ihe ~stlmate of liIdlil's import needsplanes to take. off the stranded' pas- when a light aircrstt. burst into Increases the wlllght ot a man _eemen!' with W, Germany to . There. was no offiCIal. conflrma· ncxt year waa "till not knoWn andscngers. thime on takeoff. 8- 10 times over, 'Is endured ma'ke, the offer. He said the o'ffer tion of a ne,ws,paper report aUeg:- provisIonal' tlgures, for thJB year's

Thcre was no indication that Ihe . ItI I h·rt rtl lng that ,Bntam has warned the Its'Admiral knew ,Of the hijack in ad- Wiess ea exe on. slab applies to scJentists' 01 Great Rhodesian rebel Ugovernor" Clif- lQrves were not yet available, butvance, VIENNA, Sepl. 29. (DPA).~ Experiments with moun· Britain and other nations. ford Dupont of possible. prosecu. the IIUmmer crop aplleared to, be

Wilhelm Billia 01 Poland, was elecl- lain dwellers and experienced "It th I tlsts I . f d" near normal.The Argentine government rc-" I I J Is heBeen n western t100 or mur er, If any Qutstand- .. cd chairman of the Council of Gov- a p n s a,ve proved that Europe have scientific studies to l'ng death sentence I'S carried out He ,said 111)1)0rt8 would be usedgards thc hIjacking of an airliner to I h I I A they possess belghtened reo t b Id

the Falkland islands ·Wednesday as ernors 0 t e nternationa tomic ~ake 01 their own land mau't-be in Rhodesia. 0 Ul . up a ~maU' bu1ler stockEnergy Agency (IAEA) on the last slstence to long Isolation, Id" b Th ffi' I and strengthen Indl 'food sltlan act of piracy. British officials sharp temperature and hnmJ'l' sa. we ave developed a safe e 0 cia view that Sir Hum- a s po on

said in London. day ot the agency's general confer- dlty fluctuations and even to enough transportation 'system In phrey Gibbs remains governor of In the event of another disastrousThe officials said that through ence in Vienna WedneSday. Billig the rising of Infrared, ultra- space to take them there. Rhode~ia, and that the,. appoint~ drought.

the British embassy in Buenos. is since 19'56 his country's high violet and cosmic radia.tlons, . ~ He said. however, there must" be ment by Smith of Dupont is il- He said India hoped to pay inAires Argentina had dissociated itself commissioner for nuclear energy and The experiments were car- a definite requirement tor this type legal, is however maintained. good, under terms of the AmerIcanfrom .the nationalists' action, re- chairman of the Polish state coun- ried out at an altitude olaf service-"flyine In space is not Official sources said that any "Food for Peace" programme, anygarding it as an offence and an ac;t ci! for the peaceful uses of atomic over 3,000 metres, The 00- somethIng to do just for the fun ot "official" action by Dupont,. in- graIn purchased from the U,S. ,dur-of piracy. energy. tained experiment data were it." eluding the signing of death sen~ fng the remainder of this year..

A Brilish embassy spokesman in analysed by £ computer. Ma- Webb said one of the discussions tenl,~es, would therefore be uille~ Meanwhile in Caicutta, more thanBuenos Aires denied last night that BRUSSELS. Sept. 29. (DI'A).-·There tbematlcal processing .._- __ W st Ge ga , one thousand teachers and non...... .. e rmali Chancellor Ludwig

are about two hundred million tele- suIted in the conclusion that Erhard had with U.S. President teaching staff of non-governmentphones in the world today. accord~ the positive qualities, neccs- Lyndon Johnson deals with the pos- secondary and primary schools ining to statistics published in Brus~. sary for space Oight, are ac- sibillty of bavina' scientistS from W. E~st Bengal again courted arrest onsels. The most extentive n,<twork qulred and developed in not Germany-and other countries that UoSo To Send Food the third day 01 their "civil dlsobe-was in the United States. where less than 22-26 days 01 hlgh- can Q.ualify-work with NASA dience" movement to back demands45.8 per cent of the population had land aecllmatlsatlon. Soviet scientists who are preparing the To Indonesia tor more pay and better servicea telepbone. But the most calls media recommend use ot fi I conditions.rst so ar telescope to be placed inwere made in Canada-622 10 each mountains tor the trainIng ot operation hy men ahoard an orbi(- WASHINGTON, Sept. 29, (Re. -----,----- _inhsbitant last year. The United cosmonauts. ing Apollo-3 man crstl. ut€r),-The United States is to Educatl'On BnoefsStates came next with 592 andSweden with 450. send additional emergency sup-

OffsprIOng HIOgh IQ Bralonchlold plies of rice. colton aod spare· (Continued from Page 3). parLs to Indonesia, and will re- Also on Thursday the secondary

surne training Indonesians in this school of Abu Daud Sajestani, 10-country. cated in Zarani, capItal of .Chakban-

The announcement came in 8 SOur province, was elevated to thejoint statement at the conclusion high school ,level. 'Ten fP'sduates ofTuesday of talks which Indo- tbe school's 9th grade started theJrnesian Foreign .Minister Adam classes in the 10th &t'ade.Malik had here with President Two citizen.. Hajl AbdUl Majid,Johnson, Secretary of State Dean and Abdul Gbafour Murad, tIUlnk.Rusk, and other officials, . ed His Majesty the King lind the

The State Department previ· government for tbe interest in de-ously announced that the new "eloping their area anp pledgedIndonesiaI1 foreign and economic every. kind of cooperation in m.8.k-policy had opeped the way for ing the government's education pro-resumption of regular U.S. aieL grammes a success.which had been virtuallY frozen The school now 'has 29 teacherSbecause nf displeasure over Pre· and 1152 students, It was elevatedsident Sukarno'8 policies,. The joint statement said the trom a. primary to a s<iconc!arY

two countries recogn'ised the need school six years 'ago. So far 67 stu­for a multilateral approach to dents hsve Ilraduated from theIndonesia's debt relief and for' scbool's 9th grade, This is the secondeign assistance problems, . hij:h school to be opened In the etty,

No specific figures or timetablewere giv.en for the emergencyasistance or long·tenn aid whichthe U,S, is to provide,

Officials said no decision hadbeen. made on the ,type of Indo.,nesian personnel to be trainedhere, but they assumed the pro­gramme would include the agri·cultural and medical fI.elds..

Earlier U,S. emergency sup-plIes to Indonesia consisted ofrice shipments last April andcotton in June.

At a 'press conference Maliksaid the primary purpose of hisvisit was to arrange for Indone­sia's return to the United Na.tions, and secondly to create bet­ter understanding for the policCICS of the new Indonesian gov­ernment.

Malik reiterated his coun~ry'sdeSIre for a peaceful solution inVietnam, but declined to specu­late on his country's role in pos­sible negotiations.

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