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State: KARNATAKA
Agriculture Contingency Plan for District:KOPPAL
1.0 District Agriculture profile
1.1 Agro-Climatic/Ecological Zone
Agro Ecological Sub Region (ICAR) North Sahyadris and Western Karnataka Plateau , hot dry sub humid (3.0)
Agro-Climatic Region (Planning
Commission)
Southern Plateau and Hills Region ( X )
Agro Climatic Zone (NARP) Northern Dry zone ( KA-3)
List all the districts or part thereof fallingunder the NARP Zone
Entire District: Bijapur, Bagalkot, Gadag, Bellary, KoppalPart of District: Belgaum, Dharwad, Raichur, Davanagere
Geographic coordinates of district Latitude Longitude Altitude
15-21N to 15 -45N 76-10 E to 76-32 E 582.0 m
Name and address of the concerned ZRS/ZARS/ RARS/ RRS/ RRTTS Associate Director of ResearchRegional Agricultural Research Station, P. B.No. 18-
Mention the KVK located in the district Krishi Vigyan Kendra,P.O.Gangavathi , Koppal (Dist)
1.2 Rainfall NormalRF(mm)
NormalRainydays(number)
Normal Onset( specify week and month)
Normal Cessation(specify week and month)
SW monsoon (June-Sep): 3722 nd week of June
4 week of September
NE Monsoon(Oct-Dec): 1272 nd week of October
4 h week of November
Winter (Jan- March) --
- -
Summer (Apr-May) 73 - -
Annual 572 36 - -
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1.3 Land use
pattern of the
district (lateststatistics)
Geographicalarea
Forest area Land undernon-agricultural use
Permanentpastures
Cultivablewasteland
Land underMisc. treecrops andgroves
Barren anduncultivableland
Currentfallows
Otherfallows
Area (000ha) 552.5 29.5 38.9 14.7 2.6 0.2 16.6 68.4 0.0
1. 4 Major Soils (common names like shallow
red soils etc.,)
Area (000 ha) Percent (%) of total
Red soils 253.0 66.Medium deep black soils 131.5 34Others (specify):
1.5 Agricultural land use Area (000 ha) Cropping intensity %
Net sown area 349.2 124.20
Area sown more than once 84.5
Gross cropped area 433.7
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1.6 Irrigation Area (000 ha) Percent (%)
Net irrigated area 77.0 26.7
Gross irrigated area 141.7
Rainfed area 272.2 73.3
Sources of Irrigation Number Area (000 ha) Percentage of total irrigated areaCanals 30.0 29.8
Tanks - 0.5 0.5
Open wells - -- 0Bore wells - 65.0 64.6
Lift irrigation - 1.3 1.1Micro-irrigation 1.3 1.0Other sources
Total Irrigated Area 122.9Pump setsNo. of Tractors
Groundwater availability and use* (Data
source: State/Central Ground water
Department /Board)
No. of blocks/Tehsils
(%) area
Over exploited -Critical -
Semi- critical -Safe -Wastewater availability and use -Ground water quality -
*over-exploited: groundwater utilization > 100%; critical: 90-100%; semi-critical: 70-90%; safe:
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1.7 Area under major field crops & horticulture etc. (2008-09)
1.7 Major Field Crops cultivated Area (000 ha)
Kharif Rabi Summer Total
Irrigated Rainfed Irrigated Rainfed
1 Sunflower 13.8 25.0 2.0 47.1 7.9 75.82 Paddy 35.8 0.2 - - 35.0 71.03 Sorghum 4.0 11.0 - 50.0 1.5 66.54 Bajra 1.0 58.0 - - - 59.0
5 Groundnut 5.0 24 - - 21.0 50.06 Maize 10.0 12 4 1.6 2.0 29.67 Bengalgram - - - 20.0 0.8 20.88 Cotton 1.45 0.35 - 16.8 - 18.69 Sugarcane 0.9 - - - 0.4 1.3
Horticulture crops - Fruits Total area
1 Pomegranate 6.02 Mango 2.6
3 Banana 1.44 Sapota 0.85 Papaya 0.6
6 Total 11.3Horticultural crops - Vegetables Total area
1 Green Chillies 0.82 Brinjal 0.73 Okra 0.5
Medicinal and Aromatic crops Total area
1 Periwinkle 0.02
2 Dry chilli 0.203 Coriander 0.02
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1.8 Livestock Male (number) Female (number) Total (number)
1 Non descriptive Cattle (local low yielding) 108.3 120.1 228.5
2 Crossbred cattle 2.5 14.1 16.6
3 Non descriptive Buffaloes (local low yielding) 11.0 97.7 108.8
4 Graded Buffaloes
5 Goat 199.4
6 Sheep 474.9
7 Others ( Pig+Dog+Rabbit ) 6.67
8 Commercial dairy farms (Number)
1.9 Poultry No. of farms Total No. of birds (000)
1 Commercial 2097.69
2 Backyard1.10 Fisheries (Data source: Chief Planning Officer)
A. Capture
i) Marine (Data Source: No. of fishermen Boats Nets Storage
Plantation crops Total area
1 Coconut 1.32 Oil Palm 0.53 Tamarind 0.2
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Fisheries Department) Mechanized Non-mechanized
Mechanized(Trawl nets,
Gill nets)
Non-mechanized(Shore Seines,
Stake & trap nets)
facilities (Ice
plants etc.)
Nil Nil Nil Nil Nil Nil
ii) Inland (Data Source:Fisheries Department)
No. Farmer owned ponds No. of Reservoirs No. of village tanks
700 5 33
B. Culture
Water Spread Area (ha) Yield (t/ha) Production (000 tons)
i) Brackish water (Data Source:MPEDA/ Fisheries Department)ii) Fresh water (Data Source: FisheriesDepartment)
1000 2.40 2400
Others
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1.11 Production and Productivity of major crops (Average of last 3 years: 2007, 08, 09)1.11 Name of crop Kharif Rabi Summer Total Crop
residue asfodder(000tons)
Production('000 t) Productivity(kg/ha) Production('000 t) Productivity(kg/ha) Production('000 t) Productivity(kg/ha) Production('000 t) Productivity(kg/ha)
Major Field crops (Crops to be identified based on total acreage)
1 Paddy 212.1 3012 -- --- 136.4 3883 348.5 3447 -2 Maize 66.3 2643 13.33 3658 4.70 3067 84.4 3123 -3 Sorghum 14.3 1310 37.25 767 2.62 1983 54.2 1353 -
4 Bajra 44.8 1280 --- --- ---- --- 44.8 1280 -5 Groundnut 13.3 975 ---- --- 32.29 1500 90.3 1238 -6 Sunflower 33.4 1044 22.93 780 7.32 1217 63.7 1014 -
Major Horticultural crops (Crops to be identified based on total acreage)1 Pomegranate - - - - - - 47.9 15326 -2 Mango - - - - - - 28.0 12380 -3 Banana - - - - - - 39.2 31366 -4 Coconut - - - - - - 14780 146 -
5 Sapota - - - - - - 8.7 14112 -
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1.12 Sowing window
for 5 major field
crops
(start and end ofnormal sowingperiod)
Sunflower Paddy Sorghum Bajra Groundnut Bengalgram
Kharif- Rainfed 1 st week of June to 4th week of August
---- 1 st week of May to 4 hweek of June
1 st week ofJune to 4 thweek of July
1 st week of Juneto 4 th week of July
-
Kharif-Irrigated 1 st week of June to4 th week of July
--- - 1 st week of Juneto 4 th week of July
-
Rabi- Rainfed - ---- 3 d week of September- 3rd week of October
- - 3 d week of
September- 3 rdweek of October
Rabi-Irrigated 1 st week to 4 hweek of October -
---- ----- - - -
1.13 What is the major contingency the
district is prone to? (Tick mark and
mention years if known during the last 10year period)
Regular Occasional None
Drought
--
-
Flood - -Cyclone - -Hail storm - -
Heat wave - - Cold wave - - Frost - - Pests and diseases (specify) - -Sea water intrusion - -
Others - -
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1.14 Include Digital maps of
the district for
Location map of district within State as Annexure I Enclosed: Yes
Mean annual rainfall as Annexure 2 Enclosed: Yes
Soil map as Annexure 3 Enclosed: Yes
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Annexure-1
Location map of Koppal in Karnataka
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Annexure-2
Average rainfall Map of Koppal district
Average rainfall (mm)of Koppal District from 1995-2008
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2.0 Strategies for weather related contingencies
2.1 Drought
2.1.1 Rainfed situation
Condition Suggested Contingency measures
Early season
drought (delayed
onset)
Major Farming
situation
Normal Crop/cropping system Change in crop/cropping
system
Agronomic
measures
Remarks
on
Implemen
tation
Delay by 2 weeks(June 3rd
week)
Rainfed KharifShallow black/Redsandy soils
Bajra No change No change
Sorghum
Groundnut
Sunflower
Maize
Red gram
Sesamum
Bajra+ Red gram (2:1) : Recommended varieties
Groundnut + Red gram (3:1or 4:2): Recommended varSorghum+ Groundnut
Rainfed post-monsoon.Deep black soils
Rabi sorghum Keep the landfallow in kharifby treating withcompartmentbunds & furrowsfor insitumoisture
conservation
Safflower
Cotton
Sunflower
Rabi- sorghum + Bengal gram: (2:1)
Bengal gram + Safflower: (4:2)
Rainfed croppingkharif and Rabi.
Kharif Rabi Kharif Rabi
Red gram ---- No change No change
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Medium deep todeep black/sandyclay soils
Green gram Rabi-sorghum
Castor Bengal
gram+Safflower
Groundnut Sunflower No change
Condition Major Farming
situation
Normal Crop/cropping system Suggested Contingency measures
Early seasondrought (delayed
onset)
Change in crop/croppingsystem
Agronomic measures Remarks onImplementation
Delay by 4 weeks
(Specify month)
July 1 week
Rainfed KharifShallow black/Redsandy soils
Bajra No change Seed hardening, widerrow spacing
-
Sorghum Seed hardening
Groundnut
Sunflower
MaizeRed gram Use 20% higher seed rate Take up transplanting
Sesamum No change
Bajra+ Red gram (2:1) No change Seed hardening, widerrow spacing &20%higher seed rate in Redgram
Groundnut + Red gram (3:1or 4:2):Sorghum+ Groundnut
Setaria
SesamumCastor
Rainfed post-monsoon.Deep black soils
Rabi sorghum No change Keep the land fallowin kharif by treatingwith compartmentbunds & furrows forinsitu moistureconservation
Safflower
Cotton
Sunflower
Rabi- sorghum+ Bengal gram (2:1)
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Bengal gram+ Safflower: (4:2)
Rainfed croppingKharif and RabiMedium deepblack/sandy claysoils
Kharif Rabi Kharif Rabi No change
Red gram ---- No change ---Green gram Rabi-sorghum Fallow RabiSorghum
Castor No change
Groundnut Sunflower Fallow Sunflower
Sunflower Fallow No change Fallow
Condition Suggested Contingency measures
Early
season
drought
(delayed
onset)
Major Farming
situation
Normal Crop/cropping system Change in crop/cropping
system
Agronomic measures Remarks on
Implementation
Delay by
6 weeks
July 3rd
week
Rainfed KharifShallowblack/Red sandysoils
Hybrid Bajra with recommended varieties No change Seed hardening andwider row spacing
-
Sorghum Red gram
Groundnut Spreading varieties like S-230, DSG-1
Sunflower No change
Maize Setaria
HorsegramSesamum
Red gram Grow short durationvarieties like Pragathi
Use 20% higher seedrate, wider rowspacing
Bajra+ Red gram (2:1) No change Wider row spacingGroundnut + Red gram (3:1or 4:2) -
Rainfed areacropping in postmonsoon season
Rabi sorghum Follow in situ moisture conservation practices likeopening of compartment bunds, tied ridges andfurrows to conserve rainwater for regular sowing ofrabi crops
Safflower ---do---
Cotton
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Sunflower
Rabi- sorghum + Bengal gram : (2:1)
Bengal gram + Safflower (4:2)Rainfedcropping Kharifand RabiMedium deepblack/sandy claysoils
Kharif Rabi Kharif Rabi
Red gram ---- No change ---
Green gram Rabi-sorghum Fallow Rabi-sorghum
Fallow Safflower No change No change
Groundnut Sunflower Fallow sunflower
Safflower No change
Rabi-sorghum+ Bengal
gram (2:1)Bengal gram+ Safflower
Condition Suggested Contingency measures
Early season
drought
(delayed
onset)
Major
Farming
situation
Normal Crop/cropping system Change in crop/cropping system Agronomic
measures
Remarks on
Implementation
Delay by 8
weeks
August 1st
week
Rainfed KharifShallowblack/Redsandy soils
Bajra Horsegram/setaria/sunflower -
Sorghum
Groundnut
Sunflower No change Wider rowspacing
Maize Horsegram/setaria/sunflower
Red gram Grow long duration varieties (Asha)Bajra+ Red gram (2:1) Sunflower
Groundnut + Red gram (3:1or 4:2):
Keep the landfallow in kharifby treating withcompartment
Rainfed areacropping inpost monsoon
Rabi sorghum No change
Safflower
Cotton
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season Horsegram bunds &furrows forinsitu moistureconservation
Sunflower
Rabi- sorghum+ Bengal gram : (2:1)Bengal gram+ Safflower: (4:2)
RainfedcroppingKharif andRabiMedium deepblack/sandyclay soils
Kharif Rabi Kharif Rabi
Red gram -- Fallow Sorghum+ Bengalgram
Green gram Rabi-sorghum
Sorghum
Green gram Safflower Safflower
Groundnut Sunflower Sunflower
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Condition Suggested Contingency measures
Early seasondrought (Normalonset)
Major Farmingsituation
Normal Crop/cropping system Crop management Soil nutrient &moisture conservation
measues
Remarks onImplementati
on
Normal onset
followed by 15-20
days dry spell
after sowing
leading to poor
germination/cropstand etc.
Rainfed Kharif Shallowblack/Red sandy soils
Hybrid Bajra Thinning and intercultivationGap fillingResowing the cropwithin 15 days whenpopulation is 30%.
Opening conservationfurrows at 15-20m apart
Sorghum ---do--- ---do---
Groundnut
Sunflower
Maize
Red gram
Rainfed area cropping inpost monsoon season
Rabi sorghum Compartment bundingSafflowerCottonHorsegramSunflowerRabi- sorghum+ Bengal gram (2:1)
Bengal gram + Safflower: (4:2)Rainfed cropping Kharifand RabiMedium deepblack/sandy clay soils
Kharif Rabi
Red gram ----Green gram Rabi-sorghumBlack gram Safflower Opening furrows to
conserve waterGroundnut Sunflower
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Condition Major
Farming
situation
Normal Crop/cropping system Suggested Contingency measures
Mid season
drought (long dry
spell, consecutive 2weeks rainless
(>2.5 mm) period)
At vegetative stage
Crop management Soil nutrient &
moisture
conservationmeasues
Remarks on
Implementati
on
Rainfed KharifShallowblack/Redsandy soils
Bajra Repeated inter cultivationand weeding, removal ofweaklings between 30-45DAS
Opening ofconservationfurrows at 15-20mapart
Sorghum ---do---
Groundnut Repeated inter cultivationup to 45 days or peg
formation ,weeding, andmulching in spreadinggroundnut
Sunflower Repeated inter cultivationand weedingMaize
Red gram
Rainfed areacropping inpost monsoonseason
Rabi sorghum Repeated inter cultivationand weeding,
Removal of weaklingsbetween 30-45 DAS
Compartmentbunding
Safflower Repeated inter cultivationand weedingCotton
Horsegram
Sunflower
Rabi- sorghum+ Bengal gram (2:1)
Bengal gram + Safflower (4:2)
RainfedcroppingKharif andRabiMedium deepblack/sandyclay soils
Kharif Rabi
Red gram ---- Repeated inter cultivationand weeding
Opening furrows toconserve water
Green gram Rabi-sorghum
Black gram Safflower
Groundnut Sunflower
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Condition Suggested Contingency measures
Mid seasondrought (long dry
spell, consecutive 2
weeks rainless
(>2.5 mm) period)
MajorFarming
situation
Normal Crop/cropping system Crop management Soil nutrient &moisture
conservation
measues
Remarks onImplementati
on
At Flowering/
fruiting stage
Rainfed kharifShallowblack/Redsandy soils
Hybrid Bajra Repeated inter cultivationand weeding .Harvest thecrop for fodder purposeand allow for ratooning in
sole & intercropping
Openingconservationfurrows at 15-20 mapart. Spray anti
transpirants like5% Kaoline .Providesupplementalirrigation.
Sorghum Stripping of old &nonfunctional leaves.Repeated inter cultivationand weeding
---do---
Groundnut Harvesting for fodderpurpose
Foliar spraying of2% urea soon afterreceipt of rains
Sunflower Repeated inter cultivationand weeding
Openingconservationfurrows at 15-20 mapart
Maize Repeated inter cultivationand weeding. Harvesting
for fodder purpose.
do
Red gram Repeated inter cultivationand weeding
do
Rainfed areacropping inpost monsoonseason
Rabi sorghum - Compartmentbunding
Safflower
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Cotton
Horsegram
SunflowerRabi- sorghum+ Bengal gram (2:1)
Bengal gram + Safflower: (4:2)
RainfedcroppingkharifandRabiMedium deepblack/sandyclay soils
Kharif Rabi
Red gram ---- Opening conservationfurrows at 15-20 m apart
-
Green gram Rabi-sorghum Incorporate greengram in
soilBlack gram Safflower
Groundnut Sunflower Foliar spraying of 2% urea
Bengal gram + safflower Harvest the crop
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Condition Suggested Contingency measures
Terminal drought MajorFarming
situation
Normal Crop/cropping system Crop management Soil nutrient& moisture
conservation
measues
Remarks onImplementati
on
Rainfed kharifShallowblack/Redsandy soils
Hybrid Bajra Harvest the crop atphysiological maturity & go forearly rabi crop. Harvest forfodder purpose in case ofsevere drought
Spraying ofantitranspirantslike 5%Kaoline &
providesupplementalirrigation
Sorghum --do--- ---do---
Groundnut
Sunflower supplementalirrigationMaize
Red gram
Rainfed areacropping inpost monsoonseason
Rabi sorghum - Compartmentbunding
Safflower
Cotton
Horsegram
Sunflower
Rabi- sorghum + Bengal gram (2:1)Bengal gram + Safflower: (4:2)
3 RainfedcroppingKharif andRabiMedium deepblack/sandy
Kharif Rabi
Red gram ---- Harvest the crop atphysiological maturity & go forearly rabi crop. Harvest forfodder purpose in case ofsevere drought
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clay soils Green gram Rabi-sorghum ---do----
Black gram Safflower
Groundnut Sunflower
2.1.2 Irrigated situation
Condition Suggested Contingency measures
Major Farming
situation
Normal Crop/cropping
system
Change in crop/cropping
system
Agronomic measures Remarks on
Implementation
Delayed release of
water in canals dueto low rainfall
Canal irrigatedblack soil
TBP area
Hybrid Jowar-wheat-Hybridbajra
No change
Hybrid bajra-cotton-groundnutGroundnut-no-Hybrid JowarPaddy-no-HybridJowar/GroundnutTBP left bank canalPaddy-paddy Paddy-paddy with short duration
varietiesFor 35-40 days oldseedlings use 4-5seedlings/hill in thecase of paddyProvide additional20% nitrogen tocompensate forreduced tillering
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Condition Suggested Contingency measures
Major Farmingsituation
Normal Crop/croppingsystem
Change in crop/croppingsystem
Agronomic measures Remarks onImplementation
Limited release ofwater in canals dueto low rainfall
Canal irrigatedblack soil
TBP area
Hybrid Jowar-Hybrid bajraHybrid bajra-cotton-groundnutGroundnut-no-HybridjowarPaddy-no-HybridJowar/Groundnut,cotton
Irrigate the paddymaintaining saturation levelmoisture or adopt SRI
method f cultivationTBP left bank canal
Paddy-paddy Grow light irrigated crops likesunflower
Condition Suggested Contingency measures
Major Farming
situation
Normal Crop/cropping
system
Change in crop/cropping
system
Agronomic measures Remarks on
Implementation
Non release ofwater in canalsunder delayedonset of monsoonin catchment
- - - - -
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Condition Suggested Contingency measures
Major Farmingsituation
Normal Crop/croppingsystem
Change incrop/cropping
system
Agronomic measures Remarks onImplementation
Lack of inflowsinto tanks due toinsufficient/delayed onset ofmonsoon
Kharif-irrigatedMedium deep todeep black/sandyclay soils
Maize Follow rain fedcropping system
Sorghum -do-
CottonGroundnut+ Red gram (4:2)
Rabi-irrigatedMedium deep todeep black/sandyclay soils
Green gram (rainfed)
Blackgram (rainfed)
Sunhemp green manuring
Condition Suggested Contingency measures
Major Farming
situation
Normal Crop/cropping
system
Change in crop/cropping
system
Agronomic measures Remarks on
Implementation
Insufficientgroundwater
recharge due tolow rainfall
Not applicable
Any othercondition (specify)
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2.2 Unusual rains (untimely, unseasonal etc) (for both rainfed and irrigated situations) and Heavy rainfall with high speed winds in a short span
Condition Suggested contingency measure
Continuous high
rainfall in a short
span leading to
water logging
Vegetative stage Flowering stage Crop maturity stage Post harvest
Maize Drain out excess waterTop dress the crop with N & KInter cultivation & weedingTake up foliar spray with water soluble NPK
FertilisersGap filling/ Resowing
Drain out excess waterEarthing up
Drain out excess water.Harvest at physiologicalmaturity & dry the cobs
Proper drying and storage
Sorghum Drain out excess waterTop dress the crop with N & KInter cultivation & weedingTake up foliar spray with water soluble NPKFertilisersGap filling/ Resowing
Drain out excess water Drain out excess water. Tyingup of lodged plants
Proper drying and storageGroundnut
Drain out excess waterTake up foliar spray with water soluble NPKFertilisersGap filling/ Resowing
Drain out excess water Drain out excess water andharvest
Proper drying and storagePaddy
Apply additional 25% RFD NPK Maintain optimum water levelDrain out excess water andharvest
Proper drying and storageSunflower Drain out excess water
Top dress the crop with N & KInter cultivation & weedingTake up foliar spray with water soluble NPKFertilisersGap filling/ Resowing
Drain out excess waterEarthing up
Drain out excess water.Harvesting and drying of
earhead
Proper drying and storage
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Horticulture
Pomegranate Provide Drainage Provide Drainage Harvest the crop at
physiological maturityimmediately
Shifting of produce to safer
placeMango Provide Drainage Do
Banana Provide DrainageApplication of Urea for induction ofvegetative growth
Coconut Provide Drainage Shifting of produce to saferplace
Sapota Provide Drainage Take up Harvest at
physiological maturity stage
Produce sent for market
Outbreak of pests
and diseases due
to unseasonal
rains Appropriate plant protection measures are to be taken up as given in package of practices for the following pests snd diseasesMaize
Leaf blight---
Cob borerSorghum
---Rust
Grain mold
Groundnut Leaf minorPaddy
------BPH and blast
Neck blastSunflower
Hairy caterpillar and necrosisEarhead borer
Earhead borerHorticulture
Pomegranate Control of pest and disease in an holistic
approaches with proper PP chemicals
Go for need based plant
protection measuresUse of neem based chemicals
Quicker harvest Use of clean and safer
packing materialsMango
Banana
Coconut Need based plant protection measures Need based plant protectionmeasures
---------
Sapota
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2.3 Floods
Condition Suggested contingency measure
Transient water
logging/ partial
inundation
Seedling / nursery stage Vegetative stage Reproductive stage At harvest
Maize Drain out excess waterTake up gap filling/ ResowingTake up foliar spray with water solubleNPK Fertilisers
Drain out excess waterWeeding and Topdressing
With urea
Drain out excess waterAnd earthing up
Drain out excess waterand harvesting and drying
Sorghum Drain out excess waterTake up gap filling/ ResowingTake up foliar spray with water solubleNPK Fertilisers
Drain out excess waterWeeding and Topdressing
With urea
Drain out excess water Drain out excess waterTying of lodged plants andharvesting and drying
Groundnut Drain out excess water/ ResowingTake up foliar spray with water solubleNPK Fertilisers
Drain out excess water
Drain out excess waterDrain out excess waterHarvesting and drying ofpods
Paddy
Drain out excess water/ ResowingTake up foliar spray with water solubleNPK Fertilisers
Drain out excess waterApply additional 25% RFDNPK
Drain out excess water
Apply additional 25%RFD NPK Drain out excess water
Harvesting and drying
Hy. Cotton Drain out excess water/ ResowingTake up foliar spray with water solubleNPK Fertilisers Resowing
Take up foliar spray with water solubleNPK Fertilisers
Drain out excess water
Drain out excess water Drain out excess waterHarvesting and drying
Sunflower Drain out excess waterTake up gap filling. Drenching withfungicides
Drain out excess waterWeeding and Topdressing
With urea
Drain out excess waterAnd earthing up
Drain out excess waterand harvesting and drying
Horticulture
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Pomegranate Provide Drainage 1) Provide immediate drainage by opening deep furrowsalong the slope at suitable intervals to drain the excessmoisture and provide aeration to the roots.
2) Spray the crop with 1% Urea or 19:19:19 all or applyUrea @ 45 kg/Acre and each up.
3) Spray the crop with water soluble NPK. Fertilizers 4 to5gm/Ltre
Harvest the produceimmediately and take upmarketing activities.
Mango
BananaCoconut
Sapota Provide Drainage
Continuous
submergence
for more than 2days
Maize
Draining the excess waterRe-sowing with seed treatment if mortality
is more otherwise take up gap filling
Drain out excess waterTop dressing with ureaweeding
Drain out excess waterEarthing up.Tying of
lodged plants
Drain out excess water
Harvesting and dryingSorghum
Draining the excess waterRe-sowing with seed treatment if mortality
is more otherwise take up gap filling
Drain out excess waterTop dressing with ureaweeding
Drain out excess waterEarthing up.Tying oflodged plants
Drain out excess waterTying of lodged plantsHarvesting and drying
Bajra
Draining the excess waterRe-sowing / gap filling
Drain out excess waterTop dressing with ureaweeding
Drain out excess waterEarthing up.Tying oflodged plants
Drain out excess waterTying of lodged plantsHarvesting and drying
Paddy Drain out excess water Drain out excess water Drain out excess water Drain out excess waterHarvesting and drying
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Sunflower
Draining the excess waterRe-sowing with seed treatment if mortality
is more otherwise take up gap filling
Drain out excess waterTop dressing with ureaweeding
Drain out excess waterEarthing up.
Drain out excess waterHarvesting and drying
Horticulture
Pomegranate Provide Drainage Provide drainage & immediately pump out the water usingdiesel motorsMango
BananaCoconut
Sapota Provide Drainage
Sea water
intrusion NA
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2.4 Extreme events: Heat wave / Cold wave/Frost/ Hailstorm /Cyclone
Extreme event type Suggested contingency measurer
Seedling / nursery stage Vegetative stage Reproductive stage At harvest
Heat Wave
-NA-Cold wave
Frost
Hailstorm
Cyclone Measures to be adopted as suggested under heavy rains with high speed winds
2.5 Contingent strategies for Livestock, Poultry & Fisheries2.5.1 Livestock
Suggested contingency measures
Before the event During the event After the eventDrought
Feed andFodderavailability
As the district is frequently prone forfrequent drought, it should have reserves(feeding 5000 ACU (maintenance ration)for about 1-3 weeks period) of thefollowing at any point of the year formobilization to the needy areas
Silage:20-50 tUrea molasses mineral bricks(UMMB):50-100 tHay:100-250 tConcentrates: 20-50 tMinerals and vitaminsupplements mixture:1-5 t
Top dressing of N in 2-3 split doses @ 20-25 kg N/ha in CPRs with the monsoonpattern for higher biomass production
Harvest and use all the failed crop (Rice, Bajra, Groundnut,jowar, maize) material as fodder. Harvest the top fodder(Neem, Subabul, Acasia, Pipol etc) and unconventionalfeeds resources available and use as fodder for livestock(LS).Stall fed the LS so as to reduce the energy requirements ofthe animalsSupply silage / hay to farmers with productive stock onsubsidized ratesMild drought: hay should be transported to the droughtaffected villagesModerate drought: hay, silage and vitamin & mineralsmixture should be transported to the drought affectedvillagesSevere drought: UMMB, hay, concentrates and vitamin &mineral mixture should be transported to the drought
Short duration fodder crops ofSorghum / Bajra / Maize (UPChari, Pusa Chari, HC-136, HD-2/Rajkoo, Gaint Bajra, L-74, K-6677, Ananand / African tall,Kissan composite, Moti,Manjari, BI-7) should be sown inunsown and crop failed areasCapacity building to stakeholders on drought/floodmitigation in livestock sectorFlushing the stock to recoupReplenish the feed and fodderbanks
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crops in unsown and waterlogged areas when crops aredamaged and no chance to
replantApplication of urea (20-25kg/ha)in the inundated areas and CPRsto enhance the bio massproduction.
Floods In case of early forewarning (EFW),harvest all the crops (Rice, Bajra,Groundnut, jowar, maize etc.,) that can be
useful as fodder/feed in future (storeproperly)Dont allow the animals for grazing ifsevere floods are forewarnedAs regularly flood prone district, arrangefor storing minimum required quantity ofhay (25-50kg) and concentrates (25kgs)per animals in farmer / LS keepers house /shed for feeding animals during floodsArrangement for transportation of animalsfrom low lying area to safer places andalso for rescue animal health workers toget involve in rescue operations
Transportation of animals to elevated areasStall feeding of animals with stored hay and concentratesProper hygiene and sanitation of the animal shed
In severe floods, un-tether or let loose the animalsEmergency outlet establishment for required medicines orfeed in each villageSpraying of fly repellants in animal sheds
Repair of animal shedBring back the animals to theshed
Cleaning and disinfection of theshedBleach (0.1%) drinking water /water sourcesDeworming with broad spectrumdewormersVaccination against possibledisease out breaks like HS, BQ,FMD and PPRProper disposable of the deadanimals / carcasses by burning /deep burying (4-8 feet) with limepowder (1kg for small ruminantsand 5kg for large ruminants) inpitDrying the harvested cropmaterial and proper storage foruse as fodder.
Heat & Cold
wave
NA
Health andDiseasemanagement
Timely vaccination (as per enclosedvaccination schedule) against all endemicdiseasesProcure and stock emergency medicinesvaccines for important endemic diseasesof the areaSurveillance and disease monitoringnetwork to be established at Joint Director
Carryout deworming to all animals entering into reliefcampsIdentification and quarantine of sick animalsConstitution of Rapid Action Veterinary ForcePerforming ring vaccination (8 km radius) in case of anyoutbreakRestricting movement of livestock in case of any epidemicRescue of sick and injured animals and their treatment
Keep close surveillance ondisease outbreak.Undertake the vaccinationdepending on needKeep the animal houses cleanand spray disinfectants Farmersshould be advised to breed theirmilch animals during July-
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(Animal Husbandry) office in the district Organize with community daily lifting of dung from reliefcamps
September so that the peak milkproduction does not coincidewith mid summer
Insurance Encouraging insurance of livestock Listing out the details of the dead animals Submission for insurance claimand availing insurance benefitPurchase of new productiveanimals
Drinkingwater
Identification of water resourcesRain water harvesting and create waterbodies/watering points (when water isscarce use only as drinking water foranimals)Construction of drinking water tanks inherding places/village junctions/reliefcamp locations
Restrict wallowing of animals in water bodies/resources
Bleach (0.1%) drinking water /water sourcesProvide clean drinking water
Vaccination schedule in small ruminants (Sheep & Goat)
Disease Season
Foot and mouth disease (FMD) Preferably in winter / autumn
PPR All seasons, preferably in June-JulyBlack quarter (BQ) May / JuneEnterotoxaemia (ET) MayHaemorrhagic septicaemia (HS) March / JuneSheep pox (SP) December / march
Vaccination programme for cattle and buffalo:
Disease Age and season at vaccinationAnthrax In endemic areas only, Feb to MayHS May to JuneBQ May to JuneFMD November to December
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2.5.2 Poultry
Suggested contingency measures
Before the event During the event After the eventDrought
Shortage of feed ingredients Storing of house hold grain like maize,broken rice, bajra etc,Culling of weak birds
Supplementation only for productivebirds with house hold grainSupplementation of shell grit (calcium)for laying birds
Supplementation to all
Drinking water Rain water harvesting Sanitation of drinking water Give sufficient water as per thebirds requirement
Health and disease management Culling of sick birds.
Deworming and vaccination against RDand fowl pox
Mixing of Vit. A,D,E, K and B-
complex including vit C in drinkingwater
Hygienic and sanitation of poultry
houseDisposal of dead birds by burning /burying with line powder in pit
Floods
Shortage of feed ingredients In case of EFW, shift the birds to saferplaceStoring of house hold grain like maize,broken rice, bajra etc,Culling of weak birds
Use stored feed as supplementDont allow for scavenging
Routine practices are followed
Drinking water Provide clean drinking water Sanitation of drinking water Sanitation of drinking water
Health and disease management In case of EFW, add antibiotic powder indrinking water to prevent any diseaseoutbreak
Sanitation of poultry houseTreatment of affected birdsPrevent water logging surrounding theshedsAssure supply of electricitySprinkle lime powder to preventammonia accumulation due todampness
Disposal of dead birds by burning /burying with line powder in pitDisposal of poultry manure toprevent protozoal problemSupplementation of coccidiostats infeedVaccination against RD
Cyclone
Shortage of feed ingredients In case of EFW, shift the birds to saferplaceStoring of house hold grain like maize,broken rice, bajra etc,Culling of weak birds
Use stored feed as supplementDont allow for scavengingProtect from thunder storms
Routine practices are followed
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Drinking water Provide clean drinking water Sanitation of drinking water Sanitation of drinking water
Health and disease management In case of EFW, add antibiotic powder indrinking water to prevent any diseaseoutbreak
Sanitation of poultry houseTreatment of affected birdsPrevent water logging surrounding the
shedsAssure supply of electricitySprinkle lime powder to preventammonia accumulation due todampness
Disposal of dead birds by burning /burying with line powder in pitDisposal of poultry manure to
prevent protozoal problemSupplementation of coccidiostats infeedVaccination against RD
Heat wave and cold wave NA
2.5.3 Fisheries/ Aquaculture:
Suggested contingency measures
Before the event During the event After the event
1) Drought
A. Capture NA
Marine NA
Inland(i) Shallow water depth due toinsufficient rains/inflow
Stocking of advanced fingerlings inhalf or even less than the normalstocking density or stocking ofcommon carp seed
Immediate harvesting or decreasingthe density commensurate with thewater quantity.
De weeding and deepening of tank toensure retention of water for a longerperiod and provision of employmentunder MGNREGP
(ii) Changes in water qualityRegular monitoring of water qualityparameters and application of
Immediate harvesting or changingthe water quality by application of
Removal of top layer, deep ploughingof tank and application of lime
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geolites, soil probiotics, etc tomaintain water qaulity
sanitisers.
B. Aquaculture
(i) Shallow water in ponds due toinsufficient rains/inflow
Crop holiday or going for stocking ofyearlings by reducing the densityaccording to availability of water
Harvesting of fish and leaving thepond fallow till next season
Removal of top layer, deep ploughingof tank and application of lime
(ii) Impact of salt load build up inponds / change in water quality
Stocking of salinity tolerant fish /shrimp, application of geolites andother buffers
Frenquent change of water withfresh water
Frequent draining of the pond withfresh water, removal of top layers
(iii) Any other
2) Floods
A. Capture NA
Marine NA
Inland(i) Average compensation paid due toloss of human life
Shifting the people from low lyingareas to relief camps
Deployment of specially trainedpersons for rescue operations by
providing life bouys, jackets, ropes,boats, etc Payment sufficient ex-gratia to thefamilies(ii) No. of boats / nets/damaged Shifting and relocating boats and nets
to safer places when warnings areissued, to avoid fishing, etc
Shifting and relocating boats andnets to safer places
Assessment of damages to boats andnets and provision of boats and netsfor restoration of livelihoods
(iii) No.of houses damaged Avoidance of construction of housesin flood prone ares, construction ofpucca houses at elevated places, Shifting of people by relief boats
to the relief camps
Assessment of damages to houses andprovision of compensation in case ofpartial damage and sanction houseunder existing schemes
(iv) Loss of stock Avoidance of surface species likecatla, silver carp since they arevulnerable in tanks prone to floods,erection of nets across the spill way orjust beyond it Erection of nets at spill ways Taking up compensatory stocking
(v) Changes in water qualityWhen dissolved oxygen levels godown, aerators, recirculation of
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water, etc are to be attempted tomaintain DO levels, going forpartial harvest, etc
(vi) Health and diseases Sometimes there may be heavyaccumulation of nutrients and organicmatter.
There may be break out ofHeamorrhagic septicimea. Additionof antibiotics like Chloro TetraCycline or Oxy Tetra Cycline tothe feed to constrol the disease
Removal of weeds, top layer of soil,deep ploughing of tank andapplication of lime, exposing to sunlight
B. Aquaculture
(i) Inundation with flood water Raising and rivetting the bunds,construction of spill way to releaseexcess water, erection of nets to avoidescape of fish
Continuous pumping of excesswater, erection of nets low lyingareas
Strengthening of bunds, excavatingchannels along the sides of the pondsfor free escape of water
(ii) Water continuation and changes inwater quality
When dissolved oxygen levels godown, aerators, recirculation ofwater, etc are to be attempted tomaintain DO levels, going forpartial harvest, etc
(iii) Health and diseasesSometimes there may be heavyaccumulation of nutrients and organicmatter.
There may be break out ofHeamorrhagic septicimea. Additionof antibiotics like Chloro TetraCycline or Oxy Tetra Cycline tothe feed to constrol the disease
Removal of weeds, top layer of soil,deep ploughing of tank andapplication of lime, exposing to sunlight
(iv) Loss of stock and inputs (feed,chemicals etc)
Advance erection of nets,strengthening of bunds where they areprone to breaches, harvesting orreducing the density
Suspension of feeding, applicationof organic manures
Compensatory stocking, assessmentof values and payment of subsidy oninputs
(v) Infrastructure damage (pumps,aerators, huts etc)
Insuring pond, accessories, etc.,Shifting of aerators, pumps soon afterwarnigs are issued
Relocating pumps, aerators toelevated places
Assessment of damages and provisionof them on subsidy
(vi) Any other
3. Cyclone / Tsunami
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A. Capture
Marine
(i) Average compensation paid due toloss of fishermen lives
Avoidance of fishing, preventingfishermen from venturing into sea,carrying of safety equipment andVHF sets, shifting fishermen fromvulnerable areas to relief camps, etc
To ensure the return of fishingboats on long voyages, provision ofinformation on such boats to coastGuard
Payment sufficient ex-gratia to thefamilies
(ii) Avg. no. of boats / nets/damaged
Avoidance of fishing when warningsare issued, shifting of boats and netsto safe places
Shifting and relocating boats andnets to safer places
Assessment of damages to boats andnets and provision of boats and netsfor restoration of livelihoods
(iii) Avg. no. of houses damaged
Avoidance of houses in CoastalRegulation Zone, designing of housesto withstand impact of turbulent windand water
Shifting of people by relief boatsto the relief camps
Assessment of damages to houses andprovision of compensation in case ofpartial damage and sanction houseunder existing schemes
Inland
Erection of protective nets acroos thesurplus weir to prevent fish loss dueto overflows
Continuous monitoring to preventor minimise escape of fish alongwith surplus water Compensatory stocking of seed
B. Aquaculture
(i) Overflow / flooding of ponds
The design of the pond must be insuch a manner as to bail out surpluswater and to prevent loss of stanidngcrop
Continuous monitoring to preventor minimise escape of fish alongwith surplus water Compensatory stocking of seed
(ii) Changes in water quality (freshwater / brackish water ratio)
Recircualtion water to repleish andensure sufficient dissolved oxygenlevels in the pond. Maintenance of
salinity levels by pumping in waterfrom creecks. Continuation of the same process.
Restoration of physical and chemicalparameters(iii) Health and diseases
Removal of stress causing factors tomaintain the health of the animal
Removal of stress causing factorsto maintain the health of the animal
(iv) Loss of stock and inputs (feed,chemicals etc)
Preventive nets must be erected tominimise loss of stock Continuation of the same process. Compensatory stocking of seed
(v) Infrastructure damage (pumps, Pumps, aerators, etc must be protected To avoid use of aerators, pumps Overhauling of the eqipment to
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aerators, shelters/huts etc) by moving them to safe locations and other appliances prevent from being damaged
(vi) Any other
4. Heat wave and cold wave NA
A. Capture
Marine
Inland
B. Aquaculture
(i) Changes in pond environment(water quality)
(ii) Health and Disease management
(iii) Any other