ARTHROPODA

Justice League: Heisenberg(Hersh), The Dark Knight(Shivam) Martian Man Hunter (Nolan), Ajay Patel(Ajay)

ARTHROPOD BASICS

GERM LAYERS

3 (Triploblastic) Mesoderm Endoderm Ectoderm Have a body cavity

SYMMETRY

Bilateral Cut in half to have two mirror halves

COELOM

Coelomates A true coelom which forms from

mesoderm. Animals with true coeloms are coelomates.

DIGESTIVE TRACT

Complete, containing mouth and anus. Arthropods are protostome animals

(first opening in the embryo becomes the mouth).

CEPHALIZATION

Eyes, olfactory receptors, and antennae that function in touch and smell. Most sensory organs are concentrated at the anterior end of the animal.

SEGMENTATION

The body of an arthropod is divided into a series of semi-repetitive segments.

Each segment bears a pair of appendages such as antennae, legs, wings, or mouthparts.

Segmentation enables the arthropod body to develop specializations in each region of the body for specific functions such as feeding, sensory perception, locomotion, and visceral functions.

SKELETON AND APPENDAGES

Covered by the cuticle (exoskeleton) Invertebrates (no backbone) Protects the animal and provides points

of attachment for the muscles that move the appendages

General appendages include antennas, legs, and claws, modified mouth parts

CIRCULATORY SYSTEM

Open circulatory system A fluid called hemolymph is propelled by a

heart through short arteries and then into spaces called sinuses surrounding the tissues and organs.

Hemolymph reenters the arthropod hearth though pores that are usually equipped with valves.

RESPIRATORY SYSTEM

A variety of specialized gas-exchange organs that allow the diffusion of respiratory gases in spite of the exoskeleton.

REPRODUCTION

Arthropods reproduce sexually, as well as asexually.

In most terrestrial arthropods, sexual reproduction is carried out internally. In most aquatic arthropods, sexual reproduction occurs externally (eggs).

During asexual reproduction, parthenogenesis occurs. Parthenogenesis is when an unfertilized egg can develop into a new arthropod.

HABITAT

Arthropods live in nearly all environmental habitats of the biosphere Land, Ocean, Lakes, Air, Arctic