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8/16/2019 Just Enough English Grammar Illustrated - CONJUNCTIONS
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CHAPTER7
CONJUNCTIONS
7.1 What Is a Conjunction? 11
7.2 Joining Words 118
7.3 Joining Phrases 119
7.4 Joining Sentences
7.5 Review Eercises 121
Nouns
Adjectives
Ponouns "e#sAdve#s
Pe$ositions ConjunctionsIntejections
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Copyright © 2008 by Gabriele Stobbe. Click here for terms of use.
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7.1 %&'t Is ' Conjunction(
This is the final group of important words for forming
sentences that we will study. The most common conjunctions
that will be introduced in this chapter are and, or, and but.
A conjunction joins words or a group of words
of the same type.
'ndo #ut
A conjunction is a word used to join similar elements in a
sentence. These elements can be words, phrases, or
sentences. The conjunctions introduced in this chapter are
also called coordinating conjunctions, because theycoordinate elements that are similar .
7.2 Joinin) %ods
Here are examples that illustrate how conjunctions join
words — first, nouns with nouns, and then, adjectives
with ad jectives.
* 'nd e"resses addition
The following example shows and used as a
con junction between two wor ds.
Example: #nna 'nd Ja$e
Noun Conjunction Noun
Two nouns — in this case, the names of people — are joined by
the conjunction and, maing it possible to form a sentence
such as Anna and Jake are friends.
* o e"resses a choice
The next example shows or used as a conjunction between
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two wor ds.
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Example: %aria o #nna
Noun Conjunction Noun
Two nouns are joined by the conjunction or, indicating a
choice in a !uestion such as Can Maria or Anna come over?
"onjunctions can be used to join adjectives as well.
Example: green o "in$ &i$ini
Adjective Conjunction Adjective
Two e!ual elements—adjectives—are joined by the con junction
or. A full sentence could read Maria wears her green or
pink bikini almost every day during the summer.
7.3 Joinin) P&'ses
#n addition to joining two words of the same ind,con junctions can also be used to join two phrases.
* 'nd e"resses addition
The following example shows and used as a conjunction
between two prepositional phrases.
Example: 'or Ja$e 'nd (or %aria
Prepositional
PhraseConjunction Prepositional
Phrase
Here, two prepositional phrases are joined by the con junction
and. A full sentence could read The hula girl performed
f or Jake last week and for Maria this week .
* o e"resses a choice
The following example shows or used as a conjunction
between two prepositional phrases.
Example:
)ear the "oo* o in the *oc$erroo+
PrepositionalPhrase
Conjunction PrepositionalPhrase
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Two prepositional phrases joined with the conjunction or
could form the !uestion s the lifesaver near the pool or in
the locker room?
7.4 Joinin) Sentences
"onjunctions can also combine two sentences, just as they
join words or phrases.
* 'nd e"resses addition
The following example shows and used as a conjunction
between two sentences.
We went to the "oo*,
-he %i**er (a+i*. went to the "arade,
We went to the "oo*/ 'nd the %i**er (a+i*. went to the"arade,
Sentence
ConjunctionSentence
#n this example, two e!ual elements — in this case, two
complete sentences — are joined by the conjunction and$ theyare now combined into a single sentence.
* #ut e"resses contrast
The following example shows but used as a conjunction
between two sentences.
#** the (riends
ca+e, %aria was
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not there,
#** the (riends ca+e/ #ut %aria was not there,
SentenceConjunction
Sentence
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The conjunction but is also used to combine two sentences
into one. However, the use of the conjunction but ex presses
contrast in the sentence, while the conjunction and
ex presses addition.
Hi nt : When using conjunctions, make sure to join words or
groups of words of the same type. Later in your studies,
ot her conjunctions will be introduced that combine elements
t hat are different. These conjunctions have different r ul e s.
7.5 Revie+ E,ecises
A %nderline the conjunction in each sentence.
&. 'oes (en have a brother and a sister )
*. +he plays the piano and the guitar .
. -ae eats hot dogs or pia for dinner .
/. Anna and Andy play outside.
0. The 1owers are blue and pin .
2. He does not lie eggs or bacon.3. +he sings and dances.
- 'etermine whether the conjunction in red typeex presses addition, a choice, or contrast. 4rite A for
addition, C! for
a choice, or C for contrast.
&. (en lies ice cream, but +usan lies popsicles. *. +he will go to the party or to the beach.
. 5aria and -ae watch television.
/. They see the stars and the moon.
0. The dog bars, but the cat purr s.
2. (en wals or taes the bus.
3. He dives and jumps in the water .
C "omplete each sentence with the appropriatecon junction. "hoose one of the following6 and, or, but.
&. He enjoys reading r unning.
*. 4ill he dance with +usan 5ar ia)
. Anna has brown hair blue eyes.
/. He wants to swim, she wants to sur f .
0. (en 5aria go to school together .
2. 'oes she lie roses tuli ps)3. He lies foot ball, he prefers soccer .