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Cases Used:

Basis of Relief granted by Court; Averments contained in body;Prayer

the court may determine. its adequacy for allowance ofrelief on the basis of the averments contained in the body ofthe pleading

may grant relief although there is no prayer because theprayer is not even considered an essential part of a pleading.

Case/s:Vda. De Manalo vs. Court of Appeals, et al., 349 SCRA 136.Barnuevo vs. Fuster, 29 !"l. 6##

Certificate of Title; Conclusiveness with respect to ownership of land

Petitioner also argues that the plotting made by NLTDRA was anomalousbe!ause "ur#ey Plan $P%&'()* on whi!h pri#ate respondent+s title was based*!ould not be lo!ated, This argument la!-s merit, The law does not re.uireresorting to a sur#ey plan to pro#e the true boundaries o a land !o#ered by a#alid !ertii!ate o title0 the title itsel is the !on!lusi#e proo o the realty+s metesand bounds, "e!tion (1 o the Land Registration A!t* or A!t No, (23* pro#idesthat 4t5he original !ertii!ates in the registration boo-* any !opy thereo duly!ertiied under the signature o the !ler-* or the register o deeds o the pro#in!e

or !ity where the land is situated* and the seal o the !ourt* and also the owner+sdupli!ate !ertii!ate* shall be re!ei#ed as e#iden!e in all the !ourts o thePhilippine 6slands and shall be !on!lusi#e as to all matters !ontained thereine7!ept so ar as otherwise pro#ided in this A!t, 6t has been held that a !ertii!ateo title is !on!lusi#e e#iden!e with respe!t to the ownership o the land des!ribedtherein and other matters whi!h !an be litigated and de!ided in land registrationpro!eedings,

Case/s:Carvajal vs. CA, 89) "CRA '&;&221A. (; Binance Corporation vs. 9ineda !!> 7C%; ?>1, =211. u8on (ro'erage vs. C;, !@) 7C%; ?1, ?>!, as reiterated

in Bernan vs. Court of ;ppeals, !! 7C%; =?), ==!

Trademarks% descriptive word can be used as part of acoined* mark

5!"le a des(r"pt"ve ter0 or p!rase 0a% not e re"stered as a trade0ar or trade na0e %"tself, "t 0a% e used as part of a (o"ned ord or 0ar, and as a (onseuen(e, 0a% lose "ts

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ener"( or des(r"pt"ve ele0ent. &!e (o"ned ord 0a% t!en e re"stered as trade0ar or

tradena0e. For "nstan(e, t!e ord 7pas8 "s ener"( or des(r"pt"ve and 0a% not, % "tself,

e re"stered as a 0ar. $oever, as used to for0 t!e (o"ned ord 7Salo0pas8, 7pas8loses "ts des(r"pt"ve propert% and t!e result"n (o"ned ord (an e 0onopol"ed and

re"stered as a trade0ar.

Cases/

Marvez Commerical Co. Inc. vs. Petra Hawpia & Co., 1+ SCRA 11:+ ;1966)2, ;pril A,!>>).8, Dansart "e!urity $or!e @ Allied "er#i!es Company #s, agoy* 388

"CRA 32(* B,R, No, &39(2'* uly 8* 8)&)

Possession; Recovery

The a!tion to re!o#er property pertains to the owner o the thing* and hemay pro!eed not only against the person in a!tual possession but against

1Dansart Se(ur"t% For(e = All"ed Serv"(es Co0pan% vs. Bao%, 622 SCRA 694, .R. -o. 16+49*, >ul% 2,

2#1#.

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anyone unlawully detaining it, The possessor has the presumption o title in hisa#or* but i the plainti !an pro#e his title as owner and establish the identity othe property !laimed as his* he will be entitled to re!o#er the property* e#en i thepossession seems legalied by a !on#eyan!e,

Case#s:en$o%a vs. &!l'encio* 9 P=6L, 8(0 Cleto vs. Salva$or* && P=6L, (&30 (ar'asvs. E'amino* &8 P=6L, '30 Samson vs. Salvilla* &8 Phil, (210 )eres vs. Cortes*&' P=6L, 8&&0 Salac!" vs. Ram*ac* &1 P=6L, 8&0 Ci$ vs. )eralta* 8( P=6L, &(8

Presumption of Death

7Bot! prov"s"ons, as t!e"r lanuae pla"nl% "0pl"es, are "ntended as

a sust"tute for fa(ts and so are not to e ava"lale !en t!ere are fa(ts.5"t! part"(ular referen(e to se(t"on 69 ; ii< of Rule 123, ?t!e s"tuat"on

!"(! "t presents "s one "n !"(! t!e fa(ts are not onl% unnon ut

unnoale. B% !%pot!es"s, t!ere "s no spe("f"( ev"den(e as to t!e t"0e ofdeat! . . . .? . . . "t "s assu0ed t!at no ev"den(e (an e produ(ed. . . . S"n(e

t!e fa(ts are unnon and unnoale, t!e la 0a% appl% t!e la of

fa"rness appropr"ate to t!e d"fferent leal s"tuat"on t!at ar"ses.? ;)@

5"0ore on v"den(e, 194# ed., 4+3.