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BSERVERJune 8 16 Pa • e

TOUR BUSESLeft to right: Wally Oref, Clifford Barkley, Dorothy Drake, and Merritt Gum

Vol. 2 No. June 28, 1963 Page 2

TWO DIESEL BUSES ADDED TO OBSERVATORY EDITORIALFLEET

If you see a blue-bodied bus with a silver topr3aring d,-Avr,. route 28, dm't flag it to pick youup ad drop you off at the next corner. It's notthe Cass-Green Bank-Arbovaie Express. It' sonly one cif the NRAO tYarist buses on its regulartour route. The captain at the wheel will eitherbe Merritt Gum Cr Clifford Barkley, dependingon which of the two buses you see at the time.

The Observatory has acquired two diesel busesfor touring purposes and in doing so has struckanother blow against man-made radio noise.Tourist cars with their noisy ignition systemswill sit in the parking lot while their occupantstake a care-free tour of the site and facilities.

After the lecture and movie in the conferenceroom the buses are scheduled to leave theJansky Laboratory at 3:00 p.m. on regular tourdays. From the laboratory they will go to thecalibration horn, 85-foat, 40-foot, and 140-footby the way of the main Observatory road. Theywill travel to the 300-foot over the back road,past the base of the 140-foot, and return to thelaboratory by the high school raad and route 28.Tour time ty bus is one hour -- give or take afew minutes either way.

While not new buses, Paul Devlin and his crewhave done an excellent job reconditioning themto look and to run like new. Both buses will beequipped with intercom systems.

You can take a ride free on our buses. All youhave to do is take a regular tour (yep, that' s thecatch). Who knows? It could be educational.How many of our employees know how manyoperating telescopes the Observatory has? Doyou?

The picture of the NRAO site taken in theearly 1900's, which appeared on the coverof the May issue of The Observer has beenthe cause of much discussion, both on andoff the site.

A brief explanation of the picture was givenin the text; however, due to some who mis-understood the purpose of the picture, a moredetailed expla.nation Mims.

The picture was taken behind what is nowFarmers Supply, looking southwest towardthe property which is now the NRAO site.The steam engine is a tractor which was usedin conjunction with a threshing machine; it isnot a moonshine still as some would like tobelieve.

There are some people who believe the reasonfor printing this picture was to show a differ-ence of Eying standards before and after thearrival of NRAO to the Green Bank-Arbovalearea. Had this been our purpose, r m surewe could have found pictures which wouldhave told a better story.

Our reason was to show the NRAO site, or asmuch of it as possible, as it appeared morethan 50 years ago. Pictures, which can becopied, taken during that period are veryscarce. Therefore, we had no choice of pic-tures which we could use. To those who wereoffended we extend our apologies and hopethey understand our reasons.

We wish to thank the following people whoprovided us with information and researchmaterial: Mrs. Nola Shears, Mr. MoodyOrndoff, Mr. Forrest Irvine, AttorneySharp' s office, and Mrs. Thomas Dunbrack.

We hope to continue this project and wouldappreciate any information, pictures, andresearch material, which we may borrow,to help us with a detailed and accurate his

of the area. The Editor.

Vol. 2 No. 7 June 28 1963 Pate

suMMER STUDENT PROGRAM

Over 100 applications were received fromstudents throughout the United States wish-ing to participate in the NRAO's summerprogram. After many hard hours of con-sideration thirteen graduate students repre-senting eleven universities and nine under-graduates representing eight universitieswere chosen.

In our graduate summer program this yearwe have:

William Burns from Corapolis, Penn. , whois doing his graduate work in ElectricalEngineering at Carnegie Tech and is workingunder the supervision of Dr. Wade.

Carlson Chambliss from Hartford, Conn.,has been at the University of Pennsylvaniain the field of Astronomy for one year aftercompleting his undergraduate work at Harvard.

Marvin DeJong, his wife and one year old sonhave arrived from Troy, New York whereMarvin is in Astronomy and Physics atRensselear.

Mark Fagerlin, who is working in the Elec-trcnics Lab, is in Physics (Radio Astronomy)at the University of Florida having done hisundergraduate work at University of PugetSound in Tacoma., Washington.

Allen Harris is an astronomy student at theUniversity of Pennsylvania and his home isPhiladelphia. Allen has been working withNigel Keen.

Carl Heiles, his wife and son are back withus for another year. Carl is in Astronomyat Princeton and is originally from Toledo.The Heiles are living in an apartment in theResidence Hall.

Edward Ng, originally from Hong Kong,arrived from New York. Edward is inPhysics and Astronomy at Columbia Mil.-versity, having completed his undergraduatework at the University of Minnesota andTrinity College. He is working with NigelKeen.

Douglas Pease, a first year graduate studentin Math and Physics at the University ofConnecticut, did his undergraduate work atDartmouth and West Virginia University andis a semi-resident of Pocahontas County --Buckeye -- where his parents have a farm.Doug is working with Dr. Low on his mill-meter wave project.

James Seebach is from Case Institute inOhio, an astronomy student who did hisundergraduate work at Union College inSchenectady.

Yervant Terzian is with us once more fromIndiana University where he is an astronomygraduate student. Yervant spent part of lastyear instructing in Elementary Astronomyand is quite busy now working on his masterthesis.

Richard Weber from Glen Moore, Penn.,is an astronomy graduate student at theUniversity of Maryland. Richard may befound working with Dr. Gart Westerhoutnear the accounting offices.

Jerome Cohen is with us once again this year.Jerry is from Carnegie Tech in ElectricalEngineering and is working under the super-vision of Dr. Wade.

William Gingerich from West Virginia hasbeen a student of Electrical Engineeringat West Virginia Institute of Technology inMontgomery, W.Va. Bill is married andhas two children. His family will not bewith him here at the Observatory this summer.

Vol.. 2, No. 7 June 28, 1963 Page 4

suMMER STUDENT PROGRAM, Continued

Students in the undergraduate program are:

Jonathan Cook, a student in physics at TrinityCollege, Hartford, Conn. Mr. Cook hopes todo his graduate work in astronomy and is workingunder the supervision of Dr. Heeschen. He makeshis home in Muskogee, Oklahoma.

Joseph Finch of San Antonio, Texas is a juniorphysics major at Texas A. and M. presentlyworking with Dr. Johnson.

Elizabeth Pike, our only female summer student,is a junior Physics major at Vassar. Elizabethis from Connecticut and is working with Dr. Drake.

Jeffrey Linsky of Buffalo, New York has justfinished his undergraduate work in Physics atMIT. Jeffrey will be working with David Hoggin preparation for his graduate work in Astro-physics which he will begin this Fall.

Michael Parker also at MIT has just finished histhird year in Electrical Engineering. Michaelcan be found working in the Electronics Lab.His home is Bunnell, Florida.

Wade Poteet from South Charleston, W. Va. , hasjust finished two years at North Carolina Statein the school of Physics. Wade is working withNigel Keen and - has lately been seen climbing anantenna under NJK's direction.

Paul Thomas is from Kentucky and a third yearstudent at the University of Louisville in theDepartment of Physics. He can be found workingin the office of Dr. Bertil Hoglund.

Robert Drake, a student at Cornell University, isWorking with Dr. Low in his millimeter wave proj-ect.

Patricia Bryant

A FIRST ATTEMPT TO OBSERVE THERADIO ASTRONOMICAL EFFECTS OFWEST FORD J. W. Findla and B. Hansson

The following brief note describes an experi-ment which so far has failed and for thefailure of which the experimenters have sofar been unable to find a satisfactory explana-tion. The note will be of interest to thereaders of the Observer but obviously is notmeant for general publication,.

Attempts were made to observe the transitthrough the beam of the NRAO 85-foot radiotelescope of the patch of the WF belt whichwas being illuminated by the Millstone HillWF transmitter. The coordinates of thisilluminated patch were calculated for 5minute intervals of time by Lincoln Lab andsupplied to NRAO before each pass. TheNRAO telescope was positioned in advanceof each transit at the HA and declination ofthe expected transit and a drift curve observed.The transmitter was very near to 7750 Mc/s,(small corrections due to Doppler and otherreasons were known and allowed for). Theaverage power radiated exceeded 10 kw.The receiver was a very simple total powercrystal mixer with a "'radio astronomers'snoise temperature of about 400 °K. Thereceiver time constant was 2 seconds andtwo bandwidths, 8 Mc/s and 1 Mc/s, wereobserved simultaneously. The Miley figure(AJ 66,105, 1961) for the expected antennatemperature adjusted for the bandwidthsused, suggests that antenna temperaturechanges of about 2 °K (8 Mc) and 18 °K(1 Mc) should have occurred. The peak topeak noise on the records was about 0. 5 °K(8 Mc) and about 1.3 'X (1 Mc). No WFsignals were received.

Errors may have occurred in either settingthe receiver frequency or in positioning thetelescope. Double checks (exhaustive andexhausting) were made on both these sourcesof error.

Continued next page --

Peter Tong, whose home is in Philadelphia, gradu-ated from the University of Delaware in ElectricalEngineering this June. He is working in Electronicswith Jim Dolan.

..‘rel No 8 June 28, 1963 Page 5

wEST FORDContinued

NIZA0 hopes to look again, but 5-6 weeksmust elapse since the telescope has otherduties. Dr. Harold Weaver at the Univers-ity of California hopes also to attempt toobserve using his 85-foot and the CampParks transmitter.

Many people at Lincoln helped by computingilluminating, and discussing. We hope toget a positive result next time.

was represented by Peter Good, who actedas liaison between Pacific Crane and RiggingCo. and ON-FILM CO.

We thought the beard worn by Charley Whiteof PC and R was grown because he expectedto have a major role in the film being made.He still has the beard so he must have grownit for some other reason. He apparentlyrules the roost at his home. We know someother fellows around here who shaved offtheir beards upon. request from their wives.

140-FOOT TELESCOPE

Mr. W. A. Grottaku, Vice President andChief Engineer of Pacific Crane and RiggingCompany, arrived at the 140' on June 3rdfor a series of conferences with AUI andS and W representatives.

Mr. Greenwood, after returning from atrip to Sun Shipbuilding and Dry Dock Co. inChester, Pa. , on which he was accompaniedby Peter Good, remarked that Mr. Goodbuzzed around at Sun Ship like a "Blue TailedFly". This was Mr. Good's first trip to afabricator' s shop as photographer for the140'. We hope he remembered an importantthing about movie making and put some filmin his camera. We're awaiting developmentof his first footage and hope he has somethingon it.

Mr. Small returned from his Memorial Dayweekend in New York on Monday night, June 3.Some difficulty was experienced in finding aplace to land the plane, which flew him downfrom Brookhaven, because of bad weather con-ditions. They finally landed in Clarksburg withonly 'minutes' of their gas supply remaining.Man, level land isn't found everywhere in thisstate in case it's needed for emergency landings.Hope they don't cut it that close again.

On Friday, June 14th, ON-FILM CO. , a pro-fe

ssional movie firm was on site making a movieon aluminum welding for ALCOA. The 140'

300-FOOT TELESCOPE

The end of this month concludes the NRLpolarization experiment. The NRL peopleseem quite happy with the results they aregetting, and are quite enthusiastic aboutthe 300' telescope.

The Department of Terrestrial Magnetism,Carnegie Institute of Washington takes the300' next, with their travelling feed andmultichannel receiver. This will be theirthird visit to the 300'. Their program isexpected to last six weeks.

In anticipation of the great amount of equip-ment necessary to install and operate amultifeed system on the 300', operationspeople have been busy planning a tempo-rary Works Area provided console, whilethe regular console is being relocated up-stairs. Location of the operating consoleupstairs will give the operator some viewof the telescope and a better idea of weatherconditions.

Telescope Operations welcomes two newmembers to its group -- Lloyd Hunter andDarrell Southern. Both hail from theBeckley area. Lloyd has three children andhopes to move his family to this area beforetoo long. Darrell is a very eligiblebachelor.

.No. 8 June 28 1963

85-FOOT TELESCOPE

The 85 1 telescope has recently undergoneextensive changes at its focal point and in itscabling. A ring, which provides a more suit-able equipment area behind the focus, replacesthe conical Blaw-Knox provided feed supporttermination.

The first feed to be installed on this new ringis the so-called shaped feed provided byHenry Jasik. A week of testing this feed isanticipated, after which time the much toutedmaser, operating at 6 cm, will be installed.

Dick Spurlock has aptly demonstrated hisagility in climbing the 85'.

Jim White, who janitors at the 85" and 300',has complained about what appeared to be cartire skid marks on the floor of the 85' controlroom. One too many, Jim? Seriously, howdid the marks get there?

ENGINEERING DIVISION

Work has started on the new warehouse build-ing by E. L. Harris and Son, Inc. , a construe-don firm from Charleston, W. Va. The build-ing will be 60' wide by 160' long, contain 9,600square feet of floor space and be completed inthe fall.

Some site work is now in progress on the 85-Interferometer project and it is hoped thatsteel erection will start the latter part ofAugust.

Paul Haim, the engineering co-op student fromDrexel, has been replaced by Wayne Statler.William Sheets, a summer student from WVU,also joined the Division for the summer and themen (Don Newsom and Jim DeBrunner) fromAll-State Engineering will work within theDivision.

RECREATION AREA

Base work is progressing steadily on thetwo new tennis courts now under construc-tion for this summer so that constructioncosts will be kept to a minimum.

The two new tennis courts will be to thesouth and adjoining the present courts.

A new filter system has been installed at theHannah well and a water line run to the tenniscourt area A drinking fountain will be placedat the tennis courts. Additional plumbing atthe well will permit laying a line to the picnicarea in the future.

The work order is in for the long sought fortennis-handball wail. The wall will be lo-cated at the east boundry (towards DeerCreek) of the basketball court. Plans callfor a wall 28 feet long, 16 feet high with a5/8 inch plywood wall facing supported by2 x 6' s.

Recently new signs have been placed to guidepeople to the picnic area. Please enter thepicnic area as indicated by the signs.Several other signs have been erected toindicate safe driving speeds in the recrea-tion area. Many instances of excessivespeeds have been witnessed in the past. Wedon't want a single child injured. Watchthem -- they won't watch you.

And where are all the budding golf pros.The Marlinton golf course awaits you. Thelush green turf is begging for the touch ofyour feet and the gentle caresses of yourlovin irons.

Best of all golf is free to members of theNRAORA. All you have to do is pick upa membership card and head for the num-ber one tee. If you have never played --so what? Arnold Palmer wasn't a pro thefirst time he played either. In the wordsof that famous senator, good old Jack S.Phogbound, 'Tis better to have played andduffed, than to have never duffed at all. 11

vol.. 2, No. June 28, 1963 Pa

LAB GAB

The traveling wave (ruby) maser is now inthe low noise lab where necessary experi-ments are being performed on it to insureproper functioning when it is installed onthe 85-foot telescope.

The 85-foot dish has had an appreciable facelifting job done on it. A new front end sup-port in the shape of a ring in place of the oldpillbox has been installed making it a littleeasier to install front end systems forreceivers we use here at the lab.

The maser system was built by AirborneInstruments Lab on Long Island in New York.It receives at 4995 megacycles per secondand can detect almost infinitesimal amountof signal from outer space. The maser rubyis cooled by liquid helium to a temperatureof about minus 452 degrees F, which is inturn kept cool by liquid nitrogen, all in a triplewalled vacuum dewar Das: (a fancy thermosbottle).

It is expected to be installed on the 85-footdish by the first of July. Oh yes -- theservices of a good service station operatorare need to "gas" up the maser every day inall kinds of weather -- any takers?

We will have to do without any "Ole Sarge says"sayings until Dick Skaggs comes back fromhis 2 weeks Army camp duty. He will no doubthave a few sage sayings for us.

We understand Peck McPherson is havingan "unexpected vacation" in the PocahontasMemorial Hospital. Best wishes from allof us and we hope to see you back soon.

Hein Hvatum participated in rationRescue. See him for details.

Bert Hansson returned from a trip to Bostonand New York with a new Corvair.

Bertil HOglund returned June 17 from atrip to the west coast, etc. He says hehad a very nice time despite the cartroubles.

Nigel Keen vacationed in Mexico City andwe hear that he has many interestingstories to tell.

Dewey Ross returned recently from a businesstrip to Washington -- where he discovered howto run a lab with one unit oscillator and one oldvolt-ohm-meter. When asked for a statementconcerning his trip, all he said was "Bah Humbug."

Lost -- one station wagon mattress.

Mr. Ralph Cooper has joined the lab as anelectronic technician. He will be working withJohn Hensley in the test equipment repair group.

Paulo Mariotto, from Brazil, now workingat Carnegie in Washington, will be visitingthe Observatory for several weeks. Wehope you have a pleasant stay.

Visitors -- B. Lindblad, Sweden; GreggSmith and Bob Wolczok, AIL, New York;George Peter and Durwood Teeter,Cornell University, New York; HenryJasik and A. D. Bresler, Jasik Labs,New York.

2.Vok N0 7 June 2 , 1963 Page 8

RATIONAL RIFLE ASSOCIATION

The Director of Civilian Marksmanship, De-partm

ent of the Army, has announced that itis making available to members of theNational Rifle Association the .30 M-1 carbine.

The stated purpose of the National Rifle As when formed in 1871 was to promote

the marksmanship of those persons subject tomilitary service. Of course, the NRA programshave now expanded to include many facets of thefirearms field. Its program for the averagecitizen-member has been to provide through theDCM surplus or unserviceable weapons at anominal fee. Unserviceable weapons are thosethat are safe to shoot, but have damaged or mis-sing peripheral parts. Unserviceable also hasmeant those weapons that are outdated to thepoint that they are no longer issued to troops.They will, in most cases, serve very well astraining weapons.

One of the early rifles made available to theNRA members was the military version of theWinchester Model 87 single-shot low-wallmusket, which sold for $1.50. Perhaps themost famous has been the 1903-1903A3 30-06Springfield which has just been discontinued,but sold for $14.50.

The cost of the M-1 carbine to NRA membersis $20.00 as opposed to $70-80 asked by com-mercial suppliers for weapons in near first-class condition.

The NRA has been flooded by requests for thecarbine by its members -- over 100,000 re-quests have been received in less than two months.

The M-1 carbine is no great shakes as a huntinggun. It was designed primarily as replacementfor the service pistol. It is semiautomatic,gas operated with a detachable 15 or 30 roundclip.

One can get some idea of its ballistic propertiesby comparing it to some of our more popularCalibers.

r—i

4 000 NVD 0

r-1

00czI

r-1

;•4

0

Several conclusions may be drawn by look-at the above tabulation, but the most obviousone to the deer hunter is that the carbinebullet has little more than half the energyof the time-honored nthutty-thuttyn . This,of course, is the reason why most peoplebelieve the carbine to be woefully inade-quate for deer. The general feeling is thatmost states will outlaw the carbine for deerhunting.

On the other hand, however, the M-1 car-bine can fill a definite need in the shooter'sgun lineup. It does give a half decentshowing on varmints up to 100 yards. Itis the type of gun that one would enjoyshooting at running targets with, or shoot-ing rapid fire at fixed targets.

Continued next page --

Vol. 2, No. 7 June 28 1963 Page 9

NRA4 Continued

In these days of supervelocities andmagnum calibers, the carbine enjoys thecharacteristics of light recoil, light weight,and light report. These factors add up tosay that the M-1 carbine can be quote a bitof enjoyment, and is certainly worth themodest $20,00 asked for it. Ammunitionis available from the DCM, or commercialoutlets.

MESSAGE FROM MR. AND MRS. V. R.VENUGOPAL

Before leaving Green Bank we desire toexpress our sincere thanks to all theemployees of NRAO and their families formaking our stay here happy. We enjoyedour stay in this part of the USA and carrywith us very pleasant memories.

Best wishes to all.Mr. and Mrs. V. R. Venugopal

BIRTHDAYS -- JULY

4 Vincent Scott5 Warren Wooddell

12 Bruce Nottingham21 Gene Crist23 Ed Wilson26 Glen Grandon27 Bert Hans son29 Maxie Gumm30 Ralph Perry31 Ed Gardner

NR A.ORA PICNIC

The date selected for the Observatorypicnic is July 13. The exact time willbe announced later, but it will begin inthe early afternoon. Plans for food andrefreshments are proceeding nicely asare entertainment preparations. Coopera-tion and interest are needed to make thisa successful occasion. So remember youhave a date at the recreation area on July13, Saturday afternoon. Bring the familyand a big appetite.

CONSERVATION NEWS

One of West Virginia' s newest publicfishing areas, Plum Orchard Lake, wasofficially opened Saturday, June 22.

The lake is located in Fayette County,about 4 miles from the Mossy Interchangeof the W. Va. Turnpike and is stockedprimarily with large mouth bass.

Present regulations for the lake will per-mit motor boats, with restricted speeds,on some parts of the lake. At full level,the lake has a shore line of 6 1/2 milesand will be over 1 1/2 miles long at thelongest point.

Neil Horner is thinking of going into thefarming business. There is a questionof $125,000.00.

Margaret Irvine' s father died June 21with a heart attack. Margaret wasMr. Callender's former secretary.

Vol. 2 No. 7 June 28 1963 e 10

TO SAME --

1957 Buick station wagon.

See or call Troy Lusk, ext. 260.

Fro SALE --

One Shetland pony about 1 year old.

This is a young stallion, quite

spirited. He is black with white

spots, and will make a very nice

pet for the children when trained

(the pony, that is). For more

details, see Bill Meredith.

WANTED -

A bumper or tripod jack suitable

for a 1956 Buick. See or call

Wally Oref, ext. 211 or 456-2239.

FOUND - -

Zippo cigarette lighter with

"Bruce" carved on the side.

See Virginia Irvine.

Voi. 2, No. 7 June 28, 1963 Page 11

IrulE CAS SCIEMIC AJIL ©AB

Ride the Cass Scenic Railroad behind a unique steam Shay locomotivein beautiful mountainous Pocahontas County.

1963 Centennial Operating Sehedu e

June 15 through September 2

Saturday, Sunday, and holidays 11:00 a. m. , 1:00 p. m. , and 3:00 p. m.Wednesday, Thursday, and Friday - 1:00 p. m. and 3:00 p. m.No trips on Monday and Tuesday

Note: Schedules are adhered to as closely as possible but the railroad reserves the right toalter schedules as operating conditions demand.

ROUND TRIP FARES

Adults $2.00, includes tax

Children, under 12 $1.00, includes tax

Tickets may be obtained at the ticket office in the Cass Depot.

Sandwiches and soft drinks are available nearby, or bring your own

picnic lunch. Picnic tables are located on the mountain, at the end

of the four mile railroad line. The eight mile round trip takes

about two hours.

For additional information call 456-4264.