Washington County Cooperative Extension Service

June 2019

Volume 15

Prevent Diseases In Roses 2

June Plant of The Month 2

June To Do’s 3

Watering Vegetables 4

Pest of The Month 4

Wheelbarrow Series 5

Recipe of The Month

Inside this issue:

HORTICULTURE

Spectacular blooms and diverse types and varieties make roses a favorite of many Kentucky gardeners. However, warm, humid growing conditions create an ideal environment for serious problems each year with black spot and powdery mildew.

Gardeners can nip these fungal diseases in the bud by planting resistant or tolerant varieties and creating an unfavorable environment for disease development. It may be necessary to use fungicides throughout the summer, especially on susceptible varieties.

The Washington County Cooperative Extension Service has materials on resistant and tolerant varieties. Nursery catalogues also publish this information.

To reduce foliar diseases, try to avoid conditions where rose leaves remain wet for an extended period of time. Do not wet foliage when watering plants and allow sufficient time for leaves to dry before nighttime. Prune shading vegetation from overhanging trees and provide space between rose bushes to improve ventilation and sunlight penetration.

Sanitation also is important for managing rose diseases. If you have not already removed and destroyed old leaves, winter-damaged canes and debris, do it as soon as possible. These items are a source of disease-causing organisms.

Many fungicides are labeled to control rose diseases. Always check the label to be sure the product controls black spot and powdery mildew, and read and follow application instructions. To maintain disease suppression, repeat fungicide applications at 10- to 14-day intervals throughout the growing season.

Black spot produces dark, circular spots with fringed borders on the top or bottom of leaves. Infected leaves often turn yellow and drop, reducing flower numbers and quality.

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Prevent Diseases In Roses Nichole Gauthier UK Plant Pathologist

White, powdery fungal growth is a sign of powdery mildew. It is easy to locate on such plant surfaces as leaves, stems and buds. Infected leaves may be small and deformed.

Two other important, but less common, foliar diseases of roses are downy mildew and rust. Downy mildew produces lesions that are an off-color, later turning purplish-brown. It leads to defoliation. Rust-colored spots on leaves and stems indicate, rust. Severely infected leaves may shrivel and turn brown.

Another summertime disease is rose rosette, which affects roses throughout Kentucky. It is not a fungal disease.

This disease is spread by a microscopic mite. The primary host is multiflora rose, a thorny plant native to Asia and introduced into the United States as a conservation plant and “living fence.” The disease also affects cultivated roses.

Early symptoms are increased growth of shoots, which appear more succulent than normal and develop excessive thorns, and distorted, dwarfed leaves. The affected shoots are not winter hardy and produce few blooms. Rose plants eventually die.

Early disease detection is essential to keep rose rosette from spreading. Remove and destroy any infected roses to keep the disease from healthy plants nearby. Carefully remove diseased plants to avoid scattering disease-carrying mites to other plants. Since multiflora roses might be a disease reservoir, remove and destroy any located within one-eighth of a mile from the rose bed.

For more information on growing roses, contact the Washington County Cooperative Extension Service.

Prevent Diseases In Roses Nichole Gauthier UK Plant Pathologist

Allow Tangerine Skies™ Arborose® to climb high in your garden and light up the landscape with its gorgeous orange color. This sun-loving climber is eager to please and will reach heights of up to 8 feet! Perfect for tall trellises or arbors, its

welcoming beauty and heavy scent will astound and stun all who walk by. The brilliant blooms comes in a range of citrusy shades such as orange, peach, and mango and look stunning set against its glossy medium green foliage.

A member of the Kordes family, Tangerine Skies™ has a remarkable resistance to common diseases such as Black Spot and is tough enough to withstand drought and humidity with grace. This climber is fairly low-maintenance and needs only some pruning to ensure highest performance. Add this bold orange rose to your collection for fragrance and color that will make your garden stand out

June Plant of The Month

Rose Tangerine Skies™ Arborose®

*Apply approximately one tablespoon of Ammonium nitrate one foot from the base of each tomato in late June. This will force some new growth and give you more late tomatoes while the first ones are ripening.

*If you want sweet corn later in the season make additional plantings in June.

*Vegetables gardens as well as flower beds need approximately one inch of water per week.

*Tomatoes and peppers are less likely to get diseases early on if you apply a mulch before soil gets a chance to splash onto their leaves.

*Begin a fungicide program for tomatoes. Mancozeb, maneb, and daconil give good protection against most tomato diseases. Copper based fungicides will give some control for those wanting to remain organic.

*Mulch works just as well for vegetable gardens as it does for ornamentals!

*If you haven’t mulched flower beds go ahead and do so. Mulch will greatly reduce the time it takes for soil to dry out.

*Keep an eye on container plants, they will need watering usually at least once a day in the heat of summer and maybe twice a day for really pot bound large plants. If you haven’t planted your containers yet mix a cup or so of a moisture

holding crystal that will hold water and release it when plants need it.

*June is also a good time to fertilize annuals again especially if they are starting to turn yellow from the bottom up.

*Spring blooming clematis should be pruned immediately after flowering in June. Summer and fall blooming clematis should be pruned in March before new growth occurs.

*If you would like to attract hummingbirds plant beebalm,

lobelia, cleome, columbine, four oclocks, impatiens, petunias, and trumpet vine.

*Feeding hummingbirds with feeders will likely increase your numbers. Wash the feeder weekly if the sugar water is gone or not. Rinse it with 10% bleach and rinse thoroughly.

*Let your grass grow longer during dry spells. This will help shade the ground and conserve moisture in the plant.

*If you haven’t planted your sweet potatoes yet you still have plenty of time. A large local greenhouse has a lot of slips for sale.

*Sweet potatoes are heat loving and prefer loose well drained soil with weekly water requirements of an inch. To help conserve

moisture and keep the soil loose apply a couple inches of good organic mulch. Straw works great!

*Cut back spring blooming bulb foliage when it turns yellow. Don’t do it before it turns yellow or you will reduce next seasons bloom.

*Remember to water your compost pile and turn it regularly. If it dries out it won’t “cook” properly and you won’t have a good finished product.

*Don’t be surprised if your tree fruits drop some of their load. This is normal and aptly called “June Drop”. The trees are just managing their crop load.

*Spray fruit crops periodically with a multi-purpose fruit spray for insects and diseases. Most homeowners don’t need perfect fruit but biting into a wormy apply isn’t pleasant.

*Some berry crops such as blackberry and raspberry will ripen or start to ripen this month so keep an eye out for birds. They can clean your plants relatively quickly. Bird netting is your best bet for deterrence.

June To Do’s

You might think vegetables will be the best quality only if they get adequate water throughout the growing season.

It’s important that you water vegetables well while they are being established and during flowering, but sometimes the best quality garden produce results when water is somewhat limited.

All vegetables need a good supply of soil moisture before and during flowering and during fruit development. For crops such as cabbage and broccoli, this period is during establishment and head development.

One to two inches of water per week, in the form of natural rainfall or supplemental irrigation is enough for most vegetables during this time. For vegetables you continually harvest, such as eggplant, tomatoes, peppers, summer squash and green beans, it’s important to keep an adequate supply of water to the plant. This ensures even soil moisture throughout the growing season, and it will keep plants productive longer. Consistent soil moisture on tomatoes will also help prevent blossom end rot and cracking of fruit.

You should withhold water from potatoes once the vines have begun to die. The tubers under the soil are entering dormancy at that time and excess water or fertilizer may cause regrowth or cracking of the potatoes, which makes them less suitable for storage.

Cucumbers will become bitter without a good supply of moisture throughout the entire growing season. On the other hand, melons will produce a sweeter fruit when they are kept drier once the fruit has reached about half of its expected final size.

For melons, don’t cut off water completely. Continue to provide one-half to one inch of water per week. Heavy rain or irrigation when the melons are nearly mature will dilute the fruits’ sugar. Watermelons will reconcentrate the sugar if left on the vine a little longer. Muskmelons, however, are less apt to do this.

Okra tends to produce more leaves than pods when it’s over watered, so try to keep these drought-tolerant plants on the dry side.

A layer of mulch in the vegetable row will help conserve moisture, reduce weed growth and keep produce cleaner. Using black plastic film as a mulch has become standard in commercial vegetable production, but most backyard growers still prefer organic mulches such as straw, wood chips, composted leaves or grass clippings. By Rich Durham Horticulture Specialist UK.

Providing The Right Amount of Water To Summer Veggies

Four-lined plant bugs are sap-feeding insects that can severely damage over 200 species of perennial plants, especially herbs. A dark brown to black, 1/16- inch diameter spot appears at each feeding site. Saliva injected as the insects feed kill surrounding tissue, which eventually dies and drops, leaving small holes. The damage is most intense on the new growth.

Adults are yellow-green with 4 black stripes running along the back. They are good fliers, moving from plant to plant. The immature nymphalid stage is bright red to orange with black markings. They cannot fly so they remain on plants and cause pockets of extensive damage. Management

A floating row cover can be used as a physical barrier.

Insecticidal soap or pyrethrins can be used as contact sprays with some success.

The insect must be hit with the spray and repeated applications are needed. By Lee Townsend.

Pest of The Month Four-Lined Plant Bugs

February 7 AM or PM Lasagna Gardening FREE!

February 28 AM or PM Growing Tomatoes, Peppers, and Eggplants $5.00

March 7 AM or PM Simplified Spray Program For Fruit Trees FREE!

March 14 AM or PM Growing Thornless Blackberries in Kentucky $20.00

March 21 AM or PM Growing Oriental Poppies in Kentucky $10.00

March 28 AM or PM Must Have New Perennials $40.00

April 11 AM or PM Growing Root Crops In Kentucky FREE!

April 18 AM or PM Add A Tropical Flair With Elephant Ears $10.00

May 2 AM or PM Sensational Succulents $10.00

May 16 AM or PM Culinary Herbs $10.00

May 23 AM or PM Hardy Cactus For Kentucky Gardens $20.00

May 30 AM or PM Zinnias $5.00

June 6 AM or PM Great Gourds $5.00

June 13 AM or PM Preserving The Harvest FREE!

June 20 AM or PM Making Hypertufa Planters $10.00

June 27 AM or PM The Other Pollinators FREE!

August 15 AM or PM Lacto Fermenting FREE!

August 29 AM or PM Leaf Casting $5.00

Basic Registration For Any and All Classes $5.00 X

Total From Above

Minus Discount of $10.00 if Doing Entire Series And

TOTAL

September 19 AM or PM Helleborus $15.00

November 14 AM or PM Easy Houseplants FREE!

November 7 AM or PM For The Birds FREE!

October 17 AM or PM Tulips $10.00

October 10 AM or PM True Lilies $15.00

September 26 AM or PM Weed Identification and Control FREE!

September 5 AM or PM African Violets FREE!

Gardeners Wheelbarrow Series 2019 Fill Out Registration Return To The Extension Office

245 Corporate Drive Springfield KY, 40069 Office 859-336-7741 Fax 859-336-7445

Email dennis.morgeson@uky.edu

Washington County Cooperative Extension Service

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Ingredients

Directions

Ingredients:

Balsamic Honey Glaze:

1/2 cup balsamic vinegar

3 tablespoons honey

Flatbreads:

6 flatbreads

12 pieces of cheese, such as Havarti (2 per flatbread)

1 cup blackberries, halved

Directions:

Preheat oven to 400°F. Place flatbreads on a baking sheet and add two slices Havarti cheese, blackberries, and strawberries. Bake for 5-7 minutes, or until cheese is melted. After flatbreads are removed from oven, add chopped basil and honey balsamic glaze. Serve warm.

To make the glaze: Add balsamic vinegar and honey to a small sauce pan and simmer until reduced by half (10-15 minutes). Remove from heat and set aside.

Berry and Basil Pizza Crisp with Honey Balsamic Glaze