July 2003 doc.: IEEE 802.15-04/266r0 Submission Slide 1IEEE 802.15.4 Interest Group a Leadership Project: IEEE P802.15 Working Group for Wireless Personal

July 2003 doc.: IEEE 802.15-04/266r0

Slide 1 IEEE 802.15.4 Interest Group ‘a’ LeadershipSubmission

Project: IEEE P802.15 Working Group for Wireless Personal Area Networks (WPANs)Project: IEEE P802.15 Working Group for Wireless Personal Area Networks (WPANs)

Submission Title: [802.15.4IGa Informal Call for Application Response]Date Submitted: [14 July, 2003]Source: [Jason Ellis- IEEE 802.15.4IGa Vice-Chair; Larry Taylor- IEEE 802.15.4IGa Chair; Responses contributed from 13 sources- details follow in the presentation] Company [Various]

Address [ELLIS- General Atomics- 10240 Flanders Ct., San Diego, CA 92121]Voice:[+1 (858) 457-8749], FAX: [+1 (858) 457-8740], E-Mail:[[email protected]]

Address [TAYLOR- Staccato Communications-5893 Oberlin Dr. San Diego, CA 92121]Voice:[+1 (858) 642-0111], FAX: [+1 (858_ 642-0161], E-Mail:[[email protected]]

Re: [This submission is in response to the committee’s request to identify applications enabled by an alternate 802.15.4 PHY]

Abstract: [Having discussed new features offered by candidate technologies, this presentation compiles 13 informal CFI contributions. The last slide is a summary and leadership recommendation]

Purpose: [For discussion by IEEE 802.15.4IGa]

Notice: This document has been prepared to assist the IEEE P802.15. It is offered as a basis for discussion and is not binding on the contributing individual(s) or organization(s). The material in this document is subject to change in form and content after further study. The contributor(s) reserve(s) the right to add, amend or withdraw material contained herein.

Release: The contributor acknowledges and accepts that this contribution becomes the property of IEEE and may be made publicly available by P802.15.

July 2003 doc.: IEEE 802.15-04/266r0


802.15.4 Interest Group ‘a’

‘Informal’ Call For Applications14 Respondents and 15.4IGa leadership

summary and recommendations

July 2003 IEEE 802.15 MeetingSan Francisco

July 2003 doc.: IEEE 802.15-04/266r0


Table of ContributorsSource Affiliation(s) Pages

• Patrick Houghton Aetherwire & Location 4-12• Jason Ellis General Atomics 13-17• Lajuane Brooks LB&A Consulting 18-21• John Lampe Nanotron Technologies 22-24• Uri Kareev Pulsicom 25-28• In Hwan Kim Samsung Electronics 29-34• Ted Kwon Samsung / CUNY 35-39• Mark Bowles Staccato Communications 40-43• Philippe Rouzet ST Microelectronics 42-56• Oren Eliezer InfoRange 57-61• Kai Siwiak TimeDerivative / Q-Track 62-65• Peter Batty Ubisense Limited 66-71• Serdar Yurdakul Wisair 72-80• Richard NowakowskiCity of Chicago- OEMC R&D 81-88• 15.4IGa Leadership (Summary & Recommendation)

89

7:10

7:20

7:25

7:35

7:45

7:50

8:00

8:10

8:15

8:25

8:35

8:45

8:55

9:05

9:20

MondayEvening~ Times

July 2003 doc.: IEEE 802.15-04/266r0


Contribution #1Patrick Houghton

(408) 400-0785 [email protected]

Aetherwire & Location

http://www.aetherwire.com

July 2003 doc.: IEEE 802.15-04/266r0


Applications• Finding People

– Situational Awareness for Soldiers– Firefighter Rescue

• Finding Assets– Autonomous Manifesting– ISO Container Security

• Machine-to-Machine (M2M)– Wireless Sensor Networks– Home/Office Automation– Robotics

Houghton- Aetherwire

July 2003 doc.: IEEE 802.15-04/266r0


Situational Awareness for Soldiers

• No Effective Means of Indoor Location

• Confusion and lack of Communication and Control

• Sounds are confusing and difficult to localize

• Seconds count...• Localizers provide

ID and location• Avoid Fratricide• Positive IFF


July 2003 doc.: IEEE 802.15-04/266r0


Military Operations in Urban Terrain


July 2003 doc.: IEEE 802.15-04/266r0


Firefighter Rescue• When Firefighters are trapped or lost,

there is no effective way to rescue them• Trapped or lost firefighters, if conscious,

often don’t know their own location• Unlike the Movies, structural fires are

characterized by heavy smoke and darkness

• Sounds are diffused by smoke and difficult to localize

• Seconds count...• If they are known to be on the scene

(sometimes they are not), it may take a long time before a firefighter is missed

• Commanders don’t know status of their firefighters (oxygen level, health, etc.)


July 2003 doc.: IEEE 802.15-04/266r0


Track Firefighter Status


July 2003 doc.: IEEE 802.15-04/266r0


Finding Assets for DOD


July 2003 doc.: IEEE 802.15-04/266r0


Machine-to-Machine (M2M)• Wireless Sensor Networks for Industrial Automation &

Control– Wiring for sensors fixed to pipes can cost $10 to $25 per foot– Thousands of temperature monitoring points in typical installation– Cost of wiring exceeds cost of sensor

• Office and Home Automation– HVAC Controller Wire Replacement– Office/Home Security Systems

• Robots in Manufacturing– Mobile robot navigation & docking– Relieve robots from cables & avoid expensive infrastructure

• Large Potential Market for low-power, mobile, ad-hoc networks– Also known as: Invisible Networks, Ad-hoc Networks, Mesh

Networks– Most solutions don’t address LOCATION


July 2003 doc.: IEEE 802.15-04/266r0


Device Requirements• Market requirements for a device to provide

communication and precise 3D position in a low-power wireless Mobile ad-hoc Network (peer to peer with rapid acquisition of new members) Data Rate: 10K bits/second Network Size: can scale to 1 Million nodes Can Operate in High Noise and High Multipath

Environment Cost: Under $1 in quantity - single chip device Range: 30 meters (good penetration) Power Consumption: <1mW 3D Position with cm range accuracy Compatible with sensors


July 2003 doc.: IEEE 802.15-04/266r0


Contribution #2Jason Ellis+1 (858) [email protected]

General AtomicsPhotonics Division

http://www.ga.com/uwb

A leader in sensor and wireless technology

July 2003 doc.: IEEE 802.15-04/266r0


Inventory Control

• Warehousing– Allows quick and precise pinpointing of

goods• Retail shops

– Supports real-time tracking of shipments /pallets• Can quickly locate and read items on densely

loaded pallets

– High valued items• i.e. No security wires preventing customers

from trying on leather jackets

Ellis- General Atomics

July 2003 doc.: IEEE 802.15-04/266r0


Location of Sensors

• In a very dense environment, with lots of sensors, the ability to locate a particular sensor may be very important– Faulty sensor on production line


July 2003 doc.: IEEE 802.15-04/266r0


Security

• Workstation locks when user goes out of range

• Automobile unlocks when driver comes within range- supports cars of the future

• Authentication based on precise location– Point of sale– Wireless Ethernet users


July 2003 doc.: IEEE 802.15-04/266r0


Summary of Requirements

• Addressed by present PHY– Low cost- throwaway– Low power consumption- long battery life

• New features to be supported by Alternate PHY– Precision location determination capability

• 3 inches to 3 feet accuracy

– Support for co-location of many devices• Scenarios call out for high aggregate capacity


July 2003 doc.: IEEE 802.15-04/266r0


Contribution #3Lajuane Brooks


LB&A Consulting

Potential 802.15.4a Application to Enhance Child Safety at Home, in Schools, & in Times of Crisis

July 2003 doc.: IEEE 802.15-04/266r0


The wireless infrastructure provides a vehicle for a formal child safety infrastructure

• Providing private, personal-area-safety nets for child localization at home, in schools, etc.$

The child safety infrastructure promotes faster deployment of the wireless infrastructure

• Converting wireless niceties into essential appliances that protect children from harm

Market for Wireless Safety Devices

The public has issued an overwhelming request for more proactive safeguards

• 58,000 children are reported as abducted by a non-family member every year• 40% of children abducted by strangers are murdered (NCMEC, 2002)• Most children abducted by strangers are killed within 4 hours, so it is critical to

respond quickly (Walsh 2001; DOJ) • We have no formal infrastructure that accounts for children during times of crisis

Background: Personal-Area-Networks (PANs) can provide Personal-Area-

Safety

Brooks- LB&A Consulting

July 2003 doc.: IEEE 802.15-04/266r0


Opportunity to Establish a Technological Foundation for Wireless Child Localization

IEEE 802.15.4High

PrecisionLocalization

Other Enabling Technologies

IEEE 802.15.4 High Precision Localization

• Availability of Location Data to Upper Layers

• Adaptable Physical Layer• Extend to Business Environment

Standardized Child Tracking Can Be Extended to Wider Area Coverage Incorporating Interoperability and Compatibility

Near - TermNear - Term Future - TermFuture - Term


July 2003 doc.: IEEE 802.15-04/266r0


In parallel with IEEE 802.15.4a:Invitation to a High-Tech Child Safety

ForumDeveloping Solutions with Key Support

Assemble the Stakeholders in Child Safety, Crisis Response, & Wireless Communications

Together Examine the Feasibility of a Child Safety Infrastructure

Government Agencies (NIST, FCC, DOJ, etc.) Wireless Communications Developers Children’s Clothing & Shoe Manufacturers RF Tag Manufacturers & Distributors Children’s & Parents Advocacy Groups Security Monitoring Services Mapping & Positioning Software & Services

Is the Technology Ready?

Present the Technological Options

Is Society Ready?

Compile Product RequirementsA High-Tech Child Safety Roundtable

A One-Day Event on Wednesday, October 8A One-Day Event on Wednesday, October 8 thth, 2003, 2003

George Washington University Grand Ballroom, Wash DCGeorge Washington University Grand Ballroom, Wash DC

www.KidLocate.net


Privacy Protection

“Provide protection without giving up privacy?”

Positioning Data“How will location

data be accessed?”

RF-ID“Concealing RF-ID Tags in Children’s

Clothing?”

TechnicalTechnicalFeasibilityFeasibility

“Can it be done?”

Incident Escalation

“A more cohesive relationship between

police & the community?”

Parent Supervision

“Can it supplement parent supervision without

substituting it?”

July 2003 doc.: IEEE 802.15-04/266r0


Contribution #4John Lampe

+49 30 399 954 0 [email protected]

Nanotron Technologies

http://www.nanotron.de

July 2003 doc.: IEEE 802.15-04/266r0


Benefits Which Open up Applications

• Simple and accurate position calculation• Extended range• Extremely power efficient• Compatibility with DSSS• Simultaneous sensing of multiple 15.4 channels• HIGH

– Performance (high symbol rate)– Reliability (predictable minimum range, network planning)– Robustness against multipath fading– Robustness against interference

• LOW– Transmit power– Human exposure– Latency– Cost

Lampe- Nanotron

July 2003 doc.: IEEE 802.15-04/266r0


Some Applications• Transportation• Asset tracking• Mission critical (e.g. industrial)• Low latency tolerance applications (e.g. control,

gaming, streaming)• Device sharing/participating among multiple

networks (multiple simultaneous channel sensing)

• 15.4 Network extension (backward-compatibility)• Cordless phones• VOIP• Longer battery life

Lampe- Nanotron

July 2003 doc.: IEEE 802.15-04/266r0


Contribution #5Uri Kareev

[email protected]

Pulsicom

http://www.pulsicom.com

July 2003 doc.: IEEE 802.15-04/266r0


Location Aware Application

Application Loc. finding importance

Few bits comm. importance

True comm. importance

Comments

Healthcare inventory tracking

Critical Important Nice to have

Healthcare – people tracking

Critical Important Nice to have

Workforce - people tracking

Critical Important Not important

Kareev- Pulsicom

July 2003 doc.: IEEE 802.15-04/266r0


Location Aware Application continued




Comments

Warehouse management

Critical Nice to have Irrelevant

Supply chain management

Critical Nice to have Nice to have

Building automation

Nice to have / Important

Critical Critical

Retail store customer tracking

Critical Not important

Not important

Kareev- Pulsicom

July 2003 doc.: IEEE 802.15-04/266r0


Location Aware Application continued




Comments

Theme park tracking

Critical Irrelevant Irrelevant Note, this is one of the few places that can get along with bad location accuracy

Document tracking Critical Irrelevant Irrelevant This application, for full potential needs UWB

Inventory management

Critical Not important

Irrelevant

Kareev- Pulsicom

July 2003 doc.: IEEE 802.15-04/266r0


Contribution #6In Hwan Kim

[email protected]

Samsung Electronics

http://www.samsung.com

Use of Location Awareness and Sensing Capabilities for 802.15.IG4a Applications

July 2003 doc.: IEEE 802.15-04/266r0


Envisioning Applications

• Home Usage:– Sensing/Tracking of babies/children/pets– Tracking of missing items (e.g., keys)– Personal tags for activating services (e.g., open door,

personalized services)

• Home Network should track (recognize) smartly– Who is who? (e.g. kid, mom, dad, grandma….)– Where is he/she?– What kind of services he/she want?

• Requirements– Sensing– Tracking – Location awareness– Low power– Low cost– Security

Kim- Samsung

July 2003 doc.: IEEE 802.15-04/266r0


Application Scenario (1 of 3)• Dad enters home• The human device (Dad’s watch) broadcasts Dad’s

ID.• After ID authorized, Dad’s preferred devices (such

as PC, Fax, Mailbox, Phone, TV, Homecare, Hot water supply system) get ready for operation

• Dad is moving toward one of the rooms• With location awareness, devices near Dad are

operating– For example: when Dad is entering the living room

• Received mails are notified• Answering machine notifies received calls• Stock channel is turned ON

Kim- Samsung

July 2003 doc.: IEEE 802.15-04/266r0


Application Scenario (2 of 3) - ID Awareness

Kim- Samsung

Study Room

Dining Room

Living Room

Bed Room

Bath RoomDad preferred devices are ready…(ID Awareness)

Dad enters home…

July 2003 doc.: IEEE 802.15-04/266r0


Application Scenario (3 of 3) - Location Awareness

Kim- Samsung

Study Room

Dining Room

Living Room

Bed Room

Bath Room

Dad is moving to Study Room…

Notify receiving e-mail

Notify receiving faxes

Notifies received calls

Notify receiving mailStock channel ON

Dad is moving to Living Room…

Hot water ON

Dad is moving to Bath Room…

Notify health information

Dad is moving to Bed Room..

Devices near Dad are operating…(Location Awareness)

July 2003 doc.: IEEE 802.15-04/266r0


Conclusion and Issues• Sensing & tracking can be used for

activating personalized services in home network– Sensing is important for identification– Tracking is important for location awareness.

• Issues:– Need to design efficient PHY & MAC

algorithms for sensing & tracking– Need to consider whether the usage of

location awareness capability falls into the scope of the FCC regulation

Kim- Samsung

July 2003 doc.: IEEE 802.15-04/266r0


Contribution #7Ted Kwon / Myung Lee

[email protected] /

[email protected]

Samsung / CUNY

July 2003 doc.: IEEE 802.15-04/266r0


Communications and Networking

• Routing– Replacing GPS-assisted routing

• Low cost, low power• At the cost of processing• Indoor as well as outdoor

– Center-location• Minimum link cost of a group (e.g. multicast,

cluster)– Optimal tree or mesh network formation– Smart flooding (avoid redundant flooding)

• MAC– Exposed terminal problem is solved

Kwon- Samsung/CUNY

July 2003 doc.: IEEE 802.15-04/266r0


Communications and Networking (cont.)

• Directional Antenna– Using topology information

• Accurate Handoff – Less sensitive to hysteresis of RSSI

• Topology Management– Topology-aware sensing– Smart sensor deployment– Power control

Kwon- Samsung/CUNY

July 2003 doc.: IEEE 802.15-04/266r0


High Precision Positioning

• UWB nodes can measure distance between themselves– Time of flight (btw. pulse time and

arrival time)– Theoretically, sub-centimeter order

• Extension of GPS indoors– GPS signal is useless indoors (non-

LOS)

Kwon- Samsung/CUNY

July 2003 doc.: IEEE 802.15-04/266r0


Distance-aware Application• The feature that low-cost UWB devices can

precisely measure the distance between the two communication parties can promote the following example applications:– To prevent children from walking away from parents;– Shutdown TVs when kids move too close to the them;– To prevent the lost of key chains, wallets or other

luxury accessories;– Automatically turn on/off the light or other devices

when people enter/leave the room, garage and etc.– Wireless Tape Measure: measuring distance using

UWB devices (convenient and saves man power)!

Kwon- Samsung/CUNY

July 2003 doc.: IEEE 802.15-04/266r0


Contribution #8Mark Bowles


Staccato Communications

http://www.staccatocommunications.com

July 2003 doc.: IEEE 802.15-04/266r0


Shrink-wrapped Smart Home Systems

Bowles- Staccato

• High density wireless network of controllers, sensors, and actuator nodes for:– Environment control– Energy management (metering and

smart appliances)– Security and identification– Emergency monitoring and safety

(earthquakes, fire)

• Smart Home solutions need to be inexpensive, easy to install, and not limited to new homes

July 2003 doc.: IEEE 802.15-04/266r0


Requirements

Bowles- Staccato

• Must address existing home market (not just new homes) • Automated address/control system provisioning and

networked to PC control system SW– Address assignments and control provisioning done

automatically/wirelessly by the network through location-awareness and smart algorithms, not by an electrician or technician or consumer

– Ad-hoc sensor/control network then automatically communicates with PC or other platform over wireless interfaces and network control SW runs on host system and is auto-configured

• No battery– battery lifetime must be longer than device’s lifetime so that

installation is simplified and inexpensive– Energy scavenging from vibration, light, etc.

• Multipath robust– reliable communication in harsh multi-path environment (e.g.

foil-backed insulation in the walls)• Low cost

– <$2 per node

July 2003 doc.: IEEE 802.15-04/266r0


Radios Everywhere

Bowles- Staccato

• Very low cost and very long battery lifetime has made microcontrollers an integral part of almost every electrical and electronic product made, and now they permeate even the smallest capillaries of our everyday lives with more than 15 billion units on the planet.

• Radios will follow microcontrollers’ evolution and integration in everyday appliances once they will become location-aware, and will reach similar price, form factor, and power consumption levels.

July 2003 doc.: IEEE 802.15-04/266r0


Contribution #9Philippe Rouzet / Vanni

Saviotti +41 22 929 58 66

philippe [email protected] , [email protected]

ST Microelectronics

http://www.st.com

This contribution reflects STM’s view about potential usage of Low Data Rate WPAN

July 2003 doc.: IEEE 802.15-04/266r0


Rationales for UWB as candidate for LDR WLANS/WPANs for sensor-like

applications• Several LDR standards/solutions

already exist or are close to exist, amongst which:– Bluetooth – Zigbee

• A new standard is necessary if and only if the required features are very different from the ones that will be provided by current standards/solutions

Rouzet- STMicroelectronics

July 2003 doc.: IEEE 802.15-04/266r0


Why STM identified new needsTypical application 1


July 2003 doc.: IEEE 802.15-04/266r0


Main Requirement

• Locate and identify devices – within an area, – moving to another authorized area, – or “lost”

• Over time (autonomy must last for months or years, no maintenance)

• A device (com. +loc.+energy) is a small fraction of a $


July 2003 doc.: IEEE 802.15-04/266r0


Typical Application 2Networks with distributed devices for large structures

monitoring


July 2003 doc.: IEEE 802.15-04/266r0


Application 2 Requirement

• Self aware location devices within an area with self configuration, self maintenance and expandability capabilities.

• Over time (autonomy must last for years, how to re-energize the battery?)

• A device (com. +loc.+energy) is a small fraction of a $


July 2003 doc.: IEEE 802.15-04/266r0


Typical Application 3Networks of wearable mobile devices


July 2003 doc.: IEEE 802.15-04/266r0


Application 3 Requirement• Locate and identify devices/people within an area• Communicate sensor information• Over time (autonomy must last for months,

devices can be re-energized)• A device (com. +loc.+energy) is some $, can be

much more with certain kinds of sensorsExample: 1. For tracking and safety purposes in large

communities environments such as schools and hospitals (large range, medium or large population)

2. For preventive medicine , health monitoring and health therapy purposes. Typically Body Area Networks


July 2003 doc.: IEEE 802.15-04/266r0


Properties (1 of 2) (for next slides, features are mainly extracted from application 1 which is

the highest demanding )

• Thousands of active devices may exist in one area

• Devices are as simple as possible (no processor inside, could even be deaf?…)

• Communication is at very low data rate (Kbps?)• Communication is uncoordinated (sporadic or

with low periodicity)• Network is ad’hoc. A controller node exists and

concentrates the intelligence• Devices are mainly sleeping (powerful power

save mechanisms)• Devices can be located easily (see next slide)• Reliability of transmission is essential


July 2003 doc.: IEEE 802.15-04/266r0


Properties (2 of 2)

• Localization– Must be offered at very low cost (no

specific sensor UWB is a very good candidate

– Must be done thanks to a simple exchange protocol using only local time of devices and “normal” precision clocks

– Required precision is some 10s of cm or 1 m:

Good time resolution in the system UWB– Devices can move (10-20 mph)


July 2003 doc.: IEEE 802.15-04/266r0


Regulation• The system can be operated in open

environments (~outdoor)• A frequency band must exist UWB,

possibly with restrictions• The population density can be huge very

low TX level, very low duty cycle factor, possibly mechanisms to spread the emission over the full band for a given population in one large area

• using and overcrowding the ISM bands does not appear as a good choice


July 2003 doc.: IEEE 802.15-04/266r0


Technology

• Fraction of a $, autonomous (battery powered) for months – CMOS !– No processing needs – No initial set up– No big precision oscillator– Good realistic examples are chips for smart

cards same objectives (Quantity, cost, manufacturability, …) but with antenna and battery included


July 2003 doc.: IEEE 802.15-04/266r0


Some Initiatives in Europe• European Large R&D: Programs: PULSERS (IST), WITNESS

(MEDEA+) – planned start date end 2003 (TBC)

• Known advanced activities in Europe:– Technology (battery, full CMOS high frequency transceivers, …)– Protocols (processor-less H/W MAC)– Algorithms: localization (tracking, range estimation, …) and

routing– Communication: pulse based modulation for extremely simple

transceivers

• Possible cooperation between European Programs and IEEE 15.4.Ig4a supporters: user requirements, technology (e.g. antenna, integrated batteries),…

• STM is strongly supporting an alternate PHY study for 15.4


July 2003 doc.: IEEE 802.15-04/266r0


Contribution #10Oren Eliezer

[email protected]

InfoRange

July 2003 doc.: IEEE 802.15-04/266r0


Package Tracking• Currently, mostly bar-codes are used, requiring visual

contact with the tracked item, creating not only an accessibility issue but also consumes time.

• Solving these issues is worth the added cost of a wireless-label (assuming a very low cost solution, e.g. sub $2).

• UWB based identification could offer the advantages of:– Shorter reading time (a whole truck could be read in

seconds)– No need for line of sight within a reasonable range – Automatic warning provided by the tracking system

whenever a package is being loaded on a truck/container heading towards the wrong destination, or when a package is mistakenly offloaded

– Locating a package within the truck/container/warehouse

Eliezer- InfoRange

July 2003 doc.: IEEE 802.15-04/266r0


Shipment and Delivery Applications -

Comparison with Asset Management• Similar to the asset management applications in some

requirements

• More sensitive to cost of wireless label to be attached to each packet/item to be tracked

• Higher volumes (the labels are a lot more temporary compared to those of asset management, and are attached to many more items)

• Higher aggregate bit-rates needed (e.g. full truckload of packages to be scanned/read within seconds)

multiple packages/items (e.g. 1000) reader (fixed or portable)

Eliezer- InfoRange

July 2003 doc.: IEEE 802.15-04/266r0


Discussion of Transmission only Devices

• With a low level of transmission assumed (e.g. below 1mW), the receiver may consume more than the transmitter.

• If a wireless label is to be implemented as a transponder that would transmit its message only in response to being polled, then it might have to waste more energy in reception than in getting its message through (receiver not only consumes more but is powered on for longer intervals).

• Since power consumption should be minimized, and periodically powering a receiver could be wasteful, transmission only devices should be considered.

• If a device’s message comprises very little data, and the air-occupancy and spectrum of the transmission allow for coexistence with many other devices, then asynchronous (device initiated transmissions) should be allowed.

• A message may incorporate an indication whether it is a response to some inquiry/polling or not, but the central reader should also be able to accept those ‘unexpected’ periodic transmissions.

Eliezer- InfoRange

July 2003 doc.: IEEE 802.15-04/266r0


Market Potential• Currently, security/access control and

transportation are the most widely adopted applications in the RFID industry, but by 2006, supply chain management applications could hold the lion’s share of RFID market revenues.

• The market for transponders in 2000 was about $500M

• The market for readers in 2000 was about $200M

• With the availability of a global standard also having a location capability, the market potential for such applications is extremely high !

Eliezer- InfoRange

July 2003 doc.: IEEE 802.15-04/266r0


Contribution #11Kai Siwiak / Jerry Gabig

(954) 937-3288 / (256) 512-0020 [email protected] / [email protected]

TimeDerivative / Q-Track

www.timederivative.comwww.q-track.com

Real Time Location Service (RTLS) Applications, Range and Accuracy Requirements in P802.15.4

July 2003 doc.: IEEE 802.15-04/266r0


Real Time Location Systems (RTLS)

CORE RTLS Applications Range Accuracy

High value inventory items (warehouses, ports, motor pools, manufacturing plants)

100-300 m

30-300 cm

Sports tracking (NASCAR, horse races, soccer)

100-300 m

10-30 cm

Cargo tracking at large depots to including port facilities

300 m 300 cm

Vehicles for large automobile dealerships and heavy equipment rental establishments

100-300 m

300 cm

Key personnel in office / plant facility 100-300 m

15 cm

Children in large amusement parks 300 m 300 cm

Pet/cattle/wild life tracking 300 m 15-150 cmSiwiak- TimeDerivative

July 2003 doc.: IEEE 802.15-04/266r0



Niche Commercial Markets Range Accuracy

Robotic mowing & farming 300 m 30 cm

Supermarket carts (matching customers with advertised products)

100-300 m

30 cm

Vehicle caravan / personal radios / family radio service

300 m 300 cm

Military Applications Range Accuracy

Military training facilities 300 m 30 cm

Military search & rescue: lost pilot, man-over-board, Coast Guard rescue operations

300 m 300 cm

Army small tactical unit “friendly forces” situational awareness - rural and urban

300 m 30 cm

Siwiak- TimeDerivative

July 2003 doc.: IEEE 802.15-04/266r0



Civil Government / Safety Applications Range Accuracy

Tracking guards & prisoners 300 m 30 cm

Tracking firefighters and emergency responders

300 m 30 cm

Anti-collision system: aircraft / ground vehicles

300 m 30 cm

Tracking miners 300 m 30 cm

Aircraft landing systems 300 m 30 cm

Detecting avalanche victims 300 m 30 cm

Locating RF noise and interference sources

300 m 30 cm

extension to LoJack® vehicle theft recovery system

300 m 300 cm

Siwiak- TimeDerivative

July 2003 doc.: IEEE 802.15-04/266r0


Contribution #12Peter Batty

[email protected]

Ubisense Limited

http://www.ubisense.net

July 2003 doc.: IEEE 802.15-04/266r0


Healthcare Applications• Streamlining hospital processes

– Locating staff– Finding wandering patients– Ensuring records remain with the patient– Updating electronic records with current

care status

• Asset tracking and management– Finding equipment– Evaluating equipment usage to improve

purchasing

• Workplace safety– Panic alarms with position-finding capability

• Demand now: Large US & UK ambulatory care hospitals

Batty- Ubisense

July 2003 doc.: IEEE 802.15-04/266r0


Workplace Productivity Applications

• Better communications between distributed sites– Moving maps– Phone call forwarding– Asynchronous messaging

• Sharing space more effectively – Low-overhead personalisation– Measurement of space utilisation– “Pay-as-you-go” billing for space

• Recording activity in a corporate memory– “Who was at the meeting last week?”

• Demand now: Multinationals implementing distributed workplace strategies

Batty- Ubisense

July 2003 doc.: IEEE 802.15-04/266r0


Security Applications• Enhancing CCTV coverage

– Activity-based video stream selection

• Daytime intruder detection– Correlate data from active tracking and

passive (IR, weight, radar) sensors

• Visitor management– Enforcing restricted zones and escort

policies

• Asset tracking

• Automatic ‘man-down’ detection

Demand now: Defense contractors, gemstone processing facilities

Batty- Ubisense

July 2003 doc.: IEEE 802.15-04/266r0


Other Application Areas• Retail environments

– Personalised retail experience– Footfall analysis– Locating friends and family in

malls

• Hazardous training– After-action review for urban

combat training– Man-down detection in

firefighter training simulators

Batty- Ubisense

July 2003 doc.: IEEE 802.15-04/266r0


Requirements• Technology requirements are:

– High position accuracy (~15cm, 3D, 95% confidence level)

– High update rate for real-time-response

– Moderate range– Low power– Simultaneous low bitrate telemetry– Low cost implementation

• Future 802.15.4 solutions enhanced with high-accuracy location capability seem well-suited

Batty- Ubisense

July 2003 doc.: IEEE 802.15-04/266r0


Contribution #13Serdar Yurdakul


Wisair

http://www.wisair.com

July 2003 doc.: IEEE 802.15-04/266r0


802.15.4a and Synergistic Applications

• 802.15.4a applications focus on – Multiple sensors environment, localization

and ranging, Smart ID’s

• Synergy with High Bit-Rate applications– Multiple video streaming and Fast data

transfer

• Combination of these applications and 802.15.4a will together provide enhanced capabilities and high value-add to such applications

Yurdakul- Wisair

July 2003 doc.: IEEE 802.15-04/266r0


Smart Remote Control• Remote control with 802.15.4a

capabilities• Home theater systems supporting

wireless streaming of Audio & Video

• Full-duplex communication between the remote controller and the home theater equipment– Display system status on the remote

control– Display cover art of played media– Display media directory– Provide the user with the location of the

remote control

Yurdakul- Wisair

July 2003 doc.: IEEE 802.15-04/266r0


Audio “Sweet Spot”Prime listening position for

an audio system; the “best seat in the house.” The sweet spot is the listening position for which an audio system is optimized. Normally located halfway between the speakers and back 6 to 8 feet for a stereo audio system, the sweet spot is where optimal sound quality is encountered

Yurdakul- Wisair

July 2003 doc.: IEEE 802.15-04/266r0


Automatic “Sweet Spot” Calibration

• Automatically adjust speakers audio “sweet spot”

• The user carries an 802.15.4a Tag

• Both speakers and A/V Receiver have 802.15.4a and wireless streaming capabilities– Supports wireless audio and

speaker localization • A/V Receiver measures the

location of the user and of the speakers

• A/V Receiver dynamically adjust the audio sweet spot to be centered at the user location

Yurdakul- Wisair

July 2003 doc.: IEEE 802.15-04/266r0


Media Redirection• User carries a Smart Tag• Receiver identifies user location• Based on user location (room) media

(Video and Audio) is dynamically redirected to nearby display

• An example: – Mr. & Mrs. Smith are watching a TV

program in the living room– Video is being transmitted wirelessly from

their STB– The couple goes out of the living room– Living room TV turns off automatically– The couple enters their bedroom– Bedroom TV turns on automatically and

the right video stream is broadcasted to it

Yurdakul- Wisair

July 2003 doc.: IEEE 802.15-04/266r0


Personalized / Secured Content

• Data Hotspot is located at public locations like subway stations

• User carrying an 802.15.4a TAG and a Notebook/PDA is identified by the hot spot

• The TAG contains user content preferences and subscription information

• Based on the TAG information data is being fast downloaded to the user’s Notebook / PDA

Yurdakul- Wisair

July 2003 doc.: IEEE 802.15-04/266r0


Gaming - 3D view• User is using wireless video

glasses to view the game display• Glasses include a combination

802.15.4a & wireless video capabilities

• Video is transferred wirelessly to enable free user movement

• Game computer / box measures the headset location and direction

• Based on localization, the graphics display changes dynamically

• Similar concept is used for Head-Up Display (HUD) in combat aircrafts

Yurdakul- Wisair

July 2003 doc.: IEEE 802.15-04/266r0


Conclusions

• Interoperability between high bit-rate wireless technologies and 802.15.4a technology will enable more applications and increase the market size of both technologies

• 802.15.4a can be built into various high bandwidth wireless products where interoperability can be developed and included in the end products

• Many other future markets and products segments will want to see such combination of technologies

Yurdakul- Wisair

July 2003 doc.: IEEE 802.15-04/266r0


Contribution #14Richard Nowakowski


City of ChicagoOffice of Emergency Management &

Communications R&D

July 2003 doc.: IEEE 802.15-04/266r0


Nowakowski- Chicago

Location TechnologyFire Fighter Mask acquires location using UWB Technology

UWB TechnologyUWB transmits X-Y-Z coordinates via Motorola XTS 5000 to MW 520

MW 520 send info via Radio Data Network

OEMC receives signal, queries Building database files and gets floor plan

OEMC transmits digital floor plan back to MW 520 via Data Radio Network

Motorola XTS 5000 receives image and sends it to Mask Display

Image received on mask display and location is identified on map overlay

July 2003 doc.: IEEE 802.15-04/266r0


Nowakowski- Chicago

SCBA Bottle VolumeRequirement

SCBA sends signal to Mask Display

indicating current bottle volume.

SCBA Bottle Display on Mask

July 2003 doc.: IEEE 802.15-04/266r0


Nowakowski- Chicago

As the Fire Fighter traverses the floor plan his Motorola XTS 5000 Digital radio transmits a digital pulse signal displaying digital bread crumbs on the display map.

Digital Routing

July 2003 doc.: IEEE 802.15-04/266r0


Nowakowski- Chicago

MW 520 sends query to OEMC databaseAcoustic Sensors capture Pulse,

Respirations, and Heart Rate and then transmits through the Motorola XTS

5000

OEMC responds, sending results to command van and Fire Fighters HUD

Acoustic Sensor ArrayBody Telemetry Monitors

July 2003 doc.: IEEE 802.15-04/266r0


Nowakowski- Chicago

Video Image Display

Routing

Floor Plans

Body Telemetry

SCBA Bottle Volume

July 2003 doc.: IEEE 802.15-04/266r0


Nowakowski- Chicago

OEMC receives signal, queries Building database and retrieves floor plan

OEMC transmits digital floor plan back to Motorola XTS 5000 and/or Hand Held Device

Police Officers UWB Enabled Portable/Hand Held Device

Location Technology

July 2003 doc.: IEEE 802.15-04/266r0


Nowakowski- Chicago

Digital Routing

As the Police Officer traverses the floor plan his Motorola XTS 5000 Digital radio transmits a digital pulse signal displaying digital bread crumbs on the display map.

July 2003 doc.: IEEE 802.15-04/266r0


802.15.4 Interest Group ‘a’ Summary

• Formed in Nov 2002 to identify if interest exists in exploring an alternate PHY to provide extended capability to the 15.4 standard– To date, 160 subscribers to email list server 'stds-802-15-ig4a'

• Technical material presented to date identifies new features that can be offered by an alternate PHY– http://web.gat.com/photonics/uwb/images/pdf/wg_understanding.pdf

• This informal call for applications demonstrates significant interest and usage scenarios that can be addressed by an alternate PHY

• 15.4IGa leadership recommends transitioning to study group status– Move to create a Study Group for the purpose of generating an amendment

PAR & 5C for an alternate PHY for 802.15.4-2003

Larry Taylor- Chair Jason Ellis- Vice Chair

Documents

July 2003 doc.: IEEE 802.15-04/266r0 Submission Slide 1IEEE 802.15.4 Interest Group a Leadership Project: IEEE P802.15 Working Group for Wireless Personal