Julia Tang Documentation

8/14/2019 Julia Tang Documentation

1/20

DECO3100InformationVisualizationDesignStudio

Assignment1DataSculptureDocumentationJuliaTang

307204367


2/20

DataCharacteristicsIwasresearchingaviationincidentsandthecausesofeachAustralianstate.Atfirst,Ijustlookedat

theaccidentsanddeaths;howevertherewereotheraviationfactorsandconcernsthatpeople

probablydonotknowabout.Forexample,therearevariousincidents,notjustterroristattacksthat

contributeto

aviation

safety.

What

was

the

most

interesting

cause

(in

my

opinion)

was

the

number

ofbirdstrikeincidentsoccurringattheairports.Thefeedbackalsohighlightedthatthisperspective

wasveryinteresting.

Datasets

Thistablebelow(createdbyManyEyes)showsthebirdstrikesatmajorairportsinAustralia.

Sourcedata:"Table17:Birdstrikesatmajoraerodromes,2000to31December2008"Aviation

Statistics1January1998to31December2008;ATSBTransportSafetyReport.

http://www.atsb.gov.au/publications/2009/pdf/AviationStats.pdf

Thatgraphabovestatesthetotalamountofbirdstrikesbutthetotalamountofplanesdeparting

andarrivingisdifferentineachstate.HenceIusedtherateofbirdstrikesincomparisontothe

numberofinboundandoutboundflights.Itshowsacleareramountofthestatesbeingaffected.

Birdstrikerateper10000totalmovements2002 2003 2004 2005 2006

ACT 1.04 0.57 2.18 3.88 5.25NSW 1.54 2.32 2.92 2.73 2.5NT 8.41 8.19 11.59 13.47 7.92QLD 2.74 4.38 5.4 7.11 3.95SA 2.89 3.54 5.71 5.7 5.1TAS 7.98 5.62 3.26 8.56 9.16VIC 2.05 1.89 3.08 3.21 3.67WA

1.52 3.29

4.35

3.64 4.11
http://manyeyes.alphaworks.ibm.com/manyeyes/visualizations/australia-bird-strikeshttp://manyeyes.alphaworks.ibm.com/manyeyes/visualizations/australia-bird-strikes


3/20

Ihaveusedrecentdatafrom2000to2008becausepreviouslyinAustralia,reportingbirdstrikesonly

happenedwhentherewasmajordamagetoanaircraft.

Pattern

Mydata

attributes

were

the

number

of

bird

strikes,

the

total

number

of

incidents,

and

the

number

ofaccidents.ThepatternIfoundoutwasnomatterinwhichstate,thenumberofaviationincidents

hasmaintainedastableslowincrease,howeverthenumberofbirdstrikesincreaseddramatically.

Hereismycompiledfinaldata:

AustralianGovernment:DepartmentofTransportandRegionalServicesDatabaseNumberofAustralianIncidentsinvolvingBirdstrikebyStateandYear

2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008ACT 21 24 11 9 22 33 48 40 31NSW 136 134 156 175 220 226 233 276 277NT 73 82 126 104 124 160 116 125 125QLD 193 214 236 317 375 460 417 446 507SA 55 79 76 66 114 123 105 103 102TAS 11 42 38 30 32 58 43 65 62VIC 72 80 71 63 111 133 138 90 127WA 81 81 83 97 118 112 162 152 130

NumberofAustralianIncidentsinTotalbyStateandYear2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008

ACT 108 88 78 66 93 122 149 99 128NSW 1831 1735 1940 1535 1517 2091 2188 2519 2405NT 391 378 443 423 442 420 446 508 497QLD 1389 1267 1322 1078 1170 1572 1699 1572 1904SA 334 366 346 281 365 408 556 738 518TAS 76 115 105 97 118 153 135 170 179VIC 849 756 797 582 590 806 969 843 892WA 619 577 588 572 593 599 1031 1048 1017

Numberof

Australian

Accidents

involving

Bird

strike

by

State

and

Year

2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008

ACT 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0NSW 1 3 1 0 0 2 0 0 1NT 0 1 1 0 0 1 0 0 0QLD 3 2 2 1 1 1 0 2 1SA 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0TAS 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0VIC 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0WA 1 3 0 0 1 0 0 1 0


4/20

Theaccidentsinvolvingbirdsweremoreofanoutlier;itdidntactuallymeananythingbecausethey

onlyrepresentedoneortwoaccidents,nothundreds.

Nowwhatisintriguingisthemeaningbehindthetrend.

Iresearched

abit

more,

and

there

were

some

papers

on

the

insight

of

why

the

number

of

bird

strikesisincreasing.

Modernaircraftsareincreasing,withfasterspeed,andenginesarequieter increasingthe

probabilityasbirdshavelesstimetoreact.Thesurroundingsofanairporthavemoregrassland

becauseresidentialpropertycannotbebuiltdotothenoise,sotherearewetlandsandagricultural

landswhichattractbirds.Waterisalsomoreavailableatairfields,andwetweathercanencourage

thebirdstofeedonthegrassland.

Source:ACostEffectiveGrasslandManagementStrategytoReduceTheNumberofBirdstrikes.

http://eprints.qut.edu.au/16576/2/02whole.pdf

DesignRationaleThedimensionsandformofthesculptureshouldbedrivenbythedata.Hence,thephysicalform

isactuallytheliteraltranslationoftheselinegraphs(thedataderivedfromthetableabove).

ThenumberofincidentsinvolvingbirdstrikesinAustralianstates:

0

100

200

300

400

500

600

2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008

ACT

NSW

NT

QLD

SA

TAS

VIC

WA

Toconnectthisgraphandtheonebelowwasthedataoftheaccidentsinvolvingbirdstrikes.There

wereonlyonetothreeaccidentsatmostineachstate,sothethicknessofthejointscharacterized

thatnumber.

ThetotalnumberofaviationincidentsinAustralianstates:


5/20

0

500

1000

1500

2000

2500

3000

2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008

ACT

NSW

NT

QLD

SA

TAS

VIC

WA

Thesideviewissupposedtolooklikethis(minusthefeathers),however,myactualmodelisnotas

smoothasIwantedittobe.ItwasbecauseIusedMaya8.03Dmodellingsoftwareandwas

advisedto

use

the

3D

printer,

hence

polygons.

Inever

really

used

polygons

before

and

handling

it


6/20

wasslightlydifferenttoNurbs.Ineverexpectedittobesoridged.Attheendofthemodel,I

smoothedit,butnotenough.

Modelling

Thelengthofeachstateisactuallythemostimportant,itisthebirdstrikerateper10000total

movements.Withthat,youcanseewhichstateismoreaffectedasitcomparesthebirdstrikesto

thenumberofaviationflights.

ThisistheNTsculpturepart.Whatisseenisthebacksidewiththebirdstrikedata.Whateachplate

hasonitisthebirdwhichcausedthemostnumberofincidentsinthestate.


7/20

ThebeginningforNSW,exploringthepolygons.

ThefirstencounterIhadwasputtinganimageplaneinthebackground.Readalotoftutorialsto

ome,I

d

finallyfindthemostsimplestone.IcreatedtheNSWsculptureathome,andwenttoUniversity

computerlabstoeditit.Unfortunately,theimagesdidnotturnout,Ichangedthelocation

accordingly,butitwouldnotshow.SoIeditedthemodeltoalmostperfection.WhenIgoth

beganreceivinganerrorstatementErrorshaveoccurredwhilereadingthisscenethatmayresultin

dataloss.

Please

check

the

Script

Editor

for

details.

Iwas

really

scared

that

Ihad

lost

all

my

work,

andsowentbacktouniversitytoretrievethefilessavedontheDdrive.MetEricalongtheway,an


8/20

hetoldmeitwasjustbecauseoftheMayaversionIhaveisanoldone.Intheend,IredidtheNSW

datapiece.Tookmehalfthetimeofworrying.

IthoughtIhadfinishedmodelling,sotwistedthemodel.ThenIreadthatlabelshadtobeusedso

addedontext.PainstakinglyIaddedeachletter,transformeditsoitwouldfittheshapeoftheedge.


9/20

Iaddedallthepiecestogether...ThenIdecidednottohavethetwistbecauseitdoesnotshowthe

designasclearasitwouldnormally.Onedeletionofthetwistedline,itbecamenormal,exceptfor

thetext.Veryannoying.


10/20

Thepieceswerealljoinedtogetherroughlyatthebase.Ihopetheuserwouldbeabletointeractit

bylookingatthedifferentsidesandthroughallthegapsinbetween.


11/20

Iwouldhavebenteachstatepieceiftherewasjustthree.ButIsawthattherewastimesoI

createdmore,Iwasabletocreate5statesintotal.Itendedupbeingafanshape,notentirely

representingthepropeller;itlooksmorelikeabirdtome.

Ismoothedthepolygon,anditlookslikethisnow:

Printing

Thechallengehere,wasconvertingtheMayamodeltoSTLfileforthe3Dprinter.Ismoothedmy

designout,sotherewasover900000facets(asyoucanseeabovecomparedtothesimplepolygon

faces).IexportedtheMayafiletoOBJ,butRhinoceroscouldnotopentheOBJfilebecauseitwas

135Mb.Itjustkeptoncrashingtodesktop.

Iwassoscaredatthistimethatmydesignwouldnotbeabletobetransferredacross.

HadtoreducethepolygonsinMaya(usedthepc'sintheDigitalHub thecomputerstherehave

like8Coresand8GbofRAMwithreallynicebigscreens).Unfortunately,itendedupnotbeingso

roundand

smoothed.

Then

imported

the

OBJ

file

into

Rhino,

took

around

20

minutes

to

load.

Saving

asSTLfilewasfaster,butoveralltookanhourtofinallyimportittoprint.

Wentdownstairstothecutting/3dprinter/millroom,andGabehelpedmeoutwithimportingthe

fileandfixingthetriangularproblems.Iincreasedmyscaleby150%becauseitjustlookedsosmall.

LuckilyIdiditbecausemuchofthedesignwasactuallyquitesmall.Senttothe3Dprinterfor$40.15.


12/20

FinalDataSculpture

Arrivedthe

next

morning

to

find

Rick

removing

the

sculptures

from

the

3D

Printer.

He

then

got

rid

of

theexcesspowder,andstartedsprayingwateronittoplaceitintheoven.


13/20

Thesculpturesweretobebakedforhalfanhour,andcooledforoverhalfanhour.

Hereismysculpture,stillwarmfromtheoven:

TheQfromQLDismissing.


14/20

Asyoucanseehere,someofthetextdidnotcomeout.NankeenKestrelwashalfmissing.

Otherwise,itsasuccess.

I

saw

the

other

sculptures,

and

found

that

they

were

very

aesthetic

and

curvy.

I

decided

to

paint

the

sculpture.


15/20

Painting

Ifoundaboxofacrylicpaint(waterbasedcoloursneededforthismaterial).

Istartedmixingalittleofthepaintstogether(blueandyellowforgreen).Butitwasnotenough,as

thismaterial

just

started

absorbing

everything

so

very

fast.

Ihad

to

do

so

many

remixes

Ilost

track

ofthetone.


16/20

PaintingtheentiresculpturetooklongerthanIthought.Excludingtheprocrastinationtime,thistook

over6hourstopaintbecauseitwassofragile.Someofthejointsinthemiddlecrumbledalittleon

thesidewhenpainted.

Itgot

alittle

messy

because

everything

had

to

be

fast

paced

or

else

everything

would

set.

Thegreenrepresentstheamountofwildlifeconservationsurroundingtheairports.Thedarkerthe

green,themoregrasslandtherewas.

Theblueportraysthetemperature,thedarkertheblue,thecolderitis.Iwantedtousered,butI

thoughtitmightturnouttolooklikeaChristmastoyinsteadoftherealityIwantedtorepresent.


17/20

Iwasmovingittopaintitinadifferentdirection,butVictoriabrokeoff!

Reallyscared(again)becausewhenIslightlytouchedtheendsofthepiece,itwouldjustcrumble.

Noticethewhitepowderonthenewspaper,itfeltlikeasifthewholemodelhadturnedtodust.

UsingTicTactoholdthesculpturewhilsttheglueworked.Didntdaretouchituntilanhourlater.


18/20

Startedpaintingagainthenextday.

Ididnotwantthegreenandbluetomixatthecentre,becausethenthatwilldistracttheuserfrom

seeingthelongjoints(fortheaccidents).SoIchosetocolourityellow,andtheinsideofthe

sculpturepale

yellow.


19/20

Ioriginallywantedtheentiresculpturetobesilver,howeveritdidnotlookgood.Intheend,I

paintedtheentiresculpturewithdilutedsilver,soitwasshiny.Afterwardsthetextwaspaintedin

pureacrylicpainttohighlightthewords(andfillinsomemissingletters).


20/20

ResearchanddatasourcesItwasverydifficulttofindresourcesthatoriginatedfromAustraliaandnotUnitedStates,United

KingdomorEuropeancountries.

Inthe

end,

Ifound

and

used

the

data

from

the

Australian

Transport

Safety

Bureau.

Ifound

alot

of

reportsrelatingtoaviationandincidents.Whatwasgreatwasthattheyhadanonlinedatabaseof

safetydata.Itwasveryconcise,andthatiswhatleadmetoworkoneachstateinsteadofAustralia

asawholebecauseeachstatehadvariableinformation.

HerearesomesourcesIusedforthefinaldataset.

NASAAviationSafetyReportingSystem,http://www.37000feet.com/

ASRSReportBirdorAnimalStrikeReports,http://asrs.arc.nasa.gov/docs/rpsts/animal.pdf

AviationAccidentsandIncidents,http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aviation_accidents_and_incidents

AircraftAccidentStatistics,http://www.1001crash.com/indexpagestatistiquelg2.html

AccidentStatistics,http://www.baaaacro.com/Statistiques%20diverses.htm

BureauofTransportationStatisticsTable21:TransportationFatalitiesbyMode

http://www.bts.gov/publications/national_transportation_statistics/html/table_02_01.html

PlaneCrashInfo,http://www.planecrashinfo.com

AustralianTransportSafetyBureau,AviationStatisticsReport,

http://www.atsb.gov.au/publications/2009/AviationStats.aspx

AustralianTransportSafetyBureau,AviationOccurrenceDatabase,

http://statistics.dotars.gov.au/aviation/login.do?guest=guest&tableId=user/aviationuser/Accidents%20by%20

State.txd

ATBSAviationResearchandAnalysisReport,Trendsinimmediatelyreportablemattersinvolvingregular

publictransportoperationsPage21http://www.atsb.gov.au/publications/2007/pdf/b20070107_001.pdf

ATBS,AnAnalysisofAustralianBirdstrikeOccurrences20022006,Page36

http://www.atsb.gov.au/publications/2008/pdf/AR2008027.pdf

Bureau

of

Transport

and

Regional

Economics,

Aviation

Statistics

Page

17

http://www.bitre.gov.au/publications/54/Files/Digest200405.pdf

Formoredetailsinvolvingtheinitialprocessesofthesculpturedesign,pleasereadmyblogat

http://infostudio2009.ning.com/profile/Julia.

Documents

Julia Tang Documentation