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JUDAISM. HISTORY OF JUDAISM(Review from Yesterday). Abraham is the father of the Hebrews About 1800 B.C. he lived in a city called Ur in Mesopotamia It is believed that God told Abraham to leave Ur and go to Canaan(present day Israel) - PowerPoint PPT Presentation
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JUDAISM
HISTORY OF JUDAISM(Review from Yesterday)Abraham is the father of the HebrewsAbout 1800 B.C. he lived in a city called Ur in
MesopotamiaIt is believed that God told Abraham to leave
Ur and go to Canaan(present day Israel) God told Abraham that if he went to Canaan the
land there would belong to his descendentsThis was a promise from God and so
Canaan(Israel) is considered the Promised Land
EGYPT
There was a famine in CanaanThe Israelites were starving and so they went to Egypt
A new pharaoh came to powerHe enslaved the Israelites and made them work on his building projects
MOSESMoses helped the Israelites leave EgyptThis is known as the ExodusThey wandered around the Sinai Desert for
40 years Moses climbed to the top of Mt Sinai and God
spoke to himMoses carried two stone tablets down the
mountainThe Ten Commandments were written on the
tablets
Return to Promised LandThe Israelites wanted to reclaim their land in
CanaanThis lead to 200 years of warAfter a period of peace the Philistines invade
and King David is able to drive them outKing Solomon succeeds King DavidAfter King Solomon died the Israelite Kingdom
split in two: Israel and JudahThe word Judaism and Jew come from the name Judah during thistime in history.
Who is followed and important teachings
First Monotheistic religion- a belief in one God
Believe Messiah will appear in Jerusalem and bring peace and harmony to the world
It is important to follow the Ten Commandments
The first four commandments have to do with a relationship with God
The next six have to do with a relationship with other people.
Religious Book--TORAHTorah-The first five books of the Hebrew Bible
There is a belief that these were given to the people by God
They give the early history, laws, and beliefs of the Hebrews
The five books are: Genesis, Exodus, Leviticus, Numbers, and Deuteronomy
Sabbath or Shabbat
Sundown Friday to sundown SaturdayPeople should refrain from workMany go to the Synagogue- the Jewish place of worship
Spend time with family, reading the Torah, and eating traditional meals.
Holy DaysRosh Hashanah: the Jewish New Year- a 10
day period of repentance, renewal and remembrance
Yom Kippur: “Day of Atonement”- pray for forgiveness of oneself and others
Hanukkah: “Festival of Lights”- celebrated the miracle of 1 day of oil lasting 8 days at the rededication of the Temple in Jerusalem
Passover: a time to remember the slaves Exodus from Egypt
MitzvahBar Mitzvah- “son of commandment”-occurs when a boy is 13
Bat Mitzvah- “daughter of commandment”- occurs when a girl is 12
These are ceremonies held to celebrate the child’s passage to adulthood
FACTSRabbi- a Jewish spiritual leader
Worldwide population-14.5 million
Christianity and Islam grew out of Judaism
Judaism is practiced all over the world, but many Jews live in Israel, where a Jewish state was created in 1948.
SymbolThe Star of David, also called the Shield of
David, is a very important symbol of Judaism. The symbol honors King David, who ruled the Kingdom of Israel about 1000-962 B.C.