JSC History Week3 Part 1 　 Oct

The New Capital Kyoto

Doyoung Park

Osaka Gakuin University

Last Session Review

Yamataikoku and misterious queen Himiko First powerful kingdom In history

The Yamato State Nara, the capital of the state Advanced culture and institutions Relationships with foreign countries Buddhism and Confucianism Charismatic regent, the prince Shotoku 17 Articles Constitutions Used the name of Nihon

Time Line

Yamataikoku 3C Yamato State 7C Nara Period 710-794 Heian Period 794-1185

Heian Period

794-1185 Relocated the capital from Nara to

Kyoto

New Capital Kyoto

Moved the capital from Nara to Kyoto in 784

For political reasons Several theories Out of the influence of

powerful Buddhist cleargies and temples in Nara

Heian-kyo( 平安京 ) The beginning of the Heian

period Imitated the Chinese capital

Luoyang

Luoyang

One of the most prosperous capital of Chinese dynasties 、 9 dynasties including T’ang

Kyoto Master Plan and Luoyang

Finding Japaneseness

Established Japanese unique style different from Chinese

Kyoto and Buddhism

Over 1600 temples in modern Kyoto Buddhism, the most powerful religious tradition in Japan

The New Capital Kyoto

Have you ever been in Kyoto? What do you think of it?

Kyoto, Yokoso Japan

Kyoto, the Heart of Japan

05000

100001500020000250003000035000400004500050000

1990 1992 1994 1996 1998 2000 2002 2004 2006

Visitors

Kyoto Banzai!

au CM

Kyoto in 1994

1200th anniversary as the capital 17 World’s Cultural Heritages in Kyoto,

registered in 1994 JR Tokai launched tourism campaign from

1993

そうだ京都行こう 2009 Fall

Image Making

禅 Peaceful Mind Meditation Rest Mystery

Is Traditions Real?For Tourism Marketing

How to Eat Sushi

Invention of Tradition

Replacement Ceremony of Royal Guards, Korea

5min Break

People in Kyoto

Imperial family and nobles

Extremely luxurious life

Complicated relationship between nobles

and the imperial court

Super Idol Genji

The Tale of Genji( 源氏物語 ) Murasakishikibu( 紫式部 )

The Tale of Genji

Hikaru Genji( 光源氏） was the second son of a certain ancient emperor and a low-ranking concubine, Lady Kiritsubo

Incredibly handsome guy

The Tale of Genji His mother dies when Genji is three years old, and the Emperor can

not forget her. The Emperor then hears of a woman ("Lady Fujitsubo"), formerly a

princess of the preceding emperor, who resembles his deceased concubine, and later she becomes one of his wives.

Genji loves her first as a stepmother, but later as a woman.

Thousand Years Love

The Tale of Genji They fall in love with each other, but it is forbidden. Genji is frustrated because of his forbidden love to the Lady Fujitsub

o and is on bad terms with his wife Aoi no Ue. He also engages in a series of unfulfilling love affairs with other wo

men.

The Tale of Genji In one case, he sees a beautiful young woman through an open

window, enters her room without permission, and forces her to have sex with him.

Recognizing him as a man of unchallengeable power, she makes no resistance, saying only that "Someone might hear us". He retorts, "I can go anywhere and do anything.“

The Tale of Genji Genji visits Kitayama, the northern rural hilly area of Kyoto, where h

e finds a beautiful ten-year-old girl. He is fascinated by this little girl ("Murasaki"), and discovers that she

is a niece of the Lady Fujitsubo. Finally he kidnaps her, brings her to his own palace and educates h

er to be his ideal lady; like the Lady Fujitsubo.

The Tale of Genji During this time Genji also meets the Lady Fujitsubo secretly, and s

he bears his son. Everyone except the two lovers believes the father of the child is the

Emperor. Later, the boy becomes the Crown Prince and Lady Fujitsubo becomes the Empress.

Genji and Lady Fujitsubo swear to keep their secret

The Tale of Genji Genji and his wife Lady Aoi reconcile and she gives birth to a son, b

ut she dies soon after. Genji is sorrowful, but finds consolation in Murasaki, whom he marri

es. Genji's father, the Emperor, dies; and his political enemies, the Mini

ster of the Right and the new Emperor's mother ("Kokiden") take power in the court.

The Tale of Genji Then another of Genji's secret love affairs is exposed: Genji and a c

oncubine of his brother, the Emperor Suzaku, are discovered when they meet in secret.

Genji is thus exiled to the town of Suma in rural Harima province (now part of Kobe in Hyogo Prefecture).

The Tale of Genji There, a prosperous man from Akashi in Settsu province entertains

Genji Genji has a love affair with Akashi's daughter. She gives birth to a d

aughter. Genji's sole daughter later becomes the Empress

The Tale of Genji In the Capital, the Emperor is troubled by dreams of his late father a

nd something begins to affect his eyes. Meanwhile, his mother grows ill, which weakens her powerful sway over the throne.

Thus the Emperor orders Genji pardoned, and he returns to Kyoto. His son by Lady Fujitsubo becomes the emperor and Genji finishes his imperial career.

The new Emperor Reizei knows Genji is his real father, and raises Genji's rank to the highest possible.

The Tale of Genji However, when Genji turns 40 years old, his life begins to decline. H

is political status does not change, but his love and emotional life are slowly damaged.

He marries another wife. She bears the son of Genji's nephew later. Genji's new marriage changes the relationship between him and Mu

rasaki, who now wishes to become a nun

Impact of the Tale of Genji

Impact on the Japanese literature First modern and psychological novel

Japanese Beauty Still popular in Japanese culture

Genji and Culture

Genji and Culture

Genji and Culture

Genji and Culture

Genji and Culture

Tale of Genji from Historical Perspective

Luxurious life of noble class Morality free from Confucian ethics Noble influence on the imperial

court