JRC-AL: 24.11.2010 – NE-C5-Wageningen - 1

Stratification of N2O fertiliser-induces emission factors (FIE) - Methods

→DNDC-EUROPE simulation on ca. 200,000 spatial units (HSMUs)

→Up to 3 crops/HSMU (simulation entity)• Minimum 10% of UAAR in HSMU

→Each simulation entity• 10 simulations with different meteorological years (1991-2000)• identical initialization (15 years spin-up 1976-1990)

→Determination of fertiliser-induced emission factors (FIE) for• Mineral fertilisers: default manure input, variation of mineral fertiliser input around

default application rate: ±10%; ±25%; 50%; 0%. • Manure: idem.

→FIEs are evaluated• By country • For input of mineral fertilizer and manure nitrogen • For mineral and organic soils (three SOC levels of mineral soils: <1%, 1-3%, 3-12% )

Leip et al. (Env Poll. accepted)

JRC-AL: 24.11.2010 – NE-C5-Wageningen - 2

Default scenario Mean Median Low High n

All mineral soils 3.7 1.8 0.14 22.1 1 240 306

Low SOC 1.0 0.6 0.09 4.4 190 850

Medium SOC 2.3 1.4 0.16 12.3 652 446

High SOC 7.2 4.4 0.53 37.2 397 010

Impact of SOC on N2O fluxes

Data in [kg N2O-N ha-1 yr-1], Leip et al. (Env Poll. accepted)

JRC-AL: 24.11.2010 – NE-C5-Wageningen - 3

Temporal variation of FIEs for EU25

→ For EU25, FIEs are relatively constant in time

→ High spatial variability observed both in measured

and simulated N2O fluxes does not translate in an

equally high uncertainty of national or supra-national

emission factors.

→ For EU25 a single emission factor (close to IPCC

default) for N2O fluxes gives reasonable results.

FIEmin FIEman

1990 1.01% 1.09%

1991 1.02% 1.13%

1992 1.12% 1.38%

1993 1.20% 1.26%

1994 1.14% 1.50%

1995 1.03% 1.25%

1996 1.25% 1.01%

1997 1.21% 1.36%

1998 1.13% 1.24%

1999 1.31% 1.46%

2000 1.23% 1.15%

all years 1.15% 1.26%

JRC-AL: 24.11.2010 – NE-C5-Wageningen - 4

Temporal variation of FIEs at country scale

Austria (660/12.3)

1990

1990

1991

1991

1992

19921993

1993

1994

1994

1995

1995

1996

1996

1997

1997

1998

1998

1999

1999

2000

2000

0.50%

0.75%

1.00%

1.25%

1.50%

1.75%

2.00%

2.25%

FIEmin FIEman

Denmark (335/12.8)

1990

1990

1991

1991

1992

1992

1993

1993

1994

1994

1995

1995

1996

1996

1997

1997

1998

1998

1999

1999

2000

2000

0.25%

0.50%

0.75%

1.00%

1.25%

1.50%

1.75%

2.00%

FIEmin FIEman

Ireland (480/12.3)

1990

1990

1991

1991

1992

1992

1993

1993

1994

1994

1995

1995

1996

1996 1997

1997

1998

1998

1999

1999

2000

2000

0.40%

0.50%

0.60%

0.70%

0.80%

0.90%

1.00%

1.10%

1.20%

1.30%

FIEmin FIEman

Latvia (381/12.6)

1990

1990

1991

1991

1992

19921993

1993

1994

1994

1995

1995

1996

1996

1997

1997 1998

1998

1999

1999

2000

2000

0.00%

0.50%

1.00%

1.50%

2.00%

FIEmin FIEman

mean

su

mm

er

tem

pera

ture

summer precipitation

Spain (243/18.1)

1990

1990

1991

1991

1992

19921993

1993

1994

1994

1995

1995

1996

1996

1997

1997 1998

1998

1999

19992000

2000

0.40%

0.50%

0.60%

0.70%

0.80%

0.90%

1.00%

1.10%

1.20%

1.30%

1.40%

1.50%

FIEmin FIEman

Greece (173/19)

1990

1990 19911991

1992

1992

1993

1993

1994

1994

1995

1995

1996

1996

1997

1997

1998

1998

1999

1999

2000

2000

0.50%

0.60%

0.70%

0.80%

0.90%

1.00%

1.10%

1.20%

1.30%

1.40%

1.50%

1.60%

FIEmin FIEman

Hungary (341/17.5)

1990

1990

1991

1991

1992

1992

19931993 19941994

1995

1995

1996

1996

1997

1997

1998

1998

1999

1999

2000

2000

1.00%

1.25%

1.50%

1.75%

2.00%

2.25%

2.50%

FIEmin FIEman

Portugal (246/19.1)

1990

1990

1991

1991

1992

1992

1993

1993

1994

1994

1995

1995

1996

1996

1997

1997

1998

1998

1999

1999

2000

2000

0.50%

1.00%

1.50%

2.00%

2.50%

3.00%

3.50%

FIEmin FIEman

JRC-AL: 24.11.2010 – NE-C5-Wageningen - 5

Average FIEs for EU25 at country-level

min man

BL 1.2% 0.9%

DK 0.6% 1.3%

DE 1.7% 2.6%

GR 0.7% 1.2%

ES 0.6% 1.0%

FR 0.9% 1.1%

IE 1.1% 0.7%

IT 0.8% 1.5%

NL 1.7% 1.5%

AT 1.5% 1.0%

PT 1.0% 2.3%

SE 2.1% 1.1%

FI 3.0% 0.7%

UK 0.5% 0.4%

min man

CZ 1.3% 1.4%

EE 3.4% 1.4%

HU 1.3% 1.6%

LT 1.3% 0.4%

LV 1.2% 0.5%

PL 1.5% 4.1%

SI 1.8% 1.5%

SK 1.2% 0.5%

BG 1.2% 1.4%

RO 1.6% 1.0%

min man all

ave 1.4% 1.3% 1.3%

stdev 0.7% 0.8% 0.7%

min 0.5% 0.4% 0.4%

max 3.4% 4.1% 4.1%

EU25 1.15% 1.26% 1.17%

→ National inventories tend to overestimate

the uncertainties in their estimated direct

N2O emissions from arable soils

→ One national FIE for all countries not

sufficient, sometimes large difference

between FIEmin and FIEman

→ There is still lack of observational data to

provide robust national FIEs