VOLUME 277. NUMBER 1 S APRIL 1996 4@c

JPETAB 277 (1) 1—558 (1996)

MLCNY

51027000226959

TheJournalof

PHARMACOLOGYA Publication of The American Society

for Pharmacology and Experimental TherapeuticsFounded by John J. Abel --1909

Edited for the Society by John A. Harvey

Published by Williams & Wilkins

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COPYRIGHT © 1996 BY THE AMERICAN SOCIETY FOR PHARMACOLOGY AND EXPERIMENTAL THERAPEUTICS

Th. Journal of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics

(Revised July 1, 1904)

words; abstracts of more than 250 words will not be accepted.

4. Introduction. This sectionshould not be labeled, butshould begin on a new page. It should contain a clear statementofthe aims ofthe reported work or ofthe hypotheses which thework was designed to test. A briefaccount ofthe background ofthe reported work may also be given in this section.

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8. Acknowledgment.. This section should begin on aseparate page, have a separate heading, and be placed at theend of the text of the manuscript Gift. and assistance can beacknowledged here but, financial support should appear in afootnote to the title.

9. Reference.. In text citations give the author's nameand the year of publication (e.g., McCarthy, 1952; Ruth andGebrig, 1929). With more than two authors, the text citationshould contain the name ofthe first author, followed by ‘¿�ctal.,wand the date (e.g., Kennedyet al., 1960). In the list of references.entries should be arranged alphabetically by author and notnumbered. All authors' names should be given. If reference ismade to more than one publication by the same authors in thesame year, suffixes (a, b, c, etc.) should be added to the year inthe text citation and in the list of references.

The list of references should contain, in sequence, the following information: authors' names and initials, title of the citedarticle, title ofthejournal in which it appeared, volume numberof the journal, inclusive pagination and year of publication.Abbreviations for journals should conform to the Biosis List ofSerials (BioSciences Information Services of Biological Abstracta, Philadelphia, PA 19103). Citations ofpersonal commumcations, unpublished observations, and papers submitted forpublication should be given in parentheses at the appropriateplace in the text, not in the list ofreferences. A paper may notbe cited as “¿�inpress―unless it has been accepted for publication.In such cases the name of the journal must be given.Examples of references to books, chapters and journal articlesfollow:Bruce, M. S.: The anxiogemc effects ofcaffeine. Postgrad. Med.

J. 66: 18—24,1990.Griffiths, R. R., Bigelow, G. E. and Liebson, I. £:Human Coffee

drinking: Reinforcing and physical dependence producing effects ofcaffeine. J. Pharmacol. Exp. Ther. 239: 416—425,1986.

Tallarida, R. J. and Murray, R. B.: Manual of Pharmacologic

Noticeto ContributorsScope of Submitted Manuscript.

The Journal invites for review original papers dealing withinteractions ofchemicals with biological Systems. Any aapect ofpharmacology and therapeutics is included, but descriptive casereports without dose response or mechanism studies are notaccepted. Manuscripts dealing primarily with new methods willbe reviewed only if data are presented showing new or morereliable pharmacological informatIon has been obtained by useof the methods.

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Each manuscript must be accompanied by a writtenstatement signed by one author@ The undersigned authoraffirms that the manuscript (title of article) and the data itcontains are original, are not under consideration by anotherjournal, and have not been published previously. The studiesreported in this manuscript have been carried out in accordancewith the DeclaratIon of Helsinki and/or with the Guide for theCare and Use of Laboratory Animalm as adopted and promulgated by the National Institute ofHealtlf. Authors should alsoindicate in the cover letter the field of pharmacology to whichthe research applies.Organization of the Manuscript

In most cases manuscripts should contain the following seetions in the order listed; each section should begin on a newpage and all pages should be numbered consecutively.

1. Title page. This shouldcontainthe completetitle ofthemanuscript, the names of all authors, and the laboratory oforigin. Support for the research should be indicated as a numbered footnote to the title and included with other footnotes ona separate page following the reference section.

2. Rnnnlng title page. a) A running title: should beincluded at the top ofthia page and should contain no more than35 spaces, including punctuation. Itsbould convey the sense ofthe full title. Commonly used abbreviations (such as “¿�ATP,―“¿�ACh,―etc.) may be used in the running title. b) Correspondingauthor this page should also contain the name, address, talephone and fax number ofthe person to whom all correspondenceshould be sent. c) A list of abbreviations used in the papershould also appear on this page. Mditionally, each abbreviationshould be defined the first time it is used in the text.

3. Abstract. The abstract should present in a concise formthe purpose, the general methods, the findings, and the conclusbus of the manuscript. Abstracts should be limited to 200

The Journal of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics

Calculations with Computer Programs. Springer-Verlag, NewYork, 1987.

Young, A. M. and Sannerud, C. A.: Tolerance to drug discrirninative stimuli. In Psychoactive Drugs: Tolerance and Sensitization, ed. by A. J. Goudie and M. W. Emmett-Oglesby, pp.221—270,Hwnana Press, Clifton, NJ, 1989.No more than four references should be cited in support of any

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StatisticsWherever possible statistical probability (P) in tables, figures,

and figurelegends should be expressed as@@ < .05, “¿�pP < .01 and***@ < .001. For second comparisons the symbols t may be used

similarly. Authors are urged to avoid unnecessary complexity andto be consistent within the manuscript In the event of multiplecomparisons within a table, footnotes, a, b, c, etc. should be used.

AbbreviationsMagnitudes ofvariables reported should be expressed in numer

ala. Most abbreviations are used without punctuation, with nodistinction between singular and plural forms (e.g., 1 mg, 25 mg 1see, 25 eec). The usual prefixes are to be used for multiples orsubmultiples of the basic units (e.g., kg, g, mg, pg, ng, pg). Thefollowing abbreviations, or their properly prefixed multiples orsubmultiples, may be used without definition in the text, tablesand figures:

Units of massgrammoleequivalentmicroatom

Unit. of electricityvoltamperecycles/sec

Kineticsdissociation constant Kd

Dissociation constant ofenzyme substrate complexenzyme inhibitor complexMichaelis constantmaximum initial velocity

Whenever an abbreviation other than those above is to be usedin a manuscript, it is tobe defined in the text or in a footnotethereto, the first time it is used. Abbreviations for commonly usedsubstances should be those recommended by the Journal of BiologicalChemistry. Abbreviations for drugs may be used if properlydefined on first use and ifthe chemical orgeneric name ofthe drugis given when the abbreviation is first used. Abbreviations may beused in the running title but not in the full title ofthe manuscript.

DragsGeneric names should be used in text, tables and figures. Trade

names may be mentioned in parentheses in the first text referenceto the drug but should not appear in titles, figures or tables. Whena trade name is used, it should be capitalized; generic or chemicalnames are not capitalized. The chemical nature ofnew drugs mustbe given when it is known. The form ofdrug used in calculations ofdoses (e.g., base or salt) should be indicated. When several drugsare used, it may save space to include a separate paragraph in“¿�Methods,―or a separate table or footnote, listing the relevantinformation about all drugs employed.

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VAHz

gmolEq@Aat

Units of concentrationmolar (moles,' Mliter)normal (Eq/ Nliter)percent %

Units of length orvolume

meter mmicronAngstrom Aliter (spell out 1in text)

Unite of radioactivitycurie Cicounts per mizi cpmdisintegrations dpmper mmroentgen r

Units of time

hourminutesecond

hr or hminormsec or s

IcK1

Vmax

OC

gLD50, ED@, etc.d., 1., dli.v., i.p., s.c., i.m.S.D.S.E.

Miscellaneousdegrees of temperaturegravitymedian dosesoptically isometric formsroutes ofdrug administrationstandard deviationstandard error

Abbott, D. L., 341Abiko, Y., 207Acri, J. B., 87, 198Adam, R., 265Adari, H., 534Albengres, E., 417Albuquerque, E. X., 432Algeri, M., 79Alkondon, M., 432Allen, D. L., 341Altavilla, D., 333Andrews, B., 534Antoine, M.-H., 156Aposhian, H. V., 375Aubin, N., 253Avenoso, A., 333Back, D. J., 105Badger, T. M., 292Barone, F. C., 128Barrett, J. E., 87Barzago, M. M., 79Baumgartner, H. R., 71Benishin, C. G., 394Berger, Y., 321Bergis, O.-E., 265Bergman, J., 462Bernardi, G., 121Bernstein, R. N., 484, 491Biancani, P., 144Bilsky, E. J., 484, 491Bitar, K. N., 144Blier, P., 278Bloomquist, W., 97Bollen, A.-M., 239Bonati, M., 79Bonfante-Cabarcas, R., 432Borowitz, J. L., 150Bortolotti, A., 79Bose, D., 163Bose, R., 163Bonnie, M., 321Boyd, H., 511Bradberry, C. W., 40Brattaand, R., 403Broad, R. M., 193Brunner, F., 48Bryant, H. U., 543Buko, A. M., 423Cabrini, D. A., 299Caffle, D., 265Calabresi, P., 121Calixto, J. B., 299Calligaro, D. 0., 97Camici, P. G., 511Campo, G. M., 333Canale, P., 333Caputi, A. P., 333Careffi, R. M., 385Carrupt, P., 417Caruncho, H. J., 525Cawthorne, M. A., 22Chapman, H., 22

Charieras, T., 265Chau, T., 163Chauvet-Monges, A. M., 417Christopher, T. A., 128Claye, L. H., 359Cohen, I., 97Cohen, M. L., 97Cornish, J. L., 473Costa, E., 525Costarella, C. E., 34Crevat, A., 417Croitoru, K., 403Cross, S. E., 366Cunningham, V. J., 511Curet, 0., 253Damaj, M. I., 454Damoiseau, G., 253Davenport, R. J., 511Davis, H., 543Davis, T. P., 113Deadwyler, S. A., 385Delarge, J., 156de Montigny, C., 278Denissen, J. F., 423de Tullio, P., 156Diomede, L., 79Dodge, J. A., 543Domae, M., 137Dunne, M., 156Efrati, S., 79Elmer, G. I., 308Emmett-Oglesby, M. W., 212Endoh, M., 61Eros-Sarnyai, M., 225Evans, K. S., 534Fabre, G., 321Faintrenie, G., 235Fankhauser, C., 265Fedan,J.S., 1Fei, H., 174Feuerstein, G. Z., 128Fiorica-Howells, E., 518Ford, P. J., 534Frame, L. H., 174Fredholm, B. B., 193Friedman, E., 518Fujita, S., 61Fukushi, H., 502Fung, M., 403Furukawa, T., 137Gardes, A., 265Géloen,A., 235Gentile, D. M., 105George, F. R., 308Gershon, M. D., 518Gleeson, S., 87Grayson, D. R., 525Greven, J., 316Grosset, A., 265Guia, A., 163Gunasekar, P. G., 150Gunn, R. N., 511

Hailer, S., 316Harris, R. A., 411Hashizume, H., 207Hayman, E. G., 534Head, G. A., 473Herchuelz, A., 156Hermann, M., 156Hillemeier, C., 144Ho, A., 359Hoffman, W. P., 341Hoque, A. N. E., 207Hoque, N., 207Hruby, V. J., 491Ichihara, K., 207Ikonomovic, S., 525Imura, Y., 502Inoue, T., 137loculano, M., 333Ishibashi, T., 350Isom, G. E., 150Iyer, R. N., 40Jarreau, F.-X., 253, 265Johns, E. J., 245Kane, C., 156Kanthasamy, A. G., 150Karpinski, E., 394Kasamo, K., 278Kawamura, M., 502Kelly, M. J., 551Kinoshita, M., 28Kirkham, D. M., 22Kita, S., 502Kobayashi, D., 54Konkoy, C. S., 113Kreek, M. J., 359Kumar, G. N., 423Kutzer, M., 316Kyle, D. J., 299Lafontan, M., 10Lagrange, A. H., 551Lai, J., 491Lather, S. M., 10Lebrun, P., 156Lee, C. A., 287Lee, C.-I., 350Leiter, P. A., 341Leroux, B. G., 239Levin, J., 534Li, D.-H., 212Liguori, A., 462Lillibridge, J. H., 287Limbird, L. E., 10Lopez, B. L., 128Lytle, D., 212Ma, X..L., 128Maggs, J. L., 105Maiorino, R. M., 375Makrides, S. C., 534Marder, P., 341Martin, B. R., 454Martin, M. D., 239Masereel, B., 156

Matchett, M. R., 341Matter, W. F., 543Mayer, B., 48McCann, T., 239McKay, D. M., 403Meer, S., 316Mello, N. K., 225Mendelson, J. H., 225Mercer, G., 225Mercuri, N. B., 121Merhi, Y., 17Meunier, V., 321Mihic, S. J., 411Miyamoto, K-I., 54Moriya, N., 502Morse, W. H., 462Morton, S. J., 473Naleway, C., 239Narahashi, T., 445Nelson, S. D., 287Nielsen, E. B., 48Nishikawa, K, 502Norota, I., 61Noto, T., 28Nygren, P.- A., 534O'Hara, C. M., 186Ohmae, S., 54Okabe, E., 350O'Malley, K L., 186Oriowo, M. A., 22Osman, S., 511Ouedraogo, R., 156Owens, S. M., 292Pan, H., 518Pari8, H., 10Park, B. K, 105Peltier, H. L., 212Perdue, M. H., 403Pike, V. W., 511Pirotte, B., 156Pisani, A., 121Porreca, F., 484, 491Provost, P., 17Ran, J., 394Roberts, M. S., 366Rodrigues, A. D., 423Rønnekleiv, 0. K, 551Rosen, S. D., 511Rothman, R. B., 491Roux, S., 71Rovei, V., 253, 265Ruffolo, R. R., Jr., 22, 128Rutecki, G. W., 34Sadée,W., 484SaitO, N., 28Salducci, M. D., 417Salmona, M., 79Sanae, F., 54Sarnyai, Z., 225Sato, M., 543Sattar, M. A., 245Schaus, J. M., 97

AUTHOR INDEX

Schmall, B., 219Schmidt, K, 48Seidleck, B. K, 198Sennitt, M. V., 22Shelnutt, S. R., 292Shoaf, S. E., 219Siniscalchi, A., 121Slattery, J. T., 287Sohn, U. D., 144Song, J.-H., 445Sontag, N., 253Sperandeo, A., 333Squadrito, F., 333Squadrito, G., 333Stallone, J. N., 34

Stefani, A., 121Stellari, F. F., 79Sugihara, H., 502Sun, P. W., 150Susemichel, A. D., 97Swanson, K L, 432Takagi, K, 54Takanashi, M., 61Tamaki, H., 28Taylor, C. M., 212Terashita, Z.-i., 502Testa, B., 417Thompson, D. C., 97Tillement, J. P., 417Todd, R. D., 186

Tomlinson, E. S., 105Toth, C. A., 534Tschopp, T., 71Turner,J.T., 1Ubland-Smith, A., 186Ublén,M., 534Unterwald, E. M., 359van den Buuse, M., 473Vicini, S., 525Viahos, C. J., 543Wang, H.-Y., 518Wang, Z., 484Waters, S. M., 113Weisman, G. A., 1Welch, S. P., 454

Whittier, F. C., 34Wieslander, E., 403Witkin, J. M., 87, 198Wolff, R. K, 341Wong, G., 87Woods, J. S., 239Wu, Z., 366Xu, Z.-F., 375Yamada, K., 137Yang, H..T., 61Yue, T.-L., 128Zhang, G., 551Thong, T. M., 525Thu, W. J., 525