EOIEXPRESSION OF INTEREST

PROJECT

WESTERN GATEWAY DESIGN PROJECTCLIENT

WYNDHAM CITY

STUDENTSADAM KIM

ARCHITECTURE DESIGN STUDIO : AIR

WYNDAM CITY45 Princes Highway (PO Box 197),Werribee, Victoria, 3030

CONTENT

A Case For Innovation

1.1. ARCHITECTURE AS A DISCOURSE

1.2. COmPUTINg IN ARCHITECTURE

1.3. PARAmETRIC mODELLINg

Research Project

2.1.1. INPUT/ASSOCIATION/OUTPUT mATRIX

2.1.2. REVERSE-ENgINEERED CASE-STUDy

2.1.3. mATERIAL EFFECTS

2.1.4. ASSEmBLy mETHODS

2.2. RESEARCH PROJECT CONCLUSION

Case For Innovation

1.1 ARCHITECTURE AS A DISCOURSE

“Part building, part landscape, part infrastructure, all con-

nected in one hybrid link”

- Steven Holl

Throughout history, circulations, transitional spaces and connection between spaces has between an important as-pects when it comes to designing architecture. Architecture DBO�CF�EFmOFE�BT�UIF�DPOOFDUJPOT�CFUXFFOTQBDFT��"SDIJ-tectural spaces are incomplete with transitional spaces and QSPNJOFOU�BSDIJUFDUT�IBWF�BMXBZT�USJFE�UP�mOE�OFX�JOOPWBUJWF�ways to connect different spaces, which can psychological and physically enhance the circulation within a building.

This previously conceived rendered model was done in architecture design studio earth, which looks at the chal-lenges of transitional spaces and the idea of connecting spaces. This model represents my exploration in ways to connect spaces into one continuous circulation, an inter-locking of spaces.

ARCHITECTURE as a DISCOURSE

LINKED HYBIRD ARCHITECT : STEVEN HOLL

Linked Hybrid,” is one of the most innovative housing complexes anywhere in the world: eight

asymmetrical towers joined by a network of enclosed bridges that create a pedestrian zone in

the sky. [..] Take Holl’s Linked Hybrid in Beijing, for example, which has a surprisingly open, com-

munal spirit. A series of massive portals lead from the street to an elaborate internal courtyard

garden, a restaurant, a theater and a kindergarten, integrating the complex into the surrounding

neighborhood. Bridges connect the towers above ground and are conceived as a continuous

ring of public zones, with bars and nightclubs overlooking a glittering view of the city and a sus-

pended swimming pool.

-The New York TImes, T Magazine

Steven Holl’s, Linked Hybrid has been hailed as one of the groundbreaking designs of modern architecture and it has received the award for best new tall building in ‘Asia and Australasia’. Through his innovative design he IBT�FYFNQMJmFE�OFX�FOFSHZ�JO�UIF�mFME�PG�BSDIJ-tecture. Dubbed by many the Linked Hybrid is highlights as “Beijing’s most innovative new resi-dential project”, and has “encouraged a sense of pride within the local community” (Wyndham City Council)”.

However much of the discourse surrounding the Linked Hybrid, is about its notable feature of the bridge, or rather, bridges that link the eight asymmetric towers together. Working outside the convention of a typical high-rised building, Holl devised a unique function and consideration for the transitional space between his buildings, de-fying the limits and linking the building through a spectacular bridge, counteract any sense of isolation. Drawn from the vast number of publica-tion and discourse surround this project, Holl’s Linked Hybrid would not have received its ac-claim and blandishment if he did not give critical consideration to the transitional spaces.

“It’s most notable feature is a bridge - or, rather, bridges - high in the air. (...) The idea of the

street high above the city is intended to counteract the sense of isolation that high-rise living

usually brings, and to create an incentive for residents to walk around the complex. (...) The

bridges are spectacular, inside and out, and one can imagine that there will be an allure to walk-

ing in the air from tower to tower that having a cup of coffee on the ground can’t match.’

- Paul Goldberger, The New Yorker, Jun 30, 2008

A spectacular complex of eight residential towers with a hotel, cinema and school - all connect-

ed by bridges that will form a street in the sky’.

- Aric Chen, Whitewall, March, 2007

“Having just completed the Linked Hybrid in Beijing, Steven Holl Architects has established itself

HTVUN�[OL�[VW�VM�[OPZ�NYV\UK�IYLHRPUN�WHJR��;OLPY�LPNO[�[V^LY�Z[Y\J[\YL��H[[HJOLK�I`�ÅVH[PUN�walkways...

- Marcus Schulz, China Daily December 30, 2009

“With its eight colourful towers, unusual sky-bridge links, and central diamond-shaped glass

structures, Holl’s mixed-use scheme stands out from the skyline’s more severe concrete sky-

scrapers. Ecological, luxurious, inspirationally designed, with a community feel and great links to

the cultural hub of Beijing […]

- Ellie Stathaki, Wallpaper, June 2009

CCTV HEADQUARTERSARCHITECT : REM KOOLHASS

“The glass and metal skinned Beijing behemoth is basically a pair of slightly inward-leading L-

shaped towers on two opposing corners of a vast square, and joined at the top by a breaktak-

ing right angle cantilevered overhang that imbues the composition with gravity-defying bravado.

The horizontal and vertical elements interconnect in a continous serices of elements, nothng

seen before in any skyscaper.

- Robin Pogrebin The New York Times

“Interconnect in a continous series of eight segments, a snakelike circulation system quite unlike

[OH[�VM�HU`�V[OLY�VMÄJL�HUK�IYVHKJHZ[PUN�MHJPSP[ �̀¹

- Cathleen McGuigan, Newsweek Magazine

As beijing races to radically redesign its sky-lines, one of the most striking new structures is the cctv headquarters. this 1,500 feet towering skyscraper has an innovative design in com-CJOFT�EJGGFSFOU�BENJOJTUSBUJPO�PGmDFT�JOUP�B�TJOHMF�loop of interconnect spaces. rem Koolhass calls it “reinventing the tradition skyscraper by turning it into a tube folded in space.” the design plays with the notion of “interconnected activities”. the lead architect ole scheeren calms, by using connections between space,

“we can deconstructive the classical hierar-

chical system” within China.”

scheere also calls this building a “circuit of life, a huge social catalyst.” scheeren here is allud-ing to the fact that the interconnection within the building does not just dictate the physical circu-lation, but also impacts the social constructs.

integration to the Wyndham city eoiit is evident by developing an innovative ap-proach to connecting spaces, that it creates much discourse. one of the requirements of the Wyndham city brief is to connect Western suburbs with the city, creating an interchange. by examining how architects such as steven holl and rem Koolhass connecting space, these ideas can be use to develop innovative design for Wyndham project, highlighting the inter-change connection.

Case For Innovation

1.2 COMPUTATION IN ARCHITECTURE

EVOLUTION of Computation in ARCHITECTURE

“Evolutionary computation has been used to optimize exist-

JOH�EFTJHOT�GPS�UIF�HSFBUFTU�FGmDJFODZ �OPX �DPNQVUBUJPO�JOWFOU�OFX�EFTJHOT�UIBU�QFSGPSN�CFUUFS�UIBO�BOZ�IVNBO�designed predecessor.”

- David Benjamin(Autogenetic Structures, 2009)

CVTW\[LYZ�HYL�L_[YLTLS`�]P[HS�[VVS�PU�[OL�ÄLSK�VM�HYJOP[LJ[\YL��;OL`�HYL�OPNOS`�LMMLJ[P]L�Z`Z[LTH[PJ�THJOPULZ�JHU�PKLU[PM �̀�WHYHTL[LYZ��WYVJLZZ�KPZJYL[L�KH[H�HUK�PUMVYTH[PVU�PU�SHYNL�HTV\U[Z��^OPJO�O\THU�PU[LSSPNLUJL�PZ�\UHISL�[V�KV��0U�YLJLU[�JVU[LTWVYHY`�HYJOP[LJ[\YL�KLZPNU�HUK�[OYV\NO�L]VS\[PVU�VM�[OPZ�UL^�TLKP\T�VM�KPNP[HS�[LJOUVSVN �̀�[OLYL�PZ�H�ZOPM[� PU�\ZPUN�JVTW\[LYZ�HZ�H�NLULYH[P]L�[VVS��YH[OLY�[OLU�Q\Z[�H�YLWYLZLU[H[PVUHS�[VVS�MVY�WYVJLZZPUN�KH[H�HUK�PUMVYTH[PVU�,]HU�+V\NSHZ�PU�OPZ�IVVR�¸(\[VNLUPJ�Z[Y\J[\YL¹��OL�JVUZ[P[\[LZ�[OH[��

“In the evolutionary computation and all of these process-generating a random population, testing

MVY�Ä[ULZZ��LSP[PZT��JYVZZ�IYLLKPUN��T\[H[PVU�B¯D�I`�ÄUKPUN�H�]HSPK�ZVS\[PVUZ�IL`VUK�̂ OH[�H�O\THU�HSVUL�JV\SK�JYLH[L��0[�PZ�WVZZPISL�^P[O�[OPZ�HY[PÄJPHS�WYVJLZZ��HZ�P[�PZ�WVZZPISL�^P[O�UH[\YHS�L]VS\[PVU��to generate unexpected and high-performing results.”

- Evan Douglas (Autogenetic structures, 2009)

*VTW\[H[PVU�PU�HYJOP[LJ[\YL�[OLYLMVYL�HSSV^Z�HU�VWLU�LUKLK�WVZZPIPSP[`�[V�WYVK\JL�UL^�JVUJLW[\HS�PKLHZ��MVYTHS�HUK�[LJ[VUPJ�L_WSVYH[PVUZ�HUK�UL^�JVTWSL_P[PLZ� MVY� PUUV]H[PVU��4HZ[LYPUN� P[Z�WYVJLZZPUN�HIPSP[PLZ�P[�JHU�M\Y[OLY�L_WHUK�[OL�JHWHJP[`�[V�PU[LNYH[L�NYLH[LY�PUMVYTH[PVU�PU[V�[OL�KLZPNU�WYVJLZZ��HSSV^PUN�UL^�KLZPNUZ�[V�WLYMVYT�IL[[LY�MHY�NYLH[LY�[OLU�HU`�O\THU�KLZPNU�

“The real possibility that these complex geometric assemblies can be constructed. When 3D

ZVM[^HYL�HYYP]LK��[OL�PUÄUP[L�]HYPL[`�VM�[VWVSVNPJHS�]HYPH[PVU�OHK�LTLYNLK��¸���� - Evan Douglas (Autogenic Structures, 2009)

Evan Douglas latest creation, Auto bleed-ing, is an innovative membrane, which was man-ufactured with sophisticated 3D modeling soft-XBSF�BOE�mWF�BYJT�QSPUPUZQJOH�NJMMJOH�NBDIJOF��It composition blends Cartesian grid (it is based repeated modules operating along orthogonal axes) numerical systems ( the computation of a TJOHMF�VOJU�HFOFSBUFT�JOmOJUF�HSPXUI�BOE�DVSWJMJO-ear morphing ( the surface extension is continu-ously varied with shifting reference points)

Through referencing the 3D model, it is then able to be physical constructed using a casting tech-nologies employed from product design. The

beauty of this design is that it is self-supporting structure and has no support or frames, which is vigorously tested with advance computation. Through digital fabrication it allows this digital idea to be a tangable object, creating a totally new material, which can act as a surface or a wall panel. The complexity of Auto Bleeding proves the important of computation in architec-ture and the possibliites that computation can achieve which supercede any pervious tradi-tional methods. Evan Douglas creation is what the Wyndham City is looking for an original and engaging form” (Wydham City gateway Brief).(INTERgRATION TO THE EOI)

AUTO BRAIDS / AUTO BLEEDING ARCHITECT�!�,=(5�+6<.3(:

This dynamic shift in computation in architecture is not just limited to the issues of representation and form making. The advantage of computa-tion in architecture is that it can also quantify the dynamic forces and affect on architecture. There is a range of digital tools that can help designer assess certain performative aspects to their design, through critical software analysis. This gives architects and designers a whole new designing paradigm.

0OF�PG�UIF�mSTU�EJHJUBM�QFSGPSNBODF�BOBMZTJT�UPPMT�to energy was PACE (Package of Architecture Computer Evaluation), developed at ABACUS, and introduced as a “computer-aided appraisal facility for use at strategic stages in architectural EFTJHO�w�5IF�CFOFmU�PG�UIJT�TPGUXBSF�XBT�UIBU�JU�was able to identify “spatial” environmental and activity performance affecting the design, such as heat gain and loss within the building. The program would then instruct the designer how to change geometrical or constructional infor-mation, i.e. how to modify the design concepts to improve performance and then submit the modify the design for “re-appraisal”. In the end, the repetitive man/machine interaction” would lead to “convergence of a optimum” design solu-tion. Another performance-based architecture is peter cook and colin fournier’s competition winning entry for the Kunsthaus graz which uses compu- tation to alter the digital structural performance

and by consulting engineers bollinger + geoha- mann from frankfurt revealed that its structural performance could be improved with minor adjustments in the overall form, 'VUVSF�4ZTUFN �JT�BOPUIFS�EFTJHO�mSN�GSPN�-PO��EPO �UIBU�VTFT�DPNQVUBUJPO�PG�nVJE�EZOBNJDT�$'%��5IF�CVJMEJOH�XBT�NFBOU�UP�CF�TFMG�TVGm��cient in terms of its energy needs by incoprating photovoltaic cells in the louvers and a giant wind turbine placed in a huge hole in its center. the curved from of the façade was this designed to minimized the impact of the wind at the building perimeter and to channel it towards the turbine aat the center. the cDf anaylsis was essential in improving the aerodynamic performance of the building envelope.

INTERgRATION TO THE EOIFrom the evidences above, it is valid to say that architectural practice can contribute immensely to the gateway project. With its rich involvement of using computation, architects are able to de- sign in a variety of complex designs with new ca- pabilities of innovation. the use of computation BOE�EJHJUBM�UFDIOPMPHZ�DBO�SFEFmOF�HFOFSBUJWF�design process, in creating new forms, materials and performance, which can be integrated into the Wyndham city project. With the endless pos- sibilities of innovation by using computation, the gateway project will surely generate discourse.

CHRISTMAS LIGHTS BAHNHOFSTRASSE

ARCHITECT�!�.YHTHaPV� �2VOSLY

“The Worlds Largest Timepeace”

The project for the Christmas Lighting on Bahnhofstrasse (2005) is the world’s largest timepiece lighting installation with a continuous band of light with a changing pattern of light according to the set of various parameters. Empowered by the contemporary digital information technology, this Christmas lighting installation can change its light dynamics and pattern over increase or decrease in the number of visitors and activity level on site which is generated by an algorithm controlled by recorded data using sensors on the streets. In this way, each passer-by can alter the street ambi-FODF�CZ�JOnVFODJOH�UIF�MJHIUJOH�QBUUFSOT�o�QBTTFS�CZ�DBO�CFDPNF�QBSBNFUFST�UIFNTFMWFT��

Case For Innovation

1.3 PARAMETRIC MODELLING

i5IF�BSDIJUFDUVSBM�mFME�T�DVSSFOU�VTF�PG�UIF�QBSBNFUSJD�IBT�CFFO�TVQFSmDJBM�BOE�TLJO�EFFQ �NBZCF�JNQPSUBOUMZ�TP�MBDLJOH�PG�B�MBSHF�GSBNFXPSL�PG�SFGFS-ents narratives, history and forces.”

- mark Burry (Scripting Culture)

It is clear that parametric and scripting design has a great advantage within UIF�mFME�PG�BSDIJUFDUVSF��5IF�BSDIJUFDU�OPX�DBO�DSFBUF�JOmOJUF�OVNCFS�EF-signs of similar objects and geometric manifestations it in a number of dif-ferent variables from a simple assigned algorithmic value (scripting), a pro-cess that could not be done by pervious architectural techniques. However with any new avenues of designs and innovative design techniques, there also draw backs. The downfall of scripting and parametric design is that it PQFOT�BO�PQQPSUVOJUZ�GPS�UIF�QPTTJCJMJUJFT�PG�TVQFSmDJBM�EFTJHOT �XIJDI�BSF�labelled under the branch of “parametric design”, This lowers the sophisti-cation of scripting and innovative process of pervious projects that critical analyse their techniques and had augment an extensive design processes UIBU�MFBE�UP�BO�PVUDPNF�PG�TJHOJmDBOU�WBMVF��5P�B�DFSUBJO�FYUFOU�*�BHSFF�XJUI�gramazio and Kohler statement that

“We believe that a truely substantial discourse on “digital architecture” can

only arise from built projects that physically manifest”,

because it emilinate cut, copy parametric design that are not notewor-thy. The follow precedents are design and outcomes that use parametric EFTJHO�JO�B�TJHOJmDBOU�WBMVF�BOE�UIBU�BDUVBMMZ�IBE�B�TPQIJTUJDBUFE�EFTJHO�QSPDFTT�MFBEJOH�UP�B�mOJTI�QSPEVDF��#Z�MPPLJOH�BU�UIFTF�QSFDFEFOU�BOE�TFF�the value of their enriching design, this can further advocate the evidence for the use of parametric design in the Wyndham gateway project that is OPU�TVQFSmDJBM�BOE�QIPOZ�

PARAMETRIC MODELLING

In a form of collective interaction the Christmas lighting creates an unpredictable, dynamic and immaterial architecture, “the main premises be-hind the time-based light installation is that light is not static, but fundamentally dynamic in nature” (gRAmAZIO & KOHLER, 2005)

The installation consists of 275 tubes of light, each 7 meters high, and placed at 4 meters con-stant intervals. Each light tube contains 32 small LED bulbs, which regulates 256 different bright-ness levels with each bulb. In order to control the intensity of lights and patterns of each light bulb, Fabio gramazio and matthias Kohler has invent-ed custom-made software written in C++ called XmAS generator. Approximately 26,000 line of code were necessary for the creation of this soft-ware, enabling different light patterns were gen-erated and transmitted to light tubes via optical databus at the rate of 17 times per seconds.

For the intended effects to come to realization, each of the 7 meters tubes had to illuminate in all directions as well as withstanding wind and water, and be lightweight. In addition, shelf of the light UVCF�IBE�UP�CF�PG�B�TVGmDJFOUMZ�SJHJE�BOE�USBOTQBS-FOU�NBUFSJBM� o�XIJDI� USBOTNJUT� MJHIU� o� UP� SFQMBDF�aluminum core component of the tube, in order to avoid unattractive shadows on the outer shell compromising the lifting effects. After many trials and investigation, gramazio & Kohler stumbled upon the manufacturing techniques for woven HMBTT�mCFST�VTFE�JO�IJHI�UFOTJPO�JOTVMBUJPO��HMBTT�mCFST�BSF�TPBLFE�JO�SFTJO�BOE�TQVO�BSPVOE�B�NBO-drel. The winder would control the stacking of the mCFST�WJB� UXP�DPNQVUFS�DPPSEJOBUFE�NPWFNFOUT�XIFSF�TMJEJOH�DBSSJBHF�ESJWFT�UIF�XPVOE�HMBTT�m-bers back and forth along the spinning mandrel. This innovative fabrication

technique generated extremely stable multi-lay-ered shell for the light tube to solve design ob-stacles and enable the design ideas to come to physical manifestation. The studio developed customized software, which stimulates the fabri-cation process to come up with optimal joints of CPUI� MJHIU�EJGGVTJPO�BOE� SJHJEJUZ�� FOBCMJOH� UIF�BS-chitects to test weaving variations with different bandwidths, angles and tiers.

An intense involvement with the computer-oper-ated production process allowed the architects to integrate two incongruent requirements into one single material, and thus implement for the mSTU�UJNF�XPVOE�HMBTT�mCFST�GPS�MJHIUJOH�PO�TVDI�a large scale. The brief requires the gateway to “propose new, inspiring and brave ideas, to gen-erate a new discourse.” (gateway Brief, 2011) Therefore gramazio & Kohler’s Christmas Light-ing installation becomes a precedent of great

importance and relevance to the Wyndham City $PVODJM�T�QSPQPTBM�GPS�JU�TFFLT�UP�mOE�OFX�TPMVUJPO�to digital architecture design and the realization of design concepts into tangible reality with nu-merous inventions of software and manufacturing techniques through experiment after experiment. This advances and extends current architectural discourse further, stretching the new possibility of digitization of architecture and realization of it through continuous development of fabrication techniques.

ARCHITECT�!�(30�9(/04

Scripting and the feedback technology has been a massive part of Ali Rahim work, it seem that most of his design come from an exploration of looking at forms using scripting and by using feedback technology he is able to determine performance aspects within his building. By organizing logic facts using algorithms, he can create a number of feasible pattern that can be incorporated into the build-ing system, but form is not the only thing he explores with scripting, he is also able to test how the building will perform, looking at ways the surface of the façade can change and anticipate to different conditions.

“For example in the openings of this building we studied the pattern of the light through different times of the day and year, We wanted to intensity the gradient between different conditions such as light and date, smooth and route.”

Here scripting is use with sophisticated and with a logical outcome. It is enrich with “original and engaging form” (Wyndham City) but there is a strong evidence of innovation, which has lead to the possibilities of scripting.

INHABITING THE VECTOR

“Through digital algorithm and enabled by scripting. In the most elegant of designs, scripting is

use to develop new types of interactional schemes that integrate all design and manufacturing

intention in one seamless model, Ultimately the architect challenge is to control the modulation

of these relations in order to endow each project with the desire effect.”

- Ali Rahim (Interview by Evan Douglas)

(E3) EMERGENCE EFFECT ENVIRONMENT

ARCHITECT�!�5(9;(�4(3,�(3,4(5@

5IF�EJHJUBM�SFWPMVUJPO�IBT�SFBDIFE�JUT�mSTU�TUBHF�PG�NBUVSJUZ��"GUFS�OFX�UFDIOPMPHJFT�JOUSPEVDFE�greater versatility in traditional design processes, recent research has focused on apply the perceptional of the digital to generate and fabricate architectural form. The E3 project is an interactive digital model that was created using association parametric software to generate that emerge from construction.Fabrication of E3 was fabricated and installed in 3 weeks using he 3 axis CNC mill at SCI-Arc subconstructed local worshops for wielding the structure and vacumm-froming he plastic and student help for the overall assembly.

Research Project

2. 1.1 INPUT/ASSOCIATION/OUTPUT MATRIX

CUT DEFINTIONS : INPUTS/ASSOCIATION/OUTPUTS

EXPLICIT gRID / ImAgE SAmPLER / ROTATE

Here we tried to visualize and convey the movement of the facade onto a HSBTTIPQQFS�EFmOUJPO�XF�VTF�EJGGFSFOU�MFOHIU�BOE�DVSWBUPVS�GPS�UIF�MJOFBS�elements to create different and curvator for the linear elements to create EJGGFSFOU�UFYUVSF�BOE�TFOTF�PG�nVEF�NPUJPO�BDSPTT�UIF�QMBOF�GBDBEF�

EXPLICIT/ gRID / ImAgE SAmPLER / EXTRUSION

Using exploration of extrusion more Dynamic and Various Textural Image was created once again. The image used in the image sample association has dictated the overall shape and texture of the outcome in the fabrica-UJPO�FYUSVTJPO�XPVME�CF�NPSF�EJGmDVMU�UP�GBCSJDBUF�XJUI�GBCMBC�DBO�PGGFS�ZFU�this was worhtwhile exploration

CUT DEFINTIONS : INPUTS/ASSOCIATION/OUTPUTS

GANTENBEIN VINEYARD FACADE, FLASH, SWITZERLAND

ARCHITECTS / DESIGNERS���(SBNB[JP���,PIMFS

COMPLETED�������

CLIENT���.BSUB�BOE�%BOJFM�(BOUFOCFJO

Research Project

2. 1.2 CASE STUDY PROJECT

The façade design of the gantenbein Vineyard XBT� VOEFSUBLFO� CZ� UIF� EFTJHO� PGmDF� PG� (SBN-B[JP���,PIMFS�o�XIP�QSPQPTFE�GPS�B�NBTPOSZ�JOmMM�between the concrete skeletal frames. The ma-sonry facade serves as both temperature buffer, BOE�TVOMJHIU�mMUFS�GPS�UIF�GFSNFOUBUJPO�SPPN�PG�UIF�gantenbein Vineyard. The fermentation hall had to be windowless because constant temperatures and subdued lightings are required for grape fermentation. In order to provide natural lighting despite these preconditions, gramazio & Kohler designed a façade in which the bricks were laid with gaps between them to allow daylight to enter the fermentation hall. The façade of the vineyard is imbued with a grape pattern, thus branding the identity of the vineyard. To create this textural ef-fect, an information generation process had to be generated which produces an impression of a precisely controlled result by applying purely sys-tematic chance. The composition of grapes was experimented into a virtual container via digitally TJNVMBUFE�HSBWJUZ �VOUJM�B�TVGmDJFOU�EFOTJUZ�PG� UIF�balls was achieved. The acquired image of the grapes was then used to create the grape-like brick wall patterns, using an automated layout process.

The brick wall patterns are three-dimensional, ro-UBUFE�TMJHIUMZ �UIVT�SFnFDUJOH�MJHIU�EJGGFSFOUMZ��5IJT�results in different tonal values across the surface of the façade. Bricks of the facade function like pixels that form the grapes image pattern. Unlike the two-dimensional image, the facade contains a subtle interplay between plasticity, depth, and color in a dynamic texture of the brick pattern, maximizing its material effect that constantly shift during the course of the day. On a closer view, the walls reveal a materiality that resembles stone-work, and it is surprising that the soft round form from a distance is actually composed of individu-al, orthogonal, hard material - bricks. Inside of the fermentation hall, the transparency of the brick wall creates a mild, yet luminous atmosphere in UIF�GFSNFOUBUJPO�IBMM�EVSJOH�UIF�EBZ�o�NBOJGFTUJOH�the design intent through the subtle light modula-tion by the gaps between the bricks.

“A three-dimensional brick façade, there-fore, is far more afective than a two-

dimensional image” ~Gramazio & Kohler

R-O-B, MOBILE FABRICATION ARCHITECT�!�.YHTHaPV� �2VOSLY

3�0�#�JT�B�NPCJMF�GBCSJDBUJPO�VOJU�JOWFOUFE�CZ�(SBNB[JP���,PIMFS�T�EFTJHO�PGmDF �NBLJOH�VTF�PG�computer methodologies in the design and fabrication process allows for manufacturing building el-FNFOUT�XJUI�IJHIMZ�TQFDJmD�GPSNT �XIJDI�DPVME�OPU�CF�CVJMEJOH�NBOVBMMZ��*U�DPNCJOFT�UIF�BEWBOUBHFT�PG�QSFGBCSJDBUJPO�o�QSFDJTJPO�BOE�DPOTJTUFOU�IJHI�RVBMJUZ�o�XJUI�UIF�BEWBOUBHFT�PG�TIPSU�USBOTQPSU�routes and just-in-time production on the building site. Furthermore, the mobile fabrication unit is not SFTUSJDUFE�UP�B�QSFEFmOFE�NBOVGBDUVSJOH�QSPDFTT�PS�B�QBSUJDVMBS�CVJMEJOH�NBUFSJBM�

The idea for R-O-B initiated in 2006 during gramazio & Kohler’s project with brick manufacturers ,FMMFS�"(�;JFHFMFJFO��(BOUFOCFJO�WJOFZBSE�GBÎBEF��$SFBUJOH�B�SPCPU�JO�UIF�TUVEJP�T�XBSFIPVTF �UIFZ�produced in-house the elaborately woven brick walls for the gantenbein vineyard project with abso-MVUF�QSFDJTJPO �EFTQJUF�UIF�DPNQMJDBUFE�NPUJG��1SPWJOH�JUT�FGmDJFODZ�BOE�DBUDIJOH�UIF�FZFT�PG�NBOZ �researchers are now looking at expanding its applications into a variety of materials.

i8F�BSF�OPU�JOUFSFTUFE�JO�SFQMBDJOH�DPOWFOUJPOBM�UFDIOJRVFT�XJUI�SPCPUT �XF�BSF�JOUFSFTUFE�JO�HJWJOH�OFX �VOFYQMPSFE�UFDIOJRVFT�UP�BSDIJUFDUT�BOE�EFTJHOFST�UP�XPSL�XJUI �SFTVMUJOH�JO�OFX�BFTUIFUJD�FYQSFTTJPOT�PS�OFX�DPOTUSVDUJPO�NFUIPET�w�

~Gramazio & Kohler

CASE STUDY MATRIX

By examining and investigating the Gainberg Vineyard

7YVQLJ[��[OL�NYV\W�^LU[�VU�[V�L_WSVYL�KPɈLYLU[�]HYPH-

tions. With the help of parametric modeling we were

about to discover new variations of the wall. Here by

we are able to reference a block into a surface, creat-

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puts in grasshopper we discovered that decreasing the

size of the block it give the surface greather resolution

MATERIAL EFFECT

Exploration of the impact of light hitting the surface to create texture and depth to the panels, high-lighte the movement and rhythmic nortion of the surface, much like the gainberg Facade where the natural light is hitting the surface

ASSEMBLY METHOD

Research Project

2.2. Research Project Conclusion

FROM HERE ON

$POUJOVF� JO� UIF� FYQMPSBUJPO� GPS� DSFBUJOH� B� mOBM� QSPKFDU� GPS� UIF�gateway project, From feedback to explore new ideas of humans as parameters and to address the gateway brief more. Search and research new precedents and learn their techniques and fabrication techniques and other design process they might use, how not to just copy them but to explore and expand to create something new, making it something of your own.