Journal #34 Journal #34 Birth ControlBirth ControlList all the methods of List all the methods of birth control you can birth control you can

think ofthink of

Birth Birth Control 101Control 101

9 methods of Birth Control9 methods of Birth Control

Pros & Cons Pros & Cons

Effectiveness-How well Effectiveness-How well they work!they work!

#1 Abstinence#1 Abstinence Not having sexual Not having sexual intercourseintercourse

Pros:Pros: No major health concerns No major health concerns No exam needed No exam needed Always available Always available Protects against Protects against STIs/HIVSTIs/HIV

Cons: May be Cons: May be UnrealisticUnrealistic

Effectiveness: 100% Effectiveness: 100%

#2 Male Condom#2 Male Condom Covers penis and stops Covers penis and stops spermsperm

Some have spermicideSome have spermicide Easy to buy at the storesEasy to buy at the stores Used only onceUsed only once Pros:Pros:

No major health concernsNo major health concerns No exam neededNo exam needed Protect against STIs / HIVProtect against STIs / HIV

Cons:Cons: Allergic reactions can Allergic reactions can happenhappen

Can break if not used Can break if not used properlyproperly

Can interrupt sexCan interrupt sex Effectiveness: 88% - 98% Effectiveness: 88% - 98%

#3 Female Condom#3 Female Condom Lines the vagina to stop Lines the vagina to stop

sperm sperm Extends outside the vagina Extends outside the vagina Used only onceUsed only once Some have spermicideSome have spermicide Easy to buy at the storesEasy to buy at the stores Pros:Pros:

No major health concernsNo major health concerns No exam neededNo exam needed Most women insert it up to Most women insert it up to

8 hours before use8 hours before use Can protect against STIs/HIVCan protect against STIs/HIV

Cons:Cons: Can be pushed into vaginaCan be pushed into vagina Penis can slip to the side Penis can slip to the side

ofof Can be hard to insertCan be hard to insert Can cause minor discomfortCan cause minor discomfort Can break if not used Can break if not used

properlyproperly Effectiveness: 79% - 95 % Effectiveness: 79% - 95 %

#4 Hormonal Method (5 #4 Hormonal Method (5 Types)Types) Hormones stop ovulationHormones stop ovulation

Changes cervical mucus to stop Changes cervical mucus to stop spermsperm

Prescription neededPrescription needed

5 Methods available 5 Methods available

The PILL is taken at same time The PILL is taken at same time each day each day

The STICK is inserted under The STICK is inserted under skin for 3 yrs skin for 3 yrs

The RING is inserted in vagina The RING is inserted in vagina for 3 wksfor 3 wks

The SHOT is every 12 weeks by The SHOT is every 12 weeks by a Dr. a Dr.

The PATCHThe PATCH is put on skin every wk is put on skin every wk for 3 wksfor 3 wks

All are All are 97% - 99.9% effective 97% - 99.9% effective if used correctly . if used correctly .

Important: Important: Women decide which Women decide which one would work best for them one would work best for them and their lifestyleand their lifestyle

Hormonal MethodHormonal Method

Pros:Pros: Easy to use.Easy to use. Doesn't Doesn't interrupt sex.interrupt sex.

May decrease May decrease cramps cramps

Cons:Cons: Possible nausea, Possible nausea, bloated feel, bloated feel, light or no light or no periods, spotting, periods, spotting, weight gain or weight gain or loss, tender loss, tender breasts, mood breasts, mood changes, headacheschanges, headaches

For some women, For some women, risk of blood risk of blood clots, heart clots, heart attack and strokeattack and stroke

NO protection NO protection against STIs/HIVagainst STIs/HIV

#5 Emergency #5 Emergency Contraceptive PillsContraceptive Pills EC can work within 5 days of sex, EC can work within 5 days of sex,

but is more effective taken sooner but is more effective taken sooner EC is available from Planned EC is available from Planned

Parenthood, health centers, & at Parenthood, health centers, & at pharmacypharmacy

Stops ovulation, changes lining of Stops ovulation, changes lining of uterus stopping implantationuterus stopping implantation

Does not cause abortionDoes not cause abortion 1 dose of pill1 dose of pill You may want EC if:You may want EC if:

The condom brokeThe condom broke You had unprotected sexYou had unprotected sex BC pills forgotten 2 days in a BC pills forgotten 2 days in a

rowrow You were forced into sexYou were forced into sex

Cons: Half feel nauseous, 1/3 Cons: Half feel nauseous, 1/3 vomit.vomit. Breast tenderness, irregular Breast tenderness, irregular

bleeding, fluid retention, & bleeding, fluid retention, & headachesheadaches

Using often causes irregular Using often causes irregular periods periods

No protection against STIs/HIVNo protection against STIs/HIV Effectiveness: 75% - 89%Effectiveness: 75% - 89%

#6 Barriers & #6 Barriers & SpermicidesSpermicides Cover the cervixCover the cervix

Use with spermicide (kills Use with spermicide (kills sperm)sperm)

Insert at, & leave in for, the Insert at, & leave in for, the right timeright time

Pros:Pros: The Sponge & Spermicide are The Sponge & Spermicide are easy to buy at the store, No major easy to buy at the store, No major health issues,health issues, Others by prescription, but Others by prescription, but

reusablereusable Less side effects than hormonesLess side effects than hormones

Cons: Cons: Can be messy,Can be messy, Allergies to some of spermicide,Allergies to some of spermicide, May increase risk of UTI,May increase risk of UTI, Some find it hard to put in or take Some find it hard to put in or take

out,out, May be pushed out of placeMay be pushed out of place

No protection against STIs/HIVNo protection against STIs/HIV Effectiveness: 71% - 94% Effectiveness: 71% - 94%

#7 IUD (Intrauterine #7 IUD (Intrauterine Device)Device) The ParaGard has copper, The ParaGard has copper,

prevents sperm's swimmingprevents sperm's swimming The hormone in Mirena The hormone in Mirena

thickens cervical mucus, thickens cervical mucus, which stops sperm which stops sperm

Prevents fertilization Prevents fertilization If fertilization occurs it If fertilization occurs it

can stop implantationcan stop implantation Clinician must insert itClinician must insert it Pros: Pros: Doesn't interrupt sexDoesn't interrupt sex

Mirena lasts 5-7 yrs, Mirena lasts 5-7 yrs, Paragard lasts 10-12 yrs, Paragard lasts 10-12 yrs, Hassle-freeHassle-free

Cons: Cons: May increase risk of Pelvic May increase risk of Pelvic Inflammatory Disease,Inflammatory Disease,

which can cause infertilitywhich can cause infertility Some women bleed or cramp moreSome women bleed or cramp more May slip out of placeMay slip out of place Problems can result if user Problems can result if user

becomes pregnantbecomes pregnant No protection against No protection against

STIs/HIV STIs/HIV Effectiveness: 97% - 99%Effectiveness: 97% - 99%

#8 Natural Family Planning #8 Natural Family Planning oror

Fertility Awareness MethodFertility Awareness Method Women learn to predict Women learn to predict ovulation by:ovulation by: taking temp dailytaking temp daily checking cervical mucus checking cervical mucus and recording periodsand recording periods

Pros: No major health Pros: No major health issuesissues Useful in planning Useful in planning pregnancypregnancy

Cons: Must check mucus Cons: Must check mucus & temperature every day& temperature every day No protection for STIs/HIVNo protection for STIs/HIV

Effectiveness: 80% - 98%Effectiveness: 80% - 98%

#9 Vasectomy &#9 Vasectomy &Tubal SterilizationTubal Sterilization

Vasectomy makes a man Vasectomy makes a man permanently sterilepermanently sterile A small section of the A small section of the "vas deferens" is removed"vas deferens" is removed

Sperm canSperm can’’t mix in sement mix in semen Tubal sterilization Tubal sterilization permanent for womenpermanent for women Fallopian tubes are Fallopian tubes are closed off by tying and closed off by tying and cutting cutting

Eggs canEggs can’’t get outt get out Pros: PermanentPros: Permanent Cons: Permanent, Cons: Permanent,

No protection against No protection against STIs/HIV,STIs/HIV,

Complications can occur Complications can occur with surgery with surgery

Effectiveness: over 99% Effectiveness: over 99%