Jose Palomar
Multiscale Research Strategy
J. Bedia, E. Ruiz, J. De-Riva, V. Ferro, J. Palomar, J. J.
Rodriguez. Optimized Ionic Liquids for Toluene Absorption. AIChE
Journal, 2013, 59(5),1648-1656
Experimental Tests
IL-based Materials
IL film
Discrete fluidDiscrete fluid
High separation capacity
Improved transport properties
J. Palomar, J. Lemus, M. A. Gilarranz, J. J. Rodriguez.
Carbon 2009, 47, 1846.
Efficient adsorption of IL from water using activated carbon
(AC)
Use the high IL – AC affinity
to generate
with 2 nm < Dpore < 8 nm pores.
ENIL preparationi
~ 400 nm
N. Alonso-Morales, M. A. Gilarranz, J. Palomar, J. Lemus, F. Heras,
J. J. Rodriguez.. Carbon, 2013, 59,430-438.
S. B. Yoon, K. Sohn, J. Y. Kim, C. Shin, J. Yu and T. Hyeon, Adv.
Mater., 2002, 14, 19–21.
ENIL preparationi
~ 400 nm
DCapsule = 400700 nm tShell = 100150 nm
ABet 1500 m2/g Vmicrop 0.6 cm3/g Vmesop 0.7 cm3/g
Vmacrop 2.5 cm3/g
%C = 94%
ENIL preparationi
IL incorporation
Drying: 10 mbar, 333 K, 2 h
Solution: Acetone + IL (30%) (1 ml solution / 100 mg CCap)
CCap
ENIL
0.2 0.5 1 1.5 2 3 4 4.9
% w/w 17 33 50 60 67 75 80 83
mIL
mCap
vs ENILs
J. Lemus, J. Palomar, M. A. Gilarranz, J. J. Rodriguez
Adsorption 2011, 17, 561.
Microscopy (TEM)
ENIL R:4
ENIL characterizationii
ABET Aexterna Vmicrop. Vmesop.
Capsule 1558 700 0.554 0.683 R:0.2 761 322 0.402 0.329
R:0.5 656 268 0.269 0.264 R:1 159 80 0.088 0.073 R:1.5 23 19 0.003
0.026 R:2 11 8 0.001 0.014 R:4 3 2 0.000 0.002 R:5 0 0 0.000
0.000
A (m2/g); V(cm3/g)
Solid appearance
No solid surface available Discrete fluidDiscrete
fluid
IL dropsIL drops
J. Palomar, J. Lemus, N. Alonso-Morales, J. Bedia, M. A. Gilarranz,
J. J. Rodriguez. Encapsulated ionic liquids (ENILs): from
continuous to discrete liquid phase. Chemical Communications 2012,
48, 10046.
Hyphotesis
Separation processesCatalysis
COSMORS computational + gravimetric analysis
Gas solubility (KH) vs
NH3IL interaction enthalpy (HE)
Conventional ILs
1
J. Bedia, J. Palomar, M. Gonzalez-Miquel, F. Rodríguez, J. J.
Rodriguez. Screening ionic liquids as suitable ammonia absorbents
on the basis of thermodynamic and kinetic analysis. Separation
Purification Technology 2012, 95, 188-195
OHmimBF4
IL Amount
ENIL-Rn (OHemimBF4)
% IL w/w 50 67 75 83
iii
IL absorption vs ENIL sorption Ccap
adsorption vs ENIL sorption
Fixed Bed Experiments
q t (m
Absorption Desorption
NH3 Capture - ENIL application
q t (m
293 k, 1 atm N2 100 cm3/min
3
Experimental tests
q e ( m
q e ( m
Experimental tests
k ( m
in 1 )
k ( m
in 1 )
q e ( m
q e ( m
x 3
Experimental tests
NH3 Capture - ENIL application
CCap ENIL R:5
Gas flow 20 ml/min Bed length 8 cm NH3 concentration
2000 ppm Temperature 293 K Pressure 1 atm
NH3 Capture - ENIL application
C/ C0
Time (min)
CCap EIL R:5
Gas flow 20 ml/min Bed length 8 cm NH3 concentration
2000 ppm Temperature 293 K Pressure 1 atm CCap
R:5
q (mg/m) 1.2 5.9
NH3 Capture - ENIL application
Sorption: 293 K 2000 ppmv NH3 20 mL•min-1 N2
Desorption: 373 K 1 mL•min-1 N2
NH3 Capture - ENIL application
ENIL Regeneration
MultiENIL
SoluteInteractionSelective IL
NH3
Toluene
H2O
IL1
IL2
IL3
H-Bond
Electrostatic
H-Bond
Acknowledgements
Colleagues: Dr. Juan José Rodríguez
Dr. Miguel Angel Gilarranz
Dr. Noelia Alonso Dr. Jorge Bedia
Dr. Jesús Lemus Dr. María GonzálezMiquel
Cristian Moya
Financial support: Ministerio Ciencia e Innovacion
Comunidad de Madrid COST action EXIL
31
LOGO
Encapsulated ionic liquids (ENIL)
Applied to Gas Capture
Jose Palomar Universidad Autónoma de Madrid