Joint Session - NERC€¦ · •Greg Ford –Georgia Systems Operations Corporation ... •Recommendation 3: Coordinate with inverter manufacturer(s) to set inverter voltage trip

Joint SessionOperating, Planning, Critical Infrastructure Protection

Committees

June 5, 2018 | New Orleans, LA

*All presentations are posted with the written consent of the presenters.

Standards Efficiency

Review and Standards

Grading ProjectHoward Gugel, Senior Director of Standards and Education

OC/PC/CIPC Joint Meeting

June 5, 2018

RELIABILITY | ACCOUNTABILITY2

Advisory Group

• Matt Goldberg – ISO-NE

• Greg Ford – Georgia Systems Operations Corporation

• Carol Chinn – Florida Municipal Power Agency

• John Pespisa – Southern California Edison Company

• Amy Casuscelli - Xcel Energy, Inc.

• Randy Crissman – New York Power Authority

• Ken McIntyre – NERC Executive Sponsor


Role

• Define project scope and develop review criteria

• Solicit input for requirement candidate list

• Solicit candidates for review teams

• Evaluate review team product to ensure scope conformation

• Consider modifications to scope based on feedback

• Control parking lot list of items out of scope for this project


Considerations

• 2016 and 2017 Standards Grading

• Incorporate experience from “Paragraph 81” effort and Independent Expert Review Panel

• Evaluate compliance history

• Formulate and vet candidate list


Schedule

• Create project page on NERC website - Complete

• Advisory Team finalize scope, criteria, and approach – Complete

• Solicit industry experts for review teams – Complete

• Present scope and approach to Standards Committee –Complete

• Assemble review teams Complete

• Review teams submit draft SARs for comment (2018 Q2)


Schedule

• Industry ballots on proposed retirements/modifications to standards (2018 Q3 – 2018 Q4)

• Propose balloted standards to NERC Board of Trustees – 2018 Q4 to 2019 Q1 (changes to standards to include consolidation, modification, and retirement)


• Modeled after Independent Expert Review Panel template

Content

Quality

• Standing Team

Chairs of Operating Committee (OC), Planning Committee (PC), and representatives from NERC and Regions

Meetings facilitated by Chair of the Standards Committee (SC)

• Informed by stakeholder input

• Grades are input into PRs and attached to RSDP

Standards Grading


• BAL-005

• BAL-006

• CIP-014

• FAC-003

• FAC-010

• IRO-001

• IRO-006

• IRO-008

• IRO-010

• IRO-014

• IRO-017

• MOD-020

• MOD-025

• MOD-026

• MOD-027

• MOD-031

• PER-001

• PRC-002

• PRC-015

• PRC-016

• TOP-002

• TOP-003

Standards Eligible in 2018


• Standards Efficiency Review is focused on retirements

• Standards grading is a metric Informs periodic reviews

Allows before/after comparison

Difference


Loss of Solar Resources during

Transmission Disturbances due to

Inverter Settings – IIOverview of Level 2 NERC Alert

Ryan Quint, Senior Manager, Advanced Analytics and Modeling

NERC Joint PC/OC Meeting

June 5, 2018


Background: Blue Cut Fire Disturbance Report & Alert


Canyon 2 Fire Disturbance Aggregate Solar PV Response

~15 minutes

-682

-74

-1011

Fault 1:682 – 0 = 682 MW

Fault 2:1011 – 74 = 937 MW


Background:Canyon 2 Fire Disturbance

• Event occurred on October 9, 2017 Not a qualified event

Entities volunteered to work with ERO

• NERC/WECC event analysis

• NERC Inverter-based Resource Performance Task Force (IRPTF) technical support

• Published disturbance report in February 2018


Second Level 2 NERC Alert:Industry Recommendation

• Published May 1

• Initial acknowledgement by May 8

• Responses to questions by July 31

• Distribution: BAs, GOs, GOPs, PCs, RCs, TPs, TOPs

• Drivers: Mitigating actions to ensure reliability

Data collection to understand extent of condition


• Review the October 9, 2017, Canyon 2 Fire Disturbance Report for more detailed, technical information

• Key findings and recommendations: No erroneous frequency tripping

Continued use of momentary cessation (MC)

Ramp rate interactions with return from momentary cessation

Interpretation of PRC-024-2 voltage ride-through curve

Instantaneous voltage tripping and measurement filtering

Phase lock loop synchronization issues

DC reverse current tripping

Transient interactions and ride-through considerations

Recommendations

https://www.nerc.com/pa/rrm/ea/October 9 2017 Canyon 2 Fire Disturbance Report/900 MW Solar Photovoltaic Resource Interruption Disturbance Report.pdf


Generator Owners of solar PV resources who are receiving this Industry Recommendation should:

• Recommendation 1a: Ensure dynamic model(s) accurately represent performance of solar PV

facilities.

Refer to the Modeling Notification published on this topic.

If inverters solar facility use MC, update dynamic model(s) to accurately represent MC.

Provide model(s) to TP, PC, RC, TOP, and BA

If no model(s) change required, written notification that previously provided model(s) accurately captures behavior of facility

Provide updated model(s) or written notification of no change to TP, PC, RC, TOP, and BA as soon as possible but no later than July 31, 2018.

Generator Owner Recommendations

http://www.nerc.com/comm/PC/NERCModelingNotifications/Modeling_Notification_-_Modeling_Momentary_Cessation_-_2018-02-27.pdf


Modeling Notification: Momentary Cessation

• Existing models largely DO NOT accurately represent installed resource performance Identified issue that must be addressed

for models in planning and operations studies

Developed notification to help industry in modeling efforts

Guidance provided as part of second NERC Alert



• Recommendation 1b: Work with inverter manufacturer(s) to identify changes that can be made

to eliminate MC to greatest extent possible, consistent with equipment capability.




• Recommendation 1b (cont.): For inverters where MC cannot be eliminated entirely, identify possible MC

settings changes that result in:

a. Reducing MC low voltage threshold to the lowest value possible.

b. Increasing MC high voltage threshold to highest value possible, at least higher than the NERC Reliability Standard PRC-024-2 voltage ride-through curve levels.

c. Reducing recovery delay (time between voltage recovery and start of current injection) to smallest value possible (i.e., on the order of 1-3 electrical cycles).

d. Increasing active current ramp rate upon return from MC to at least 100% per second, unless specific reliability studies have demonstrated otherwise.

Provide proposed changes, and accompanying model, to TP and PC.

Provide proposed models, according to TP/PC procedures for modifying existing facilities, as soon as possible but no later than July 31, 2018.

Make proposed changes to equipment settings once TP/PC approves changes (based on Recommendation 6b).




• Recommendation 2: Ensure inverter restoration from MC not impeded by plant-level control

ramp rates.

o Could add short delay before plant-level controller resumes sending power commands to individual inverters after voltage recovers

• Recommendation 3: Coordinate with inverter manufacturer(s) to set inverter voltage trip

settings using the following principles:

a. Region outside “No Trip Zone” of ride-through curves of PRC-024-2 does not state that it is a “Must Trip Zone”.

b. Inverter voltage trip settings should be based on physical equipment limitations to protect the inverter, as necessary. PRC-024-2 curve defines baseline level of voltage trip settings rather than specifying required trip settings.

c. Refer to Figure 2.4, Pg. 15 of the Canyon 2 Fire Disturbance Report for additional guidance on recommended transient overvoltage ride-through.




• Recommendation 4: Consult with inverter PV panel manufacturer(s) to implement inverter DC

reverse current protection settings based on equipment limitations, such that resource will not trip unnecessarily during BPS high voltage transients.

• Recommendation 5: Provide responses to questions in NERC Alert to RC, BA, TOP, PC, and TP as

soon as possible but no later than July 31, 2018.



Transmission Planners, Planning Coordinators, Transmission Operators, and Reliability Coordinators who are receiving this Industry Recommendation should:

• Recommendation 6a: Track, retain, and use updated dynamic model(s) of existing resource

performance supplied by GOs to perform assessments and system analyses to identify any potential reliability risks related to instability, cascading, or uncontrolled separation as soon as possible but no later than December 7, 2018, with notification to Regional Entity that these studies are complete.

For updated models received after July 31, 2018, assessments and system analyses should be performed within 120 calendar days.

TP, PC, TOP, and RC Recommendations


Transmission Planners, Planning Coordinators, Transmission Operators, and Reliability Coordinators who are receiving this Industry Recommendation should:

• Recommendation 6b: Track, retain, and analyze proposed dynamic model(s) supplied by GOs

that indicate proposed changes (based on Recommendation 1b) to eliminate MC to the extent possible.

Based on analysis, approve or disapprove potential changes based on reliability risks related to instability, cascading, or uncontrolled separation as soon as possible but no later than December 7, 2018, with notification to Regional Entity that these studies are complete.

For updated models received after July 31, 2018, assessments and system analyses should be performed within 120 calendar days.

TP, PC, TOP, and RC Recommendations


For TPs, PCs, TOPs, and RCs…

For GOs...

Reporting Instructions


Data Submission Worksheet


• Q1-Q6: Plant and Inverter Information EIA-860 Solar PV Plant Name, Plant Code, and Nameplate Capacity (MW)

Inverter manufacturer name(s), model number(s), and quantity

• Q7a-b: Individual Inverter Information Individual Inverter nameplate MW and MVA rating for each make and

model of inverter (MW)

• Q8: Existing inverter settings use MC?

• Q9a-d: MC Setting Information (if yes to Q8) Existing low voltage MC voltage threshold

Existing high voltage MC voltage threshold

Existing time delay before inverter begins injecting current after MC

Existing active current ramp rate when recovering from MC

Data Submission Questions


• Q10: Can inverters COMPLETELY ELIMINATE use of MC?

• Q11: If No to Q10, can you MAKE CHANGES TO the MC settings?

• Q11a: If No to Q11, explain rationale.

• Q12a-d: Modifications to MC Settings (if yes to Q11) Proposed low voltage MC threshold

Proposed high voltage MC threshold

Proposed time delay before inverter begins injecting current after MC

Proposed active current ramp rate when recovering from MC

• Q13: Which models provided to TP, PC, RC, and TOP

• Q14: Complete "Voltage Protection" tab tables

• Q15: Verification of information sharing to RC, BA, TOP, PC, TP

• Q16: Additional comments

Data Submission Questions


• Although this NERC Alert pertains specifically to BES solar PV resources, the same characteristics may exist for non-BES1 solar PV resources connected to the BPS regardless of installed generating capacity or interconnection voltage.

• Owners and operators of those facilities are encouraged to consult their inverter manufacturers, review inverter settings, and implement the recommendations described herein.

• While this NERC alert focuses on solar PV, we encourage similar activities for other inverter-based resources such as, but not limited to, battery energy storage and wind resources.

1 These resources do not meet the Bulk Electric System definition, and are generally less than 75 MVA yet connected to transmission-level voltage.

Clarification for Non-BES Resources connected to the BPS


Large BES Solar Resources

Operating PV

> 75 MW

Unofficial - Illustration Purposes Only


Operating PV

> 1 MW

BPS-Connected Solar Resources

Unofficial - Illustration Purposes Only


Relevant Materials

• Disturbance Report: https://www.nerc.com/pa/rrm/ea/October%209%202017%20Canyon%202%20Fire%20Disturbance%20Report/900%20MW%20Solar%20Photovoltaic%20Resource%20Interruption%20Disturbance%20Report.pdf

• NERC Alerts Page: https://www.nerc.com/pa/rrm/bpsa/Pages/Alerts.aspx

• Level 2 NERC Alert – Loss of Solar Resources II: https://www.nerc.com/pa/rrm/bpsa/Alerts%20DL/NERC_Alert_Loss_of_Solar_Resources_during_Transmission_Disturbance-II_2018.pdf

• Data Submission Worksheet: https://www.nerc.com/pa/rrm/bpsa/Alerts%20DL/Data_Submission_Worksheet-IId.xlsx

https://www.nerc.com/pa/rrm/bpsa/Pages/Alerts.aspx

https://www.nerc.com/pa/rrm/bpsa/Pages/Alerts.aspx

https://www.nerc.com/pa/rrm/bpsa/Alerts DL/NERC_Alert_Loss_of_Solar_Resources_during_Transmission_Disturbance-II_2018.pdf

https://www.nerc.com/pa/rrm/bpsa/Alerts DL/Data_Submission_Worksheet-IId.xlsx


Ryan Quint

Senior Manager, Advanced Analytics and Modeling

Office (202) 400-3015

Cell (202) 809-3079

[email protected]

mailto:[email protected]

State of Reliability ReportStatus and Key Findings

David Till, Senior Manager, Performance Analysis

OC/PC/CIPC Joint Meeting in New Orleans

June 5, 2018


SOR 2018 Collaboration

• Thanks to the technical committees and their subcommittees, task forces, and working groups such as PAS, RS, EAS, SMWG, and IRPTF for developing SOR 2018 from CY2017 events and data!

• PAS in its special SOR leadership role had unrestricted access to edit SOR 2018 until the document was brought “in house” for NERC Publications’ review for tone and style .

• NERC OC/PC/CIPC reviewed the document early and suggested revisions. (Comments were acknowledged by email.)


• NERC provided the final draft copy to the OC/PC/CIPC on June 1 for review, and an OC/PC email vote for endorsement by noon, June 8.

• NERC sent the same embargoed copy to its Board of Trustees and MRC for comment on June 1; responses are being received.

• NERC’s Board of Trustees will vote on acceptance June 12.

SOR 2018 Collaboration Status


Key Finding 1: Increased Resilience

Wind Event vs. Water Event

Hurricane Ike - 2008 Wind Hurricane Harvey – 2017 Water


Category 5 Events

• Hurricane Harvey’s water flooded Houston and would not quit.

• Hurricane Harvey’s winds hit South Texas. 85 substations damaged

225 transmission line outages

Over 850 transmission line structures downed/damaged

Over 6000 distribution poles downed/damaged

• Hurricane Irma was the largest impact storm to ever hit Florida. A record 4.45 million customers out of service for Florida Power & Light

Previous record was 3.24 million during Hurricane Wilma in 2005

Irma restoration took only 10 days versus 18 days during Wilma


• Drones hastened restoration following both Harvey and Irma with unexpected versatility.

• Mutual Assistance agreements provided essential equipment and material for both Harvey and Irma restorations.

• Florida and its utilities shortened Irma restoration time with strong, prior investment in system hardening.

Event Analysis Key Findings & Recommendations


• Continuing collaborative work between industry, vendors, and regulators to assure that inverter technology provides maximum reliability

• Blue Cut Fire event resulted in frequency miscalculation Alert

• Canyon 2 Fire resulted in sub-cycle, overvoltage operation (inverter output cessation) Alert

• Inverter-based Resource Performance Task Force continuing to identify and mitigate issues

Key Finding 2: Inverter-based Generation Presents Emerging Risk


• In 2017, there were no reported cyber or physical security incidents that resulted in a loss of load.

• Nonetheless, grid security, particularly cyber security, is an area where NERC and the industry must continually improve defenses as threats continue to rapidly evolve.

Key Finding 3: No Loss-Of-Load for Cyber or Physical Security Events


Key Finding 4: 200 kV+ Transmission Outages Less Frequent


Continued Decline in Average Transmission Outage Severity


• Risk of UFLS activation monitored in Arresting Period

• Risk of second frequency event monitored in Stabilizing Period

• Frequency Response results acceptable in 2017; varied by interconnection

Key Finding 5: Frequency Response


Key Finding 6: Misoperation Rates Continuing to Decline


Key Finding 6: Misoperation Rates Continuing to Decline


GMD Data RequestNERC Rules of Procedure Section 1600

Ian Grant, Tennessee Valley Authority

Joint OC/PC/CIPC Meeting

June 5, 2018


• In 2016 Federal Energy Regulatory Commission (FERC) directed actions to continue addressing risks from geomagnetic disturbances (GMD) Implementation of GMD Vulnerability Assessments (TPL-007-1)

Revisions to TPL-007-1 (TPL-007-2 filed in January 2018)

Additional research

Data collection

• NERC developed a Rules of Procedure Section 1600 data request with GMD Task Force (GMDTF) and stakeholder input

• NERC, EPRI and GMDTF are conducting a research plan to meet Order No. 830 research objectives

FERC Order No. 830


• Order No. 830 directs NERC to collect GMD data to “improve our collective understanding” of GMD risk Includes GIC and Magnetometer

data

• NERC is to make data available to the public

Data Collection and Availability


• Data will be collected for GMD events that meet or exceed KP-7 Low burden on reporting entities: 200 events per 11-year solar cycle

NERC will designate specific collection periods (date/time)

• Transmission Owners and Generator Owners with GIC and/or magnetometer data are applicable reporting entities Reports are not required for entities that do not collect data

Non-U.S. entities are not obligated to participate but are encouraged

Reporting on behalf of applicable entities is acceptable (e.g., EPRI)

• NERC will make data available to researchers

GMD Data Request Overview


• September 2017 | Draft Presented at GMDTF Meeting

• December 2017 | Planning Committee Authorized Posting

• January – March 2018 | 45-day comment period Comments were provided by over 30 stakeholders

• Comments, responses, and revisions to the GMD Data Request are posted on GMDTF Project Page

Development Steps

https://www.nerc.com/comm/PC/Pages/Geomagnetic-Disturbance-Task-Force-(GMDTF)-2013.aspx


• Seeking PC endorsement of the GMD Data Request in June

• Next steps pending PC endorsement of the GMD Data Request August 2018 | Request NERC Board Approval

Q3 2018 | GMDTF and NERC Staff begin developing a Data Reporting Instructions (DRI)

• NERC staff will continue development of information technology application for collecting GMD Data

Data Request Status




• NERC Rules of Procedure (RoP) Section 1600 Within the United States, NERC and Regional Entities may request data or

information that is necessary to meet their obligations under Section 215 of the Federal Power Act, as authorized by Section 39.2(d) of the Commission’s regulations, 18 C.F.R. § 39.2(d). (P 1601)

• Data Request Elements Describe why the data is needed, its use and collection method

Identify functional entity(ies)

Estimate the burden on reporting entities

Establish reporting criteria or schedule

• Process 45-day public comment period on NERC’s request

NERC Board approval required to issue data request to entity(ies)

Data Request Background


In addition, the Commission directs NERC, pursuant to Section 1600 of the NERC Rules of Procedure, to collect GIC monitoring and magnetometer data from registered entities[*] for the period beginning May 2013, including both data existing as of the date of this order and new data going forward, and to make that information available.

-Order No. 830 P 89

*does not apply to non-U.S. Entities

What Data Will Be Requested


…as a general matter, the Commission does not believe that GIC monitoring and magnetometer data should be treated as Confidential Information pursuant to the NERC Rules of Procedure. (P 89)

…Notwithstanding [the Commission’s] findings here, to the extent any entity seeks confidential treatment of the data it provides to NERC, the burden rests on that entity to justify the confidential treatment. (P 95)

Order No. 830 on Data Confidentiality


• Critical Energy Infrastructure Information is defined in NERC RoPSection 1501 as

specific engineering, vulnerability, or detailed design information about proposed or existing Critical Infrastructure that (i) relates details about the production, generation, transportation, transmission, or distribution of energy; (ii) could be useful to a person in planning an attack on Critical Infrastructure; and (iii) does not simply give the location of the Critical Infrastructure.

• Data reporting requirement provides only general location information Nearest tenth of a degree ~ 5-7 mile resolution

Basis for Data Confidentiality Approach


[The Commission] also direct NERC, pursuant to Sections 1500 and 1600 of the NERC Rules of Procedure, to collect and make GIC monitoring and magnetometer data available. We determine that the dissemination of GIC monitoring and magnetometer data will facilitate a greater understanding of GMD events that, over time, will improve Reliability Standard TPL-007-1. The record in this proceeding supports the conclusion that access to GIC monitoring and magnetometer data will help facilitate GMD research, for example, by helping to validate GMD models.

- Order No. 830 P 93

Purpose of Collecting GMD Data

Documents

Joint Session - NERC€¦ · •Greg Ford –Georgia Systems Operations Corporation ... •Recommendation 3: Coordinate with inverter manufacturer(s) to set inverter voltage trip